Question Bank BIOENRGY AND BIOFUEL -"Two Marks Questions: Unit 1: CONCEPTS OF BIO ENERGY Frequently Asked: T | Define Biomass? Biomass is plant or animal material used for energy production, heat 3 production, or in various industrial processes as raw material fora| Applying | CO1 range of products It can be purposely grown energy crops, wood or forest residues, waste from food crops (wheat straw, bagasse), 2 | Define Bioenergy? Bioenergy is an renewable energy made available from we con materials derived from biological sources such as wood waste, | ynderstanding agricultural waste and muncipalite waste 3 | Define bio fuels? Bio fuels may be derived from agricultural crops, including 3 conventional food plants or ftom special energy crops. Biofuels may i also be derived from forestry, agricultural or fishery products or Applying co1 ‘municipal wastes, as well as from agro-industry, food industry and food service by-products and wastes 4 | Define bio power. The bio power is defined as use of renewable enegy to generate electricity is called bio power. Bio-power, which can K help reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. Also, it has the Understanding | CO! advantage of operating like traditional fo ssil fuel technolo gies as it e is able to produce electricity and heat 5 | Types of bio fuel (@bio ethanol (ii) Fuel wood (iii)vegetable oil (iv) charcoal (w)bio gas Ranenberng con 6 | Define calorific value The calorific value is the total energy released as heat when a substance undergoes complete combustion with oxygen under standard conditions. The chemical reaction is typically a hydrocarbon or other K organic molecule reacting with oxygen to formcarbon | Ynderstanding | CO dioxide and water and release heat DSIT/CSE/III YEAR/COURSE FILE/OBT551- BIO ENERGY -PIO CASMIR Page 6 of 14Optional: T [what i advance Bui fuel? The AIF is an deanjetfuelitis newly developed fischestopch we technology innovative efficient and Enviromental friendly The fuel ae vane | CO! from liquid add some additives and refining of fuel and used for | UNderstanding transportation called advance liquid fuel (ex jet fuel) Z| What ir the scope of bismass energy? arura application of biomass energy. Industrial application ofbiomass energy. K2 cor cPrimary sources of lage scale electic power Understanding generation 3 | Mention advantage ofbivenezy aitis arenowable sources Ki ‘pollution from bioenergy is Less than fossil fuels Remebering The energy storage is en but feature of it ¥ | Mention disadvantage ofbinencey. sitis oftento low energy density Kt | ogy biti dspersed andland intensive source Remembering «labour cos is high for collecting of bio mass Unit 2: FEED STOCK Frequently Asked: T | What are the different types of biomass waste? aurban waste Kl agriculture waste Remembering | C2 caret waste emembering Fishery andpoultery 2 | Define feedstock Ka A feed sto ckis defines as any renewable biological material thttt anayeing | 02 can be used directly as fuel or another form of enrgy product. yzng 3 | What are the feedstock used for first generation of bio fuel? aWheat bBarely. Kt potato. ing | C02 Remembering dsugarcane DSIT/CSE/III YEAR/COURSE FILE/OBT551- BIO ENERGY -PIO CASMIR Page 7 of 14What are the Product from first generation of biofuel” aBio ethanol KL bbio diesel Remembering cVegetable oil. coz 5 | What are the feedstock used for Second generation of bio fuel? aAgriculture waste. bSolidwaste. KL cForest waste Remembering dLignocellulose biomass coz 6 |. What are the Product from first generation of biofuel? aBio methane Fischer tropic gasloline ne | C02 Understandin Advance liquid fuel. ‘ndlerstan cing Optional: What are the major classification of biomass feedstock? Ka a. Biomass from cultivate crops(ex:field crops coz b. Biomass derived from waste( ex:animal dungforest waste) Andyzing 7 | Whatis vegetable oil? Vegetable oil, which can be derived from Ki any number of vegetables, can fall int Remembering | °°2 category of botha first anda second generation bio fuel # | Mention advantage of cons a. Infrastructure for planting, harvesting, and processing is already oa in place Understanding | °° b, Relatively simple conversion of com starch to ethanol c. There are no indirect land use costs with com Unit 3: CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES: Frequently Asked: T] What are the major catogeries of Biomass conversion? aDirect combustion Kt bThermo chemical Conversion co3 Biochemical conversion Remembering DSIT/CSE/III YEAR/COURSE FILE/OBT551- BIO ENERGY -PIO CASMIR Page 8 of 14Z| bist down the phases involved in anaerobic digestion? a. Hycrlysis a b. Atid phases | cos ¢ nethane phases Remembering 3 | What is fementaton? 2 It is the break down of complex molecukes in organic compound under the Oe influence such as yeast bacteria ,enzymesence end alignment of the side | UNderstandin | CO3 ways. 8 F | What i akoholic frmentation? The eleaholie fermentation is the decomposition of biomass inthe absence of air end simple sugar in aqueous solution by enzymes preset in yeast in| KL 03 tcidic eonition Remembering sfl.0,—> COHs0H+2C 0? 5] Whats Hydrolysis? Ki Hyckalysis isthe technology which converts cliulose nto alcohols throu co3 fenesnion * ® | Remembering © | Whats Gasifier? E The gasifier is equioment which can gasfy the vaity of biomess such | Understandin | CO3 as.wood waste and agiculture waste ‘ Optional: T | What anaerobic digestion? Ine annerobic digestion biogtsis prodaced by the buetetial decomposition af | KZ svet svenge siuge, animal waste andgobar gasthe anaerobic digestion Understandin | cos process rele down orginic matter into simple organic eompund . 2, | What are the major process of Bio chemical comersion? aenaerobic digestion ‘Ethanol fermentation 3 | What are the major process of Thermo chemical conversion? Gasification K2 ‘bPyrciyss Understandin | cos Liqueficsion . combustion F | List down factor affecting Anerobic digestion? Ph concentration Kt Fh once ang | £03 b.Tota solid content Remembering ¢ Seeding pressure,tient Unit 4: BIO FUELS: DSIT/CSE/III YEAR/COURSE FILE/OBT551- BIO ENERGY -PIO CASMIR Page9 of 14Frequently Asked: T | How algae as a Biofuel? Algae fuel is an altemative to liquid fossil fuels that uses algae as its source of energy-rich oils. Also, algae fuels are an alternative to Kt commonly known biofuel sources, suchas comand sugarcane Algal | Remembering | °* organisms are photosynthetic macroalgae or microalgae growing in aquatic environments 2 | What are steps of algae cultivation method a. Open pond K4 D. Closedioop system me | COF c. Algal Turf Scrubber ‘Analyzing 3 | Mention advantages of algae a. Needs less Water and Space Kt b. No Contamination cos c. Highlevel of production Analyzing 4. Soaks CO? ftom Environmental as well as from Exhausts # | Mention disadvantages of algae a. Needs High maintenance and monitoring Ki cos b. high cost Remembering c._ Extensive infastructure 5 | Whatare the pros of biofuel? a.They areless expensive Kl b.Theyareenvironmentallyfriendly. co4 c. They can stimulate the local economy Remembering They can be producedlo cally. 6 | Whatare the cons of biofuel? a They produce industrial pollution 2 Db. They require high initial investment Understandin | CO+ ¢. They require more land conversion. £ They canaffect food supply and prices. Optional 1] Whatare the production methods of bio hydrogen? a. Photo-fermentation, Ki cos b. Dark fermentation, Remembering c._ Direct and bio-photolysis. Z| Mention Some biobutanol advantages. a. At high concentrations, biobutanol be blended with, Ka conventional petrol rather than ethanol for useinunmodified | natyaing | CO# engines b._Biobutanol has higher energy content than ethanol DSIT/CSE/III YEAR/COURSE FILE/OBT551- BIO ENERGY -PIO CASMIR Page 10 of 143 | Write the application of bio butanol. @ Bio butanol also shows promise as an industrial solvent and chemical feedstock KL 1b. In addition of other application such as paint, plasticizers, | Remembering pharmaceuticals. ¢._chemical intermediates and herbicides 4 | Define bioheat. Bioheat is defined as results of burning biofuel dervied from KL biomass to producethermal energy space ad water heating Remembering cos cos jit 5: ENVIROMENT SUSTAINABILITY: Frequently Asked: T ] Discuss economics of bio fuel a, The cost of fuel mass produced in the comparison to conventional fuel. Ki b. Cost of processing, ifany cost of fuel depend on Remembering ¢. Cost ofland used ,ie, in tums the yield of fuel per unit area 4. Costofplantation per unit area/year T | Difference between biodiesel and petroleum Biodiesel petroleum Ka aLess air pollution a Currently high expensive | cos D biodegradable ‘pConcem about 100% impact oF || “nalyzing engine durability 3 | Waite the major constitution of envizonmental sustamability. acimate we b soil quality 2 | cos cWater quality Understanding \ dAir quality 4 | What are bio fuel sustainability? cos a. Biofitel production shall not violate human rights or labor rights, and shall ensure decent work and the well-being of workers. KL b. Biofuel production shall contribute to the social aid Remembering economic development oflo cal, rural and indigenous peoples and communities ©. Biofuel production shall not impair fo o dsecurity cos 5 | What are major emission of bio fuels? @areen gas emission i) Pollution (ii) Biodegradation KL Gv)Biodegradation in Aquatic Environment (v) Carbonyl | Remembering Emissions cos DSIT/CSE/III YEAR/COURSE FILE/OBT551- BIO ENERGY -PIO CASMIR Page 1] of 146 | Define ILUC ISSUES: a Biofuels are produced on existing agricultural land, the demand for food and feed crops remains, and may lead to someone producing more fo od and feed somewhere else. KL Remembering | COS b. This can imply Iad use change which implies tha asubstantial amount of CO2 emissions are released into the atmosphere. Optional Whatis Sustainability of biobase product? Sustainability of biobased product is depend on multiple factor such as source of feedstock and process of production.sustainable sourcing and biomassis smart process of production, KL Remembering | COS 2 | Define Advance low-carbon fuel standard. alow-cabon fuel standardis a rule enacted to reduce carbon intensityin transportation fuds as. compared to conventiond petroleum fuels, such as gasoline and diesel. b. The most common low-carbon fuels are alternative fuels and leaner fossil fuels, such as natural gas 3 | Whatis mean by carbon foot print? a. Acarbon footprintis defined as the total emissions caused by an individual, event, organization, or product, expressed as carbon dioxide equivalent. ke cos b. GHG including carbon dioxide, can be emitted through | Understanding Iand clearance and the production and consumption of food, fuels, manufactured goods, materials, wood roads, buildings transportation and other services + | Whatare the ways to reduce carbon footprint? a. Energy sources b. Offsite electricity generation we c. Materials Understanding | CO Waste heat recovery systemse 6 ensulation for large buildings and combustion chambers KL Remembering | COS DSIT/CSE/III YEAR/COURSE FILE/OBT551- BIO ENERGY -PIO CASMIR Page 12 of 14Important 13 Marks Questions: Unit 1: CONCEPTS OF BIOFUEL T Explain about biobased pro ducts and Energy sources Creating | cor 2 | Whatare the two major constraints on production ofbio ener is coi ay Pr ey Applying 5 | pxptain the layout and Advance liquid fuel process? Ka coi ays a Process? Analyzing 4 | Explan different types of advance liquid fuel KS co Evaluating i 5S | Whatis biopower?Explain different types of Biopower Applying coi 6 | Explain the steps to be followedin the measurement process. KS coi Evaluating Unit 2: FEED STOCK T ] Write the detail accounts of Agriculture waste as a feed stock for Ki cor biofuel production, Remembering z B Explain the detals fully the Third generation of biofuel? Appiving | © 3 | How are the biofuel catogrized? Explain the first generation of bio ke fuel? erizedt 8 Understandin | C02 : g 4 K3 Explain the production of biofuel from Industrial waste? apptving | °° 5. sscplain the production of biofuel from and forestfarm waste? Ka coz Pr ° Analyzing CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES: T [Explein the process application advantage end Disadvantage of Anaerobic RZ cos Digestion understandin 2 | explain the biorefinery concept and classification and product derive K2 cos from end product of bio refinery. understandin RI 3 | What arethe emerging Technologies of Bio fuel? Remembering | CO3 DSIT/CSE/III YEAR/COURSE FILE/OBT551- BIO ENERGY -PIO CASMIR Page 13 of 4¥ | Whatishydrolysis Explain acidhydrolysis and enzymes? KS cos Applying 5. | Whatare the biomas conversion ?Explain any one in details Ka co Analyzing © | Explan construction and working of Any two biomass K2 co understandin Unit 4: BIO FUEL: T ] Write shorts notes on economic aspects of biomass Energy ce applying | co4 2 | Discuss the importanc e of metabolic engineering e as appliedin KL Biofuel production Remembering | °°* 3 | Describe the manufacture of Bio ethanol from cellulose feedstock KS cos Evaluating ¥ | Compare the characterstics of bio diesel with high speed diesel B Applying | C* Explain the process OF cyano becleila ase producer of io Fuel 5. | Explain the pr y KT cog Analyzing © | Explain the process of algae becteda ese producer & biofuel KS cos Evaluating SUSTAINABLITY AND RESILENCE: T ] Discuss the role oF advancelow carbon fuel with respect to Ka cos sustainablity Analyzing 2 [Explain Bio fuel sustainability & reslence For Ke Noefural resources mayzing | 5 Explain deals of enissionfon bio foals 5 |P 6 cos Applying [waite the short notes on Carbon foot pant KS Evauating | 5 | Discuss the key aspects of environmental sustainability Ke cos Analyzing PREPARED BY VERIFIED BY D.PIO CASMIR - AP/Mech HOD/Mech APPROVED BY PRINCIPAL DSIT/CSE/III YEAR/COURSE FILE/OBT551- BIO ENERGY -PIO CASMIR Page 14 of 14