MAP

LANGUAGE

Vocabs for describing direction:

North, East, South, West, Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, Southwest.

Ex: The school is located/ situated in the northeast corner of the area. (vị trí tuyệt đối)
The school is located to the north of the river (dùng khi so sánh với cái khác)
 Preposition: in the center, in the corner, on the left/right, in front of, behind,
next to, opposite, between … and …, among, across, on the bank of the river, on
the top of…, on the coast sea, etc.

Vocabs for changes:

Buildings: relocated, demolished, knocked – down, replaced, built, renovated,

constructed, developed, extended, expanded, converted and modernized

Trees: cleared, cut – down, chopped down, removed, planted

Roads, bridges and railways: constructed, extended, expanded, built, removed

Leisure facilities: opened, set up, developed

A replaced B = B disappeared to make way for A

Ex: A new factory has been constructed near the river

The forest was cut down and replaced by a shopping mall

The school was demolished to make way for the hotels.

The main road was extended and a new bridge was built over the river

A new park was set up next to the swimming pool.

Distance

 A is close to B

= A is near B = The distance between A and B is small/short

= A is within reach of B = There is a short distance between A and B

= A is not far away from B = A is in the vicinity of B = A is in close proximity to B

  A is far from B

= A is at a considerable distance from B

= The distance between A and B is considerable

= There is a considerable distance between A and B

= A and B are far away from each other

 PROCESS

I. Introduction:

The illustration provides a detailed description of + Noun Phrase

The pictures highlight the stages involved in + Noun Phrase

II. Overview:

It can be clearly seen that the process goes through … stages, from Noun Phrase to Noun
Phrase

Overall, the process can be outlined in … steps, beginning with Noun Phrase and ending
with Noun Phrase

III. Body:
 Beginning: firstly/ first of all

in the beginning

the process commences when S + V

 Secondly: After that # Before that

S + V before V-ing

From this/next/following this/subsequently/then, S+V

The process continues with + Ving/N

The process continues when S + V

S + V, followed by + Ving/N

The process then moves on to the next stage when S + V

At the same time/ Simultaneously

Following this is + N

N takes place after/before + N

 Ending: Finally
Eventually
This process can be repeated again.