INDEX

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 ABSTRACT
 INTRODUCTION
 PROJECT FEATURES/OBJECTIVES
APPLICATION
 CONCEPT/TECHNOLOGY SELECTIONDIS
 IMAGE OF PROJECT
 APPLICATIONS
 CIRCUIT LAYOUT & PIN CONNECTIONS OF
LED BOARD
 PROS AND CONS
 RESULTS
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I hereby, completing this project, would like to

express our very great appreciation to
JIS University

&

Dr. Saikat Maity Sir

Who gave us the golden opportunity to do this
wonderful project. Which also helped us in doing a
lot or research and helped us to know about so
many new things.
The successful and final outcome of this project
required lots of guidance and assistance from
many people.
I would also like to expand my deepest gratitude to
all those who have directly and indirectly guided us
in writing this project Report.
Lastly, I would like to extend my gratitude to
authors of the papers and information sources
without
which this project would not have been possible.
 ABSTRACT
The project is a 3D LED CUBE DISPLAY (4X4X4
PIXELS) which displays different patterns stored in
the microcontroller. This LED cube is like a LED
screen, but it is special in that it has a third
dimension, making it 3D. Think of it as many
transparent low-resolution displays. In normal
displays it is normal to try to stack the pixels as
close as possible in order to make it look better,
but in a cube, one must be able to see through it,
and more spacing between the is needed. The
spacing is a trade-off between how easy the layers
behind it are seen. Since it is a lot more work
making a LED cube than a LED display, they are
usually low resolution. A LED display of 8x8 pixels
are only 64 LEDs, but a LED cube in 8X8X8 is 512
LEDs, an order of magnitude harder to make! This
is the reason LED cubes are only made in low
resolution. A LED cube does not have to be
symmetrical; it is possible to make a 7x8x9, or
even oddly shaped ones. Here we have an 4X4X4
shaped one. The code is written in the C language
using AVR studio and it is burned into the
ARDUINO using the ARDUINO 1.8.10.
 INTRODUCTION

3D LED CUBE is an evolution from 2D

DISPLAY. Before this, 2D DISPLAY is
usually used in many electronic devices to
display something. After that, 3D takes a
part on the electronic technology world.
The first era of 3D LED CUBE is built the
3x3x3 pocket led. It just uses 27 led to
shown sous text display or interactive
design. The cube's 3D construction is
straightforward and easy to solder using
the included jig and instructions. With use
27 led’s, the design or text that display is
not too clear. It runs using a PIC16F690
and a piece of software written in VB.NET.
After that, 4x4x4 LED CUBE has been
introduced. 64 led’s has been used to
show the 3D view. Many types of
controller can be used to develop this
project. PCB is one of the controllers that
have been used. For example, Atusga16
microcontroller and AVR microcontroller.
Each LED can be addressed individually
in software, enabling it to display amazing
3d animations. On the programming side,
many types of coding can be built for this
project such as python and c language.
Now 4x4x4 3D LED CUBE with 64 led’s
has been choose for this project. For this
project Arduino controller board is used. C
language will be use to run the program.
The reason why will choose C language
because it is related with microcontroller
interfacing, subject that is essential for all
CSE student. It will be use as a software
to run this program. This unique way of
displaying is a very eye catching and
much more stand out compared to the
two-dimensional normal panel displays.
 PROJECT
FEATURES/OBJECTIVES

The goal of this design is to be able to

output and modify the LED array fast
enough to see a persistent image:
• The first issue that must be dealt with is
the physical construction of the array. The
array will be 4x4x4 LEDs, accounting for a
total of 64 devices. Due to lack of
accessibility we will have to make certain
that each LED is functional and stays so
throughout the construction.
• A sturdy base will also have to be
provided for the array, as the construction
doesn’t allow for a large amount of
structural integrity.
• Due to the very large number of LEDs
that need to be used at once, current
considerations will have to be taken into
account, verifying that we have enough
power to supply a good level of
luminescence so that we may not only
turn on all LEDs but also modify them
through pulse width modulation.
• The microprocessor will be in charge of
general code execution. It will control the
pulse width modulation that will be used to
modify the on - off of the LEDs
• Since each LED needs to be controlled
individually, memory issues will have to be
considered when adding more graphic
options.
CONCEPT/TECHNOLOGY
SELECTION

We have chosen the implantation of

this project based on our team’s
experience and the simplest approach
by which we see to complete our
goals. When constructing the actual
LED array, we have chosen to
construct the array in layers, verifying
that all LEDs function after every step.
Due to close proximity soldering there
is a high chance that some of them
may burn out and we would like to
catch this early on. Once we have all
layers completed, we will stack them
and solder the layers one by one till
they are fully assembled. We shall also
place several strong strands of wire to
support the structure and increase its
integrity. We have chosen to do the
main processing in C through. The
digital hardware that will be the basis
for the LED driver will Arduino mini.
This will allow us the benefit of speed
to update outputs as fast as needed as
well as reducing our design footprint.
Though the PCB design may be more
difficult the result would be much more
beneficial than using several ICs,
especially due to the large number of
outputs we require. There are two
ways in which we can fashion the code
to control the LEDs. The first would be
to pre-program individual bits to be
retrieved and outputted sequentially.
This is the brute force method but it
may prove easier than the others. The
main issue however is memory
allocation and size, for multiple
graphics or the addition of new ones
we will probably need to add external
memory to process it. The second
method which is the one we will
attempt is to make code as intelligently
as possible so that the designs can be
generated and output directly from the
microprocessor, without other
hardware required. This method may
be slower but it would be more
eloquent and require a physically
smaller design. The best solution may
be a combination of the two systems to
achieve a maximum number of
graphics possible.
IMAGE OF THE PROJECT
APPLICATIONS

•3D Building Plotting

• Commercial Advertisement
• 3D Object Representation

• 3D Television
 CIRCUIT
LAYOUT & PIN
CONNECTIONS OF LED
BOARD
 PROS AND CONS

Advantages
• It is compact and hence uses less area
coverage
• It can be displayed clearly in dark room as
well as well lighted rooms/outside conditions
• It has efficient power management

Disadvantages
• Project is heavily hardware oriented
• Time constrain
RESULTS
When the design was completed and
documented, we had a clear and functional
outline: a software interface to send
instructions to an on-board control PCB,
containing an embedded processor in
Arduino to control driver board containing
LED. A detailed testing procedure
confirms the operation of the 3D LED
cube - leaving the group with a clear and
finalized path moving forward. The most
substantial result of this documentation
was the learning experience of the
individual group members. Although the
skill development was broad-based,
including time management, team
building, communication, and technical
writing, the primary growth came from
achieving the goal of this project:
establishing a functional 3D LED cube
prototype design. This success
accompanied the new skills and knowledge
obtained such as embedded processor
development, discrete component
integration, printed circuit board
construction, communication protocols,
embedded software development, and
software design. Clearly this project
spanned several topics covering the topics
of both electrical and computer
engineering.
 CONCLUSION

We were successful in completing our mini

project “3D LED CUBE DISPLAY (4x4x4
Pixels)”. It was a wonderful experience as we
attained basic knowledge on different steps in
circuit manufacturing such as circuit testing
and debugging, soldering components, PCB
fabrication etc that will surely help us in our
career in electronics field. By doing this
project we also came to know about the
advantages and disadvantages of our project
and its future development. Today we have a
3D world; a 3D revolution will be formed in
the upcoming years. This project can be
upgraded to a great extent by suitable add-ons
and we expect a bright future for our project in
the coming years. The main applications of
our project include toys, advertisements, study
material, research purposes etc.
 REFERENCES

 A demonstration of LED cube

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6mXM-oGggrM

 Guide on making LED cube

http://www.instructables.com/id/Led-Cube-4x4x4/?
ALLS

 Guide on making LED cube

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=2BlVUKW5hL0&t=445s

 Guide on making LED cube

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=JqBGBm2iza8&t=1466s