Vf INNEC hIfIUVIINEIf S VIhIECV)V

VIhI EIV»VE CI EIJ N ENIVTVI^IONS

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pue 'sapl snorBIIaU 'rr8e141 Jo salel 'saFI Ieruruv
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Proofs of Fidelity and Innocence 880-899 502
The Obstinate Wife Learns to Obey 900-909 . . 523
Good Precepts 910-979 527
Clever Acts and Words 920-929. . . 540
Tales of Fate 930-949 . . . 568
Robbers and Murderers 950-969 . . . 588 INTRO
Other Realistic Tale s 970-999 . . 606

The system of European tale t)'f .

twice revisedby Stith Thompsoi-
traditional tales in the region fro::-
results of the research that n-as :
international tale types (ATU, for --
fundamentally new edition n-ith e
attempts to meet the objections of i
catalog (AaTh) without forsaking :
types are presented. Criticisms oi :
points:
(1) A typolo gy ofnarratives imr
ation that does not exist in narra;l
(2) The definitions of genres an.
ters are often neither thematicallr- r
no distinct genre is represente.i ':
Tales).
(3) The concentration of the " F
oral tradition relegated literan- sc'-
obscured important older forms a:
(a) The system encompassed t -
relevant material from western -{,
regions. Even in Europe, the tr:
Documentation varied considerab _

example, Denmark and Russia

Evidence from Portugal, and fron-.
often missing. The narrative tra.1::
Ladini, Frisians, Sorbs, etc.) r,r-ere :
(5) The presentation of sepa:
variants each unnecessarily obscu :,
dition and the classification svste:
(6) References to relevant schc'-
(7) References to variants \,r'ere u
from new ones.
(8) The descriptions of the tale :
often imprecise, and too often c€nr,
ters.
 'sJa]
-JereLIJ aleur aq+ uo dpo d11sn[un para+ual ua+Jo oo] pue 'asr)ard*l uaryo
oo+ ?apq oo+ sasef, .,(ueur uI aram sad,,fi a1e+ aq+ Jo suorldrnsap aqI (g)
'sauo 1yl'au uoJJ
+ou 'suoqcalloJ raplo uroJJ ua{e} ,(gensn aJaM s}uerren o} saf,uaJa}a5 (/)
'Sutsstur uaryo aram arn+eralll .,{pe1ot1f,s }ue^alar o} sa)ua"rayay (9)
'aloll1v\ e se 3o1e1ec ar{}
Jo ura}s{s uor}errJrsselr aq} pue uoplp
-erl uI af,eld .rrat1+ Jo arn+)ld aq+ q+oq parn)sqo ,,(pressa)auun qJea sluerre^
zvral e dpo Hllzvr sadft pazllerol aleredas Jo uoqeluasa.rd atll (g)
'paluarunJop 'r(1+ual)IlJns +ou ro '1ou aJaM ('rla 'sqrog 'suersrJg 'lqpe-I
'sanbseg) sdno;8 )ruqla lleuls Jo suoplper+ a^rlerreu aql 'Surssrtu uaryo
sem 'adorng uJalseaqlnos pue uJalsea uroJ; pue '1e8n1rod uror; aJuapl^E
'ilu +e pap1zrord sem uolleurroJur ou (erssny pue 1rewuaq 'aldurexa
JoJ) auros roJ pue 'ate1d ol areld tuor; ,(1qe;aprsuof, parre^ uoqeluarunJog
dpanaun paluaunJop aJaM suorlrpeJ] aq+ 'adornE ur uaAE 'suor8a.r
Jaqlo uI sluarual]]as ueadoJng pue elsv uJalsam uroJJ lerraleul lue^alaJ
Yllm 'uoTllperl a^Ilerreu ueadornll dpo passeduro)ua ula1s,(s aqJ (f)
'sad.,fi a1e+ aql
Jo sa)uarrnJ)o pue surroJ raplo ]ueuod*l parn)sqo
uaryo pue uoqlso d ,{rcpuoJas e o} saJrnos ,(rerary pa}e8alar uoplper} Iero
drnlua)-qluaalauru uo ,,loor{)S qsruurC,, aq} Jo uor}er}ua)uo) aq1 (€)
'(sap1
rllueuroy) alla^oNl '666-098 qIeV {q pa}uasardar sr arua8 lruqsrp ou
'aldutexa JoC ']ualslsuoJ ,{1prn1f,r}J}s Jou {lerqeurat{} Jaq}rau uauo aJe sJa}
-)ereqr ol Surprorre uollerrlrsselr aLI] pue sarua8 Jo suoplulJap aqJ (Z)
'plro/V\ Iear aq] uI uoqlper] a^rlerreu ur lsrxa lou saop leql uorle
-nlls e 'atuaqJs JlJlluatls '1lexa ue sarldurr salrleJJeu yo d8o1od.,Q V (I)
.rofeur ButmolloJ aq] para^o) a^eq L{JEV Jo sruspr}rrf 'pa}uasard .Jl}"f
ale+ aql uvrot{ yo saldtrutrd Fuor}rper} aq} 8ur»esro} }not11la,r (qfeV) 8op1er
uosdutor{J / aurey aq} }o s)qlrf, snolrrard Jo suoqrafqo aq] ]aaur o1 sldula]]e
]I 'suollelouut pue suolllppe anlsualxa Hllan uoplpa lvrau ,(lpluaruepunJ
e salnlqsuor (tar{}O / uosduo.{I / aurey ro} 'n IV) sad,{} ap} Ieuoqeura}ur
yo 8o1ele) +uasard ,ql 'alqelle^e uat{} sem }eq} Llf,reasar aq} }o s}lnsar
aq+ palerod;orut pue e1pul o1 adorng ruorJ uor8ar aq+ ur sale+ Ieuorllper+
ra^or o] papuedxa oqm '(196T'g261) uosduot{I q}ps ,{q pasr^ar arrm}
ll
sem (oto1) aurev
pluv dq pau8rsap sad.,fi ale] ueadorng Jo uals.(s aHI
909
NOIJfNAOUJNI 889
899
079
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 Hans-]örg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

(9) The inclusion of so-called irregular types was dubious. wide distribution. The gerue-l.a..
(10) Too much of the documentation for the existence of many of the thematic conception that this i:'
types luy in archive texts that were difficult to access. utilization of the word "Märche:.
confusion of literary genres. T:..
The ATU has eliminated or mitigated these faults. It is an effective tool that here: under "Märchen" thev inc- --
permits international tale types to be located quickly, thus providing a Hausmcirchen: etiologies, fat',ies
historical-comparative orientation toward folktale research for scholars in exempla, religious and other 1e gt
all disciplines that touch on popular traditions. humorous religious tales anci :-..
The descriptions of the tale types have been completely rewritten and genres were represented in the -{,
made more precise based on all the results of research available up to narratives from outside Europe : :
approximately 2003. The essential research cited for each type includes in part and often with difficult\-. -
extensive documentation of its international distribution as well as mono- legends, and etiological accounts
graphic works on that type or the cycle of types to which it belongs. The dotes, jokes, rumors, and g€flr€S :

list of catalogs and variants used for reference has been enlarged consider- refugee experiences that have tree:
ably and includes type and motif catalogs still in press. More than two some other system is needed. Son-.,
hundred and fifty new types have been added, which appear throughout in the Motif-lndex of Folk Literttt:,', -
the different sections. Note has been made of the many types scattered has been done for the narratir-e t::
throughout the various sections of the AaTh catalog whose internal American Indians in the motif ;.
properties or structural similarities and affinities with other types had Simoneau. Alternatively, an indep.
previously been overlooked. Tiput from the AaTh catalog that were used, as it has for example for the
limited to a single ethnic group, and for which no more information is Schott) and for the Pokomo of Ke:
available, have been excised (they can still be found in the regional cata- Up until the 1960's, folktale
logs), except when they have reached a significant temporal, ethnic, or traditions had existed unchange.
geographic distribution. Likewise the adoption of Vpes or subffpes listed important source of evidence fc,:
in regional catalogs into the ATU has been limited: many oikotypes have Thus, oral traditions constitutei
been integrated into widely-distributed types with significant regional identity than did later written :,--,
variations (an oikotypical substratum), rather than as additional types or originated during the 19th centu:-
numbered subtypes. Many types with very brief or diffuse descriptions of intense nationalization in Eu::l
have also been eliminated, particularly when the texts turned out to be ceived importance of the docur..
heterogeneous and subsequent regional catalogs failed to show that they Aarne had essentially ignored i.
had any structural or functional unity. sometimes made reference to -:
Each "taletype" presented here consists of a number, title, and a de- Chauce4 Basile, and ]ohannes Pa:-
scription of its contents, and must be understood to be flexible. It is not a of this literary dissemination pla', .
constant unit of measure or a way to refer to lifeless material from the past. development of the traditions \\-e r:
Instead, as part of a greater dynamic, it is adaptable, and can be integrated most part undervalued. The o1oe,
into new thematic compositions and media. The background for this tales, were often dismissed as a s -::
model of narrative alteration and innovation is evident in a change of such reveal deficiencies in the ai-.
paradig* that took place in recent decades in historical-comparative problem cannot be remedied rr-r::-
folktale research, a change that has necessarily affected the nature of this modern times the perspective is .i-
new catalog. Earlier research had been handicappe d by a shortage of more highly.
necess ary information regardi.g historical and recent narrative material, As we now know, manlz so-ca,
especially from Europe, in all the genres (fables, animal tales, religious history. Some can be traced L.ac.,
legends, ordinary folktales, jests, and cumulative tales). In such a system fantasy of homo narrans can be see:
it was impossible to document all oral and literary forms with a world- to the changes in the functiorl rr l
roJ /an 'ale} .:
q Apeln)rued sl sF{I aq} Jo uor})unJ aq} ur sa8uelp aL{} o} -plrom e qllm surroJ .ire:a1ll i --. .
sasuodsal aJe +eq] suo4eldepe lut.au ur uaas aq uEJ suailau lwollyo {selueJ uralsds E r{)ns q '(sa1e1 a-\IJPII-IL*:--l :*
aLI+ rlJrl{lvl ur 'a;n1e;a}ll Jo $lJo^a o} >lJeq pa)eJ} aq uer auros ,{rolsrq snot8tla; 'sale] Ieurlue 'salqe.l r Sl- -::
,(.re.ra1H q)lJ e a^eq sa^rlEJJeu IeJo palle)-os {ueru 'rvtou>1 a^^ sv 'letta1eur a^qeJJeu +ua)al pue I:'-- -: -- --
^^ou
{UBU arour yo a8euotls e Äq, paddellpuPu *::-
panp^ aJe sa)Jnos ua++rJm pue 'luaralJlp sr anrlJads;ad aLI+ saurr+ urapour sF{} Jo arn}eu aq} pa})a+IP -\II-IPSS:]: *
uI 'ualsds Sur.raqurnu ad,ft alel aLI] uF{}lrw parpauar aq }ouueJ rrralqo.rd a^IleJeduror-leJlJolslt{ ul sapL'rr: - -.
-
sH+ 'sluaulnJop Jo ]uaurlear] IeJrrolsp{E aq} ur sarf,uar)rrap lea^ar qJns ;o a8ueqJ e uI luaplla sl uoIlP-',,--'-l*
q8noqlly'ruJoJ ,,te1n3attr,, ue Jo ad,ftqns e se passnusrp uaryo aJaM 'sap1 sFIl ro1 puno;8>1teq at{I 'PIpaL* i *.
1erurue Jo ,(1"repcr1red 's1xa1 uallrrm ]saplo at{I 'panlelrapun 1.red }sour paler8alul aq uEf, pue 'a1qe1dep"* . - - - -
aq+ JoJ aJaM saf,rnos ua++rrM 'passasse aJalur suorllpeJ+ aL{} }o }uaurdolarrap '+sed aq+ urory Ierraleu ssalaJIl oi :r::-
pue pea.rds aq+ uaqm aloJ e Jounr oo] pa,{e1d uoqeururassrp ,{rcta}H snl} Jo e lou q ]I 'alqlxalJ aq ol poolsrai *:- :*
aJualsrxa aq+ 1o aBpalMoDI 'ra^amoH 'llnecl sauueqo{ pue 'apseg faoneq3 -ap e pue 'allp '.raqurnu e Io slsls -,
, .
'orJ)eJrog ,{q s}xa} {;era1r1 }ueuod*l o} a)uaJaJal apeur saurr}euros
uosduotll qlps 'saf,rnos d;eralll ';ap1o parou8r ,(prluassa peq aurev ,(aql +eLIl ,'oqs ol pagey s3o1P1är = rl
*--:.
I++uV aUqM 'uoplper] IEro Jo uoqeluaurn)op aql Jo aruelrodurr panra) aQ o+ ]no pauJn] slxa] aql u3L{-"'-
-rad aql uo aJuanlJur Suqsel e peq 'adorng ul uorlezrleuoqeu asualur Jo suoqdlrf,sep asnlJlp ro +alrq-ua'- -.-
pouad e'tll1Z aql olq panuquo) pue .,(rnlual L{}6I aq} Sur"rnp pa}eur8rro ro saddl puopppe se ueql raut'.': --:
qJlt{Iv\ 'uotlenle^ f,r}ueuroJ snp 'saf,Jnos ua}}lJm Ja}el p1p uet{} ,Qrluapr leuor8ar lueJr;ru8rs Hll.,u saC-i: : r-:-.;
Ieuoqeu JoJ aJJnos lue1rod*l aJour e palnlqsuof, suoqrpeJ+ Iero 'snq1 a^eq saddloTlo dueul :pallLull ;rr j. :
'srolsaf,ue rlaq] Jo sua1s,(s Jallaq eq] roJ aJuaprla Jo a)rnos luelrodurr palsr1 sadfiqns ro sad,{+ Io uoil; r . : : -
ue paptlord snt{} pue 'sat;n1ual ro} pa8ueqrun pa}srxa peq suor}rper} Jo ')Iuqla 'le.rodura+ luefltrIuSrs =- ;.
Iero ]eq+ pa^arlaq {lleraua8 sreloq)s ale}>llo} 's,096T aq} il}un d11 -elef, puor8ar alp ur punol aq .l-:= -rl
'(;apraD seruor{I ,(q) edua;1 Jo oruoIo.I aq} roJ pue (Uorltg sr uoqeurJoJur alour ou qlII-{ \'. : --: :
ra8rpnU {0 eueqD }o sa^r}erreu es1ng aq} ro; eldurexa ro; seq }l se 'pasn aram leql 3o1e1er qIeV aqi L;,--:: -
aq ppor stsdpue-Felap JlleuraHl luapuadapur ue'r(larrrleuJallv'neauoruls
ulre» pue uaqllM sauueqol yo SolElEr Jllour ar{} ur suelpul uerrraurv r -: -
Ieuralul asoqm 3o1e1er L{IE\-
qlnos;o sdnor8 )ruqla ileuls Jo suoplperl a^rlerreu aql roJ auop uaaq seq paralle)s saddl dueul aL{} Jo ai: -r '
se'papuedxa aq plnor slql I(SE-EE6I.) atnf)D+IjlloJ{0 xapu\-{t+ow aq} ul lnoq8norql readde LIJItl.\\'papi: *::
paluaunlop ,{prcdueaq aleq urar{} Jo aruos 'pepaau sr ure}sr(s "raq}o auros o1vll uet{} eroIAI 'ssard
ul III}S s:,-- -:-. -
'sarua8 asaql rog dpuarar dpo papnls uaaq a^eq leql saJuarradxa aa8ryar -Japlsuot pa8relua uaaq seq alur:::::
pue 'r(rolsrq {Uule1 't{to}sF{ aJII se qf,ns saJua8 pue 'sJorun.r 'sa1o['sa1op ayl 's8uo1aq lI q)lq1v\ o] sad-\l j,-- i --
-)aue se r{lns saJua8 rassal Jo osle pue 's1uno)f,e lerrSolopa pue 'spua8al -ouour se IIaM se uollnqlJlslp IEU -- :.
'sorda 'sqlr(ur Io anrl dpelnrrped sl sFII {lpuJJIp Ll}lzw uaryo pue ped ur sapnlJur addl LIJea JoJ pallf uti?r::-
dpo suollras paluarro-,(lleJrleura{} s}l }lJ adorng apls}no urorJ sa^r}erreu o1 dn alqellele qJJeasar Io stl:'"!r: :
TIOJ leql umot{s seq rftolsrq '3o1e1el qley aq} ur pa}uasa.rdar aram sarua8 pue ua]lrJma.r dlalaldtuo) uaat . '-:- * -
asaq+ ile allqM 'sale] rr8eur snorounq pue salel snor8rlar snorounq 'suoL:: "t :- -
'
se q)ns surJoJ paxnu snorJe^ pue 'spua8al Jaqlo pue snor8rlar 'elduraxa uI sJeloLIJS JoJ t{JJeasal a[e]{{tr.I i::-
's1sa[ 'sat.lols JI]sIIEJorrr 'sa1e1 Ieurrue /salqeJ 'sarSolopa :uaq)fitusnaH e Surprno;d sn{} 'r(1prnb pa}E--,--- i-
pun -,Laput» rrat{} Jo s}ua}uo) aq} ile papnlf,ur {aql ,,uarprg.I/\,,, rapun :araq lEtP Iool a^IlJa#a ue q lI 'sllnel r': I - - -
aldurexa uE se a^Jas sJaqlorq ururlJD at{I 'sarua? ,{rcta}ll Jo uorsnJuof,
e paleJlpq ,,aplITo!,, ol lualenrnba se ,,uaqJJptr41,, pJolur. aq+ Jo uoqezrlr+n 'ssaf )e o] l I'*- -: : :
.
aql ua^E 'alqrssodurr sF{} apetu 'parldrul sF{} }Erl} uorlda)uor )r}etuaq} aL{} ;o dueur Jo a)ua}slxa aq} r.'.- - - --
aq] pue '3o1e7er qIeV aql Jo arnlrnrls paseq-arua8 atll 'uoqnqlrlslp apyw 'snolqnp se.,\r saci u ::--:-:
uorlJnpoJlul VBZ )J,I vgz )tJ,
 Hans-Jö FFC 284 a

rl -l

example, of the fables associated with the name Aesop and for similar ation that is essential for understa:.
narratives from oriental traditions. Other examples of literary genres its transmissiory and its importa:;,
important for oral tradition include medieval Arabic jests, European The list of potential ror...s i:::
exempla and farce, and the fabliaux and novelle of the late Middle Ages, grees of populartty, such as caleni_-ia:
all of which entered early modern literature. These narratives are com- for educational purposes, Iang;ua i.
pletely different from the numerous etiological tales of illiterate peoples. pean tradition unjustly domrna:e_
For historical reasons, the existing numbering system for the tale typei has Where this imbalance continues r::
been retained here - there was no need to reinvent the wheel. Altho"gh the centric ideolo gy,but merely retlec:,
definitions of a tale type as a self-sufficient narrative, and of a motif äs the many countries and regions, the :
smallest unit within such a narrative, have often been criticized for their tradition has only recently begur.
imprecisiory these are nevertheless useful terms to describe the relation-
ships among a large number of narratives with different functional and
formal attributes from a varie$ of ethnic groups, time periods, and genres. The Construcir.,:
The general distinction of amotif as one of the elements of a tale (hat is,
a statement about an acto r, an object, or an incident) is separated here from Because of the need for compatibiil.
its content. In fact, a motif can be a combination of all three of these and international folktale catalogs, _:
"

elements, for example, when a woman uses a magic gift to cause a change for nearly one hundred years .örl.-
in the situation. "Motif" thus has a broad definiiion that enables it to be catalog, some types were noted in r:
used as a basis for literary and ethnological research. It is a narrative unit, sary duplication. Thompson hac
and as such is subject to a dynamic that determines with which other withoutrealizirg that theiame h.pe :

motifs it can be combined. Thus motifs constitute the basic building blocks place. Many of the articles in the _
of narratives. On Pragmatic grounds, a clear distinction between motif and pointed out these mistakes. Onlr- i:r .
tyPe is not possible because the boundaries are not distinct. With this a type number from its original pia;.
attitud9, d monographic investigation can distinguish between content AaTh 7587 has become ATU g27D
and theme and still consider form and function ur the properties that and irregular tale types (those tha:
determine the narrative's genre. AaTh was problematic at best. f:
Some early advocates of narrative classification envisioned an exact proved to be unnecess ary in case=
system like that of the natural sciences, analogous to biological classifi- among other ethnic groups. In oth=:
cation; this vision was later influenced by semantic and structural re- surprisingly important: their oral r: -
search. That hope for exactness must be seen as a product of the wishful dependent on a wide literary tradi::
thinking of the time. Nevertheless , naruatives *rst be analyzednot arbi-
trarily but accordirg to structural considerations. ]ust as genres of narra- listed in ATU is considered a ,ires:.: - -;
tive are only intellectual constructs, so, thery is any typology. Broad defini- Nevertheless , for some of the e\.. i
tions permit similar themes and plots to be included, so that, in the course presence is a result of compronli..-
of the history of the origins and development of a tradition, its different shorthand references for a*hol. .-. .
functions can be discerned. A precise analysis guarantees that variations Many catalogs have listed texts Lrnür:
in narrative tradition will not be reduced to a simple multicultural homo- relevant subtypes. Ofteru divergen: :
geneity. The ATU tyPe catalog is a bibtiographia tool that characterizes end of these subtypes have been tls.;
such divers ity, represented by published narratives of different ethnic the general tale type. Other subt].f
=
grouPs and time periods, with a description of each type followed by types because of their strucfural e1e:-
references to catalogs, texts, and published research. Paradoxical ly,'a constitute Rp"r 42\ff .,97off .,19r,!::
description of a tale type can show its various and changi.g structural narratives that were especially difricu-
elements, but not its mäanings or functions. Nor can ,r.f, u ä"r.ription laneous type" has been used. Such n-.-
show the variation in the motifs contained in the individual texts, vari- can be described only by their thenr.

r*ffi.,
 -ruo) e q8norq+ passardxa sl qrlqm 'aruaq+ rraq] ,(q dpo paqlrf,sap aq uef, -rJe^'s1xa1 1enpl^lpq aq] ul Fla;.:--.
saddl snoauaSo"ralaq Jo snoouefla]snu qlns 'pasn uaaq seq ,,adr{l,snoauel uorlduJsap e qJns upf Joysuo:--- *:--
-laJSIur,, uolleu8rsap aql 'dyrssel) ol +lnJrJJrp {lplradsa aram }eq} sa^r}erreu IeJn])nJls SurBueLIt pue snoIJP.', :t-
+uaurnrop oI 'JJo96T pue ''fiOZ6T ']!996I ''!t0T6 ''t|g7tr sad{1 a1n}r}suor e 'r(llerrxopeJed 'qf,reasal paqsi-r.: :
+eql sadftqns aql aldurexa roJ 'sluaurala lern+f,nrls rraql Jo asneraq sad,,fi {q pa,,wolloJ ad,Q Llrea Io uolld,:ri::
olu1 ;aq+a8o1 padno;8 uaaq a^er{ sadftqns raq}O 'adft ale} Ieraua8 aq+ Jluqla luaraJllp Jo sa,\IlerrPu pau. - :
rr: . -. . * '
tuoJJ ulatll Suqeredas JoJ erralrJf, se pasn uaaq a^eq sad,,fiqns asaq+ ,o pua sazlJal)eJeqJ ]Et{} Ioo} rrqde:F
+e
;o Sutuur8aq aq] sJI+olrI ro slua^a 1ua8"ra^p 'uaUO 'sadftqns +uenalaJ -oruot{ IeJn}ln)I}lnur aldurrs e ot L':r: :
aq+ rapun Jo pealsul sraqunu asaq] rapun slxa] pals{ a^eq s8o1eler .,(ue141 suoqerJe^ leq] saalueren8 srs-i1e;:i :-.
'(OtE pue gZV sad,{1 '3'r) sale} +uaralJlp sll 'uoplper] e +o ]uau:i,-- :
;o ap,() aloqm e ro} sa)uara}ar puequorls
asJnoJ aq+ q 'papnllul at - -l ,-- .
aurof,aq aleq aulos ';e1ncr1;ed u1 'sasrurordruoJ Jo +lnsal e sl aruasa.rd '+eql os
panuquo) 's;aqurnu ad,,(1 Surlsrxa aq} auros .ro; -lul;ap peorg dSolodrt ,iue sI 'ua:;. '-
"rra{} Jo 'ssalaqpa^al{
-eJJeu Jo saJua8 se +snf 'suoqplai.. * . --
'ad,Q ,,te1n8at,,e paraprsuoJ sl
nIV ut pals{
ag o+ q8noua ]ueuodurr ad,Q .("rarrE dlrnbrlue ueuro5 ro >laarD o+ Ireq -lqJe lou paz,{pue aq }sntu sa \r:ä:-: *
pa)erl aq saurlauros plno) qJIqM 'uoplpeq ,{,rcra}H aplm e uo }uapuadap InJLIsI^a aq+ Jo +rnpord e se uaas r - - i
luarudola^ap d"repuo)as e sem uoll1perlTero rraq+ :]uepod*l ,{13ursrrd.rns -aJ leJnlJnJls pue Jllueuras -i; :lt -:
ag o+ ]no paurn+ sadd+ asaql 'sase) raqlo u1 'sdno.r8 )ruqla raqlo Suoure -rJISSep leuSololq ol snoSoleu: :;-- -
+slxa o+ puno, lou aJaM daq+ aJaqm saseJ ur ,{ressa)auun aq o} pa^o.rd +Jexa ue pauolsr^ua uollell]lssä--- I -
uaryo saddl ,,te1nBattr,, palle)-os ayI '+saq le Jrleuralqo"rd sem qIeV
ur (sra+lal ralleuls e uI palurrd a"raa,r. +eq+ asoq+) sad.ft ale+ reln8arrr pue +eq] sarl.radord aql se uol]luq : * r -.
- -
rep8ar uaam+aq uoqequaraJ}lp aL{I '(O\ZOnIV aurof,aq seq lggl qJev +ualuoJ uaamlaq tlsrn8ullslp u?-- *
'aldurexa "roy) auo zwau dlarrlua ue o+ aJeld pur8rJo slr uroJJ Jaqunu ad,Q e sF{} t{}lM '}f,ur}slP lou are saI-I:: *:
alolrr o1 ,,(ressaJau
lI sem saoeld lr,t.a; E
ul {1uO 'saTe}srur asat{} }no palurod pue Jllour uaeMlaq uor]lqlslp :"f "r I
a^eq (nUE) suaqr,L7w sap aryado14frzu1 aq] ur salrll.re aql 1o duehl 'aoe1d s{)olq Surppnq rrseq aq} a}nlp: -: ,- -- .: .-
luararllp e pau8rsse uaaq dpearle peq addl aures aql +eql Surzrlear +noqllm raqlo qrlq1\^ Ylluw saulturalap :: -- l
s3o1e1eo leuot8a"r ruory asaql ua>le+ peq uosdurorll 'uorlef,lldnp dres '+lun a^IleJJeu e q +I 't{f,Jeasal iEl:-- - -
-saJauun SutleaJJ 'are1d auo uet{} aJorrr ut pa}ou aJaM sad,,Q auros '8op1eo aQ o] ]l salqeua ]eql uollruHap :::
-: i
qIeV aq] uI 'Ja^auwoH 'pa8ueqrun ureurar srea,{ paJpunr{ auo ,{1reau "roy a8ueqJ e asne) ol UI8 rt8eru p sa::-. - -
asn uI uaeq a^eq ]eq+ sraqunu edÄl aq] 's8op1er ale+{lo} Fuor}eura}ur pue aSaL{} }o aaJq} IIe Jo uol}eulü LL..- I:
puor8ar pue plo dueul aq] Hllzw {+Ulqpeduor roJ paau at{} Jo asnerag ruoJJ aJeq pa+eJedas sr (luapLru-l *:- : .-
^aau
'sl leql) ap1 e Jo sluaurala aql rr- I * - '
8o7ary3 adfr1 aqt {o uoq)nusuo) aLtJ 'sa;ua8 pue 'spor.rad atuq 'sdno:*i -- . * - -
pue leuorlJunJ luaralJlp L{}l^rr Sa'--::::-
-uoqelal aql aqIJJSap ol sulral ili::::-
'un8aq r(11uarar ,,(1uo seq uoqrper] Jraql JoJ pazl.t+rtJ uaaq ualIo a..,E -i :
aAIleJJeu Jo uolle)IJISSeI) Jrleuralsds aq+ 'suor8al pue sarrlunoc dueur aq] se Jllour e Jo pue 'a,uleJJeu :;? --- ---
rog 'a8palmou>l alels
Jo luasatd aql sllalJer dla.raul ]ng '{8o1oapl f,rr}uar alp q8noq+lv'laallan. aq+ ]ua \u-r3-i ,--'. : _
-ouqla ,(ue o] ]ou anp sl ll 'I1JV aql olq sanuquof, af,uelequll sFIl araqM seq saddl a1e] aql roJ tuals-is 8ur:ir -* :-
'3o1e1er adft alel aql paleurtuop dllsn[un uor]lper] uead 'saldoad aleral1ll Jo salel letrio-.- --: -
Ieuoqeuralul
-orn[ '1sed aq] uI 'arnseald "lo 'dpn]s a8en8uel 'sasod;nd puor]e)npa roJ -uroJ aJe sa^IleJJeu asal{I 'aJIr?:f -
pear $looq repdod pue :
'satrrze8eu 'srepualeJ se qf,ns 'dlrrepdod 1o saa"r8 'sa8y a1pplhl a]el aq] +o alla-\Lru f *.
-ap snolre^ Jo $lrom IeJIrolsR{ sapnl)ur saJrnos ler}ua1od Jo }sI atll ueadoJng 's1sa[ )Iqerv Ie \alpa-* ::
'uop1peJl ur af,uepoduu slr pue 'uorssrursueJ] slT sarua8 dre;alll Jo saldtuexa JaL-- -
Jo ssaf,ord aq+ 'a?e s,a^qerreu aL{} Surpue}sJapun roJ ler}uassa sr }eq} uoqe relrurrs ro; pue dosay alueu aq- - -
TI uor+f,nporluJ 782 )CC ,BZ fCC
ff
12 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

mon structure. Sometimes the best solution has been to provide a sum- tales that belong to narrative cr-cle
mary of a single text as an example. tions. As a rule, only those are ii_-:
In the past, the list of subtypes was usually constructed ahisto rically, For types with a great number c,:
accordirg to some principle other than chronological order. Thompson's 1000ff., and 7960ff.), those vvith a:
ordering principles, and his practice of designating subtypes or types less common ones follow in a se.-
limited to restricted regions by using letters such as A, B, C,A*, B*, C*, or The rubric Remarks has be.
simply through * or **, are problematic. Here in ATU such notations have sources, and to convey informäti,--l
no consistent significance: the letters or asterisks are not necessarily in- extent of its traditiory or other di_.:
tended to represent either a separate type or a dependent subtype. Each a cycle. When they have been pui
description represents an independent tale Tpe that has been documented have had a continuous effect on :
among at least three ethnic groups or over a long time period. Only by tale's well-known sources are ci:.
using these criteria was it possible to incorporate new tale types with a bibliography.
significant traditional basis, without destroying the old numbering sys- The rubric Literature/Variants
tem. most cases, come the most impo:,
The titles of the tale types have been partly revised, and the descrip- logical order and international s -
tions of the plots have been completely rewritten and expanded. For refer- contain information about the tra,
ence, the former titles are also listed. There were many reasons for enlarg-
give important information abou:
i.g the summaries. Most importantly, it was necess ary to correct gendär reference is provided. Older \\-r_-l
biases in the charac terization of the main actors, and to be explicit about superseded by more recent resea:.
sexual elements and themes (in contrast to the general AaTh descriptior; In additiory catalogs such as Freeie
"obscene" ). In many cases, small mistakes or serious errors had to be
Marzolph's of medieval Arabic je,
corrected. The new Vpe descriptions have been written with the followi.g the whole range of the tradition.
principles in mind: The main characters, both active and passive, and their Then, on a new line, comes the
oPponents, must be named, and the tale's actions and objects and the tale type. This consists prima:i
especially its situation must be reco gnizable. The description of each tale for the various regions and ethnic ;
type is based on monographic studies and on the texts that have been many cases offer further informa:-
classified for the archive of the office of the Enzyklopädie des Mcirchens in References to additional texts aro
Cöttingen. In addition, the extensive concordance which this office has such regions, individual variants ,
developed, and which includes most of the national tale type and motif catalog. One criterion for listing ;,
catalogs, has been utllized. The description of each type offers a basic for a given region is listed when r:
summ at!, a minimal framework that iniluaes the tale''s central structure Italy, the catalog of Cirese / Seraf ^:
and contents along with its most important characters. Evidence of the references from all the earlier I.
tale's significant variation is also noted. Terms used alternatively in AaTh Rotunda). For ATU 300-451, ins:e
(e.g. ape ?s. monkey) have been standa rdized. Others have been changed
Aprile has been used, because ^:
because of a shift of meaning (e.g. ass has become donkey), and unclLar
Serafini. Other Italian catalogs are
language has been made more precise. been adopted or recognizedbv Ci:e
Motif numbers, which provide additional orientatiory have been listed primary catalogs are MNK and the
in the apProPriate places. For reasons of space they have not been repeated older catalogs of ]änos Berze Nu,g.,
in a seParate section. Only the most important motifs from Thompson's
Motif-Index have been noted, although obviously many more motif num-
bers with few references might be pertinen! along with others that are too
standards for inclusion. For ]apan i
it was integrated into Hiroko IkeCa
general to be of use for the analysis or description of tales (e.g. P600: document older literary sources ::
Customs).
themselves to oral tradition. Some ,
Under the rubric Combinations are listed the most important of the into different languages, and thu,
aql ro; sal)Iqa^ ]ueuod*l aureraq snt{} pue 'sa8en8uel }uaraJ}rp o}ul aq] ,o +uelrodun lsour aLI] Pa+sli ::: .
palelsuBr] araM sluelre^ raplo asaql Jo atuos 'uolllperl Iero o] sa^lasruaq+
lf,IJlsal leq+ s>lJouw ur pa+ou +ou aJe +eql saJJnos .,fueralll Japlo +uaurnf,op :009cI '3'") sale+ Jo uolldrrtsap :,-- : :
daq+ uaqm pals1 uaaq a^eLI sSople3 's,Epa>11 oäorrH o}q pale;8a}ul sem +r oo+ are +eql sral{}o tl}lm 3uo1e 'lua *-'- :
asneraq pallJ +ou sr 8op1ec s,rrag o8ra; 'uede{ rog 'uorsnllq ro} sprepue}s -urnu Jlloul aJour duetu ,ilsnor tql -: -
Jo +as +uaraJllp e pasn L{rll{zw '»I{N ur "readde }ou saop lerra}eru aq} s,uosduot{J tuoJ, sJl}our }uP}Jt-rc--- --
uaq&\ dpo pallr are Ä8rc,,{3 sofeT pue ,Ge11 azßgsoug{ 1o sSop}e] raplo paleadal uaaq lou aneq irtp af E,-i= .- I '
aq+ lrolourgcl so{y }o 8op1er eldulaxa aq} pue »NI I a.re sSo1e}e) dreurr"rd palsH uaaq a^eq 'uoqelualJo pLIr-I-,:::
aql. 't{,wßunH ro{ 'ap.rdy ro rur;eras / asa;r3 ,{qpazruSorar Jo paldope uaaq
]ou seq adfi e uaqm 't{1arct dpo pasn are sSopler uerle}I raq}O '1ulJeras JealJun pue '(da>1uop aurolaq s (: - . ' :
/ asarrf ul lelJalerrr at{} sa}eJodrocur }r asnef,aq 'pasn uaaq seq aprdy pa8uer{r uaaq a^eq sraq}O 'pazl:::: -
yo Soleler ]uarar arour aq] 'slr{} Jo pea}sq 'LgV-000 nIV roC '(epun}o5 qIeV ur dlaruleuJalle pasn sLLI-Ia' : r-
'o;8t111 o-I 'o)uoJV,C) s3o1e1er uerlell JarlJea aq] ile ruoJJ saJuaJalaJ aq+ Jo a)uapl^![ 'sJa])ereL{l JuE:* -- : --
aq+ sapnl)q +l asnereq 'lual)rJJns sr rurJeras / asarr3 yo 8o1elef, aq] 'Aln+I aJn+f,nJls IEJlua) s/alEl aq] sapli--- *. : :
roy 'aldurexa JoC 'sauo JarlJea o] sJalar ]l uaq^a pals{ sr uor8al ua^r8 e ro; f,rseq e sraJJo adft qrea +o uol: j .--- .'
auo lua)ar +sotu aq+ dpo ]eLIl sr sSolele) Suqsq ro; uorralrr) auo '8op1ec
Jpour pue adft ale] Ieuoqeu au: : - -'
seq arrJJo slql qrll{1v\ af,ueproru -- -- f -
aql aleplsod daql uaqm dpo pals{ are s}uerre^ Ienp1n1pq 'suor8ar q)ns
roc 'arnleralll pa]ll aq] uI punoJ aq o] arE s]xa] Ieuoqrppe o] saruaraJau ur suaq)t7w sap aryado14li;u1 au: :: :l
'(eare ;4srn8uq
Ieraua8 Jraql lnoqe uoqeurrolu raqunJ raJ1o saseJ .,(ueu uaaq a^eq leql slxal aql uo F1uä .: " :
ul t{rlt{a,r s3o1e1et) sdnor8 a8en8uel pue )ruq}a pue suor8ar snorre^ aq} roJ apl qf,ea Jo uoqdt.nsap aql 'al;.ä r -"*--
s8op1e) Jllotu pue add] paqsHqnd;o dpreurrd slsrsuor sF{I 'ad,Q ap} aq} pue slra[qo pue suol]f e s, ai?. = - -
Jo peards rrqde;8oa8 aql JoJ af,uapr^e aLIl sauroJ 'au{ ,vrau e uo 'r".{I rra{} pue'alISSed pue or\eJP L{loJ. .::-:
'uop1per] aqt;o a8uer aloqa,r at{} SuunolloJ aq+ Wlzr,t ua+llJ,\\ uaa\l ? *-? * '
raplsuoo daq] uaqm araq pals11 are 's1sa[ f,rqerv le^arpaur Jo s ,tqdlozrel4tr a9 ol peq sJoJJa snolJas Jo sa§:-. " -'
qrlrln pue 'elduraxa Jo s,qteqnl 'f )rraperg se qJns s8op1e) 'uorl1ppe uI 'uo4duJsap qJeV IEJauaB aql rr- -i:.:-
'alalosqo auof,aq a^eq ,(at1+ ual{rvr. ro t{Jreasar }uaf,ar arour {q p"pasradns
lnoqe lrcqdxa aq o+ pue 'srolle --.: -*
uaaq o^eq daq+ ueqm pallluo are $lrom raplo 'papl^ord sr a)uaralar .rapua8 l)aJJo) o1 d"ressa)au sp-\'^ - -
qJns drarra lou tanamoH 'aJnpnJls slr ]noqe uoqeruJolut ]uepodu4 anr8 -8repa JoJ suosea.r dueut ara-\! a:f - -
ro '(saf,Jnos pue 'pea.rds 'a8e sll) uoplperl aql lnoqe uoqeurJolur ureluof, -JaJaJ roC 'papuedxa pue uallH-'.'-:: '- :-
suoqetqqnd asaLII 'sluelJe^ Jo s.(anrns Ieuoqeuralq pue JapJo 1err3o1 -drnsap aLIl pue 'pastzra.r .i1uei *]::
-ouorllf, ul saJrnos leln{derSoflqlq }ueuod*l }sour aq} auror 'sasef, }solu
ut ts;t{ 'suol}ras a}eredas ozw} sura^o8 sluepen/arnlerallf rlrqnr er{I -s,,(s Sur;aqurnu plo aql 8ur-io:-sr: - -
,(qderSoUqlq e qllm saddl apl lwau alerod:rrr * - - -
aq+ ut pue aJaq surJa] Ieraua8 .4 ,(1uo pallJ are saJrnos u^aolr{-llam s,ale} dq r(po 'polrad ,*l] 3uo1 P ra.'-,, :
oq+ 'luaurdola^ap pue drolsrq s,ale] aql uo lraJla snonuquoJ e peq a^eq paluaunrop uaaq seq leql ad-\t a-: - - *
L{rlt{lvr suol}Ipa }uaraJ}lp {ueur q paqsqqnd uaaq a^eq,(aql uat{M 'ap^(c e qreg 'adftqns ]uapuadap P ro a:'-: '-
uI aJuaJJnf,Jo sll se qf,ns saJnJea; a^r]f,urlsrp Jaqlo .ro 'uorllpeJl sll Jo ]ualxa -q dllJessaJau lou aJe ${slJalsä : -- --
aq] 'ur8r;o Jo a)el d'aBe s,ale] aq+ lnoqe uoqeurJoJur ,(anuot o] pue 'sa)Jnos a^eq suoqelou t{)ns nIV ur aiai-r I ,-:
dre.ra1r1 ]ueuod*l alerrpur o+ pasn uaaq seq s{retuau )rrqnr a{I Jo '*J '*B '*V ')'g'y se L{lns stat-r, :
'umo rraL{} Jo aJuanbas e q ,vrolloJ sauo uoluuro) ssal sad,& ro saddlqns Surleu8tsar : -- r--
pue 'lsrlJ palSII are saldurexa +t13ra +seal +e qll1w asoq+ 'GJogoI pue ''JJ000I s,uosduot{J 'JapJo leuSolouolL-r *. -
'009 nIv'aldrrrexa "roy) suorleurquoJ Jo raqunu 1ea;8 e qllm sad,,fi rog ',{11elirto}sn{e pa}JnJ}suof -i11ens :. . :
'saldulexa aaJLIl +seal le u1 Jnf,Jo ]eql pals11 ale asoll] ,(po 'a1nr e sV'suoq
-eurureluoJ pue suoqeulqtuoJ ruJoJ ro 'sa1l,,b anqeJJeu o1 Suolaq +eLIl sa1e+ -urns e apmo.rd o+ uaaq seq
€I uor+Jnpor+ul 782 fCC vqz )tt
ffi,
tilf..
' i,. {S,gi
74 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

transmission of the tale. Even a catalog still unpublished (for example, for and text archive of the office of t:-,
Portugal) may list at least one older variant in its evidence. provided a solid basis for the ne'
The list of variants for reference is particularly important when there types. I am grateful to the Deu..,
is little or no bibliography for aparticular tale Wpe, or when the tale is con- demie der Wissenschaften in C.
fined to a very limited region. The classification of these texts was taken Science and Letters in Helsinki, ::
either directly from their places of publication or from catalogs, although assemble a small editorial staff: j
some of these attributions have had to be corrected. Many come from the Gudrun Schwibbe, and, to assist -,.
EM archive, which contains numerous international collections and also and student assistants, particuia
translations of tales from hard-to-read languages. Synchronic and dia- Nadine Wagner. In addition I :.
chronic considerations have gone into the selection of works cited. When colleagues and friends who cc:
no aPPropriate catalog was available, standard collections have been cited. provided valuable information a.:
Obviously, these can only be samples; unless a catalog has been created for ness to discuss difficult probler
a specific country, regiory or language area, it is impossible to tell whether various tale catalogs, was essen:l
a tale type is well known there. Often only one version is known, some- work. I thank ]urjen van der Kooi
times more, but whether many are known (for example, in the German indebted, and the following: Anna
language area, in which collection has been relatively intense) is impossi- (New York); ]osiane Bru (Toulou=
ble to say without a special effort. This is due to the lack of standardisation Camarena (Madrid); Isabel Car,j,
in the collection of narratives even within Europe; some catalogs or other Enrica Delitala (Cagliari); Dorote
sources that list variants include, for example, sub-literary versions from (Budapest); Hasan El-Sham\' (B.,--
magazines and schoolbooks, while others confine themselves to orally- Viera Ga§parikovä (Bratislava ): r,'
transmitted texts. (Turku); Lauri Honko (+) (Helsin,
The numbers of variants in each of the regions have not been reported (Sterup); Heda ]ason (]erusalem ,;
because the compilers of different catalogs have used different criteria for (Athens); Bronislava Kerbelr-te
inclusion. Users of these catalogs know how arbitrary and questionable Köhle r-Zülch (Gottingen); \tc,
such figures can be, because no guidelines or standards exist to prevent Kurdovanidze (Tbilisi); Reimu:.,
variants derived recently from printed sources from inflating the numbers. (Gent); Fumiko Mamiya (Tokvo,: i
The history of the use of such numbers alone has shown that their value Mieder (Burlington); Gorg Mifrr.
is severely limited. (Larminie); Withelm F. H. Nicoia
In many cases, the first publications for certain countries or regions gona); Toshio Ozawa (Tokvo); t
appeared not in the original language but in some other one, usually (Vaasa); Josep M. Pujol (Tärragona
English, French, or German. This reflects the conditions of research at the Röhrich (Freiburg); Leonardas j
time and is a by-product of the colonial environment that existed in the (Zurich); Sigrid Schmidt (Hilcle
past. Even when the text's authenticity has been compromised by trans- Rüdiger Schott (Bonn); Elisher-a
lation and the criteria for editing it reflect not that of the indigenous people Kawan (Gottingen); Anna-Leena :

but that of a foreign editor (which is also the case for many suppos"äly (Opole); Stefaan Top (Antwelpen ,;
autochthonous collections), it is important, on scientific grounds, not to Voigt (Budapest); ]ohannes Wilt,e :
overlook this early evidence.
The index that concludes this work attempts to document only a limit-
ed range of the tales' contents: their most important subjects, plots, and
motifs, including their actors and settings. Although it strives for com-
pleteness, this is in fact impossible, if only because many abstractions (e.g.
qualities and abilities) are not evident in the text.
It was possible to complete this catalog in a mere four years only
because support came from many places. Firstly, the substantial library
 ,{,rctqrl ler]ue]sqns ar{} ',i1}srl{ 'sa--:-:
dpo s;ead JnoJ alaul e ul So{E::-r -.
'B'r) suoq)erlsqe.,(ueur r-§Jr:T a-,-- :
-uror ro, sallrls ll .{8roq}ly 'sSu:--r:
pue 's1o1d 'spafqns ]uelrodtul ]s;'--. :
-+Iu11 e ,(1uo ]uaurnJop o] s]dua:::- '': .
'(sala8uv sor) uaqllM sauueqof 1(lsadepng) flon ol lou 'spuno;8 oryrluarfs uo ']uä-: -- : -
sorulr1 1(+sa,reqcnfl) n)saln)la1 eullplp3 l(uadramluv) dof ueeJa+g 1(a1odg) dlpasoddns duerrr JoJ asel aql tr>-:j -
sapruourls ealoro6l 1(HulslaH) ele{lls EuaaT-euuv l(ua8ul+}gD) ueme» aldoad snoua8pq aq+ Jo let1+ }ou *- r _:.
rae[oqs aur]sln{f !(eyey1) plaJraoqrs e^aqsrlE 1(uuog) }}oqrs .ra8rpny -sueJl dq pasrurordruo) uaaq spI '-:.--
1(lrnrqsuul) raprauq)S o8ul l(urratlsapllH) +p1tur{rs plrBIS :(qtrm7) aq+ uI palslxa +eq+ +uatuuorl \ua .:-."' -
(+) epuaq)S JIopnU 1(snrupl) e>lnes sepreuoa-I 1(Srnqlary) qrrrt{g5 aq+ +e qf,Jeasal Jo suolllpuof aul >:--: .
z+rr-11(r»urslaH) eeursne5 esuT-o»lrr4 l(euo8er;el) tofrra '6 daso{ l(esee^) dlpnsn 'auo Jaqlo auros ul ]n-. f : r:
rapod pleraD 1(e8rg) sup>1e4 srlunD 1(o,(>1o1) e*rczg oF{sol 1(euo8 suor8ar Jo sarJlunoJ ureuaf ro: . * - ,-
-errel) Iotro aurre3 1(uaapraqv) uasrelorlN 'H 'C rulalillM 1(arunrrre-I)
uueuraal{ ploreH 1(epa11e1) dorrrq3 pns}lI\t Sroj 1(uo18ullrng) raparl4I anp^ Jlaql leq] UzWOLIS SeL{ slltr':i .:li
Sue8yloM 1(ua8ul+lgD) qdloztel4I r{rlrln 1(od>1o1) e,,(rurel4l o1rurng 1(+uaD) 'sJaqtunu at{} Surlegur ruo4 sal-rn:- ::
xoT EpuIIreH 1(ua8rag) puelapl^» punrula5 1(lsUlqf) azp:nre oprn» lua^aJd o+ +srxa spJepuels Jo sa*.-f :
zetnl;rrlal 1(eueflqnh) [ador;1 eTruoIAI 1(ua8ul]]gD) q)I.z-ralqg» alqeuoqsanb pue {rerlrqre -\\ou_ ..'- -- *
sauJ 1(arruan) pq» a{lrln l(snrupn) ?}r(laqra» e^elsruorg l(suaq}V) roJ erJalrrf, ]uaJalJrp pasn a-\PL{ s: _ -:- --
Dleulrle» elanouel4l 1(n1re1) nrpl olsTy 1(urapsnraf) uosef epaH 1(dnralg) papodar uaag lou a^eq suorEa-: r - - -
Mossa6-qrlrqnH elnpunD 1(nryn1i TIutslaH) (+) oluoH rrneT 1(nryn1)
uauerraH unD 1(uuog) SrssraH raqlleM 1(enelsllerg) g^o»redpe3 erar1 -,(1pro o+ sa^lastuaq] aur+uof s-l-- --
1(lauuaH) raqrslC lnurlaH l(uofunuoolg) duleqs-lg ueseH 1(lsadepng) ruoJJ suorsJan,(reJaill-qns 'a1ir-::=', . -
"
(+) rglgurg6l so{y 1(er;og) e,r,a;qoq efaloroq 1(rre1Sef) ple]rlaq e)rrug Jaqlo ;o sSo1eleJ aruos ladornf *. 1-
l(uofunuoolg) qBpO epulT l(oreg) so8rp"ref Iaqesl 1(plrpel4tr) euarerue3 uoqesrprepuels Jo IJel aL{} o} an: .. - _
olnl 1(;nq3) ra18rg-plounrg elnsrn 1(asnolnoJ) nrg auerso{ 1(>1ro1 z.vraN) -rssodtul sl (asualur .(laaqplar u]3r. . r
rarulaq8pog ans 1(srre4) solnodola8uv Erruy :Sura,rolloJ aql pue 'palqapul ueurJaD aq+ ut 'aldurexa Jol i u-'.'- -- *-;
,(lpnadsa ure I ulor{zvr o1 '(ua8uruorD }o) Ioo» rap ue^ uaf-rn{ luet{} I )ro^ -auros 'umou>1 sI uoISJo.,\ auo -i'* -- *:-
sF{} }o uollaldurol In}ssaf,)ns aq} o} Ier}uassa sem 's8o1e1ef, ale} snorre^ raqlaqm IIat ol alqlssodtul sl ]l '?r:: ::
Japlsuof,al ol pue 'luaura8uerre ;o stualqo"rd llnlrJlrp ssn)srp ol ssau roJ palearJ uaaq seq 3o1e1ef p ssr- ..r -.:
-8.rllltm rlaql 'sadrfi ap1 relnrllred lnoqe uoqeurrolu alqenle^ paprrro.rd 'palp uaaq a^eq suoq)allol Llrpla -::t: -
pue suoqsanb ,{ur paJamsue .,(1pnur}uo) or{,ln spuarJJ pue san8eallo) uaqM'palp »lro,^v\ Jo uoqlalas 3*- _ - *
dueur tuorJ dl".l alqeraprsuor pa^ra)ar I uoplppe uI 'rau8e14 aurpeN -elp pup JruoJr{rudg 'sa8enSu'a- : =:-
pue tzlrrq)S erlad 'lplrut{ls e{luuv,{1re1ncrlred 'sluelsrsse }uapn}s pue oSIe pue Suol]f,alloJ IeuoqPtLlalu. :: -
€raqploD aullslrt{J 'uoqelsue4 a{} H}lrrn }srsse o1 'pue 'aqqlmq)S unrpnD aL{} urorJ auroJ ,{ue6 'pa}laJrol f J. - -
pue 'uueulrqPc plrSls 'a8e1sulc aqqes :JJels Iprrolrpa lleuls e alqurasse q8notl+p 'sSo1ele) urorl ro uoqär:-i.:-
ol aur palqeua slqJ 'poddns lerrueurJ roJ 'l{urslaH ur sra}}aT pue af,uar)S ua>le+ se1l/I slxa+ asaq] Io uotlprF:>.: _-
;o druape)V qsruurC aq] pue 'ua8ur]+gD ur uaryeqJsuassrM rap arurap -uo) sI a1e+ aq+ ual{^ ro 'ad-\l ail'r ::j- :--
-e{V aq} 'Ueqrsulaura8s8unqlsroC aq)s}naq aLI} o} In}a}er8 ure 1 'sad,{1 aJaq] uaq^ lueuod*l .,i1:e1rnu*: j -
ale+ Ieuoqeuralul aq+ Jo suorldrnsap lvrau a{} roJ srseq pllos e paprno.rd 'af,uapl^a sll ul lu?:: _ . :
ua8url+gD ur suaLptpw sap aryudo14frzu7 aql Jo arrJJo ar{} Jo a^Rpre }xa} pue ro; 'aldurexa roJ) paqslqndun li:-. :
9I uorlJnporluJ ?82 fCC vBZ )tt
 FFC 284

ANIMAL TALES Kecskem6ti /Paunonen 1974;Tatar l'"

7974; Nenets: Pu§kareva 1983,6I; 'r.
16; Georgian: Kurdov anidze 2000; \ 1:
WILD ANIMALS 7-99 7907,273f .; Indian, Sri Lankan: Th.-,:
7978, Nos. 1*, 1A*; Korean: Chol , -
The Clever Fox (Other Animal) 1-69 Japanese: Iked a 1977, Nos. 7, l*, 1--i
III; Spanish-American: TFSP 18 (191:
No. 1*; Costa Rican: Robe 7973; i'*,
1, The Thtft of Fish. (Including the previous Types 1* and 1**.) A fox South American Indian: Hissink H
'
(hare, rabbit, coyote, jackal) lies in the road pretending to be dead. Nos. K341.2, K341..2.1.; Mayan: Pei a .
A fisherman throws him on his wagon which is full of fish (cheese, 1,89f.; Argentine: Chertudi 1960i.1 \,
El-Shamy 2004; Liberian, Ghanai a:: :

*TJ:t iä?i ii:l1 iffi :?;#",Itr flJ:rrtäfi l'ffi :,:;

A wolf (bear, fox, coyote, hyena) tries to imitate this and pretends
Arewa 1.966, No. 2930, Klipple 1991 :
7989 II, No. 400; South African: C,-.c
to be dead, too. The fisherman catches him and beats him [K1026]. 7989 II, No. 400, Klipple 7992.
Cf. lipes 56,4., 56F, and 56A*.
In some variants one animal (rabbit, fox) pretends to be dead in L* See Typ. 1.

order to distract a man who is carrying a basket of food. Another

animal (fox, wolf) steals the basket. (Previously Typ" 1.*, cf .lip" 1_** See Typ" 1.

hole in the basket so that the contents fall

31?.,&U#jtffi:i.:a 2 The Tail-Fisher. A bear (\..-,-
of fish. He asks him n'here
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other was fishing with his tail t|-:
types, esp. 2, 3, 4, 8, 1,5, 21,, 41, and 158. to do likewise and the L.ea
Remarks: Documented 1178 in the Roman de Renart (I,1-151, Y,61-720). A hu- out of the ice (because me:
morous episode in a cycle of animal tales. The second part of the tale is often place. He runs awa), but .e.
missing from variants from northern and eastern Europe.
Literature/Variants: Krohn 1,889, 46-54; Dähnhardt 1907ff .IV, Z2s-230,304; Bp II, Combinations: This type is usualli' ; -
116; Schwarzbaum1979,480-484;EM 4 (1,984) 1227-1230 (P.-L. Rausm aa);Dicke/ types, esp. 1,3, 4,5,8,75, 47, l5S, a:
Grubmüller 1987 , No. 226, cf. No. 3L9; Dekker et al. 1997 , 55f .; Schmid t 1,999. Remarks: Documented in 1178 in ti.=
Finnish: Rausmaa7982ff.V, Nos. 1-6; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1977f.I, No. 1; episode in a cycle of animal tales. Ä-.
Estonian: Kipp ar 1986, Nos. 1, \*; Livonian: Loorits 1,926;Latvian: Aräjs / Medne have short tails.
1977, Nos. 1,1*; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1,999ff .I; Lappish: Kecskemdti/Paunonen Literature/Variants: Krohn 18E9, l:
1974, Bartens 2003, No. 7; Wepsian, Wotian, Lydian, Karelian, Syrjanian: 111-117; Thaarup-Andersen 195-1; - -
Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974; Swedish: Liungman 1,961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; 430, 480-484; Dicke / Grubmüller 1;:
Irish: Ö Sriitleabhäin / Christiansen 1963; French: Delar ue lTenöze 1964ff . Iil; 1999 ; EM: Schwanzfischer (forthco :-
Spanish: Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff .I, Gonzälez Sanz 1996; Basque: Cama rena f Finnish: Rausmaalg12ff .I, Nos. l--
Chevalier 7995ff. I; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. K371.1, Oriol lPujol 2003; Estonian: Kipp ar 1986; Latvian: Arä'.
Portuguese: Vasconcellos / Soromenho et al. 1963f .I, Nos. 7, 8,2A, Cardigos (forth- anian: Kerbelyte 1999ff .I; Lappish :
coming), Nos. \,1*; Dutch: Schippers 1995, No. 435; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: No. 1; Livonian, Wepsian, Wotiar, -
Meyer 1968, Nos. 1,1*; German: Moser-Rath 1964, No. 188, Tomkowiak 1993,216, Paunonen 1.97 4; Swedish: Liungn.. : :
236, Kooi/Schuster 1994, No. 239, Hubrich-Messow 2000, Berger 2001; Italian: Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson , *l
Cirese lserafini 1975; Corsican: Massignon7963, No. 90; Hungarian: MNK I; French: Delarue lTenöze 7961fi. ini
Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1,991f.I, No. 1,22; Slovene: Brinar 1904,49ff.; Rumanian: Portuguese: Camarena / Cher.alie: - .

Schullerus7928; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek Megas 1978, Nos. 1,*1.A; Polish: Krzyäa- 7995, No. 462; Frisian: Kooi 19E4a: ,
nowski1962f. I; Sorbian: Nedo 7956, No. 1; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: German: Moser-Rath 1964, No. 1SS -
SUS; Turkish: Eberhard lBoratav 1953, No. 5, p.415f., Alptekin1994, No. IY.64; No. 239, Hubrich-Messow 200C, 5:
Jewish: Jason 7965, Noy 7976; Gypty: MNK X7; Ossetian:Bjazyrov 1.958, No. 1; Hungarian: MNK I; Czech: Dvoiäk i -
Cheremis / Mari: Kecskemdti / Paunonen 7974; Chuvash: M6 szäros 1.912, No. 42, I, No. 122; Slovene: Brinar 7904,39tt -
lagg :uerre8lng :gZ6t snrallnqrs :uerueurn5 1'J,6 t, 'V06I reurrg :aualol S :ZZI'oN 'I '27'oN 'zl6LSorgzsgN :t{se \nlil ;_: -- -
'IL66Ig^o»redFnD :uerxel ols lV LAZ'oN' gL6TIg{o^C :qraz3 1t »Xru :uetre8unH 1I'oN 'g961 rtotÄzefg:ueqasso:I \. )_'..;',
:gZ6t rurlerag/asarr3 :uerlell I1OOZ.ra8"rag '0002 MossatrAI-LlrrrqnH '6€Z 'oN :Vg'tlt 'oN 'V66T ur>1a1dlv ''IgIF 'c : - .'.
'V661ralsnqls/loo) '9TZ'€,66I {elmo)uloJ, '88I 'oN 'V961 q}eu-rasol/d :ueurreD :uerureqn'uerssnrolang'uetssng . -'
lZtOt 1rode1 :uoolleM lggOt ra{ayq :r{sruralt:e7g6I loo» :uersrrC :Z9V'ol{ '9667 -ez,{ztS:qsrlod lVI* 'I 'so\,sjr,I i:l r,'.
s"raddrqrs '€V61 aq8u1uuls :r{)}nq ll'JIgOeI rarle^aqf f euarcure3 :asan8npocl :uerueurn5 1'JJ6V 'V061reulrg :au?.'^ ---- ::
'anbseg 'qspeds lggg 'oN '€66I rllareJlf 'III 'IyV96I azQua;lanrelaq :qruarg 1t »Xft:uerre8unH :06 'o\ 'E9r: * - -:
: : : : :uerlell :1OOZ
ra8rag '0002 -\\ossal',\- --r - i
eg A uasuerlslrllf l ulgqqe alllps O r{s rr I 6Z6I uos sura^S )rpuelar l lVg 6t uetu^{11
:asaoraet!Vg6I aupo11 :uer8amroN ltgO1 ueur8unlT :r{srpamS lV16I uauouned '9LZ't661>lerMo>luroJ'88I 'o-\ 'F: - --: -
/I+gruaTsla» :uerue[rdS 'uer1a;e; 'uelpr{T 'uer1o14 'uersda14 'ueluonIa!I 'oN :r{srurag,le7g6l loo) :ueIsIU 1:gf ',:'-..,4 j:,-
'0002 suaueg 'VL6I uauouned,ll+gura{sf,a) :qsrdde11l'11666I ?}r(laqra) :uelue -r{}.roy; so8rp.re)'02'g'l 'so\ 'I 'l!.: -- ': '-
-nqllT :vgegt* 'oN 'i)'Z 'oN 'lL6l aupal/d ls[prv:ueIA]E-I!9861 reddr» :ueruo]sg :OOOZ lo[na/lopo 'I'TL€» 'o-\ i:: . ::
1Z 'oN 'I'yLI6I ueulTreH :qsrpams-r{sruuq:6-Z 'soN 'I'llzg6l eetusne5 :qsruulC : '_
f euarctue3 :anbseg :gOOt zuPS z?-.,:r*
'(Sururol{Uo}) raqrsUZUeMLpS :I trE :eOOt :11 '1fi961 azQual / anrelag :qru?: - j -
lp$rt{rs 1'Jgg 'L66I'le }a ra>pla6 :VZZ 'oN 'Lg6T rallnurqnrD / a{rtC :VgtOgV '0€V :Vg6taupoH :uer8amroN :196l uE'---i -- --
'6L6T l:urreqzremq)S IV1OZ'oN '696I r{)Eqn;-.Vg6I uasrapuv-dnreeql nt-Wt : :uerue[rdS 'uetlare; 'uerp-i1 'u?.: -- '"'-
'II clg lVOt,'SZZ-6TZ'LI'ttL06L +prequqgq !9V '68gI urlor) :sluurren/arnleralrT uauounedl I+guraTSJa) :qsrd,Cel : ::.:.- .
'slle+ uor{s a^eq aupalN/ sfgrV :ueIA]E -I !926I s]g..,r - :
sreaq d.{^ ureldxa o1 pua8al prrSolor}e ue osfi/ 'sele} Ierurue ;o ap{f, e ur aposrda 1I 'o5l 'I'!LI6I ueutpeH :L{slpa-'.i!:--:
snorournH v '@tS-tlt'il} +,LUuaü ap uawoy aql uI qLII ul paluarun)o6 :s{retuay '666I lp1urt{rs 1'J99'L66I'lP i3 -?"''r -
0L6r pue 'B9I 'TV 'gr'g'g'v 't '1 'dsa 'sadd1 /a{otO 1(eeusne5'T-ä) OeZi-_; - -: .
raqlo arour ro auo Jo saposrda Hlluwpautqtuoc .,(1pnsn sr adft sF{I :suorleurquro3 'II clg lVOe'\1Z-qZZ'L|lll06l lpr?'- i - -- :
'adornlu-?-:-::*:
'16gI addJ 'Jf '[tZOt»] pr+laq 1r.e] srq sa^Eal ]nq.,(eane suru ap1 'ace1d uaryo sr alel ar{} Jo lred puola. - -: r a
ur uazory sl ll '(ulp{ Surxoe}}e are sSop ro uaur asneraq) acl aq} Jo }no
Ee] sH ilnd ol sarr+ reaq aq+ uaq6 'saop reaq aq] pue asrMaIII op o+
Jaqlo aJour Jo auo Jo saposrda +i',.. : r - :
reaq aq] sasppe aH 'arr aql q aloq e q8norq] I1e+ sH r{}lm Surqsr; sem
aq ]eq] sarlda.r xoJ aq] pue 'urar{} +q8ner aq araqan u4H s>lse aH 'qsl} Jo
peol 3lq e lq8ner seq oqm xoJ e slaaur (noar) reaq V 'nLlslil-l?ry aW Z
.
[[eI s+ualuo) aq] +eqt os ]aIseq a;j -' I
'I adr(I aas addl 'p '*1 addl ,(1snor-\ard -r -': r j
**I raqlouv 'pooJ Jo +a{seq e Sur-'' --:-- : .
'1 add; ur peap aq o+ spualard (xoI '1J{r:: : -
aas *I
'LSZOI»] IrlILI sleaq pue uF{ saur-rI -:-
'266I alddrpl '00V'oN 'II 6g6I
spualard pue sHl alelrurr o] sa: -. -= * r -
lpprr{rs '186I reelaqqorD 'L96I 'le ta aaz}ao3 :uef,rr}V q}nos :O1V 'oN 'II 6g6I 'lt'Z'If€»
+pprrlrs :uerqlueN :ZOOy alddrly :asauepns:2661 alddrl»'0062'oN 'gg6Temarv 'Z'TVt»l uaqi ral:: * . :
:uerrrlv +sei1 :Z'We» 'oN 'Z86I pleuoqrel4tr :uereuey3 'uelraql-I IVOOZ duleqg-13 aql Jo ]no qsIJ aq] s1v\orl{} \LrJ^ 3 -. -
:ueqdd8g.:tgOI sramolg :sarpuJ +saM 1II 'oN 'I'j0g6l lpngaqf :auquaSrv !'$gt 'asaaqo) qsU Jo IInJ sl t{)H^u uoi E '."- : -
'996I olaN-oqle^re3 :ueden8e.re4 IZOOy esolega4 :uer(ehl 1I 'Z'M»'Z'lVEÄ 'soN 'peap ae ol Surpuala.rd peor ar+ *. .I .
'
'266I neauotrtls / +raqp14 Lte 'ol{ '196I uL{eH / lurssrH :uerpul uef,rraurv q}nos xoJ V ('**I pue *1 sad.,(1 snol-\a: j : -- :
1g**I 'V**I 'soN 'Lg6I uasueH :uef,rll opand lUeI aqo5 :uef,r5 elso3 1*I 'oN
't,L6T aqo5 :ue)rxahl !'JJ€€Z (Eg6I) SZ ^lJlLl GV6I) St .ISCI :uef,rraurv-r{sruedg 1111
'IJü961azQuaI/anrelaq :uef,rraurv-qtuarC lV*I '*I'T 'soN 'lL6l epa{I :asauede{ G9-T (leturyv
lryrc'616I raqres :uerpoque) !*I'oN '616I lorlf :uearo» l*vl '*I 'soN 'gL6I
3111 :asaun{) 1*I 'oN '096T spaqoy/uosdtuoyl :ueTueT IrS 'uerpul !rc,t2'1067 66-1 5lk ,'.-
raneuel{ :ueruqsaled :OtOt z)ur.lo-I:uerlo8uol4tr :OOOZ azptue^opJn» :uer8ro aD :gI
'oN'p'gT'TI'OL'V'Z 'soN 'L961 sr8.rE:+n>le^ !Lg'tg6l elare)§ncl:slauaN :Vrct
uauouned,l llgura>lsf,a» :>1ed1o1 'ueruriprolAtr 'te1e7:vt6l uauounecl/l+grua>lsra) sf-IYl -
IT saleJ lEruruv 782 fCC
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.tr**r:':sqry
 Hans-Jö Uther FFC 284

Greek: Megas 1978; Polish: Kapelu s lKrzyLanowski 1952 No. 1; Sorbian: Nedo 2B Basket Tied to Wolf's Ttil,
1956, No. 1; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard f Boratav
1953, No.5, Alptekin 1994, Nos. IV.64,Y.86;Jewish: Noy 1976; Gypry: MNK Xl;
would like to catch some :
Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, Nos. 2, 3, 6; Cheremis / Mari: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen from his tail. The n'olf .i;
797 4; Chuvash: M6 szäros 1972, No. 42, Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Tatar, Mor- * i : :'
dvinian, Votyak: Kecskem6ti lPaunonen 7974; Nenets: Pu§kareva 7989, 67; *:',',ä,'Jl? ii"'retrr.
Siberian: Doerfer 1983, Nos. 32,S1;Yakut: Ergis 7967, Nos. 2,3,4,5,15; Tadzhik:
STE No. 277; Mongolian: Llrincz 7979; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Iranian: Combinations: This type is usuall,, :
-
Marzolph 7984; Indian: Bodker 7957a, No. 787, Thompson/Roberts 1960; types, esp. 1, 4, and 5.
Chinese: Ting 1978; Korean: Choi 7979, No. Z1;Japanese: Ikeda 7971, Nos. Z, ZK, Literature/Variants: Thaarup-An ;.
Inada f Ozawa 1,977ff .; US-American: Baughman 7966; French-American: 722; Schwarzbaum 1979, 482; Dics.
Delarue / Tenö ze 7964ff . III; Spanish-American, Mexican: Robe 1973; African French: Delarue lTenöze 7964ii.III a
American: Dance7978, No.B; AfricanAmerican: Dorson 7967, Nos. 77,1,2; Puerto Chevalier 1995ff.I, Gonzälez San z'-:
Rican: Hansen 1957; South African: Coetzee et al. 1967, Grobbelaar 7987. Vasconcellos / Soromenho et al. 19,: -: :

Schippers 1 995, No. 460; Hungar: a:

2A Torn-Off Tails (previously The Buried Tail). (Includirg the previous PaasonenlRavila 7938ff.IV 836ff . >_:
lipu 64.) A fox (jackal, wolf) who has been tricked into losing his tail
asks his companions to tie their tails together. When they run away 2C See Typ" 2D.
suddenly, they pull each others' tails off . The men (animals) in
pursuit cannot tell which fox they were chasin g, because now there 2D The New Tail (previousl..
are many foxes without tails [K1021.1]. Cf. TypeTB. (Includirg the previous T-.
In some variants a fox who has lost his tail in a trap tries to con- out of flax (hemp) to rep.a,
vince other foxes to have theirs cut off. Often, he does not succeed to jump over a fire. Thus ::
[1758.1, cf . J341^ 1]. (Previously'Wpe 64.)
burned). (Previouslv Tr-:=
The fox tells the ivolr-, --'

Remarks: The previous Type 64is anAesopic fable (Perry 1965,424No. 17). it only burns faster. The r..
Literature/Variants: Cf. Tubach 7969, No. 297; cf. Schw arzbaurn1979,39Z not.4f.; In some variants, the ,
Dicke/ Grubmüller 1987, No. 271., cf. No. 174; Schmid t 7999;EM: Schwanzlose have a new tail welded .-I
Tiere (forthcoming). viously Type 408".)
Estonian: Kippar 1.986, No. 64;hish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963, No. 64;
French: Cifarelli1993, No. 432; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier lggsff.I, No. 64; Combinations: This type is usuallr ;:
Portuguese: Fontinha1997,Bgff., Cardigos (forthcoming), No. 64;Dutch: Schippers types, esp. 2, 4, and 5.
1995, No. 450; German: Tomkowiak 1993,21,4; Italian: Todorovi(-Strähl lLurati Literature/Variants:
1984, Nos. 2, 6; Hungarian: Dömötör 1992, No. 419; Serbian: Djordjeviö/ French: Delarue lTenöze l96Lii. Ir-
MiloSeviö-Djorcljeviö 7988,9ff .;Bosnian: Kraus s 1974, No. 99; Rumanian: Schullerus Chevalier 1995ff.I, No. 2E; Catalan: ::
1928, No. 76*; Greek: Megas 7978, No. 64; tJkrainian: SUS, No. 64; Turkish: 7932,*2A; German: Haltrich 1gE5, l- :
EberhardlBoratav 7953, Nos. 3,29IV Jewish: Jason 1965, No. 64*A, Noy 1976, 2D, cf. No. 2C*; Slovene: Matiöeto.,, -:
Nos. 2A, 64; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1960, No. 47; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 20b0, No. No. 3; Bulgarian: BFP; ]ewish: Jasr-,: _

64; Syrian: El-Shamy 20A4; Palestinian: Hanau er 19A7,275ff., El-Shamy 2004, No. Canadian: Delarue lTendze 7961ü. I-
6aA§;]ordanian: El-Shamy 2004,No. 6aA§;Iraqi: Nowak 7969,Nos. 4, 2L,30, El- 7964ff . r[.
Shamy 2004; Saudi Arabian: Now ak1969, No. +; Qatar: El-Shamy 2OO4,No. 6aA§;
Iranian: Marzolph 7984; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Nor. 2A, 64; Sii 3 Simulated Injury (prer-io .:.
Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Indonesian: Vries 7g21f.II, 4Og, No. 88; West
Indies: Flowers 1,953; New Zealand: Kirtley 1977, No. K1021.1; North, African,
his head with a milkr : *
Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 6aA§; Tunisian: Nowak 1969, No. 31, El-Shamy cream) o. dough and it:.-"
2004, No. 6aA§; Algerian: Frobenius 1927ff .III, Nos .2,17, Nowak 1969, Nos. 9,2i, badly injured that his b:.-
31, El-Shamy 2004, No. 6aA§;Moroccan: Laoust1949, Nos. 12D,22, Nowak, Nos. K18751. Cf. Typ"r B, Zt.
27, 30, El-Shamy 2004, No. 6aA§; Tunisian: Stumme 1900, No. 27; Sudanese:
Kronenberg/ Kronenberg 1978, No. 54, El-Shamy 2004,No. 6aA§;South African: Combinations: This type is usuallr- r,_
Coetzee et al. 1967, No. 64, cf . schmid t 1,989II, No. 494. types, esp. 1, 2, 4, 5, 15,90, and li.

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 FFC 284

Remarks: Rarely an independent tale, usually followed by Rp" 4. Documented Combinations: This type is usuail,. ..
in Estonia in 1817. types, esp. 7, 2, 3, S, 75, 90, 94, 11 , ;-
Literature/Variants: Krohn 1889,54-SB; Dähnhardt l9o7ff .rv,24Z; EM: Schein- Remarks: Documented as a Hunga:-
verletzungen (forthcoming) (C. Goldberg). an independent tale.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1,9\2ff . Y, Nos. 4, B, 10, 11, 27, vI, 292; Finnish-swedish: Literature/Variants: Krohn 18g9, r;-
Hackman 1977f.I, No.3; Estonian: Kippar 7986, No. 3la;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 779; HDM 2 (7934-40) 297 (H. Die.,., e
1977; Lappish: Qvigstad 7927ff .III,3ff .,11; Wepsian, Wotiary Karelian: Kecskem6ti / Schmid t 1999.
Paunonen 7974; Swedish: Liungman 7967; Irish: Ö Sriitteabhäin/Christiansen
1963; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff . I, Gonzälez Sanz 1996; Catalan: No. 3; Estonian: Kippar 1986, No. j
Oriol / Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1,90}ff . II, No. 9L2, Cardigos (forth- Kerbelytö .I; Lappish: er-ies:a.
1.999ff
coming); German: Lemke 1884ff. II, No. 44, Behrend 1.91.2, No. +; fadinian: m6ti / Paunonen 1,974;Swedish: Liu: .
Danuser Richardson 1976, No. K1875; Italian: Anderson 1g27ff . III, No. 64, III; Spanish: Camarena / Cher-ahe:
Cirese lserafini 1975, De Simone 1994I, No. 42a; Hungarian: MNK I; Czech: Camarena / Chevalier 1991ff . I; Ca:a..
Nedo 1972,274ff ., Sirovätka 1980, No. 39; Slovakian: Polfvk a7923ff .Y, 192, 1.g1f., 7900ff.II, No. 312, Cardigos (forthco:
Ga§parfkovä 1997f . I, No. 722, II, No. 572; Slovene: Kosi 1894,58ff.; Serbian: No. 74, Hubrich-Messow 2000, Beri,
DjordjevlölMilo§evi6-Djordjeviö 7988, Nos. 1,2; Croatian: Plohl Herdvigov 7868, dinian: Rapallo 7982f.; Hungariar-
No. 115f.;Macedonian: YraLrnovski 1977,Nos. 1,2,3, Öepenkov/Penusiiski 1989 Sirovätka 1980, No. 39; Slovakian. C
I, No. 11; Rumanian: Karlinger 1982, No. l9;Bulsarian: BFP; Greek: Megas l97B; Slovene: Brinar 7904, l7ff .; Serbian: E
P_olish: Krzyäanowski 7962f.I; Sorbian: Ned o 1956, No. 2a; Russiary Byelärussiary =
Stulli 7975b, No. 62;Bulsarian: BFir; r
Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberh ard lBoratav 7953, No. 5, Alptekin t99+, No. IY.64; Ukrainian: SUS; Polish: Krzy2anLr\\ ]..
fgwish.Ngy 1976; Mordvinian: Kecskemdti/Paunonen t§f +; Yakut: Ergis 7967, Turkish: Eberh ard lBoratav 1 953, \,: .
No. 4;Tadzhik STE No. 11; Mongolian: Lörincz1.979; Georgian: Kurdoianidze Cheremis / Mari: Kecskem6ti / paun.-:
2000; Laotian: cf. Lindell et al. 7977ff .II,67ff.;lapanese: Ikeda 7977; Polynesian:
Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; NIo r.i ,. .
Kirtley 1971, Nos. K522.1, K1 875; Spanish-American, Mexican: cf. Ro-be l97Z; Ergis 7967, No. 4;Tadzhik: STF, \.,s
Mayan: Peflalosal99Z; Argentine: Vidal de Battini 198Tff., No. 439;Cape Verdian: Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2OO0; In.i -.
Parsons 1923b I, Nos. 21,, 24. Lindell et al. 7977ff .II, Bgff.; Spanish--:
manian: Robe 1972; French-Ameri ca :
3* The Wolf Supplies Food fo, the Fox (previously The Bear Throws 7953, Hansen 1957; South American l:
Hens to the Fox).A fox convinces a wolf (bear) to go into a hen house Mayan: Peflalosa 1992; Chilean: Han
=.
(stable) and throw the chickens (lambs) out to him. Then the fox tells No. Z27;Argentine: Chertudi 1960f ii
the dogs and they attack the wolf. The fox runs away taking the cf. Nowak 1969, No. 31; Algerian: E..
chickens with him [K1 022.3). When he meets the wolf iater, th; fox Sierra Leone: Klippl e 1,992; East A::- .
pretends that he has been attacked worse than the wolf. Sudanese, Congolese: Klipple 1991: ).
African: Coetzee et aL.796i, Nos. { i:
Literature/Variants: 434.
Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f .I, No. 3,3; Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e 7977; Portu-
guese: Cardigos (forthcoming); Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: Grimm KHM/ 5 Biting the Tree Root (pre...,_-
Uther 7996II, No. 74;Hungarian: MNK I; Spanish-American: Rael 1gS7II, No. tiger) chases a fox (heron :_:
379. get free the fox pretenCs -.:
mouttr, so the wolf lets go :
4 Sick Animal Caruies the Healthy One (previously Carrying the lK543l. Cf. lyp. t2ZL-.
Sham-Sick Trickster). A fox tricks an injured wolf (bear) into caffy-
him on his back [K1 247] by pretending to be injured himself Combinations: This type is usuallr- ci::
1"S
[K1818]. While he is being carried, the fox says, "The sick animal types, esp. 1, 2, 3, 4, S, IS, 97, 41, 6b t,
carries the healthy one" ("The one who was beaten carries the one Remarks: Also told with human äctu-::
who was not." ) When the wolf asks about his chant, the fox changes Literature/Variants: Krohn 7BBg, 6 r-t _:

the words around or threatens the wolf (by saying that d ogs are
Mackensen); EM Z (7979) 42SJ2E r\t -
Finnish: Rausmaalg1zff. V, Nos. ir :
chasing them). Cf. Type 72. 7917f .I, No. 4; Lappish: Kecskemeri :
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22 Hans-]örg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284 ^11 ., -

Norwegian: Hodne 1.984; Spanish, Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.I; Cata- 1; Argentine: Hansen 1957, Vidal ;.
lan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; French: Delarue lTenöze 1964ff .III; German: Berger 2007, Algerian: Nowak 1 969, No. 29, El-ih ::
No. l;Hungarian: MNK I; Bulgarian: BFP; Albanian: Camaj / Schier-Oberdorffer No. 562; Malagasy: Haring 1982, \tr: l
1974, No. 48; Greek: Megas 1,978; Polish: Krzyäanowskilg62f. I; Ukrainian: SUS;
Turkish: EberhardlBoratav 1953, No. 6, Alptekin \994, No. II.4; Pakistani: 6* Animal Captor Talks irith )
Thompson / Roberts 1960; Indian: Bodker 1957 a, No. 675, Thompson / Roberts Wolf Catches a Goose). -{ :..
1960, Jason 1989; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting 7979;
chicken. The fox asks the ,,.. : ..
Malaysian: Overbe ck 1975, 237; Indonesian: Vries 1925f . II, 399 No. 1; Filipino:
Wrigglesworth1993, Nos. 35,39;African American: Baer 1980,39f .,1,54; Mexican:
and the goose is able to fl', :
cf. Robe1973, No. 92*B; Dominican, Puerto Rican: Hansen 1957; South American fox, but the fox ans\lrers rr-i::
Indian: Hissink/Hahn1961, No. 339;Brazllian: Alcoforado I Albän2001, No. 1;
Chilean: Flansen 1957; Argentine: Hansen1957, Chertudi 1960f.I, Nos. 1.,2,II, Literature/Variants:
Nos. 2,3,9; Algerian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; Guinea Bissau: Klipple 1992; Italian: Cirese I Serufini 1975; HunEa:.:
East African: Arewa1966, No. 2251,71, Klipple L992; Sudanese: Klipple 7992,81-
Shamy 2004; Central African: Lambrecht 1,967, Nos . 7250, 2257,5; Congolese: 7 The Three Tree Names (pre'. -:
Klipple 1,992; Namibian: Schmidt1989 II, No. 522; South African: Coetzee et al. Abear (wolf) and a fox \\-äicl
7967, Nos. 5,41c, Grobbelaar 7981, Schmidt7989 II, No. 522. The fox wins because the br"
same tree. The fox names ::.
6 Animal Captor Persuaded to Talk. A fox (jackal, wolf) catches a nounced more quickl)' [\r -
chicken (crow, bird, hyena, sheep, etc.) and is about to eat it. The In some variants the de-. .
weak animal asks a question and the fox answers. Thus he releases
the prey and it escapes [K561.1]. Cf. Typ.r 20D*,1,22A,722C, 1228*, Literature/Variants: Krohn 1889, t r-- -

227, and 227*. (1999) 7175-71,77 (V. Amilien).

Finnish: Rausm aa 7982ff . V, Nos. 1 Fl
Combinations:56A, 67. 7977f .I, No. 6,II, No. 208; Estonian: K,::
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,525f . No. 562a). Also documented between wegian: Flodn e 7984, Kvideland Se: :
1174 and 7202 in the Roman de Renart (II,353-459, XVI,533-637). 7900, Nos. 68-82, 324, 633, 634; Geri:-.::-
Literature/Variants: Chauvin1892ff .II, 200 No. 39;BP II, 207f.; Pauli /Bolte 1.924
II, No. 743; Peders en lHolbek 7967f .lI, No. 776; Schwarzbaum 7969, 1,27 No. 1;
Schwarzbaurn1979,80 not. 10; Dicke/Grubmüller 1987, No. 187, cf. No. 179; 8 False Beauty Treatmenf tp:.
Marzolph 1992II, No. 1720;Adrados7999ff.III, Nos. M. 175,M.348, M.495, not- (Includirg the previous Ti-;.. .
H.260; Schmidt 1,999; EM: Überreden zlrm Sprechen, Singen etc. (in prep.). painted the birds. The bear -... .,
Finnish: Rausm aa1982ff .V, Nos. 13-17,39; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 7977f .I,
warns him that it will hurt - :
No. 5; Estonian: Kippar 1,986; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte
and lay wood over it. He t,=.
1,999 ff . I; Lappish: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 1.97 4; Irish: Ö Sriitteabhäin / Christian-
sen 7963; French: Delarue lTenöze 1,964ff .III, Cifarelli 7993, No. 449; Spanish: fire. The bear is burned r \,. r--_.
Camarena/Chevalier 7995ff.I, Goldberg 1998, No. K561.1; Basque: Camarenaf In some variants the tc' '
Chevalier 1,995ff. I; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. K561.1, Oriol/Pujol 2003; bear (wolf, lion, goat, posj,.:
Portuguese: Oliveira1900ff. I, No. 120, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Schippers make him more beautiful c':
7995, No. 434; Flemish: Meyer 7968; German: Tomkowiak 1993,212, Berger 2001; red-hot stones, drenchirre h-:-
Italian: Cirese / Serafini 7975; Sardinian: Rapallo 7982f .; Hungarian: MNK I; or tail [A2377 .72), or puttin: .
Serbian: Eschker 1,992, No. 53; Bulgarian: BFP, No. 61.; Greek Me gas 1.978; Llkrain- (Previously Tip. 8A.)
ian: SUS; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, No. 9; Tadzhik: STE Nos. 16, 34, cf. No. 211;
Georgian: Kurdovanidze2000, No. 6**;Jordanian: El-Shamy 2004; Oman: Nowak Combination s: 7, 2, 5, 6, B* .
1969, No. 29,El-Shamy 2004; Iranian:Marzolph 1,984; Indian: Bodker 1957a, No. Literature/Variants: Krohn 7BB9, 6T-: -_

60"1,, Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting l978;Vietnamese: Karow 1972, No. 7922b,385-390; Schmidt 1999; EN,t: Sc: -
147; Japanese: Ikeda1.971; Spanish-American, Mexican: Robe 1973; Puerto Rican: Finnish: Rausm aa 1982ff . V Nos. li-__.
Hansen1957, No. 6**A; South American Indian: Wilbert/Simoneau 1.992, No. Hackm an7977f .I, No. 7; Estonian: Ki:: -:
K561.1; Ecuadorian: Carvalho-Neto 1966, No. 1; Chilean: Pino Saavedra 1987, No. *45*;
Lappish: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen - ,
7897, 337ff .; Spanish: cf. Camarena La.: --

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 FFC 284

German: Preuß L91,2, t7f.; Russian: SUS; Ukrainian: Hnatjuk1,909f. I, No.31.8, Remarks: Parts of the tale are also doc'-;
Lintur 1972, No. 30; Jewish: Noy 1.976, No. 8A; Dagestan: Chalilov 1.965, No. LL; of the dividing of the harvest.
Cheremis/Mari, Chuvash: Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974; Siberian: Doerfer 1,983, Literature/Variants: Krohn 1889, 9, --
No. 30, cf. Kontelov 1.95 6, 235f .; TJzbek: Afzalov et al. 1963I, 26ff .; Tuva: Taube Schmidt 1,999; EM 10 (2002) 599-60r
1978, No. 7; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000, No. 8B*; Indian: Bsdker 1,957a, No. tätigkeiten (in prep.).
!74, cf. Nos.775,180,210, ]ason 1989, No.8A; Chinese: Ting 1978, Nos.8,8B; Finnish: Rausm aa 1982ff . V, Nos. 9 :+-
Korean: Zaborowski L975, No. 79, cf. Zöng7952, No. 69;Yietnamese: Landes
1,886, No. 44, cf. Karow 7972, No. 1,4L; Indonesian: Vries L925[.II,402 nos. 72-74; 13ff ., cf . II, 259f ., 261ff .; Karelian: Ke;...
Hawaiian: Kirtley 1.971., No. K1013; Eskimo: Barüske 1991., No.70, cf. No.69; Swedish: Liungman 1,961,, No. 9AB; \--:
North American Indian: Thompson 1929,352 not. 271,; US-American: Burrison Süilleabhäin / Christiansen 1.963; Fre:.::
1989,86f .; Spanish-American: Robe 1973; African American: Harris 1955,507ff.; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995f: -
Mexican, Guatemalan: Robe 1973; Puerto Rican: Hansen 1,957; South American Basque: Camarena / Chevalier 1995r: -
Indian: cf. Karling er f Freitas 1.977 , No. 41,; Mayan: Peflalo sa 7992; Peruvian: cf
. Oriol / Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Soronr.:
Hansen t957, No. **67F;Argentine: Chertudi 1 960f. I, No. 77, Karlinger / Pogt 95, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: \
1,987, No. 37; East African, Sudanese: Klippl e 7992; Namibian, South African: 7955, No. 437 a, Ranke 7966, No. l; i:"..
Schmidt7989II, No. 713; Malagasy: Haring L982, Nos. 2.3.8,2.3.8.A, Klipple 1992. Simone 1,994, 564ff .; Sardinian: Ruf.a -. -

8* The Fox Trades the Burned Bones of the Bear fo, Reindeer. A fox Polivk a 1923ff . IV, 1,64ff .; Serbian: c: .
YraLinovski 7977, Nos. 4, S;Bulgaria:: :, :
gathers the burned skeleton of a bear and puts it in a sack. He rattles
9A,98; Polish: Simonides 1979, No. l;-
the bones as if they were money and trades the sack for a reindeer
Alptekin 1994, No. II.17; Jewish: Ia=,: :
(horse).
Bjazyrov 1958, No. 4; Abkhaz: Bgaz::
Paunonen 7974, Nos. 9, 9B,9C; Sil.er,;:
Combinations: 2, and 8.
L, 7967, No. 3, cf. No. 255; Tadzhik: STF \
Literature/Variants: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 9A,98; Indian: c:
Finnish: Rausmaal982ff.V, No. 8; Estonian: Kippar 1.986; Lappish: Kecskem6ti/ Nos. 9, 9C;Burmese: Htin Aung 195{, l-
Paunonen 1.974, Bartens 2003, No. 1; Chinese: cf. Ting 7978. -[ar,,
Lankan: Thompson / Roberts 1960; :
Overbeck 1 97 5, 229 ; French-Ameri ca:.
8A See lip. 8. TFSP 9 (1937) 1,53ff .,12 (1935) 1 6f ., t4 - :
7935, L6f.; Puerto Rican: cf. Hansen 1;:-
\
9 The tlnjust Partner. (Including the previous Types 9A, 98, and 9C.) 9B;Argentine: Chertudi1960f.II, \t i
A fox (jackal, monkey) and a bear (wolfl hedgehog, crab, bird) work Basset 7897, No. 79,81-Shamy 2004, \ - .
their land together and agree to share the profits. While the bear 9, 9 A, 9B; Guinean, Congolese: Klir: . =
2004; Namibian: Schmidt1980, No. 1,,- :.
threshes the grain in the barn, the fox rests, saying he has to support
Grobbelaar 1981., Nos. 9, 9A, cf. Schn-.,;
the beams in the roof so that they will not fall on the bear [K1251.1].
(Previously lyp" 9A.)
When they divide the harvest, the fox takes the grain and gives
9A-9C See lipe 9.

the bear the bigger pile of chaff [K171.7]. When their harvest is
ground at the mill, the fox's share sounds different from the bear's
10*'(* TheFall ouer the Edge (pre\ -,-
(wolf, man, devil) sleep ii i,
[K171.2]. (Previously Typ" 98.) Cf. lipe 1030.
pushes his companion o\-e: ::
When the fox's grain is cooked it looks light, but the bear's looks
dark. In order to convince the bear that all the grain tastes the same, 1K891.5.1, K891 .5.2).
the fox secretly takes a spoonful from the bear's dish and pretends
Literature/Variants:
it is from his ownlK471l. (Previously Type 9C.) Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Serbian: Filir -
In some variants the animals have a race to determine who gets No. 19; Tuva: Taub e 1978, Nos. 3, ;, ::
which part of the harvest. Cf. Typ"t 275A-C. American: Robe 1973; Algerian: El-Sha:-..
Shamy 2004.
Combinations: This type is usually combinecl with episodes of one or more other
types, esp. 7,3, 4, 75, and 47A.
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 Hans-]ö Uther FFC 284

15 The Theft of Food by Playing Godfather (previously The Theft of Klipple 7992; South African: Coetze=
Butter [Honeyl by Playing Godfather). A fox (cat, jackal) and a wolf II, Nos . 402, 404, Klipple 1992.
(bear, mouse) live together. The fox pretends that he has been in-
vited to be godfather at abaptism (invited to a funeral or wedding) 15* The Fox Entices the \\,ol.i 1
but instead he secretly eats up the butter (honey) that he and the vious Typ. 15**.) This rr.:
wolf have stored. This happens again (three times). When the wolf about a fox who entices :
asks him the name of the baptized child, the fox makes up names eat it himself [K341].
that reflect the diminution of the stored food lK372l.
When the wolf discovers the butter is missirg he accuses the fox, Literature/Variants:
who denies having taken it. The fox proposes a test to determine Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 191;f. I ),,
who took the butter: both of them will lie in the sun and after some 7977 II, No. 85.1; Catalan: Neugaar;
15**; Greek Megas 7978;Syrian: E1-S:.,
time the butter will melt and appear. While the wolf sleeps, the fox
Simoneau 1992, No. K34l; South -{::.
smears butter on him and thus "proves" his guilt [K401.1].
< -**
I5 See Rp" 15*.
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other
types, esp. 1,2,3, 4,5,34, 47, 47A, and 270.
Remarks: Parts of the tale appear in late additions to Roman de Renart. 20 See Typ" 20A.
Literature/Variants: Krohn 7889,74-81,;Dähnhardt 1,907ff.Iy,241-242;Bp I, 9-1,3;
Roberts 7964, 15-18; EM 5 (1987) 7217-7224 (C. Lindahl); Schmid t 1999. 204 Animals Caught in a pit E,
Finnish: Rausmaa7992ff.V, Nos. 27,28;Finnish-Swedish: Hackman lg77f.I, No. mals are Caught in a pit ,.

9; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Livonian: Loorits 1926; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; ber of animals (fox, n-oi:
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff .I; Lappish: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 1974, Bartens mouse) go on a journe)- r a :
2003, No. 1; Wepsian, Wotian, Karelian, Syrjanian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 7974;
fortunes. They try to junrr-
Swedish: Liungman 1961,; Norwegian: Hodne 7984; Faeroese: Nym anl9B4, Ice-
_

\30,1308, and 270.

landic: Sveinsson 1929; Scottish: Bruford/MacDonald 1994, Nos. 3a,3b;Irish: ö
Stiilleabhäin/Christiansen 7963; French: Delarue lTenöze 7964ff .III; Spanish: When they gro\\r hun::
Camarena / Chevalier 7995ff . I, Gonzälez Sanz 7996; Catalan: Oriol / Puiöt 20OZ; amongst them *itn the u:..
Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff . II, No. 263, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Sin- est, who can howl the lon:.
ninghe 1943; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 7968; Walloon: Laport 1932; Thus all the animals are .:.:
German: Tomkowiak 7993, 235, Kooi / Schuster 1 994, No. 204, Grirnm KHM / and wolf) remain or onlr ::
Uther 1996I, No. 2,Hubrich-Messow 2000, Berger 2001;Italian: Cirese/Serafini
1975; Hungarian: MNK I; Slovene: Brinar 1904,2}ff ., Bolhar 7974, 107ff., 117f .; Combinations: 20C, 21, 7g6A*, 151 .
Macedonian: Eschker 7972, No. 10; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928; Bulgarian: BFP; Literature/Variants: Krohn 1889, S i-*
Greek Megas 7978; Sorbian: Nedo 7956, No. 3; Russiary Byelorussian, Ukrainian: Finnish: Rausmaalg12ff.V, Nos. lg _:

SUS; Turkish: EberhardlBoratav 7953, No. 6; Jewish: Jason 1965, 1988a, 1926; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 7977, L-::-
Haboucha 1992; Ossetian:Bjazyrov 1958, Nos. 5,6; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ti/ Lappish: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 19, l
Paunonen 1974; Chuvash: M6szäros 1972, No. 40, Kecskem(ti/Paunonen 1974; 7974, Nos. 20, 20A; Karelian: Kec=.,
Mordvinian, Votyak: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 7974; Yakut: Ergis 7967, No. 7, cf . Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963, \., -
No. 5;Tadzhik: STE Nos. 78,327; Georgian: Kurdovanidzö ZOOO; Oman: El- B1f ., Cardigos (forthcoming), No. .i_-,: i:
Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960; ]apanese: Ikeda 1977; French- No. 4};Hungarian: MNK I, Nos. I l
Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 7964ff .III; US-American: Burrison 1989, 94, 155; Öajkanoviö 1929, No. 2; Croatian: 8,,--
French-American: Ancelet 1994, No. 1; Spanish-American: Robe 7973;African 7966I, 773f .; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek l. I

American: Dorson 1967, Nos. L-4, lViacDonald L982, No. K401.1; Dominican: russian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: E:.
Flowers 1953; Puerto Rican: Flansen 1,957; West Indies: Flowers lgSZ; Cape 7975, Noy 7976, No. 20; Dagestan: Ci-,,
Verdian: Parsons 7923bI,66 not. 7,359 not. l;Egyptiary Algerian: El-Shamy 2Oöa; Nos. 5,7;Abkhaz: SakrytIOZS, \o. ^l
Moroccan: Laoust 1949, No. 72,Bl-Shamy 2004;EastAfrican, Sudanese: Kronen- 7974, Nos. 20,20A; Mordvinian, \ o:,. ,
berg / KronelbelS 7978,No. 24, Khpple 1992, El-Shamy 2}}4;Eritrean: El-Shamy DZ,alilaet al. 7989, No. 158; Kazakh: S :
2004; Central African: cf. Lambrecht 1967, No. 550,6-9, Klipple 1,992, Congolesö: 7959, No. 11; Kalmyk, Buryat: Lorrr.:-
2000; Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004, \
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28 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 aFC 284

Mexican: cf. Robe, No. 20*F; West Indies: Flowers 1953, No. 20; Moroccan: Basset He asks them to sing and .
7897, No. 83; Burkina Faso: cf. Schild 1975, No. 64. 20c).
Often the fox pretenJ
20C The Animals Flee in Fear of the End of the World. (Including the Other animals (chicken, .
previous Type 2033.) A chicken (cat, mouse) is frightened by unut with him. The fox asks tc
(acorn, leaf) that falls on its head 1243.3) (tall), or another animal is sins which are characten:
frightened by unoise (a fart) 1118121. The chicken thinks this is a sign the fox eats them as a pu:
of an approaching war (the end of the world, the sky is falling In some variants the :.
down), and flees in panic together with the rooster (they go to teIl has become religious an-
the king about the disaster). They meet other animals (e.g. goose, dresses as a nun [K22S]-.
hare, dog, bear, wolf, fox) who come to share their fear and go along sins (his polygamy) an.'l
with them. rooster comes neal the fc
The misunderstanding is cleared up, or the animals fatl into a pit Of, the rooster escar
(see TVp. 20A). In some variants they arrive at the fox's den. The fox Tiper 1738, 165.
invites them inside and eats them (see Rp" 20D.).
Combinations: 20A.
Combinations: 20A, 21, 65, 130, and 2010IA. Remarks: The first episode is concerr
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1907ff .III, 19; Bp I, 237; Wesselski 193 Z, 19; HDM last episode is documented betrr-e"
2 (1934-40) 185; Schwarzbaum 7980, 274; EM 6 (7990) 707f .; EM: Tiere fressen (Branche VII).
einander (in prep.). Literature/Variants: Kirchhof / Oe s te
Finnish: Rausm aa1982ff .V, No. 23; Estonian: Kippar 7986; Latvian: Aräjs /Medne baum 7964,786 No. 61A; cf. Tubach -
7977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö7999ff .II, No. 2033;Wepsian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen Dicke/Grubmüller L987, No. 2Zj; El.
1974, Nos. 20C,2033; Norwegian: Hodne 1,984; Danish: Grundtvig 1.876ff .I[, Danish: Grundtuig 7854tr. I, »3f .; Spa:
21,ff ., Kristensen \896, Nos. 177-182, Kuhre 1938, No. 13; Scottish: Campbell Karlinger f Laserer 1980,No.56; Catair
1890ff. IV No.4;Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 7963, No. 2033; fn[lish: Chevalier 7995ff.I; Frisian: Kooi 19!
Briggs 7970f . A II, 51'.5f ., 576f ., 531,, 532f .; Spanish: Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff . I, 7993,212, Berger 2001; Italian: Crane
GonzLlez Sanz 1996; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Braga 7987 I,236f ., Karlinger 1973b, Nos. "1.5, 2l; Slor-ene:
Cardigos (forthcoming), No. 2033; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Mey er 1968, Nos. No. 53; Macedonian: To§ev 1954,151r
20C,2033; German: Hubrich-Messow 200A; Italian: Cirese lserafini 1975; Hun- 7989 I, Nos. 8,9; Bulgarian: BFP, \.-
garian: MNK I, No. 20C, MNK IX, No . 2033; Slovene: Matiöetov 1973, No. 24; 7978, Nos. 20D*, 67A; Polish: Krzr-za:
Bosnian: Preindlsberger-Mrazovie 1905,57ff .; Bulgarian: BFB Nos. 20C,2033; 20D*, 61A; Byelorussian: SUS; L-k:.
Greek: Megas 1978; Russian: SUS; Turkish: EberhardlBoratav 1953, No. 20; Eberhard lBoratav '!.953, 41,5f .; Jerr-is:
Gypty: MNK Xl; Ossetian: Britaev lKaloev 7959,79f .; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti I Kurdish: Hadank 7926, l69ff ., \\ en: z,
Paunon en 797 4; Ostyak: Stein itz 7939, 133ff .; Kazakh : Sidel'nikov 1958ff . I, 181ff ; . 395, cf. No. 354; Georgian: Kurdo', ,
Tadzhik STE, No. 365; Mongolian: Lörincz1,979; Georgian: Kurdovanidze2000; stinian: Fadel 1.978, No. 2, El-Sham.,-
Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004; Tibetian: Kassis 1,962, 86f .; Chinese: Ting 1,.978; Iranian: Marzolph 1.984; Indian: Ta;
Cambodian: Gaude s 7987 , No. Australian: Baughman 7966, Briggs 1970f .A II,
3; Shamy 20A4, Nos. 20D*,61,A;Aleen=
532f .; North American Indian: Konit zky 1963, No. 36; IJS-American: JAFL 46 J6sus 1974, No, 12.
(7933) 78; African American: Harris 7955, 794ff.; South American Indian:
Hissink/Hahn7967, No. 348; Mexican: Robe 7973; Cubary Puerto Rican: Hansen 2l Eating His Outn Entrails.
1957, No. 2033; Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 20C,2033; Guinean, EastAfrican: and a wolf (bear, hog, tige:
Klipple 1992, No. 2033; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 20C,2033; South African: The fox has concealed uni.
Coetzee et al. 1967.
eye) of an animal that he :
them. He tells the wolf tha
20D* Pilgrimage of the Animals (previously Cock and Other Animals
his own entrails [K1025, K,
f ourney to Rome to Become Pope). (Includi.g the previous Type
he dies.
67A.) a rooster wants to go to Rome in order to become pope
18296.1]. His wife accompanies him, along with more and more Combinations: 15, 20A, 20C.
other animals. They meet the fox, who invites them to rest in his den.

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 Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Remarks: Documented in 1847 in Finland. Often in combination with other ani- Tenöze 1,964ff .III; Spanish: Camarena
mal tales. Catalan: Oriol / Pujol 2002; portugues.,
Literature/Variants: Krohn 1.889, 84-89; Tubach 1,969, No. 2172;EM 3 (1981) 1244- No. 20, Cardigos (forthcoming); Germa:
7246 (Ä. »omötör). Serafini 1975; Hungarian: cf. MNK i )
Finnish: Rausm aa 79l2ff .Y, Nos. 30, 37, VI, No s.292, 293; Estonian: Kipp ar 1986; 1992,65ff .; Greek: Megas 1978, No. j., .
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne7977, Nos. 21,21*; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö7999ff.-I-,Nos.21, Barag 1966, No. 100; Ukrainian: SUS:Io,
21*; Wepsian: Kecskemdti lPaunonen 1974; Norwegian: Hodne l9B4; Spanish: 30A*; Abkha z: Bgaäb a 1.9b9, 95f ; Che:= .
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff .I; Frisian: Kooi79B4a; Cerman: Grannas 7gs7, Nos. Kurdish:Druäinina 1959,9f.; Bun-at: L
78, 40; Hungarian: MNK I; Bulgarian: BFP, Nos. 21, *27**; Greek: Megas 7978,
_-

30, cf. Nos. 30A*, 308*; Iranian' .f. tf a:z

Nos. 21,21*; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SIS, Jewish: Jason 7ÖfS, Noy Vietnamese: Karow 1972, No. 111; \fa-,
1976; GyPty: MNK Xl;Abkhaz:BgaLba1,959, g3f ., §akryl 7975, No. 12;Karachay: et '1,897
cf . Bass , No. 82, cf . Laoust 19+y
Lajpanov 1957,53ff.; Cheremis/Mari, Mordvinian, Votyak: Kecskem6ti f Pauno- 1992; South African: Grobbelaar 19Sl
nen 1974; Kurdish:DL,alila et al. 1989, No. 757, cf. No. 158; Siberian: Doerfer 7982,
No. 31; Ostyak: Gulya 7968, No. 72;Kazakh: Sidel'nikov 7gSBff.I, 181 ff.;Kara-
Kalpak: Volkov 7959,59ff .;Tadzhik STE, No. 369; Kalmyk: DZimbinov lg19, B1ff .;
31, The Fox Climbs from the pit r

Buryat, Mongolian: Lörincz 7979; Tuva: Taube 7978, Nos. 7,75; Georgian: Kur- into a well and cannot get ou:
dovanidze2000; Indian: Tauscher 7959, No. 5T,Thompson/Roberts tö60, ]ason (wolfl goat,bear) to come d.-,
1989; Tibetian: O'Connor 7906,lff.; Chinese: cf. Ting 1978; Laotian: cf. Lindell et they will be able to get out, rh
al. 7977ff . I, 39ff ., II, 50ff .; Indonesian: Vries lgr;f . II, 400 No. 16; Eskimo: climbs up on the wolf's L.a-,
Menov5öikov 1958, 26f .; Algerian, Moroccan: Et-Shamy 2004; South African: mocks the wolf and does r,
Schmidt7989II, No. 4OB; Malagasy: Haring 1982, No. 2.3.704, Klipple 7992. lK652l.

21* See Type 21. Combination s: 20A, l27B* .

Remarks: Aesopic fable (perry 196i. l:,.
23* The Fox (Man) Induces the Wolf (Bear) to Impale Himself. A fox de Renart (XYII,1-138), in ca. 1205.
challenges a wolf (bear) to jump over a stake. The fox notices that the Literature/Variants: Peders en I Holb,ei
184; Schwarzbaum 1979,55S, 55E nü-
wolf jumps sideways, so he shows him how he shoutd jr*p straight
Schmid t 1999; EM 11,2 (2004) 608-615 , L
forward. Thus the wolf becomes impaled on the stake. Tha fox täl1s
No. 47.
him he should make an effort to get off, which causes the wolf to be Finnish: Rausm aa 1982ff . V,No. 33; Fi::"
stuck even more firmly. Estonian: Kippar 7986; Livonian: Lr-1,.-I
Lithuanian: Kerbelyte lgggff . I; Lap:::
Literature/Variants: 7984; Irish: Ö Sriitteabhäin / Christians=:
Hungarian: MNK I; Serbian: Kar adLiö 7937, No. 50; Croatian: cf. Bo§kovid-Stulli Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. K652; Ca::
7963, No. 2; Chuvash: Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974;Siberian: cf. Doerfe r 7983,No. Schippers 1995, No. 429; German: \eu:
55; Qatal, Eritrean: El-Shamy 2004. 271; Hungarian: MNK I, Nos. 31,31A- S
Yraäinovski 1977, No. 10; Bulgarian: B::
30 The Fox Tricks the Wolf into Falling into a Pit.A fox (hedgehog, pig, ian: SUS; ]ewish: Noy 1,976; Gypsy,: \lo;=
57f .; Palestinian, Iraqi: El-Shamy ZOO+; Ir. j -

fiTf
or,
*tTj' ffi f{##ff r x

the fox lures the wolf into a concealed trap.

:}i:Tr; ä: *x; : +il: Roberts 7960;Vietnamese: Landes lESo \
59f ., Overbeck 1975, Z4Z; Indonesian:
Parsons 7923a, No. 155II; Algeria:
,,,':

Jungraithmayr 1.981, No. ZB; Zimbäbrr-er,

Schmid t 1989II, No. 510.
Combinations: 1, 2, 3, 4, and 47D.
Remarks: Documented in a Hebrew fable of Hai Gaon (ggg-7038).
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 7979,552f .; EM 77,2 (2004) 608-618 (L. Lieb); 32 The Wolf Descends into the I\-t
cf. Mar zolph lYan Leeuw en 2004, No. 47. in the Other. A fox (hare, 1-".
Finnish: Rausm aa 1982ff . V No . 92, VI, No . 295; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman because he is thirsty (is fleei;r:
1917f .I, No. 11; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e 7977; Lithuanian: wolf into coming down) and .,
Kerbelyte 1999ff .I; Irish: O Sriilleabhäin / Christiansen 1 963; French: Delar ue (jackal) to get into the other
I L.u,
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to the top so he can get out [K651]. 197 6, No. 45, cf . Bsdke r 1957 a , \ ;,
Often men find the wolf in the well and beat him. ilawaiian: Kirtley 1,97I, No. K522; S,-- .
1992, No. K522; North African: Bas=.
Combinations: 34. >hamy 2004; Tunisian: Nowak 19f -
Remarks: Documented in a Hebrew fable of Rashi de Troyes (1040-1105), then in 1387, No.8, Nowak7969, Nos. 9, 31 :
the 12th century in Petrus Alfonsus, Disciplina clericalis (No . 23). Also docu- +f, El-Shamy 2004; Chad: jungraitir:-
mented in 1178 in the Roman de Renart (IV 7178). \o. 7735, Klipple 1992; Sudanese, C.
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1 892ff . III, 78 No. 57; BP III, 1 92f ., IV, ZZA; Iauss
1.959,128-1,32;Pedersen/Holbek1961f. II, No.l97;Shukry 7965;Bercovitch 7966; 1a*
JJ See Type 41.
Tubach 1969, No. 5247; Schwarzbaurn 1979, 550-553, 556 not. 9; Dicke/
Grubmüller 1987, No. 223; Dekker et al. 7997, 270-212; Adrados 1999ff .III, No. M. 33** See Type 41.
500; Schmidt 7999; EM 11,2 (2004) 608-678 (L. Lieb).
Finnish: Rausmaa1.9B2ff.V, No. 34;Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I, No. 13;
Estonian: Kippar-7986; Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 7974; Swedish: Liung-
34 The Wolf Dioes into the l\,
man 7967; Danish: Kristensen 7896, No. 52;Icelandic: Boberg 7966, No. K6S1; previous Typ e 348. ) A ',.. ;
Irish: Ö Sriitleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarve lfenöze 1,964ff. III, reflected in water (a n-e1i .
Cifarelli1993, No. 342; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1,995ff.I, Goldberg 1998, lying under the water. Fie
No. K651,; Catalan: Neugaard 7993, No. K651, Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: animal (the fox) persuä.ic
Coelho 1985, No. B, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Schippers 1995, Nö. 464; 7336.
Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Kooi / Schus ter 1993, No. 207; Flemish: Mey er 1968; German: In some variants the a:-
Tomkowiak 1993, 21,5f.; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975; Hungarian: MNK I, to get some cheese that he
Dömötör 1992, No. 42A; Czech: Dvofäk 7978, No. 5247; Slovene: Brinar 7904,42ff .; =,
plugs him with a stopp€:
Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas 7978; Ukrainian: SUS; jewish: ]ason 1975, Noy
removes it when ther- co:-
7976; Gypty: MNK X1; Iranian:Marzolph 7984; US-American: Burrisonlg}g,
94f ., 155; African American: Dorson 1958, 767f .; Mexican: Rob e 7973; Brazllian:
34F..) Cf. Typ" 1147.
Karlinger/Freitas 7977, No. 55; Chilean: Hansen 7917;A1gerian: El-Shamy 2A04;
Moroccan: Laoust 7949,3 No. 1, Topper 1986, No. 45, El-Shamy 2004; South Combinations: This type is usuallr- c,--:
African: Coetzee et al. 1967, Schmidt 1989II, No. 544. types, esp. 1,3,4,5,8,75,92, 47, 19, :*
1 530.
Remarks: Documented by petrus -{-:
33 The Fox Plays Dead and is Thrown out of the Pit and Escapes. A fox 72th century. The variant with the .-i:.
(often together with one or more other animats) is caught in a trap
(pit) and cannot get out. When the hunter comes, the fox pretends t-o Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 19r_ , ::
be dead [K522]. The hunter takes him out of the trap and, thinking 191; Wesselski 79ZSb; cf. Schn-arz.
he will not move, lays him down. The fox runs away. Cf. Types 1, Schwa rzbaum 1979, 22 not.11, 550-r r
105*, 233A, and 239. Dekker et al. 1,997,210-212; cf . Adra;
Other animals try to imitate the fox's trick and pretend to be im Wasser (forthcoming).
dead, but the hunter is not fooled a second time. Finnish: Rausm aa1-,982ff . V, 194; EStt-: .

Medne 7977, Nos. 24,348; Swedish: _

Combinations: 41,105. No. 348; English: Baughman 7966: F:.
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 7979, 348, Cifarelli 1999, No. 242; Spanish: C,
273, 367; EM 77,2 QOAI 6A8-618 (L.
Lieb). Gonzdlez Sanz 7996; Basque: Can-..:
Finnish: Rausm aa 7982ff . V, Nos. 30, 35; Estonian: Kipp ar L986; Latvian: Aräjs / Catalan: Neugaard 1999, No. I77g1.j l
Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff .I; Karelian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen
1,974; Irish: Ö SAineabhäin/Christiansen 1963; Spanish: Cam arenaf Chevalier 348, 34*C; Dutch: Schippers 1 9gj, \ -
1,995ff.I; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al. 7963f.I, No. Zl, Cardigos 7968; German: Wossidlo / Henßen 19I -
(forthcoming); Macedonian: Miliopoulos 1.955,77f .; Bulgarian: BFP; A}baniän: Cirese lserafini 1975; Hungarian: \l\
Mazon 7936, No.48; Greek: Megas 7978, Nos. 33,*g3A; Russian, Byelorussian, No. 39; Slovakian: Gasparfkovä lggl.
Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard lBorutav 7953, No.5 V Kurdish:Di,alLla et al. 7973, 775f .; Serbian: KaradZiö 193, :,

1989, Nos. 159,760; Turkmen: cf. Stebleva1969, No. 1; Indian: Sheikh-Dilthey Bo§koviö-stulli 7969, Nos. 1, 2; Rtin-.'
Ognjanowa 7987, No. 60; Greek: \leqa.

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 Hans-Jö
:FC 284

11; Sorbian: Nedo 7956, Nos. 2a,2b, Nedo 1972,774ff.;Ukrainian: SUS,

No. 34*;
]ewish: ]ason 7975, Noy 1976, Nos. 34, g4B; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Indi an:Bsdker
1957a, Nos. 951,,955; Chinese: Ting 1978; Norih Ämerican Indian: Thompson )anish: NielssenlBodker 7g17f .II, \,,-
1919,295 No. 81; Spanish-American: Robe 1973;AfricanAmerican: Dorson
lg1g, "277.
167f., Dance 1978, No. 396; Mexican, Guatemalan, Costa Rican: Robe l97g,Nos.
34, 34B-; Dominican: cf. Hansen 1957, No. 34**A; Puerto Rican: Hanse n l9S7; 35A* The Fox Asks the Wolf ior
Nicaraguan: Robe 1973, No. 348; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992, Nos. g4, g4B;Brazilian: has caught, but gets noth::r
Karlin let lFreitas 7977 , No. 55; Chilean: Pino Saaved ra 1960ff .III, Nos. 228, 229; the meat from greedr- ne-:
West Indies: Flower s 1953; Moroccan: El-Sham y 2004; Nigerian: Walker Walker
/ lip" t792.
1.967, 39f .; East African: Klipple 1992; Central African: LaÄbrecht 1967,
No. 1,629.
Remarks: Documented between 1l -
344 The Dog Drops His Meat for the Reflection A dog swims across a I13-314).
river (crosses a bridge) with a piece of meat (a bone) in his mouth. L iterat ure fYariants : Schwa r zb aum -^
.

When he sees his reflectiory he thinks it is another dog with a bigger \o. 399; cf. Adrados l999ff.III, \o. S

piece of meat. In an effort to take the meat from this dog, he dives I-atvian: Aräjs / Medn e 1.977 ; Ukrain: "
affelhim (jumps into the water) and loses his owr', *.uI [IUgl.
]. 358* The Fox Gets Bait
Cf. lyp es 34, 92, 1326, and 1336A. from Trr
piece of mea tby the roa d s: ;
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 7965, 447 No. 133). Documented by Democritus and does not eat it. h,hen ,
in the 4th century B.C.E. meat. The wolf goes to take
Literature/variants: Chauvin 1 892ff .II,
85 nos. 14, 75,III, 37 No. 47; pauli / Bolte able to eat the meat n,ithcu
7924I, No. 426; PedersenlHolbek 7967f.II, No. 37;Schwarzbaum \964,1g4 In many vafiants the fol
No.
34; Tubach 1969, No. 1699; Hatam i 7977 , No. 28; Sch warzbaum 7g7g, he cannot eat the meat. \\ 1-.
77-25;
Bodemann 1983; Dicke/Grubmüller lg!7, No. 207;Adrados l gggff.Ill, Nos. that the time for fasting is
H. ,_-

736, M. 88; EM 6 (1990) 7g4g-1247 (A. Gier); Lieb \996,43-4s.

Finnish: Rausmaal982ff . V No. 36; Estonian: Kippar 1986;Lithuanian: Scheu/ LiteraturelYariants:
Kurschat191,3,259 No. lL,Kerbelyte 19g9ff.IV (forthäoming); irish: ö Sriiff Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e 1977 ; Lithua ::,
iabhäinl
Christiansen 1963;French: Cifarälli1993, No. l33;Spanisäi Cu*urena/Chevalier 7927, 6, cf . Wossidlo /Henßen 1957, \,--
1995ff .I, Goldp"tg 1998, No. 17797.4; Portugrese, Oliveir a 79O0ff
.II, No. Z9O, B).elorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turk:=
Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Schippers 1-995, No. 7Sl; Frisian: Kooi l9g4a; Dagestan: Lev in 7978, No. 44; Kurdisi
German: Moser-Rath 7964, No. 296, Neumann 1 971, No. 3T,Brunner/wachirrger Reichl 19BS,75, Sg, l07f .;Tadzhlk: STF l,
7986ff.IV No. lKel lg 15, Tomkowiak 1992,220; Hungarian: MNK I, Dömötör Iranian: Marzolph 1984;Kazakh: cf. R.
1992, No. 403, Dömötör 2001 ,277,292;Czech: Dvoiäk lgfg,No. No. 44*; South African: Grobbelaar I - i
1699;Bulgarian:
BFP; Greek: Meg_as 7978; Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: cf. EberhardlBoratav
7953,
No. 237 (3); Jewish: Noy 1976;Ossetian: Christensen 1g21,No. 7;Siberian:
1,866ff . I, 216_f .; Georgian: Kurdo vanidze 2000; Iranian : Marzolph
Radloff 36 The Fox Rapes the She_Be,tt
7984; Indian: lates the She-Bear). A for rh:-
Bsdket 1957a, Nos. 950,7265, ]ason 1989; Mongolian: Lörinc z 1979, No. 34A*;
Vietnamese: Karow 7972, No. 143; Filipino: cf. Fansler 1921, No. 61;Egyptian, (wolf, fox,lioness) about ::
Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; South Africän: Coetzee et al. 1967. sleep with her. The mothe: :
the fox so she can catch hin-
348 See Type 34. caught between them, and :.
The fox uses mud to cc-;
34C The Monkey with the Lentils. A monk"y drops a lentil (nut) out of bear disguised as a monk lK
his hand. Äs he climbs down the tree to find it, he drops the other fox. He asks her if it was the :
lentils which he also had in his hand. When he reachesit ground, all the animals alreadv knc,,.,
he cannot find a''y of the lost lentils 11344.1). "
Remarks: Documented by Marie de F:
Remarks: Documented in the Indianldtaka (No .176). and in 1174in the Romnn-de Rennrt (II
Literature/Variants: Kirchhof /Oesterley 1}69VII, No. l}9;Chauv inlg9Lff.Il,1O4 Literature/Variants: Krohn 1gg9, E9_9_:
müller 7987, No. 219; EM 5 (1 gg7) 4;Sr

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aq] +noqe urH sllal xoJ aq] sauror JIoM e uaqM 'll ]ea +ou saop pue
derl e aq +q8rur +l +eq] prerJe sl aq lnq 'aprspeor aq+ ,(q leaur;o acard
T
e spurJ xoJ V '+I olu? Itottt 8wtn7 frq da,q wo$ #ag spg xoJ aql *gg€ 'lV't1tII] +eaut umo slq sasol pur
sa^rp at1 '3op sH+ tuor, leatu aqr ?\' : -
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'@tt-ttz e ssoJJE surrms 8op y 'uolltayl'ag :i,:
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'629I 'oN 'L96T +qlarqurEl :ueflr]Y -::- *
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+q8ru ]e ]l slea]s pue'sroqq8rau {paar8 tuorJ }eaur aq}
palord ol JIoM aq] o] s1sa33ns aH 'Surqlou sla8 ]nq ']q8ner seq
^aoLI :tg6l uasueH :ueJIU opand 1y--.f : - '.
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/ tZ
9t salel Ieturuv 782 fC{ 782 fCC Jau- ^ :-
36 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284 Anr:

Finnish: Rausmaalg92ff .V, No. 37;Finnish-Swedish: Hackm an7917f .I, No. 14; Rican: Robe 1973; South American Ir,
Estonian: Kippar 1986; Livonian: Loorits 7926, No. 2015; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne Chilean: Pino Saaved ra 7gB7 , Nos. l
1,977; French: cf. Delarue I Tendze 7964ff. III; Spanish: Camarena / Chevaher 1995ff .
-\rewa 1966, No. 855, Klipple 1992r Cu-:
I; Portuguese: Coelho 1985, No . 7, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Schippers 1989II, No. 432; South African: Coetze.
1995, No. 462; Flemish: Meyer 1968; Hungarian: MNK I; Bosnian: Krauss 191,4,
\os.37,37*, Schmidt l9B9 II, No. 1i.
No. 99;Bulgarian: BFP; Russian: SUS, Nos.36,36*; Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: 2.2.37.
EberhardlBoratav 1.953, No. lY;Ossetian:Bjazyrov 7gs},No. 8;Kazakh: Makeev
1952,165ff ., Sidel'nikov 7958ff .I, 190ff .;Tadzhik STE, Nos. 78,27,394; Mongolian:
Lörincz7979; Georgian: VirsaladzeTg6l; Oman: Müller 1902ff.III, No. 35; Indian: 37* See Type 37.
Thompson/Roberts 1960, Cf. Bodker 7957a, No. 888; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov
1,976, No. 782; Tibetian: O'Connor 1906, No. 9; Spanish-American, Mexican: Robe 38 Claw in Split Tree. A mar, :
1973; South American Indian: Wilbert/Simoneau 1.992, No. K527.3; Mayan: tree (split wood). The bea: .
Peflalosa 1992; Chilean: Pino Saavedra 7960ff.III, Nos.230,231; Argentine: cf. The man removes a w.edse l
Chertu di 1960f., No. 2. of wood spring back toget:
In some variants the Lre::
37 The Fox as Nursemaid fo, the Mother Bear. (Includirg the previous that the bear must help hur:
Tip" 37*.) This tale exists chiefly in three different forms:
(1) A mother bear needs a nursemaid to take care of her children Combinations: 151, 157A, and 1159.
while she goes out hunting. Out of all (e.g. hare, wolf, ox, fox) who Remarks: Documented in the Hi f o!-t,;..i.,-1
(,r,474-729).
:l 5 ix ;f .'* ffiä tli'# ly,"J.?,ff I ä: : i: n: ;.'"1'*;,n:: Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1891f:
pauli
are missing. After the fox has eaten all of the children, he leaves 1907ff .IV, 231f.; BP I, 6Bf .,II, 99; :
7979,511-518; EM 3 (1981) t26t-1?7",
lKe31l. "1 Finnish: Rausm aa 1992ff . V, Nos. 41 -{
In north European variants the mother bear requires that the ap- _:

nos. 30, 34; Estonian: Kippar 19E6: _.

plicants sing well, and thus chooses the fox.
In a few variants the fox and the goose raise their children to-
Kerbelytö 1999ff. I; Lappish: er r:.
Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Irish: ö S.r,..=
gether and take turns minding them. The fox eats the goslings. rue f Tenöze 1964ff .III; Spanish, Basqr-:.
(2) The applicants must sing to prove that they would be good Oriol / Pujol 2003; Portu§uese: Sorome:
hired mourners. White the mourning husband organizes the bu rial, (forthcoming); Dutch: cf. Meder Ba.
the fox eats the corpse. Flemish: Meyer 7968; German: Tomkc,,,.
(3) Instead of a nursem aid, a shepherd is needed for a herd of I, No. B, Hubrich-Messow 2000; Sn-rs_-
sheep. One after another, the sheep are eaten by the fox [K934]. Italian: Cirese / Serafini 1.975; Hunsa:.
(Previously lipe 37*.) Cf. Tip. t2gB. Sirovätka 1980, No. 41;Slovakian, ci a
7904,60ff.; Bulgarian: Karlinger/\Ir k,. :
151; Polish: Krzylanowskilg62f. I; U.,,:
Literature/Variants: Krohn 1889,93-97; Chauvin7892ff .Il, BB, No. 24;Dähnhardt
1,907ff.IV,247-249; EM 5 (7987) 498-503 (D. D. Rusch-Feja); Schmidtlggg.
7953, No. 73 (4), Alptekin 1994, Nos ,,,.,
Xl;Tadzhik STE, No. 377; Georgian: \
Finnish: Rausmaa1.982ff.V, Nos. 3}1O;Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1,g77f.I, Nos.
Chinese: Ting 7978; Indian: Thcmps-,:
4, 15; Estonian: Kippar 7986, Nos. 37,37*;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977, No. 37*;
7987 , No. 75; Indonesian: Vries 19ll j.
Lithuanian: .Kerbelytö 7999ff . I, Nos. 37 , 37*; Wepsian, Karelian, Syrjanian: _

Kecskemdti lPaunonen 7974; Norwegian: Hodne 1.984, No. 37*; Spanish:

No. 78; Spanish-American: Robe 1y-_:
Mexican: Robe 1973; Puerto Rican: Fi::
Camarena / Chevalier 1 995ff .I, No. 37*; German: Birlinger 7871., 222f .; Hungarian:
tine: Karlinger lpögl7997, No. 35; \r:::
MNK I, No. 37*; Polish: Krzyäanowskil962f.I; Russian, Byelorussiary Ukrainian:
SUS; Chechen-Ingush: Levin 1978, No. 41; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 7958, No. 3; Kurd-
2004; Algerian: Frobenius l927ii. III \
Coetzee et al. 7967, Grobbelaar 19S
ish: cf.DL,alila et al. 1,989, No. 177; Siberian: Doerfer 1.983, No. 32;LJzbek: Reichl 1 .

1978,71,59,176; Tuva: Taube 1978, No. 2; Georgian: Kurdov anidze 2}OO;Iranian:

Marzolph 1984, No. 37*; Indian: Bodker 1957;, No. 442, cf. No. 80; Indonesian: 40 See Rp" 40A*.
Vries 1'925f.II, No. 92; North American Indian: Thompson 7929, No. 31; Spanish-
American: Robe 1973; African American: Harris 1955,365ff .; Nicaragrur-t, Costa 40A* The Wolf and the Bel/ (pre,, ; -
(Includi^g the previous T1.p.,

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 Hans-Jö aFC 284 An-::'

exists chiefly in three different forms: 1964ff.III, Cifarelli 1992, No. 423; Spa:
(1) A wolf and a fox eat food that does not belong to them. -an: Neugaard 7993, No. K1022.1; Pt:
The
fox fixes a bell to the wolf so tha! if anyone opens theäool they will '-963f.II, No. 3,
Cardigos (forthcomin=
be warned and be abre to escape quiikry. Tire wolf,s tail becomes 't995,
No. 453; Frisian: Kooi l9}4a; F.c:
caught in the bell cord (he is hung up on the cord). German: Moser-Rath 1964, No. 226, T.,.
(2) A wolf.forcgs f9x to givehimlood. The fox takes revenge \996II, No. 73,Hubrich-Messo\\- l0rl -
1 by II, No. 90; Italian: Cirese lserafini 1t-:
ringing a bell-which betrays the worf, or the worf acciden-tally
\ INK I; Slovene: Brin ar 1904, 17fi; Ru:-
reveals himself by ringing a bell [K1r14,K7022.4]. (previousry TypL
-an: BFP; Greek: Megas 1978; polish: K::
160***.) '- krainian: SUS, No. 41, cf . No. 160-----
(3) The animal that worf and fox want to eat wears a be[,
which \lptekin 1994, Nos. II.2,IY.6Z; ]en-isl- :

the fox rings in order to betray the wolf. (previously Type 40.)
=7*,-Noy 7976, Nos. 33**, 4"1,, 47*; G)-ps.,
Ei-Shamy 2004, Nos. 33*, 47;Iraqi: Ei-S:
Remarks: Documented ca. 1190 in Roman de Renart (Branche XII).
Literature/Variants: iapanese: Ina da I Ozawä IgTTff .; Ha,,r .
Firurish: Rausmaa lg9ztr.y, No.41; Livonian: Kecskem6ti/paunonen -\merican: Ancelet 1,994, No. 4; Spa: -
1974 No.
160**"; French: Delarue/Tendze1964lf.III; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier Flowers 1953; Egyptian: El-Shamr, 2-0r-
1995ff. =
I, GonzäLezSanz1996; C-atalan:Oriol/pujoi 2003; Italian: Cirese/SerafirilgZS, 1004; Algerian: Nbwak 1969, N;. 3. j
No. 160***; Croatian: Boskoviö-sturirgzsb, No. 62; Moroccan: El-shamy 2004. Shamy 2004, Nos. 33*,41*;Cameroon: I
:Tese: Klipple 1992; Central African: La::.
408* See Type 2D. Schmidt 1989 II, No. 410; Sourh Afric,
Schmidt 7989 II, No. 4lO.
47 The wolf oaereats in the celrar. (Including the previous Types 33*,
33"*, 41*, and 160**.) A fox (cat, jackal, heagehog) convincäs a wolf {1* See Type 41.
(polecat, hyeng, antelope) to join him in breäking"into a cellar (store-
house, stable, kitcher; vineyard) to steal food. wirite they eat, the fox 43 The Bear Builds a House of
keeps checking to be sure that he still fits through the narrow exit. previous Typ e 1097.) In the :.
The wolf eats so much that he cannot reave. He iJcaught and beaten a fine house of ice. A hare ( r.,-,:
(killed) 1K1022.11. a house of wood (stone, iron ;
In early variants, a fox in a storehouse eats so much that he can- fox's house melts, and he 5:c r
not leave. A weasel advises him to fast. (previously Type 41*.) ually pushes the hare out [-t -
ot, the fox pretends to be dead because he is so fat tirät he cannot
leave the cellar without help. Thus he is abre to escape. (previousry Remarks: Also told with human acto::
Type 33**.) Literature/Variants: Krohn 1}gg, 109a :
Finnish: Rausm aa 1992ff . V, 196; Estor-.-:
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte l gggff .l; \\ ,
more other 1974; French: Tegethoff 1923 II, No. 35 S
types, esp. '1.,2, 4,34, and 100.
Remarks: Documented b1fcgugs de Vitry, Sermones oulgares(Jacques BFP; Greek: Kretschmer 1917, No. 1E; i..
de Vitry/ Ukrainian: SUS; ]ewish: ]ason 1965, \c,,.
Crane, No. 174); then in rr78 inthe Roman de Renart (xti,o+zla+s).
th" .,ru.rio.,. Paunon en 197 4; Indian: Thompson i' Rob= :
with the fox and the weassl is documented by Horace, Epistolae
1i,7) and as an \o. 39;French-American: Carriöre j-
Aesopic fable (Perry L965,425 No. 24). 19
Literature/variants: Bp II, 10g-117; Dähnhardt L9o7ff. ry, 232f.; schwarzbaum
1964,184; Tubach 1969, Nos. 4092,s346;schwarzbaum 1,979,2r0+r},4s6;Dickel 11 The Oath on the lron. (Inciu;.
Grubmüller 1987, Nos. 2L6,222;Adrados rgggff.Ill, No. vr. +oo; sctrmiatLggg; dispute (about their comm;l
EM: Wolf im Keller (in prep.). sheep) proposes to a H,olf th:
Estonian: Kippar1986;Latvian: Aräjs/MednergTl;Lithuanian: Kerbelvte Gospel) to tell the truth. Thr,
1999ff.
I; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925, No. 160i; LivoniarL wotian: «".rt"-eti/iur.,onun forms:
197 4; Sw edislt!1"1-g-rl No.*"gian: Hodne 1 984; Irish: ö Sriiileabham / (1) The fox touches the tra:
1?61;
christiansen 1963, Nos. g3**,41, o'sullivan 196c No. 3; French: Delarue/Tenöze jaws snap together and catcj-.
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-- ,
/pgura>lsra» qefton'uelullpro1lg :9tOt {oN '9961 uose{ :qsra,ra{ lSnS :uerurer{-l I Ärry,tlap sanbcel) saru81n0. souourr-:i '
'uerssnroladg !*tV '9, 'soN 'SnS :uerssn5 1gI 'oN 'LI6T raurq)sler» :>laarD lagg
:uerre8lng l',OEt (VqODW f,au1 :aua^ols 1gt'oN 'II€Z6I JloqtaS"J :rpuary :VtOt Jaqlo eJour ro auo Jo saposrda WI rt r:;.r
uauounedll]gula{sra) :ueruefrz{g 'uer}o6 lt'ilOeOl ?}r(laqra» :ueruenq}lT !L16,,
aupaIAI I s[prV :uer^]e -I :9861 reddr) :ueruo]sg :gOt 'L'!!Z86T eaursney :qsruur j
'(eetusneu 'T-'.I) 109-vO9 (066T) g I/,lE :'IOOT'6ggl ur{or» :sluurrp^/arnleralll
'(toO1 addl ,(lsnornard; sro+f,e ueunq dlsnornar4) 'adeosa o] alqe sl aq s:;_ - :
plol oslv :s{reruau
Hllan +ouueJ aq +Eq+ +eJ os sl aq asnpra\i :: r:
'SEZI pue'Ig'09 saddl'Jf 'lt'wtIl lno areq aq+ saqsnd.{1pn ('*lV addl dlsnornar4) ']sPI c:;. -'
-per8 aH 'asnoq s,areq aq+ ur a^rl o1 sao8 aq pue 's11aur asnoq s,xoJ
-ueJ aq leql t{)nur os s}ea asnoqa-1.--! :
aq] 'saruof, Jaruruns uat{M '(loorvr 'sser8 'uoJr 'auo1s) poom Jo asnoq e
ualeaq pue lq8ner sI aH 'a^eal +ou *E-- r
Jlastllltl spunq (leo8 'daaqs 'teaq'xoj ?toan) areq V 'all Jo asnoq auu e ']1xa orreu aql g8norq] sllJ IIIts r; -:-
Jlasturt{ spgnq (reaq ?lom) xoJ e 'raluran at{} uI ('1601 addl snorrrard ^
xoJ aql '+ea daql alq6'pooJ [Pa]s ü: i::
aq+ Surpnl)ul) 'a)I to 'xo7 aql !poo114 {o asnoH a spryng ruag aql €f -aro1s) rellar E olur Surxearq ul tufq ; --.
'1y Jlorvr. e sarur^uor (Soqa8paq 'le:{rr. -:l
adATaaS *It '*t€ saddl snor^ard aql 8urpn1ru1 'r r""
'0w'oN 'II 686I +plun{rs
'Ig6I reelaqqorD 'L96I 'le +a aazlao3 :uef,rrJv t{}nog :Ow .oN ,II 6g6I }p1ur{ls
:uerqrureN igTgT'Zg0T 'sol{ 'L96T }qrarqureT :ue)lrJv ler}ua3 :zee1 alddrl» :asau
-epns 'uerr;yy ]sef lggE 'g9E'LO1Z>llESo» :uooralue) !*lV ,*tt,.soN ,VOOZduletlS 'V002 drueqg-lg :ue)rorolnl 129 'o\ ;.j_:
-lE :ue)f,orotr d !*Iü'oI{ 'VOOZ r{uretlg-lg 'It 'oNI '696I Te,vroN :uerra8lv :VOO: 'gL6I rurlerag/ asarr3 :uerlell :tC[-]. .,_- .:.*
drueqg-rg,'rt, 'oN '6g6y>leultoN:uersrunr lv0oz,(ureqg-lg:uer1d,{8g :egilsramol1 'Jtg66T rarlelaq) leuareure3 :qsruE;S --_
'oN ,.
:sarpul lsaM lttOt aqo5 :uef,rraurv-r{sruedg 1f 'oN 'h66I }ale)uv :uef,rrauy 'VL6T uauounedll]gtua{sray .u::*-
-qruary :f ZZOI» 'oN '1161 {a1lrl» :uerre^aeH :'ilttOl eMezo lepeul :asauedel
:grcI 8uIJ 'Jf, :asault{f :0g61 uose{ '096I suaqou/uosdurotll :uerpul !**091 ,Ir '(fX aqJueJg,) UUr..:Li- .:'1' . -
'soN 'vg6lqdloztel/d:ueruerl :vooz{tueqg-1g:rbeqlw'*€€ 'soN 'v002dtuetlg-11
:uerrdg lggt 'oN'gfS :>lFIZpeI 1X»l{141:dsd.{3 !*lV,W,**€€ .soN ,gL6I{oN ,*TT ('Of addl dlsnornar4) 'I{o-rr au- '.::
'**€€ 'soN'9961 uose{'I'oN 'et96l {oN:rlsrmaI:gg.tl,Z.II.soN ,V66I uITa}dtV tplt{zvr 'ttaq e sJeam }ea o} }ue.\r \...- | *:
'I 'olrl 'e96T lprcqtaqg :qsrTrnl 1*****0gI
.oI{ .p,Tv.oN ,sns :uerurer{,il
lSnS :uerssny ^elerog
1€ 'oN 'I'IZ96I rTsmouezÄztS:qsrlod :gzOt se8a14 :TaarD lagg:uer
addl dlsnornar4) 'lV'ZZaI» 'f III;1_ .
-re81ng 1*I gt 'ol{ 'gz6l snrallnqls :ueruerun>I:'illl'V}6Treurrg :aualols 1I »NIA =
=
dgeluaprJJe ,lom aql ro /JIo-\r aL:- ; .
:uer.re8unH :'IZ1O1 ollede5 :uerurpres :gt6l rurJer aS lasarr3 :uerlell 106 'oN ,II
'It968I surunracl :uerurpeT 11007 narcg',00oz /v\ossalAl-rlrrrqn]H'€L 'oNi ,II966l dq a8ualar sa)e+ xoJ aqJ 'poo-I tufq r..- *;
'(pror aql uo dn Su:i* .:
rat{}fl/ntff» tuurlrD 'gIZ'€,66I Telmo{uloJ, 'gZZ 'ol\ 'V961 q}eä-rasoN :ueturaD
:ZgOt sor8al :uoolleM :g961 ra.,{a141 :qsrrualC 1e7B6I loo) :uersrrC :€,gV.oI{ ,g66L saruoraq I1e+ s,Jlozvr atp'i11:rnb a;:--:
sraddrq)S :r{r}nC[ 1**0gl'lv'**€€ 'sol{'(3uruo)r{uoy) so8rpre] ,t .oN ,II-!t961 ilIrv\ daql 'roop aql suado auo,itre -{ ::'*
'le +a oquauoros/sollaluof,se1 :asan8nuocl :t'zzolx 'oN ,€,661 pree8naN :uel at{I 'urat{} o1 Suolaq }ou saop }eqi
-ele3 1'IlgOOI rarlelaqf f euarcrue3 :qsruedS:g€V.oN ,€,66I rllareJlf ,III .tw96L ..
i -*
: =-
6t, ?82 )AA lau: - _=: _
saleJ IEruruv r8z fcJ
f-
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tl.W,o
40 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 ?FC 284

(2) A hedgehog wants to swear on a tree with a trap that is called -7; Pedersen / Holbek 1961f . II, No i:
a judge. When the judge does not answer him, a wolf pushes the Dicke lGrubmüller 1987, No. I2l: El
trap so hard that he is caught in it. Schmid t 1999.
(3) A wolf wants to skin a sheep, but a fox, who is the sheep's Finnish: Rausm aa7982ff .V, Nos. +4_j-
'-7
friend, makes the wolf promise not to harm him. He swears by kiss- , 37; Estonian: Kipp ar 1986; Latr-ia: :

irg a trap, and is caught in it. (Previously Type 44*.) (erbelyte 1999ff . I; Lappish, Karelia.
(4) A sheep proposes to swear on a bush in which a dog is hiding. i-iungman1961; Norwegian: Hodne - tr
The dog attacks the wolf. Christiansen 7963, Nos. 47A, 47C: F:=
1993, No. 325; Spanish: Camarena C: ,
Pujol 2003; Basque: Karlinger lLasere:
Remarks: Documented in the middle of the 12th century in Ysengrimus (VI,349-
Soromenho et al. 1963f.I, Nos. 32, 33 rr
550), then in 11 78 in the Roman de Renart (XIV899-1088 , Cf . Branche X). Sinninghelg43; Frisian: Kooi 198-1a, K
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff.II,791 No. 6; Köhler lBolte 1898ff. I, 408f.; -

EM 3 (1981) 7740f. (H.-I. Uther); Dicke/Grubmüller 7987, No. 322.

Grimm KHM/Uther 1996II, No. 1_1:
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977, No. 44*; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff.I, No. 44*;
Serafinr1975; Hungarian: MNK I, Dt-,:r-
French: Delarue lTenöze 1,964ff . III; Italian: Cirese I Serafini 1975; Hungarian:
\, 138f., arkovä7997f.I, No. 1l: ,.
Ga§p
MNK I, No. 44**; Slovene: Vrtec2T (1891) 118; Croatian: Valjavec7890, No. 72, 1962f .I,No. 47A; Russian: SUS, \r-,s =
Ardalie ß06b,1.31.f ., Bo§koviö-Stulli1,963, No. 63;Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas
Svrian: El-Shamy 200 4; Iranian: \larz :
1,978; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS, No. 44*; Chechen-Ingush: Levin
1978, No. 42;Uzbek: Afzalov et al. 1,963I,30ff .; Iraqi: Jahn 1970, No. 2, El-Shamy
\o. 756, Thompson/Roberts 19r.,,_
Tibetian: O'Connor 7906, No. Z; Chine.:
2004; Syrian, Palestinian: EI-Shamy 2004, No. aaAS; Iranian:Marzolph 1,984, No.
*44A; Chinese: Iapanese: Ikeda1.971,, No. 47A, cf. \c. =
cf. Ting 1.978, No. 44*; North African, Tunisian, Algerian, Suda-
92; French-American: Ancele t 799l, \,_-
nese: El-Shamy 2004, No. aaA§; Egyptian: El-Shamy 1980, No. 51, El-Shamy 2004,
i10; African American: Harris 1951 _:
No. aaAS; Moroccan: cf. Now ak 1969, No. 35, El-Shamy 2004, No. 44AS.
Indian: Hissink/Hahn796l, No. 3l: l
Cascudo 1955b ,737ff .; Chilean: Hanse:
44* See Type aa. 5; Argentine: Karlinger/ Pögl L9B7 , \c
Laoust 1949, No. 14, El-Shamr, 2C,,-l
47 A The Fox Hangs Onto the Horse's Tail (previously The Fox [Bear, etc.] \iamibian: Schmidt1989 II, No. 420A :
Hangs by His Teeth to the Horse's Tail, Hare's Lip). (Includi.g the laar 1987, Nos. 47 A, 47C.
previous Typ e 47C.) A fox (wolfl bear, monkey, several animals) runs
into a seemingly-dead horse (donkey, dog) and (orr the advice of 178 The Horse Kicks the Wol.f in t
another animal) wants to take the carcass home for food. He ties 47E and 1221.) A wolf (lion ,,
(bites) himself to the dead animal's tail [K1 022.2, K7047] and starts Before the horse will let hi:-..
to drag it home. The horse jumps up and runs awdf, dragging the does him a favor, e.g. take -
fox to his maste4, who beats (kills) the fox. shoe, or read his name (hr=
Or, the fox persuades the wolf to tie a rope around the wolf's which is printed on the bt-rri
y;;;,i";1i rhe w''f from his hindquarters fon..a:
ffil#,:T äH,äi,Tffi: l?äiät}"J the horse kicks him [K56o K
Often the animal only pretends to be dead, in order to catch the Sometimes a fox persu: -
fox. (genealogy) under his hooi u
Sometimes the hare witnesses the event and laughs so hard that thing to ea! or pretends to 1..
his lip splits 1A2211.2, A2342.71. [K1955, K7t2t.1].
In some variants a lion ==
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other donkey (horse, camel), rr-h;
types, esp. 1, 2, 3, 4, 15, 478, 122A, and 154. animals. When they ask rr-1-.-.
Remarks: Documented ca. 1200 in the Roman de Renart (IX,1586-1903). The vari- has a charter under his h;
ant of Heinrich Steinhoewel, Esopus (7. Extravagante, No.87) has been very in-
attempts to read the docunre:
fluential. Also an etiological animal tale, why the hare has a split lip.
181. (Previously Typ. 47E.,
Literature/Variants: Krohn 1889,70-74; Dähnhardt 19o7ff .IV, ZgS-239;Bp III,74-

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-' l
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aq sdes .,(a>1uop aql 'pua11e +ou p1p aq {q,,n ISe ,(aql uar{M 'sleurrue _.
aq+ ,o +uaruerlred aq+ uorJ ]uasqe sr orlm '(lauleJ 'asloq) {aluop Jaqlo aJour Jo auo ,o saposrda L{11-',',. : f -- j
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'[t'tztl» '996I)]
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atueu s,asJor{ e Jo} {ool o} JIoM e sapensrad xo} e saurr}auos aq+ q)]eJ o+ rapro ul 'peap aQ ol si *:-
'[tZtt» '999»] urF{ sIrH asrorl aq} '006I '9L81 sad,i1 'IJ , =:
-l-:
?oor{ srt{ saqreordde JIoM aq} uaqM 'premro; srauenbpr+{ snl urorJ Jlozw aql r; ;
']ea o] ]uE^^ z(aql leurlu?
ualea ag ol $lse atl 'rO ',ooq sF{ ro ruo}}oq aq} uo pa}urrd sr qJrqm
'XOI aU+ 4"..-r
(aorrd 3ur11as 'aße 'lt'Vg6{] zffioleaua8 sFD arileu sF{ pear ro 'aoqs
*
uoJr srq alorual ']ooJ slr{ Jo }no u"ro{} e a>le} '3'a 'tottel e uTH saop aq+ 3ur33e tp 'Äelure sunJ pue ir'. ..t --
JIO1V\ aq+ +eq+ spueuap aq 'ualea aq JIasulLI +al III/W asror{ aq} aroJag
spels pue lmOt»'Z'ZZ0I»I IIp+ s -:," -
'(leoJ 'da4uop 'a1nur) asroq e lea ol sluem (uorl) JIom V ( IZZI pue tfi sap aH 'poo} JoJ atuoq ssef J€l I --- . -
saddl snornard aq+
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sunJ (qeurue leJa^as da>1uotu '::tJ. :
2lv 'v Lv 'sol{ '186I rEEi aq] 8urpn1)q) '(dll sptuH 'llll S -:s. I
-aqqorD '1961'le +a aazlao3 :uE)rrJV L{tnos :VOZV 'oN 'II 686l }ppur{rs :uerqlure-\ f'cla'ruag] xoJ aqt.,(1snor-ra:d t lll'li .::
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,
'§Vff 'oN 'V1OZ Äueqq-jf i:
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'oN 'L€,6T esourdsg :uef,rraurv-qsrued S lg'oN 'V661]alaluv :uef,rraruv-r{tuarg 1;5
-epns 'uer.ra8lv 'uEISIunI 'uelt;l i- -- '
'eI-6I +g8ru;1 :uerpul uef,rrarrry qlroN Dw'oN 'Jr 'y Lv'ol{ 'TL6I epa>ll :asauedel 'oN 'VB6IrqdlozteIAI :uEIuerI :SVf --
1ZI 'oN '6l6llor{f :uearo) :gtOtSr11']r :asaulqf 1l 'oN 'g16Trouuo3,O :uer+aqll
:. :
_
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'eLg6l ralpog :uerpul !gl* 'oN 'Vg6Iqdloztel4l :ueruerl :VOOZ {ueqg-1E :uerr,i< se8ay,q :>IaarD lagg :uetre8lng :.; -',,n : -
lSnS :uerureqn'uerssnrola{g !*)li'V lV'soN'SnS :uerssn[ :y LV'oN'I'!Z96T
'Zl 'oN '06gI rane[1e1 :uel]eorl ! . . . :
rTs^Aouez,{ztS:qsrlod :grct se8a14 :{aarD :ZZt 'oN 'I'JL66Tg^o>Ured§rD ''rgtl '_\ :uerre8unH :gtOt Iurleras asari;r -.: .
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!
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'}VZ'ol{ 'V66I ra}snllls/loo) '9€Z'€,66I )elmo>FuoJ, :ueurra) :l-'oN 'V661
ralsnqrs/loo) 'g0Z 'oN '€,66I ralsnr{)Si Ioo» 'vVB6I Ioo» :uersrr{ lwOt aq8uruur< '(X at{tuerg '}) '880I-tt,! -'^-",.
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/ Iolro :uelele) Ofi'oN 'I'11966l rarle^aqf f euarcure3 :qsrued S :gZ€,'oN 't667
rllare;rf 'III 'IIV96I azQuaJ/arue1aq :qluaq!31V 'ylV'soN 't96I uasuel+sln{f 'Sulptt{ sr 8op e qrn{,r,l. uI qsnq p u,,-' ::: '
luryqqea1111rs O :r{srrl :'I6V
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:qslpamS:vL6I uauouned/llgtua>ls)a) :uerlare) 'qslddnT :t'fieeel ?lr(laqra) ('*W ad,i1 .i1snor.'r.?.t - -
:ueruenqllT Ow 'oN 'lL6T aupal/d/sfprV:uern]e-Ilg111reddry:ueruo]si1:It,'lT -ssr,T dq sreams aH 'u4q utleq g1l t,--'* t-
'sol{ 1'1LI6I ueu>peH :r{srpa&\S-r{suu)t:6V-V7'soN 'L7JZg6leelursne5 :r{sruurl s,daaqs at{} sr ot{^,lt 'xol e }nq a:.: ..-.
:
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:
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r*,.%;t#?r
42 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 :FC 284 Anir

Comb ination s: 1,22A-1 22N *. 17C See Typ. 47A.

Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965, 457 No. 787,587 No. 693,593ff. No. 699).
Documented in the 13th century in the Roman de Renart (XIX,1-90). The motif of 17D The Dog Wants to Imitate tlt
the donkey's charter under his hoof is documented by ]acques de Vitry, Sermones
a Wolf Wants to Slay a Hors
aulgares (Jacques de Vitry lCrane, No. 33) in the 12th century.
Literature/Variants: Kirchhof /Oesterley 1869IV No. 138, VII, No. 4Z; Chauvin 177*, and 119C* .) A wolf rbe
1,B92ff . III, 71 No. 40, IX, 17 No. 3; BP III, 77 ; Wessel ski 1925, No. 58; Pedersen / and, before he preys on ä ht ::
Holbek 1,.961f . II, Nos. 75, 114, 1,25, 21,4; Schwa rzbaum 1964, 1,84; Tubach 1969, bloody and lor his hindqua:
Nos. 377,2605,3432; Schwarzbaumt979,156,1,57 not. 4,362not. 22, cf .339; EM horse and kills it.
4 (1984) 440-442 (E Moser-Rath); Dicke/Grubmüller 1987, Nos.393,412; cf. When the dog hunts br :
Marzolph 1,992II, No. 523;Adrados1.999ff.III,Nos. H.198,M.56, M.2Z7,M.Z4S, weak companion (cat, haie
M. 273, Cf .No. H. 257; Schmidt 7999; EM: Wolf und Pferd (in prep.). his companion says that the
Finnish: Rausmaal992ff.V, No. 11.6,p.l99;Estonian: Kipp ar 1986;Latvian: Aräjs/ cause not only his eyes are b
Medne 1977 ; Lithuanian: Danner 1967, 168ff.; Lappish: Kecskemdti / Paunonen
1,974; Danish: Berntsen 1883, No. 11, Kristensen 7898, No. l2,Holbek 7990, No. 3;
Combinations: 30, 100, and 101.
Scottish: Campbell 1890ff. I,286 No. 19, Shaw 1955,59; Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäinl
Remarks: Documented in the 4thl 5th -,
Christiansen 1963, Nos. 478, 478; French: Delarue lTenöze 1964ff .III, Cifarelli \lso found in the Indian latakn (nos. -i
1.993, Nos. 28, 115, 378; Spanish: Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff .I, Nos. 47F, 122J,
Literature/Variants: Peders en I Holb,e..
Gonzälez Sanz1996, Nos. 478,1,221; Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff .I, No.
156, 457 not. 14; EM 6 (1990) 1358-13r
1221; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. K1121, Oriol/Pujol 2003, Nos. 478,1221;Portu-
_

Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977, No. 7l9C-

guese: Vasconcellos / Soromenho et aI. 1963f . I, Nos. 34, 37, Cardigos (forth-
Camarena / Chevalier 1991ff . I;Catalan : .
coming), No. 122J; Dutch: Schippers 1995, Nos. 213,509, cf. Nos .258, 4-59;Frisian:
\os. 2,2a; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Irlesa,
Kooi 7984a, Nos. 478,478,722J, Kooi/Schuster 1994, No. 205; Flemish: Meyer 1962f . I, No. 707; Russian, Byelorus. j,
1968; Walloon: Laport 1932; German: Tomkowiak 1993, 224, Berger 2001, No.
D1alila et al. 7989, Nos. 16g, l70; Kaza..
122J; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 7975; Hungarian: MNK I, Nos. 478, 47F*, 722J;
Lörincz7979, No. 179C*;Tadzhik: STF l
Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 2605; Slovene: Vrtec 7 (1877) 172; Serbian: Öajkanoviö
Thompson / Rober ts 1960; Sri Lankan: I
1929, No. 2, Eschker 1992, No. 65; Croatian: Valjavec 1890, No. 61; Bosnian: Schütz
mann 1965, No. 19; Spanish-Amerii:
1960, No. 3; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, No. 122D*, Birlea 1966I, 137, 374; Bul-
\{ayan: Peflalosa 1992; Bolivian: Anrt::
garian: BFP, No. 722J, cf. No. *122K**; Albanian: ]arnik 1890ff .,422; Greek: Megas
Yidal de Battini 1990ff., Nos. 144, 19t _.
1978, No. 1,22J; Polish: Krzyäanowskilg62f. I; Sorbian: Nedo L956,77ff.; Russian:
Nikiforov I Propp 7961, No. 34; Byelorussian: Kaba§nika u 1960, 3Bf.; Ukrainian:
Sonnenrose 7970,743ff., Lintur 7972, No. 10; Turkish: EberhardlBoratav 1,953,
17E See Tip. 478.
No. 11V,p.4l4No. 4, Alptekin 7994, No. III.58; ]ewish: Jason 7965, No. 47E, Noy
1976, Nos. 478,478, ]ason 1988a, No. 478; Gypry: MNK X1., No. 1,221; Dagestan: f8* Flatterer Rewarded, Honest
Wunderblume 1958, 337ff .; Kurdish: Hadank 1926, 1,66ff ., DruZin ina 7959, 20f .; who Went to the MonkeU for
Armenian: Wendt 1.967,34ff.; Ostyak: Rddei L968, No. 38; Kara-Kalpak: Volkov vious Rpe 68**.) The fox rl.:
1959, No. 13, Reichl 1985,19f.,58f., 109f.; Uzbek: Afzalov et aL.1963I,55f., Laude- king) and says his children j
Cirtautas 1984, No. 4;Tadzhik: STE Nos. 76, 142; Georgian: Dirr 1,gZO, No. 33, (gives him food). The n'ol: :

Orbeliani / Awalischwili et al. 1.933, 112 No. 36; Mongolian: Ldrinc z 1979, No. 478; monkey the truth about hrs
Tuva: Taube 7978, No. 8; Syrian, Lebanese: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 47P.,478;Pales-
11815.11.
tinian, ]ordanian,Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 478, aB§; Iranian:Marzolph lg14,
In some variants, a self-a:,
No. 1'22J; Tibetian: O'Connor 1,906, No. 8; Chinese: Ting 7978; Japanese: Ikeda
1977, No. 6;Spanish-American: Robe 1973; Chilean: Pino Saavedra1960ff.III, No.
two travelers who he is. One
=,
zla; the other says he is a monk...
lrsentine: Chertudi 1960f .I, Nos. 1.,24; West Indies: Flowers 1953; Egyptian:
El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 47B, 478, aB§; Tunisian: Brandt1,954,2l;Algerian: Riviöre
1882,141f., Basset 1897, Nos.73,B3,Laoust 1949,No.20, Nowak1969, No. 32,81- Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965, 5l:
Shamy 2004, Nos. 478,478, a8§; Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004, No. 478,48§, 1,22J; Literature/Variants: BP II, 473; pauli 3
Ethiopian: Müller 7992, No. 70; South African: Grobbelaa r 7981., No. 478, Schmidt 7967f . II, No. 701; Schwa rzbaum 196=
1989 II, No. 4208. Tubach 1969, No. 304; EM 1(1977) 1-t{ r.:
-1; Dicke / Grubmülle r 1987, Nos. ll, l:
Adrados 1999ff.III, Nos. M. 200, not-H .

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 Hans-]ö aFC 284 {:r

Estonian: Kipp ar 1986, No. 68**; Latvian: Aräjs / Medne 1 977 , No. 68**; Nor- ;28-436; Kaczynski / Westra 1982; D
wegian: Hodne 7984; Spanish: Goldberg 7998, No. J815.1.; Catalan: Neugaard '-992II,
No. 472; Lieb 1996, 1,99-201 ':

1993, No. J815J; Portuguese: Martinez 1955, No. 1815.1; Dutch: Schippersl 9gS, \drado s 1,999ff. III, Nos. H. 269, \ I. .
Nos. 18, 454; Frisian: Kooi 7984a, No. 68**; Flemish: Meyer 1968, No. 68**; :innish: Rausmaal992fflV, No. 50; E=
German: Hubrich-Messow 2000;Jewish: Noy 1976. '-977;
Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1 999ii
.eabhäin / Christiansen 1 963; Frenci-. :

49 The Bear and the Honey. A fox promises to take a bear (hyena) to a \o. 306; Spanish: Camarena/Che-, .

t rhe b e a r b I te s in t o i t ? ortuguese: Soromenho / Soromen_i: .

Hä1ffi ,'ä;':?j#,?fi; üä: |it
i?ä,äsf lutch: SchippersL995, No. 455, Hc:,
-,\
alloon: Laport1.932; German: \Ios=
Literature/Variants: Schmid t 1999 . :alian: Cirese I Serafini 1975; Hunga:
!_appish: Qvigsta d .7927ff . IV
471ff .; Swedish: Liungman 1,961,; Norwegian: )'Iegas 7978; Ukrainian: SUS; ]eu-ish
Hodne 7984; Irish: Ö Sriitteabhäin / Christiansen 1 963;\rench: Delarue / Täeze rrrrdov anidze 2000; Lebanese: El-S:.
7964ff.III; Frisian: Kooi 7984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; Slovene: Kosi 7890,98f.; S.rdker 7957a, No. 95, ]ason 1959
Polish: Krzy2anowskil962f. I; Chinese: Ting l97l;Vietnamese: Landes 1,BB6,No. {trican American: Baer 1980, 153f.: \i.
44; lapanese: Ikeda 1971; North American Indian: JAFL 26 (lglg) 75; Spanish- - 923b I, 57; Algeriary Moroccan: E:-i
Ameri carL, Mexican: Rob e 7973; South American Indian: Hissink/ Hahn L961, :ast African: Klipple 7992; Sudane="
Nos. 121,,338;lrlayan: Peflalosa7992; Peruvian: Hansen 7917;Argentine: Cher- Lr04; Namibian: Schmidt 1,989 II )
tudi 1960f.I, No. 18; Kenyan: Mbiti 1966, No. 5; Namibian, SouthAirican: Schmidt ichmidt 1989 II, No. 51.2, Klipple in-
1989 II, No. 424, Schmidt 1996, No. 3.
50A The Fox Sees All kacks Got
494 The Wasp Nest as King's Drum. A monkey (hare, fox, deer) and a A lion who is too weak ria:
and stays in his den. One b
['"','i.3;3,?,'ä?.'...1:T'-',:l,yl:']?J:sf,'*j:,TI'JL'"'i#:1;Jil: he eats them. When the f..:,'
is guarding his master's drum (organ, garbage [K1056]). Or, hb has none coming back out. He ;
a snake which he calls his flute (scepte4, walking stick)
[11767.6]. The
tiger asks him to play his drum, and is stun gby the wasps 1K1.023.1., Remarks: Aesopic fable (Pern- 19::
K1023.51. ::,i-s tulae (I,7,74) and by Plutarch, l,I-' .
L iterature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff . -
Literature/Variants: Schmid t 1999 .
-t 5; Schwar zb aum 7964, 1 85; Tiema;-:
Indian: Bsdker 1957a, Nos. 760,163, cf. Nos.767,762, 170, Thompson/Roberts -rubmüller
'-999ff.III,
1987, No. 201,; EM S ^
.

1960, ]ason 7989; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov 1.976, No. 141; Cambodian: Gaudes Nos. H. 147, M. 231; Schn-..
7987, No. 4; Vietnamese: Karow 7972, No. 747; Malaysian: Overbeck 1975,221,; innish: Rausm aa 1982ff. Y,No. 51 ; E
'-977; =
Indonesian: Vries 7925f .I, Nos. 33, 51, 61; Spanish-American, Mexican: Robe Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1 999ii i
1973; Namibian: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 426; South African: Grobbelaar 1981, - rench: CifarelliLggS, No. 31,2; Spanr=:
'-)98,
Schmidt 1989 II, No. 426. No. 1644.1; Catalan: NeugaarJ
:uese: Soromenho / Soromenho 1 9S{:
50 The Sick Lion. A lion (bear, tiger) is sick, and all the animals except Schipp ers 1995, No. L};Frisian: Ko.'.
the fox (ackat) visit him. The wolf (lynx, coyote, hyena) calls atten- -{ungarian: MNK I; Ukrainian: SL S
'
982,55f.; Iranian:Marzolph 19E+, \
tion to the fox's absence, which angers the lion. The fox overhears
\frican American: Dance 1978, \,--
this. He comes and tells the sick liorrthat he wilt recover if he applies
:iowers 1953; Egyptian: Nowak 1;:
a fresh wolfskin to his body (eats fresh wolf meat [K961.2]).fhe Uor-t Shamy 2004; Sudanese: Reinisch 1S, ;
has the wolf skinned [K961]. '-992,
No. 68; Eritrean: El-Sham1, 20C=:
{frican: Coetzee et al. 1 967 , Grobbe.
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,534f. No. 585). Documented between 1180 "
and 1190 in the Roman de Renart (X,1113-1223). iOB The Fox Leads the Donkeu
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1 892ff . III, 78 No. 56; Pauli / Bolt e 1924I, No. 494;
order to save himself fror-"
Peders en I Holbek 79 61f . II, No. 723; Schwa r zb aurr;- 19 64, 1 85; Schwar zb aum lg7
9, donkey to a lion. But the 1ic:
lK1 6321.

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azQual / anrelaq :qluarl 19961 ua: -: -- - -
:uerpul :Vg61qd1ozrery :ueruerl IVO1Z {ureqg-lg :asaueqa1 :OOOZ azptue^oprn\
:uer8;oa):ZL€, 'oN'gfS:>llr{zpeI :grct {oN :qsrzrta{ iSnS :uerurer{il :gZOseBaJl :uer8amroN :tgOt ueu8unll :u!:; j
:>laarD :'IOt'069I ISo) :aualols 1I )NtrAJ :uerre8ung :gt6t rur1eras/asarr3 :uerleti
:ZZZ'€,66T {EI^aoäuoI 'g€Z 'oN 'V961LI}eU-rasoIAtr :ueurra):Zt6I podel :uoolle,\\
:gge1 "rada141 :qsrualC 1gI'oN 'II166I +slauaSoH 'gg7 'ol{ '9661 sraddHrs:r{)}nc
'fgEj1 a;'-- :-
1(Suruoltltrol) so8rpre3 '28 'oN 'I'!VB6I oquauoros / oquatuoros :asan8npocl
,
:eOoz lo[nd/lolro :uele]e) 1I'JJg66l rarlelaq)/euareure) :qsrueds 1900'oN e o+ (euadq) reaq e a)e+ ol saslul.::
'€,66I rllareJrf 'III 'JIV96I azQual/anrelac :qruarg 1996I uasueqsrnl) lulgqqeai
-ll4s o :rlsrrl lvB6I aupo11 :uer8amroN lt'geo6l ?l{laqra) :ueruenqllT :trct 'g:öi '. ' .
auparu ls[prV:ueh]e-I:gg6Treddry :ueruo]sg 10g 'oN 'L'lqzg61eaursne5 :qsrrurl !**89 'oN 'g961 ;a.,{a61 :t{sltuall -.} -
'666T +pltnq) S ltEZ 'W'692 'H
'sol{ 'Iil'!!666I soperpy '966T s.raddrqrs :t{r}nq 1I'g I Si 'o \ j -
1(ue.r,rey raefoqs 'f) VZZI-7yZI (966I) S hlil IVOZ-OOI'966I qalT lZw'oN ,IIZ66L pree8naN :uelele3 :fgl8l'o\'!:: .= :-
qdpztey{ :eOg'oN 'LB6I rallnuqnrD / a{rt6 IZBA er}saM / qsud z)e» :gw-gZf -roN !n*89 'oN 'LL6I aupal\ slg:': :
9V salel Ieturuv vqz )t7 ,82 fCC
-
re aFlt'r..ür.r^*rutsn
Jsil§.,
.i
 Hans-Jö . :C 284

Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1.965, 457f. No. 791). ::Sff.; Chilean: Pino Saaved ra 79g;, \
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 7964, 185; Schwarzbaurn 1979, 44 not. 4; )".orth African ,Egyptian, Moroccan: .
Dicke / Grubmüller 7987, No. 180; Adrad os 7999ff . III, No. H. 203. :n: Basset 1882 No. 7\,Laoust 1gl9
French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 35; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier lggsff .I; Dutch: '.,66,
No. 7Bl, Klippl e 1992; Chad: .
Schippers 1995, No. 21,5; ]ewish: Noy 1976. r ipple 7992, El-Shamy 2004; Ethic:
:--malian: Klipple 1992; Central Afr:
50C The Donkey Boasts of Haoing Kicked the Sick Lion An old, weak i ruth African: Schmidt 19g 9 II, \o :
lion is insulted and attacked by the animals whom he used to hunt.
A bear, ox, donk"y, etc. take their revenge and boast of it 1W721.2.11. ,i1A The Fox Has the Snffies {:
lion (wolf) asks the anima..
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,520 No. 487). Those who say yes are kii,e
Literature/Variants: Tubach 7969, No. 3065; Schütz e 1972, 9Of .; Schwa rzbaum so that the 1ion will not ki.
7979, 14; Timm 1981; Dicke / Grubmüller 1987, No. 377;Adrad os 1999ff .III, Nos.
and claims that he needs n
M. 217, not-H. 207.
is killed after all. The for s;
Estonian: Kipp ar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs /Medne 1977; spanish: Goldberg 1ggg, No.
W721.2.1; French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 31,5; Dutch: Schipp ers 1995, No. 199; Hun- and cannot smell, so he is :

garian: MNK I, No. 50D*, Dömötör 1992, No. 472; Chinese: cf. Ting 1979. Often the animals are k
stinks or not.
5L The Lion's Share. A lion (tiger), a wolf (donkef, panther, dog) and a
Remarks: Aesopic fable (perry 196r _:

l?.:"fi::'l:.'^T:'::il:'f ff HJ+iffi Iffi ["^iil]ii*"f.Ty -.L1man.

tr- iterature/Variants: peders en I Holbe.
mands the fox to divide the booty. The fox gives it all to the lion
:;hrvar zbaum 7968, 298 No. 37g,3o1
(gives the lion the meat and takes the bones for himself)
tI811.11. -13 not . 73; Dicke I Grubmüller 19S,
When the lion asks the fox where he learned to do that, the fox j.ath); Adrad os l999ff .III, Nos. NI. ::
replies, "From the wolf" . -:rnnish: Rausm aa 1982ff. V,No. 52; E=:
In some variants the booty is never divided. Instead, the lion '-477;
French: Cifarelli 1 992, No. 3I I
claims it all and no one dares to contradict him []811.1.1]. -oldberg 7998, No. 1811 .2.1; Cataian:
)',os. 23,456; Frisian: Kooilggla, Ge::
'377,
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 7965, 484 No. 339). Ca.7202 documented in the No. 19, Rehermann 7977,222 \--
Romqn de Renart (XYI,727-7506). Popular as a proverbial phrase. ,ian: Valjavec 1890, No. 6g; Greek: \1.
-en'ish:
Literature/variants: Gdrski lggg; Chauvin {agüt. III, oz xo. 33; pedersen/ Noy 1976;Tadzhlk STE, No. l-
'3
Holbek 7967f. II, No. 39; Tubach 7969, No. 3069;Schütz e 1973, 4l-46;Schwarz- 51, 70f .; Spanish-Americary panarn : :
baum 1979,73-76, 286-289; Dicke / Grubmüller 1987, No. 4)Z;Marzolph 199ZII,
No. 932; EM 8 (1996) 1224-7228 (K. Pöge-Alder); Adrados lgggff .III, Nios .H. 154, 51*** The Fox as llmpire to Dit,iti
M. 278b, M. 225, M. 232b, M. 464; Schmid t 1999. prey (cheese, meat) and asit
Estonian: Kippar 1986;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö1999ff.
eats it himself (cat eats thre
I; Irish' Ö Sriileabhäin / Christians'en 1 963; French: Delar ue lTenöze igO+ff . til,
926D.
Cifarelli1993, Nos. 307,320; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 7ggsff.I, Goldberg
7998, No. IB11 .7.1; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. 1811 .7.7;Portuguese: Camar In some variants the fc,.,.
Chevalier 1995ff.I; Dutch: Schippers 7995, Nos. 203,279; Frisian: Kooi 1984a;"nu7 make both parts the same. -
Flemish: Mey er 1968; German: Moser-Rath 1964, No. 16g, Tomkowiak 1993, 224f.;
Italian: Cirese lserafini 1975; Sardinian: Rapall o 1,982f.; Hungarian: MNK I, No. Remarks: Documented in the Arat ia:
57, cf. No. 51.r,_?lovene: Brinar 1904,36ff.; Bulgarian: BFP; Öreek: Megas 7978; Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1 gg2ir. I--
Ukrainian: cf. SUS; Iewish: ]ason 1965, Noy 1g76,Jason 7988a;Dagestrrr'"Chulilov :f. Dicke/Grubmüller 79g7, No. 3++.
1965, No. 73;TJighur: Makeev 1952, 187f.; Kurdish:Di,alila et al. f gB9, No. 164; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Irish: ö Su-
Turkmen: Stebleva \969, No. 13; Tadzhik: STE No. 1.87; Georgian: Dolidze 1956, Goldbe rg 7998,No. K815.7 ;Dutch: Kooi _
411f ., Kurdov anidze 2000, No. 518*; Persian Gulf, Saudi Arabiän, Yemenite, yaqi, \eumann 1971, No. 40; Hungariar,:
Syriary Lebanese: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian:Marzolph 7984;Afghan: Lebed ev 1986, Croatian: cf. Stojanoviö lg6Z No. 21 ; \1,
215f .; Indian: Jason 7989; Chinese: Ting 1978; Alrican Amärican: Harris lgb1, I, Nos. 7,70; Bulgarian: BFp, Nos. *51 ---

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'IIZ66Iqdloztel4 :ZOV 'oN 'jsr,I ;r. : -- -
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'.{I.r! , ' ' - .
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'aserqd lelqla \o:
!Z6Z'oN '616T sapruoruls :r{srlod :grct se8ayq :{aarD 199 'oN '069I caneftel:upq:
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'It't'II8l] tuH ]rIPE-rr;. -- - -
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aupalN lsfgrV:uerl]e-I.gg61reddry :ueruo]si1:Zg 'oN 'L'yzg6Lerursne5 :qsuuri
,
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-rasotrAl 't) tZg-ZZg (ß0I) g 141E :OOV 'oNI 'tB6I rallnuqnrD / a{rlO 191 '1ou g;; '[t'tt3I] (nastury ro] sauoq au- :r'; :-
'6L6I r;trneqzremr{rs :Itg'oN ggf 'IIg'oN V9€, '6I€,'ol\i g6Z '996I lurr.eqzreml{r{ uoll aq] o+ IIe +I sa^I3 xol at{l- '-- -- - *
lggt 'Vg6Llurr.eqzremqrs 1t6 'oN 'II'tL96I Taqlog/uasrapad :sluerre1 fatwletalll -ap aq uaql 'tuF{ sllH uoll a.i I - *:
uetunL-
are sro+le aql 'sa>1o[ qsrzvraf uI '(7Ig 'oN ZZg'996I drra4) alqe] rrdosay :sIreruag
ftooq aq+ aplnlp o] seq I{o-rr a-- - :: - -
e pue '(8op 'raqlued ',(a>1uof. r .-. -- '.'- . :
'+ou Jo s)uqs
'BL6I3rlI ',r :asaulqf :;l: I ''" :
qlearq s,uorl aq+ des ,,(aql raqlaqm 'pallDl are sleunue at{} uaUO -unH lOOt 'oNI '9661 s.raddlqrs :---::. - :
'ywZ addl 'Jf 'lZ'WgI] paUU +ou sl aq os '11aurs ]ouuef, pue 'oN 'g66L8raqp1oD :t{sluedq :--r - r*:',
(sasse18 sFI lo8ro;) sagyrus aq] seq aq s,{es xo} atlJ 'lle rarye pallH sl
da>1uotu at{} os 'parnl aq o} }eatu {aluoru spaau aq }eq} surrelJ pue 'soN 'III'!1666I soperpY :l:€ 'ua-\ _:^ . -
)lIS aQ ol spuala.rd uoq aq] raleT 'urF{ IIH }ou III1V\ uoll aq} }eq} os trrtreqzremqls lne '€,L61 aztnqrs j - :
ramsue SutrallelJ e sanr8 daluo* ,.{J 'paruI are sar{,,(es oqm asoql '1IS; -'.
'(&rlp sI
uap sFI) peq s11aurs q]earq slq il sprurue at{} $lse (loan) uo11
y 'Qrola?pary ae ol sasnlay xo:I dlsnornard; sag[{ru5 aql suH xoil aqt vlg 'lt'z'LZTMI +T Jo lseoq pup aSua'r:: : ': -
'+unq ol pasn aq tuoq.\\ sleLufuE r r, _
'0Ig 'oN 'II 6g6I lprurqf,s :uef,lrlv qlnos >leam 'plo uV 'uo!1 ryls aql L,a\-lry l:
'uerqrureN 19t0I 'oN '196T ]q)arqureT :uef,lrJv IErlueJ :2661 alddrl» :uerleruoq
ltttt'LIl'lr 'TvI'096l 'le ]a uDIueD :uerdoltllEl :vooz {ueqg-lt'2661 a1ddr1;
:asauepns !LV'oN 'T861 r.,{eurq+ler8unI '}r :peqf :2601 alddrl) 'I gl'oN '996I :qrlng :l 'yEe eI ralle.\aq3 Pua::r -- : -
emarv:uef,rrlvlsEEI lVOOZ,(uleqg-lE'gI 'oN '676llsnoeT'gl 'oN 'lggllasseg:uer .t\Z.H .o\ ,lII -IJr,r: . : I
-ra31y :VOOZ 'oN '696I
T(uleqg -IE ' LZ >1ezwoN :ue)f,orol4l 'ue4dd8g 'uerlrJv LIUo\ lV 1ou W '6L6I uneqzre \\L{rq .; i- i-
lV**Ig 'oN '196l uasueH :auquaSrv lg'V'soN 'Lg6L erpanees ourd :uealqf i'JJggE '(
Iol l'', :-
Li salEJ Ieuruv vgz )tJ ü82 f{C
. *txnaf*ffil{ß,....
 Hans-Jör :-C284 An-::

1978; Ukrainian: SUS; ]ewish: Noy 1976; Gypry: MNK X1; Kurdish:DL,alila et al. Remarks: Documented between ll7]_
1989, No. 178; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Jason 1989, Nos. 51***, 51*B; Literature/Variants: Kirchhof / Oester-.
Chinese: Ting 1978; Japanese: Iked a1971, No. 98; Filipino: Wrigglesworthlgg3, ' q21
I, No. 29; cf. Tubach 7969, \c
No. 18; Mexican: Robe 1973; Egyptian, Algerian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004.
-rubmüller 1987, Nos. 792, 275; Atjra -
:stonian: Kipp ar 7986;Latvian: Aräis l
52 The Donkey utithout a Heart, Alion (tigea wolf) wants to eat a don- l, Ioser-Rath 1964,Nos. 86, 207; Hun:: :
k.y (deer, ram, camel). A fox (jackal, hedgehog) persuades a donkey 'j67.
to go with him to the lion (to go into the service of the king of ani-
mals). On the first approach, the donkey runs awdf, but the fox 53* The Fox Inaestigates a Ronr
persuades him again and the lion kills the donkey. The fox secretly Screaming). A fox (lion ) he,
.,:ä goes to see what caused it. H
iJ H II: i;,ffi I
;i 31 :ff *J ffi: \f,l § i:X'"ff: fl ::?; ff on (kills) him [U113].
because if he had one, he would not have let himself be deceived
1K402.31. Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 796j, +
In variants from central Asia, a wolf , a beaq, and a
fox catch a L iterature/Variants: Dicke / Grubmu - -.
-
camel who lets himself be eaten. While the bear and the wolf clean atvian: Aräjs/Medne 1.977; French: C.
=,
(butche4 transport) the carcass, the fox eats the heart (brains, in- 0C*; Ukrainian: SUS, No. 70C*; Geo::
-\merican Indian: Wilbert / Simo.,.ur-,
f :',ä: -r;.T;: T: ii: X'"#;'fff .T: il: ;l äit i[: ?::: ä 3i1" 55 The Animals Build a Road r

Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965, 484 No. 336). Documented in the Indian
(are commanded by God :
Paficatantra (IV,z). animal (mole, mouse, snake
Literature/Variants: Rochholz 1869; Krohn 19g9, lZ-20; Chauv in 1,g92ff .II,99 No. help because he thinks he ;
58; Keidel 189 4; Heftel 7906; BP II, 153; Schwa rzbaum 7968, 22, gSB; cf .Tübach always find enough r,rrater "

1969, No. 717; Schwarzbaum1979,504-517;Barag1984; EM 4 (1984) 442-445 (L. the well 1A2233.11, or he is -
G. Barag); Dicke/Grubmüller 1987, No. 281;Lieb 1996,65-69;Adrad os1.999ff.III, 1.2, A2233.1.31 [Q321].
Nos. M.220, M. 443, not-H. 289, not-H. 95.
French: Cifarellilgg3, Nos. 285,31.4;Spanish: Goldb erg7998, No. K4OZ.3; German: Remarks: Documented in the 13th ce:
Moser-Rath 1964, No. 189, Grimm DS lUther l99g II,No. 497;Jewish: Jason 7965, ;ombined with etiological tales abou: ,
No. 52* A, Noy 1976, Nos. 52, 52*A, ]ason 1988a, No. 52* A; Dagestan: Chalilov Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1 9rl I_.
7965, Nos. 72,76; Kurdish:DZ,alila et aL.1989, No. 777; Kazakh: Siäel'nikov 1,9SBff . bauen einen W"g (in prep.).
I, 743; Kara-Kalpak: Severdin 1960 , 735ff .; Kirgh iz: Brudnyji E§mambetov 1962, Finnish: Rausmaal982ff .V, Nos. 5ilr
.; Kalmyk: Vata gin 7964, 256ff .; Druze: Fal,ah lshenha r'7978, No. 22; Syrian, Scheu/Kurschat1913, Nos. 29,74, cf . D,
J9f-f
Lebanese, Iraqi, Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Afghan: Lebed ev 1972, No. 36, Le|edev -.'4, 55; Polish: cf.Krzyäanowski 1961r. j
1986,21,9ff .; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Indian: Bsdke r \957a, No. 347, Chinese: Ting 1978; French-American: :
Tl9*pson/Roberts 1960, Jason 7989, No. *52; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts TFSP 18 (1943) 172-177; Guinean: K1i:
T9-60; pgyptian: El-Shamy 2004; Tunisian: cf. Nowak 1969, No. 18, E1-Shamy 20A4; 1987, Klipple 799L;Sudanese: Klipple -
Algerian: El-Shamy 200 4; Moroccan: Socin / Stumm e 7894f., No. 18, Lao ust 1949 ,36; Namibian: cf. Schmidt 1980, No t:
I, No. 29,El-Shamy 2004; Niger: Petites Seurs de J6sus 7974, No. 8; Ethiopian:
Müller 1992, No. 33. 55 The Fox through Sleight Ste tt
ber refers to a cycle of relate;
53T^*::"'o'oZi:1"9,ä'"T:1,::!"",?,,y"|!:,,i:]ä':";";i]"äiffi esp. Rpes 56A and 568.
i:
ens, being absent from the parliament of the animals) and is con- Literature/Variants: EM S (1987) 534-_^:
demned to death. By means of his last request, he manages to escape Livonian: Loorits 1926; Karelian: cf. K.-,.
11864.2, cf .K20551. Christiansen 7963; Spanish: RE 6 (7966 -
In some variants the fox is finalty killed by a man. coming); Slovene: Kosi 7890, 721i.: 1,.1
Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas 7978; 8.,

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'2661 alddrl» :uErlrJV t{}nog 16f 'oN '0g6I }plurr{rs '}r :uerqlureN 19€_ 6V6T lsnoeT'BI 'oN ^JV67I atuur:< - --
'oN 'L96T +qrarqure-I :uef,lrlv IErluaJ :ZeA alddry :asauepns:2661 alddrl» '186I :VOOZ,{rueqg-lE'8I'oN' 6g6l{p-r'.,-1 t, :--
'oN '996I Ervrarv:uErrrJV lseg lZAO1 alddrl) :ueaulnD :ttt-ZtT (eV6I) 8I clsll_ spaqo11/uosdulor{I :ue{uel IrS :::^'
:uerrrauv-qsruedg !e€,8 'oI{ 'Zg1lrarf,nes :uef,rraurv-r{luarC :gtOtSr[ :asaurqt ' lv1'oN'eL96Tra>lpog :uelpul :,, ;: - :-- :
lSnS :uerurerTn'uerssnrola{g :ngZ 'oNI 'II'jZg6I r»smoueVÄzt»'}l :r{srlod lgg'F: 'Z16l :u: r I -
-
^apaqal'gg'oN ^apaqal .-
'€,161^ola?rlelN :aua^ols :6gt'T961rauueq 'p'VL 'tl 'soN '€,I61ler{)srny/naqx 'uer.rdg 1ZZ 'oN 'BL6I reryaqs q? .: j
:ueruenqllT :ttOtaupalAl lsfyry:uerl]eT 1gg-€g'soN 'L'yZg6I eeursne5:qsruuri
'('dard u1) 3a14 uaura uanec :
'jl896l^o{Iu/lapls :l?Ieze) ::l'.'_\r :: -
ararl :I trE :ee;I lp1url{rs IVZ7-ZIS 'III '#L06I }prequqpCl :sluerrel/arn}Era}r-I :uelsa8eg lV*29 'oye!:: - *
^olr1eq3
'(sarleu) scqsrralJereq) Ieurrue lnoqe sale] prrSololla
Hllrrn pauqruor
'g96luose{:qstma{ !ßV 'oN'II grr. ::--
raleT '(ttXX) +ffiua>I ap uuwoü aql ur drnluar qlgl aq+ uI paluarunroC :s{reruau :ueurra :e'Zyf» 'oN '8661 3ra,.1p.,r .-.'
)
:_
'[tzeö] te'Taxzv'z'r nI'!t666I soperpv :eg-gg'966I yr: - . -:
'-D 7W-ZW
'€,tZZy] peor aq+ sassorr aq uaqm pallq sl aq ro 'll't€Zzy) IIaM aql fteOD T I IE 1f961 Sr::: -.:
o1 Suro8 uror; ruFI lua^ard sprurue aqJ '(.ra1e.rw q8noua puIJ sdea,rp
qreqnl 'Jl 1890 'ZZ '996I tune cz;z ' - :
'-
uer) ]I lnoqllm sluem aq araqm oB uer aq s>lupl+ aq asneraq dlaq
o+ sasn;ar (a1ouo 'ualeJ 'anolpzws 'qe.rc 'a1eus 'asnoru 'a1oul) purrue '(9::
uelpul aq+ q paluaun)oc I.',,. --
auo '(rrozrrasar 'llam) peor e pllnq o] (poC dq papueururof, are)
aprrap (spqq) sleurrue at{I (fiaM 81gll paoü u pryng sluunuv aql gg 'Vg8l ,
'ggl sad,{g '}J 'leaLLI au: -.-.
aq+ puE reaq aql aII.t{M '}l a}P rEa-- : --- -
'tIIn 'oN '266I neauoulls l+leqyg :uerpul uef,rraruy
-ur 'sulerq) Uear{ aq} s}ea xol a --. :: .
!
qlnos *)1L'oN'0O0Z azprue oprn» :uer8roaD 1*J0l'oN'SnS :uerurerTn *)0/_. !
'oN'agg:uerre8lng 1E0g'oN '€,66I rllarellf :LIruarC !ttOtaupal I ls[pry:uern]e-I ueap JIoM aql pue Jeaq aql alru,_,.,- -:-
'VBt,'oN 'lg6l rallntuqnrD / a1rlq :sluerre1/arnluralll eqllel xo; e pue teaq e'-IIo-\r ? =.:;
'GVl 'oN gW'9961 ,fura4) alqe, rrdosay :s{retua5
pa^raf,ap aq Jlasurrq lal a-\el{ }.. * ; .
:-
'1reaq e peq Jalau ,(a4uop sll{: -? -'- .
sdals pue Bur»eorf, sr or{,, Bor; e spurJ aH '}r,ri:*?J.ä:S'il?r:; ue8ro aq+ teq+ sarrlou uoll at{I' i*.:-:
aq lnq paualq3lq sr pue reor pnol e srear{ (uoU) xoJ V'fututuaßS ,(1+ar;as xoJ at{J {a1uop aL{} sll;1 * --
ffiaH affiH aq+
puu xo1 aqt dlsnorna.rd; ffioü a saqa&tlsaoul xoJ aqJ cc xo1 aq+ +nq 't{etv'e sunJ .ia1u..p r-.-
*e-
-1ue ;o 3u»1 aq+ Jo afr.\ras aL{} ol;. ,- --
.1967 ,,(a1uop e sapensrad (Soqa8paq -?';-- :-
'1e la aazleo3 :uef,rrlv t{}nog 1I »Xf,l :uerre8unH :ZOZ '98 'soN 'V96Lt{}ey-lasor\i -uop e lea o] sluean (Jlo.rr'ra8q r u,l .- ;
:ueurra :eVg6I IooX :uersrrC !
) ttOt aupal/d I sfprV :uern]e -I !g161"reddr;1 :ueruo]sg
'l6V 'IAI 'oN 'Iil'y666I soperpv :gtZ 'Z6L'soN '186I rallnuqnrD 'VOOZ,{ureqg-lf :ue))orolyu?:: ::=
/a{;t6 'Jr :ggt-Zgt 'tg6l IIaMod :lttZ'oN '696I qreqnl 'J) :62'oN 'M6I 't661t{uomsa133r,r1r1 :ourdrpl :S: I r,. .
allog l\ned1zg'oN 'IIA'99 'oN 'lI6981 dalralsao/Joqqur» :sluerren/arnluralr-I 1g*Ig'***Ig'soN'6961" uosel :uä.1 *-
'(en 'I) +.tuuaü ap ut)wo>l ar{} ul 06lL pue VfiT uaam}aq pa}uaurnf,og :s{retuay 'P la e[IeV1:tlslprn» 1I X X\]\ :.'-;: '.-
6ü salel IEruruv ü82 )tt vgz )tt
ril iii
r:,.if.
, i:]i§i*ri;6!ili*S**B@*§..j*lffiri*e,
'"ffffis""
 Hans-]ö FFC 284 : :C 284

Pu§kareva 1983, 67;Yakut: Ergis 1967, No. l2;Kazakh: Sidel'nikov 1958 I, l1lff .;
-e10, No. 11, El-Shamy 2004; South Air.
Uzbek: Afzalov et al. 1963I, 47ff.; Spanish-American: Robe 1973; Niger: Petites ichmidt 1,989 II, No. 550.
Seurs de ]6sus 7974, No. 4;Ethiopian: Gankin et al. 1960,z4gff.

554 The Fox Threatens to Cut Down the Tree and Gets Young Birds
-;68 The Fox (lackal) as Schoolm,
Magpies into Bringing their
(previously The Fox Threatens to Push Down the Tree). Afoxljackal)
previous Tip"r 56C and I.
threatens to cut down the tree (using his tail as a saw) of amother (magpie, woodpeckeq, dor-e
let him educate her childre
ffi l,Tf l;ill: K931.11. When the mother .,-
ffi fi*:F#,'iiilä-:t"täJil,::l;?:äl:ffi not there (shows her one tha
Thus the fox eats one of the chicks every duy. When only one is discovers what has happer,e.
dog pretends to be dead r1u:
l,:i:,*;#::+il5TJ["Jl[:ä:li.'t':11ä',#"?ä3ffi L',l::j+f : lKe11l. Cf. Type ZZ.
mother refuses to give the last chick to the fox, who decides to take
O\ the fox leaves befc:,
revenge on the neighbor bird. When he sees hel he pretends to be
viously Tipe 56C.)
dead. The bird approaches him, and the fox kills and äats her lK7Sl,
cf. K827.41. Cf. Typ" 1.
In some variants the for :
their teacher. Then he eats ::
Combination s: 6, 568, 56D , and ZZS.
Combinations: 56A, 154,223, and 14:
Remarks: Documented between 1774and 1190 in the Roman de Renart (Y,2I-246,
Remarks: Documented ca. 1200 in tho
Ya,247-263).
Literature/Variants: EM S (1987) ;:+-:_.
Literature/Variants: Chauvinl}g2ff .II,112 No .Bl;Dähnhardt 7go7tf.IV,27g_2g3;
innish: Rausm aa L9B2ff. V,No. 57; Es: :
cf. Dicke I Grubmüller 1987, No. 536; EM 5 (7987) 534-537 (M. Belgrader); '-977;
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ü.1; S-.,,
Schmid t 1999.
:nAB; Danish: Kristensen 1896, Nos :.
Finnish: Rausm aa1992ff .Y, Nos. 17, 56; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 7917f.I, Nos.
\911; Scottish: cf. Campbell 1890ff. L l-
18, 19,7-3; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1,977; Lithuanian:
II; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 19.:.
Kerbelyte 1999ff.I;Lappish, Karelian: Kecskemdti lPaunonen 1.974;Swedish:
:ena / Chevalier 1,995ff .I; Catalan: Or.,-
Liungman 1961,; Spanish: Camarena / Chevalier lgg\ff . I, Gonzdlez Sanz 1996;
i948,535f., Cardigos (forthcoming), \c, i
Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 7995ff.I; Catalan: Oriol lPujol 2113;Portuguese:
\eumann7971, No. 57, cf. Moser-Raih -
Oliveira7900ff. I, No. 20, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisia.r, kooi19B4a; Geiman: ,Jorsican: Massignon 1963, No. 6; Hur.:,
Lemke 7984ff.II, No.38, Ranke 1966, No.5, Henßen 7963a,No.33; Hungarian:
MNK I; Slovene: Kosi7890, 44f .; Macedonian: Miliopoulos 1955,72ff .;Bul[arian:
\o. 382, Dömötör 2001 , 287; Bulga:.,
Rr-rssiary Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS -,
BFP; Greek: Megas 1978; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Trirkish: '^978,
EberhardlBoratav 1953, No. 9 (1-3); Gypsy: MNK Xl;Dagestan: Kapieva lg1l, No. 41; Dagestan: Chalilor- 19r:
'\ akut: Ergis 1967;No. 8; Uzbek: cf . Scl- e
17ff ., Chalilov 1965, No. 7; Ossetian: cf. Biita ev lKaloev lglii,17f .,Levin lg7l,No.
Lörincz 1979; Georgian: Kurdol.ani,_-1-,
40; Cheremis f Mari, Mordvinian: Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974;Udmurt: Kralina
Bodker 1957 a, No. 448, Thompson R: :
1967, 69ff .; Kurdish:Druäinina 1.959,17ff .; Nenets: Pu§kareva 1g1g, 67; Siberian:
>outh American Indian: Wilbert / Simo:
Kontelov 1956,230f., Doerfer 7983II, No. 82;Yakut: cf. Ergis 7967, No. 9;Kazak: =
\lbän 2007, No. 3; Argentine: Hansen 1-
cf. Sidel'nikov 1958ff.I,207ff.; Turkmen: Stebleva 1g6g,Uo. f+; Tadzhik STE, Nos.
)6, Lacoste / Moli6 ras 7965 I, No. 1 I, E -:
34, 300, 320, 362, Kalmyk: Vatagin 1964, 258f .; Buryat: cf. Eliasov lg1g I, 267ff .;
Guinean: Klipple 1992, No. 56; East -{::
Mongolian: Michajlov 1962,782f., Heissig 1969, No. 13; Tuva: Taub e 1978, No. 4;
)004, No. 568; Namibian: Schmidt 19S; -
Georgian: Kurdovan idze 2000 ; Qatar: El-Sha my 2004; b anian: Marzolph 7984',;
7967 , Nos. 568, 56C, Grobbelaar 19E 1 ).,,
Indian: Jason 1989;Chinese: Ting 797l;Hawaiian: Kirtley 7971,No. K11l;Eskimo:
cf. Barüske 1991, No. 53; Spanish-American: Robe 1973; South American Indian:
Wilbert/Simoneau 1992,No. K751.;Brazilian: Cascudo 7955a,z17ff.,Alcoforadol 55C See lip" 568.
Albän 2001, No. 2;EgyPtian: El-Shamy 2}}4;Algerian: Riviör e 7882,No. 6,Lacoste I
Moulidras 1965 I, No. 17,B!-Shamy 2004;Märoccan: Laoust 7949,No. 26,p11- 55D Fox Asks Bird What She Does
2004; East African, Sudar,äse' Klipple 1992, No. 56, El-Shamy 2OA4; a bird (sparrow, duck, heron :
l\u*y
Ethiopian: Reinisch 1881ff. II, No.22,Gankinät ut. 1960,279f.;Eritrean: Littmann when it is windy (when she :
raLI slnd prlq aq] uar{M '(daa1s o1 sao8 aqs uaqzvr) ^,(puran sl }l uaqm uueurl+rT :uearllrg !rcrc'096I 'lE :: -"'; * :
:VOOZ dureqg-1E 'gg'oN 'a661 a';: '',.
{eaq raq r{}yvr saop aqs }eqm (o8urureg 'uoratl '>1cnp 'anorreds) prlq e -lE,'92'ol{ '6V6I }snoeT :upf lortrl., i
$lse (p>1ce[) *oJ V 'smolfl pu?M uary\ sao1 aqs +aq/\4 p,t?g sysv xoJ CIgg -I'g'oN 'ZBBT aJaL\r>I :tre uai -; ;- |
/ alsore
'g 99 ad,(1 f opercJo)lv ^ttTBZ'egg6l opn:se-l *r- -
aas f 99 :uerpul ue)rraurV t{+nos !€.16I ae..E : -
:ourDISl:ßL»'oN 'IL61 ,(a1UI) :u'r-:.: ,' i,
'gz€v'oN 'II 686I lpFur{)S 'fgg 'oN 'Tg6I rEelaqqorD ')gg'ggg 'soN '196-, lVg6lqdlozrel4l :ueIuErI 1f00r -itu:- :- *
'1e +a aazlao3 :uef,rrJvqlnos :gzw 'oN 'II6g6I +pgn{rs:uerqltueN :ggg 'oN'70cr.
ltr'oN 'gl6laqnel:eAnI !€.t'o\ :;: . : -
duregg-lg :ueruezue1-:ggOI emarv :uef,rrlv +seg 19g 'oN '266I alddrpl :ueaurnr- |fitgZ'I 6g6L ';r :1e.irng : .: i _
:VOOZ dureqg-lf :uetf,oro4 :VAOZ T(ureqg -IE ' '9; ^oseIIE
'soN 'gfS :>llqzpel
LI 'oN 'I 996T sergrlo141 / also re1, 1f I 'oN '696f E '.? - :-:"
'oN '676TlsnoeT :uerra8lv 1J++99'oNI 'lg1luasueH:auquaSrv 1t'oN 'IO1Zugql\ :4eze»16 'oN 'lg6L sr8,rg 'Il :]nIEi. -:
I opercJollv itrerlrzerg 1II8» 'oN '266T neauoruls / +raqllM :uerpul uerrraurv r{}nos :uerraq)S:L9 'tB6I elarelsnd :sta'*r'', --
:gtOt SrlI:aseurq) O9g 'oN '096I spaqo5/uosduroyl 'gW 'oN 'elg6l ra>lpog eurleJ) :Unup 1:VL6I uauoulteci :-: --:
:uerpul:VOOZ T(ureqg-l[ :uelrr(S :OAOZ ezprue^oprny :uer8roa) :6L6I zrulrgl 'oN '816l urlaT ''ILT '696I -\aolp\ '.: . - -
:uerlo8uohtr ldurp»:'#Z0l '6961urpraMaqrs 'J) :{aqzn!g 'ol{ '196l sr8rE :}nlp \ 'Lg6l enarde» :ue+sa8eq 1I X X\i.. - *
16'oN '9961 nordzefg:uer]assO:V 'oN '996l :uelsa8eg lw'oN'g/6;
ur^aT :qsn8ul-uar{raq):9L6I {o5l :qsr,,vra{ lSnS^olrler{)
:uerurer{n 'uerssnroladg 'uerssny :-
:uerre8lng :'#Zt'996l solnodollS \i -
!*Agg'oN 'g16l se8a14 :TaarD lagg :uerre8lng :nZ 'IAOZ rg]gurgO,'ZB€,'o\ :uerre8unH 1€€ 'oN 'e€,96I ua>-Tua;j : '
'266T rg]grrrecl 'Jl '*C9g 'oN 'I »NI I :uerre8unH 19 'oN '€g6luou8rssel4tr :ue)rsro-r :uerura ) :vVB6I Ioo» :ueISIrl :r i ; . -- - -- - :
:Et;t rurJeras/asa;r3 :ue{e}I 1/g 'oN 'V96I q}eu-rasotr\l 'lr'lg 'oN 'Il6Tuueurna-\ :asanSnuocl :gooz lo[nai Iotro :u:-':--. -
:ueurreD 1.C99 'ol\i 'eVg6I loo):uersuC 199'oN'(3uruort1+roy) so8rp"ref ''Jgtg'gF6'[ :90eI zues zalezuoD 'I 't!966I -r,. = ": - _-
eurlT ap sarrd :asan8npo4 lnOZ Iofna/lopo :uele]ef 1I 'JJ166I rarlenaq) leua- :qsrpams :VL6I uauouned llg'.r.\-- -- ' ;
-etrre3 :anbseg :gOOtzuesZalgzuoD'I 'JI166I rarle^aqf f euarcLue3 :qsrueds llll :ueruenqllT :ttOt aupal,\ slE:t- -. -
'IIV96y azQual/an.re1aq :qruatg!1'oN 6LZ'I'!J06gI
Ilaqdure3 'Jr :r{sr}}ors lttOX 'sol{ 11Ll6I uetu{teH :r{slpa-\l\--. -- -
'IIB» 'soN '9961 Sraqog :f,rpuelarl :gg-Og'soN '96gl uasualslr;1 :r{sruec lgVg:
'oN Vg€,'ggg 'oN 'Ig'lueru8unlT :LISrpaMS:I'jJ666I?+,{laqra» :ueruenq}lT :t6 j
1(;ape"r8l.g 'N) Ltg-Vtg (jS5; ;', r
.
aupalN I sfgrV :uern]e -I:gT6I aurev :ueruo] sg,: lg 'oN 'L'JJZ16T eautsne5 :qsnrurl :tgZ-1tz'Ll'ilL06Tlprequ{e6 : i: .:. :
'f9g 'oN '666I ]ppn{)g 1("raper81ag 'h[) l€g-Vgg (ßOD g 14iil :sluurru1 fatnletalll
'GZgt-gTtIx) +nua>I ap uütuoil aq+ ul 00ZI 'er paluaurnroC :s>Irer,uau '7VZ-IZ'1\) +,tuuaü ap Lruurc>l al{i -r: . - . " : *
'?VZ pue '€zz 'vgl 'vgg :suorlEulqurof
('.,O99 addl ^(lsnornar4) 'urat{} s}ea aq uaqJ 'raqrea} rraq}
saurof,aq pue uarpp{J s,uaq aq} sazpdeq xoJ aq} s}uerren auros uI 'LgLÄUaq slea pue sllq xoI al{r F*: --
('fqg addl dlsnorn ae ol spualard aq'ra.{ saas aL{ u:-.,."- :
-arcl) 'a8uanar a>lel uEf, raqloru aq] aroraq sa^eal xoJ aq] ,tO a)e+ o] saprJap oq^ 'xoI aql ol \--. - -- --
'7s adÄ; 'Jf '[tto»] aHI 'aaJ+ e uMOp ln) ]oLruPJ \tal L- -: - -
xo; aq] sllH pue (de4 e olur xo; aq] sarnl) peap aq ol spuala.rd 8op raq lnoqe (ard8eur ',rnorl) prlq .rr--- -- .-
atp '(nom) 8op e o] dlr.l roJ sao8 ,.{S 'pauaddr.l seq }eqm sralorsrp sr auo dpo uat{M {np .i:a ra .i--;-.1 : -
raqlout aq] aIFIM e raUV'(anqe ilps sr ]eql auo raq smorls) araql ]ou
are daql s^,(es xo; aq] 'tuaql ]lsln o] saurof, raqlotu aq] uaqM 'It'tgO» raq ur are qrlqm (s33a; slrrqr a-- : .
'II8)] tua{} s}ea xoJ arp 'lZ'ZZgI»] uarpp{r raq a}elnpa ulrq }al aqs ssalun (ale8ullr{8ru 'L{snrL{: r , :
o1 (euadq'p;edoa1 fioan) appolorJ e ro (anop 'rapadpooa,r'ard8eur) Jaqloru e Jo (,rvtes e se IIe] s+{ El-.:r. ::
prlq e sapens.rad (1epe[) xo, V ('*CIgg pue )9g sad,(1 snornard (p>1ce0 xo, V '(aatl aLlJ uizoe tlstrd ur- :
aq+ Surpnlrul) '(asnog slq o+u1 8uno7 ryaql 8u18u1.tg olut satd&ulN spt?g 8uno7 s+ag pua aaq a44 ir.'- -- 1
aql sapansncl xoJ aqldlsnorna.rd; nlsurulooq)S sa (pycal) xoJ aqJ g9S
'JI6ZZ'096I 'lE ia u:'{ *: -
'099 'oN 'Il 6g6T lpFur{rs salrlad :ra8r111 :etA aqo5 :uPllra';: -- -
'186I reelaqqorD 'L96I 'le la aazlao]:uef,rrJvqlnos lv0\z{ureqg-lll'II'oN '0167 |Jltgt 'I 896I AoIru,lapls :I+[PZE\ :-
I9 saPI IeuIruV ?82 fCC 782 fCC
,#ffituij
'.{ffi§t
52 Hans-före Uther ..C 284 Anin-

head under one wing to demonstrate, the fox gobbles her up In some variants, the fc':
1K827.11. too bad that such a beautil'.:

Combinations: 56.4. - ombination s: 3oA, 225.

Remarks: Documented inKalila and Dimna (No. 81). Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrv 196a -
Literature/variants: Chauvin1,892ff.Il, 112 No. 81, 1s1 No. 13; Dähnhardt 1907ff. ,::rd 1190 in the Roman de Renart (Ii,S-l-
[Y,283f.; cf. Dicke/Grubmüller 1987, No. 536; Schmidt 1999. Literature/Variants: Ervert 1892; Cl',: -
Latvian: Aräjs /Medne l977;Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Frisian: Kooi 19g4a; German: I ronkowski 1943; Pedersen/Holbek I -
Neumann 1971, No. 11, Tomkowiak 1993, 236; slovakian: GaSpar(kov 6 1991f. rr, -i6-1, 185; Tubach 1969, No. 277;, i'
No. 458; Slovene: Kosi 1890, 44f.; Croatian: GaällNeweklowsky 19g3, No. 52; :.i ideland 1987, 235; Dicke / Grubn', -.'
Greek: Megas 1978;tJkrainian: SUS, No. 56D*; Georgian: Dfur t920, No. 34; 726, M.138; EM 11,1(2003)131-ir:
!-!ines9: Ting 1978; West Indies: Flowers 19S3; Algeriin, Moroccan: El-Shamy :;nnish: Rausmaa 7982ff.V, Nos. 59 '
2004; Namibian: schmidt 1989 rr, No. 428; south African: Coetzee et al. L96i,
-'; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: ''
Grobbelaar 1981, SchmidtlgSg II, No. 428. -99ff . I; Livonian, Lappish, S1'rianr "
--Llngman 1961; Norwegian: Ho.1:-.
55A* Fox Plays Dead and Catches Bird. Afox (cat) pretends to be dead in - -rilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; Er,:
order to catch a bird (crow) that comes near him. The fox eats it --'l \o. lo3; Spanish:Camarertr t : .

[K827.4, K9111. --:rg 1998, No. K334.1; Catalan: \e,-.:

--
In some variants the fox blows up his stomach like a balloon, so -, rtuguese: Soromenho / SoromerJ-
.

:-q); Dutch: Sinninghe 1943, SchiP:.:

that he seems to be dead and bloated. -..rr,: Moser-Rath7964, No. 267, Ton'..-
01, the fox lies beside the hens' roosting place and pretends to be
. ..r 1 i an: Cirese / Serafini 197 5 ; Sardini.'. :-
sick. When the hens come near him, he kills them [Kg2S.2]. Cf. Type 1.
.-, E; Hungarian: MNK I, DömötÖr -

-r', oiäk 1978, No. 2177;STovakiä11: c:::

Combinations: 56,4,.
.::r0, 57; Croatian: GaäI/Neweklor' ..
Literature/Variants: Tubach1969, Nos. 2123, 2!76;Herlrie|1976,188f.; cf. Dicke \c' :
/ .--.:rlaj / Schier-Oberdorffer 197'1,
Grubmüller 1982 No. 206;MarzolphI992II, No. 109. :
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff_.v, No.58; Estonian: Kippar 19g6; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö - Jewish: Noy 1976; Georgian: L -::
S;
- -, ; Aramaic: Lidzbarski 1896, 13r:
t-)
1999ff.I; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Icelandic: Eoberg 1966, No. K911; Spanish: ',,r. 360, Thompson/Roberts 1960. T':.
Camarena/Chevalier t995ff .r, Goldberg 1998, No. «eza.z;Basque: Camärena/ :52, No. 12; Filipino: Fansler 19li -1

Chevalier 1995tf . I; Cat41l: Neugaard 1993, Nos. K822.4, KSZä.2; portuguese: t79, 451; Spanish-American, \lL'\' :
Camarena/Chevalier 199-Sff.l; Dutch: Schippers 1995, No. 447;Flemish:il4"y", \'.serian: Walker/Walker -l961. -1<:
!268 ; Hungurian: MNK I; Mordvinian: Keiikem6ti /
paunonen 197 4; F ilipino :
-.irlcan: Coetzee et aL.7967; Malaga-'
Wrigglesworth 1981, 242ff.; Spanish-American: TFSp 17 (1941) 115f.; South
American Indian: wilbert/simoneau 1992, No. K911; East African: Klipple 1992,
No.56. rS The Crocodile Carries tlre I
river in order to get 'or-. '
558*-56C" He persuades a crocodil.
See Type 223.
During the ride, the ral'}.-,
56D* See Type 568.
camel is chased on the c-P-:
the crocodile, offendetl, ..
56E* SeeType223. rabbit escapes.
In some variants a mi':-
57 Raztenuith manded to count the cro; -
Cheese inHis Mouth. Afox flatters a raven (crow), who
is carrying next to each other [855]] H
a piece of cheese (meaf breadcrust, a grape) in his beak,
by complimenting him on his beautiful singing voice. The raven and is able to cross the ri'...
wants to sing to the fox and drops the cheese. The fox grabs it and
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 19t'-
gobbles it up [K334.1 , cf . A2426.2.6].
:;hmidt 1999.
,-rkut: Ergis 1967, No. 14; Tadzl-rik
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 54 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 .: C 284

Thompson/Roberts 1960; Indian: Bodker 1952a, Nos. 256,257, Thompson/

eagle and hog [K2131.1]) r' ]
Roberts 1960, Jason 1989, Nos. 58, 60*A; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Robertj 1960;
Chinese: Tingl978;Cambodian: Sacher 1979,971f.;Vietnameie: Karow 1972,No.
and kill each other (ther .i-
141; Malaysian: Overbeck 1975,224ff.; Indonesian: Vries 1925f. II, 399 No. 7;
japanese: lkeda1971; Filipino: WrigglesworthlgSI, No. 16;AfricanAmerican: Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965, :i
Parsons 19234 Nos. 40, 41; Chrlean: Pino Saavedra 1987, Nos. 5, Z West African: :rsion of Kalila and Dimna.
Zwernemann 1985,105ff .; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004, No. 58As; Kenyan: Geider Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum l r
1990 r,244. -ili., 285 not. 16.
.- :talan: Camarena / Chevalier 1 99 r :
'.1oser-Rath 1964, No. 75, Tomkorr'r:...
59 The Fox and the Sour Grapes. A fox (cat,bear, jackal) cannot reach
-ii; Buryat, Mongolian: Lörincz -:
some grapes (pea.s, rowanberries, pomegranates, flesh, cheese). He rompson/Roberts 1960; Burmese: I
persuades himself that they are not ripe enough to eat (that they rompson/ Roberts 1960; Chinese: l.:
stink, or that he cannot eat them because it is a fast day)llgz1l. : .iipino: Ramos 1953, 70ff .; African -:,:'
In some variants the fox tries in vain to pick some pears. He : gerian, Moroccan, Sudanese: F --
follows after a donkey, hoping that his testicles, whlch he thinks are I 1.59*.
pears, will fall off so he can eat them 112066.11. When this does not
happery the fox telts himself that they were black and smelly. Cf. "0 Fox and Crane lnztite Eaclt
§pe 115. crane (stork, woodpecke: :
In Iberian variants, the fox wants to steal fruit at night and asks him soup (milk, mush) ir, .,
for some light so he can see it. He is nearly caught by ihunter. The the food. The crane invitr- .
fox says he did not want that much light. Cf. Type 67. food in a bottle (ta1l jar ), .:
the fox cannot eat the fooi
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1,96s,424 No. 15). Ca. 1200 documented in the In some variants the .:
Roman de Renart (XI,257-333). Popular as a proverbial phrase. parts of the tale är€ r€\'€r:<
Literature/variants: Chauvin 1892ft.III, 79 No. 59; peäersen/Holbek 19611.r,
No. 94; Dicke /Grubmnller 1987, No. 214; EM 5 (1987) 527-534 (I. Köhler); Dolby- Combinations: 41., 225.
stahl 1988; Marzolphlgg2il,No. 1119; Dekker etaL.1g97,122; Adradosbssff.lil, Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 196a r
Nos. H. 15ab, M. 505.
-t\,
Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff .y, No. 61; Estonian: Kippar 1986;Latvi.an: Aräjs/Medne Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1891::
1977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytö19991f.I; Swedish: Liungman 1961, No. G'S59; Irish: 'ro. 66; Schwarzbaum 7964,186; Ivb:.
Ö Sriilleabhain/Christiansenlg63;French: DelarueTTenaze yjOSff.IiI, Cifarelll :.hn,arzbaum 1979, 269-272; Peter. -
1993, No. 450; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1.995ff.I, Nos. Sg, SgA, Gonzälez :\I 5 (1987) 503-511 (W. Maaz); Acr:
Sanz 1996, No. 59Au Goldberg 1999 No. j871.;Basque:Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. :innish: Rausmaa 1,982ff.V, Nos. 6l :
I, No. 59A; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. IB71; Oriollpujol 2003; portuguese: l1;Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: -
oliveira 1900ff.rr, No. 353, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: schippers 1993, No. ')99ff. l; Lappish, Lydian, Kareiia.
431; Frisian: KooiL984a; German: Tomkowiak 1993,214f., Hubrich-Messow 2000, -
lllngman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne -
Berger 2001; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1,975, De Simone 1994, llLft.; Maltese: -:ish: Ö Stiitleabhäin/ Christianser. -
Mifsud-C_hircop L978;Hungarian: MNK I, Nos. 59, 59A*1, Dömöt ör 199e,No. 423; 1993, No. 438; Spanish: Ca:-
Slovene: Kosi 1894, 72f .; Serbian: Vröevi6 1g6gl.I, No. d90, cf. No. 419; Bosnian:
-ifarelli
-996, Goldberg1998, No. J1565.1; Ba..:
Krauss/Burr et aL.20A2, No. 6; Bulgarian: BFp; Greek: Megas 197g; Russiary \eugaard 1993, No. J1.565.1, Oriol I'.;
Ukrainian: SUS; ]ewish: Noy 1976; Uzbek: Schewerdin LSSS, Sg; Georgian: (forthcoming); Dutch: :.
-19, Cardigos
Kurdovanidze 2000; saudi Arabiary Iraqi: El-shamy 2004; Indian: Badker 19s7a, . lemish: Meyer 1968; Cerman: N{ose:
No. 269, Thompson/Roberts L960, No. 64; Burmeie: cf. Kaseviö/Osipov 1926, nubrich-Messow 2000; Italian: Cire::
No. 87; French-American: Ancelet 1994 No. 13; Mayan: peflalosa l992iAlgenan: Jungarian: MNK I, Dömötör 1992, \a
scelles-Millie 1970,l7If.; Moroccary sudanese: El-shamy 2004; south Alrican: ...tian: Bo§kovi.-stulli 1,963, 39f.; \1:
Coetzee etal.1967.
-epenkov/Penu§liski 1989 IV No. ir::
Jberdorffer 1974, No. 55; Greek: t"\le:.
59* The lackal as Trouble Maker. A jackal (cat, fox) carries dissent :US; Jewish: Noy 1976; Chuvash: Kec
between two animals (e.g. lion and tigeq, lion and bull[K2721.2], :t a1. 1989, No. 165; Nenets: Pu§karer :
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II{ pue ^
1096I spaqo5/uosduoql :ue:flrpl Ir<
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99 saleJ Ieruruv r8z ll: 782 t{c
56 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284
.:a 294

STF, No. 380; Georgian: Kurdovanidze2000; Iraqi, Saudi Arabian: Nowak 1969, :1B Cat, Rooster anil For (pre..
No. 4, El-Sharny 2004; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984;Indian. A cat and a rooster live, tL,:
Jason 1989; ]apanese: Inada I Ozaw a 1977ff .; North American Indian: Thompson ens). !{[.'11 the cat goer , L::
1919, 450; Spanish-American: Robe 1973; Puerto Rican: Hansen 1957; South the door to the fox (not i.
Americanlndian: Karlinger/Freitas 1977,No.23;Mayan: Peflalosa L992;Brazll-
i23.) The fox comes and . -.:
ian: Romero / Cascudo 1954 II, 288f., 34311.; Chilean: Mihara 1988, N os. 9, 27 ;
Argentine: Chertudi 1960f.1, No. 19; West Indies: Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: on his tail).
Parsons 1923b I, 373; Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Laoust 1949, No. 15, When the cat comes ;-.
El-Shamy 2004; Guinean: Klipple 1,992; East African: Arewa 1966, No. 1001, goes to the fox's der-r. I-.
Klipple L992;Srdanese: Klipple 1992;Eritrean: El-Shamy 2004; Central African: (poetry), eats them, anci :. -
Lambrecht 1962 No. 1001; South African: Coetze e et al. 1967; Malagasy: Haring ants the rooster has a1rc.: -:
1982, No. 2.2.60, Klipple 1.992. Or, the cat rescue: tlr.
fox catches him on a late : .-
67 The Eox Persuailes the Rooster to Crow with Closed Eyes. Afox
meets a bird (rooste1, partridge) whom he persuades to sing (dance) i.emarks: Documented in 1795 in i -
for him. He asks the bird to close its eyes as his father had always Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaun-. - .,.
done (the fox comes near the bird, pretending that he cannot under-
:!1, No. K815.15; EM 7 (1993)jl]l
: :-,nislr: Rausmaa 7982ff.V, No. 6-1 E.
stand it). The fox grabs the birdfK72l, KS15.11. Cf. Type 56D.
-. 7; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ir
In many variants, the bird, caught in the fox's mouth, induces him -

to speak, e.g. to say grace before he eats or to tell someone what he

has caught. When the fox opens his moutlu the bird escapes [KS61.1]. -rech: Jech 19E4, No. 1; Slovakiar-.r i...,
- elorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; NI.rr-:
Cf. Types 6, 122A, 7228*, 227, and 227*. Kurdovanidze 2000; Indran: c- :
- .rn:

Combinations: 6.
Remarks: Documented in the 7th century in a poem of Alcuin (died 804 C.E.),
rl Peace among the Animctls -
then between 1174 and 1190 in the Roman de Renart (II,276465).
wants to catch a roo:t(r. -:
Literature/Variants: BP II,207f.; Pauli/Bolte t924II, No. 743; pedersen/Holbek a tree (on a dunghill, ro.,.,
t9 6tf . lI, No. 11 6; Schwarzbaum 19 64, 186; Schwarzbaum 19 69, 127 ; y ates 19 69 ; order to lure the rooster. ::- -
Powell 1983,1.39-146; Dicke/Grubmüller 1982 No. 187; EM 5 (1987) 494498 (K. that all animals are unrtr;
Reichl); Adrados 1999If.III, Nos. M. 348, not-H. 260,M.495. The rooster tells the ii .
Estonian: cf. Kippar L986;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne t97Z; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö that maybe they are brirr: -
l999ff.I; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Kristensen fox is about to run ar.r.ar, : - -
1896, Nos. 75,76;Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Scottish: Campbell 1890ft.I,279t.;hish: he is not sure wheth. r :,
Ö stilleabhain/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tändze 1964ff.ilL, Cifarelli K579.8, K815.1.11.
1993, No. 449;Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.I; Catalan: Neugaard 1993,
In some variants the i.
No. K721, Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho e{al.196Zf.I,
peace treaty, and promise. :
Nos. 2, 13, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: cf. Schippers 1995, No.434; Flemish:
Meyer 1968; Walloon: Legros -1962; Gerrnan: Tomkowiak 1,992, 212, Hubrich- bird comes near the for'. ::-
Messow 2000; Italian: Cirese/SerafiruI97i; Hungarian: MNK I; Czech: Jechl9}4, Or, the fox offers to ::_-
No. 1; Slovene: Brinar 1904,9ff.; Croatian: Valjavec 1890, No. 67;Bulgarian:BFp; wants to wait until the In-..
Greek: Megas 1978; Russian: Moldavskij 1955,165f .; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav ar,r,ay, claiming he forgot .-
1953, No. 2, Alptekin 1994, Nos. IlI.42, Ill.43; Dagestan: Chalilov 1965, No. 7;
Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, No. 10; Uzbek Laude-Cirtautas 1.984, No. 1; Tadzhik: Combinations: 20D*.
STF, No. 284; Syrian El-Shamy 2004; Chinese: Ting 1,978; Korcan: Zaborowski Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 196a ='
1975, No. 79; Spanish-American, Mexican: Robe 1,973; Ecuadorian: Carvalho- 174 and 1190 in the Rornan de Re rt,,., . _

Neto 1966, 33ff.;Brazilian: Alcoforado I Albdn2001, No.4; SouthAfrican: Coetzee ..r les.
et aL.1967. Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892fi r-
, 907; Schwarzbaum 1964, 186; Tubacl-.
-
614 See Type 20D*. ,969; Lumpkin 1,970; Schwarzbaun.r l:
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xoly 'safrX pasol) qflm mor) o, ti
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s8uos qlr.u ualplrlltr s,xo; aql salrlua aH .uap s,xoJ aLIl o1 sao8 'I00I 'oN tgg6L e1ylatY :uPfllrk- t>Pf
t
aq'auoB sr ralsoor aLIl ]erll soos pue aluoq saurof le) aql uaLIM '9I'oN 6l6L $noe1 :uerroro1\ :ilt_r: .
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-Uze tg :Z66l esoleqa6 :ue-,ie1,1 :€f 'o-\ .
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uado o1 lou Jalsoor aL[] sure,\,r. aq /]unLI o1 1no sao8 ]El aq] uaq1u1 .(sua uosduroql :uprpul uef,Iral[V rpro\ :'§
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**,{fllt
5B Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 .:C 284 At',:::'

Grubmüller 1987, No. 183, cf. No. 299; EM 5 (1987) 341146 (H. Schwarzbaum); r2* Forbidden to Sit inTrees, I:'.
Adrados L999ff. III, No. M.494, cf. No. H.268; Schmidt L999;Marzolph/Van fox tries to convince them ::'
Leeuwen 2004, No. 413. from roosting in trees. H. .

Finrrish: Rausmaa 1982ff.V, No. 65; Estonian: Kippar 1986;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne catches and eats them.
1977;Lithuaruan: Kerbelytö 1999ff.1; Livonian: Loorits 1926; Norwegian: Hodne In some variants dogs :
1984; Danish: Kristensen L896,52 No. 15; Scottish: Campbell 1890ff. I,227 No.4;
Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin / Christianse n 1.963; French: Delärue / Ten dze 1964ff . IIl, t- iterature/Variants:
Cifarelli 1993, No. 1,60, cf. No. 157; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. l,
:.tonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Arät. l
Gonz6rlez Sanz 1996; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. 11421,, OriollPujol 2003;
Tervish: Noy 1963a, No. 2, Jason 1tr':'
Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff.I, No. 6, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Schippers
_ -r4.
1995, No. 451; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: Moser-Rath
1964, Nos. 85, 1,61,206, Tomkowiak 1993, 21Lf ., Berger 2001; Italian: Cirese/
Serafini 1975; Sardinian: Rapallo 1982f .;Htngarian: MNK I Dömötör 1992, No. :i The Fox Rids Himself o.f Fi;
370; Slovene: Matiöetov 1,973,743; Serbian: Vröevi6 L868f .I, No. 413, cf. No. 425, (grass, moss, wood) in hi. ::
KaradLi(.1937 , 285 No. 24; Bosnian: Krauss / Burr et a7. 2002, No. 7; Macedonian: The fleas in his coat jump -
VraZinovski 1977,No. 17;Greek: Megas 1978, Nos. *61*,62,*62A,"628; Polish: Then the fox lets go of the .

Krzyäanowski 1962t. I; RussiarL Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: cf.

Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 2; Jewish: Noy 1976, Keren/Schnitzler 1981,, No. 20; liemarks: Documented in the 9th c..-
Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, No. 11; Kurdish: DruZinina 1959, 11.f.; Kazakh: -.arL literary source (13th centun :::
Sidel'nikov L952,301f ., Reichl 1986, No. 26; Kara-Kalpak: Volkov 1959, No. 49; - . AIso a modern legend.
Tadzhik: STF, No. 54;Qatar, Lebanese, Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph literature/Variants: EM 5 (1987) lsl-'
1984, Nos. 62,*62; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Indian: Badker1957a, r :rnish: Rausmaa 7982ff .Y, No. 66; E.,
Nos. 390, 39L, cf . Nos. 392, 571,628, Thompson/Roberts 1960, Jason 1989; North r-7; Danish: Kristensen 1896, No: -
American Indian: Thompson 1.919,450; Spanish-American: Robe 1,973; African -: Irish: Ö Sfiiileabhäin/Christiar.r.e:-
American: Parsons 1923a, No. 69, Dorson 1958, 1,65f.; South American Indian: 32; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003: F-
Hissink/Halrn 1961, No.365; Brazilian: Cascudo L955a,268ff., Alcoforado/Albän
=rnran: Zender 1984, 35; Hur-rgariar. i,
2001, No. 5; Chilean: Pino Saavedral987, Nos. 1, 9; Argentine: Chertudi 1960f.I, : :zr'2anowski 79 62f . I; Russian: \ 1.- -,:
.

No. 20, II, No. 9; Egyptiary Tunisian: EI-Shamy 2004; Algerian: Basset 1882 No. : .'berts 1960; Indian: Bodker 195, a ).:
9, Basset 1892 No. 71, E1-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004;EastAfricaru - :rerican: TFSP 27 (1957) 1,09; Sor-rtr' :
Sudanese: Klipple t992;Ethiopian: Gankin et aL.1960,212f.; Namibian: Schmidt
1989 ll, No. 560; South African: Coetzee et al. 1967, Grobbelaar 1981, Schmidt :f See Type 2A.
198911, No. 560.

:5 The She-Fox's Suitors. l'

62A Peace between Woloes and Sheep. The wolves convince the sheep
{orms:
(goats, shepherds) that the dogs are responsible for the enmity (1) In order to test his ','
between sheep and wolves. The sheep agree to deliver the dogs to dead. The widow reject> :r--
them as hostages (for punishment). The wolves eat the unprotected none of them has nine t;..-
sheep [K2010.3].
comes who has nine tarl> .:-
Or, the sheep give the dogs to the wolves as hostages and take old fo.. who was supporq.'
the young wolves in return. The sheep are attacked by the wolves
He beats his wife and hc.r :
lK1e1l.
[1211.6].
(2) An old fox is trulr :
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,450 No. 153).
stag, hare, bear, and Ii,,1'
Literature/Variants: Arlotto/Wesselski 1910 II, No. 198; Pauli/Bolte 1924 I, No.
447;Pedersen/Holbek 1.96Lf. lI, No. 86; Tubach 1969, No. 5357, cf. No. 5358; vtidow. Only the younS r.
Schütze 197 3, 87 -89 ; Schwarzbaum L97 9, 325-329; Dicke / Grubmüller 1 982 No. is he whom she marrie:.
504. (3) ln Hungarian vari.r' -
French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 54; Spanish: Goldberg 1998, Nos. K191, K2010.3; they invite other foxes to :r'.,
Catalan: Neugaard 1995, No. K191; Dutch: Schippers 1995, No. 349; Hungarian: be sick and asks for an ar.
Dömötör 2001,277.
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'pua8al uraporu E osly i, 16,'oN /696I :1ed1e;-erer :,r
-
't1t) utlatnduq urlg ',ttnqylJo snrse^raD aas '(iJlluar i{}€I) arrnos drera]tl r-rt-.
:rpleze» !'lW^o)lo
'eg* eururzrLrc :q:r
-orng dlreg 'alopJaue uprqErv lre se .(rnluar LIl6 aql ur paluarurl)ocl :sIreuaI 102 'oN '186 t ralztnnrJs/ uara) '9j6[ .i
']r :qsDIrnJ 19619 :uerurerry1 'uel:sru
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loolr ar]j Jo oB s]al xo] aql uaLII :qsrlod : gZ9 *'yZ9 *'29' *I9 *'so-\'Sj6tr
'loom aLI] uo are Llraql :u€ruoparel4l ll 'oN'2002'IE ]a rtng !
Jo ile lqun pruMroJ dunf leoc sq ur sualJ aLIJ
'rale-^\ aql olut d1,r'r.o1s s{Jeq pue Lljnou srq ur (poom ,ssour ,sser8) '927'oN 'lr'tlt'oN 'I 'r898I }ralr-\ r
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loo^\ Jo LIrLrnq e sa>iet (1epet) xoly lo l1asun11 sptü xof a1J :-
/asarr3 :uErlBlI 11667 ra8rag "IIII E
'lt qlp5-rasolN :uerrrraD 19961 :a.ia11 :rp-
- sraddrqrg :qrlnq 1(Srmlorqpogi $S!
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:sluprrEA/arnlEralr 'I' 11966I rarl€^aqJ / euarpr[el :r{:rnir
I 'IIII 'llh96l azQual / aruelaC :tlrl.ralJ :
:V 'oN IZZ'I'llo6gy laqdure3 :r{sq:L1rr
de,r,re xoy aq] aseq) pLre auro: sBop sluerJel auros uI
^q aupoH :uer€aa,uo51 1926I s+Iroo-I :ueru
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plre aq] Burlearq ro ..,aqr sasn)re ,Tir'l'ii;Xo,fä:H[]
^,\er ",
Luaq] sprqroJ leul noel e sr ara.-ll leLI] urall] aJur^uo, o1 ."rr1
^rau "oi
ue 6 1 qdloz rcIN : 6661]ptllrps :Sli -[
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60 Hans-Jürg Uther FFC 284 :: : 284 .\:::

groom is dead, the bride invites more and more guests. A hare , .:nribian: Schmidt L989 lI, No. 501: :

notices that the husband is alive but is unable to warn the others. -<9 II, No. 503.
The old widower catches them, kills them, and skins them. Cf. Type
1360C. :rB Sham-Dead(Hidden)Anitrr;
another (dangerous) ani::-
Combination s: 20C, 2032. dead [K1860] (is hiding ) tc, .
Remarks: Documented between 1190 and 1195 in the Roman de Renart (Ib,2749- dead animals open their :
3219). animal does this. The jac...
Literature/Variants: BPI,362-364; Wesselski 1931,97; Taylor 1933,78; HDM 2 aw ay) 1K607.2. 1, K607. 3l
(1934-40) 229t. (H. Diewerge), 176f .; EM 5 (1987) 236-240 (M. Belgrader).
Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: cf. GrundtviglSllff.III, No.403; German: i,emarks: Documented in the India:
Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 38, Hubrich-Messow 2000, Berger 2001; Hungar-
-: terature/Variants:
ian: MNK I, No. 65**; Polish: KrzyLanowski 1962f. II, No. 1350A; Turkish: ::roese: Nyman 1984; Spanish: Car-.,
Eberhard / Bo ratav 1953, 413f . :ian: Ei-Shamy 2004; Pakistar-Lr: ,:
::Ia, Nos. 515, 517, 526-529, j:-
65* The Fox Catches a Beetle (previously The Fox Fries a Beetle by the -. :mese: Esche 197 6, 148ff .; Sri Lar.-r,:
Rioer). A fox finds a beetle beside a river and wants to fry it. How- --S:L-rdonesian: Vries 1925f. I. No. ji -
eve4, the only fire is on the opposite side of the river (the fireplace is -:6, No. K607.3; Spanish-Amerrc::
from last year). The fox eats the beetle raw, but he imagines it was -lla, No. 167, Harris 1955, 36fi.; \ 1. ,

fried and thinks it was a little bit too crisp. Cf. Type 7262. , '. 66*C; Costa Rican: Robe 1973; Si -;
. :. . 337; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992; Br;.-,
Literature/Variants:
-:ies: Fiowers 1953, No. K607.3; Su:
Estonian: Kippar 1,986;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977; Lithuanian: Aleksynas 1974, -::ican: Lambrecht 1962 Nos. 123-1 -
414 No.20; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff .I; Catalan: cf. Oriol/Pujol 2003;
Serbian: Krauss/Burr et al.2002, No. 8; Greek: Megas 1978, No. *69. :ri-* See Type 67**.

66A "Hello, House!" An animal (crocodile) wants to catch a weaker :,:,A* The Fox Buys Himself o Pii
animal (jacka1, monkey) and hides in wait in its den. When the jackal hay begins to burn. Tl-re i-'
comes home he smells danger (sees tracks going into his den but not singes himself.
coming out). He calls out several times, "Hello, house!" When no
one replies, the jackal announces that usually the house answers -iterature/Variants: Schwarzbaurr,, -
him. The animal in the den then answers, and the jackal knows that :.:onian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Ar.rr.
someone is in his den. He runs away (kills the intruder) [K607.1,
K17221. Cf. Type 50A. : - The Fox in a Szoollen Rit er
to be Szoimming to Distrrtl
Combinations: Various combinations but no type frequently. river loses control of his :
Remarks: Documented in the Indian lltuka (No.57). distant town [i873].
Literature/Variants: Hatami L977, No.48; EM 6 (1990) 407-4IO (H. Mode);
Schmidt 1999. F.emarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 19c: =
Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Indian: Bodker 1957a, No.533, Thompson/ L iterature/Variants: Schwarzbaum, -
Roberts 1960, Jason 1989; Tibetian: O'Conr"ror 1906, No. 20; Chinese: Tir.i1978; -'-'anish, Basque: Camarena / Che-, .-
Indonesian: Vries 1925f. I, No. 84 If Nos. 92, 111,; Japanese: cf. Ikeda 1977;Flli- .:eek: Megas 1978; Jewish: No1, 19, ,: :
pino: Wrigglesworth 1993, No. 35; Spanish-American: Robe 1973; AfricanAmeri- ':rompson/Roberts
1960, No. 64 tl'r
can: Harris 1955,551,ff .; Mexican: Robe 1973; Dominican, puerto Rican: Hansen
1952 No. **748; South American Indian: Hissink/Hahn'J.961., No. 115; Mayan: :l-* TheFoxCaughtbyButcher.
Peflalosa 1,992; Chllean: Flansen 1957, No. **74B,Pino Saavedra 1987, No. 10, goes into a house to stea, :.
West Indies: Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: Parsons 1923b1, Nos.24, 108; East
Finding no way out, he p11;
African: Arewa 1966, No. 2086; Eritrean: Littmann 1910, No. 10, EI-Shamy 2004;
farmeg, old man) into the r.:,
ol uroor aql olq saLISnr ueur aLIl UaLIM arrJ aLI] olul (ueru p1o taLureJ 17997 .,(tueqg-li1'0I'oN /016I uueuq]rl
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aq ol spualard oq.rt (alrpororc ,xoJ) Ieurrup (snora8uep) rallloue
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62 Hans-|örg Uther FFC 284 -c 284 {r.::

rescue his boots, the fox escapes through the open door [K634.1].
-l Eritrean: E1-Shamy 2004; Easr i:
Oq, a fox is caught in a bakehouse and pretends to look for a back
: :ican: Fuchs 1961,214ff.
door. His captors run to the rear and the fox escapes through the
front [K542.1]. (Previously Type 66**.) : S.\ The lug as Trap. (Includir:
head inside a jug to eat rr i-..
Literature/Variants: his head and is caught {.r,
Irish: Ö Srlilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963;Frisian: Kooi 19844 No. 66**; Flemish: In order to remove il're .-
Meyer 1968, Nos. 66**, 67** . himself. Or he tries to ba.;'
In some variants t1-re :--
67 A* Trash Substituted for Booty Taken from Fox's Bag (previorsly Game his neck or his tail in orcie:
Taken from Fox's Bag and Trash Substituted). This miscellaneous (Previously also Type 65E
type consists of various tales about a fox (antelope) with a sack of
booty (goslings, peanuts). Another animal (dog, chicken, leopard) ].emarks: Documented in the f -ith c.
steals the contents of the sack and substitutes stones (ashes, thorns) -iterature/Variants: EM 8 (1996) :r-
lK526l. Cf.Type327C.
. ,r.ian: Aräjs/Medne 1986, No. 6:i
Literature/Variants: - :B; Lydian: Kecskem6ti/Pauncrne.
:13, No. 2; German: Grannas 191-
Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ft. I; Saudi Arabian: El-Shamy 2004; IJS-
American: Baughman 1966, No. K526.4*;Mexican: Robe1972, No.8, Robe 1973, :. -..,'akian: Ca§parfkovä 1991f. I, \o
No. 122*Q; Puerto Rican: Hansen1957, No. **67C; Peruvian: F{ansen 1957, Nos. - :lqarian: BFR Nos. 684, 688; Cre.'.
**67C, **678, MacDonald 1982, No. K526.2; Bolivian: MacDonald 1982,
No. \o. 163; Russian, Byelorussian: SL':
K526.2*; Argentine: Hansen 1952 No. "*67E;Egypttary Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004; - :bek: Afzalov et al. 1963 l, 45i., Ii:
' :-.. 72; Georgian: Kurdovanidze lrl
East African: MacDonald 1982, No. K526.3"; Central African: Lambrecht 1967,
No.553. : lian: Hertei 1953, No. 69; Chine.e
-:'.ad: cf. fungraithmayr 1981, No, l: :

'. rth human actors).

58 The lackal Trapped in the Animal Hide. A jackal (gopher) climbs
inside an elephant (through the anus) and eats it from the inside [cf.
F929.1]. The elephant dies and the jackal is unable to get out because :iB See Type 684.
of the shrunken carcass. He induces the rain god to make rairy and,
when the water bloats the carcass, the jackal is able to climb out :S' The Fox feers at the Fox Tr
This tale exists chieflr' ir. .:.
[K5 65.2, K7022.1..1.].
(1) A fox sees a trap ar-
In some variants, the elephant lets the jackal climb in to share the
water which the elephant has drunk. Once inside, the jackal begins approaches it. The trap c'.
(2) A magpie, a cro\\ .
to eat the elephant's flesh [K952.1.1]. In other variants, the elephant
is already dead when the jackal climbs inside it. becomes caught in it [T61:
(3) A swallow warns .-:
The elephanf s children open the dead animal to find out why it
died. They discover a hyena and a gopher inside 112136.6.11.The birdlime. They disregar; :

gopher claims that the hyena alone caused the animal's death. Type 233C.

Combinations: 175.
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 19c:
Remarks: Documented in the Indian l7tuka (No.148). Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1891i:
::hrvarzbaum 7979,45 No.9; cf. \1,:.
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 1979, 215, 2L7 not. 29.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. VI, No. 293; Tadzhik: cf. STF, No. 92; Mongolian: :.tonian: Kippar 1986; Lappish: Qr r:,
Lörincz 1979; Indian: Badker 1957a, Nos. 710-714, 787, 788, Thompson/ Roberts l; Irish: Ö Sliilleabhäin/Christian.=
1,960; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Nepalese: Jason 1989; Cambodian:
, irainian: SUS; Uzbek: Afzalov et :
l',.r. 68C§; Chinese: Trng1,978; Indor-.
Sacher 1979,91.ff.; African American: Bascom 1,992,83ff .; Moroccan: El-Shamy
2004; Niger: Petites Seurs de J€sttsL974, No.3; Chad: Jungraithmayr 1981, No. -e da 1.97 1. ; E gyptian, Algerian, Suti.. :
- 'ngolese: Klipple 1992.
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64 Hans-Jörg Uiher FFC284
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58** See Type 48*. In some variants, the :-,'

his lip 1A2312.1). Cf. Tr':.'
69** SeeType1222.
- rterature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1:' -
' lrrsh: Rausmaa l982fl.Y, No., = E-
Other Wild Animals 70-99 ''li; Slovene: Matiöetov 1973, lSit -
i(rzy2anowski 1962f. I, No. 2, : -..
-.,..r-edra 1987, Nos. 11, 12.
70 Morc Cowarilly than the Hare. The hare is afraid of all creatures. At
an assembly, the hares announce they will go and drown themselves
(go to another country). As they approach a pond, they see that the
-: Rabbit Rides Fox A-cttt,t:
frogs (ducks, fish) run away from them in fright. Having learned hyena, eiephant) and .r .: -
that other animals are even more cowardly than themselves, they the same woman, u'h.t ::'.
return to their home []881.11. fox is only his horse atr.1 ---:
In some variants, the hares laugh so hard at their stupidity that and convincss ths for :,-
they split their lips 1A2342.71. Cf. Types 47A,77. bridle on him and ride '.
decides to marry the r::':-
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,448 No. 138). Also an etiological animal tale,
why the hare has a split lip. Literature/Variants: Hadel 1970; ,-: :
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt l907ff.IY,97-L03; Pedersen/Holbek1961.f.lI, - -L. Rausmaa); Schmidt 1999.
No. 61; Tubach 1969, No. 2434; Schw arzbaum 1979, 231,-234; Dicke / Grubmüller , r ian:Aräj'/Medne Iq77; \, .

t :ench-American: Delarue / Tenäzt,

1982 No. 260;EM6 (1990) 555-558 (R. W. Brednich); Adrados 1999ff.III, Nos. H.
--.s. 38, 39, Dorson 1958, Nos. 3, . 1..
'.
1.43,M.238.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.V, Nos.68-73; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. I, No.
" .rrL: Robe 1973; Dominican, Pr,rer..
22; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö - r..rzilian: Cascudo 1955a,271f., Alc.'
2001, 49; Livonian, Lappish" Wotian, Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; ',"0f. I, No. 16; West Indies: Florr r':-
Syrjanian: Fokos-Fu_chs 1951 ,45 No.5; Swedish: Liungman1.96'1.; Norwegian: -,.rrnean: Klipple 1992; Liberian: D
Hodne 1984; Irish: O Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tenöze ',,r. 1631, Klipple 1992; Sudanese -:-,
-:ribian: Schmidt 1989II, No.435r: .
1964ff .1I1, Cifarelli 1993, No. 297;Spanrsh: Chevalier 1983, No. 11, Goldberg 1998,
r51, Schmidt 1989 II, No. 435.
No. J881.1; Portuguese: Vasconcellos 1984, No. 84, Cardigos (forthcoming);
Dutch: Schippers 1995, No. 128; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Kooi/Schuster1994,No.256;
Flemish: Meyer 1968; Walloon: Laport 1932 No. *70A; German: Tomkowiak 1993, -1* TheHareEmancipates Hr'
218, Hubrich-Messow 2000, Berger 2001; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975;Hungar- his Sons). A mother ha:.. ,
ian: MNK I; Czech: Dvo16k1978,No.2221*; Slovene: Vrtec 21 (1891) 176; Serbian: any longer. She asks ihe::'
Eschker 1992,No.57;Macedonian: VraZinovski 197, No.20; Rumanian: Schullerus such big eyes (long u-}.ri.....
1928, No. 92*;Bulgaian: BFP; Greek: Megas 1978; Polish: Krzy2anowski1962I. Since then, hares care i. -
I; Russiary Byelorussian: SUS; Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 70, 708*; Turkish: Eberhard/
Boratav 1953, No. 18; ]ewish: Jason1975; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen Literature/Variants:
1974;Kurdish:DL.alila et al. 1989, No. 176; Siberian: Kontelov 1956,80; Yakut: :inrrish: Rausmaa 1,982ff.V, No. , : :
ErgisL967, No. 26; Tungus: Suvorov 1960,40f.; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; ,999ff. IV (forthcoming); Lappish: :-
South African: Grobbelaar 1981. ^ : Irish: Ö Sliilleabhäin/ Christiar.r..:'

77 Contest of Frost and the Hare. (Including the previous Type 1097* .) '978.
Frost tries to freeze a hare (fox, sparrow) that lies under a bush. He l2B* Why the Hare fumps oter,
asks the hare whether he is cold. The hare says no, and points out you fump ozter the Patlt?
the snow melting under him. Frost tries harder, but the hare man- why hares jump over tir.' '"

ages to get up and declares that he is still warm. Frost admits he has is, "Because we cannot Lr.
lost the contest [H1541.1]. Cf. Types 298A,298A*.
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 66 Hans-Jörg Uther !I.C 28,1 '.f284

Literature/Variants:
L iterature/Variants:
Finr-rish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V No. 76; Estonian: Kippar 19g6; Frisian: Kooi 19g,la.
-.rtalan: cf. Oriol/Pujol 2003; Por..
- 'rring); |apanese: Ikeda 1971, \--
72C* See Type 72D*. . -r.-rtemalan, Nicaraguan, Cost.: I.
1....,
**74M; Ecuadorian: cf. Carr.'.
72D* Tales about Hares (Rabblfs). (Including the previous Types 72C* -lian: Hissink/Hahn 1961, No.
and 74D*.) This rniscellaneous tvpe consists of various talesln r,r,hich - r9ff.; Peruviary Chilean: Hanse:'.
a hare or rabbit r,r,ins or loses in a conflict l,r,ith another animar. Cf.
Type i891. -lD- See Type 72D*.

Literature/variants: Dicke/Grubmüller 19g7, Nos. 2ss,2s2,261,262;EM 6 (1990) -i The Help of the Weak. C
542-555 (R. Schenda). different forms:
Finnish: Rausmaa 19 B2ff . V, Nos. 35, ; Estonian: Kippar 1 9g6, Nos. 7 2C*, 7 2D,
Z7 (1) A lion (tiger, L.e.'.:
Jln; *72D*, Portuguese:Camarena/Chevalier lgg1fi.i,No. 74F; Bulgarian: BFp,
S,q119tu (the mouse disturbs hrs
Nos. "72E*;IJkrainian: SUS, Nos. 73*, 73A*,738*; Iraqi: El-Stamy 2004,;
Mexican: Robe 1973, Nos. 72*D-*F, 74*F; Guatemalary Nicaräguan: Robe 1973, promises to come t\r t '
No. 74*F; Costa Rican: Robe 1973, No. 73*A; Cuban: Hansen"1957, No. **74X; Iaughs but sets the ntt'i..
Dominican: Hansen 1957, Nos. **74c, *"74F,P , **74DD; puerto Rican: Hansen (pit, or tied with a roPe
1957, Nos. *"74C-74L,**74N-74Q,**745-1J,"*74y,**742,**Z4AA,**74CC; the hole wiih sand) [B]
South
American Indiaa: Hissink / Hah'. 19 61, Nos. 115, 387 ; May an: pefl ärosa 1 992, Nos. (2) A mouse (rat ) r'-:
7.?!\738-,74C-748,74L7LK;Venezuelan: Flarsen 1952 Nos. "*24D,**74V,"*74W, When the danger i' pa-
**74x;Brazllian:
Hansen 1952 No. **74g Argentine: Hansen 1.gsi,No.*"74c. of gratitude that the ca:
that a longer friendsl-ri':
73 Blindirug the Guard. A rabbit (fox), who is imprisoned, throws dirt blelJ426, cf.8545.11.
(salt, pepper, tobacco juice) into the eyes of his guard. (3) A lion asks a mL''.
While the
guard is blinded, the rabbit escapes [K621]. mouse asks to marrt- tl'e
then agrees to the mar.:;
Combinations:5. mouse. Cf. Type 2338
Literature/variants: Dähnh ardt 19o7fl.I! 1g4; Uther 19g1, 35; EM: wache bien-
den (in prep.).
Combinations: 1574.
spanish: Camarer.ra/Chevalier 1995if .r;srovene: Brinar 1904, 12f.; Indian:
Bodker Remarks: Aesopic fable (Pern' 1r'-
1?571
No 70, Thompson/Roberts 1960; Nepalese: Heunemann 19g0, 139ff.; Literature/Variants: Chauvir.r iS'.
North American Indian: Thompson 7919, a4oi.; us-Americtrn: Barden rssr,
No. ?edersen/Holbek 1961f. II, No. : -
78; spanish-American: cf . TFSp 25 (1953) 235-23g; African American:
Harris 1955, 1052; Schwarzbatm 1979, 87-95 ; D
32ff'; Costa Rican: Robe 1973; south American lndian: Hissink/Hahn
1961, Nos. r (1990) 1023-1029 (1. van der Ko..
175,337; venezuelan, Colombian: Hansen 1957; peruvian:
Jim6nez Borja1940,9f.; III, Nos. H. 155, M.226; Schmidt -
Bolivian: Ani-barro de Halushka 1976, No.3; Brazilian: Romero/Casludo
1954, Finnish: Rausmaa l982It. V No. , :
376ff', Alcoforado/Albän 2001, Nos. 1, 3; chilean: Hansen 7957,pino
saavedra 14;Estonian: Kippar 1986; Livoni.r:
No.228;Argentine:Hanse, 1957, Chertudi 1960f.1, Nos.2, 77,2t;\Nest
J9q0ff.I]1,
Indies: Flowers 1953; East African: Are'va 1966, No. 2057, Klipple iOOi;
1977 ; hish: Ö Süil1eabhäin / Chri.
Congo_ Spanish: Chevalier 1983, No. 12, C
lese: Klipple 1992.
lq93, Nos. E3o3, 8437.2, Oriol lL
sian: Kooi 1984a; German: Mo:.
74C" Rabbit Throuss a Coconut. A rabbit lmonkey) sits in a tree eating Bechstein/Uther 1997 I, Nos. 56.
(prickly) fruit (coconuts). A wolf (coyote, c.äb) asks him to \4NK I; Czech: Dvoiäk l'i
thro# 197E,
one down. The rabbit throws a coconut and (almost) kills the wolf eajkanoviö 1929, No. 16; Maceclt r
(throws a prickly fruit which kilts the wolf). Cf. Type 136. \io. 21; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: NI.
).loy 1976, Jason 1988a; Tatar: Kec.
Combinations:34, 175. \o. 9; Uzbek: Afzalov et al. 1963 I
6t"t'J'ä
\-=u-
).1o. 230; Georgian: Kurdovanidz,

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-rssod aq ]ou IIrM LuaLI] Jo oÄ{l ar{} uaam}aq drqspuarry ra8uol u leq}
sgar8ar aq sdes asnoru aql 'tulll lea lou plp lec aLIl ]pl{l apnlrlerB ;o 'Jül** 'oN '196l uasuPH:auquas+
]no leJ aLIl aarJ o] lau aql s.r,leu8 asnoLu ar-11 'lsed sr raBuep ar{i uaqg 'Mh l**'Lu l**'clyl*'soN'lc5r ua*jPx
'lq8ner osle sr 'soN '266I eso1egad :ue,{eyq: rgg- 'c1n
JEf, p araLl,\,\ lau e rapun sun-r (1er) asnolu
V (Z)
'[Z'rcVA'E9Eg'L Lt€Sl (pues LFI.tt aloq aq] rünos llJrl* *'yW L*,Zl L-'.\t :-
uasuPH :uerru ouand jcCil_"ggt
slpy) aary turq s,lreu8 pue sauror asnoLlr aql ,(ador e r{}},rt peq ro !rd)
lxrl** 'oN /Z96I uasueH :ueqnl r§
lau p ur lq8nec sr Lrorl aql uaq,rt ta1e1 'aa-r; asnour aLIl slas 1nq sq8nel ' aqo>I
:uen8ererrg,ueleruairnr
e 16I
uorl aLIJ 'arnln1 aLIl ur Lrorl aql ,o anJsar aLIl ol aurol ol sasrtuord !tr997 [:ul.etqg-1g :gbeq i"g€j ,.yI",8
pup uropaary s1r ro; sSaq asnour aq1 '(daa1s srLI sqrnlsrp asnolu aql) '4gg:uerreSlng 1{?l 'oN 1 trt66l.raq"
(]e;r 'larrrnbs) asnolu e saLl)le) (+ueqdala teaq 1a8rl) uol V (I) ' qzl' reddrx :uprL!f,&
:sLLrJoJ luaraJJrp
")Zl'soN'996I
aarq] ul d1;arqr slsrxa alel sHI g€tz ad,{1 'y3 '4aa114 a4q lo d\ag aqa 9: (oeeD s INt !z9z' tgz' tgz' 9gc's0\ "-
'_q71 ad,r1 aag *CIfj
'JJ 'leurue rarllotrP rfll.rl ptlruü] s
'
INt I * *'oN'196 I uasupH :r-rEaIIl.{J'uEr^nrad 1'JJ6c T
rpnl&\ ur saPl snorJe^ Jo qsrzuot a
'1161 tnylBnel:ue,iei7rtr lOlE'l€€'gLI'lLl 'ElI soN,t96I urlEH/furssrH:uerplrJ *a77 sadÄ7 snoraard eq1 Surnnpr"r
uerrraurv LIlnoS 1I9'll'soN /996I olaN-oLIIe^.rEJ.{f,:LlprropEnrf, lJAIfl** .o\
/196I uasueH :uerr5 ol"rand 1€16I aqo5 :LrE)rU Elso3 ,uen8e;etr11 iuelEuralenl
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-qUo1) so8rprel'trg'oN /9g6I osorpad :asan8nlro4 19697 1oln471orro
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6B Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28,1 :FC284 A

1969, No. 50; Saudi Arabian: Nor,vak 1969, No. 23; Iraniar-r: Marzolph 1984; Indian: Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrv 19"
Bodker 1957a, Nos. 717,760-763, Thompson/Roberts 1960, Jason 1989; Chinese: Literature/Variants: Chauvin lEvl
Ting 197tt; Tibetian: Kassis 1962, 81f., cf. O'Conrror 1906, No. 19; Japanese: Inada/ \o. 41; Schwarzbaum 1964, lE; , -
Ozair.a 1977ff.; French-American: Ancelet 199:1, No. 82; West Indies: Florvers ichwarzbaum 1.979, 5L-56; Curle--
1953; Egvptian: cf. El-Shamy 1980, No. 48, El-Shamr, 2004; Algerian, Moroccan: \larzolph 1992II, No. 283; Adraclc.
El-Shamv 2004; Guinean, East African: Klippie 1992; Sudanese: Nor.ak 1969, :\'I: Wolf und Kranich (in PreP t.
Nos. 48, 50, Klipple 1992, E1-Sharm),2004; , Tanzanian: El-Shamr,2004; Congolese: :innish: Rausmaa 1982ff.V, No S-- :
Klipple 1992; Angolan: Seraukr, 1988, 210f.; South African: Coetzee et a1.7967; .'77; Lithua nian: Kerbelyte Iqaoi-
Namibiar-r: Schmidt 1989 II, No.670; Malagas,,.: cf. Haring 1982, No.2.1.75, --r Sirilleabhäin/ Christiansen 1 !r :
Klipple 1992. Goldberg 1998, No. W154.3; Ba.;:
\eugaard 1993, No. W154.3, Orir
75A The Lion and the Worm. Tree roots (branches) grow and block the =risian: Kooi 1984a; German: \1t':
entrance to a lion's (bear's) den. A r,vorm (bark beetle) offers to help >rviss: EM 7 (1993) 874; Italian: Cir:
18491.41, but the lion does not belier.e he can. After some time the
)r'oiäk 1978, No. 5332; Macedom::-
'.legas 1978; Russian, Ukrainian: : -
tree dies, due to the rvorm's u,ork.
Tadzhik: Sandelholztruhe 196i-'
Kr-rrdovanidze 2000; Indian: Boci.
Literature/Variants:
i978; West Indies: Flowers 1953; E:
Estonian: Kippar 19E6, No. 75A; Serbian: \'röe,,,i6 1868f. I, No.423; Ukrainian: '
1992; Central African: Lambrech:
SUS, No. 758*.
\o. 637; South African: Coetzee e:

75* The Wolf and the Nurse (prer.iouslv Wolf Waits in Vain for the Nurse
17 The Stag Admires Hinrst
to Throw away the Child). A hungry r.volf (tiger) hears a nursemaid a spring, is Proud of hi.
(mother) threaten her child that she r,r,il1 gir.e him to the wolf if he
he is running awav lr -
does not stop crving. The r,r,olf r,r,aits expectarrtly for this event.
caught in the bushes .'.:-
When the child starts crving again, the nursemaid comforts him by
saying that she had not really meant rvhat she said and she would Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr 1-'
kill the wolf if it ever came near the child. The n olf goes arvay sti1l Literature/Variants: Pedersen ll:
hungry U2066.51. Tubach 1969, No. 4589; Schrvarz:-.
Or, the u,aiting wolf is killed the follorving morning by the \o. 272; Adrados 1999ff. III, Nos --
r.illagers. Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: i .
I: Swedish: Liungman l96l; Ir'-
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrv 1,965, 457 No. 158). t ifarelli 1993, No. 83; SPanirlr: t
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff. III, 69; Pauli/Bo1te 1924 I, No. 90; Pedersen/ 1996, Goldberg 1998, No. L-16.
Holbek 1961f.II, No. 154; Schwarzbaurrr1979,122 not. 17; Dicke/Grubmüller Schippers 1995, No. 135; Frisian: \
1987, No. 647; Adrados 1999ff.III, Nos. H. 163, M. 323; EM: Wolf und Amme (in 7717) 269ff.,550ff. (EM archir i
prep.) Czech: Dvoiäk Iq78, No. 458c): t
Finnish: Rausmaa 198211. V No.79; French: Joisten 7977 Il, No.94,1; Spanish: Ukrainian: SUS; Georgian: Kurcl.''
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.I, Goldberg 1998, No. 12066.5; Catalan: Neugaard Klipple 7992;MalagasY: Haring ,'
1993, No. J2066.5; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et a1. 1963f. I, No. 47,
Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Schippers 1995, No. 508; Flemish: Mever 1968; 77* The Wolf Confesses Hi:
Cerman: Moser-Rath 1964, No. 188; Hungarian: MNK I; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. confesses his sins. H.
:

5338*; Bulgarian: BFP; Ukrainian: SUS; Kazakh: Reichl 1986, No. 27; Chinese: hogs, a hundred col-.
Ting 1978; Japanese: Ikeda 1971.
Jn some variant:, :
sees his next prey [Ki,
76 The Wolf and the Crane. A crane (stork, u/oodpecker) pulls a bone
from a wolf 's (lion's) windpipe. When he asks for payment, the wolf
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Ferr-f i '' -
says, "That you \^,ere allowed to take vour beak from mv throat is in 1179 in the Roman de Renati r,i.'
payment enough". [W154.3]. Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1 E'l l
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.(gi9i_tz6,I) t tLlt/2>I ap Lruruo>I aq]/arnlPralr-
ul 6lII , sr leorq] dur ruorl leaq rnoi a1e1
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auoq e qlnd (ralcadpoo,lr trolsl
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aq s€ uoos se saqsrire^ a;ualruad s,j{o1vl aqt 'slueue,L aluos uI
'sasroll ,\llrJ pue /s^\of, paJpunq e 's8oq
:asaurq3 1lZ'oN,9g6I IUpIaU lpJez
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 .FC284

Schwarzbaum 19 64, t87 ; Dicke / Grubmüller 19 87, No. 637; Marzolph

992 II, No.
1 Literature/Variants: EM: Tiere arre.
L044; cf. Adrados 1999ff.lln, No. M.264.
Estonian: Kippar 1986; Livonian: Loorits 1926; swedish: Liungman 1961; Italian:
!ilipino: Wrigglesworth 1993, \r,
.\merican: Harris 1955, 351ff., lS 1 -
Cirese/serafirul97l; sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 13a; Chilean: plno saavedr ar9g7,
Rican: Hansen 1957, No. **74A; \1...-.
No.230.
\o. **74A; Brazilian: Alcoforado
**74A; Chilean: Pino Sa...'.
-957, No.
77** wolf at school. A wolf learns the alphabet (the wolf joins a monas- .957, No. **74A; West Indies: Fltr-. . ,
tery). The wolf can learn to read only the wor ds,,lamb,,and ,,sheep,, \o. 2; South African: Coetzee et .'
(" agnes" , " aries"). Cf. Type Z7- .
S0 The Hedgehog in the Bad
Remarks: Aesopic fable (perry 1965, 53gf. No. 595). badger (mole, snake, h...:,
Literature/variants: schwarzbaum 1964, rg7; Tubach 1969, No. 533g; schwarz- cold (rairy approachine r.
b aum'1.97 9, 533-536; Schreiber 1985, 299
-gO2; Dicke / Grubmüller tSgZ, N o. AU, creates a stink (sticks the :
cf. No. 634; Verfasserlexikon 10 (1999) 1Z05-1307 (G. Dicke).
reproves him, the hedge:
since he is unhappv u 1'..
78 Animal Tieil to Another for safety (previously Ä nimal Allotps him- In some variants, a p:.
self to be Tied to Another for safety). A tiger (dento.u leopard, worf)
of her puppies. The pu::
is overpowered by a human (donkey, monkey, billy goatiwho tricks
leaves.
him. when the tiger tells a fox (woir) how p-o*".i"i this human is,
the fox makes fun of him and wants to präve that the animals are
Combinations: 43, 130A.
stronger. The fox proposes to tie together for safety. Together they Remarks: Documented in the fab,lr :
approach the human- He greets the fox and pretend-s that it is \bstemius (No. 72). The variar,:.
bringing the tiger to him as an offering. The tiger runs away in Phaedrus / Perry 1965, I,1.9).
ggnic, dragging the fox along with him [K71.3.11]. Cf . Types 2A, Literature/Variants: Kirchhof ,' O..
784,278, and1876. ,!40; Tubach 1969, No. 2168; Schr,,.r:
\os.289, 327;EM7 (1993) 37-39 F.
Combinations: 126. Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: .-
Literature/variants: schwarzbaum 1954, 1g7; schmidt L999;EM: Tiere anein- Paunonen 1974; Catalan: Oriol , Pu'
andergebunden (in prep.). .ian: Kooi 1984a, No. 105*; Germ.r:r
j]1nggil1YN{J, Uighur: Reichl 1986, No. 5; Kurdish: DZalila et al. 1989, No. 150; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1971: :
180; Kirghiz: Reichl 1986, No.40; Tadzhik Rozenfel'd/Ryökovoj 1990, Nos. rs, sa; Chinese: Ting1.978, No.43A; Nlorc
Kalmyk DZimbinov 1962, No. 10; Tuva: Taube 1.97g, Nos. fO, SS; Indian:
lason
1989; C-hinese: Ting 1978; Cambodian: Gaudes 19gz No. 11; Indonesian:
vries 80A* Who Gets the Booty? lp:.
1925f.rr,403 No. 87; Namibian: schmidt 1g}grr,No.645; southAfrican: fox, and a bear (donker' .
Grobbe-
laar 1,981, Schmidt 1989 II, No. 645. their booty. They decide
boast of their great ages
784 Animal Tied lrp Because of a storm (previousry Animar Ailows younger but goes off u i:r
Himself to be Tied so as to Aooid Beiig Carrieä offby Storm). A
rabbit (monkey,_ fox) tells a tiger (fox, ioyote, giant) ihat a great Remarks: Documented in the Indi::
storm (the end of therarorld) is approaching. The tger lets himself be century) by the Persian-speaking C;
tied up [KT19.7.1). The rabbit beäts him (titts and'sUns him). Literature/Variants : Schwarzbau n r
In some variants, the coyote, advised by the rabbit, crimbs into a 674; Mar zolph 7992 ll, No. 933.
bag (basket) in a tree to escape the storm. ihe rabbit pelts him with Latvian: Aräjs/Medne \977; Kare
stones. Cf. Types 2A,78,27g, and 140gC. Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. I; Br":
1978;Turkish: Eberhard /Boratar- 1 !
Combinations: 175. Ceorgian: Dirr 1920, No. 45; Arama:
Remarks: often a humorous episode in cycles of animal tales about Indian: cf. Bodker 1957a, No. 30-l:
the rabbit 2004; Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004.
and the coyote.
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'gzl oN '196l 'Ie la aazlao] :uprrr]V t{}no§ 1l trr. ,,daaqs,, pue ,,qureL, ,pro^ ipro
iZ€ 1qEZ6I suosr€d :uerpra1 ade3 1E961 sra,\{oll :sarpul tsa6 lvrl** .oN ,lgo . "rp
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uasueH :aurlua3;y 16ZZ oN 'III'JJO16L prpa^pes ourd :upalrq3 lvfl** .oN ,lgi:, .
uasuEH :uer^nrad lZt'tt'g soN '1002 ugqlv/opp.roJorlv :uerlrzprg lvfl** .o\
1266I ESoleUa4 :ue{e141 lvtl** .oN /196l uasLrpH :uer^ t
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olrand 1€16I äqoy :uen8eretr1r1 'uErrxaJAI !.lJlgt,.JlL9€ /996I srrrEH :uerrraur\ :up{eU 1196I ueru8tmrl :qsrpa,us :gtr61
uef,rrJv 1€16I aqo5 :uerrraruv-Llstued5 12, .oN ,966I L{lro,\rsa133rr61 :ourdrlr:
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72 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC284 r .C 284

81 Too Cold for Hare to Build House in Winter. A hare (do& lark, -ir Catalan: cf. Karlinger/Pög1 19S- i
grouse) freezes during the winter. He vows to build a house the next :urrrr<rr-lr Ranke 196o, No. b, Cri::'
summel when it is warmer. In summel, when it is suruly, the hare is lubrich-Messow 2000; Italian: Cir. -
toolazy and tells himself that last winter he went without a house rrzr,2anowski 19621. I; Russian: \\ -: :-
.'";9, No. 58; Iranian: Osmano\' 1!a i
1A2233.2.11. :-r: French-American: Dorson 19t-
01, a dog curls up tight as he shivers in the winter. He promises
himself to build a little hut during the summer. When summer
comes, he discovers that he stretches out so long, he would need a
SiA* The Bear Stands on s Ht,;.
169G..)Abear chased L-', ,
big house. This would be too much work for him, so he builds no
pile (haystack, tree). Hc :-
house at all. Cf. Type 43.
In some variants, l're
pokes him with a stick iri-.
Remarks: Documented by Plutarch (Symposion tön hepta sophön, XIV). Variants
falls down and is torn ic'
with humans see Type 1238.
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt1907ff.lll,202f.; EM 6 (1990) 604-607 (P.-L. Raus-
maa). L iterature/Variants:
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982f1. V Nos. Estonian: Kippar 1986; Lithuanian:
81., 82; ::ionian: Kippar 1986, Nos. B7-\-
Scheu/Kurschat1913,324f., Aleksynas1974, No. 18, Kerbelyte 1999ff.IV (forth- .:rian: Kerbelytö 1999ff . IV (forthci :
coming); Lappish: Qvigstad 1927ff.I,269 No.61, III, No. 7; Swedish: Liungman rrzv2anowski 7962f. I, No. 1E7; R-.,
1961, No. 72; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christianser-1g63;
Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.I; German: Grannas 1952 No.20; Hungar- i-B* SeeType122Z.
ian: MNK I, No. 81*r; Serbian: Vröevi6 1868f. I, No. 400, KaradLi(1937,274No.3;
Bulgarian: BFP; Greek Megas 1978; Polish: KrzyLanowski 1962f. I; RussiarL SS* The Bear Climbs a Tree. :

IJkrainian: SUS; Tadzhik: STF, No. 62;Tuva: cf. Taube 1978, No. 22; US-American: block hanging in the tre.
Baughman 1966; Spanish-American: TFSP 18 (1943) 4Sf.; African American: down. He injures (ki11. -
Dorson 1956, 44f.,207 No. 13, Dance 1978, No. 439.
Literature/Variants:
85 The Mouse, theBiril, and the Sausage. (Including the previous Type :stonian: Kippar 1986; Latviar-r: A::.
247*.) Amouse, a bird, and a sausage (shrimp) live together sharing \o. 8; Siovene: Kosi 1894, 98f.; L -:
the housework. The bird gathers wood, the mouse carries water,
makes the fire and sets the table, and the sausage does the cooking 90 The Needle, the Gloz'e, a.
and flavors the food by jumping into the pot. The bird complains squirrel live together. \\':-,
that his work is the hardest, so they exchange duties. The bird o1d kettle, a knife, and .'. '
drowns in the welf the sausage is eatenby a dog while gathering the think these are worthle..
wood, and the mouse is scalded to death when it jumps into the pot an ox (elk, stag), he clin-:
to flavor the soup 11512.7\. the successful hunt [L,:-,
Of, the mouse (chicken) and sausage live together. While the
mouse goes to church on Sunday, the sausage cooks their dinner. Literature/Variants:
One Sunday they change roles, and the mouse is scalded to death "
jnnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V No. :r
when it tries to flavor the soup. \lari: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 19, -

Combinations.2022. 91 Heart of Monkey as lle Li.

Remarks: Documented ca. 1650 by l. V. Moscherosch, Gesichte Philanders t:on his Heart at Home). Är
Sittewalt (Strassburg 1655 II, 927f1.). fish) are friends. The tr:r.:
Literature/Variants: BP I, 204--207 , 293-295, III, 558f .; EM 9 (1999) 440442 (8. she has an illness whicl-.
Steinbauer). monkey.
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977; Lappish: Qvigstad 1927ff.IIf 45 No. 18,L, cf.II,27 The turtle meets the r:-
No. 11, Bartens 2003, No. 13; Danish: Kristensen 1896, No. 149; Faeroese: cf. his back. On the wav i',t
Nyman 1984; French: Delarue/Tenöze1964ff.III; Spanish: cf. Espinosa 1946, No.

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'82
 74 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 r: C 284

monkev sympathises but says he has left his heart in a tree. When - i)1; Maltese: Ilg 1906 I, No. 6, )'1-
the turtle takes him back to the land to get his heart, the monkey .legas 1978, No. 34; Ukrainian: S.i :
runs awav [K544, K961.1]. 'S9, No. 175; Kazakh: 5i6sl'nrkor -

In some variants, the illness of a king (princess) can be cured - . No. 365; Kalmyk, Buryat, Nlon:.
- L,l0; Iranian: Marzolph 196ir
only by the liver of a rabbit. When one is caught, it preterrds to have
ieft its liver at home and offers to go and get it. Then it runs away. hompson / Roberts 1960; Indiar,:,:.
::1r.s 1958, No. K1716, Thomps.,:-
-r-rr-rg 1954, 121.; Sn Lankan: Tho::-.:
Remarks: Documented ir-r tl.re Indian latnkn (nos.208, 342) and in the Indian
Paäcatantrn (IY,1,).
'ro, 9, Kassis 1962,80f., Hoffman:-,
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff. If 99 No.57, 191 No. 6, 193 No. 14; Dähnhardt -,.rudes 1987, No.20; Mala1'sian: i
-rl5f. II, No. 92; African Americar'
1907f1.lY, 1.-26; EM 1 (7977) 150-154 (W. Eberhard); cf. Hatami 1977, No. 8; ',loroccan, Sudanese: E1-S]-ramr' l
Schwarzbaum 7979,436 not. 31, 511 not. 30; cf. Dicke/Grubmü1ler 1982 No. 24;
Irrller 1992, No.40; Namibian::. '
Schmidt 1.999; Grayson 2004.
,rS1.
Spanish: Camarena/Cher.alier 7995f1.I, Coldberg 1998, No. K96L.1,; German:
Tomkor,r,iak 1993,207f .; Hungarian: MNK I, Dömötör 1992, No. 406; Bulgarian:
BFP; Ukrainian: SUS; Jer,r,ish: Jasor.r 1975, Noy 1976; Kurdish: DLalilaet ai. 1999,
c2A See Type 92.
No. 177; Mongolian: Ldrincz 1979, No. 864*; Iranian: Marzolph 1984; pakistani:
Thompson/Roberts 1960; Inclian: Bodker 1957a, Nos. 678; 679, Thompson/ ca The Master Taken Sericti,,
Roberts 1960, Jason 1989; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov 1.976, Nos. 50, g4; Tibetian: forms:
O'Connor 1906, No.20; Chinese: Ting 1978; Korean: Choi1979; Vietnamese: cf. (1) A mother for an.i
Landes 1886, No.43; Indonesian: Vries 792Sl.W No. 159; Japanese: Ikeda197l, in which they live cur:-:-
Inada/Ozawa7977ff.; Filipino: Fansler 1921, No. 56b, Ramoi 7953,66ff.;puerro to cut the vines.
Rican: Hansen1957, No. **283; African American: Baer 1980, 145f.; peflalosa 1992; (2)Abird and her r.i,',.
Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004; Tunisian: Brandt 1951,30; Moroccan: Nowak 1969, No.
the farmer asks hi> rr.i-.
47, El-Shamv 2004; East African: Arewa 1966, No. 1821, Dorson 1972, 765f.;
sons begin to harvest t1-.
Ethiopian: cf. Gankin et al. 1960, 8zlf.; Central African: Lambrecht 1967. No.
1821,1; Namibian, South African: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 542. leave only when the ;.::
1I10311.
91A* See Type 1224.
Remarks: Aesopic fabie (Pern- 1;-:
Literature/Variants: Pauli/Bohe,
92 The Lion Diaes for His Ozon Reflection. (Including the previous 979, 337-333; Dicke / Grubmtille:,
Type 92A.) A fox (hare) has to supply a lion every dav r,r,ith his :',rrt-H. 141; EM: Worte des Hern-. -
dinner. One day he pretends to have met a stronger lion (who took Estonian: Kippar 1986, No. -l-i=
the di.ner). The first lion n,ants to fight against the second. The fox \leksynas 1974, No.9; Irish: Ö S,.i,
takes him to a r,r'ell and shol's him his reflection. The 1ion takes it for 1993, No. 279; Spanish: Camare:-,.
his rival, jurnps in (is pushed in), and drolr.ns [K1215.1]. 1900ff. II, No. 363, Cardigos (ir.::,
In some variants a hare dri'es an erephant (several erephants) German: Plener, Acerra philolo gi c -.
out of the realm of the hares by shor,r,,ing it a reflection of the moon Tomkowiak 1993, 230; Italian: Ci r..,
,,93* r; Siovene: Kosi 1894, 11, i
in wateq seemingly cluir,.ering r,r.itl-r anger 1K77761. (Preyiously Type )3*
924.) Cf. Tvpes 34, 34A, 1168A, and 1336. ;an: BFP; Ukrainian: SUS; Kurdi:j'

Remarks: Documented in the 5th century in the Indian pnäcatantra (1il,3, cf .r,6).
Literature/variants: Cl.rauvin 1892ff. II, 88 No.25, 96 No.,l9; Dicke/Grubmüller WILD ANIMALS AND I
1987, Nos. 84, 385; Schmidt 7999; EM: Spiegelbild im Wasser (forthcoming).
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;kish: ö süi11eabhäin/Christia.sen 1963; spänish:
Goldberg 1998, No. K7716; Catalar.r: Neugaard 1993, No. K17lS.1; portuguese:
100 TheWolf is CaughtBecn:
soromenho/soromenho 1984f. I, No. 40, cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi the Dog's Guest Sings t .

1984a; Cerman: Bechstei./Uther 1997 II, No. 3g, Tomkor,r,iak 7ö93,223, Berger full of food). The wolf e ...

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 76 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284
'.C 284

spite of the dog's objections, he is thrashed or killed. The dog :'- S; Ukrainian: SUS, No. 101, ci. ,\,
escapes [1581.1]. Cf. Types 41,163, and214A. r iranese : Ikeda 197 | ; Mexican: Rrr :

Combinations: This spe is usually combined with episodes of one or more other 101* See Type 47D.
types, esp. 2,3, 4,5, 1.01, 102, 103, 122A, and122M*.
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,596f. No. 701).
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1,907ff .IY,233f .;Bp II, 111; pedersen/Holbek
702 The Dog as Wolf's Shoet
19 61f . II, No. 131; Schwarzbaum 1979, 21,6; Dicke / Grubm üller 1.987, N o. 627
mises to make shoes (i.-:
;
Adrados 1999ff.III, No. M. 98; EM: Wolf: Der singende W. (in prep.). orders a cow, hog, sheep
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.V, Nos. 84, 85; Estonian: Kippar tgSO; Ljtvian: Aräjs/ the animals. When the r.,
Medne 1,977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 19991f.I; Irish: ö SUilteabhain/Christiansen by a trick, e.g. he orders ::
1963; French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 332; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1,991ff . I; has shoes now [K254.1-
Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. 1581.1, Oriol/Pujol 2003; German: jahn 1889, No.
558, Knoop 1925, No. 104, Oberfeld 1962, No. 5; Hungarian: MNK I; Czech: Combinations: 100, 101, and 10i
Horik1971,38ff.; Slovakian: Polivka 1923ff.V,138-140;Serbian: eajkanovü929, Literature/Variants: Schwarzbar,r r-
No. 2, Eschker-1.992, No. 65; Croatian: GaällNeweklowsky 198d, No. 49;Bul- -röh1er-Zü1ch).
garian: BFP; Greek Megas 1978; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Ossetian: :innish: Rausmaa 1982tf.Y, No. Sr
Bjazyrov 1958, No. 13; Cheremis/Mari, Tatar: Kecskem6ti/paunonen 1974;Geor- ll; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latr-i:.:
gian: Kurdovanidze 2000, Nos. 12*,1.00; Turkmen: Stebleva 1969, No. 9; pale- -999ff . l; Lappish: Kecskem6ti, Pa'-. :
stinian: El-Shamy 2004; Oman: cf. Nowak 1969, No.29; Indian: Bodker 1957a No. -995ff. l, No. 24; Portuguese: Car.:.,
995, cf. Nos. 992, 993,1040; Tibetian: O'Connor 1906, No. 11; Spanish-American, \o. 8, Benzel 1962, No. 146; Huns..:
-ech
Mexican: Robe 1973; Argentine: Chertudi t960f.I, No. 22; Algerian: cf. Nowak 1984, No. 2; Slovakian: Polir -.:
1969, No. 29,El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004. -13,140, 158,271,II, No. 460; Polr.
:ussiary Ukrainian: SUS; Jewish: Ta::
101 The Old Dog as Rescuer of the Child (Sheep). A farmer plans to kill .an: Hermann/Schwind 1951, 130i :
his faithful old dog because it
cannot work anymorö. The wolf \os. 92, 394; Syrian, Palestinian: E. -:
makes a plan to save the dog: The latter is to rescue the farmer,s iordanian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 1ll -
1004, No. 102A§; Saudi Arabiar-r: \,:
child from the wolf. The plan succeeds and the dog,s life is spared.
102A§; Iranian: Marzolph 19El: C-
The wolf in refurn wants to steal the farmer,s sheep. the dog refuses
\frican, Egyptian: El-Shamy 200-1 )
to help and loses the wolf's friendship [K231.1.3i. Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Nowak lyr-
Tungraithmayr 1981, No. 33; Cen::-:
Combinations: L00,1,02, and 103. Coetzee et al.1967.
Remarks: Documented in combination with types 103/104 in Grimm, Kinder-
und Hau.smärchen. Aesopic fable in combination with type 100 (perry l96s, sg6f .
No.701).
103 WarbetweenWililAnima,
Literature/Variants: Bp I, 424427;LeachL96t,3g4; pedersen/Holbek L961.f.II, Wild Animals Hide front
No. 130; cf. Dicke/Grubmüller 1982, Nos. 290,627; EM 6 (1990) 1340-1343 (I. previous Type 104.) A L::
Köhler-ZüIch); cf. Adrados 1999ff.Ilf Nos. M. 94, M. 98. allies. A cat and a rooster '

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.V, No. 85; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne wolf. The wild animals r--.
1977; Lithtanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff .I; Kareliarr- Konkka 19b9, 661.; Swedish: cat shrieks or raises her :,
Liungman 1961; Irish: O Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/ falls out of the tree and :
Tenöze 1964f1.III, Cifarelli 1993, Nos. 126,332; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier Type222.
1995ff.I; Catalan: cf. Oriol/Pujo12003; Dutch: Schippers 1995, No. 494;Frisian:
Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: Tomliowiak lgg3, 237f., Kooil Combinations: This type is usualh .
Schuster 1994, No. 240, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 48, Berger 2001; Hun- rvpes, esp. 9,41,100, tbt, tOZ, tn.
garian: MNK I; Czech: Horäk 197L, 39ff .; Slovakian: polivka 192}lf . V, 1,29, 132f., Remarks: Documented in the mi.i.
1.43f.,Ga§parkovä1991.f.I, Nos. 158, 271,;Slovene:Kres S (1gg5) b}S,Bolhar1974, (rv73s*810).
114ff.; Macedonian: VraZinovski 1977; Bulgarian: BFp; Greek: Megas 196ga; Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 19t -
Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; Sorbian: Nedt1956, No.4; Russiary Byälorussian: 7979,196;EM8 (1996) 430436 (R. \\ l

Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff . V, Nos. 85-.

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78 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 .rC 284

26, 1L8; Estonian: Kippar 1986, Nos. 103, 104; Livonian: Loorits '1.926; Latvian 1038* The Cat Goes Hunting. \'
Aräjs/Medne'1977, Nos. 103, 104; Lithuanian: Kerbelytd 1,999ff.I, Nos. 103, 104; licks its blood. The othe:
Lappish: Qvigstad 192711. ilI, No. 8; Swedish: Liungman 1961, No. 103-104; bring him food.
French: Delarue/Tendze 1.964ff. III; Spanish: Espinosa L946f ., Nos. 246-248;
Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968, No. 1M; German: Grimm KHM/Uther L iterature/Variants:
1996 I, No. 48, Hubrich-Messow 2000, Berger 2001, No. 104; Italian: Cirese/Sera- :. tvian: Aräjs / Medne 1977 ; Lithu ::'
frnt1975;Hr:ngarian: MNK I; Slovakian: PolivkaL923ff.V,132t.,135, Ga§parfkovä i..ratav 1953, No. 15 (1-4).
1991.f.I, Nos. 113, 1,40,L58,271, II, Nos. 460,519; Slovene: Kres 5 (1885) 505, Bolhar
1974, l'l.4ff.; Serbian: KaradLit l93Z No. 49, Eschker 1992, Nos. 48, 49; Croatian:
103C* An Old Donkey Meets tlr,
Valjavec 1890, No. 62, BoSkovi6-Stulli 1959, 37f.; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928;
Bulgarian: BFP, Nos. 103, 104; Greek: Megas 1978, Nos. 103, 104; Polish: Master Meets Bear ot Lit
Krzyianowskil962f.I, No. 104; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No.4; Russian: SUS, No. 103; master and meets a bea:
Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 103, L04; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, The donkey frightens 1u. .
Nos. 15 (5),451112,413 No. 2;Gypsy: MNK X 1, No. 104; Tadzhik cf. STF, No. 100; by braying. Later, the be:
Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Malaysian: Hambruch 1922, No. 5; Japanese: to the fox or wolf. Cf. T' '-
Markova / Bejko 1 958, 145; North American lndian: Thompson 19 L9, 439 1l.; Mata-
gasy: Haring 1982, No. 2.1.104. Combinations: 78, 1258*, 275, ar ;
Remarks: Documented by Marie :.
103A The Cat as She-Fox's Husband, An old tom-cat is chased away by his Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1S'l::
master and marries a she-fox. When the other animals want to visit .rench: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff. III: :
,:r: Oriol / Pujol 2003; Portugur-, :
them, the she-fox tells them her husband is a dangerous beast and
they should make offerings to him. They must lay these down in :!. Cardigos (forthcoming); Hun:,,
)io. 157; Kurdish: Diallla et al. 19:;
front of the fox-earth and then hide themselves. The tom-cat reichl 1986, No. 2, cf. No. 4: Spa^ -
frightens the other anirnals so that they flee [8281.9.1]. Cf. Type 103.

Combinations: 103.
104 See Type 103.
Literature/Variants : Dahnhardt 19 07 ff . lV, 21 6f .
Estonian: Kippar 1986;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Llthuantan: Range 1981, No. 105 The Cat's Only Trick. T':,
4;Lappish, Kareliary Wepsian, Syrjanian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen L974;Gerrnan. tree. A fox, who has bt-.:
Henßen 1963b,17tf .; Italian: Cirese/Serafiru1971; Hungarian: MNK I; Slovakian: captured by dogs [J16ti
Ga§parfkovä 1981a,207f.; Slovene: Matiöetov 1973, No. 19; Serbian: Vröevii 1868f.
I, No.405, Öajkanovii 1927,No.3, ÖajkanoviC 1929, No.9; Croatian: Boskovit- Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr' 1;: '
Stulli 1975b, No.50; Macedoniaa: VraZinovski L977,Nos.23,2L;Rumafieur: Birlea Literature/Variants: Krohn 1E9: -
1966I, 1,26ff.;Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas 1978, No. 103*,A; Russiary Byelo- Pedersen/Holbek 1961f. II, No. 11:
russian, tlkrainian: SUS, No. 103; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Dagestan: Chalilov 1965, No. 1180; Schwarzbaum 1979,45 No. -
9; Cheremis / Mari, Chuvastr, Tataq, Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti / P aunonen 197 4; EM 8 (1996) 1108-1113 (M. Fenske
Votyak Buch 1882, 115f.; Tadzhik: STF, No.39; Georgian: cf. Kurdovanidze2O}O; Finnish: Rausmaa 19\2ff.V, Nos. ';
Central African: cf. Fuchs 1961,140ff. li; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Lati ia:-
).999ff.I; Lappish: Qvigstad 192:: :'
103A* The Cat Claims to be King and Receioes Food from Other Animal* 1984; Danish: Grundtvig 1854ff. I-,
A cat is chased away by his master. He tells a fox that he is the king .cabhäin /Christiansen 1 963; Frrr' .
of the animals. The fox invites him to sleep and warns the other
\o. 437; Spanish: Camarena / Che-' .:
1an: Neugaard1993, No. J1662, O:
animals to be quiet. The other animals cook a meal and invite the cat
coming); Dutch: Schippers 1995 \
to eat with them. When the crow tries to trap him, the cat gets up 1968; German: Tomkowiak 1993,21:
and the other animals flee in fright. \lessow 2000; Ladinian: Decurtins ,
Hungarian: MNK I; Slovakian: Pt --
Literature/Variants: Serbian: Eschker 1992, No.54; \1.:,
Hungarian: MNK I, Dömötör 2001,287,292;Bulgarian: BFP; Gypsy: MNK X 1; 1977, Nos. 25ff., Öepenkov/Penr-r,
Tadzhik cf. STR No. 362; Georgian: cf. Kurdovanidze 2000. \{egas 1978; Polish: Krzy2anorvski
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Noy 1976, jason 1988a; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Cheremis/Mari, Mordvinian: i,16" The Wolf and the Hog. t''.
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;Kttrdish: DZalila et al. L9g9, No. 159; Armenian: wolf eats her even thor-ri
wunderblume 1958,4\7f.;Yakut: cf. Doerfer 19g3, No. g2; Georgian: Kurdovanidze
him. Cf. Type722D.
2000; Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 21, El-shamy 2004; Indian: Bodfer 1957a,
Nos. 498,
7,7 5a T)lomp son / Roberts lg 60, ason 1 9gö; Burmese:
l Kaseviö / osipov t lzo, No. L iierature/Variants:
Chinese.. Ting 1978; African American: Dance 197g, No. 3g4; Dominican:
_1_07; ::tonian: cf. Kippar 1986, No. 10b 1
Hansen 1957;Crilean: Pino saavedra1960fr.trI, No.233;Argertine: Hansen 1957;
-t'. elorussian, Ukrainian: SUS.
west-Indian: Beckwith 1940,239; Algerian: Nowak 190ö, No. 21; Moroccan:
Basset 1887, Nos. 1,2, Nowak 1969, N;. 21, Er-shamy 2004; sudanese:
Klipple 107 Struggle between Dogs Lt,
1992,E1-Shamy 2004.
D efeat Because his E o rc e s
105* dogs fears the wolves be;.'
The Hgdgghog's Only Trick. (Including the previous Type 1058*.) A
fox, who has boasted that he knows a thouiand tricks, persuades a are of different breeds .::-.
hed-gehog to steal grapes with him. when the fox is caught in a trap In some variants the ::
the hedgehog advises him to play dead, so that the huitsman will the wolves kill them [' -
throw him away and he can escape [K522].When the hedgehog is
Combinations: 200.
caught in a trap, the fox refuses to help him. The hedgehog outwits
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr'1Y-
him and escapes. Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt l'''
In some variants a hawk (crane) and a fox live together. when l-.1te 1924 I, No.431; Dicke/Grr-rb:-
huntsmen approach, the hawk prays dead. Thus the foiis also saved :.tonian: Kippar 1986; Lithuaniar-
from the hunters. (previously Type 1058-.) Cf. Types gg,23g. \,r.512.

Rematks: Greek fable of Archilochos. 110 Belling the Cat. The mice -.

Literature/variants: Krohn 1892; schwarzbauml979,462;cf. EM g (1996) 1111,f . find anyone to tie it or '

!:aglrgl' Kippar 1986, No. 1058*; German: Tomkowiak1gg3,238; öroatian: cf.

Plohl-Herdvigov 1868 I, No. 13, Krauss/Burr et aL.2002, No. 9; Rumanian: Remarks: Documented in Svrian ::
schullerus 1928, No. 33I*, Birlea 1966r, r23ff.; Bulgarian: BFp; Albanian: Mazon
1936, No. 48; Greek Megas 1978;lJkrainian: SüS, Nos. gOi 1058*;
-:ntury. Early European literarr' .,.- .

Kurdish: l,rpular as a proverbiai phrase.

DZalila et al' 1989, No. 160; Iraqi.^It-shamy 2004;North African: El-shamy
2004; L iterature/Variants: Chauvin 1 S:l :
A-lgerian: Nowak 1969, No. 9, Ei-shamy zoo+;Moroccan: Basset 1g97,
Nos. 69, gZ Ir07ff. IV 145-147,301f.; Ariotto ., .

El-Shamy 2004.
l1i; Baum 1919;PaulilBolte 19ll - l

L05B* See Type 105*. iohrich l991f.Il,82L*823; EN{, -:

'-)97, 179f.; Adrados 1999ff. III, \i
106 Animals' Contersatioz. (Including the previous Type 2075.) This :innish: Rausmaa l982ff .Y, No. 9. :
miscellaneous type consists of various täles with imitations of ani- -ivonian: Loorits 1926; Latvian: -\:-..
mal sounds. Cf. Types 204,2178*, and.236*. -, Kerbelyte 19991f .IV (forthcomrr
.eabhäin/ Christiansen 1963; Scotl. :-
Literature/Variants: Aarne 1912b; EM: Unterhaltung der Tiere (in prep.). \o. 156; Spanish, Basque: Camarr:-
L_atvian: Aräjs/Medne-J.977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytä 197g, No. i003; Portuguese: Camarena/ Che., -..
4;'Nolwegian:
Hodne 1984, Nos. 1,06,2075;.Danish: Kristensen 1900, No. 562, Christensen/ Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: ci, ].1,
Bsdker 1963ff., No. 11; Irish: ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963, O,Sullivan7966, -993,227, Grimm KHM/Uther 1.-:
No.9; French: Delarue/Tendze1964ff.III; spanish: camarena/ch"rruii", 7g9sff. jimone 1994, No. 42d; Hungarrar-
I; Catalln portuguese: Cbelho 1985, No. 12, :001,277,292; Slovene: Kres 6 (1::
_Ori9-t{fujol 2003; Cardigos (forth_
coming) No. 105*4; German: GriÄm KHM/uther tögorl,r.r". isOiH"rri.n- Sorbian: Nedo 1956, 70 No. 5; Ukra:
Messow 2000; sardinian: Cirese/se.*finiL97s, No. 2075; Hungarian:
rraNr rx,
3, Jason 7965,7975, Noy 1976; Osse:
Nos.2075-20778";Serbian: cf. Djorttjeviö/Milo5evi6_DjordjeviE fS8a,
Nos. eß,
384; Mongolian: Heissig 1963, \.-
Bulgarian: BFP, Nos. *206*, *ig4"; cLinese: Ting 1q7d; Mäxican: paredes Kurdovanidze 2000, No. 113E*; Inc-
_3!5; 197e
No. 79; south African: Coetzee et ar. 1,967, Grobbäraar isat; Ivlrtugury, rsh-American: Robe 1973; Egyptiar,
rru.ir.g
1982, No.2.1.106.
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1910, No. 5, El-shamy 2004; somalian: Klipple 1992; south African: Coetzee et al. L iterature/Variants : Schwarzbaur.r'.
7967. l',o. 341; cf. Adrados 1999ff. III, \r
:ish: Ö Stiilleabhäin/ Christianse:.
L1l The Cat and the Mouse Conaerse. To escape from being eaten, a 3:iggs 1970f. AII, 194f.; Frisian: L.-
mouse te1ls a cat a tale or has a long dialog with her. Finally the cat
announces that she lvill eat the mouse anywav [K561. t.1]. 772 Country Mouse Visits Trt
tality by a country lrlotl:c
Literature/Variants: Schr,r,arzbaum 1979, 152f., 157 not. 5, 262; cf. Dicke/ mouse persuades the ci.
Crubmüller 1987, No. 342. the pantry. They are inte:
Finnish: Rausmaa 7982t1.v, No. 98; Norr,r,eEiian: Hodne 19g4; Danish: Kristensen
The country mouse i-
1896, Nos. 105-109, Kuhre 1938, No. 16, Holbek 1990, No. 1; Scortish: Briggs
1J211.21. Cf. Type 201.
1970f- Arr,513f.; Irish: Ö sirilleabhain/chrisriansen 1963; English: Briggs 1970f.
AIl,549f.; Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. K561.1.1; Frisian: Ko;i 19g4a; öerman:
Bechstein/Uther 1997 I, No. 78; Greek: Louka tos1957,25 No.2, cf. No.3, cf. Megas Remarks: Documented bY Hora..
7956f .I,34f.; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 6; Jer,r.,ish: cf. Noy 1963a, No. 4; Tadzhiklcf. I'erry 1965, 485f. No. 352). PoPtri,::
srF, No. 1'11; Indian: Jason 1989; Chinese: Ting 1978; ir-rdonesian: vries 1925f. II, Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1S9l::
'r35; Pedersen/Holbek 1961f. II )'
No. 122; Japanese: Ikeda 1971, No. 15,3; Moroccan: ZDMG 4g (1894) 403 No. 5.
1..o.3281; Schrvarzbaum 1979,61 -
1114 The wolf unjustly Accuses the Lamb anil Eats Him. Alamb is ac- -rubmüIler 1987, No.541; Holzl'::
,-,99ff. III, Nos. M.311, not-H. ll
cused of muddying water even though it is drinking dor,r,,nstream :rr-rnish: Rausmaa 7982ff. V 20,: I.
from the r,r,o1f (tige4 hyena) [U31]. .n, 7; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1s''':
-odne 1984; Irish: Ö Sliilleabhä1:-
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrv 1965, 451 No. 155). popular as a pror.erbial phrase. ..r6lff. III, Cifarelii 1993, No. -li1 :
-i2, 215, Goldberg 1998, No. Jl1r i
Literature/variants: Chauvin 1892ff. III,
56 No. t+, os No. 35; iredersen/Holbek
7961f .Il,
No. 34; Schwarzbaum 7964,7BBl.; Schr,r.,arzbaum 7969,466;Tubach 1969, -ujo1 2003; Portuguese: Clemenil:: -:
No. 5334; Schl^,arzbaum 7979, 9-14; Najgaard 1979; Elschenbroich lggl; ::l.rippers 1995, No.373; Frisiarr: L
Crubmüller 1981; Dicke/Grubrnüller. 1987, No. 632, cl. Nos.277,305; Adrados
-..mkowiak 7993, 229, Hubrich-l
7999f1.1]f, Nos. H. 160, M. 247; Schmidt 1999; EM: Wolf und Lamm (in prep.). :erafini L975,De Simone 1994, \
Estonian: Krppar 1986; Latr.ian: Arä;'s/Medne 7977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytä 1999ff. l\K
' I, Dömötör 2001 ,277: Ct, . '
I; Irish: o suilleabhain/Christiansen 1963; French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 323; '.:t73,189f
.; Serbian: Eschker 19!: l'
spanish: Goldberg 1998, N.o. u31; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. u31; portuguese: IFP; Greek: Megas 1978; Polish: L: -
craqa 2000, 194, Cardigos (forthcomirrg); Dutch: schippers 1995, No.,r97; Fiisian:
Kooi 1984a; German: Moser-Rath 1964, No. 225, Tomkowiak 1993, 231f.; Italian: -':.erhard/Boratav 1953, No. 1l; C-
lurdovanidze 2000; Iraqi: E1-Sr'.,:
Cirese/serafini 7975; sardinian: Rapallo 1982{.; Hungarian: MNK I, Dömötör -:son 1989; Chinese: Ting 1975 -.
1992, No.384; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 5334; srove,e: Vrtec 1 (1877)754;serbian:
rpanish-American: Robe 1973; E:
vröeviö 1868f. l, Nos. 385, 414; Croatian: stojano'i6 7g79,35; Bulgariar-r: BFp; \igerian: MacDonald 1982, \c.
-

A1bania.: Camaj /schier-oberdorffer r974, No. 54; Greek: Megas i97g; polirh, {lipple 1992; Sudanese: KlipPle , -
Krzy2anorvskil962f.I, No. 109; sorbian: schulenburg 18g0,295 äo. 9; ukrainian:
su.s; Jerruish: Noy 1963a, No
!Jason 1965; Georgi.rn:kurdo'anidze 2000; syrian,
Lebanese, Jordanian, Iracli: El-Shamy 2004; Iianian: Marzolph 19g4; Indian:
172* The Mice Carry the Egg,
Bodker 1957a, Nos. 1255,1256., Thompson/Roberts 1960, egg between her 1eg,s. -i'
Jason 19g9; Chinese: tail.
Ting7978; Egyptian, Algerian, Moroccan: El-shamr. 2004; south African: Coetzee
et al. 7967, Schmidt 1989 II, No. 638.
Remarks: Documented bY La F.':- .

111A* ADnmkard's Literature/Variants:

Promise. A drunken mo.rse charlenges a cat to fight. :
Latvian: Aräjs / Medne 1977 ; I-:-i.
The cat is about to kitl him when the mouse reminds the cat tf,at,
Kooi 1984a; Greek: Megas 1978; C:-
whe. the cat r,',as drunk, he had promised the mouse never to kill hng1978; US-American: Dodge ,
him. "That was a drunkard,s promise,,, savs the cat, and kills the
mouse. Cf. lvpe 132.

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112** The Mice and the Rooster. The mother mouse warns her children 1138 The Cat as Sham HolY 7I'
about the cat and tells them that the rooster whom they fear is holy man (a pilgrim)eniis'
harmless [J132]. by one as theY file bY or L
cat fails to deceive the m
Literature/variants: Pauli/Bolte No. 530; schwarzbatm1.9z9,161not.4,
1924 I, 165.
515 not. 1; Dicke/Grubmül1er 1982 No. 423; Adrados 19991t.[I, No. M. 309.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. v, No. 99; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Lithuanian: Aleksynas
Remarks: Documented in the Indi.'-
]974 No.30, Range 1981, No. 7; Scottish: cf. Aitken/Michaelis-]ena 1965, No.5g; ::ary source, see Odo of Cheriton. -:
French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 484; German: Tomkowiak 1993,22t; Itarian: Cirese/ -
L iterature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1 9 --
Serafini 1,975; Mexican: Robe 1973.
.,rubmüller 1987, No. 343; EM: Sch:
::anish: Goidberg 1998, Nos' K81r'-
113 The Mice Choose catas King. This miscellaneous type consists of \,.r. 39, cf. Moser-Rath 1964, No. 265; \
various tales in which mice choose a cat as their king. lenu§liski 1989 I, Nos. 23, 24; Br-r
--aboucha 1992; Abl<haz: Bga7ba 1"
Literature/Variants: -rva: Taube 1978, Nos. 2, 17)Pile>:'
Finnish: Rausmaa 198211.v, No. 100; Hungarian: MNKI; Turkish: Alptekin 1994, ,.18f., No. 83, El-Shamy 2004; Sr :
No. IV68; Mongolian: Heissig 1963, No. 33; Syrian: EI-Shamy 2004; Burmese: .:',dian: Bodker 1957a, Nos. 407 I
hompson/Roberts 1960, No. 1ii
-
Kaseviö/Osipov 1976, No. 66; Puerto Rican: HänsenL957 **113A. -
- !60, No. 113; Tibetian: O'Connor
i:
1134 Pan is Dead (previously King of the cats rs Dead).A man (dwarf) : gvptian, Algerian: El-Sham;- 20t' =
hears a voice (of a cat) that tells him to announce that a third figure - 10,1; Sudanese: Reinisch 1879, 21-<::
(the god Pan, the king of the cats) is dead. The man does not recog_ :hamy 2004.
nize either the voice or the name of the dead person. when he comes
home he tells what happened. When the mäid (cat) hears this, she 113* The Cat's Funeral. Nhcc
says she has to leave (is now the new king of the cats), goes away, really dead. The cat ki11.
and never comes back [8342].
In some variants a man kills a cat that folows him. Before she L iterature/Variants:
dies, the cat tells the man to inform a particular person of her death.
:innish: Rausmaa l982ff. Y No -

,:r78, No. 113A; Russian, Ukraini::.

When the man comes home and telli what happened, his own cat *113C; Puerto Rican: Ha:-
,976, No.
kills him.

Remarks: Documented by Plutarch, De defectu oracurorum (r7); wlthcats in the

115 The HungrY Fox Waits irt
16th century inthe Zimmerische Chronik. 1J2066.71. Cf. TYPe 5e.
rjler.1t-u.re{variants: Taylor 1922b;Rarke r934a, s2-90;Ka}rl6n t936;Haavio 1938;
o Ndill 1991; Hansen 2002,131-136; EM 10 (2002) 492497 (p. Lysaght); wessmann Remarks: Documented in the Intlr:
2003. Literature/Variants: Schwarzb aur-
Finnish: simonsuuri/Rausmaa 1968, No. 36T,Jauhiainen 199g, No. G1201; Esto- :innish: Rausmaa 7982ff.V, Nos. - -
nian: Aarne 1918, 123 \ Iedne 1977 ; Ltthuanian: Kerbelr :.
\9:15, Lithuanian: Balys 1936, No. 3908; Norwegian:
Christiansen 1958, No. 60z0A, Kvideland/sehmsdorff 19gg, No. 47,9;Dintsh: -.h: Liungman 1951; Irish: Ö Stiillea:
Kristensen 1892ff.I, Nos. 315,847,357,36g Irish: ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen Chevalier 1995tf .l; Greek: Megas -:
1974; Indian: Bodker 1957a, No 1-
Baughman 1966; Dutch: Sinninghe 1943,s}No. 101; Flemish: Berg
1?9?, !lgt9-h-.
1981, No. 133; German: Merkelbach-pinck rrßr,271, Hubrich-Messow 2000]
Berger 2001, No. 1134*; swiss: Kuonilgog, No. 292, Büchli/Brunold-Bigler 71,6 The Bear on the Haq-\\it
1989ff.II,613f.;Austrian: Vernaleken 1859, No.39, Depiny 1932,35,39,40nos.37, the forest. The horse st::
1965, No. 328; Hungarian: MNK I; bzech: Tille t929ff.Il2., man1J1762.21.
1?,_95,*67: l{aiding
435f.; Polish: Krzy2anowski L962f.r, No. 504c: us-American: Baughman 1966;
spanish-American: TFSp 11 (1933) 99f.; African American: Dance i9zg, No. 4g. Literature/Variants:
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tf.V, Nos. 1'--

\{edne 1977 ; Lithuanian: Kerbeli" t

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aql sluerre^ auros uI 'suourJas srti o] ualsrl ro dq ap; .,(aq] se auo dq
auo uaLI] slea 11 'saldnsrp se (sler) arrur slsrlua (rurrSpd e) uetu,{1oq sr real laql ruoqzvr ralsoor alp leq
e aq ol spualard oq.u (]er-ruol) lel y .uayg ti1o11 tuaqs sa W) aqJ g€II uaJpllq) Jaq suJe/vr asnoru rarf+our
98 selel Iuumrv n8z ll: ,82 )CC
hr
 ::c 284 A

Karelian: Kecskem6ti / paunonen L97 4; swedish: Liungman 1961;

Norwegian: -iterature/Variants: Pedersen,i Ht-.
Hodne 1984; Dutch: veldeke 26 (1951) 15f.; Russian, Byelässian:
süs; Ch"."äi./ -.1-286; Grubmüller 1987, No. -15r'
Mari: Kecskem6ti / Paunon en 197 4.
:.tonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian:
717 --hevalier l995tf . I; Catalan: Neu ga a
Riiling the Horse lets his claws sink into the horse,s flanks.
The Bear
. iungarian: Dömötör 1992, No.41l
when he is caught on a tree and the horse runs on, he is torn in two
[12187). 119C* See Type 47D.
Literature/Variants:
Finnish: Rausmaa I9B2ff.V, Nos.4g, 106-10g; Estonian: Kippar 19g6,
110 The First to See the Swtr
No. II7, cf. who can be the first to se
Nos. 1174" 1178; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Spanish: Camaäa/Chevalier
fSSSff. hill facing the east, the 1.r,--
I Rio CabreralPlrez Bautistä 199g, Nos. 27,2g; portuguese: soromenho/
Soromenho 1984f.I, No.3Z Cardigos (forthcoming). " the west. The sun shine.
wins. (Sometimes lvith h
117* See Type 47D.
Literature/Variants: Dähnharclt 1 :
118 The Lion Erightened by the Horse. An ord horse meets a
::hwarzbaum 1979,45 No. 12; E\l: :
rion who :rnnish: Rausmaa 1.982ff. V No. 1-
asks him if he can press water out of a stone. The horse
says no, but lorvojna-Sylwestrowicz 189.1, 3ll
he can strike sparks (with his hooves) out of the stone- ihe rungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodr',;
Hon rs
very impressed a,,d he tells the worf (bear) about the horse. The
wolf =l: Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Icelanclrr
boasts of having eatenrnany horses. The 1ion thereupon picks :uilleabhäin/ Christiansen 1963; Sr, :
up the
wolf to show him the horse and squeezes him to aäathtv mistake. Jrioi / Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Olive.
But he thinks the horse,s glance t itt"a th" wolf )'o. 1245*8; Italian: Cirese/Serafir :
[12351.41.'Cf. fype,
103C", 1258*. r.,ntelov 1956,92f .; Yakut: Ergi: I-^-
(:lmyk: Lörincz 1979; Georgian:
-.

Combinations: 47B. )62,75ff.; Chinese: Ting 1978; Ja::

Literature/Variants: EM 10 (2002) 936f. (M. Lüdicke). - .an American: Harris 1955, 1.l::
-j55a,
Finnish: Rausmaa 1992ft-v, No. 11g; Fturnish-Swedish: Hackman
1.9r7n.r,No.29;
3291.; Malagasy: Haring i 9Si
F:,gTul, Fqpur 1986; Latvian: Aräis/Medne t977;r_tthuunirn, furiuiriO rSSSf.
[; Irish: o Sriitteabhäin /Chrisrians
cr*r** 7äÄ""llt{", rsssff. 12\ Wolztes Climb onTop o.i C
"i tgoz;spanish:
?ortu.guese: Soromenho / Soämenho_ 1SA+r. r, N;. JäZrraigo, Top of One Another to Trt
I:^ ;^. 19?9.: Italian:
Uorthcoming); Cirese/Serafini l97S; polish: Krzyzanows'k OOZI. t; (hog) who has hurt one o:
Russiary Byelorussian, ukrainian: sus; Kurdish: pruZinina I si9,)0t., zztf.,
Kazakh: sidel'nikov 1958ff. r, r79f.; Uzbek Afzarov et ar..196zl,
him). The man escapes ur
ezir;ipanish_ another to reach him. \\'ht
American: cf. Robe 1973.
Iowest wolf runs awav e.l

119A* Type 1250.

See Type 200C*.
Combinations: This type is usualh. ;
7l9B* Horse's Defense against woloes. This tale exists chiefly in two
differ- .\'pes, esp. 152A., 157, and 1875.
ent forms: Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt i :
(1) In a fight between a rion and bulrs, the jchwarzbaum 1979,518 not. 16; E\1
rion sets the bulrs
against each other so he can overcome them Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff. V Nos. il
[1022]. Cf. Type 201F..
(2) Horses protect themserves from
wolvel by putting'ttei. fouls \os. 30, 34; Estonian: Kippar 19Er
in the middle of a circle and turning therr hindquart".s tä*u.a Kerbelytö l999fL l; Karelian: Kecske
th"i. ,ene 1967, No. 27; French: Delaru.
enemies.
Chevalier 1.995ff.I; Catalan: Oriol I
Remarks: variants with lion and bulls derive from an Aesopic Cardigos (forthcoming); Flemish: \It
fable (perry 1965, 1962; Cerman: Preuß 1912, l7f ., Pe
487 No.372).
Dömötör 2001,287; Russiary Byelon
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 .rC 284

Noy Gy_psy: MNK X 1; Cheremis/Mari: Beke 193g, No. 73; Mordvinian:

.1,976; )2, 1224; Puerto Rican: Flou.er: -
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen-l97_4;_Mongolian: Lörincz 1979; S5trian: Eishamy
Indian: Bodker 1952a No.567, Tauscher 1959, No. aS, fho'mpsoJnoUlrt,
2004; :..dian: Wilbert/ Simoneau 1992, \,
fSOO, Flowers 1953, No. 122; Lib., ,
:',rlies:
Jason 1989; Korean: Choi1979; Chinese: cf. Ting l97g;Laotian: cf. Lindel et al. 21,3-5, El-Shamy 200+ \'
'rre. \6.
6!;lapanese: Ikeda 1971.,Inad.alOz{wa piryZff.;Egyptian: Et_Shamy :iramy 2004; East African: Klippic
!27^7^tr_!II,
1980, No. 48, El-Shamy 2004; Algerian, Moroccan, el_Sham"y
äOO+; Srarr,"ru,
Kronenberg / Kronenberg 1 9Zg, N;. 57, El_Shamy 2004.
1228 The Rat Persuades tlre C
catches a rat (sparrou, .:
122 Animal Loses His prey Because His victim can Escape by Ealse prea
(previously TheWolf loseshisprey) cat that no one eats a r:r.
tK550l. Cf. Typäs 6,Z7,tti,Z2Z, cat cleans her mouth.::r,-
and227*.
seif to clean her mor-rtl.. r
122A The Wolf (Eox) Seeks Breakfast. (Includrng the previous Type
91A".) Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt I -
Awolf (fox) threatens to eat various animäls ftäg sheep härse) but :rnnish: Rausmaa 1982tf. V \o. ,
they ask for a rast favor: one has to baprize his Ihitarä l.ledne 1977 ; Lithsanian: Kerbeh :-
[K551.8], a
second one wants to squear before the worf eats him up, ,o tt ut
r,ätp 'r2f. ll, No. 2lq; Faeroese: \r r'.
comes [K551.3.4] (previousry Type 91A*), and one wants to finish ''tuguese: Freitas lqg6,5q. Car-: -
hii -i-ian: Kooi lq84a; Flemish:
prayer [K551.1] (cf. Type 1199). The wolf stays hungry (is killed). \1, .

'lU, II l; Sloverre: Sloven'ki - ---

Combinations' jr77,
, No. 29; Rumanian: SchulLi:-;
T!!s_Vn9i9 "sually combined with episodes of one or more other
types, esp. 478, 122C, 122K*, and 1149. -rapeluS 19 64, 257 ; Ossetian: Lelr:-
Literature/variants: Bp rr,206-209;paulilBolte L924r, No. g7; wesselski
1925,
liompson/Roberts 1960, ]aro:-.
No. 58; Pedersen/Holbek 1961f. iI, Nos. r24-12g; Tubach 1969, No. I'lacDonald 1982, No. K562; Airic,..:-
5354;
Schwarzbaum 1979,21not. 4,1.52 nor. 4; Dicke/G*U*,ru". iSSi;(.. -'rngolese, South African: Klipp-.
Lsa, SNL
Wolf verliert seine Beute (in prep.).
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.v, Nos. so, sg,fi.4;Finnish-swedish:
Hackman r917f.r, l22C The Sheep Persuades tltt
1986;.Latvian: Aräjs/Medn e 1977;Lithuanian: Kerbelyte starts to howl (plar. ti-," :
I?.^i1,I:1"-1"' Ennrl
1999ff.r; Karelian: Kecskem6ti/paunonen igz+, Nor. 122,122A;swedish:
Liung- beat up (chase an,ar') ti-..
man1.96l; Norwegian: Ho$1e 198{ Nos. L22,L2lA;Faeroese:
i.fy_u,. ilA+, No.
122;rrish: ö sriittäarhain/Christiansenß,ai,,No. 122; French:
Derarue/Tenöze Combinations: This type is usuai,..
t964lf.rrr, No. 122 Cifareni 1993, No.322; spanish: cu-uru.,uf ön""rri".
rsssff. . pe§, esp. 47 A, 478, 122A, 12:B
I, GonzälezSanz 1996,1\9: 1_212?A; Basque, Camarena/Chevalier
199iff.I; Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr' 1':-
Catalan: Neugaard 1993, N^o. K551, Oriol/päjot ZOOS; portuguese:
Soromenho t9'4f . I, Nos.-42, 4!16, 7 S, Cardifos (forthcomif, j
io.Ä""hol Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1 S:rl::
.,\esselski
i,- i 1ü, eZ e, 1925, No.58; Pedersen :
Dutch: Schip_pers 1995, No. 509; Frisian: Käoi 1984a; Walläon: "".
Legros L962; i59; Schwarzbaum 1968, 360; Sch.,. .,
German: cf. Grimm KHM/Uther 1,996II,No. 86, U"U.i"h_fr,"r**iö6ö,
ftrfiu", -987, Nos. 598,652, cf. No. 651; -{;,
C-irese/serafini 192s, Nos. 122, 122A.; sardinian: Rapalro r9g2f., \1 2b6, cf. No. H. qq; EM: Über*, .,
No. 122;
Hungarian: MNKI, Nos. 122, 122A,122A.;Czech: Dvoiälk, No.
igsa S;ukir", Estonian: Kippar 1986; Irish: Ö Sl',...-
Ga§parikovä 199lf.r,No. 14o cf. No.270; Rumanian: schuirerus
rszä, No. sra-; Tenöze 1964ff.IIl, No. 122; Spanish. -
Bulgarian: cf. BFP, No. "122A,;Creek: Megas 197g; polish:
Kr;i?-u;;;rkilg62f. -996, Goldberg1998, No. K561.1: C-:
I, No. 122; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 7; Ru-ssian, Byelorussian,
UkralJan: SUS; lujol 2003; Portuguese: Soromenl-.r
Turkish: Eberhard/Bora-tav 1953, Nos. 11 v,73v,Ätpt"ki.,1994,
Nos. rrisoff., v ;oming); Dutch: Schippers 199r \.
Gyp"y, MNK X 1; O:Trian, Bjazyrov 1958, No. 16; Cheremis
??f.;
Kecskem6ti /Paunonen'i.92 4, Nos.'l2i, nze; ciruvash: Ke"rk;ä7p;;nonen
f Mari,Tatar: \leyer 1968; German: Haltrich,' \\.
1001, No. 122C*; Hungarian: NI\R
197 4, N o. l22A; Tadzhlk srF, No. 31; Georgian:
cf. virsaladze rs6r; i;üur,"r", Ga§parftovä 1991f.I, No. 140; Rur:-,:
Nowak 1969, No. 179,6;Itaqi: Nowak 1969,11o. 21,g_s, El_Shamy
ifio+; i.,airn, 1978; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 7; Br e
Bsdker 1957a, No. 674, Thompson/Roberts 1960, No. 91A*,
|asori 1 9g9,'No.122; )q56,87f.; Tadzhik: STF, Nos. l+i
Korean: Choi1979, No. 29; Chinese: Ting197g,Nos. 122,
tZZ:e;y"p^"ü.: Ikeda gian: Virsaladze 1,961,; Oman: E1-Sl,:
1971, No. 122; Afuican American: Dorsoi 19s6,
No. 3; Mexica", iroL" 1973, Nos. Indian: Bodker 1957a, Nos. 626, r)
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 r.C 284

1978; Eskimo: Barüske 1991, Nos. 51, 55; puerto Rican: Hanse '..r1javec
n r9s7;A1gerian, 1890, No.61, Schütz ty:
Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004.
:..rZinovski 1977, Nos. 30, 31; Bui i
ttur 1e72, No. l0; Turkish: Eher:-
l22D caught Animar promises Captor Better preq (previousrv ,,Let
me \äkut: Doerfer 1983, No. 61; Ta;:
Catch you Better Game,,). A captured hare [shäep, ,oori"1, black_ ', Lr. 34; Pakistani: Thompson/ Rob,e:
bird, fox) pretends to help u *olf (fox, lion) and promises a more ':.ompson/
Roberts 1960, Jason 1 9 i..
desirable victim. Thus the hare escapes
[K553.1]. öf. Type 100.. . :se: Heunemann 1980, 139ff.; Til.e.
",8; US-American: MacDonald 1..:
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1,g92ff.Il, 116 No. 94, 19g No. 39; schwarzbaum :.1if.; Mexican: Robe 1973; \{e-.t I: .

1979,92 not 2, t53,556 not. 12. - .lf; Moroccan: Basset 1897, No. :-
Estonian: Kippar 1986; French: Derarue/Tendze r964ff.III; -,:rican: Callaway 1868, 164.
spanish: Camarena/
Chevalier 1995ff .r; catalan: cf. orior/pujol 2003; portugu"rd, pedroso
i985, No.
34, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 19g4a; GermÄ: 1l2G "WashMe" ("SoakMe" tl.
Tomkowiak L993,23g,
perSgJ-lOO_t; Bulgarian: BFp; Greek Megas 1978; Russiary ny"tor"rriuf, different forms:
Ukrain_
ian: SUS; Jewish: Haboucha 1952;TadLhtk ST[, Nos. 76,
2004; rndian: Thompson/Roberts 1960,
i.[, ZZS;Svrian: EI_ (1)A wolf (jackal, ft r
9!qy
1906, No. 1; polynesian:
i"""its19,-üa"iä"r,,ö,cor,r.,o, sow persuades the rr-o1- .

Chinese: TingIgTg; Kirtley 1971, No. K553.1; Spanish_

America'r: Robe 1973;AfricanAmeritan: Harris r9sb,324ff.;Mexican: pulls the wolf into t1-re r. ..
frobe1973; (2)A turtle explairrs :-
{ayan: Peflalosa 1992;Chltean: pino saavedra1,9g7,No. 5; EastAfrican: Arewa in order to soften his sh.
1966, No. 975; Centrar African: Fuchs 1961, 16ff.; Namitirru
Schmidt 198911, No. 4938.
s""n african:
L iterature/Variants:
1228 wait for the Fat Goat. Three goats
::anish: Gonzälez Sanz 1996; Ce-- :.
(bily goats) have to pass a bridge :rch-Pinck 1940, 372, 334ff., Benz.
-'
where a troll keeps guard, or they meet a wolf who wants to
eat - zbek: Afzalov et ai. 1963 I, 55f.: l.l
them. He lets the two small ot pär, in order to v
get the biggest
oc one, :.qi: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Bod-.-:
who throws him into the river"r[«sss.z]. i.rberts 1,960; Sri Lankan: ThonLp. -
--.rc1ian: Sacher 1979, 117 ff ., Gau.1e.
Literature/Variants: Scherf 1 995 I, 107 f ., 1.g7 ff ., I, 1412f l.lar.an: Peflalosa 1992; Perur.ian: I.,
Lappish: Kohl-Larsen 197s, 2rff .; Norwegian: iJodne 19g4;
. ; Schmidt 1999.
swedish: Liungman ra4.
1961, No. 123*; French: Derarue/Tenczeigeqff.Ill;
-
Frisian:kooi tgs4a; wuttoor,,
Legros t962; German: Kuhn 18s9, 2sof.,Nimtz-wend randt
1962, No.
196r,N.. 33, oberfeld
Hungarian: MIK_I; Greek: Mega s.l.97g; Sorbian: Nedo tgSO,
722H "Waituntill GetDty." -\:-
_3; - No. S; wants to eat him. He ask .
Ossetian: LevinlgTB, No. 38; Indian: Thom"pson/Roberts
1960. being eaten. Thus he esc;:
122F "Wait till I am Fat Eyou-S!.,, A captured animal (hog, sheep, dog)
Remarks: Early literary source in *.
persuades his captor (wolf) to wait until he is fat enou§h "
to rt * i Cheriton (El lihro de /os gn/o>, \.
he escapes [K5S3]. "ui. L iterature/Variants:
ipanish: Camarena / Chevalier 19. ::
Combination:' TI: typg ir usually combined with episodes of 13, 34; Indian: Bodker 1957a, Ntr -
one or more other
types, esp. 47A, 478,122A, 122M+, and,11,49. \frican American: Dorson 1967, \.
R.emarks: Aesopic fable (perry 1965, 447 No. 134).
Literature/variants: wesselski 1925, No. 5g; schwarzb aum
(1981)613;Dicke/Grubmülrer1987,Nos.14ä,
1979, 26r-263; EM 3 722J See Type 478.
S,Lt,cf.No.341;Adrados1999ff.rrr,
Nos. H. '18,M.307, M.358.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff- v No. 49; Estonian: Kippar 19g6; 7222 Other Tricks to Escape lttt
French: Derarue/
Tenöze t964ff . III, Cifarelti 1993, Nos. 129, 400; Späish, 69** and 878*.) This mis.
1995tr'r, Gonzdlezsanz r.9f!; calit*. orior/pujor
C;;"; 7 öhevalier
about other tricks of anim;
2'003; porhrgues"rvärÄ."uor/
soromenho et a..1963f . rj Ngs. 3?,.3sr Cardigoä (rorth"o*i"ii, etc.).
1993, No. 40| German: Tomkowiak 1 993,20i.,
o"..i, sliipp".,
2)0;Hungari;", fraNi i, Croatian,
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 92 Hans-Jörg Uther -FC284 Ar
FFC 28,1

Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff. V 288 No. 172. licke/Grubmiller 1987, Nos.59E, ,

Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977, No. 878*; Spanish: Cama- :innish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V No. i1
rena/Che'alier 1995ff. I, Nos. 69**,122R,1688; portuguese: Oli'eira 1900ff. II, lenöze 1964ff.1l[., No. 122; Spanish: (
No. 92, Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al. 1963f. I, Nos. .10-4,1, 46, Cardigos (forth- , 996; Basque: Camarena / Chevalier
coming), Nos. *122F, 122R; German: Berger 2001; Greek: Megas 197g; Euigarian: :.1; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/ Sorr
BFP; Ukrainian: SUS, No. 878*; Mongolian: L6ri,cz 1979; Jordanian, eatar: E1- :orthcoming); Dutch: Schippers 1'
Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984, No. -122F; pakistani: Thompson/Roberts '.Ieyer 1968; German: Henßen 19:1
1960; Indian: Bodker 1957a, Nos. 608, 672, 629,690,69i Thompson/Roberrs 1960, -t62, No. 151; Hungarian: MNK I; C.
]ason 1989; Chinese: Ting 1978; Mexican: Robe 1973; puerto l{ican: Hansen1957, ,i60, No. 3; Bulgarian: BFP; Sorbia:
Nos. 122**F, 122"*G,122**I; Mat,an: Peflalosa 1992; Venez,elan: Hansen 1957, No. ::. Bsdker 1957a, No. 990; Spanish-
122*"8; Peruvian: Hansen 1957, No. 722*"K; paraguayan: Hansen 1957, No.
122**M; Egyptian, Tunisian, Tanzanian: El-Shamy 2004; Central African: 722L* BlindWolf Keeps Guard t

Lambrecht 1967, Nos. 660, 660A,2260. an ox. The ox's legs are t
them because the bonc
\228* The Squirrel Persuades the Fox to pray before Eating, It escapes wooden sticks to hold in.
lKs62.1l.
L iierature/Variants:
Literature/Variants: Cf. BP II, 208; Dicke/Grubmül1er 1987, No. 179. :stonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Arä'.
Estonian: Kippar 1986; Swedish: Säve/Custar.son 79521.il, No.21g; Danish:
Skattegraveren 8 (1887) 158 No. 675; Irish: ö Sfrllleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; 722M* The Ram Runs Straigltt
Frer-rch: Delarue/Tenöze7964ff.III; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; walloon: Laport 1932, No.
*61B; previous Type 126C..) \
German: Tomkowiak 1993,277, Berger 2001; Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS;
to open his mouth r.t-ide
Abkhaz: Bgaäba 1959, 106ff .; Kurdish: DruZinina tgSS, tZtt.; Tadzhik: STF, Nos.
142,277,284;Uzbek Afzalov et al. 1963 I,43f.; Syriary palestinian: El-Shamr,2004; the wolf with his horns a
Africar.r American: Dorson 1967, No. 6; Algerian, Moroccan: E1-Shamy 2004;
South African: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 562. Combinations: This type is usua11..- .
1224, 122F, 1:-
:1'pes/ esp. 478,-l..00,
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaur:-.
122D* To Make a Bird rastier. A fox puts a bird into the hub of a wheel to :innish: Rausmaa l982lf. V No. --
make it tastier.
-980, No.20; Latvian: Aräjs/Me.ir
- 16C*; Danish: Christensen / Bodke:
Literature/Variants:
3ehrend 1912, No. 14, Grannas 19:-
Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 7977; Karelian: Kecskem6ti/
an: MNK I; Czech: Horäk 1971, 35t-
Paunonen 1974; Greek: Laogräphia 6 (1917 I 20) 702,1, LaogrÄphia i7 (1957 I SB)
143,2. -ajkanovi6 1929, No.2, Eschker 19:,
r1; Bulgarian: BFP; Albanian: Larn':
-974, No. 54; Russian, Byelorussia:
122K* The Wolf as ludge (pteviousll, Wolf Acts as ludge before Eating the -953, 414 No. 4;Tatar:Kecskem6h -
Rams). A wolf meets two rams (goats) and r,r,ants to eat one of them. :i.1963 I, 25; Chinese: Ting 1975; I
They ask him to settle a quarrer between them about the ownership lobe 1973; Chilean: Flansen 195: l'
of a meadow. The wolf will eat the loser. The animals run to the wolf
from both sides of the meadow and hit him u.ith their horns. The 122N* The Donkey Persuades t]'
wolf is killed, or the animals can escape white the wolf is uncon- Awoif wants to eat a dor-
scious [K579.5.1]. villagers want the woli a:
the donkey to the village
combinations: This type is usuallv combined with episodes of one or more other
types, esp. 4,47A,478, 122A, and 122C. Combination s: 478, 122M* .
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 196s, 593ff . No. 699). Also documented in the Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1891:r
middle of the 12th centurv in the Ysergrimus (lr,159-68g), then in the 13th century i20; Schwarzbaum 1968,28; cf. Dic..
tn the Romnn de Renart (XX,1-94). IIi, No. M.249.
Literature/variants: wesselski 1925, No. 58; pedersen/Holbek 1961f. II, No. 126; French: Cifarelli 1993, No.325; D'l
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JIo.{t aql o] uru sPurrlrE ar{f -rasl
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IVOOZ [trrcqs-lf :uerroroll,uer:a31
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JIoM aql sa,rr8 aq uaql
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/196I uaüuaH/olprssoM ,']Jgn,Ig6L uaüuaH :ueluraD 19961 tr
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I&.lf
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 .iC284

l9&4a;Hungarian: MNK I; Bosnian: schütz 1960, No. 3; Macedonian: vraZinovski ioberts 1960, iason 1989; Chineser
1977, No.32; Rumanian: Dima 194{ No. 1; Bulgarian: BFp; Greek Megas 197g;
liorth American Indian: Thompson
Russiary Byelorussian, Ilkrainian: sus; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 19531 414 No.
-973; African American: Baer 19ELl
4;Tadzhlk: STF, No. 115, cf. Nos. 354,362; Chinese: Tingl97g. .ilcoforado / AIb 6n 2001, No. 9; Ar=
- 953; Cape Verdian: Parsons 1923b I
123 The Wolf and the Kids. A wolf comes while a mother goat is away, :hamy 2004; Tunisian: Nowak 1969
hoping to eat her kids (kid). When they do not open thu aoo., th" \owak 1969, No.25, El-Shamy 200:
wolf changes his voice [K1832, K311.3] and colois his paws with - 992; Sudanese: Klipple 1992, EI-S\
flour [K1839.1]. The childrenbelieve that it is their mother and they \os. 3858, 3952; Congolese: K1ipp.
open the door. The wolf eats the kids (all except one). The youngest '.lalagasy: Klipple 19o2.
kid hides in a clock. The mother returns and takes,"rr".g" orr1h"
wolf. She finds him asleep, cuts her children out of his belly [F913], 123A The Fox Buys a Foal ant
and fills it with stones IQ426l. Or, she challenges him to a fight, herdsmen out of a foal rri
which she wins. or, she invites him to her house *hur" he falls into at home a wolf changes
a pit ofhot coals. Cf. Types 333,7058,2029. house and is eaten. The ii
In older variants the kid obeys his mother and does not open the
door []1441. Literature/Variants:
i{ungarian: MNK I; Serbian: Kar:-
',9791.I1, No. 2; Bulgarian: BFP; Gre-.
Combinations: 4, 34, and 122C, esp. 2'L2, 3ZZ. '-974;
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 196s, s29 No. 572) then documented in the 12th Georgian: Virsaladze 1961.
by Marie de France, Esope (No. 89) and ca. 1350 by ulrich Boneq, Edelstein
991tryr 1238 Wolf in Sheep's Clothing
(No.33). t

Literature/variants: Dähnhardt 19o7ff .ly, 277f .; Bp r, 3742; pedersen/Holbek laneous type consists of r ;
1961f.II, No.62; Schwarzbaum 1964,I89; Tubach 1969, No. 2309;Soriano1970; himself as a sheep (occasr.
B elmont 1,97 3, 7 0-7 8, 82f ; Schw ar zb aum i.97 9, xxxiv No. 86, and eat the sheep [K82S
.
119_I2Z; Dicke /
Grubmüller 1 982 No. 650; Eberhar d 1989 ; scherf lggs rr, 928-930, 1.07 3-ro7 s, covered and beaten (kii1e
l4L3-1416; Tomkowiak/Marzolph 1996 rr,27-30; Dekker et al. 1997, 421424; cf .
Adrados l999ff.rr, Nos. M. 184, not-H. 121; schmidt 1999;EM: worf und Geiß- Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 196:
lein (in prep.). b1,Odo of Cheritory Liber parabolnri,...
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V No. 118; Estonian: Kippar 19g6; Livonian: Loorits Literature/Variants : Schwarzbaun,
1'926; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerberytö 199gff. I; Lappish: baurn 1.979, 223 not. 13; Dicke/Gn
Qvigstad 1925; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne f9g+; Dänish: Adrados 199911.ilI, Nos. M.361, nc:
Grundtvig 1854ff . ll, 322; Scottish: Bruford/MacDonald 1994, No. 2; Irish: ö Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1.977; Frent
sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tendze t96t4ff .III, Cifarelli Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff. I; Dutc:
1993, No. 330; spanish: Camarena/Chevalier r99sff .r, Goldberg 199g, No. j144; Rath 1964, No.234, Tomkowiak 199-1
*No.
Basque: Camarena / Chevalier 1991ff .; Catalan: Neugaard 1993,
1144, Orrol I ian: Dömötör 1992, No. 383; Bulgarr
Pujol 2003; Po,rggo".e' Fontinha 1992,27f ., Cardigol (forthcoming)j outch: sin- 1978; Ukrainian: cf. SUS, No. 123C-
ni. nghe 19_43, Schippers 1995, No. 488; Frisian: I(oJl tgg+a; Remisfr:
Mey er 196g; et aL.1967.
Walloon: Legros 1962; German: Tomkowiak 1999, 239,Grimm KHM I tJther 1996
I, No. 5, Hubrich-Messow 2000; Italian: Cirese/seraf intlgTs;sardinian: Rapallo
19-82f.;Hungarian: MNK I; Czech: Dvoiäk 197g, No. 2ggg*, Sirovätka 19g0, No.
1,24 Blowing the House ln lZ>',
goose builds a house of i.
39; Slovene: YedeL,2 (18a9) ßB; Serbian: Eschker 1992, No. 50; Bulgarian: BFp;
blows the goose's house ;
9_.u*'Megas 1978, No. L23,2;Rttssiary Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SüS; Turkish: the hog's house. He tries ti
Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 8; Jewish: Haboucha 1992; Gypsy: tluitt« X l;
Bjazyrov 1960, No. 18; yakur ErgSs 1.967, No. 82; faalnil. STE Nos. 4Z
Os-setian: the wolf suggests they ste
212, 4L2; Mongolian: L6r.incz L979; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 20oot; syrian, the hog goes earlier so tha
Lebanese, Palestiniary jordanian: El-Shamy 200 4; h aqi: Nowak p eg, N o. iZ, Fjt_ tries to get into the hous,
shamy2004; saudiArabian:Fadelr9z9,No. g, ut-shamy2o}4;Kuwaiti, scalded with boiling wate
eatar: El-
shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Indian: Bodker 1957a, No. 1ag rhÄpson/ 01, three pigs build on

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r: C 284

iron. The wolf destroys the first two houses and eats the pigs but the Arewa 1966, No. 387, K1ipple 1:-
.,:r:
third pig is able to outwit him. (Previously Type 124A;.) ,:nian: El-Sharny 2004; Namibian, :

Literature/Variants: BP I, 40f .; HDM 2 (199L-40) 188; IAFL 46 (1,933) 78; Scherf 1l5B* ContestbetzrteenDonkeu,t
1995I,221,f., 476480; EM: Wolf im Schomstein (in prep.). (l ncl uding the pretior-r -
Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1.963; English': Bäughman 1966; French:
chiefly in three different :
Delarue/Tendze1964ff.III, Tenöze/Delarue 2000; spanish: camarena/Chevalier
(1) A donkey brag,. 1.-' .'
1995ff.I; Catalan: oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Cärdigos (forthcoming); Flem-
ish: Lox 19994 No.5; Walloon: Legros 1962,No. l24;Italian:Cirese/Serahn1197S, to press water ouI oi a 1- .
Nos. 124, l24A*; Hungarian: MNK I, No. 124B*; Greek: Megas 1978; Sorbian: ground with his hoof). \',
Nedo 1956, No. 9; Ukrainian: SUS, No. 1244*; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, the lion takes him for the
No. I III; Georgian: cf. Virsaladze 1961; Palestiniary Iraqi, persian Gulf: El-Shamy (2) A lion pulls dorlrr t:-
2004;Laotian: cf. Lindell et aL.1977ff. III, 15ff.; |apanese: cf. Ikeda 1971.;French- do the same thing. T1-re ili,
Canadian: Delarue / Tendze 1964ff .III; US-American: Baughm an 1966; African on a rabbit and kills it. ,\:,
American: Harris 1955, 145ff.,IAFL34(1921)17f.,35(1922)r67ft.;Mexican: Robe ties (previously Type 1l:t
1.973; Cuban: Hansen 1957; West-Indian: Flowers 1953; Egyptian, Tunisian: cf. (3) A donkey imprc--.
Nowak 1969, No. 16, El-Shamy 2004; Algerian: El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese: ]ahn
he takes a bath in the rir e:
1970, No. 7, EI-Shamy 2004; South African: Coetzee et a{. 1967 .
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaun',
724A* See Type 124. :.r1ian: Cirese/Serafini 1975, \os-

-.r01, 289; Gypsy: Aichele/B1ock 1:":-

725 The Wolf Flees from the Wolf-Head. Domestic animals (sheep, l2a1i1a et al. 1989, No. 183; Tadzl.ri.
donkey) find a sack and the head (bones) of a dangerous animäl
(wolf, tiger). They meet another wolf and make him believe that 125C* See Type 7258*.
they have killed one of his kind. The wolf flees in terror [K1715.3].
Cf. Types 126,11.49. 125D* See Type 1258*.

Combinations: 3, esp. 130. 726 The Sheep Chases the I\ olr

Remarks: Documented in the middle of the 12th century in the ysengrimus (ry, The sheep pretends to e;.:
v1-810). Cl. Type 1749.
Literature/variants: BP | 254f .; schwalrzbaurn 1964, l89;schwarzbaum lgzg, 1g9
not. 8; Dicke/Grubmüller 1982 No.503; EM Z (1992)1253-1258 (G. Dicke); Scherf
Combinations 78, 725, 726A*, 7),. .
1995 1,333-336.
Literature/Variants: Cf . BP I, 160 nr:
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V No. 119; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte
II, No. 134; Schrvarzbaum 1964, 1S'
1999ff. I; Lappish, Wotian, Karelian: Kecskem6ti/paunonen 1974; Swedish
\os. 503, 585; cf. Adrados 19991i.fir,
Liungman 1961; Danish: skattegraverenl2 (1889) 219f. No. g03; French: Delarue/
.lcn Wolf ( forthcoming).
Tenöze 1964ff.r[, Cifarelli 1993, No.58; spanish: Camarena/Chevalier lggsff.r,
Finnish: Rausmaa L982ff .V, No. 1l
Gonz|lezsanz1996;Basque: Camarena/Chevalier L99sff.r; Catalan: oriol/pujol
1993, Nos.58, 130; Spanish: Espir-ro.-..
2003; Portuguese: Cardigos (forthcoming); Macedonian: ToSev lgs4, r6lif.;
Bulgarian: BFP; Albanian: Lambertz 1922, No. 60, Camajlschier-oberdorffer
\o. 348; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1--
1974, No. 54; Russiary Ukrainian: SUS; ]ewish: Jason1965; Turkish: Eberhard/
\o. 45; Byelorussian: SUS; Ossetiar'.r
Boratav 1953, No. I Qa); Dagestan: Chalilov 1965, No. 1g; Ossetian: Bjazyrov -\bkhaz: Dirr 1920, No. 42, Sakrr'l -
Paunonen 1974;Uzbek: Afzalov et :.-
196O No. 46;Kazakh: Sidel'nikov 1952,21,;Turkmen: Stebleva 1969, No. a, cf. No.
100,108; Tuva: Taube 1978, Nos. 1tl. :'
9; Tadzhlk STF, No. 74, cf. No. 108; Kalmyk: Vatagin 1964,261f.; Mongolian:
Tason 1989; Burmese: cf. Kaseviör O..'
Michajlov 1962,203, Heissig 1963, No. 17,L, cf.No. 17,2; Tuva: Taube 197g,No.16;
L.odian: Caudes 1987, Nos. 11, 5-l; F.
Indian: cf. Tauscher 1959, No.3; Chinese: Reichl 1986, No.41; Spanish-American,
.\merican: Harris 1955, 149ff ., 32Eii.
Mexican, Guatemalan: Robe 1973; Puerto Rican: HansenlgsZ;Mayan: peflalosa
Verdian: Parsons 1923b I, 317, 320, :.
1992; Argenttne: Chertudi 1960f.I, No. 28; West Indies: Flowers löSe;Egyptiary
2004; Cuinean: Klipple 1992; Cant
Tunisian" Algerian, Moroccan: El-shamy 2004; Guinean: Kripple t99z;r,f,si Afri-
Sudanese: Klipple 1992; Central Ail

-
:asalo8uoJ 1g8lI 'oN '196I lqlarqlueT :Lrp)rrJV lprlua3 17661 alddrpl :asauppr-r -rrJV tseg :7661alddrlS:ueaumJ :h
'uecrrly lseg 1699 'lgg'IOOZ )r€so) :uoolaruE3 17661 alddrly :ueaurnD 1f( -
dtueqglg '9 'oN '696I lp^\oN :uer:a81y !ZZ€, ,02€, ,1rc, ,I q€Z6I_ suosrEd :uerp j. 'ue4dd8g l€g6l sraMoIC :sarpul tsa-\
eso I
e gad :ued e141 1196
I uasupH :uE-rr
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'ueruaurv-Llsruedg 117 il{r
uerrrlv 1I 'oN 'Ig6I qlro.rtsa1S3rr1u,1 :ourdrpg 1'g ,II .soN ,lg6l sapneD :uurF, --
19I 'oN tgl6laqnel:e^nJ iZZI -o-\ -]
-Lrte) :Bl6L 3ur1 :asaurq3 lIgI .oN ,9761 rcdrsg l)r,\asp) .Jl :asaurng 1696 1 ut :.
.Jr ,gg ,0I .soN ,816I :uer1o8uo141 !' ltgZ,VgAt ur€e1e-1 q-i
:uerpul 17961 qdlozreI4l :uerlrerl 1€g oN aqnpl :€^nI 1g0l ,r 'oN',r','oN'696I
'soN 'J) 'trlI 'oN 'CIS :TIt{zpeI !'lltt,l B^aIqalS ruauDpn_l
€,96L.Ie }a ,rolezJg :laqzfl 1}16I uauoLrr..: ,totfzefg:ueqasso igl -oN,g96tr -rol
,9161 ,Zi .oN ,0261 t4q:zELIl. :
/rtgLua{stra) :>1e,,(1on 'LIS€^nLIJ 1I 'oN 1,{.r1eg
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rarJropraqo-rarqrg / ferue3,09 .o-\
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19961 reddry :Lreruolsg tgzI .oN ,L.llzg6l eerusne5 :Llstr:.
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'(Surruocqlrol) r-r: -
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/186I rallnuqnrD/aTrrC 'IJ:696I uosaruu{ !69I ,t961runeqzru.\\qf,S :qsrpaAs lt 16T ru.auo].Jllled,/ B?rIIaTsi
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'(teo8; daaqs e ]Ea ol slupÄ{ (;a8q) ;1o.tt y .ltoty, r4+ sasuq) daa1g aqa N.-,
'*9971 ad,(1 aag *Cg;l
'[e'SfZf»] rorra] ur s€E flo.u aql -
'*9971 ad.{1 aag *JgII +Eql a^arlaq l.urq aäEur puB _rlo-r.r r
IEluruE sno.reSuep e Jo (sauo(Tii F?p;
'g16l SuII :asaurq3 llgl 'oN ,CIS :>llllzppJ ltgl .oN ,6g6L.Ie +a eplpz,-
'daaqs) sleurrue rqsaurocl -pmg1
-_
'Jr'Itr'oN /816I lazluaM :LISrprn» i9ü oN ,Z96li)oIBlalaq:ry:,isdi3 !68Z,Ii
J9]9LU9CI'*VBII oN 1XNr,l !.cl.gzl-*ggzl_.soN'916I lurJEras/asarrJ:uErl:,
' urnEQZ.rEr4.L{rS : sluEup^/arnlpral r -
lgt'' 6 16I
'*ltgl 'L96I 'I2 ]a aa4acil :
addl ';3 (.CgZt addl ,{lsnomard; ra,ru aLI} q q}eq e sa>le} aLI uqef :asauepr.s lr0OZ drueq5-p :rreue
aIrLI^A rea srq ur LISrJ e
Surqrlec ,{q uorl e sassardtur ,{a1uop y (6) 'Jf, :uersrunJ ,uecddgg 1Ec6I s-ra-rrojl
'(srolre ueurnq qtl^r) I90I ad,(f 'll .(_lgzt addl .{lsnor,tard; sarl aqou:uErrxatrt:gZSZ(Aeil g€ "-IjI I I
-IIqu sFI +noqe slspoq,ialuop aqt tpLIt raUV
.4 sllq pue
]rqqer e uo uerrryV :9961 ueutl?neg :ue.rlraurt-r
SIIEJ arl araLIM qsnq e olur Lrr4.o-lt{} sr ,ialuop at11 '3t4q+ arups aLI] op -qJuard !U6I epa>il -p :asauede[ : -sc
o1 daluop e sa8tralleqr pue aar+ e druuqglg :JInD uersrad,rbeq trenqs
1o do1 aLIt umop slpd uorl y (7)
'911 addl 'JJ 'Ielurue ra8uorls ar{l roJ LurLI sa)pl uo11 aLI] /€96I prprlraqg :qsD{rnl
^elprog / :.tf
/uoJJa aLIl LLrorJ saleurrn ,(a>1uop aLIl uaLIM .(Jooq sq qll,n punor8 :uerqros :9161 se?ayl:äaar3 :_gf;I -
t
aLIl LuorJ Jalem jeaq ol sJalJo) poom ro arard e Jo lno Jale^r ssard o1 g 16I ru$e ßSl asa4f, :uele1l
+ZT
-o\
pa8ualpqr sr pue sarlrlrqe srLI +noqe uorl e o] s8erq daltrop y (1) -rua1g 1(3uruo)r{+ro}) so8rprr; :asani
rarp^aqJ /EuareureJ :qmed5 :0m a
:sLUloJ lualJJJlp aalrl.l ur
^uarLl) :rpuarC !9961 uewl?neg :qsU8rrg :
slsrxa alu] sILIJ ('.CgZI pue *JgZI sad,r1 snor,ra.rd aql Burpnlcul) .1-daldrul uras
'(uor1 samataag ssydlsnor,rard; uot7 pua fia4uoq uaail.+aq;saluo)
*BgZI Jraqrs 181 (eeoD st (0f-id
lw{ 18sr
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( *ytZt addl dlsnor.randr
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salef IEurrLrv n8z lJi r8z f,cc
98 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 :r4 284 .\:

Klipple 1992; Namibian: Schmidt 1980, No. 51; South African: Schmidt 1,989II, llgA* Sheep Licks Her Nezo-Bon
No. 515, Klipple 1992. "This is not fair. If I n'ere :
1I1909.51. Cf. Type 1837-
126A* The FrightenedWoktes. A he-goat, a cat and a ram run away from
their owners. When they meet some wolves and a bear, they take Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrt' 19r':
refuge in a tree. While they are in the tree, the wolves threaten to eat L iterature/Variants: Pauli / Boite 1 9:-

them. The he-goat falls in fright on a wolf and injures him with his ,rubmüller 1982 No. 596, cf. Nos. :
horns. The wolves run away. Cf. Type 130,7754. ':ench: Cifarelli 1993, No. 441; Sp;.:

Combination s: 126, 130 B. 130 The Animals inNigltt QuL,

Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 1979, 1.60f. dog, cat and rooster are r..
Finnish:Rausmaa1982ff. V No. 119; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö too o1d to work. Thev mr,
1999ff.l; Wotian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen1974; Bulgarian: cf. Haralarnpieff/Frolec forest [N776]. Thieves ci'
1971, No. 2; Russian, Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; Ossetian:Dirr 1920, No. 44, four animals climb on or.e
Christensen 1921, No. 1.2; Ablhaz:Ditt 1920, No. 42; Cheremis/Mari, Chuvash,
1.4]. The thieves (robber.
Votyak: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; lJzbek: Reichl 1978, 16ff.; Georgian:
money there. When the ::.
Kurdovanidze 2000; Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Spanish-American: Robe 1973.
various parts o{ the hor-r..
726C* See Type 122M". powers [K1161]. The ii'i.:
happily ever after. Cf. T', :
127 A* The Wolf Iniluces the Goat to Come doron from a Cliff and Deoours
Combinations: This type is usuall.' :
ff. In some variants the goat refuses to come [K815, K2061.4]. Cf. :i pes, esp. 41, 103, 125, 126A*, 21,.
Type242. Literature/Variants: Aarne 1913: E-
:-aum 1964, 190; Schwarzbaum 1Yr'
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,451No. 157).
-:,7; cf. Dicke/Grubmüller 1987, \i
Literature/Variants : Pedersen / Ho Ib ek 19 61 f . II, No. 17 2; Schw ar zb aum 19 64, >clrerf 1995 I,721,-125; Tomkorvia^ l
1 89f .; Schwar zb aum 197 9, 306-308; Dicke / Grubmüller 1 982 No. 386; Adrados -l; Schmidt 7999;EM]. Tiere auf \",-
t999ff.I[, Nos. H. 162,M.219. - innish: Rausmaa 1982ff.Y,211ii a
English: Emerson 1894, 51; French: Delarue / Tendze 1964ff .III, Cifarelli 1993, No. ll(5); Livonian: Loorits 1926; Lit':,'-.
-
303; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier l995fl.I, Goldberg 1998, No. K2061.4;Portu- i925; Wepsiary Wotian, Karelian: ü.
guese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et aL.1963f.I, No.53, Cardigos (forthcoming); :ran 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1Y:
Dutch: Schippers 1995, No.206; German: Tomkowiak 1993,Z23;Italian: Cirese/ English: Baughman 1966; French: -
Serafini 1975;Hungarian: MNK I, Dömötör 2001,292; Slovene: Kosi 1894, 85f.; :ena/Chevalier 1,9951f . I, Gonzä..-
Indian: cf. Bodker 1957a, Nos. 444,921. t995ff . I; Catalan: Oriol / Pujol 20t-r 3
iinninghe 1943, Kooi 2003, No. 1 =
7278* The Goat Eats in the Garden and is Caughf. The fox says, "If your \leyer/Sinninghe 1,9731., Lor 1!'
sense were as long as your beard, you would have looked for an exit Brunner/Wachinger 1986ff. XL \
as well as an entrance".lJ2136.3l. KHM/Uther 1996 l, No. 27, Hr,r::
Decurtins 1\96ft. II, No. 51; Ita1i.'.
Combinations: 31. 1982f.; Corsican: Massignon 1961 l
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 1964, 1,90. '-rarikovä 1,981a, 208; Slovene: Kr,:
Spanislg Portuguese: Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff . I; Greek: Megas 1978. Bo§koviö-Stulli 1959, No. 2; N{ac.
Schullerus 1928; Bulgarian: BFP; G:.
129 Tzoo Sheep Kill aFoxwho licked up theblood they spilled in a fight I; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 10; Ru-<s:.
130, 130***; jer,vish: Jason 1965, 19:'
[1624.1,].
.\lptekin 1994, Nos. III 58, V 90; t
Remarks: Documented in the Arabian version of Kalila and Dimna. Paunonen 7974;Tadzhlk: STF, No.
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff. U,87No.D;DickelGrubmtiller 1982 No. 194.
Kurdovanidze 2000; Iranian: Mar
Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. 1624.1; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. 1624.1. Thompson/Roberts 1960, Jason 1e:

I
preqraqg't'oN'l€6I preqraqE:asaLrrLIJ 16661 uose{,096I spaqo1i/uosdtuor,l- 'I.VZ7I.oN ,€66I pree8na-1
'FE 'oN te196l ta7'pog :LrprpLrl 1tr961 qdloz.re1r'{ :Lr€tuerl 10002 azpru€^oprn\ '16I'oN 2g6I rall.nurqruD/aT{C :A
:uer8roaS 1t9€ 'oN 'p '66€'rlI'g1L 'tl 'fZ 'soN ,CIS :Ilqzp€J ttl6l uauounpJ 'ouwto puü oltlüx Io lua
:uerur^protrAl 'uEIAi/srluaralll 106 ,gg
/rt9ua>lsra)
/€96I
III .soN ,166I uqaldli
'II 'oN 1e3g6I ,996I
^ uose{:qsuta{ 1***0gI ,0:.
^eterog/preqraqg:r{srIrnl
'soN'SnS :upururErTn ISIIS :uErssnroladg'r.rerssn5 10I .oN ,996I opaN :uprqros e ur
l{39 palpds darp pooyq arg d
']296I r)s^\ouezf,ztS:qsrloJ :gl6I spBaIAI :)aarD ldJg:treue8ing 1gZ6I snrallnqr.
:uerueLunu 19I 'oN /Z16I ra)qlsa :ueruoparEl\l 1Z .oN ,696I rlln]S-9r^oTsrr. '9761 se8a6 :)aar3:I
n§65t
:uerleor] :'llttt 'tt,t reLIIog '6L 'tg6l lorn) :auoÄotS 1g0Z /EIg6I E^o)rrL.: "
-seD :uerTp^ols 1I )N11l :uerre8ung 109 'oN ,9961 uotr8rssel4l :uurrsro3 1.176r:
o11ede5:uerurprEs 1gl6l rurJEras/asarr]:uprlpll 1Ig.oN ,Il-Jl96gI sulunraa
:ur?rurpe'l 11967 .ra8rag /0002
.^,\ossa1,1l-LllrrqnH 'lZ 'oN ,l .
966I raqln/hlH>,
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:upruraD 17961 sor8a1 :uoolleM 1I 'oN 'p666I xo-l ,.1€.161 aq8uruurgTra_ir1 , rno^ JL, 'sÄes xo1 ay1.7q&no7 n
'9961 ra,{a1,,q :LISruralC 1Eüg6I roo1 :uErsrrC 1r0I .oN ,€002 Ioo» ,gp61 aq8uruu.:
:LIrlnC 1(8urtuotq1ro1) so8rpre3 :asan8nlro6 :9967 1ofn4 71orro :uelple3 1l .1J96,, .
rarlp^aq3/eua;rEure3 :anbseg !966I zues zalezuo) ,I .11966l rarle^ar{J/ulrr_
:'lgg'16gl rso» :aua^ols jZ6Z ,ItE t
-eure3 :qsruedg !ilI'JJ796I azauaJ/anrplaq :LIluarJ 19961 uuuq8neg :qstlSu: ,e«t
l€96I uasuerlstrLll/urpqqeallll-ls O :LISrrI 1üg6I aupoH :uer8a,uro51 l196I uu.... / asarr] :uErIelI ltZZ Tel.srsTuro
1(3unuo)qtro;) so8rpre3,€_c .o-\
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-nuo d !t' .oN,866I Br"qpto:
lgOZ»
pelsBr,r§ :qsrddel aldlaqra; :upruenllll-l 1926I sluoo.I :ueruo,u1 1(g)y-
f 'illAil 'oN'e66I IIIarpJIl'm -ttw6[ az:{,ral
'ZE'soN 'l'llL6I UELUTf,EH :r-lsrpa^,\S-LISruqt!.yJLLZ,L.lJZg6I r?pursnp5 :qsruLr.i
'('dard ur) Upl[)srapue6 ]ne ararl :]\g 1666I ]prurrlrs :-_
soperpv 19gt .oN !961 ralptuqru3
-69'166l le 1a ra)plaq :ltnt'9661" LIdlozrEIN/Tpr,\\o{LuoJ I;ZI-LZI,I 966I Jraqr. 'tr961wneqzrp.&t{rs jZlI .o\ ,11 -lIg
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/
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'6 16l lJJne qz !
te-Mqrs 1gl 6 I uueruu e ) jgt gg 6L ]U-rrte qz rE :
1i§I
o 6L, t g 6l LLt11. :
-zrp^rLI)S !lE-I€'eIt6I ullor) !69Z-l€Z,t ag lgtOf aurpv^\qrs :sluprrE^/arnlBrätrl
'IZ0Z pue '0lZ'.v9ZL ,9U.,۟,17 .dsa ,saci ..
raqlo arou Jo auo Jo saposrda qlr-rt paurqluo) Ä11ensn sr addl srql :suorleurqruol 13'[y'I9OZ),9I9»] aruor ot sasm.r
stnoaa1puv lrtn, uo,{uaop mu
'616 addl 'JJ 'raue ra.ra dpddeq
a^rl pue -{e.l'e sa.Lartll aql a^lrp sleurrue rno} ar{I .ItStt»] s.ra.rtod
JrlsrralJpJell) rralll l-lllm ruaql >llelle pu€ asnoll aL[] yo slred snorJel
'9:16I aqou :uecuaruy-qmred5
ul apq sleurrup arll TrEq auror ol irl sa,rarql aq] uaLIM .araq1 .(auou :6
aql 8ur^ual'de.ue un; pue paualq8rr; are (s;raqqor) sa^arl{} aLII .[f.I :uer8roa3 :.llgt ,gtOt tTrra5 r{aqz
'gEg;l aruo 1e 1p dn pue s>l)eq s,raqlouu auo uo qurrlr sleurrup rno, qse^nql,rre141/sruaraqf, 1zF .§-\ .
aq1 dauou rralll apr^rp o1 ur8aq pue auror sa^an{I .[9ZZN] lsaroJ ?7'oN '0Z6I ttt1:ueqasso, jSlS il4
ralorg/gardruelereH .p rrerre8pg
aLI] ur asnoLl dlauol e purJ pue [967g) f,e^,\e unr.{aq1 .>lro,\r. o} plo oo] a,
at^laqra» :uerupnrf+rf :9961 reddry :u
are daql asneraq sraumo Jraql iq palear+-Ilr aru ralsoor pue ier ,8op -lrrq
'daluoq ('suenrsn141 u.rtoJ uaLlrarg)sn;,runfi +LßtNul slutuluv aql gEI
l'11966l rarlp^aq] / euarulue] :qsruedg 1Itrt .oN /€66I Iliarelr:) :Llruaj i '?9lI'0€t adil
'f6I'H-']ou'oN'III'lJ666I soperpv'Jr 1€09 ,ZBI .soN .p,969.oN ,186I .
rallnLuqru- sH rplvt. rurq sarnfur pue
Jlorsr e rro
/ a{rIC :B0I'6161urnpqzrp^,\r.1)S ilgg .oN ,I\Z6L allog ltlnEd :sluprre^/arnlEralrl
lea olualeaJrD sa^IoM arl+,aa4 a(p r
'(OOt 'oN
lgh'996l,{rra4) a1qe1 rrdosay :s>1rptuay a1e1 daql 'Naqe pue sa^Io^i auros
ruo,r; deaae uru urer e pue 1er e
'./ss1 adil ll'[9'606II] Jeoi
.rIpJ
,,'1r Sur1ea se.r.r 1 .,(es plnom .{aql ieql op ol aram I lI lou sr srq1-,
's.{es aq srq} saLlr}e^r JIoM e LTaLIM .qwa7 wog-maN fiH $lrry daaqg
*V6zI 'II 686I lp|ruqrs :uerl'r}V {+nos llg -o,
66 salEJ IEurruv t8z ll: ,BZ lcc
-
 i!0 _ Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 .FC284

1941, Nos. 2, 7; Korea,: cf. Choi 1979, No. 144;

Japanese: Ikeda 1971, Inadal 130D* Animals Warm Themselt
ozawa 1977ff.; us-American: Baughmar-r 1966; spinish-American: Robe 1973;
African American: Dorson i 956, No. 152; Mexicän: Robe 1973; Dominican: cf treated badly. To start a :
Flowers 1953; Puerto Rican: Hansen 1957; south American Indian: Hissirrk/Hahn
.
birch bark around his he
1961, No. 141; Mavan: Pefralosa L992; Cape verdia,: parsons r923b r,1g7 ram. The bark begins to ':
No. 1;
they are attacked bv rrcl
lqyptiur-r, Tunisian, Algerian, Moroccan: EI-shamr. 200,1; Ghanaian: schott 1993
illIII,200ft.; Sourh African: Coetzee et al. 1967, Kiipple 1992.
Literature/Variants:
1304 Animals Build Themseloes a House. Domestic animals (ox, rooster, -atvian: Aräjs /Medne 1977; \\'.-:.
ram, pig) escape from their o\,vner and r,r,,ant to build a house. 3r-elorussian, Ukrainian: SUS.
In some variants only one of them builds a house for the r,r,inter
and the others think they do .ot,eed one. The animal with the 131 The Tiger as False Friert
friends and both bear of:,
house nevertheless must gi'e them sherter. Cf. Types 43, g0, and g1.
from the cow, decides l
Literature/variants: EM 6 (1990) 604-607 (p.-L. Rausmaa); scherf 1995 I, 333-336. devours her. The calf r-le
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff .Y, Nos. 120-122; Estonian: Kippar 19g6, No. 130A, cf. mother and accompani. -
No. 130E;
!-tylltara;s/Medne 1977;Lithuanian, Kerüelvtö tgggft.I; Lappish: iterature/Variants: Schwarzb aur'
Qvigstad 1927ff.r11, No. 11; Buigarian: Nicoroff 1979, No. L; Russian: bus, Nor. L
130*, 130**; Cambodian: Gaudes 1987, No. r;Braz.than.Alcoforado/A1bän
2001,
\longolian: Lörincz 1979, Nos. 11.
-ason
No. 10; Moroccan, Eritrean: El-Shamv 2004. 1989; Burmese: Kaseviöi Osr:
\o. 29; Filipino: Wrigglesworth 1tr:
1308 Fleeing Animals Threatened with Death (previously Animals in
Flight alter Threatened Death). Domestic animals (goat, ram, cat, 732 The Goat Admires His H
donkey, dog, rooster) flee from their home. In the night a pack of he does not have to iY.::
wolves wants to eat them, but they defend themselveJsucceisfullv. asks what he was sar ir':
Cf. Tvpes 130. have drunk too much r.

Combinations: 126A*. Remarks: Aesopic fable (Pern- i'r

Literature/Variants: Literature/Variants: Pedersen Hr- :-

Finr-rish: Rausmaa 7982ff . V, Nos. 723,

l2l; Estonian: Kippar 19g6; Livonian:
"
Schwarzbaum 1979,307 not.3, i, :
Loorits 7926; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian:'Kerbelyte 1999f1. r; \o. 64; Adrados 1.999ff . III, Nt l. I
Lapprsh:.Qvigstad 1927f|.II, No. Z III, No. 12; Wepsian: Kecskemdti/paunonen ':rep.).
1974; serb_ian: cf. Öajkanovid 1929, No. 10; Bulgarian: Nicoloff 1979, Finnish: Rausmaa 19821f . V, \r. .
No. 6; Greek:
Megas 1978; ]ewish: Jason 1965; ukrainian: versinin 7962,252ff .; Aot<haz: \ledne 1977; Swedish: Liungm,r:'
satrvt
1975, No. 13; Turkmen: Stebleva 1969, No. 10. 1993, No. 327; Spanish: Camaren:
Soromenho 7984f.I, No. 75, Car.l=-
130C Animals in Company of a Man. Donkey, goat, dog and cat look for
-183;Walloon: Legros 1.962; Gern.e.:'
a new home. They find an old n oman (mln) and promise to
ian: MNK I, No. 132, cf. No. 79--; r
work cf. MNK X 1, No. 79**; Mexicar',: :
for her.
l116**A.
In some variants they cheat the ord person, and in other variants
they help her.
133* The Goat Carries the Srt,i
a snake (scorpiory croct-.i
Literature/Variants:
the snake kil1s the goa: i
Finnish: Rausmaa 79\2ff . ! Nos. 125-727; Latvian: Aräjs/Medn e 1977;Lithu-
anian: Kerbel y tö 7999{t. I; Lappish: e'i gstad 1927 tt. r, No. 4; Livonian: Kecskem6ti In some variants the .
Paunonen 1974; Greek: Megas 1978; üordvinian: Kecskem6ti/paunon
/ 279*.
en r974;
French-Canadian: Barbeau/Lanctot 1931, No. 150.
Remarks: Documented e.g. in Tr,rr..
the Indian Paäcatantra and by Oc'1r

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;
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 1,02 Hans_Jörg uther :.4 284 An

Literature/variants: Liebrecht L879,123; Chauvin 1g92ft. II, 117 No. 95; Basset - --'.mv 2004; Brazilian: Alcoforado
1924ff .lrr, 327 No. 192 rubach 1969, No. L326; schwarzbaum 1979, gf . not. 15. . 51, El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan, :
?gggr!, Goldberg 1998, No. K952.1; Portuguese: Cardigos (forthcoming), No.
275"F;Hungarian: MNK I; Rumanian: Schu1lerus 1.928;DÄgestan: Chalilov 1965 ,l: The FilthY Hog and the Cl
No. 5; Abkhaz:BgaLbal959,109f .; Tadzhik STF, No. 43;Syrian: El-Shamy 2004; is so filthY. The hog savs t
Indian: cf. Bodker 19574 No. 1140; NorthAmerican Indian:-MacDonald 19bz No. you, lvhereas in mY case :
K952.1: Algeriary Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004.
Lemarks: AesoPic fable of Babrio.
The Mouse Makes a Boat of a Brcad-Crusf. She takes other animals it erature/Variants: Schwatzbaun'
-
and birds into the boat and it capsizes. The animals quarrel [8295.7]. ,::r'ian: Aräjs / Medne 1.977 ;Ltthu .'--
::rman: Berger 2001; Hungarian: I
Literature/Variants: I,:manian: Schullerus 1928, No. l::
Lappish: Qvigstad 1925, Bartens 2003, No. 7;Syrlanian: Kecskem6ti/paunonen
1.974; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al. 1963f.I, No. g0, Cardigos
(forthcoming); Egyptian, Tunisian, Algerian: El-Shamy 2004.
WILD ANIMALS
135A* The Fox stumbles ooer a violin. when he is chased by dogs, a fox
stumbles over a violin and says, ',What a fine opportunity to dance 150 The Thtee Teachings o.f ti
if I had the time!" 1J864.11. return for his freedon'L
advice: first, "never tr'- :

Literature/Variants: "Do not regret a thin:

spanish: Camarena/Chevalier l99str.r,Rio Cabrera/p6rez Bautista199g,No. 41; believe what is be1'on.1 :-
Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Soromenho / Soromenh o l9g4f.I, No. 95, man regrets having fre -.
(forthcoming); Abkhaz: BgaLbal9S9,88; Argentine: Hansen 1952 No. learned nothing from ::-
!11digo_s-
*135A,
Chertudi 1.960f.I1, No. 19. In some (Parodistir
advice to a ferrYman. -\. :

The Wolf Surpfises the Pig in an Apple Tree, A wolf sees a pig in an aphorisms. When ther. :.
apple tree. He promises not to eat the pig if the pig will throw him advice, tells the ferrr m::
one his hams. The pig throws down a pieie of thärny wood instead, everyone so cheaPlr'.
which cuts the wolf's throat [K1043]. Cf.'Iype74C;.
Combinations: 154.
Literature/Variants: Remarks: AesoPic fabie (Babri'-:.
French: Delarue/TenEze 1964ff.III; Catalan: oriol/pujol 2003; walloon: Legros : .i r l sam and l os nPltat.
1.962;Palestinian, Persian Gulf, Qatar, Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Bodker Literature/Variants: Paris 19[']3i -
1957a No. 162; NorthAmerican Indian: JAFI 15 O9O2) 63ff.;Egyptian, Algeriarl '.
919, 51-7 5 ; Basset l924ff . 11, 1: "
Moroccan, Tanzanian: El-Shamy 2004. 1930-33) 95; Pedersen/Holl'e. -

Trrbach 1969, No. 322, cf. No. ll::

136A* Confession of Animals, A cat says she will confess her sins. other ,5; Schwarzbaum 1980,274; Drc...
animals (hare wolf, fox) want to do the same and accompany her. At ,990; Marzolphl992ll, No. 369: El
a ditch the cat says, "He who can cross it safely shall be withäut sin,,. Leeuwen 2004, No. 414.
\'..rn
[M114]. only the cat crosses the ditch; the otirer animals fal in and Finnish: Rausmaa 1,982fI. V, Ntr.
the cat laughs at them. \o. 33; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Li:i-.':
i959, No. 193; Irish: Ö Stiilleab]'."::
Combinations: 20A. 1,719t.; French: Delarue /Tenöze ':
Literature/Variants: 1;'
Soanish: Camarena/ Chevalier
Blsqre, Camarena/Chevalier' r'
!9!o-{an: rcppar 1986; Latvian: Amb ainis1979, Nos. 1e 15; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte .121.L3,
I'21.14, K604, cf. Oriol / Pu'.
1999f1-r; Tuva: Taube 197_8, No. l4;syrian, palestinian,
Jordanian: El-shamy 20b4; Flemish: MeYer 19t':
Iraqi: Fadel 1979, No. 1, El-Shamy 2004; persian Gulf, Oman, Kuwaiti, Kooi 1984a;
eatar: El_ Serafini 1975; Hungarian: MNK I
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704 Hans-|örg Uther FFC284 ::C 284

322; Albanian: Camaj/Schier-Oberdorffer 1974, No. 57; Greek: Megas 1978; 151* The Lion in Loz.te. A lior'.
Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 55; ]ewish: ]ason 1965, farmer, who tells him he :
L975,1988a; Gypsy: cf. Mode 1,983ft.Ill, No. 162; Kurdish: DLalllaet al. 1989, No. allows them to be cut, l'-r
152; Dagestan: Chalilov 1965, No. 76; Turkmen: Stebleva 1969, No. l7;Tadzhlk: abuse [1642.1].
STF, No. l22;Syrian, Palestiniar; jordanian, Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Bsdker
1957a, No. 720, cf. No. 721, Thompson/Roberts 1960, Jason 1989; Sri Lankan:
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr' 19r:
Schleberger 1985, No.45; Indonesian: Vries L9251.L 409 No.231; Malaysian:
L iterature/Variants: Schwarzb a'-rr:-
Hambruch 1922, No. 58; Spanish-American, Mexican: Robe 1973; Moroccan:
Nowak 1969, No.38, El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004.
-n-rbmüller 1987, No. 378.
::ench: Cifarelli 1993, No. 309; Srr L

L50A* The Erog's Counsels, (Including the previous Type 278C* .) A farmer
752 The Plozttman and tlte \
agrees to take in a frog for the wintel, and in return it gives him three Bear). (lncluding the P:.
trite counsels [K604]. animals that disturb hir:--
The frog is beaten and therefore becomes hunchbacked [A2356. red-hot iron [K1013.3] -

2.11. (Previously Type 278C*.)

pricks a gadflY with a l' :
The animals then rr a::
Literature/Variants: Dähahardt 1907ff . lll, 49, 493f .; Kippar L97Zf .
his behavior accordingl'
Finnish: Rausmaa 1.982ff. V No. 130; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Arajsl
Medne 1,977,No.278C*; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff.1, No. 150; Spanish: Gold- her sides". The cror'v s;.i -
berg1998, No. K604. "He is sticking a stalk ,--'
iously Type 1528..)
151 A Man Teaches a Wilil Animal to Play the Fiddle (previously The
Literature/Variants: Anderson lY: :
Maru Teaches Bearc to Play the Fiddle). A wild animal (bear, wolf)
Finnish: Rausmaa 1,982tf. V, No '
sees a man playing the fiddle in the fores! or a man is locked up
\Iedne 1977 ; Lithuanian: Kerbei.. ..
with a dangerous animal (lioru tiger. wolf). He plays onhis fiddle for P.runonen 1974; Swedish: Djurklr -:
the animal, who asks to learn how to play the instrument. The man Spanish: Camarena/ Chevalier 1 t;
says he must cut his claws and catches the animal's paws in a cleft 1989 III, No. 322; Bulgarian: BFP \
tree [K1111.0.1]. Similarly the man tricks other animals. After the Krzy2anowski 1962f . I; Sorbian: : -

animals get free, they try in vain to take revenge. Cf. Types 38,768, Cheremis / Mari: Kecskem6ti / Par'r:-
and 1159. nen\974, No. 1528*; South Ame::.

Combinationsl. 326, 1,9L0. 152A* The Wife Scalds the I\ t:

Literature/Variants: BPl,68l.; Schwarzbaum 1964,190; Schwarzbaum 1968,90; scalds a wolf with boih:-
EM 3 (1981) 1261-127L (H. Breitkreuz). by the wo1f. He escape>
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tr.y, No. 132; Firmish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I,Nos.61, flees.
L28a(1),II, No. 285(1); Estonian: Kippar 1986; Livonian: Loorits 1926;Latvian:
Aräjs/Medne |977;Lithuaruem: Kerbelytö 1999ff.I;Karelian: Wunderblume 1958,
Combinations: 121.
94ff.;Irish: O Srlilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/TenEzel964ff.III, Literature/Variants:
Cifarelli 1993, No. 246;Portuguese: Soromenho/Soromenho 1984f.I, No. 58, Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e 1977 ; Litl^. -.
Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Meder/Bakker 200-L, No. 479; Flemish: Meyer Tenöze 1964ff. III, No. 121; SPar.u,
1968; German: Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 8, Hubrich-Messow 2000; Italian:
Oriol/ Pujol 2003; Portuguese: CLr.
cf. Keller 1,963,215ff .; Hungarian: MNK I; Slovakian: GaSparfkovä 1.981.a,209;
sian: Kooi 1984a; Walloon: Legr.r,
Slovene: Slovenski gospodar 16 (1882) 14f.; Macedonian: cf. öepenkov/penu§liski
Grannas 1957, No. 24; SYriary Jorci:
1989 I, No. 19; Greek: Megas 1978; Polish: KrzyZanowski 1962f.1; Russian, Byelo-
Shamy 1980, No. 48, El-Shamr' l
russian, Ukrainian: SUS; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960;
Nowak 1969, No. 48, El-Shamr'2t
Cambodian: Gaudes 1982 No.4.
1528* See Type 152.
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706 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC284
=c284

153 The Gelding of the Bear and the Fetching of Salzte. A man tells a bear ...1ue: Camarena / Chevaiier 199: :
that the horse is strong because it is gelded. The bear has the man - :omenho/Soromenho 1984f' I, \r
geld him to make him strong [K1012.1]. r'ri, No. 56; Walloon: LaPort 1931
The next day the bear wants to geld the man. The man substi- .:ger 2001, 49f.; Ladinian: ci. De ;'
. .... 54*, 154, Dömötör 2001, 25, I :
tutes his wife [K241] to pretend they have been already castrated.
. Brinar 19tll
-... 481, 547; Slovene:
The bear is shocked by the "wound" of the woman and goes for
r :P Albanian: Camaj / Schier-Ol'e:'-
;
salve. A fox guards the womary but she drives him away with her Lish: Krzy2anowski 1962f. I; Rr-t"
r, -'erhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 5, :"
farts. Cf. Type 1133.
-:Sa; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Ossetian -
Remarks: Documented in the Indian Kathasaritsagara. : inian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen i'
Literature/Variants: Wehse 1979,148f. No. 409; Dicke/Grubmnller 1987, No. 41; '. 1-.r'rgolian: Lörincz 1979; Georgi a:-
EM: Starkmachen (forthcoming). -t, S, No. 24;Laotian: Lindell et al
Finnish: Rausmaa 19821f. V Nos. 134-136; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.1, ..eda 1971; SPanish-American. \1e '
Nos.35,36; Estonian: Kippar 1986, No. 1.53, cf. No. 1628; Livonian: Loorits-1926; ': :nsen 1957 ; Brazllian: Cascu'1t' -
-"'
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne'1.977; Lappish: Qvigstad l927ff. II, No. 11; Wepsian: -.:qentine, Chilean: Hansen 1957;
Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Sw edish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1 984; . -Shamy 2004, Nos' 154, 154A§; \1'
Danish: Kristensen l892ff.I, 441; French: Delarue/Tendze l964If.III; Spanish: :,.ipple 1992; Ghanaian: Schott -:
Camarena/Chevalier 1995f1. I; German: Hubrich-Messow 2000; Hungarian: K
--11B, Klipple 1992; Sudanese:
MNK I; Czech: Satke 1959 No. 35; Bulgarian: cf. BFP, No. 152C**; Polish: Hoifmann - rlalian: KliPPle 1992.
l973;Ukrraintan: Hoffmann 1973,SIJS; Gypsy: MNKX 1; Puerto Rican: cf. Hansen
1957, No. **169.
155 Thellngrateful Snake Rt
(wolf, bear, tiger) irt'"'
154 The Fox andHis Memberc (previously "Bear-food,,). (Including the rescuer [W154.2.1]. Otr'--
previous Type 1608..) A man in anger calls his horse "bear-food,,. A be rePaYed with a bad c':
bear comes and threatens to eat the horse [C25]. A fox agrees to help
how it was traPPed. Tr'''
the man against the bear in return for geese. The fox goes into the
Types 33L,926A.
forest and imitates the barking of dogs. The bear is intimidated and
ln some variants .'. .-
killed. The man pretends to go for the geese but instead brings dogs
snake bites the marr a" -i
back in his bag [K235]. The dogs chase the fox to his hole. Here the
fox asks his feet, eyes, ears, and tail how they helped him in his Combinations: esP. 154, 331.
flight. His tail admits that it did not help. As a punishment the fox Remarks: Documented in the 1l:;-
sticks out his tail and is attacked by dogs ll2311.ll. ..rlis (No. 5). Parts are Aesopic ll.:
In some variants a hare asks his members about their help in his Literature/Variants: Krohn 1891 . r
i
flight 1U242.11. (Previously Rpe 1608*.) \ 1,797f . No. 370, VIII, 120 No. 1Ü=
1921ff.Lil,556 No. 340; Pau1l E-
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other Holbek 796Ll.il, Nos.43, 117; Sch.
1., 5, 6,20,20A, 34, 1,55, 223, and 1030.
types, esp. 1254, 4256, 4262; SPtes 1973b,1:--
Remarks: Early version in Petrus Alfonsus, Disciplina clericalis (No. 23). Also not.15; Schwarzbaum 1980,2;: '
documented ca. t200 inthe Roman de Renart (1X,1-2212). Often manifested in 1987, No. 51.2, cf . No.431; Goidl'.:
single episodes, esp. the last one. aI. 1997, 266-272; Adrados 19Y-
Literature/Variants: Krohn 1891,1Lf .; BP I, 518 not. 1; Pedersen/Holbek 1961f. II, Varzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004, \.
No. 190; Schwarzbaum 1968,360; Schwarzbaum 1979, 45 nol. j.4,456, 551; EM 5 Finnish: Rausmaa l982tt. V No. .
(1987) 489494 (I. Tomkowiak); Schmidt 1999. No. 37; Estonian: KiPPar 1986; L:
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.V, Nos. 131, 137-139;Fimish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. 7977; Lith:uanian: KerbelYtÖ 1:"
I No.361 Estonian: Kippar 1986; Livonian: Loorits 1926;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Su c.:
1977;Lithranian: Kerbelytelgggft.I; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925, Bartens2003, No. Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Iclandic: E
1 ; Wepsian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Sw edish: Liungman 1 96 1 Norwe gian:
; Christiansen 1963; French: Delanr'
Hodne 1984; French: Delarue/Tendze1,964lf.III, Cifarelli 1993, No.342; Spanish, No. 249; Spanish: Camarena/ Ch.
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108 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 :.C 284

WL54.2.1; Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.I; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, Nos. \r0S. M. 227, not-IH. 199; Schmidt 1Y

11172.3,W154.2.1, Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al. :-nnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V Nos. 1l
1963f.I, Nos. 65-62 Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Schippers 1995, Nos. 79,239; 'ro. 38; Estonian: Kippar 1986, Nos. 1
'
Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Kooi/Schuster 1993, No.208; Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: 16, 156A* ;Lithuanian: Kerbelvte 1;
Moser-Rath 1964 No. 126, Tomkowiak1993,228,cf.226,KooilSchrtster 1994, No. -rungman 1961; Norwegian: cf. Hoc
239, Hubrich-Messow 2000; Italian: Cirese/Seraf ini 1975; Sardinian: Rapallo .en 1963; French: Cifarelli 1993, \t
1982f.; Hungarian: MNK I; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 4254; Slovakian: -oldberg 1998, No. 8183; Basqtre
GaSparfkovä 1,99Lf.I, Nos.272,284,1I, Nos.481,547; Slovene: Matiöetov 1973, l..eugaard 1993, No. B3B1; Portu*r-r,
194f1.;Croatian: Bo5kovii-Stul].i1975b, No. 58; Macedonian: Eschker'1972,No.4; ::hippers 1995 No.20Z Meder/Baii.
Rumanian: Schullerus 1928;Btigarian: BFP, No. 155, cf. No. *155*; Greek: Megas . rmkowiak 1993, 223t., Hubrich-]"
1978; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; Russian, Byelorussian: SUS; Ukrainian: SUS, :erafini L97 5 ; Sar dinian: RaPallo 1 : :.
No. 155, cf. No. 155*; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav-1953, No.48; Jewish: Haboucha 215; Slovakian: Polivka 19ll:-
1992; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, No. 22; Cheremis/Mari, Chu-
".o.
: ovene: Kotnik 1924t.I, 85; Serbra:-.
vash, Tata1, Mordviniaru Votyak Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;Yakut:Ergis1967, ': \{acedonian: ToSev 1954,773i.
Nos. 18,68; Tadzhik: STF, No. 376;Mongolian: Lörincz 1979, No. 155, cf. No. iolish: Krzyzanowski 1962f. I; Ukr.:-
155§ Georgian: Kurdovanidze2000; Tüva: Taube 1978, No. 12;I:arian: Marzolph \o. 37; |ewish: |ason 1965, 1975, \.-
1984; Afgfan: Lebedev 1986,209ff.; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Indian: l'lordvinian: Kecskem6ti / Paunor.
Bodker 1957a, Nos. 11,50, 1'1,53,2255, cf . Nos. 303, 1151, Tauscher L959, No. 170, '- 7lf.;Tadzhlk: Amonov 1967, lt:c:'
Thompson/Roberts 1960, lason1989; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov 1976, Nos. 10, -hompson/Roberts 1960; Indian: :
91; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese:Ting1978; Korean: Choi1979, läcker 1988, No. 28; Cambodiar
No. 109; Cambodian: Sacher 1,979, 1,06ff ., -L27ff .;Indonesian: Vries 1925f. I, No. 5; rpanese: Lkeda1977; West Indiesr :
French-American: Ancelet 1994, No. 11; Spanish-American: Robe 1973; African 'ast African, Sudanese: KliPPle -:
American: Harris 1955, 31,5ft., Dorson 1956, No. 161; MexicarL Guatemalan, iirican: Coetzee et al. 1967 , Schr:-.. ,:
Nicaraguan, Costa Rican: Robe 1973; Dominican, Puerto Rican, Peruvian: Hansen
1957; Soüh American Indian: Hissink/Hahn1961., No. 345; Mayan: Peflalosa 155A The Faith of the Liott. -\'
1992;Brazllian: Cascudo 1,955b, L93; Argentine, Chilean: Hansen \957;West with adragon) and out .:
Indies: Flowers 1953; Egyptian: Nowak 1969, No. 246,E1-Shamy 1995 I, No. life, even to his grave lE:
11172.3.2; Moroccan: Nowak 1969, No. 43, El-Shamy 1995 I, No. 1LL72.3.2;West
Africary Guinean: Klipple 1992; Cameroon: Kosack 2001, 634; East African: Remarks: Medieval legend of He:-.:
Arewa 1966, No. 27518,Klipplet992; Sudanese: Nowak 1969, No.43; Somalian:
Literature/Variants: Cf . Pauii / Bo1:=
Klipple L992;CentralAfrican: cf. Lambrecht 1962 No. 275LC; Congolese: Klipple
1992; South African: Coetzee et al. 1967 , Schmidt 1989 Il, No. 590, Klipple 1992;
-975,354-367; Gerndt 1980; E\I :
_997,4345.
Malagasy: Haring 1982, Nos. 2.3.01,,4.155.
- innish: Rausmaa l982ft. V No. ,.
\ledne 1977;Spamsh: Goldberg 1:-
156 Anilrocles and the Lion (previowsly Thorn Remooed from Lion's -1, Schippers 1995, No. 208, Kor--
Paw [Androcles anil the Lion]). (Including the previous Type \leyer 1968; German: Grimm DS
-.

156A*.) A shepherd pulls a thorn out of a lion's paw. When the i tl9ff .; Slov;&ian: Gaöparikovä 1 99 i :
shepherd is thrown as a punishment into a pit of lions, the lion r000.
recognises him and licks his hand instead of tearing him to pieces.
The emperor releases both [8381]. 155* See Type 169*.
Or, abone is removed from an animal's (wolfl tiget, bear) throaf
and later the animal shows gratitude to the rescuer [8382]. (Pre- 156A* See Type 156.
viously Type 156A..) Cf.Type76.
1568* The Grateful Snake (pre'
Remarks: Documented by Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae (Y,14). cluding the previous Tr P
Literature/Variants: Barst1911; BP III, 1 not. 2; Brodeur l922;Pedersen/Holbek various tales dealing ri
1961f.II, No.74; Schwarzbaum 1964, 1901.; Tubach 1969, No. 21,5, cf.No.277L; snake (e.g. in a battle or t.
Schneider 1970;EM1. (L977) 501-508 (K. Ranke); Schwarzbaum 1979,53,56 not. (with gold or money). Cl
8; Dicke / Grubmüller 1 982 No. 387; Dekker e t a7. 1997, 43-45; Adrad os 1999ff . IlI,

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 110 Hans-]örg Uther FFC 284 .:C 28,1 -\r

Literature/Variants: \io. 1; Georgian: Levin 1978, No. 3:

Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. 738*, Loorits 1959, No. 140, Kippar 19g6, No. 1568*; :rramy 2004; Indian: Bodker 1957a, l
Latvian: Aräjs lMedne1977,Nos. 1568*,738*, Kerbelyte 2001rlrish: ö süilleabhäin/ ..ng 7978; North American Indiar.
Christiansen 1.963;Byelorussian: Dobrovol,skij i}mf^.I, No. g6; Turkish: cf. lorson 1956, No. T,Harris 1955, 111:
Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 56-58, 66,80, t32, ieS, V5,215; Jewish: lason1965, -t73; Puerto Rican: Hansen 1957; Sr.r:
No. 738*, lason1975, No. 738*, Noy 1976, Jason 1988a, No. 738*; Lebanese: cf. 362; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992: ts
Nowak 1969, No. 57; Palestiniary Persian Gulf: El-Shamy 2004; Chinese: Ting ".o.
197 8 ; J ap anese : Ikeda 197 1 ; Llby an, Algerian: El-Shamy 2004.
-hilean: Hansen 1957; West Indie.
-,lgeriary Moroccan: El-Shamy 2001 ,

rlipple 1,992,El-Shamy 2004; Soutl-. '

156C* The Boy and the Bear in Pit. Aboy falls into a pit on top of a bea1, 'io. 646.
and helps him to get out of the pit. The bear helpi the boland shows
him where to find money. Cf. Types 160,768. 7-r7 The Lion Searches for llnt
^ shun man 1122.1), asks o:
Literature/Variants: Eild11,2 (2004) 6OS-6t8 (L. Lieb). answer that they are onl-.
Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e 1977 ; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte lgg9ff . IV (forthcoming); a man and is scornful of r-,
Byelorussian: Barag 1966, No.95; Ukrainian: Lintur L972,No.29.
cage and leaves him to .:.
Or the man tricks the --
157 Animals Learn to Eear Men (previously Learning to Fear Men). A where he is trapped [K - ,
wolf (lion, bear) boasts about being stronger than a man. The fox
wants to convince him that men are dangerous. They see a boy, and Remarks: Documented in ancien: :
the fox explains that he wilt be a man later. When they meet än old Literature/Variants: BP lI,991., ct ',-.
man, the fox says this was a man but is no longer one. Then they see \o. 20; Pedersen/Holbek 1961i. il
an armed hunter. The wolf approaches, but the man shots and itabs - 57A; Schwarzbaum 7979, 460, :1-.
him with a sabre. Later the wolf tells the fox he could have defeated :\1 5 (1987) 576-584 (C. Lindal.-
the man if he did not spit fire and attack him with a sharp rlb 1177, \larzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004, \c -

1321.
:innish: Rausmaa 79821f. V No --
-amarena/Chevalier 1995ff. I, G,.-:
Combinations:38, 121, and 1574. i -)03; Portuguese: Soromenho i So:i,
Remllks: Aesopic fable (Perry r96s,4B4No. 340). Documented by Hans sachs -.rming); Dutch: Schippers 1995, \-
1,551, (Der leb mit dem monthier). -an: MNK I; Macedonian: VraZinor .,
Literature/Variants: BP II, 96-100, cf.Iy,341 No. 93; Dorson 1954; pedersen/ \os. 4, 5, Parpulova/ Dobreva 19Sl
Ieu,ish: Haboucha 1992; Tadzhik: :-
Holbek 19 6lf . lr, No. 1 66; schwarzbaum 19 68, 361; schwarzbaum r97 9, 9z not. Lg,
460f.;Dicke lGrubmüller 1987, Nos. 929,380, cf. No. 396; EM 5 (1987) 576_584 (C.. lranian: cf. Marzolph 1984, No. -,
Lindahl); Schmidt 1999. ^ hompson/Roberts 1960; BurmesL': -
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982f1. v Nos. 43, 1.46-148,153; Finnish-swedish: Hackman 1906,No. 11; African American: B.'..
1917f.I, No. 39, II, No.214; Estonian: Kippar 1986;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977; iudanese: El-Shamy 2004.
_!$"q"*,KSrbelytö 1999tr.I;Livoruan, Läppish, Wepsian: Kecske-6ti/pur.or,"r,
7a7B The Sparuora and His Stt
1.974;swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegiän: Hodne 19g4; Irish: ö sriilleabhain/
Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/TenEze 1964ff. III; spanish: Camarena/ meets them again and a.
Chevalier l995ff. I, Gonzilez Sanz L996, Goldberg 199ä, No. !17; Basque: where they 1ived, and the
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff .r; Catalan: oriol/pujor 20-03; Dutch: sinninghe 1943; a church and the old sp.r:
Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968,Lox1999a, No.3; German: Toäkowiak
1993,223, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996rr, No. 72, Hubrich-Messow 2000; Italian: Remarks: Documented in 1563 ir, '
Cirese/Serafini1975; Hungarian: MNK I, Dömötör 2001,2g7; Czech: Dvoiäk broich 1990 1, l6lff .), cf . Psalm E1,+-
1978, No.4865*; Slovene: Matiöetov 1973,203tr.;Bulgarian: BFp, No. *157*; Greek: Literature/Variants: BP III, 239-l-i
Megas 1978; Polish: cf.Krzy2anowski1962f. I; Särbian: Nedo 1956, No. 12; i1987) 576-584 (C. Lindahl); E1scl-re:
RylsiaoByelorussian, ukrainian: sUS; Turkish: cf. Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. German: Grimm KHM/Uther 199r
13; Jewish: ]ason 1965, 1975, Noy 1976,Jason1988a; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Chuvash: i2D§; US-American: MacDonald 19:
M6szäros 1 9 1 2, No. 4g Kecskemdti / paunonen 192 4; y äiti: ir g;s 19 67, No. 31, cf . 2004, No.72D§.
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112 Hans-]örg Uther FFC 284 : FC 284 An

157*** See Type 169*. 'iench: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff. Ill

,-atalan: Oriol/ Pujol 2003; Portus.
1..57C* Hiding from Men.The animals want to hide themselves from men. :,rromenho 1984f . I, No. 81, Cardisr'
The wild beasts hide in the foresf the birds in the ai1, the fish in the
water. Flowever, man catches them all with his gur; his noose and 1598 Enmity of Lion and LIart'
his fishing-rod. The man praises his r-irtu.
The lion forces the marl :'-
Literature/Variants: a year, the man and th;
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Sparush: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.1; Catalan: cf. wound is healed but it >:-
Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et aL. L963f.I, No. 39, Cf. Type 2854.
Soromenho / Soromenho 1984f . I, No. 73, Cardigos (forthcoming). In some variants t1-Le :-
lion overhears this and i.-
L58 The Wild Animals on the Sleigh. Other animals ask the fox for a ride
on his sleiglu which breaks. To repair it, the animals bring unsatis- Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1E9l::
factory material from the forest [8831]. When the fox goes for good )79, 135 not. 30; Armistead et a1 i :
material they eat the horse and build a dummy to replace it. ithuanian: KerbelytÖ 1999ff. I; SP.r:-
-198, No. W185.6; Serbian: Djordje'
Combinations: 1,2, and 1,655. ,992, No. 64; Croatian: Bo§kor.ii-S -
Literature/Variants: EM: Tiere auf dem Schlitten (in prep.). -977, Nos. 40, 48, Öepenkov/Per- -:
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V No. 150; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Arajsl .928, No. 159 IV*; Bulgarian: BFP: -.
Medne |977;Lithuanian; Kerbelytö1999ff.I; Wepsiary Wotiaru KareliarL Syrjan- - 978; Ukrainian: SUS; Jewish: Ha'r -- -

ian: Kecskem6ti /Paunonen 1974; German: Cammann 1,973, 300ff .; Slovakian: :ian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Iraqi: E--:
GaSparikovä 1,99LI. II, No. 572; Slovene: Matiöetov 1973, 95ff.; Rumanian: \iricarL Egyptian, Libyan, Algeri''.-"
Schullerus 1928; Macedonian: To5ev 1954,1.571f.; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; l1-Shamy 2004.
Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No.35;
Cheremis / Mari, Mordviniary Votyak Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 1,97 4; l) dmurt: 159C The Lion andthe Statuc.
Kralina 1961, No. 30; ]apanese: Ikeda 1971. humans over animals, :.
lion. The lion rePlies t1-La: .

159 Captured Wild Animals Ransom Themseloes. An old couple spread looked different U115ll
pitch on a straw calf. One after anothe4 a bear, a wolf, a fox, and a
hare touch the calf and stick to it. In return for not being slaughtered, Remarks: Aesopic fable (Pern' 19r
they promise to bring cows, horses, geese and cabbage. Thus the Literature/Variants: Kirchhof ' Oe,
animals ransom themselves and the old people get rich 18278]. Cf. 1961f. II, No. 107; Schwarzbaum i;-
Type175. 1987, No. 390.
French: Cifarelli 19q3, No. 245; 51'.r'
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff.Y[,-147 No. 304, VIII 148 No. 146, not. 1; 1978, No. 3051*.
Dähnhardt 1907ff.1Y,2643; EM 8 (1996) 1202-t205 (K. Pöge-Alder).
Finnish: Rausmaa t982ff. V No. 151; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjsl 159* Quarrel oaer the Sfag. S;
Medne 1977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytö1.999f1.I; Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen cat and an eagle quarrell:
1974; Russiary Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Borutav 1953, man to arbitrate [8392]
No. 40; Abkhaz:BgaLba19\9,95f.; Siberian: Kontelov 1956, 123{1.; Tadzhik STF,
No. 27; Sudanese: cf. Jahn 1970, No. 6, El-Shamy 2004. Remarks: Documented by StraPar-
Literature/Variants:
1594 Animals Warm Selztes at Charcoal Burfler's Eire. They are sent after Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e 1977 ; LtthL-
food for dinner. Each of them brings some back, but the charcoal 1877, 81; Italian: Visentini 1879, \
burner drives them away or kills them. Cf. Type 130. Chircop 1978; Greek: Megas 1975; i

Literature/Variants: EM 8 (1996) 1202-1205 (K. Pöge-Alder).

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160 Grateful Animals,UngratefulMan[W154.8].Atraveler saves atiger L iterature/Variants:

(lion, crow) a monkey (bear), a snake, and a man (jeweler) from a pit '-nnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V No. 1:l
(from a tree trunk floating in a flood). The animals give their rescuer -: antz 1957 {fIII, Nos. lB, L9, 397 ; Ct:.
.

a reward or promise to help him later. One animal gives him stolen
f amov§ 1936,27f .; Macedoniarr; \ :
.-irinese: Ting 1978.
jewels [8361]. The man also promises to reward the rescuer but later
he denies it. He accuses the rescuer before the king of having stolen
the jewels. The rescuer is to be punished. The snake saves him by
160** See T,vpe 41.

biting the king's child and then showing the rescuer the proper
remedy 18522.1.,8522.2,E.5121. (Cf. Type 101.) The traveler is freed
160*** See lvpe 40.

and the jeweler is punished.

Often the traveler is warned not to rescue the man.
160A* See Type 1897.

Remarks: Documented as a Buddhistic legend in the third century. 1608* See Type 154.
Literature/Variants: ChauvinlS92ff .II, 106 No. 71,,193 No. 13; Hilka 1915; BP IV
139f.; WesselskiL925,246f.; Wesselskl1931,83; Schwarzb arm1964,191; Tubach 161 The Ear"mer BetraYs tlre F
1969, No.256; Bascom 1975, No.50; Schwarzbaurr.1979,518 not. 15; Chesnutt the hunters in a baske: -''
1980b; EM 3 (1981) 299-305 (M. Chesnutt). hunters come, he sar'.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. Y, 21,8; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 7977; Norwegian: points to the basket. Tl'.
Asbjornsen/Moe 1866, No. 60, Kvideland 1977,29; Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/ asks the fox to thank :-..
Christiansen 1963; English: Briggs L970f. AI, 111f.; French: Delarue/Tenöze thanked him if gestu:..
196411. [I; Spanish: Childers 1977,No.8361, Goldberg1998, Nos. 8361, W154.8;
lK231sl.
Catalan: Karlinger/Pög1 1989, No.44, Neugaard 1993, No. W154.8; German:
Bechstein/Uther 1997I, No. 72, Meier 1852, No. 14 Peuckert 1932, No. 22,Moser- Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr' 1 -:
Rath 1964, No. 125; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975; Hungarian: MNK I; Czech: Literature/Variants: Krohn 1891. I
Dvoiäk 1978, No. 256; Macedonian: Vroclavski 1979f. II, No. 3, Öepenkov/ -:: cf. Pauli/Bolte 1924I, No. 61:
-':um 1964, 191; Palmeos 1965: :
PenuSliski 1989 I, No. 41, cf. No. 44;Bulgarian: BFP; Greek Megas 1978; Polish:
KrzyLanowski 1962f. I; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: -:hrvarzbaum L979, 37 9-382; D t c..
Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 65; |ewish: Noy 1963a" No. 7,Jason1,965,1975,Noy il, Nos. H.22,M.262.
t976,lason 1988a; Dagestan: Kapieva 1951,89ff., Sorokine L965,1.811t.; Ossetian: :.tonian: Kippar 1986; Lithtra:-.-.:'
Bjazyrcv 1958, No. 23;Syrian,Iraqi, Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph iungman 1961, No. 132; Frer-rch: L
1984; Indian: Badker 1957a Nos. 1120,1122,1123,L125, Thompson/Roberts 1960,
alier 1995ff. I, Goldberg 1998, \
Blackburn 2001, Nos. 27,60;Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov 1976, Nos. 176, 189, Esche :rnninghe 1943, SchipPers 1995 ).
1,976,31,ft.; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Nepalese: Sakya/Griffith 1980,
-r1'ruster 1994, No. 242; German: l''1
80{f.; Chinese:Ting1978; Korean: Choi1979, No. 118; Vietnamese: Landes 1886,
No. 67; Japanese: Ikedal97'l.,Inadaf Ozawa1977ff .; North African" Egyptian" -i rese / Serafi ni 197 5; Hungarian : i
.,,'röeviö
1868f. I, No. 373, cf. Esc1.r-.=
Libyan, Tunisian: El-Shamy 2004; Algerian: Nowak 1969, No. 304, El-Shamy 2004;
\o. 154A; Russian: Nikiforov I':-
Moroccan: ZDMG 48 (1894) 394ff.,EI-Shamy 2004; Guinean: Klipple 1992;l/üest ')60,215;
Jewish: Noy 1976, Jasr:-
African: ZNk. 4 (1,894) 65ff., Barker/ Sincl air 1917, No. 32, Bascom 1975, No. 50; l.lpanese: cf. Ikeda 1971, No. 1613'
Ethiopian: Gankin et al. 1960,213ff.; East African: Kotrl-Larsen 1969,24ff., Klipple
1.992; Sudanese: Klipple 1992, El-Shamy 1995 I, No. B361; Central African:
Lambrecht 1967, No. 260t. 161A* The Bear zoith the Wocttit
A Poor old man cuit ,'::
cooks the leg and sPin. :
160A See Type 168.
leg from linden tvood. --
160* A Woman Betrays a Bear (previously The Woman Betrays the old man.
Or, the bear comes t'
Bears). Awoman is attacked by a bear in the forest. The bear lays her
to him, "A11 the peoPle .::
down near a sfump of a tree and starts to dig a hole. The woman ties
her head-covering to the stump and slips away [K525]. woman is awake, anc
(Previously TyPe 1638-

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'
:qrazJ iI »NIN:uerre3unll 19j5I j
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/ur-€-qqpal[!S g :LISril !62 ,,.61 ?
ralurp1 arl+ LTaLIM 'srt-ll aas ]ou op sralunr'l aql 'la{seq aql ol slurod :uer8arr,rro5 !7y6y aupa14 s!gr1 :
aLI lnq ',,lIH aql ralo lua^,\ lsn[ xo; aq1,, 'sdes aq 'atuor sra]unq
aql uali6 'urq derlaq ol lou sasrurord pue /laIseq e ur sralunq ar{l llnusallJ 191 '1ou glg,616I urne\XzjE
urorJ xoJ e sapq rauruJ y'3u4uro4 liq xo7 a4q slia4ag DxunJ aqJ qJEqnJ :L6l ,ü96I rxneqzrEm{d :.§ ,
IgI
'LIdg gl"6l eIIIH 1€I .oN ,L.o-\€6I
'p91 addl aag *909I ,{;nluat p4rp aq+ uI F..:e:
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'gtr addl aag ***09I paaq sl rala^Ert aql (.I0I adil .+:ll
.rado.rd aql ranrsar aql Bunroqs u
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**09I ^q
ua1o1s Sur,req ro 314) ar.11 arolaq .larx
'BßI ßq5:asaurlIl ralel +nq Jamsal arll pJe^.ar o] sdrur
19761 .{o11 :qsr,ua{ 16tr 'oN /116I DIS^ourzer :upruopüeIN:.!lZ /9€6I q^oruEu ualols wrq sear8 purue auo ralel
.soN /IIl.!llg6LZ+ue;: ranrsar rraql aar8 s1eurue aql .(pco
/lasp§:aua^ols 1V09I'o5'1697ra8rag:upruraD !߀.,6L,gI
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:slueIIeA/arnlEJalr.l ra34 e salps rala^er+ V .[g.fgl^U] lrrr
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qr
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776 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28,1 :.C 284 Ani

Literature/Variants: 16lA* See Type 169..

Estonian: Kippar 1986;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne\977; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff.
I, No. 1638*; Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Russian: SUS; Byelorussian:
-16L 165 "Fish, Not Flesh" (prer-ioir
SUS, Nos. A*, 1.6LA** ; Ukrainian: SUS; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen The wolf promises to gir e
1974.
puddle, he says, "It's fish.
Or, the wolf promises :,
1618* See Type 4858*.
a saint. On his way to the -'
excuses himself, sa,ving:
762 The Master Looks Morc Closely then the Farmhand. A stag hides
1K2055.1, cf.IJ236l. Cf. T1 ,
from hunters in a stable, but the cows warn him that he would be
more secure in the forest. The farmhand does not notice him, but the I iterature/Variants: Cf. Pauli / Bo1te,
master finds him and kills him []1032, cf.1582.1.1. l-cke/Grubmnller 1987, No. 600; c:
'-ronian: 1980, No. l65C: I r . -
Kippar
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,521 No. 492). Also a proverb documented by r--.anish: Camarena / Chevalier 19; :
'
Pliny, N aturalis historia (XXII,43).
-ll; Serbian: KaradZi6 1937,275\c'
'-,i58**, cf. No. *20D**; Ukrainian:
Literature/Variants: Pauli/Bolte1924I, No. 645; Pedersen/Holbek 1961f. II, No. :
92; S chw ar zb aum L9 64, 1 9 1 ; Tub ach 1 969, No.
aum 197 9, 19 0f .,
459 6 ; S chw ar zb
--5f.; Eritrean: El-Shamy 2004.
\92 not.9; Dicke / Grubmüller 1982 No. 276; EM 6 (1990) 863-866 (G. Petschel);
Adrados 1999ff.III, Nos. M. 113, not-H. 169. 165A* See Type 169*.
Lithuanian: Scheu/Kurschatl9L3, No.4; French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 84; Catalan:
Neugaard 1993, No. J1032; Dutch: Schippers 1995, No. 136; Flemish: Meyer 1968;
German: Moser-Rath 1964, No. 123; Hungarian: MNK I; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No.
1b5B* TheWolf PunishedbY bet,t
4596.
most severe Punishme:r:
Type 1516..
','
162* See Type 169*. In some variants the

Remarks: Anecdote of the 16th i-::

762A* The Wolf Steals and Eats One Sheep, then two, and finally the whole
- : / tnonum iucundissimorum (15a\. )'
herd and the shepherd. The wolf is killed. Cf.Type2028. L iterature/Variants: Kasprzyk 1 9: :
:'-.anish: Camarena / Chevalier 1 9Y : ::
Literature/Variants:
- ii2, Hogenelst 1997 II, No. 270; F,.
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne |977;Lithuanian: Range 1981, No. 14; Danish: Karup 1914, -ender 1935, No. 109, Moser-Rath , -
L8f.; Greek Megas 1978; Russian: SUS; Syrian, Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004.
\rr\,äcs 1988,39f.; Greek: cf. Orso ,:'
.l )'lo. 1368; Ukrainian: SUS.
153 The SingingWolf.By his singing (threats or compliments) the wolf
compels an old man to surrender his cattle, his children and grand- 166A* TheWolf PutsHisTail tltr,
childreru and finally his wife. In the end the wolf eats the man [233. the sheep. The farmer .:.,
4.21. Cf. Type 100.
Literature/Variants:
Literature/Variants: Völius 1990; EM: Wolf: Der singende W. (in prep.). :.tonian: Kippar 1986, No. 1664--
-ithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff. I\- i:::
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.Y,218f.; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne
l977;Lithuaruan: Kerbelytö 1999ff.I; Wepsian, Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen .il; Russian: Hof{mann 1973, SUS: :'
1974; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Russiary Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Dagestan:
Chalilov 1955, No. 10; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Yakut: Ergis 1668* The Wolf Tries to Get Hor.
1967, Nos. 10, 13; Kalmyk:,Lörincz1979.
ing the previous Types ,
near the horses. He plun=
163A* See Type 1586.
fire to exstinguish it (pre '.
mud to splash it into the .'
1638* See Type 1.6LA*.
'(*'gg9l addl dlsnoraard; sas;oq aql Jo sada aq+ olur tr qselds o1 pnur
aq+ nr s,vrollerll. aq ro (*"g9g1 addl dlsnorzrard) 11 qsf€uqsxa o+ arrJ
aq] reau sa>leqs uar{} pue ra^rr aq} olur sa8unyd aH 'sasror{ arü reau
sauroJ Jlozur e rq31u aql uI ('*€g99l-*rg991 saddl snorrrard aql 8uI
-pnlrul) '(sasnH puo l1o7y1 Älsnovratdl sastoll qag o7 saul lloM aql *gElf sr8rg :1n1e1 lt 16I uavol§fied r,' 4arua
:uelsa8eq lgng :uerurur111 ,uprssru
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: :uer,qe1 : :ueruo]s:[ .1,4
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'V161dnw»:qspeq 171 .o1.tr ,1961 a-+t
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aa1fig 'tTtsnqslnH sauuer{o{ '3'a 'sarrquar ayogznr ag+ dleug pue ,o*t1uatp,d.n
qlil lWgL arü }o a}oprauv :sryeruey
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'.9I9r ad4l
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/066I
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',,+ules e ]e passil{ a^er{ +ou ppoqs ag,, :Surdes Jlasurrq sasnJxa saprq 3e1s V.puaquroJ aqt uo1, it
all '.rapueB e Jo )rau agl s8ur.r.tr aq ilasap aql ol Iezvr slq uO .lrnes e
aq o] sluem pue sl€rurue SqUU dn arrr8 o1 sasruord;lom aql ,rO
'dn trr slea pue ',,r{sag 1ou'qsr] s51,, ,s.f,es aq,alppnd
e ur 3rd € spur1 aq uaqM 'qsag 3u4ea dn aar8 o1 sasrurold llom aqJ
:
uauouned / rlaruaIsf, a» :uerur_\p-roI\
'(sylag to fiuoduoS aq7 ry l1o1y1aqa Alsnortrctd) ,,qsa17 qo51,t1stg,, s9[
:uerssnroladg lSnS :uerssng :t /GI ua{r
'116661
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-
118 Hans-]örg Uther FFC284 ..c284

A sleeping driver awakes, seizes the wolf's tail and tears it off (pre- :.tonian: Kippar 1986, Nos. 156., 1:
viously Type 1668,*). '§C*,169D*2), 1691*,169L*; Latr r
::.A",769*, L69A*-1,69F*, 169J. , 1r:
Literature/Variants: )r.r. 1644*, Kerbelytö 1999ff. IV (fort:
Estonian: Kippar 1986, Nos. L66B*1.-1.668*3; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977, Nos. .', ctian, Kare'lian: Kecskemdti lau:
1.668;-1.6683*; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. I, No. 1668r*; Catalan: -hevalier l995If.I, Nos. 169Au*, 169(
Oriol/Pujol 2003. ,:a1ian: Cirese/Serafini 1975, No. -:
l'1)'lK I, No. 1698*r; Polish: Ktzvza:.
1668:-1668.* See Type 1.668*. lio. 169F*; Ukrainian: SUS, No. 1l:
'.1\K X I; Votyak: Kecskemeti fa-'
\o. 162*; Algerian: El-Shamv 200; l
16684* See Type 1910.

169A*-169F* See Type 169..

1..67A* See Types 1889ff.

158 The Musician in the Wolf Trap. (Including the previous Type 160A.) 169G* See Type 87A*.
A violinist falls into a wolf's hole (sometimes together with a bear).
There he encounters a wolf already trapped, and saves himself by
1o9H* See Type 1229.
playing music [K551.3.1] until someone (sometimes the bear) helps
him out of the hole. The wolf is kitled [8848.1]. Cf. Types 15'J.,1.652. 169J- See Type 169*.

Literature/Variants: EM 9 (1999) 1038-1041 (G. Just). 169K" TheManDriaeswith aTt,i

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V No. 154; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Arajsl pulls a tub over himsel;
Medne l977;Llthuaruan: Kerbelytd 1999tr.1Y (forthcoming) No. 1.1.1.20; Danish: paws under the tub an.1 ::
Bornenes Blad 5 (1880) 33ff.; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier t995ff.I, Gonzdlez 17gB*.
Sanz'I.996; Basque: Camarena/Chevalier L995lf.I; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003;
German: Brunner/Wachinger 1986ff .IX, No.'?S75b; Kooi/Schuster 1994,No.244, Literature/Variants:
Berger 2001, No. 168; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975, Nos. 1604, 168; Hungarian: :innish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V, \cr -
MNK I, Dömötör 1992, No. 394; Czech:Jechl984, No. 4; Slovene: Vrtec 30 (1900) \ledne 1977;Lithuanian: Kerbelr t. ,
771.;Greek: Megas 1978; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962i1; Sorbian: Nedo 1954 No. t930,1.251f .
1L; Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS.
169L. See Type 169*.
168A The Old Woman and the Wolf Fall into the Pit Together. The old
woman urges the wolf and other animals to sit still. She is rescued 170 The Fox Eats His FelloiL'- t

by a hunter who either kills the animals or saves them [K735]. night in a house with a ri,,-
the rooster, which he .1-:
Literature/Variants: another house, the for .
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V Nos. 155-757; Lappish: cf. Kohl-Larsen1975,1.84ff.;
accuses a sheep of har i:,
Swedish: Liungman 1961, No. G5169; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Icelandic: Boberg
1966, No. K735.
next house he blames :.
1K443.71. Cf. Type 1655
169* Miscellaneous Tales of Woloes and Men, (Including the previous
Literature/Variants: EM: Tausch: D.
Types 156*, 157***, 162*, 1.64A*,'1.65A*,'1.69 A*-L69F*, 169J*, and169l-*.)
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982f1. Y, 21,9 ; E.:
Three main themes can be distinguished: 1977 ; Lithuanian: Kerbelyt ö 1999 ii
(1) Tales of wolves that do not attack the people they meet. 797 4; hish: Ö Süilleabhäin / Christia:'
(2) Tales of wolves that harm or want to harm people. Italian: Cirese / Seraf ini L97 5; Hun s -
(3) Tales of wolves that are punished by people. Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: cf. Eberhar
1965, No.2; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1955.
Literature/\äriants: Chauvin L892ff.II, 205 No. 64,VI11,89 No. 59. Kurdish: DZalila et al. 1,989, No. 1ES
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/
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'*ylgI'*9qI 'soN '116l auparylstery:uer^le-I :.1.69I ,,169l ,(Z*A69L ,)69-.
'(€"969r '(z-D -gogt 'G-y69L 'G.v69l '*zgL '.9gL SoN '986I ruddr;E :ueruolsl -a.rd; go ]r sreal pue IIB+ s,flo.$ arp:
6rt saluJ Ieruruv ,82 lli ü82 ldt
120 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 :FC284 -]j'

Syrian, Palestinian, Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Laotian: cf. ,-ombinations: This type is usuallr :
Lindell et al. L977ff.I,26ff.; West Indies: Flowers 1953; Egyptiary Moroccan: El- '-)es/ esp. 8, 31, 19 A, 72, 74C* , 7E.\,
-
Shamy 2}}4;Malagasy: Razafindramiandra 1988, No. 32. Literature/Variants: Werner 1899; t
:.rrvn 1937; Espinosa 1938; Ta1'lor i -
1704 See Type 2034F. -rtvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lap:
rnöze 1,964ff .lll; Spanish: Cam.rre:-
777A* The Bear Plays with the Boar's Young. A boar pursues him. The bear - L)3; Ukrainian: Lintur 1972, No. l
climbs up a tree, but the branch breaks and the bear falls down on ,'Za1i1a et al. 1989,No. 169; Tadzhr.
the boar. They fight each other and the bear is killed. -i. El-Shamy 2004; Aramaic: Liclz.:-:
::'.cimy 2004; Indian: Bodker I 957.r. '.
::c'Lrh€tnänn 1980, No. 24; Chinese: -
Literature/Variants: '..lonesian: Vries 1925f. I, No. -11: F
Estonian: Kippar 1986;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff.
,:.an: Fauset 1931, No.21; North r.::
IV (forthcoming); German: Berger 2001; Ukrainian: SUS.
- S-American: Dorson 1964,246ü. F.,.-
!9-, 98ff., Saucier 1962, Nos. 31, l:..
7718* See Type 179*. ...rbe 1973; African Americarr: Folk -
-r5E, No. 3; Mexican, Cuatemalar', l'
173 Human and Animal Life Spans are Readjusted (previously Men and jr,3; Cuban: Hansen 1957; Puertr. .
Animals Readjust Span of Life). (Including the previous Type 828.) -,-,uth American Indian: Hissir-rk I.
Cod (Zeus) originally gives 30 years to all animals and humans. ,'r92, No. K741; Mayan: Peflalos.: , i
Donkey, dog and monkey refuse some of their years because of their :cuadorian: Carvalho-Neto l9r:
sufferings. Man wants to have more years and takes lhem from the r arlinger / Freitas L977 , No. 56, ,\li -

animals. Therefore in the middle of their lives people must do the -rr7, Pino Saavedra 1960ff. II, \o r-
hard work of a donkey, then they bark like old dogs, and at last they ,hertudi 1960f.I, No.27; West I:r,:
, erdian: Parsons 1923b I, Nos. I :
are foolish like monkeys [A1321]. (Previously Type 828.)
: :obenius 1927ff . III, No. 3, El-Sh.: ::-
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,442 No. 105).
larker/Sinclajr 1917, No. 10, Kl::':
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. I, 42-45;Bp lII,2gO-293; Wesselski iirican: Arewa 1966, No. 736, I....'--
\rrican: Lambrecht 1q67,r- No.
1938a; Schwarzbatm 1964, 191; Schwarzbaum 1989b; EM I (1996) 842-846 (A.
Schöne); Adrados 1999ff. III, No. H. 107.
:ouih African: Coetzee et al. 1:-:-
Estonian: Kippar L986;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne l977;Lithuaruan: Scheu/Kurschat
\lalagasy: Haring 1982, Nos. 2.3 i l
1913, No. 51; Spanish: Childers 1977,No. AlB21,, Gonz1lezSanz1996; Catalan:
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.I, Camarena/Chevalier 199bff.Iil,No.828; Frisian: 777 The Thief andtheTiger. :
Kooi 19844 No. 828; Flemish: Stalpaert/|oos1971,,162,188ff.; German: ]ahn 1890, fears something wor-c : '

42ff., Neumann 1968b 184f., Uther 1990a, No. 62, Grimm KHM/Uther L9g6IIl, tiger (dripping of rair.r ,

No. 176; Austrian: Depiny 1932, No. Ladinian: Kindl1992, No. 55; Italian:
11; terrible thing, the tiger hr:
Cirese/Serafin11975, No. 828; Hungarian: MNK I; Serbian: pani6-Surep 1964, No. by a drunken man (thie:
26, Eschker 1992, No. 71; Macedonian: Tosev 1954, 111ff.; Greek: M.egas L97g; off on the tiger [J2132.-1 ;:
Bulgarian: BFP, No. 828; Polish: cf.Krzy2anowskr1962f.II,No.2462;Ukrainian: a very big sheep [N::r:
SU$ No. 828; ]ewish: ]ason1975, No. 828, Noy 1976; Kurdish: DLalila et aL.1989,
terrible thing he has i'..
Nos. 45, 90; Indian: cf. Mayeda/Brown1974, No. 7; ]apanese: Inada/Ozawa
L977ff., No. 828; Spanish-American: Robe 1973, No. 828.
morning the man sees 1-,.

Combinations: 1640.
175 The Tarbaby and the Rabbit. A cunning rabbit (hare, fox, jackal) Remarks: Documented in Indian .
steals fruit from a garden (field). A figure spread with tar, wax or Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1E9l:
glue is set out to trap the thief. The rabbit tries to make the tarbaby 613-646 (W E. Roberts).
talk and finally becomes so urngry that he strikes it. He sticks to the ,\{ongolian: Llrincz 1979; Palestinia:
tarbaby and is capturedlKT4ll. The rabbit is punished [K581.2] or \o. 965, Thompson/Roberts 19611, -,-
escapes. Cf. Type 159. Kaseviö/Osipov 7976, No. 199; Sri -
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a
'(srraqo5'U M)9t9 dqeqrei aql e)eru o] salr+ ll..-.. - :.
(186I) S rNE 1l '+ou 09I 'I dg izg oN 19'lilL 'llz6gl ur^neq] :slupue^/arnlEraI- Jo xP^\ tul Lilr-r,r pea.rds alrr:._ l
'(91'n) a4ualurlrd uerpul ur paluaLunroq :s)reruaI
11e1:ef 'yoJ 'areq) trqqpr :.:
'0t9I :suorlPulqluol
'sas a .\
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?,;.ezOlepeul :aseuedpl :_ ..
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saprr aH 'asrorl srLI roJ rurl-l sa)ielsrur oq.ru (1a1q+) upru ua)unrp e ,{q 'oN ?96I darng,9rue4:uerqras iI X
punoJ sr pue (daaqs Suorue saurlauros) saprq raBq aq+'8uHt alqrrral :uBrIelI 1gg 'oN /266I Ipury :uprur
e aq ]snur 11
3u»1urq1 '(lqBry,l,q '1aa,\rs 'trrer yo Surddrrp) ra8rl 'IIl966L raqln/htH» urL[uyrg r
aLIl ol u,ltot»Iun sr prom aq1 'ra8r1 aql upql asro^\ Burqlauos sreaJ '9691 uqef :ueurraD 1'Fg8I,Z9I, U6
:uersrrC lSZg 'oN 'lII'lJ966I rarrp-ra
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17661 oiddrpl'lI9'oN'II 6g6I tplluq)S ,196I .p la aazlaol :ueru1v r{lr-.,
'Y) 9V8-ZV8 (SeeD e w[ 1q686r rE
17661 a1ddrry :esalo8uo3 tOgZZ 'Zt6 'l€l'(g) 9gl 'oN ,196I rq:arqupT :uerri:
rTslassaM !t6Z-062 1II dS igr-Zt
Ierlua3 17661
alddrly:asalrppns 17661 a1dd11y'9€l oN /996I p.\{arv:upru-
'(sor
+seg 1Z9g'I002 >1)eso» :uooraure3 17661 a1ddr1; '01 'oN 'lI6I rrpl)uts/raIr:
:uerr.rJvlsaM 17661 alddDl :upaurnD tpggT {rueq5-lg '0'oN ,III'llLZ6L snruaLli.-
r,
:uer;e81y 17997 dtueqg-il :ueqd,(83 !€,€'LE'O€, 'soN 'I qtz6I suosred :ueLpr. ('SZS ad4l dlsnor.rar6
ade3 1'119'9961 .{a1.,r.rorf '€E6I sra^4.olC :sarpul }saM 1lZ .oN,I .1096I rpn+raLr - daql lsey le pue 's8op plo a{.rl lre,
/196l uasueH :aurlua8ry !662'LiZ 'soN 'III '26 'oN 'II '11096I Erpa^pps oulcl ,l!- aLIl op lsntu aldoad sa.\r1 r.:--
uosLrEH :uealrll3 1ZI 'oN'1002 ugqlv/operoJo)[V'99 'oN ,116l se+lorl lra8url:r.: aL.Jl urorj l-uaq] sa)Pl puP r-. :
''1106z 'egg6l opnrs€J :uprlrzerg :'lltZt 'ggA olaN-or,lle^rel :ueuoppnrl JIaq] JO asneJeq srpa,\ tral[ - ' .] ,_-
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'sueuInrl puE slErurue IIL, -,_ i-:
('g7g addl snor.r.ard ar{} Sui::- -
-.
nuauolurs /UaqllM '0rg '6FI 'soN 'i96I ULIEH /)urssrH :uerpul uBf,rrauv LIl11,--r
1196I uasupH /€96I sra^{olJ:Lrerrururoq'ue:ry o1.ran4 1196I LiasueH:upqn3 t€ ,.- pua uaytr Ä1snor,lald1 .
p aJ s n L L1 r' i
aqo5 :ueruerueue4 'uerry e1so3 'uen8ererr1q'ue1ulua1en3 ,uelxatrn{ iE .oN ,g:.r ,
uosrog ''ll9 '9961surcH7€Z-1ZZ(6L6D 0€ aroplloJ :upf,ualuy ueruJv 1€16I aqL,.,
:up)rraluv-Llsruedg 16'Z'soN /1661 lalaruv'E€€ 'IE soN'2961 rannps ,.JJg6 ,96: .
rar].ro{ :uEf,rrarxv-Llf,LrarC 1'JggI /6g6I uosrrrng ''ll9lz't961" uosroC :uE)rraurv-q -,
!'ltttt'Ott'6161 uosdtuolll :Lrprplrl uerrrarrv qUoN 1IZ 'oN ,l€6I ]asneC :upr:- 'soS rlrErurP.
'116661 pa/.pqa) :upruenqrr 1 / /6I ;
-eue3-qsr18uf 1gf 'oN /996I ralsupC :ourdqrg lzt 'oN ,l .19,Z6l sar.l :Lrprsouolr.-.
!'iltZZ'gt6tIf,aqral\O:uers,(e1e1,1 19161 3ur1 :asaurlll 1fZ.oN /0g6I uupluaunaF
:asaleday 1696y sgaqoy/uosduroql 'rcI 'oN /elg6I raTpog :uerpul 1pg67 dr"ueq:
-lE :upruppro{'uerur1sa1e4 1'lJIgI '969I r)srpqzpr-l :rrulue.rv:1997 ,iuruqg-13 ,;=
'paII|{
sr reaq all Ft
'oN'I88I unog-r-uir4 :uerrdg tge€ 'oN 'CIS :yrlzpel 169I 'oN ,6g6I Ie ]a elrlpzC uo uMop slleJ rEaq aW pLIE s{Eari
'Jr :LISrprn) :'Wte'ZgOt,raa8;a5 :uurroqrs 1IZ oN lz16l tnqr11:uerureDlg 1€0[- reaq aqJ 'lurg sansrnd reoqy 8rz
- -
1o ft-r.1 / lorrg :uelEtp3 :l' ilg16;1 rarTE.\aLIJ / euarpru€l :qsruedg lllt lltg 6t azQua
/anrelaq :rlf,Lraq j€Z oN '196L gqezs:qsrddel 1116l aupal,\/slglV :Lrer^]rr-
'( da"rd ur) addndraal :l\1f, 1666I lplluqrs 17tr61 ro1{e1 19961 esourdsg 11961 u-,r,ro.rg
16961 esourdsi1 !gt-92'Ll'll106I lprpllur{pq 166gI .rauraM :sluprre1/arn}Eratrl 'zt'oN'885[
'0€9I pLrE 'VgI€t 'y1t',3tt'zl'v6t'7g '3 dsa 'sad.i: -IA :uprf,orotr J'ue4dd8g 19961 sra-rr
ralllo alotu ro auo Io saposrda t1]r,rt paurqurof, Illensn sr ad,Q srql :suorleurqruol ']) :uuqoeT !pg61 ydpzrcW :uerup-r
LZL salEJ I€ruruv iSz fJi ,82 )tC
722 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28,1 :FC 284 -\:-

Ting1978; Korean: Choi1979, No. 50; Viehramese: Landes 1886, No. 78; ]apanese: 178C TheThirsty KingKills Hi.
Ikeda 1,97l,Inada lazawa 1977ff. ing is about to drink a cup
from his hand. The enraE.
178 The Eaithful Animal Rashly Killed. See Types 178A-178C,916. that the cup was ful1 oi p;

l78A The lnnocent Dog (previously Llewellyn and His Dog). A dog (cat, Combinations: 916.
mouse) saves his master's child from a snake. When the master sees Liierature/Variants: Chauvin 1891::
'.
the dog's bloody moutlu he thinks the dog has eaten the child and an Leeuwen 2004, No. 10.
kills it. Later on he finds the dead snake and realizes his mistake :rlish: Noy 1976, No. 178 (a); i\Ior':
.:r78, No.51; Syrian, Iraqi: E1-Shar-'.
18331.2,8337.2.11.
l',o. *178C; East African: Arer,r'a 1nr-
Combinations: 916.
Remarks: Documented in the Indian Tantrdkhyayika (Y). 779 What the Bear Whispere ,i
Literature/Variants: Clouston 1.887 II, 166-186; Chauvin 1,892ff .II, 100 No. 59, friends) go through a irr:.
VIll,66f. No. 31; BPI,42l;Bassetl924ff.II,422 No. 140; Pauli/Bolte 1924I, No. The guide climbs a tree ,..1
257 ; Le ach 19 61, 245-247; Tubach 1 969, No. 1 695; Schmit t 1,97 9 ; Schwarzbaum bear. The traveler feign. ;,
1979,13tf.; EM 6 (1990) 1362-1368 (I.-C. Schmitt); Blackburn 1996; Schneider The guide wants to knt ..
1999a, 167; Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004 No. 10. answers, "FIe said, ner c:
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V No. 159; Lydian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;Dan-
ish: Nielssen/Bodker 1951f. II, No. 64; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Irish: ö Sriilleabhäin/
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr' 1"- :
Christiansen 1963; Welsh: MacDonald 1982, No. 8331..2; English: Ehrentreich Literature/Variants: Pauli/Bolte - :-,
.,-i1; Tubach 1969, No. 522;Ell1 '--'
1,938, 1,82f.; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 19951, Goldberg 1998, No. B331.2;
Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff .I; Dutch: Burger 1,995,24ff .; Frisian: Kooi .innish: Rausmaa 79B2ff.Y,No. 1o :
1984a; Flemish: Berg 1981, No. 244;German: Tomkowiak 1993,24};Hungarian: q99ff.II, Kerbelvtö 1999ff. IV (tc:.-
MNK I; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 1695; Macedonian: Öepenkov/PenuSliski 1989 SLrilleabhäin/Christiansen 1975; F r.-' -
I, No. 17; Bulgarialr: BFP, Nos. 178A,.178C,*178D; Polish: Krzy2anowskilg62f. Clrevalier 1995ff .I, Gonzälez Sa:-:
I, No. 520; Russiary Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 44 V; 2003; Portuguese: Olr-. ;
Jriol/Pujol
|ewish: Jason 1965, 1975; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Kurdish: Di,allLaet al. 1989, No. 25; German: Moser-Rath 1964, No. i*-
Mongolian: Heissig 1963, No. 4, cf.Lörincz 1979, Nos. 1788*;Tuva:Tattbe19Z8, Czech: Dvoiäk7978, No.522; RLr:' ,,:
No. 51; Aramaic: Lidzbarski 1896, 140ff.; Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Pakistani: iarian: BFP; Greek Megas 197E; P.- .r
Thompson/Roberts 1960; Indian: Bodker 19574 No. 109 Tauscher 1959,No.42, :.rn:SUS; Mongolian: cf. Lörincz 1--:
Thompson/Roberts 1960; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting Thompson/Roberts 1960; Sri Larr.:
1978;Laotian: Lindell etal.1977ff.IY,94ff.; Cambodian: cf. Gaudes 1982 No.43; 1978; Indonesian: Vries 1925f. II, \,-
]apanese: Ikeda1971,, No. 178C, cf. No. l78D,InadalOzawal977ff.; papuan:
Slone 2001 II, No. 436; Australian: 5ea1L995,151ff.; US-American: Burrison 1989,
62f.; Mexican: cf. Aiken L935,26f.; Tunisian: El-Shamy 2004;EastAfrican: Arewa
779* Tales about Men and Be,i.
1966, No. 3506. eozs). (Including the pre '.
consists of various tale: *
7788 The Faithful Dog as Security for a Debt. Apoor man leaves his dog
Literature/Variants: Dicke / GruL- r:-
with a wealthy man as security for a large loanfB579.6]. The dog -:
Estonian: Kippar 1986, Nos. 169D-.
helps the wealthy man by retrieving stolen goods and driving off
Aräjs/Medne 1977, Nos. 1718*,7;.-
thieves. The grateful man sends the dog back to its owner with a 1974; Hrngarian: MNK I, Nos. lr-
letter saying the debt is cancelled. The owner, thinking the dog has - * *

run away/ kills it lB331.2.21before he finds the letter.

77 \B 2*, 17 1B 1*, 17 78
; ; Ukrainr a:.

179A* The Bear Pursues the lILtr

Combinations: 916.
zoho Hides in a Bush). -\':
Literature/Variants: Emeneau 1941.
jewish: cf. Noy 1976, No. 178*C; Mongolian: Heissig 1963, No. 4, cf.LiJrincz1979, When the bear puts his r..
No. 178C*; Indian: Bodker 1957a, Nos. 101,102, Thompson/Roberts 1960, Jason the bear's belly.
1989; Chinese : Ting 1978.

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724 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.1
-.C284 AI

Literature/Variants: anoise so that the leoPard

Finnish: Rausmaa 1.982ff. V No. 161; Estonian: Kippar 1,986;Latvian: Aräjs/ or by saying he has eggs :

Medne 1,97 7, N o. 17 9 A* ; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999 ff . Iy (f orthcoming).

L iterature/Variants:
179A** Man anil Bear Hold Each Other Around a kee. A man and a bear --roatian: BoSkoviö-Stulli 1963, No. l
take hold of each other around a tree and will not let go. Another razakh: Sidel'nikov 1952, 37If .; Kt:.
man hurries home for help, but does not come back for a long time. :r57a, Nos. 590-593, cf. Nos. '191-
When he comes at las! his comradg who is holding the bear's paws, - hompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: ;

makes him to take his place and goes away. He also stays away for -1;Vietnamese: Landes 1887, No. .

a long time, to take revenge for his friend's thoughtlessness.

182 The Helpful Animal and t
Literature/Variants: bite his master. He catcht
Finnish: Rausmaa 1.982ff. V No. 161; Estonian: Kippar 1,986;Latvian Aräjsl and forces the snake to :e
Medne 197 7 ; Afu ican American: Dorson 19 67, N o. 25. 18478,B.s77.1..31.

1798* An Old Man Carrying a Kneading Tiough. A man goes through the Remarks: Documented in the Ind.:
forest, lies down to res! and draws a trough over himself. Ahare, a Literature/Variants:
-en
wolf, a fox, and a bear come and admire the fine little table. All of ish: Jason 1965; Tadzhik: cf. STi l

them bring something to eat: a cabbage, a lamb, a goose, some hompson/ Roberts 1960; West .\i
honey. Then the man under the table moves, the animals run away
and the man gets all their food. Cf. Type 169K*.
183* The Hare Promises to D't'
gate is opened. He esc:-:,
Literature/Variants:
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne Literature/Variants:
1.977; German: Cammann 1973, 141ff .; Russian: SUS;
Spanish-American: TFSP 17 (1941) 108, 30 (1961) 1911. -ithuanian: Kerbelytö 1.999ff . I a.
ihompson/Balys 1958, No. K571 ,
:sh-American: TFSP 18 (1943) 17:-
180 The Rebounding Bow. A hunter who has killed several animals is
bitten by a snake. A jackal comes by and nibbles at the hunter's
bowstring. He is killed when the bow rebounds[],57a.2].
184 Half of the Money Thrtt,
selling milk (wine) mire-
Remarks: Documented in the Arabian version of Kalila and Dimna andinthe 13th
money alternately into ;.
century by |ohn of Capua (IV,5). sold half water and hair
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff.11,95 No.47; Dicke/Grubmüller 1987, No.
602; Schmidt 1999 ; Mar zolph / Van Leeuwen 2004, N o. 241. Remarks: Early European literar-. .
Danish: Nielssen/Bodker 1951f. II, No.51; Spanish: Gotdberg 1998, No. 151.4.2; Dialogus creaturarum (No. 99).
German: Bechstein/Uther'1.997 I, No. 59; Mongolian: Lörincz 1979;Pakistani Literature/Variants: Wesselski -:
Thompson/Roberts 1960; Indian: Bodker 1957a, No. 1260, Thompson/Roberts \\resselski 1936b, 180-184; Tubach. -'
1960; Tibetian: Hoffmann 1965, No. 24; lapanese: cf. Inada/Ozawa 1977ff .; 1 (1977) 147, 1.46 not. 7 0; Marzolp.
Moroccan: Laoust 1949, No. 19; Namibian: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 568. Hungarian: Dömötör 2001,271,1: :

181 The Man Tells the Leopard's Seuet (previously The Man Tells the 185 The Nightcap Dealer an,i.
Tiger's Secret). ALizard and leopard (tiger) play hide and seek. The puts one on and 1is5 do',.
lizard fastens himself (a crab) onto the leopard's tail or coats himself caps and put them on r.'
with mud so that the leopard cannot grab him. monkeys have his nigl'.::
A man witnesses their contest. The leopard is ashamed []411.10] down on the ground. T:',
and threatens him unless he maintains silence. The man betrays the caps back 18786).
secret and the leopard carries him off. The man escapes by making
Remarks: Early literary version r'
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726 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 .FC 284

Literature/Variants: Anderson 19 60, 63f ; EM

. | (1977 ) 140, 144 not. 50. look (sniff) under each
English: Briggs 1970f. AlI,85f.; French: Blümml 1906, No. 36; Portuguese: Types 200, 2008.
Oliveira 1900ff.II, No. 433, Cardigos 122*R* (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a,
No. 190*; German: Brunner/Wachinger 1986ft.III, No. 1Behl28; Indian: Jason
Combinations: 34, 200, 2008.
1989, No. 122*R*; Chinese: cf. Ting 197& No. 176A*;Sudanese: Nowak 1969, No. 41. Remarks: Documented in 1530 ir, -:
..
aries and often is not described. :
185 The Monkey and the Nut. Amonkey throws a nut away because it Literature/Variants: Dähnharclt 1'
has a bitter shell, and overlooks the edible kernel 11369.21. '-967,277-220,269;EM 10 (2001)
-r
- innish: Rausmaa 1982tf.V, Nos. ::
Literature/Variants: Kirchhof /Oesterley 1869I1, No. 129, VII, No. 145; Wesselski ,rnian: Kerbelytö 1999ff. III, 29 \r
1911 I, No. 230; Tubach 1969, No. 3510; EM 1 (1977) 141f.,1,46 not. 56; Beyerle lrench: Delarue/Tendze 1,961ii. l-
1984; Dicke I Grubmüller 1987 , No. 22. Jatalan: Oriol / Pujol 2003; Portu5-:.
Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. 1369.2; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. 1969.2. :oming); Dutch: Overbeke/Dekle: ,
.h: Meyer 7968,Meyer ISinning;',.
966, No. 8, Kooi/Schuster 199-i l''
DOMESTIC ANIMALS 2OO_219 \o. 200, Berger 2001; Italian: Tosc:
an: BFP; Macedonian: Öepenko: -
rervish: Jason 1965, 1975, Nor' 1;-
200 The Dogs' Certificate (previously The Dog's Cefüficate). The dogs \merican: Dance1.978, No. 10; \--::
have a certificate which they give to a cat to keep it for them. A '.-8, 179; Argentine: Camaren.: t
mouse deskoys this certificate. Since then dogs and cats are enemies \o. 619; South African: Coetzee ..
1A2281..1.1, also cats and mice 1A2494.7.71.
2008 Why Dogs Sniff at One .1
Combinations: L02, 103,110, 200A, and 2008. ent forms:
Remarks: Documented in the 14th and 15th century by Klaret, Exemplarius (No. (1) Animals arrangr
116). The certificate's content is often not described. 200, 2004 and 2008 are not
missing. One dog is se:-.
clearly differentiated. Popular as a proverbial phrase.
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt L907ff.Iy, LO3-127, 290-300; Bolte 1911b; Bp III, then dogs sniff at one .:--
542-555;LeachL961.,203;Dvol6k1978, No. '1,902*;DickelGrubmüller 1982 No. some medicine and c-11,..
317;EMl0 (2002) L370-1376 (L. Lieb). (2) Some dogs are .=
Finnish: Rausmaa L982tf . V, Nos. 86,93, 162-t64; Finnish-swedish: Hackman waiting, they shit in hr:
l9L7f.l, No. 40; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne19Z7; Lithuanian: spices or perfume are i:
Kerbelytö l9-99ff.l; Livonian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen L974;Swedish: Liungrnan chased away. These .1.-,
1961; French: Delarue/Tendze 19641f. III, Cifarelli 1993, No. 231; Spanish: continue to look for the :
Camarena/Chevalier 1.995ff.I; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; talls 1A2232.8, Q433.31 -
Flemish: Meyer 1968; Walloon: Laport 1932; German: Kooi/Schuster 1994, No.
246, Hubrich-Messow 2000, Berger 2001,; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975; Combinations: 200, 2004.
Hungarian: MNK I, No.200, cf. No.200r*, Dömötör200L,297;Slovene: Kosi 1894, Remarks: (1) documented in the - -
82f.; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, Birlea t966,149; Greek Megas 1978; Sorbian: rPhaedrus/Perry 7965,IV19). See .
Nedo 1956, No. 14; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1,962f. I; Russiän, Byelorussian, Literature/Variants: Dähnhar.i : -'
Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 7;lewish:iason 1988a; Leach L961,217-220,269;ENl 6 '---
Palestinian: Hanauer 1907,261, El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Bodker 1957a, No.34; Finnish: Rausmaa L982ff.V, Nos. i-
French-American: Ancelet 1994, No. 10; Brazilian: Cascudo 1955a 380f.; Chilean: \räjs/ Medne 1977; Lithuaniarr: :
Hansen 1,957;tArgentrne: Chertudi 1g6Of.II, No.22, Vidal de Battini 19g0ff., Nos. Liungman 1961, No.200; French: D.
788-796; Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004. Chevalier 1,995ff.I; Catalan: Orir.l ,

1995ft.I, No.200; Dutch: Vries l;-

200A The Dog Loses a Cefüficafe (previously Dog Loses his patent Right) Schuster 1994, No. 246a, Hubric": -
which he had put under his tail to cross a river. The certificate guar- Toschi/Fabi 1960, No. 20; Hun:-:
anteed the dogs a privilege. To search for this lost certificate, dogs Krzy2anowski 1962f . I; Byelorr-i..
vanidze 2000; African American: !
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128 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 :FC 284

200C* Erumity b etw een the Hare and the D o g (previously IIa re and Hunting thief away. If his mastc-r -,
Dog Conduct a Store). This tale exists chiefly in two different forms: doglK2062, cf.8325.11
(1) The hare (stag) borrows the shoes of the dog (hare) and runs
away with them. Since then the dog chases the hare lcf. A2494.4.4). Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr' 19lr
(2) The hare secretly shaves the fur off the dog's soles. (Pre- Literature/Variants: Kirchhof ,' Oc.
viously Type 119A*.) -'r61f. II, No. 56; Leach 1961, 26c -
- rubmü11er 1987, No. 295.
Combinations: 200. :.tonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Ar: .
Literature/Variants: Dälmhardt 1907 ff . III, 129, 324f . ':cnch: Cifarelli 1993, No.288; Sp.sl'...
Estonian: Kippar 1986; Catalan: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.I, No. 119,4,*; Hun- ,..n: Neugaard 1993, No. K2062; P' :'

garian: MNK I, No. 119,4.*; Macedonian: Öepenkov 1958ff., No. 3, Eschker 1972, : El-Shamy 2004.
No. 14; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, No. 131*; Bulgarian: BFI No. 119,4.*; Greek:
Megas 1979 Nos. 119.\*,200C*; French-American: Ancelet 1994 No. 10; Mexican: :01F* HostileDogs areMaLle Fr
Robe1973, No. *97; Namibian: Schmidt 1980, No. 66. my (wolf) [11a5].

200D* Why Cat is lndoors andDog Outside in Cold.A dog envies a cat her Remarks: Fable of Talmudic origi:-
place indoors. They have a race and the winner gets to live indoors. Literature/Variants: Pauli/Bo1te - :-
The dog is faster than the cat, but loses because during the race he '.o, 5342; Schwarzbaum 1979, rr . l:
13; Marzolph 7992 11, No. 88.
is attacked and detained by a beggar. Cf. Type 230..
::ench: Cifarelli 1993, No. 33-1.

Literature/Variants: EM 7 (1993) 1104.

Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1,963, O'sullivan 1966, No. 8; Hungarian: l01G* The Dog at the Banque't,
MNK I, cf.200r*; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, No. 202*; ]ewish: ]ason 1988a. but is chased off bv the ;.
asks him how the dirLr..:
The Lean Dog Prefers Liberty to Abundant Food and a Chain. A lean drunk that he cannot r. r:
dog (wolfl lior; donkey, gotdfinch, butterfly) would rather be free
than have abundant food and be chained lL45L.Z,L4Sl.Z,J272.l, cf. Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr' 1':
.Type 18712(2). Llterature/Variants: Leach 196L. -: -
12111. Cf

Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,485 No. 346, cf.484f. No. 342). :02 The Two Stubborn Gont;
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1,892ff .YI,28 No. 200; pauli/Bolte 1924I, No. 433; fox) meet each other or-. .

Pedersen/Holbek 1961f. II, No. 88; Leach 1961,268; Tubach 1969, No. 5337; aside. Both go ahead (ir::.
Danner 197 7 ; Dv oI äk 1 978, No. 533[ Schwar zb aurn 197 9, 318, Z21{,2S ; Dicke / lw767.7, J133.11.
Grubmüller 1982 Nos. 348,625, cf. Nos. 112,291,309,210,578; Adrados 1,gggff.
III, Nos. H.294, M. 96; EM: Wolf: Der freie W. (Hund) (in prep.). Remarks: Documented by Plinr', ,'.
Estonian: Kippar 1986; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö L999ff.I; Livonian, Lappistr, Syr- -:ubborn men, see Type 1563..
janian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 797 4; bish: ö süilleabhäin/ Christians en 1963; Literature/Variants: Kirchhof /Oe-..
French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 331,, ct. No. 184; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. L451.9, ?au1i/Bolte 1924 I, No. 403; Schr. ,..:
cf. Oriol/Pujol 2003; Dutch: Schippers 1995, No. 495; Friiian: Kooi 1984a; Flem- 1979) 570-572 (E. Moser-Rath).
ish: Meyer 1968; German: ]oco-Seria (1631) No. 138, Gerlach, Eutrapeliarum I :stonian: Kippar 1986; Livonian:
-
-ithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff. I; \\, .
(1656) 16 No.87, Vademecum III (1786) 108ff. (EM archive), Tomkowiail993,Z31.;
Italian: Cirese/Serafiru1975; Hungarian: MNK I; Serbian: Vröevi6 186gf. I, No. ,968; German: Neumann 1971, \tr :
396;Bulgarian: BFP, No.201, cf. No. 245C*; Ukrainian: SUS, No.201, cf. No. ,: Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Mega=
*245C*;
Gypsy: MNK X 1; Georgian; Kurdovanidze 2000; Kuwaiti: EI-Shamy 1995 3olatav 1953, No. 1 IV; Jewish: Jaso:-
I, No. J211; Tunisian: cf. El-Shamy 2004, No. 2014§; East African: Klipple 1992, :t. STF, No.245; Georgian: Kurdor..-
No.112. -\irican: Coetzee el al.7967.

201D* The Dog Barks at the Thieves, Atkief tries to feed a watchdog to stop
his barking. The dog realizes it and continues to bark to chase the
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 130 Hans,Jörg Uther FFC 284 :FC 284

203 sheep and Holse Haoe Eating Contest. This tale exists chiefly in two )07A A Donkey Iniluces Otteru
different forms: must do the ox's u.ork. :.
(1) A sheep and a horse have an eating contest. The sheep thinks
-he lost because his legs were too
Types 207 , 2078.
weaklJ2228)
(2) In the contest between goat and hare the goat wins because it Combinations: 670.
ruminates. Remarks: Documented in the Är,;:-.
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1t9l::
Literature/Variants: )iiirtersheuser); Schwarzbaum l.'-
Finnish: Rausmaa 19S2ff. V, No. 165; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvia.: Aräjs/ --eeuwen 2004, Nos. 2, 3.
Medne 7977. -rtlruanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff . 7; Irt>'.-
-arnarena / Chevalier 1995ff. I; \,\.rli.. -
204 Animals in Peril at Sea (previously Duck, Rooster, and Sheep in r50, 133f., Henßen 1961, No. 26, B.:,
Peril at Sea). When some animals (e.g. duck, rooster, sheep, goose, Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 19, :
:r75; :
pig, goat, caf mouse, rat) are in danger at sea the duck swims, the -:177, No.53; Bulgarian: BFP; Cree.
rooster flies up the mast, and the sheep drowns. Each animal calls )65,1975, Noy 1976, Jason 19ES.: ,
out something that corresponds onomatopoetically to its charac- -r)04; Iranian: Marzolph 1984; In.t,-.
:'-ranish-American: TFSP 25 (191r -
teristic voice []1711.1, A24261. Cf. Types 706,2718*,296*,289.
.:an, Puerto Ricary Peruvian: Har,.. -
-1; Algerian: El-Shamy 2004; \lt,:
Remarks: Tale explaining the meaning of animal voices (sometimes lost in trans-
r'.rdanese: l ahn 1970, No. 2E, Ei-S -
lation).
- r8ff.
Literature/Variants: EM: Tiere auf Seereise (in prep.).
Estonian: Kippar 1986, Nos. 204, 204A; Swedish: Bondeson lgg2, 22\,Sahlgren /
Djurklou 1943, t64; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Kristensen 1996, No;. 30- 2078 Hard-heartedHorse nrt,l
'
34, Christensen/Bodker 1963f1., No. 10; Frisian: Kooi 19g4a; German: Hubrich- burdened donkey, so it.
Messow 2000, Berger 2001, No. 204*; Algerian: Nowak 1969, No. 14;Malagasy: the load alone [W155 1' ,
Haring 1982, No. 7.204,1.
Remarks: Aesopic fable of Babrio. :
206 Straza Threshed a Second Time, At night, the animals say they have )t ):
tuenda sanitate praecepta (ch.
good food because the straw has not been well threshed. The master Literature/Variants: EM 1 (197, ,'.-
I979, xlviii not. 83; Dicke/Grubmil j,.:
hears this and threshes the straw a second time. The animals go
Estonian: Kippar 1986; French: Cir...:=
hungry [cf.12362). Clrevalier 1995ff .I; Catalan: On,-
Tomkowiak 1993, 207 ; Hungarialr: l. 1i
Literature/Variants: Greek: Megas 1978; Ukrainian: SL':
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.v, No. 166; Finnish-swedish: Hackman 19r7f.r,No.41;
Estonian: Kippar L986; Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e 1977 ; Swedish: Liungman 1961;
Danish: Kristensen 1890, No. 201; Portuguese: soromenho /soromeÄ o l9g4f. r,
207C Animals RingBell and D;,
No.26, Cardigos (forthcoming); Hungarian: MNK I; Ukrainian: SUS. §irwän) has a bell u-hi::'
horse (donkey) rings t:-.
207 Rebellion of the Work Animals, A rooster advises a donkey and an chased him away becau..
ox to feign illness so they can work less. The farmer overhears this master to care for the o,:
talk and has the rooster slaughtered [K1633]. Cf. Types 207A,2078. Or, the bell is rung b.,
king kills the toad ancl :--
Literature/Variants: EM 1 (1977) 989-gg4 (H.-W. Nörtersheuser). blind king [8271.3).
Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1,99\ft.I;Mexican: Robe197};Dominicary puerto
Rican: Hansen1,957, Nos. *207, 670;Mayan: peffalosa 1,992;peruvian: Hansen Remarks: Early literary source in E -:
1957, Nos. *207,670. in the 13th century and Gesfa Rorr:.,.'
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 189lir
Bolre 1924 I, No.648; Heller 1931, 1l-
636-638 (B. Heller); Tubach 1969, \:.
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1.32 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 , r: lE4

1295-1299 (H.-j. Uther). , 1, No.29; Chinese: Ting 1975; R:

Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 7977; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Lox 1999b, No. 72; -lrf. I, No. 24; JaPanese: Ikecla 1':
Germarr: Tomkor,r,iak 7993,247, Grimm DS/Uther 199311, No.459; Sn,iss: EM 7 ;:rto Rican: Hansen 1957; \'\'est In'-'''
(1993) 870; Italian: Cirese/SerafiniL975; Czech: Dr,oiäk 1978, No.4255; Jeu.,ish:
Jason 1965, Noy 1976; Turkish: Hammer-Purgstall 1813 II, No.29;S1,rian, Leba- :10- Verlioka. The terrible '1':
nese: El-Sharry 2001; Aramaic: Lidzbarski 7896,7531.; ]ordanian: E1-Shamv 2004; grandmother' The gran'i:':
Indian: Bodker 1957a, No. 275;Srl Lankan: Schleberger 1985, No.54; Moroccan:
ish him. On the wav he n''
El-Shamv 1995 I, No. 8271.3.
cow-dung, stick, duck ;:
also want to take reven':
207 A* The Lazy Horse (previously Lazy Horse is Always Waiting). The
lazy horse (hard-u,orking donkey) always r,r,aits for the next season.
Remarks: MainlY documented in I'-
The diligent one is pleased with any season. 1-Lterature/Variants: Scherf 199r il -
..-rssian: SUS 210-8, Afanas'ev F '' :
Remarks: Documented in the 15th centur\r Appears as a fable as w,ell as in ser- Ceor:.':'
- krainian: SUS, No. 210*8;
mons.
Literature/Variants: Kirchhof /Oester1e1, 1969yll,148; Dicke/Grubmüller 1987,
No.95.
111 The Two DonkeYs nnd Ti''
donkeY loaded with sal: '
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 7977;French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 17; German: Moser-Rath -
1964, No. 146. second donkeY loadeo
weight in the same r' '-" '
209 TheDonkeysDecideto Killthe Saddler. Some donkeys decide to ki1l makes his load hear t' -
the saddler to get rid of their work. When an old donkey warns Ot two birds har.e "' :
them that the next saddler will be inexperienced, they renounce while carrYing a loae1 t):-
their plan [Cf. J215]. the contest it raint, t' ' "
Literature/Variants: Remarks: AesoPic fable (Perrr - '': '

Macedonian: To§ev 1954, 167f.;BuTgarian: BFR No. *207***; Greek: Megas-1978, -lonkey with two different loatj'
iterature/Variants: Schwarz'r' ::-
No. *209. L a
''
licke/Grubmillet No' 9-1 -'
1987,

210 Rooster, Hen, Duck, Pin, anilNeedle on a f ourney 1F.296, F1025]. The
,ithuanian: KerbelYtö 1999ff i: :': '
.r.-,oi 1984a; Flemish: MeYer lo't '
animals and objects (also egg, millstone, dog, mouse, crayfish) hide 'i93, 205; Hungarian: MNK I l

in various parts of a house. They kill the house's owner with their lberdorffer 1974, No. 51; Greek; I'i'
characteristic strengths [K1161]. \or. 1976; Georgian: Kurdovanil:'
In some variants they save hirn (a young woman) from danger or ',t-eit Indies: Fiowers 1953, No' l
take revenge for one of their companions who was killed.
2118* Animals Go into tt Ti ' t'
Combinations: 125, esp. 130,2021. the Boat Go into the T--'
Literature/Variants: Aarne 1913; BP I,75-79,375; Scherf 19951, 592-594; Dekker first animal (gander, ;-'
et at. 1997 , 72f .; EM: Tiere auf Wanderschaft (in prep.).
saYs theY canno[ Pa\ :
Finnish-Swedish: Hackman1917f.I, No. 45; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Livonian:
Loorits 1926;Latvian: Aräjs./Medne1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1,9991f.I;Swed- innkeePer that thev r"
ish: Liungman1.96'1.; Irish:'Ö Srlilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963iCatalan: cf. Oriol/ Conversation betr'' -'
Pujol 2003; Dutch: Sinninghe 1943;Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Walloon: Laport1932; Cf. TYPes 106, 204, ll'r
German: Tomkowiak 1993,242, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, Nos. 10,41, Hubrich-
Messow 200Q Berger 2001; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975; Sardinian: Rapallo 1982f.; Literature/Variants:
Hungarian: MNK I, Dömötör 2001,287; Slovene: cf. Bolhar 1974, 114 ff.; Greek: Estonian: KiPPar 1986; Latviar-r: -: '

Megas 1978; Jewish: Noy 1976; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Mongolian:Llrincz 1979; 78; Hungarian: cf. MNK I, No l
Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000, No.210**; Iranian: cf. Marzolph 1984, No. *210A;
Indian: Bodker 1957a, No.34, Thompson/Roberts 1960,lason 1989, Blackburn
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1.34 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC284
.: C 284 -l:-

212 The Lying Goat, Aman sends the members of his family one after (fox and donkey, scorpirrl
the other to pasture the goat. Back home, the goat always complains donkey's singing. Ther. h;.'
it did not get anything to eat: The man angrily sends away his sons refuses to cross a river \\-iir-
(daughters, wife) or kills them. When he himself pastures the goat camel starts to dance an.i :
he realizes that it lies. He skins the goat (shaves its head) to punish J2133.1). Cf. Type 100.
it. The goat escapes into a foxhole and drives away afox, a wolf and
ilemarks: Documented in the earl.. ,
a bear. A bee (hedgehog, ant) succeeds in driving the goat away
I iterature/Variants: Chauvin l.'l--
lK11s1, Q488.11.
'-icke/Grubmnller 1987, No. 121; \1::
. '. S.40, cf. No. M.2lB.
Combination s: 123, 563, and 2015.
.,:lian: Cirese / Seraf ini 1975; Sarci i r
Remarks: Combination with Type 563 only in variants derived from Grimms' .legas 1978; Jen ish: Jason 1975, \.-.
Kinder- und Hausmärchen (No.36). The second part of the tale is often classified
lagestan: Dirr 1920, No. 35; Tac1zl ..
as Type 2015.
:-an: Kurdovanidze 2000, No. 2t-r. !
Literature/Variants: BPI,346-349; Scherf 1995II,11,98-1201.;Schmidt 1999;EM:
Ziege:Die boshafte Z. (inprep.).
rnamy 2004; Iraqi: Nowak 1969. \, -

Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff. V No. 168; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Arajsl 'ro. 214; Indian, Sri Lankan: T1',r:-
-,
l,loroccan: El-Shamy 2004; Libvar,:
Medne 1,97 7 ; Lrth:uanian: Kerbelyt ö 1999 ft. I; Wotiary Syrj anian: Kecskem6ti /
:1-Shamy 2004.
Palenonen1974; Swedish: Liungmanlg6l;D,anish: KristensenlSg6, No. 30; French:
Delarue/Tendze1964ff.III; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier Lgglff.I; Catalan:
Oriol/Pujol 2003; Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: Ranke 1966, No. 9, Tomkowiak l14B The Donkey in Lion's Skt,:
1993,242, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 36, Hubrich-Messow 2000; Austrian: when he Raises his \-oit;
Vernaleken 1892, No. 22;ltalian: Cirese/Serafinil97l; Hungarian: MNK I, Nos. skin, spreads fear, bui r:
212,212A*; Czech: Jech1984, No. 6; Slovakian: Polivka 1923ff.V,133f.; Slovene: teristic feature [1951.1, L':
Matiöetov 1973, 151f.; Croatian: Bo5kovi6-Stulli 1975b, No. 63; Macedonian: Eschker
1.972,No.9; Rumanian: cf. Schullerust928, No. 103I*; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr' 19r:
Megas 1978; Russiary Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; Mordviniary Votyak: Literature/Variants: Chauvin l Syl
Kecskem6ti /P aunonen1974;Iranian: Marzolph 1984; French-Canadian: Barbeau / iedersen/Holbek 1961f. II, No. i:-
Lanctot 1926,425ff .;Egyptian, Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004; South African: Coetzee -^1-2oe: EM (1q84) 428-435,L -
et al. L967. \drados 1999ff.III, Nos. H. 199 \l l
irench: Cifarelli 1993, No. 1E; 5p:.:- -
274 The Donkey Tries to Caress His Masfer (previously Äss Tries to Ca- \o.Jq5 l.l;Catalan: Camarena L:"
less his Master like a Dog). A donkey, watching how well the dog is -oming); Dutch: Schippers 1995 ).
treated, tries to flatter his master in the same way. But he is punished iowiak 7993, 207 ; Maltese: Mifsu.'i-,-
3ulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas 1v i
for his actions 11241,3.11.
1976; Indian: Bodker 1957a, No. 9!rl -
El-Shamy 2004; East African: Kli';: .
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,438f. No. 91).
Literature/Variants: Chauvin l892ft.II, 196 No. 23, III, 49 No. 1; pedersen/
Holbek 1961,f.II, No.50; Tubach 1969, No. 372;Schwarzbawl979, g1-g7; EM 4 2L4* TheDonkey Enoies the H,:,
(1984) 419423 (C. Schmidt); Dicke/Grubmüller 1982 No. 96; Adrados l99gff.Ilt, is killed in a battle (mr-r.: '
Nos. H. 93,M.45,5.220. longer envious 11212.7. -='
Estonian: Kippar 1986; Spanish: Childers 1977,No.12413.L, Chevalier 1983, No.
21, Goldberg 1998, No. 12413.1; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. 12413.1; Dutch: Remarks: Aesopic fable (Pern, 19r-
Schippers 1995, No. 99; German: Moser-Rath 1S64 No. 73, Tomkowiak1993,206; Literature/Variants: Pedersen / Hr. i :.
Hungarian: MNK I; Czech: Dvoiäk, No. 372; Greek: Megas l978;llkraintan: SUS; cf . Tubach 1969, No. 2615; EM -1 I i:'
Indian: Bodker 1957a, Nos. 925-927, Thompson/Roberts 19d0; West Indies: 1987, No. 712, cl. Nos.461,578;4.1 ..
Flowers 1953, No. 12413.1; Egyptian, Algerian: EI-Shamy 2004. not-H. 109.
French: Cifarelli 1993, Nos. 172, ll.
274A Singing Donkey and Dancing Camel (previously Camel and Ass L452.2; Catalan: cf. Oriol/Pujo1 2t..-
Togethet Capturedbecause of Ass's Singing). A donkey and a camel MNK I; Greek: Megas 1978; Jen ish: ',.
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pue Jlo./vt e'xole dearre saarrp pue
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aLIl
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736 Hans-|örg Uther FFC284 :FC 284 \:'

Lebedev 1986,2191f.; Indian: Bodker 1957a, No. 267;Egyptian, Moroccan: El- 118 A Cat Transformed to a )I
Shamy 2004. is transformed into a u'or-.
'-
continues to chase mice
215 Alackdaw (Crow)Tries to Carry Off a Lamb as anEagleDoes.The
lamb is too heavy but the jackdaw cannot drop it because it is caught Remarks: Aesopic fable (Pern' 19t.:
in the lamb's fleece [J2413.3]. Literature/Variants: BP IV 121; Sc:-
-19f. not. 11; Dicke/Grubmü11er 1.:i
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,422 No. 2). irench: Cifarelli 1993, No. 102; D,.r:.
Literature/Variants: Pedersen/Holbek 1961f. II, No. 137; Schwarzbattm-1979,
478,480 not. 16; Dicke/Grubmüller 1982 No. 6. :19E. The Old Man Has d Rorr-.
French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 4; Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. 12413.3; Catalan: envies a woman because -
Neugaard 1993, No. 12413.3. off to bring him some n",. '
money/ the old wofi1ä1r. :-.
277 The Cat zoith the Candle (previously The Cat and the Candle). (In- returns without succeq:.
cluding the previous Type277*.) Aman trains a cat (monkey, dog) to
hold lighted candles on its head fcf.K26a.2]. When a mouse runs Combinations: 715.
through the room, the cat drops the candle and chases the mouse Literature/Variants: EM 6 (1990 r l--
1J1908.11. Cf. Type 218. Latvian: Aräjs / Medne L977 ; Li tl'.,: .:
-925,40f.; German: Zaunert 19}. ::
Combinations: 3-1.4, 550, and 8884. StojanoviC 1867, No. 39, Filipor .: :
Remarks: Documented in the 10th century in the Arabian literature (Basset -krainian: SUS.
1924ff.II, 449 No. 127). Oftenpart of a wager or a dispute about whether nature
or education exert the greatest influence. Dispute between well-known charac- 219E** The Hen that Laid the G.,
ters (e.g. Solomon and Marcolf). egg every day (for ä 1..-:.
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte l898ff.ll,639441; Chauvin L892tl.L892II,200 full of go1d, the \,rom...r'
No. 42; Cosquin 1922,401,495; Tubach 1969, No. 885; Schwarzbaum1979,439L
special inside [D876. T:-=
not. L1; Marzolph L9921l, No. 365; E};47 (1,993)111.3-1117 (U. Marzolph).
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. Y No. 169; LaMan: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Swedish: Liung-
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Pern'1 ::
rnanl96L; Danish: Kristensen 1903, Nos. 518,519; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Irish:
Literature/Variants: Cf. Pauli B.r :=
Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963, No. 217, cf. No. 217*; French: Delarue/Tenöze
No. 177; Dicke/Grubmüller 19E, \
1964ff.III; Spanistu Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.I; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol
i1990) 374.
2003; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Kooi/Schuster 1994, No. 255; German: Hubrich-
Estonian: Kippar 1986, No.241A: r:
Messow 2000; Swiss: jegerlehner 19-1.3,'1.27ff. No. 146; Italian: Cirese/Serafini
555*; French: Cifarelli 1993, No. ll. :
L975; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 885; Hungarian: MNK I, Dömötör 1992,No. 407;
Serbian: Vröevi6 1.868f.1, No. 1; Macedonian: eepenkov/PenuSliski 1989 III, No.
Dutch: Schippers 1995, Nos. 111 -i
Sobel 1958, 25f., Rehermann7977, : --
242; Brigarian: BFP; Greek: Me gas 197 8 ; P olish: Coleman 19 65, 119 ff ; jewish:
Jason L965, 1975, Noy L976, lason L988a; Azerbaijan: Achundov L955,306f.;
.
:3
1785, XIII, No. '1Wat 1233; Berger i
1953, No. 178V; ]ewish: Jason 1965 i'.
Armenian: Levin 1982, No.2; Tädzhik Amonov 1961.,41.6ff.; Rozen-fel'd/ Ryökovoj
D876; Chinese: Ting 1978, No. 1l, r:
1990, No. 13; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004; Palestinian: Hanauer 1907,1.421., El-Shamy
2004; Persian Gulf, Saudi Arabian: El-Shamy 2004; Oman: Campbell 1954,l09fl.,
El-Shamy 2004; b anian: Marzolph 1984; Pakistani: Thompson / Roberts 1960; 2L9F* The Dog and the Sozt, -{r-.-:
Indian: Bodker 1957a, No. 1223,Thompson/Roberts 1960,1ason1989; Sri Lankan: dog and a hog argue -"
Thompson/Roberts 1960; Tibetian: O'Conner 1906, No. 6; Chinese: Ting\978; easiiy. When the dog de:-:
Vietnamese: Karow 1972,No.173;Egypttan: Weisweiler t978f.Il, No.8, El-Shamy most easily, the hog poir' ..
2004; Tunisian: Nowak 1969, No. 165; Algerian: Frobenius 192|ff. III, No. 50, [1243.1).
Nowak 1969, No. 165, El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese: Kronenberg/Kronenberg 1978,
No. 48; West Indies: Flowers 1953. Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 19r
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum, -
2\7* SeeType2l7. 197;EM7 (1993)7258-1264 (C. Schn-
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138 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 .4C284

251, M. 101. :rckelmann); Dekker et al. 1997, 1i

French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 494;I{tngarian: MNK I. :rot-H.57, cf. No. M.344; Uther l-
:.rrrrish: Rausmaa 1982ff.V, No. 1.
219IJ* The Rooster and the Peafl. Arooster prefers a single seed to a lot of :.tonian: cf. Kippar 1986; Latr ra:-
'
pearls [i1061.1]. )99ff . I; Swedish: Liungmar-r 1:'l
:rrglish: Briggs 1970f. AI,117f .; Fre-
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,521No. 503). \o. 390; Spanish: Camarena 'Ch=
Literature/Variants: Pedersen/Holbek 1961f. II, No. 33; Tubach 1969, No. 3635; Iutch: Sinninghe 1943, Kooi 20tll l
Schütze 1973, t29-132; SpeckenbachlgTS; Schwarzbaum 1979, 14-17; Dicke/ i68; German: Grimm KHM/Uthe: -
Grubmüller 1987, N o. 249. :\I 7 (1993) 871; Italian: Cirese Se::
French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 159; Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. 11061.l; Catalan: i78, No. 5396; Slovakian: Gaip..r: i...
Neugaard 1993, No. J1061.1,; Portuguese: Martinez 1955, No. J1.061..L; Dutch: -iumanian: Caster 1915, No. 98; BLr .
Schippers 1995, No. 1.25;Bulgarian: BFP, No. *2458*. - rbian: Nedo lq5b, 11s. l5; f,, -
-vpsy: MNKX 1; Mongolian: cf. L,,-: :

i l00; Japanese: cf. Ikeda i971. \r-

-:125f. I, No. 75; Australian: tr\-at.::
oTHER ANIMALS AND OBJECTS 220-299 Jrl.rgolese, Angolan: Klipple 1.r--
-!92; Malagasv: cf. Haring 19Sl l,
220 The Council ofBirds. The eagle asjudge assigns to each species of
birds their nesting places and work [8238.1]. :214 Test: Who Can Ely Higir t ;
flies highest will be ti-.
Remarks: Combined with etiological tales about birds'habits. Documented in and r,vaits until the ea: -
the late Middle Ages by ]ohannes Gobi ]unio1, Scala coeli (No. 327) and by flies out, higher than :''.
Chauce4, The Parlement of Foules.
Literature/Variants: Verfasserlexikon 7 (1989) 1,007-1012 (N. Henkel); Uther 2001; Combination s: 227, 2218.
EM 10 (2002) 573-576 (S. Schmitt). Remarks: See Type 221.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.V,22L;kish; Ö Süilleabhäin/ Christians en1963; French: Literature/Variants: Dähnharr-1: -
cf. Cifarelli 1993, No. 382;Catalan Neugaard 1993, No. 8232; Russiary Ukrainian: -.atnn 1979, 234-239; Dicke / Gru r- :
SUS; Yakut: Ergis L967 , Nos. 34, 35; Mongolian: Lörincz 1979, No. 220A*; Indian: :rckelmann); Dekker et al. 199, , i-
Thompson/Balys 1958, No.8238.2; Chinese: Tingl978;Filipino: Wrigglesworth linnish: Rausmaa 79\2ft. V, \r ,
1993, No. 45; Polynesian: Kirtley 1971, No. 8232. 'Irntson 1q20, l6l; Norwegian: : .

,965, No.57; Welsh: MacDonaid 1-.

220A The Trial of the Crow by the Eagle. A crow is tried and punished for
'II:
Spanish. Sasque: Camarena r, '
various crimes. In order to avenge itself, the crow slanders other Tomkowiak 7993,232f., Grimm ,r.
birds who are then also punished. Hungarian: MNK I; Greek: Meq:.
1979, No.221;T:uva: Taube 1975, \.
Literature/Variants:
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tr.V,211; Russian, Byelorussian, llkrainian: SUS; yakut cf. 22lB Test: I\4to Can Go Dee1t;
Ergis 1967, No. 36; Chinese: Ting 1978. of them can go deepesi ::-
down into a mousehole
221 The Election of King of Birds. The birds have a contest to choose | . J l. The owl is suppo-.

their king 1B.236.0.11. The wren wins by cleverness and becomes king escapes nevertheless l,{i.
18242.1 .21 [823 6.1]. S e e esp. Ty p e s 227A and 2218.
Combinations 221, 221, A.
Combinations: 220. Remarks: Rarely independentlr- tr,:'-
Remarks: This type comprises in its entirety 221A, 221F^ and motif A2233.3. r,rsed to explain why other birds c]'L:...
Documented by Plutarc[ Moralia (V1) and Praecepta gerendae rei pubticae (xrr, Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt I :
806E). batm1979,234-239; EM B (1996i -:
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1,892ff .Il, 220, No. 152(8); Dähnhardt LgOTff .ly, 189f.; Uther 2001.
160-184;BP lll,278-283; Schwarubaum1.979,234-229; EM 8 (1996) 181-186 (M.
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140 Hans-]örg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

222 War between Birds (lnsects) and Quadrupeds (previously War of Grubmüller 1987, No. 147; EM E (1.
Birds and Quadrupeds). Abear (wolf, lion) insults the children of a iII, No. M.476.
wren (insults an insect). The wren declares war, and the flying Finnish: Rausmaa 19\2ff .Y,222; E.
7977 ; Lithuanian : Veckenstedt 1 S S.
animals fight against the quadrupeds. The fox leads the quadrupeds
Spanish: Goldberg 1998, Nos. Al-;
and lifts his tail to signal that they are on the advance. Gnats bite the
F261.I;Dutch: Schippers 1995, No
fox under the tail, so he lowers it. The quadrupeds think they have ).1o. 42, Tomkowiak 1993,209; Czet'
lost and retreat [K2323.1]. The flying animals win [8261]. Cf. Type Creek: Megas 1978; Indian: Thon.r:.
103. 1976,266ff .; Chinese: Ting 1978: L.:
nese: Ikeda 1971, No. 222,IV; \o:.
Combination s: 313, 537. \igerian: Waiker/Walker 1961, lr
Remarks: Documented by Marie de France, Esope (No. 65) in the 12th century.
The modern tradition begins with ]. and W. Grimm, Kinder- und Hausmrirchen 2228
(No. 102). The variants differ with regard to the cause of the war. Quarrel between Moust
Mouse arud Sparrou). rI'
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1907ff.Iy,199-208; BP II,435-438; cf.Schwarz-
and a sparrow want ic rr'
baum1979,158f.,224-231,; cf. Dicke/Grubmüller 1982 No.630; EM 8 (1996) 430-
436 (R. W. Brednich);Adrados 1999ff.1fi, Nos. H. 150, not-H. 302, cf. No. M.265;
(try to divide a single :-
Schmidt 1999. war between birds an.. -.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.Y,222; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne
1,977 ; Lappish: Qvigstad 192L; Wotian, Syrjanian: Kecskemdti / P awonen 197 4; Combinations: 313, 537.
Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1.963; French: Remarks: Usually exists in conr.'
Delarue/Tendze1964lf.III, Cifarelli 1993, No.64; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier Literature/Variants: Levin 799= -:
1995tf.I, GonzälezSanz L996, No. 222C; Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 19951t.L Finnish: Rausmaa 1982t1. V ll: :
Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Soromenho/Soromenho 1984f.I, Nos. 34, Loorits 1926, No. 99;Latvian: Aräi. l.
58,75, Cardigos (forthcoming), No. 222C;Flemish: Meyer 1968; Frisian: Kooi 1999ff. I, No. 2228.; Lappish: Ke;....
-].9
8 4a; German: Tomkowiak L993, 242f ., Grimm KHM / Uther 199 6 lI, No. 1 02, 36 (79 67 -19 68) 24-36, 351; Hun e.: : ..
Hubrich-Messow 2000, Berger 2001; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1,975; Hungarian: SUS, No. 2228* ; Mordvinian: Paa. c :-.
MNK I; Greek: Megas 1978;Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 16; Russian: Pomeranzewa 1983,69; Ostyak: Gulya 1968, \-- -
1964, No.34; Jewish: Noy 1963a No. 3; ]ason 1965; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ti/ gian: Kurdovanidze 2000.
Paunonen 197 4; Y akut: Er gis 19 67, No. 59; Indian: Thompson / Roberts 1 960; Chi-
nese: cf. Dejun/Xueliang1982,56ff.;]apanese: Ikeda 1971.,lnadalOzawa1977fl.; 2228* SeeType222B.
Polynesian: Kirtley 1971, No. B26t;French-American: Saucier 1962, No. 32;Span-
ish-Americary Mexican: Robe 1973; Dominican: Hansen 1957; South American 223 The Bird and the f ack,ii
Indian: Hissink / Hah n 19 61, Nos. 29 1, 293, cf . 290, 292; Mayan: P efi,alos a 1992; Friends). (Including th..':
Peruvian: Hansen l9l7;Paragtayan: Karlinger lPö911982 No.40; Chilean: Pino A jackal (fox) orders a': :.
Saavedra 1987, Nos. 16, 17; Argentine: Hansen 1,957, Chertudi 1960f. I, No. 29;
near men carrying 1.a....-
Moroccan: Nowak 1969, No. 2, El-Shamy 2004; Guinean, Sudanese, Congolese:
Klipple 1992; Namibian: Schmidt 198911, No. 660; South African: Coetzee et al. pursue the bird and thr
1967. The jackal orders ti'.- ,

the heads of two men s.- :

2224 The Bat iru War betuoeen Birds and Quadrupeds (previously Bat The jackal orders the :
in
War of Birds and Quadrupeds).Becawse of its ambiguous form the dogs to the jackals's hr.r
bat joins first one side and then the otheq, but it always takes the side Thejackal orders thr :
of the winner. The animals notice this when they make peace. to a crocodile, then str-...
Consequently, the bat is despised by all animals18261,.1l. escape. Cf. Type 248.
Often used to explain why bats fly only at night 1A2491.71.
Combinations 7, 6, 56,56,4, 568 ..

Remarks: Variants often contarn

Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1,965,527 No. 566).
episodes may be motivated bv enr:-.
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt1907ff.lY,197-199;Bp II,237; pedersen/Holbek
as by friendship. The previous T'.
1961f. lI, No. 77; Tubach 1969, No. 501; Schwarzbaum1979,224-23t; Dicke/

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 742 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 _ 181 ,{:'

combinations of two or three of the above episodes. - rmbinations: 56, 564, 60, 122, 7):l
Literature/Variants: Dicke/Grubmül1er 1982 No.319; EM 6(1990) 1355; Schmidt - rterature/Variants: Dähnhardt 19 -
1999. ...1-ri 1980a; EM 4 (1984) 1290-129a
Estonian: Kippar 1986, Nos. 568*,56C*,248A*; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977, Nos.
568*, 56C*; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff. I, Nos. S6C*, 24BA*; Lappish:
' '.:'.rish: Rausmaa 1982ff . V No. 1
Jne 1977 ; Lithuanian: Kerbelr :e
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974,No.56C*; Danish: Kamp 1\7gt.U, No. 7; Fiench: - , )'1o.3; French: Delarue T*ri. .
Delarue/Tendze1964ff., No.568*; spanisfu Basque: Camarena/Chevarier 1995ff. -;rff. I, Gonzälez Sanz 1996; Bas.r..
I, No. 2484*; Catalan: Karlinger/pög11999, No. 20, cf. Oriol/pujol 2003; portu_ :.o1 / Pujol 2003; Portuguese: \'asci ,

guese: Oliveira1900ff.II, No. 252, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 19g4a, 15, Cardigos (forthcoming), Ge.
Nos. 56C*, 56E*; German: Bechstein/ Uth er 1997 I, No. 48, Neu*ann 1971, No. 51, ...-ran: Cirese / Serafini 1975; Malte..
cf. Grimm KHM/Uther 1996I, No. 58; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1.975, No. 568*; : ..r-ene: Matiöetov 1973, No. 3-1; S.
Hungarian: MNK I; Slovakian: GaSparfkovä 1991,f.I, Nos. 140, 27L;Bulgarian: -r-S;
Polish: Krzy2anowski 1961: ,
BFR No. 248-4*; Albanian: Camaj/Schier-Oberdorffer 1974,No.50; Greek: Megas - .rainian: Lintur 1.972,19ff.; Cvps'.
197& No. 56E*; Russian, Byelorussiary llkrainian: SUS, No. 248A*; Gypsy: Aichele - - Kurdish: DZalila et al. 1989, No
1926, No. 1; Cheremis/Mari, Mordvinian: Kecskemdti/paunonen tgZ+, Nos. : -:rer.r.erdin 7959, 702ff .; Tadzl-rik: :
568*,248A*; Ossetian: Levin1978, No. 40; Abkhaz: BgaLbal91g,l}6ff., Sakryl - rian, Palestinian: E1-Shamy 200-i :

1975, No. 6; Kazalüt, Sidel'nikov 1952, 23f .; Uzbek: Afzalov et al. 1,9631, 47if .; -:'ramy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1;:
Tadzhik STF, Nos. 16,320; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000, No.248,4*; pakistani: : i9; Chinese : Ting 1,978; Spani,sl-r-,-. :-
Thompson/ Roberts 1960; Indian: Bodker 1957a, Nos. 208f., Thompson/ Roberts
'..:be 1973; Dominican, Puerto R -
1960;Sri Lankan: cf. Schleberger1985, No.43; Chinese: TingL978;Algerian: El- l::zilian: Cascudo 1955a,375fi.. :, -
Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Frobeniu s |921fl. III, Nos. S, g, p'i-Sham y iO04; Tur.- ::.ar-edra 1987, Nos. 18, 19; Arse:-..
zanian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 56E*. '.vrt-lndian: Flowers lq53; t:
_-

: :e1les-Millie 1970, 17ff ., E1-Sham-. l

224 Bird (Beetle)Wedding (previously Wedding of the Turkey and the ',irican: cf . Kohl-Larsen lq7r, j - -

Peacock). Miscellaneous type. Birds (turtle and peacock frog and :.irican: Coetzee et al. 1967, No. ll:
mouse, owl and hoopoo, lark and nightingale, etc.) or insects (beetle,
grasshoppel, ant, etc.) intend to marry. Many guests (birds, insects, l25A TheTortoiseLetsltselfLtt t

other animals) are invited and/or they are assigned to prepare for self be Caruied by Eaglc
the wedding. The course of the wedding feast iJ described (includ- birds (herons, geese, s\\'.'.:-:
ing unpleasant event) [8282ff.]. Cf . Type 243". holds in its mouth. \\'he:-
death [J2357].
Remarks: Documented in the 16th century. popular as animal wedding song. Or, a bird (eagle) take.
Literature/Variants: Böckel 1835, XCIVf; Erk/B<;hme t}g3f.l, Nos. ios-t65; smashes, and eats it []0r.
Bolte 1902; HDA 8 (1936137) 1679-1681(H. Kunstmann); Opie/opie 1950, No. Sometimes used to . ,

175; cf. Scherf 1995 I,573f.; EM: Vogelhochzeit (in prep.)

CIACKS.
Livonian: Loorits 1926, No. 224;French: RTp 5 (1890) 15-19; German: Wacker-
nagel 1843, 37ff., Wossidlo 1897ff .11,1, 426-430, Röhrich/Brednich 1965f. II, No.
Remarks: The first tale is of Bud.::'
73, Brednich 1979,41.f.;Bulgarian: BFP; Sorbian: Nedo 1931,24ff.; Russiary Byelo-
rPerry 1965, 466 No. 230, 521 No -"
russiary Ukrainian: SUS, No._243"; Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004, No. 103A1s; Algerian,
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1'
Moroccan, Sudanese: cf. El-Shamy 2004 103A1s.
Holbek 1.9611.fi, No. 155; Hunger --
barrn1.979,116-119; EM 4 (1984) -l-
224* SeeType244. \os. 7, 8,567; Adrados 1999ff. IIL \.
French: Cifarelli 1993, Nos. 6, t191; S:
225 The Crane Teaches the Eox to Ely. A fox (jackal , wolf, tortoise) asks 1an: Neugaard7993, No. J567.2; Du:-
crane (stork) to teach him to fly. Once high up in the sky, the bird Rath 1964, No. 122; Hungarian: \1\r
drops the fox [K1041]. No. 1832; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: \1..:
Usually, the fox dies upon hitting the ground, but in some cases ian: SUS; Georgian: Kurdovaniclz.
he is saved. Cf.Type225A. Indian: Bodker 1957a, No. 1001, Thor'
Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting 1978; C;

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 144 Hans-Jörg U1hg1 FFC 284 .:C 284

197l,lnadalOzawat977lf.; Filipino: Wrigglesworthlgg3,Nos. 19, 45;BrazTlian: big as a bear but her chil.'.:
Romero / Cas cudo 1954, No. 45; Algerian: El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Topper 19g6,
times also gnat, bee) s}-re r-
No. 4Z El-Shamy 2004; South African: Coetzee ei al. 1967, Nos. I2gS7,i 2iS7.L.
him [L315.1]. Cf. lvpe l,
226 The Goose Teaches the Fox to Sutim. The goose drowns it [K1042].
L iterature/Variants : Schwarzbaurr',,
In some (German) variants, the goose teaches the fox to dance .omkowiak); Adrados 1999ff. IIL \
and flies away. ::nrrish: Rausmaa 1982ff.Y, No. 1. l
::tonian: Kippar 1986, No. 22E, cr. '
Combinations: 58, 91., 1221, and 225. -an: Kecskemdti/Paunonen 7971: E -
Literature/Variants: EM 4 (1984) 1290-1295 0. Kühn). ,{orean: Choi 197 9 ; I apanese: Ikecl.'.,
Estonian: Kippar 1986; Danish: Holbek 1990, No. 3; German: Asmus/Knoop e25f. II, 404 No. 115; West-Incliar: :
1.898, 69,99, Wossidlo/Henßen 1952 No. 24; polish: Krzylanowski 1962f.i; i18, Klipple 1992; Somaliary Con:,
Indonesian: Vries 1925f. I, No. 18, II,405 No. 159.
229 Animals Fear a Bird's Br"
227 Geese Ask for Respite for Prayer. A fox (wolf) wants to eat geese at the Snipe's Blll). A l-L::
(ducks,,piglets) but they ask him to grant them a last wish: a prayer
by the snipe [J2616].
[K551.1] or a dance. They crackle continuously. Sometimes p"opt" Other animals fear r:-
come to help them (they are able to escape). Cf. Types 6,7799. believe that it has fire i:-
harmless. Cf. Type 111--
Combinations: 478, 122A, and'1,228..
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff.yl, 1.87f. No. 354; Bp II,206_210; HDM 2
(L93440) 297t. (H. Diewerge); cf. Dicke / Grubmüller 1982 Nos. 6t6, 6,52; EM s Remarks: Variants with rooster i': .
(1987) 486489 (D. D. Rusch-Feja).
Literature/Variants: Cf. Kirchhor,,
:innish: Rausmaa l982ff .V, No. , --
Estonian: Kippar 19.86;Livonian: cf. Loorits 1926, No. 227A;Latvian:, Arajsl
:an: Arewa 7966, No. 1571.
Medne 1977;rrish: Ö sriilteabhain/Christiansenlg63;French: Delarue/Tenöze
1964ff.r[; Catalan: cf. Karlinger/pöglL9g9, No.26; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; German:
Haltrich 1954 No. 11{ Uther 1990a, No.38, Tomkowiak 199Z,24,,GrimmKHM/ 230 The Rearing of the Lor..
uther1996rr, No.86; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. s3z2**";slovakian: polivkal923ff. (hawk) fosters an ol'1. -i'. -
1!7, Sl_oye1e: kills it [K1985].
Y, !3ljavec/Levec 1,900, tI2; Bulgarian: BFp; Greek Megas 1.978;
sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 18; Byelorussiary ukrainian: sus; ossetiaru 1jury.o.,
1958, No. 16; Tadzhik: Amonov 1961, 56; Aramaic: Lidzbarski 1g96, No. 1ga; Literature/Variants:
Palestinian: El-shamy 2004; Iranian: cf. Marzolph 19g4 No. *62;rndian:Bsdker Finnish: Rausmaa l982fl. V \...
1957a, Nos. 626-628, Thompson/Roberts 1960fpuerto Rican: Hansen 1952 No. Spanish: cf. Rio Cabreraf P6rezB.,
122"*D; Chilean: Pino saavedr a196off .IIf No. 234; Argentine: Chertudi tg60f.r, Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainiar-, :
No. 24; West-Indian: Flowers 1953; Moroccan: El-Shaäy 2004.
230* The Race of the Rooster, I
227* The Crow and the Crayfish (previously The crayfish Entices the mals decide whicher-e: -.'
Crow into Talking).A crow catches a crayfish. The crayfish compli_ The rooster deceives ih. .

ments the crow, who opens its beak to reply. The c.aylish falls into
the water and escapes. Cf. Types 6,6",52, änd 61. Literature/Variants:
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff . V Nos. . -
Literature/Variants: EM: überreden zum Sprechen, Singen etc. (in prep.). No.44; Estonian: Kippar 1986; S'. ,
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ft.Y,No.172; Estoniän: Kippar 19ä6; Livonian: ci. Loorits 1984.
1926, No. 2278;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1927;L1thüruem: Kerbelytö 1999ff.r;Bul-
ql.irrl BFP; Russian, Byelorussian, ukrainian: sus; Turkmen: siebleva 1969, No. 2308* See Type 231-.
14;Indian:Bodker1957a,Nos.629,63o;Brazilian:Arcoforado/Atbiin2001,No.2.
231 The Heron and the Fislt
228 ALittleBirdThies to beBigger(previously TheTitmouse Tries to be the Fish). A heron (cra n,
as Big as a Bear). A titmouse (wren) ruffles up her feathers to be as promises to transport the:

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746 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 .FC 284

instead. A crab sees through the deception, seizes the heron by the 232C* Which Bird is Father? Ä '.
throat and kills lt1J657.3, K815.141. son, and asks Cod to gr,ir
the son. God: "There is
Remarks: Documented in the Indian Jdtaka (No.38). quickly rubs his no\e a" .

Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum1,979,33,41 not. 52; Dicke/Grubmüller 1987,

No. 572; EM 8 (1996) 329-331(8. Steinbauer); cf. Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004, Remarks: Estonian variants har-e i.
No.239. Literature/Variants:
Estonian: Kippar 1986; French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 182; Spanish: Goldberg 1998, Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: A:..
No. K815.14; Catalan: Karlinger/Pög11989, No. 18; Greek: Megas 1978; polish: :iansen 1963, O'Sullivan 1966, \rr. .
Krzyäanowskl 1,962f . I; Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Giese 1925, No. 44; lndian:
Bodker 1957a No.446, Thompson/Roberts 1960; Burmese: MacDonald 1982, No.
K815.14; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: TingL978; Cambodian:
232D" A Crow Drops Pebbles ii
Gaudes 1982 No. 20; Indonesian: Vries 1925f.II, No. 102; Japarese:Inadaf Ozawa Pebbles into Water lug s
1977ff.; Guatemalan: Karlinger/Pö gl 1983, No. 63. drops pebbles into a tall ''-
crow is able to drink frl:"
231* Animals Eat Each Other. (Including the previous Type 2308*.) This
miscellaneous type consists of various tales in which smaller Remarks: Documented by Plut.rrc-
1965,4931. No.390).
animals are eaten by bigger ones.
Literature/Variants: Pedersen H-
Sometimes the last one in the food chain (fox, lioru bear) is shot
113f.; Dicke/Grubmüller 1987, \
by a hunter or bursts. Cf. Type 20A. 113.
Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: \:,:
Literature/Variants: Marzolph t992Il, No. 111; EM: Tiere fressen einander (in 1\' (forthcoming); Irish: Ö Siiilleo,',-,
Prep.). \o. 165; Spanish: Goldberg 19:l: i
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977,Nos.231*,230F*; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Greek: Megas Dutch: Schippers 1995, No.315; Cr:
1978, No. 2308*; Mexican: Wheeler 1943, No. 194; Puerto Rican: Hansen 1952 No.
**23-1. 121; Hungarian: MNK I; Ukrainr::-
I..rson 1989; US-American: Burri >.- :-

237** The Falcon and the Doues (previously The Eagle Wants to Tear the 233A TheBirdsEscapeby Slr,t,,
Dozte to Pieces). Doves beg a falcon to help them (they elect him (cage) fo)low the advice -
king) but he eats them and their young [KS15.8]. the fowler throws then-, -
Cf. Types 1,33, and 23;
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,520 No. 486).
Literature/Variants: Pedersen/Holbek L961f.Il, No.55; cf. Tubach 1969,No.377g;
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbau:r-
Schwarzbaum 1979,254-257; Dicke /Grubmiller 1987, No. 555; Adra dos 1999ff.
\,larzolph 1992I,99f .; cf. Adradr.. ,
III, Nos. M.322, not-H. 172, cf . No. M. 126.
prep.).
L1lvi1ry Aräjs/Medne1977; French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 150; Spanish: Goldberg
Tadzhik: cf. STE, No. 153; Mong.-,,,:
1998, No. K815.8; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. K815.8; Dutch: Schippers 199{
g;han: Lebedev 1986,191; Indian: l,
No. 85; Hungarian: MNK I.
Roberts 1960, Jason 1989; Sri Lank..:'
79251.11, No.130.
232 The Birch-Cock and the Birds of Passage. A heathcock prefers to
remain at home in spite of the hard winter than to go to foreign 2338 The Birds Ely O[f with ti:
lands [J215.3]. with the net [K581.4.1] ,

Literature/Variants:
and sets them free. Cf. I
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.Y, No. 179; German: ]ahn 1889, No.586; Slovene: Vrtec
Literature/Variants: Dicke / Grr-rl.r:'
26 (1896)76; Greek: Megas 1978; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f .I;Ukrainian: SUS;
]ewish: Haboucha'1.992; Yakrt: Ergis 1967, No. 34, cf. No. 37. PreP.).
French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 429; Cer:
Vrtec 1 (7877)91.; Kurdish: Hadar-ri.
Tadzhik ST!, No.386; Indian: Bodk.:
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148 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.1 :FC2B4 .{:

Roberts 1960, jason 1989; Chinese: Ting 1978; Cambodian: Sacher 1979,80f., 234A* The Birds Brezo Beer. Bird,
Gaudes 1982 No. 21; Algerian: El-Shamy 2004. ear of grain. They reloic.

233C The Swallozo eniltheHeffip-Seeds. Birds ignore the advice of a swal- Remarks: For variants with humar
low (owl, tortoise) to eat hempseeds (mistletoe) as fast as they are Literature/Variants:
sowed. Ridiculed, the swallow builds his nest among the dwellings Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Arä'
of men. Later the other birds are caught in nets made from the hemp I; Hungarian: MNK I.

11627.1,1.
Sometimes used to explain why the swallow lives close to humans. 235 The lay Boruozus the Ct
1A231.3.1, A2241,1.
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1,965,428 No. 39).
Literature/Variants: Dfinhardt1907ff.IY,274f.; Pedersen/Holbek 1961f. II, No. Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1'
53; Schwarzb aunr. 1964, 1 93; Tubach 1 959, No. 4686; Schw ar zb aum 197 9, 95-101 ; EM: Tiere borgen voneinander (ir. :
Dicke/Grubmnller 1987, Nos. 131, 522; Adradosl999ff.I[, Nos. H. 39, M. 61; EM: Finnish: Rausmaa l982ft. V No. ,'
Vögel und Netz (in prep.). 1.7.2.11 ; Irish: Ö Stiilleabhäin / Chr r.
French: Cifarelli 1993, Nos. 107,234; Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. ]621.1; Catalan: Clrinese: Tingl97B; Indonesian: \ : ,
Neugaard 1993, No. 1621,.1,; Dutch: Schippers 1995, No.403; Hungarian: MNK I; 1977Lf .; African American: Baer I r
Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 4686; Greek: cf. Megas, No. **245; US-American: Simoneau 1992, No. A224L; Mala..
MacDonald 1981, No. 1621,.1,; Cameroon: Tessmann l92l,27ff . Schmidt 1989 lI, No. 606.

233D The Birds and the Fowler.Birds see the watery eyes of a hunter and 235A* See Type 2021.
think he weeps out of pity for them. One clever bird tells them that
it is not so [1869.1]. 235C* ABirdHasNew Clotlrcs

Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,531f. No. 576). Literature/Variants:

Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff.II, 151 No. 13; Poliziano/Wesselski 1929, Spanish: Camarena / Chevalier 1 !l': :
No. 409; Pedersen/Holbek 1961f. II, No. 100; Tubach 1969, Nos. 1773, 3606; et al. 1963 I, 57f.; Palestinian: Nlr-ri'.,:
Schwarzbaum 1979,98f.; Dicke/Grubmiller 1987, No. 568. 1984; Indian: Bsdker 1957a, Nrr -
French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 199; Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff . L
J869.1,.

234 The Nightingale and the Blindworm. Both have one eye. The night- 236 The Magpie Teaches tit,
ingale (crow, dove, fox, tick) borrows the blindworm's eye and then Thrush Teaches the D t' t. t't

refuses to return it. Since ther; she has two eyes and the blindworm pie, sparrow) asks a n^,.:,
has none. The latter lives in a tree where the nightingale has her nest how to build a nest. Äs :
and in revenge bores holes in the nightingale's eggslA2241.5l. Cf. know", and persists in :
Types 235,244. nearly drop out [A227-, -
In some variants th. .
Remarks: Documented in16'1,2 in a Polish variant. Also appears in 1812 in the pie and then regrets 1o--:
first edition of the Kinder- und Hausmärchen of J. and W. Grimm (No. 6), taken
from a French source. Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt I :
Literature/Variants: Köhler / Bolte 1898ff . 1, 72-7 6; Dähnhardt 1907 ff. ßI, 136-140 ; Schmitt).
BP I, 57 f .; EM 2 (1979) 47 447 6 (j. T. Bratcher). Finnish: Rausmaa 7982ff . V No. -:
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V, Nos. 180, 181; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Irish: Ö Kerbelytö 7999tf.II,40 No. 1.2.1.1r :
Srlilleabhäin/Christiansenlg63; French: Delarue/Tendze 1,9641f .III; Spanish: 1896,54No. 26; Irish: Ö Süilleabh:-:
Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff . I; Catalan: Oriol / Pujol 2003; German: Neumann I, 123, 126f .; French: Seignolle 19-tr
1971, No.47, Tomkowiak1993,243; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; Chinese: Ting 1984a; German: Hubrich-Messon l
L978;Korean: Choi1979, No. 6; |apanese: Ikeda 1971,, lnadalOzawalgTTfl.; ian: BFP; Polish: Krzyzanou'ski 19,:-
Puerto Rican: cf. Hansen 1952 No. 234**A; Malagasy: Haring 1982, Nos. L.6.2g4, ican Indian: Bierhorst 1995, No. li:
2.L.2344,2.1.2348.
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150 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284
.FC 284 -\r

236* Miscellaneous Tales with Imitation of Bird Sounds, Cf. §pes 106,
.rnnish: Rausmaa 1992ff. V No. 1S-
204.
-{erbelytö 1999ff . I; Sardinian: Rapa.
Some variants explain the sounds made by bittern 1A1965.21 and Jzawa 1977ff.
hoopoe [A1952). Two herdsmen send their cows to the wrong
pasture. The hoopoe and the bittern tell them that one pasture is too 239 The Crozo Helps the Deet
ric[ and another pasture too poor. (Imitation of bird sounds.) jackal, but when the deer
help him. On the adr.ice :
Literature/Variants : Dähnhardt 1907 ff . III, 892-39 8 ; Bp III, 2g5f .
Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne t977;Swedish: Djurklou -1883,78f.,
hunter releases him, he bi
188f.; French: Meyrac 1890,4121.; Frisian: Kooi 19844 No. 13228*, Kooi/Schuster and 233A.
1993, No. 60; German: Bechstein/Uther 1997 II, No. 23, Kooi/Schuster 1994, No.
254, cf. No. 253, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996111, No. 173, Hubrich-Messow 2000, Literature/Variants: Cf. Dicke i Gr.-r :
*239A;
215; Hungarian: MNK I; Bulgarian: BFP, Nos. 236*,*236A*-236C*; polish: Krzy- -reek: cf. Megas 1978, No. -
2anowski 1,962f . I, No. 233. lodker 1957a, Nos. 503,504, Thomp.
-976, No. 9; Sri Lankan: Thompsc.:.
237 The Talking Parrot (previously Magpie Tells zohy Sow is Muddy). A
parrot (in early variants a magpie) gives wrong orders or makes
140 The Dozte Trades Her Eggs
(Including the previous T..
inappropriate remarks and is punished by its master (thrown in the
mud, loses the feathers on its head or is chased and hides under the adove to exchange eggs
stove). There the parrot meets an animal (sow, cat) or bald person dove gets the two egg- :

and says, "You too must have had a quarrel with your master,,. dove lays only two eg::
[A2247.4). (Imitation oi :.
[12211.2].
In some variants a ci,-.'.
Remarks: Documented in the 16th century. hen deceives the doye :-.
Literature/Variants: Pauli/Bolte 1924 I, Nos. 6,665;EM3 (1981) 1362-1871 (H. -
Lixfeld). Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1;
Danish: Kristensen 1900, 152, No. 299; English: Briggs 1970f. AII,225f.; French: :rader).
Delarue/Tenöze1964lf.III; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier l991ff.I;portuguese: Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.V, Nos. 1!:.
Fontes 1975, No. 2, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Sinninghe 1943, Nos. 21g*, Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977, No. lr
237, Meder lBakker 2001, No. 255, Kooi 2003, Nos. 108a, 108b; Frisian: Kooi A1,127.
19844 No. 237, cf. Nos.237*, 237A*--237G*; Walloon: Märchen der europäischen "970f.
Völker 1968 VIII, 6f.; German: ZNk. 13 (1903) 94, Neumann 1958b, No. 175, 2i10* See Type 240.
Kooi/Schuster 1.994, Nos. 251f.; Austrian: cf. Haiding 1969, No. 41; Greek: Orso
1979, Nos. 298,299;Iranurn: Marzolph 1984 No. *237; At*traliarr: Adams/Newell 240A* The Bee Falls into the \\-;ii
19991,183f ., cf .1, 57ff .,1,07,Lil,164f.; English-Canadian: Fauset 1931, No. B2;IJS- ing. When a hunter n an:.
American: Baughman 1966; Spanish-American: Robe 1973, No. 232 cf. Nos. er 18362, B,457.L, 8481. I l
* *l
237 A-237 ; African American: Dorson 1962 Nos. 34a, 34b; Mexican: Robe 1 923,
No.23Z cf. Nos. 237*A-237*l; Cuban: Hansen 1952 No. **237C; puerto Rican: Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 19r,:
Hansen 1952 No. **2378; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992, No. 237*; Argentine: Hansen Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1891
1952 No. **237B. No. 147; Dicke/Grubmüller 1987, \
Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff. V No. i.
238 The Dove and the Erog Boast to Each Other (previously The Keen Medne 1,977 ; Lithuanian: Kerbeh':.
Sight of the Dooe and the Keen Heaing of the Erog). A dove (falcory Dutch: Schippers 1995, No.250; Fr:-
crow) claims to have keen sighf and a frog (bee) believes it hears 203; Italian: Cirese / Seraf int 197: . :-
everything. They demonstrate their abilities to each other [Kg5, Megas 1978; Jewish: ]ason 1975, No.,
K861. I937, No. l6; Egyptian: Ei-Shamr -
Haring 7982, No. 7.2.75.
Literature/variants: schwarzbartm19z9,236; EM: Taube und Frosch streiten (in
p.ep.).
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:är.ffi :qf,uarg !'lgZZ,II17 .y9761 s33gg :qsr
!
lag'14l)' l69tl (186I) A INA 6ZI- IZI,III. ll t06l iprerluqp(I :sluerru^/arnlerall.I 'Il) rttL-tg|r (186r) r wil jq99 '9 '
'*967 addl .JJ
.suuv\ pue a^op
aql sa^racap uaq
aql 's33a aql roJ ar€r e aAEr{ uaq e pue a^op e sluerrel auros uI
('spunos prlq ]o uone1rtu1) .[V.IVZZV]
',,Ja+seur lnod qllr,r
s33a raqlo ar{+ }o ssol ar{l surnou pue s33a ozrq lluo s,,(e1 aaop larrenb e peq
aql uaql a)urs 'ualas raq ro; ard8eru aq+ Jo s33a ozur] aql qa8 aaop uosrad p1eq ro (leo aaos; Ipumrc L
aq+ :(slsau a8ueqtxa o1 sluerre^ qsq8ug rn) s33a a8uerloxa o+ a^op e aql Iapun saprq pue paseP sI lLr p
sapensrad luaq zvtorJ) ard8eur y (.*6tr7 adÄ7snor,ra.rd arp Burpnpq) aqt ur uMorLIt) "ralseu sll ,iq par{=l
'(uo4ryqsqns-83X s,aaoq aq1 Älsnornatdl s88X ;, sa>lelu ro sJapro Suoraa se,rr€ lar
11 sapatl aao1 atl OIZ y '(frppnptg s1 mog fi4m sga1ard,&o
_ 'gl6l3ur1 :asaurq3 i096I sgaqoy/uosdtuoql :uE)uET uS j6 .oN,916I
,rodrsg/or.l.asp):asarurng 1096I sgaqo5/uosduroql ,1119,€1g.soN ra>1pog
.Jr:>Iaar3 !
:uerpul'.**6tZ'*6EZ 'soN,SnS.Jr:uerureDIn :y6€Z*.oN,g16l se8a141"196l -dzr;4 :qs4o4 *)9tZ- *yg€2,,"9€?'
'0002 .Mossal [-rIrrrqnH ,€lI
-o-\
'tZ7'oN 2g6I rellnulqnrD/ a)rlc .I) :sluElrE^/arnleretrl Ttr
'oN ?66I ratsnqrs/roo» /€Z.o-\ "II :
.Y€€Z ralsnqf,S / roo», *gzzel.o51,e1g51 re-rc
PUE ''lgl' tggl no1ryn[q :LISrpaÄrS :116I a
'*g0I €€'1 saddl 1p'[I'Z7g»)derlre sprmoq aq ,uqr{ sasealar raluml
'J982'Itr d8 j86€-r,5€
aql uaqM'Lpeap su8ral .raap arp r*orD e,o aJrlpe ar{+ uO .rur-q dlaq
o1 sasnJar plcef ag+ areus p ur lq8nec sr raap aql uaq.^ 1nq ,1e1ce[
('spunos prlq Jo uorlelrull -rc
e sdlaq raap V 'aflus aql u.ro{ adacsA na1 aqt sdpH mot) aqJ 6gl, oo1 sr a.rrysed euo lerp ruar1t
11al rrl
Suolaa aql ol s1v\oJ Jrarp puas u
pue [Z'996IV] uraprq dq apeu +ru
epeul: as :
auede { iSnS ueRner
I 4n :. rcg 6Io1p deg :uprurpr,S rt O Uy1lz: ;r:;:9
:ueruenr{ll'l 1116lalupalNls[pJ :upr^+e.] ifgl'oN ,L.lljzg'Ieelusned:r{suur{
'991 saddl 'J).spunos pnglo uo
I9I salelIPluruV
782 l{C
 An
752 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC284 -c284

-11 The Raoen in Boroiced

247 The Officious Bird and the Monkey. Abird, sitting in its nest during
224*.) Araven Puts on srt :
a cold rairu asks a shivering monkey why it doesn't build a house
from him and leave him 'l'
since it has hands like a man. The enraged monkey destroys the
Sometimes a crorr "
bird's nest 18275.4,L462, Q2951.
r,t'edding daY. (Previou''
Remarks: Documented in the Hitopadela (III,1,).
Lemarks: Aesopic fable (Perr.v 1!lt:
Literature/Variants:
iterature/Variants: Fuchs lESt':'r'
Ossetian: Biazyrov 1958, Nos. 28,Z9;lndian: Badker 1957a, No. 1020, Thompson/ -
Roberts 1960, ]ason 1,989 ; Sri Lankan: Thompson / Roberts 1960.
'r1f. II, No. 68; Schwarzbaum 1"':-
r. 9, 178-188; Dicke / Grubmr-il1e:
-t9ff . III, Nos. H. 103, M. 1E[], 1'-
242 The Crow's Oath (previously The Etog Enticed out of his Hole). A
--:ep.).
crow (another bird) entices a frog (toad) out of his hole and swears ..tor-rian: Kippar 1986; Livoniarr' -
not to eat him. The crow breaks his oath [K815]. -ri7, Nos. 224.,241; Lithuaniar': l' '
'-1: Spanish: Coldberg tqq8 \
Remarks: In Finland, also used as proverbial phrase. - r rtuguese: Vasconceilos / Sototl''' l-
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 1979,26,524not.6; EM 5 (L987) 404406 (P.- '' Öutch: Schi.olers 1995, No ''--
'-):
L. Rausmaa). (1;- I
:rirerz und Ernst
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V Nos. L90, Estonian: Aarne 1918; Lappish:
191.; . . Tomkor'r'iak 1993, 266t :-''
Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974;Swedish: Liungman 1961; English: Briggs 1970f. A .:r: Dvoiik 1q78, No llot -
L 110; French: Dardy 1891, No. 3; Flemish: Meyer 1968, Lox1999a, No' 4; German: -:,< 1978; Ukrainian:
SUS; Tci' 'r
Hubrich-Messow 2000; Polish: Krzy2anowski \962f .I;Indonesian: Vries 1925f.II, .:-.ese: Ting 1978, Nos 221- '::-
No.96. :-. No. *2[4**A) West Indies: I-.

243 SeeType1422. -=l-- See TYPe 1927'

243A The Rooster Who Crows about Mistress's Adultery Killed. The first :ll*** See TYPe 244C*'
rooster crows about the adutrtery committed by the mistress. He is
killed. The second rooster crows about the first rooster being killed :11A. The Crane and the He r"'
for telling the truth. He is also slaughtered. The third rooster is A crane (stork) Prolao:'
discreet and is allowed to live [J551.1]. Cf. Type 51A. thought she goe' tc :'
changes his mind ar-r'l -
Remarks: Documented in the Middle Ages by Etienne de Bourbon (No.465) and
Gesta Romanorum (No. 68). L iterature/Variants:
Literature/Variants: Pauli/Bolte1924I, No.9; Taylor 1957,28f.; Tubach 1969, No. rstonian: Kippar 1986; Latviar-i: l:'
1134 EM 3 (1981 ) 1065-1068 (R. Wehse); Dicke / Grubmüller t987, N o. 245; Adrados
,'-:Karelian: Kecskem6ti / Päuiltrr-' :
t999fI.III, No. S. 201. Creek: Megas lq78; Ru:*i'
Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. I Lorenzo Y61e21997, No. 1; Portuguese:
-978.
Pires de Lima 1948,539, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Schippers L995,No.299;
Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 1143; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav
1953, No. 52 (1-3); Indian: Lüders 1921, No. 58.
2.448* TheTwo Staraing Slttr'
awaY to look for foorl ''
flies back with some i':
243* The Crou: Maries. A crow marries because her bridegroom told her
that he owns all grainfields. As the grain is being harvested in the
Literature/Variants:
autumry the wife calls out, "Iaak, they are stealing the grain". []953. Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977:55'
'

71. Cf.Type224. BFP.

Literature/Variants:
244C* The Razten Drowns Hi'
Finnish: Rausmaa 1,982tf. V No. 192; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Livonian: Loorits
Becomes Old' (Inciutli:
1926; Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e 1977 .
dluo sa,res aH ('**,iiZ ad.,(1 snor,ra.rd aqt 8urpn1)uI) .plo sawo)ag
aH uaw\A tulH ptv ol aslwo,tcl or.y14 3uno7 stIi. sumotT uaaaü alLL *)rt; slrroo'I :ueruo^r.I 19961 reddr; :ue
dl'.
:uerrpSlng lI'lJg66l rarle^alll elrareute3 :LISrupdS !U6L aupary
/ lslery :uer,r1r- 'g96fl ',,urer8 aq] Surleats are .iatp
:sluErrp /arnlpJalrI
aLI] q palsa^rer4 Suraq sr urerS aq
'peap,{pearle sr aLI spur] lnq'uorupdluol sq roJ auros LIIrM {rEq saru raq plo] ruoo:8apr.rq.raq asneraq
pue III, sn{ slea aH 'sarrraqr aluos spurJ pue pooJ roJ 1ool o1 .(e.tre
sarlJ auo'8urnre1s a.re s,rtorreds o/y'J-.smoilüdg Smata|g otnl aqJ *gfF; 's9
preqraqf, :r{srxrnl 1€iII'ü
^€lErog/
1662'oN'q661 :(
'8ir s.raddrqcs :Trtnq Sur
.
3trr1 :e:^aurq3 1SßS :uerurprlll'uerssnrolaÄg ,uerssny tg761 se8aTq :)aor) : : :asan8ngo; ll'oN' 1661 zala r\ ozua
'oN '196I ]puulpuaM-zJlrrrN :uprura) +ßL uauounpd/rlpuraTsra) :uerlarp) -
'11666I soperpvlgfz'oN 286I ra114ruqruJ
?lllaqra):uerupnq+11!116I aupal\/s[erv:uerlJe] 19961 reddr; iueruol::
'oN'696I qreqnJ : lgZ' tEOt ro1.ie1 :
:sluErrpA/arnleralr I
'fla 'pasnlal sr 1nq 'ure8e uoJaLI aLIl o+ sao8 plre purur srq sa8uEql püe (99ü 'op.q) uoqrnog ap auuaql -i
aq uaLII 'de,rte raq spuas aLI lnq ,auer) aq+ ol saoB aqs lllSnoql 'y1g addl'If,'[r'r9
auros rauv'urlr{ sasnJar aLIS 'uoraq u ol sasodord (1rois) auerJ
'(uotag
v sr ralsoor prlr{+ aqJ 'paralq8nels
lo dn1sytno7 s,auat) dlsnor,rard; uo,taq aq+ putl auat) aqJ *VfF;
palp{ Suraq ra}soor lsrq aqt tnoqp
'*)vTZ ad{1 sr aI{ 'ssar}srul aq+ dq paBrllrEotr
aa5 ***tti
tsrrJ aqJ 'pa1py fi.aqppv s-ssa4sl
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'7661 alddrpl :asauepns 1*tfz oN /€E6I sra,\,\old :sarpul
lsaM 1v++ftrZ* .oN ,19i.
uasueH :up)r5 ogand 1€16I aqo5 :uelrxar\ü lrrz, _rZZ.soN,g16I Burl :esaurrr -
!'ttE'tE6t Suny urlg :asarurng 19161 ,rop :r.1sr,rta{ lSnS :uerurerln tg761 se8aj:, 'I|'19Z6I sarr :uersauopq 1I'IC96I p
:Taa.rD 14gg:uerreS1rrg.:€ZL,i6Bl i09€l .oN,816I :ueurraD jToN'e666I xo1 '9961 ra-ü
IsoX:aua,\ols Tg*o^C:qf,az-
19tü 'oN '266I rg]erueq 'I )N14l :uerre8unll :.l9gz,€66I ,(a.trq: V' s88rrg :gsr18ug 11961 uerdi
lO 16I
Ter^ro>lurol :gsrddel 19161 aurey :upruols:I :f,
-rp I trg) OfI 'oN (9glI) fiI urn)aruapE^ ,.lzlg (ltll) tsur:i pun zraLIrS ,]1oqox
''lqgf (999I) AI roupraM/Jar?)urz:ueurral 1t6 .oN ,E661 sraddrqrg :qr1n6 1(Er:
-uocqpo;) so8rpre3'Fl 'oN ,I.lg96l.lE ]a oquauoros/sollaruo)sen :asan8nlrog -,r) goi-vov (zsot) s ws j9 'lou Frg '
:Z'rceI oN'966I pree8na111 :uplete3 :Z.ISOI.oN ,g66I Braqplo3 :qsruedg 1y;; 'aserqd p
'oN,e66I rllareJrl:rlruarc tI .11666l a1_(1eqra;E:uEruprlqI.I lttz,_tzz.soN,116l
aupal I/sfury:upr^lp.l 16iZ .oN /926I slrrool :ueruo^r-I 19961 ;eddr; :ueruolsf
'[stsx] {reo sn
'( da;.i sreams pue aloq sq ]o lno (peo11
y '@loH srrl yo pac4ug 3at1
ur) rapueurauo,r ua8roq alarl :r{E :ll .;g,-tou,0gI .I I ,€0I .H .soN ,III .rJ666I lo
sopErpv :'ltOt'OOOy ldruny 101, .oN /lg6l rallntuqnrl/a)rrc lggl_Btt,6ßt
uneqzrE^\rif,S 1099I 'oN ,696I q)eqnI !E6I ,196I urneQzrpr,ll{f,S 1g9 .oN ,il.1L961 '096I suaqou,r uoilr
TaqloH/uasrapad:.lz6L Lltlus 1II6I urtsnv lgggl sLIlnJ :sluErre^/arnlpralrl /uosduoql'020[ 'oN
/e196[ ra{pog
'ase.rqd .oN ,gg6l,üra4) alqe; rrdosay:s{rEruay
lerqra,ro;d e se relndo4 (f Ot Lt
.(I"T
('.fZZ ad,rt ilsnor,ra;4) .{ep Surppa.n
srLI ro] spJrq JaLIlo ruoJJ sJaLIleaJ sl4.orJoq -\^.oJf p salurlal'uos
'[t'ZSOt['p'Z'196[) pIo] ar{l ur parer8srp urq a^pal pue LLTTLI r-LrorJ aql sdorlsap daluour pa8erua ar{
ruaqt a{p} sprlqrarlto 'sraqleal (ltocead) uEMS uo slnd ua,re-r y (.*777 asnor{ E pllnq +,usaop 1r dqzw iolu
ad,{1 snor,rard aq} Surpnptrl) 's,qlüal pamoilofl w uaoa>I aql Surrnp ]sau slr ur 8up+IS ,p4q\l fü
ihz
sa[uI IELrtlLlV tSz lcc ,82 :){C
frb"...--r-
154 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 :FC 284

the one who admits that he will not carry the old bird because he -:183, Pi.P"r"rubmüller 19E7, \i
will have to carry his own young 11267.ll. -158-7264 (C. Schmitt); Adrados ,
:ir-rnish: Rausmaa 7982ff. V \o -
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbatmlg7g,xxxixnol 10; EM 11,1 (2003) 132-135 (p. \ Iedne 1977 ; Lithtanian: Kerbelr :,
Kippar). rrirtensen l8qo, No.93; Icelar..:
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V No. 193; Estonian: Kippar 1.986;Latvian: Aräjsl :irilleabhäin / Christiansen 1 96-:
Medne 1,977;Lithuanian: KerbelytöL999ff.I; Karelian: Kecskem6ti/paunonen ,-amarena / Chevalier 1995ff . I; C.r :..,
1974; Rurnanian: Gaster 1915, 294f.; Bulgarian: BFP; Ukrainian: SUS; Jewish: 3raga 1987 II,247f.,248, Cardigt.
Jason1975, Noy 1976. -talian: Cirese/Serafini 1975; \Ia-.,
,{ungarian: MNK I; Macedonian: I.
*247A,*2478;
245 The Tame Bird anil the Wild Bird. A tame bird advises the wild bird :f. Nos. Greek: NIec....
to look about him. The wild bird is shot [L451.1] . Cf.Type 1t2. 3r.e1orussiary Ukrainian: SUS; le,, .

.989, No. 187; Iranian: Marzolpl'. ,

Literature/Variants: iolynesian: Wilbert/Simoneau l. -

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V Nos. 194, 195; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Lithuanian: llcoforado/Albän 2001, No. 1l
Kerbelytö 1999ff.1; French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 19; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier
1995ff. I, Gonzälez Sanz 1996; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; portuguese: Soro- :18 The Dog and the Sparro:,-
menho/Soromenho 1984f.I, Nos. 12, 14, Cardigos (forthcoming); Chinese: Ting friend of a sparrol-. T1--
197 8; Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004. man. FIe tries to kill rt :.:
his cargo. fhe man ca:.'
245* See Type 68*. bird looks out from hr: :-.
Instead, she hurts or ki.-.
246 Two Birds(previously The HunterBends theBow).Whenahunter Tvpes 223,1586, ancl I =
bends his bow, one bird (fish, deer) flies away. The other one re-
mains and is shot 11641.71. Combinations: 568, 67, and 71 r
Remarks: Documented in the ea:
Remarks: Documented in the Arabian version of Kalila and Dimna andin the 13th Literature/Variants: Chaur in i'--.'
century by. the Persian-speaking Öalälod dinRur,rri, Mayaoi-ye ma,naoi (IV, 2202). Schrvarzbaum 1964, 193; Schrr .::.-
Literature/Variants: Chauvin1892ff.Il,88 No. 26, ITI,59 No.2t Dicke/Grubmüller 1990) 1354-1358 (V. I. Sanaror r

1987, Nos. 140,279; cf. Marzolph/Van Leeuwen2004, No. 239. Finnish: Rausmaa 1982f1. !', \c.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.y, No. 196; Frenc-h: Cifarelli 1993, Nos. 14O, ll;puerto \ Iedne 1.97 7 ; Lithuanian: Kerbe I r :=
Rican: Hansen 1957, No. 246**A. 3ru[ord / MacDonald 1q94, \,. -
irench: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff. III :
247 EachMotherLikesHq Own ChilfuenBest(previously EachLikes 1003, No. 106; Flemish: Meygl l9-,^ l
1971, No.51, Crimm KHM/Uthe: -.
his Own Children Best). This tale efsts chiefly in two different forms:
(1) A partridge asks an owl (raven) to take some food to its child >imone 1994, No.42b; Hungaria:-
r akian: Polivka 7923ff.V, cf. 131i.
at school. The owl wants to know how to recognize the child and the
\ ujkov 1953, 232f1.; Macedonian:
partridge answers that its child is the most beautiful. But the ow1 Polish: Krzy2anowskt 1962f . I; Rr...
considers its own child as most beautiful and gives it the food. Britaev/Kaloev 7959, 13f.; Bashki: r
(2) A snipe asks an eagle (hawk, wolf, sportsman) to spare its 1989, No. 158; Siberian: Kontelo,,
yovrrgt saying that they are easily recognized as the prettiest in the Kara-Kalpak: Volkov 7959, 62fi.; I -.
forest. The eagle eats only the ugliest little birds it can find. They are Rican: Hansen7957.
the young snipes [T681].
248A The Elephant and the LLtt
lgTr-1kr, Early variants often feature a female monkey and jupiter (Aesopic lark's friends take rer-eit.
^
fable [Perry 1965,486 No. 364]). Popular as a proverbial phrase. to fall into a dry pool. t l
Literature/variants: Dähnhardt 79ozff .rr,24r-2so; pedersen/Hotbek 1961f. II, the bees sting the eleph.::
No. 1 64; Tubach 1 969, No. 487 3 ; Schw ar zb aum 197 9, 27 b-280; Görög-Karady
 /
dperey-8o.ro D :OBZ-1 lZ 6 l6t w\e.4
'Llleap ol luelldala aq] Sups saaq aLI] 'Il' tT9 6T )aqloH / uasrapad 10§Z-6;
pue 'sa.{a s,}ueqdala aLIl lno s))ad aLIl 'lood irp e olur 11e1 o1 'aserqd 1urq.ra,r,ord e
^\orr :rdosay) ralrdn{ pue daluou aptua
lueqdala aLIl sasner pue s>ieorf, 3o.r; aq1 a8tra,tar alel spuarrJ s,Irpl
aql 'lsau b-,Irel e saldluer] iueqdala Lt.y ltbl aql pLru qua4da17 aqa yS. _
'lE6I uasueH:11r, a.re ,{aq1 'puLI ue) ll sprlq apql lsan
otrand 'LrErruruo6 19t 'oN /816I aqnpl 'Jf, :e^nI :'JlZ9'696L :1ed1e;,1-" - aql q +sal+]a;rd aq+ se pazruSolar -i
!'l€ll'Zg6L :LIIezE) :u€uaqrs s1r
:ilgZ'ggil,\olaluo) ^o)lo1lggI .oN .. , areds o1 (ueurslrods J1oru. '1-rre.
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'lp ]a elItE?C ^o)ru,laprs 'poo, aql 1r saar8 pue InJpneal
^aole)/_\a].-
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I^to aq] ]ng 'InJrlneaQ lsoru atf+ s]
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'll u) o] sarrJ arr^{ snl /Ll}nolu srLI ro apts))eq sq ruor] lno sTool prrq
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sdo"rlsap ro asroLl slLI sIU aq ,8urop os ur ,lnq il IIr) ol sarrl aH .Lreur
aql sdouue pue aJupa8ua^ sale],norreds aq1 '.uorreds p Jo puarJ1 8ur; :asaurq3 1(Sururo)rüro;) so8rpr
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_
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1,56 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Remarks: Documented in the Indian lataka (cf . No. 357). 275A The Race between Hare s
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 1979, 529 not. 4. Race: Sleeping Hare). 7n
lewish: Iason\965;Turkmen: Stebleva 1969, No.5; Tadzhik STF, No.83; Indian: slow animal (tortoise, tL
Bsdker 1957a, No. 32, Thompson/Roberts 1960; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts because it thinks it has p
1960; Chinese : Ting 197 8.
pass it and wins the race

248A* See Type 223. Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perr,v 1!lr

etiological legends.
25O SwimmingMatch of the Fish.Thefishhave arace,and the smaller Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 19 - -
one wins. The perch hangs on to the tail of the salmon and is the III, 339 -343; Takehara 1 978; Schu- a :
winner [K11.2]. Cf. Types 221A,2758. \o. 256;Dekker etal.\997,155-15>
EM: Wettlauf der Tiere (in prep.).
Literature/variants: DähnhardtL907ff.lv,9L-93, 192;BPIIl,354f.; Dekker et al. Estonian: Kippar 1986, No. 205; S...
1997,155-158; EM: Wettschwimmen der Fische (in prep.). ,,r.egian: Hodne 1984; French: Crfa:.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. V Nos. 199-201; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman t917f.1, Camarena/ Chevalier 1995ff. I; Car:
Nos. 45, 46(8); Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1.977; Lappish: Poestion 1886, No. 4, frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meve:
o%,217, cf. Uther 1990a, No. o"
Qvigstad 1927f1.IIJ,51; Irish: O Suilleabhäin/Christiansenlg63; Spanish: Cama-
rena/Chevalier L995ff .I; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: - irese/Serafini 1975; Hungarian: f
Mont/ Cock L927,No.33; Tadzhik cf. STF, Nos. 15, 53; West Indies: Flowers 1953. 1992, 75 No. 8; Greek: Megas 1o-'
Turkish: Spies 1967, No. 8; Chir-re..
250A The Flouruder's Crooked Mouth, The fish have a race to elect their 122f.; Japanese: Ikeda 1971, Inada .-
king. This tale exists chiefly in two different forms: \o.438; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992: ..
(1) The flounder cries out in jealousy because the herring is >hamy 2004; Nigerian: Walker \\:
"

winning 1A2252.41.
(2) The flounder makes a discourteous remark to God 1A2237.
2758 TheRace oftheFox and t'
tick, chameleon) hangs --
1.21. It is punished by having its mouth made crooked. Cf.Type221.
In some Asian variar-'
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt1907lf.Il,252f.,IlI,24f.,IY,192-197;BP IIl,284f.; smaller animai hangs or-. :
EM 4 (1984) 1373L (H. Lixfeld); Dekker et aI. t997,189-191; Uther 2001.
Finnish: Aarne L9L2a, No. 117; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Livonian:Loorlts 1926) Combinations:9, 9A.
Lithuanian: Basanaviöius/Aleksynas 1993f., Nos. 1.,28,200; Norwegian: Hodne Remarks: Documented in a Germ::
1984, 182 No. 117; Irish: O Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; Dutch: Kooi 2003, No. Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1!
103; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Kooi/Schuster 1993, No.211; German: Tomkowiak 1993, 139-341, 350-354; Anderson 192ii: .
243, Grimm KHM/Uther L996IIl, No. 172, Hubrich-Messow 2000, Berger 2001; i97B; Schwarzbaum 1979,45 No. --
Yakut: Ergis 1967, No. 63; Chinese: TingL978; Brazilian: Cascudo 1,955a,375ff . \o. 197; Dekker et al. 7997, 155-1 ::
Finnish: Rausmaa 19\2ff . V, No. I . -
253 The Fish in the Net. (Including the previous Type 253*.) The little fish
Loorits 1926, No. 2754; Latvian: j.:
:.elyte 1999ff. I, No. 275; Lappish. ;'.
slip through the mesh; the big ones are caught [L331].
ir.rjanian: R6dei 1978, No. 220; 5r...
-,r-egian: Hodne 1984, No. 275;In>':'
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965, 479 No. 282).
French: Delarue / Tendze l964ff. IlI
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 1979, L66 not. 6. ,: (.1966) 46Bf ., Camarena / Cheval i e :
Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff. V No. 203; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff.I; Lappish:
175; Basque: Camarena / Chevalie:
Bartens 2003, No. 17; Rumanian: cf. Schullerus1928, No.254*; Ukrainian: SUS.
\o. 275; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Ntr -
1999a, No. 2; Walloon: Laport 1931
253* See Type 253. Hubrich-Messow 2000, Nos. 271. -
Serafini 1975, No. 275; Czech: Sjr,-
275 TheRacebetweenTzoo Animals (previously TheRace of theEox and l99lI. fi , No. 459; Slovene: Matiöet,r
the Crayfish). See Types 275A-275C,275C*. Cf. Types 1.03C*,221., \o. 54; Bulgarian: BFP, No. 275; Grec..
227 A, 2278, 250, 1,072, and 107 4.
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158 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 :FC 284

1962f.1, No.275; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, 102 No. 19; Russiarg Byelorussiary Ukrain- Grünberg / Huppeftz 1956, 17 1fi., H
ian: SUS, No. 275; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 4 (3); Yakut Doerfer 1983, Carvalho-Neto 1.966, No. 43; Perr.:
No. 57; Kazakh: Sidel'nikov 1958ff. I, 1.95t.; Kara-Kalpak: Reichl 1985, 16ff.; Egyptian, Algeriary Moroccan: E1-!
Tadzhik STF, Nos. 15, 53; Mongolian: L6rincz 1979, No. 275; Aranaic: Lidzbarski 35ff.; South African: Coetzee et a.
1896, No.9; Chinese: Ting1978, No.275; Korean: Choi1979, No.35; Cambodian: \{alagasy: Haring 1982, No. 2.3.1a,-
Gaudes 1987, Nos. t5, 19;Malaysian: Hambruch1922, No. 5; Indonesian: Kratz
1973, No.43; ]apanese: IkedaL971,, Nos.275, 2758, ct. No. 275C; US-American: 275A* See Type 275C.
Thompson 1919,441; AtricanAmerican: Baer 1980, 155; Mexican: Robe 1973, No.
275; Puerto Rican: Hansen 1957, No. 275*4; South American Indian: Koch- 275C* The Race ofFrog and Snt
Grünberg / Huppeftz 1956, 170ft.; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992, No. 275; Chilean: Pino cannot pass a gate on t1.re
Saavedra 1982 Nos. 17,20; Argentine: cf. Hansen 1952 No. **678; West-Indian: it.
Flowers 1953, No. 275;Gtinean: Klipple 1992 No. 27\;Benin:WekenonTokponto
2003,138fr.; EastAfrican: Arewa1966, No. 118O Klipple 1992 No.275; Sudanesq Literature/Variants: Dekker et al. -
Angolan: Klipple 1992, No. 275; South African: Coetzee et al. 1967, No. 285; Spanish: Gonzälez Sanz 1996; Car:
Malagasy : Haring 1 982, Nos. 2.3.27 5, 7 .27 5, Klipple 1992, N o. 27 5. rnenho/Soromenho 1984f. I, No. l-
1943, No. 275", Cox-Leick/Cor l:-
275C The Race between Hare and Hedgehog, (Including the previous Type Italian: Cirese / Seraf ini 7975.
275A..) The slower animal outwits the faster. The hedgehog (tor-
toise, mussel, snail) asks a relative (his wife) to wait at the other end 276 The Crab Walks Backi.r.,t
of the race course or several relatives are placed along the course. (mother) of a crab n-a:-,:,
The hare (fol; jackal) runs from one end to the other until he is com- child answers that the :-
pletely exhausted [K11.1]. Cf . Type 7074. rJ121.1).

Remarks: Published 1840 in northern Germany. Localized in Buxtehude and Remarks: Aesopic fable (Pern' 1l::
widely disseminated through L. Bechstein (eethstein/Uther 1997 I, No. 60). and Latin proverbs.
Sometimes combined with etiological legends. Literature/Variants: Pedersen i Htr :
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1907ff .ly, 48-22; Dähnhardt 1908, 1046;Bp lll, Schwarzbaum 1979, L not. 107; R.i:.:
339141., 343-350; Perry 1,965, 465 No. 226; Takehara L978; Schwarzbaum t979, Grubmüller 1982 No. 364; EM 8 (1;:
237;DickelGrubmüller 1982 No.256; Schindler 1993,26-29;Del<ker et aL.1997, Nos. H.211, M.80.
155-158; Ghosh 1999;E}L4: Wettlauf der Tiere (in prep.). Latvian: Aräjs / Medne L977 ; Lith:.,
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.V, No.205; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman |gl7f.I, No.23; 1993, No. 183; Spanish: Chevalier I -:
Estonian: Kippar 1984 No. 275A*;Lat:rian: Aräjs/Medne1977, No. 2754*; Lithu- 1an: Neugaard 7993, No. J1063.1 .
anian: Kerbelytö1999ff.I, No.275A*; Swedish: Liungman 1961, Nos. 275, 1074; Ztncgref lr{eidner III (1653) 219a
English: Briggs 1970f. AI,108f.; French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 295; Spanish: Cama- No.634, II, No.594, Vademecum IL
rena / Chevalier 1995 ff. I, No. 275D; Portuguese: Soromenho / Soromenh o 1984f. 222;Hungarian: MNK I; Czech: D-.
I, Nos. 38,93,94,96, Cardigos (forthcoming), No. 275D; Dutch: Kooi 2003, No. Krzyianowski 1962f . I, No. 271 :.
105; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, No. 275A*; Flemish: Meyer 1968, No. -J.074; German Penalosa 1,992; Central African: L.r:-
Ranke 1966, No. 1O Tomkowiak 1993,217, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996111, No. 182
Hubrich-Messow 2000, Nos. 275, 275A;Italian Cirese/Serafini1975, No. 2754*; 276** See §pe 282C..
Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978, No. 1074; Hungarian: MNK I, No. 275A*; Slovene:
Flere 1931, 152ff.; Greek Megas 1978, No. 275A*; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I, 277
No.275; Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS, No. 275A*; Turkish: Spies1967, No.38;
The King of the Frogs. \\':
king, he throws a log int,-.
Gypsy:7MNK X 1, No. 275A*; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, No. 31; Buryat: Lörincz
,1979,No.275E*;Tuva:TaubeL978, No. 7; Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 19; Iranian: a crane (stork, snake) tt :
Lorimer/Lorimer 191.9, No. 46; Burmese: Htin Aung 1954,3I.,Esche 1976, 436ff.; regret that they were nc:
Cambodian: Sacher 1979,91.ff.; Malaysian: Hambruch 1922, Nos. 6, 18; Micro- Type 231"*.
nesian: Mitchell 1973, No. 11; North American Indian: Bierhorst 1995, No. 193;
African American: Baer 1980, 44f .; llr4ayan: Laughlin 1,977, 44ff ., 340f., 3771.; Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 196i
Cuban, Puerto Rican: Hansen1957, No. 275*A; South American Indian: Koch- Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1 90 ::
1961f.II, No. 54; Tubach 1969, Nos. lr
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160 Hans-förg Uther FFC284 FFC284

L979, 141-152, 523;Dicke I Grubmüller 1982 No. 162;EM5 (1987) 408410 (R. W. 1971, No.54, Tomkowiak 1993, 21a
Brednich); Adrados 1999ff . III, Nos. H. 44, M. 375, S. 260; cf . Marzolph/Van 3125; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Meg.r.
Leeuwen 2004, No. 243. 180; Afghan: Lebedev 7986,212i:
Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff. V No.206; Estonian: Kippar 1986;Latvian: Aräjsl hrdonesian: Vries 1925f. I, No. -11: l.
Medne L977;Llthuaruan: Kerbelyt6 1999ff.I; Irish: Ö Sriitteabhain/Christiansen
1963, No. 277*;French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 228; Spanish: Chevalier 1983,No.27, 278A The Erog Persists in Li.'ri;
Goldberg 1998, No. 1643.1.; Dutch: Schippers 1995, No. 171; Flemish: Meyere
advice of another fros ..
1925ff . y, No. 320; German: Rehermann 1977, 134f ., 27 2 N o. 2Z Tomkowi ak 1993,
210; Hungarian: MNK I, Dömötör 1992, No. 374;Czech: Dvoiäk 1978,No.2221.; U6s2.1, cf. J106a.11.
jewish: Noy 1976; Malagasy: Haring 1982, No. 2.4.277.
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr' 1r:
Literature/Variants: Dicke t Gru':-.'
277 A The Frog Tries in Vain to be as Big as the Ox. He puffs himself up
Tomkor'r,'iak).
until he bursts [J955.1]. Cf.Type 228. French: cf. Cifarelli 1993, No.2l, :-
i,erg 1998, No. i1064; Portugue.e
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,488 No. 376). S69; Creek: Megas 1978; Ceorg.,:r-
Literature/Variants: Pedersen/Holbek 1961f. II, No. 73; Tubach 1969,No.2219; Bsdker 1957a, No. 1025; Japane.. .
Schwarzbaum 1979,L62not.15; Hall 1979;DickelGrubmüller 1982 No. 168; EM Penalosa 1992.
5 (1987) 40L404 (I. Tomkowiak); Adrados 1999ff .Iil, Nos. M. 374, not-H.273, not-
H.308.
Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff.V, No.206; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I, No.43;
278A* Frogs Decide Not to ltur':'
Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne t977;Lithuantan: Kerbelytö 1999ff. the frogs consider jL1n.,:-

I; Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen L974;French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 221;Spanish: may also drv up anc-i ti-.
Chevalier 1983, No.28, Goldberg 1998, No. J955.1; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No.
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Pern l':
1955.1,; Portuguese: Martinez 1955, No. 1955.1.; Dutch: Schippers 1995, No. 175;
Frisian: Kooi 1984a; German: Moser-Rath 1964, No. 53, Tomkowi ak 1993, 211; Literature/Variants : Dicke / Crr,r'L- ::-
Italian: Cirese/Serafirul975; Hungarian: MNKI, Dömötör 1992, No. 373;Czech: Latvian: Aräjs/Medne L977; F ri .

Dvoiäk 1978, No. 2219;STovene: Kosi 1894, 107f.; Serbian: Öajkanovi6 1929, No. Serafini 1975.
17;Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas t978;Ukainian: SUS; Ossetian: Christensen
1921, No. 2; Siberian: Radloff 1866ff . l, 2l5f .; Indian: Bodker 1957a, No. 848; 278C* See 150.4*.
Chinese: Ttng1978,No.277A, cf.No.277*; Filipino: Wrigglesworthlgg3, No.46;
]apanese: keda1971,,Inadaf Ozawa1977ff.; French-American: Ancelet 1994, No. 279* The Snake Trying to Stl,-,
14; African American: Dorson 1962 No. 21,2; Mexican: Robe 1973; llidayan: self Out. A snake ar-Lr-l .'
Peflalosa 1992;East African: Klipple 1992,380; Ethiopian: Müller 1992, No. 38. surrounds the crab tor. c .

snake straightens itselr

278 TheFrog andtheMouseTiedTogether(previousiy Rat andFrcgTie
u10s3l.
Paws Together to Cross Marsh). Afrog (toad) ties its feet to those of
a mouse in order to cross a lake (marsh). On the way, the frog almost Remarks: Aesopic fable (Pern- 1:-
drowns the mouse. A falcon carries them off and eats them both Literature/Variants: Megas 196C: : - -
l999fi.II- '
1J681.11. Cf. Types 78,78A. 1987, No. 365; Adrados
French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 469, C:..
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,4901. No. 384).
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff. lI, 123 No. 117; Clark 1912; Pedersen/ 280 The Ant Carries a LoLlLi
Holbek 1961f.II, Nos. 29,35; Tubach 1969, No. 3425;Schwarzbaurn1979,iv,6-9; (bear) have a contest tLr :
Pope1979; Dicke/GrubmiJrllerL987, No. 167;Adrados 1999ff. III, Nos. H.302, M. thernselves up into a tl.:
312;EM: Tiere aneinandergebunden (in prep.). Often combined rr-1i:-
Finnish: Rausmaa 1.982tf. V, No.207; Estonian: Kippar 1986;Latvian: Aräjs/
lays its eggs in March. -,'
Medne 1,977;French: Cifarelli 1993, No.221; Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. J681.1;
Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. 1681,.1,; Portuguese: Martinez 1955, No. 1681.1;
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt I -
Dutch: Schippers 1995, No. 173; German: Moser-Rath 1964, No.224, Neumann
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff . V Nos. -
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762 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 :',C284

Aleksynas 1974, No. 21; Polish: Krzyzanor,r,ski 7962f .I; Byelorussian, Ukrainian: Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaunr -
SUS. l15; Dicke/Grubmüller, Nos. 151 ,
: jr.rnish: Rausmaa 7982ff. V No. l
2804 TheAnt and the Cricket (previously The Ant and the Lazy Cricket). Latvian: Aräjs / Medne 7977 ; F r en c':
During the summer, an ant collects food for the winter while a \o. J953.10.1.1*; Rumanian: Schul..
cricket (grasshopper) sings. In the winter, the cricket asks for food lE1A.; Russian, Byelorussian, Lk:
from the ant, but it refuses to help and advises the cricket to dance Georgian: cf. Kurdovanidze 20t
h.rdian: Bodker 1957a, Nos. 859, :. -
11711,.11.
\iies 1925f. II, 405 No. 136.
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,443 No. 112).
Literature/Variants: Chauvin t892ff. III, 58 No. 19; Seemann 1,923, 103-122; 281A* See Type 281.
Pauli/Bolte 1924II, No. 845; Wesselski 1936b, 180-132; Anhegger 1949;Peder-
sen/Holbek 196lI.L No. 110; Schwarzbaum 1968,463; P6rivier 1969;schwarz- 282A* The Flea and the Fly. tI' :
bal;m1979,101-106; Dicke/GrubmüL\er1987, No.35, cf. No.60; Kruse 1990; EM insects (often an insect ::.
6 (1990) 161f. (S. Vida); Adrad os 1999ff . III, Nos. H. 114, M. 463. gout, also with spider .::-
Finnish: Rausmaa 19821f. V No. 210; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs/ and complain about tire::
Medne |977;Llthtaruan: Kerbelytö 19991f.I; Lappish: Kohl-Larsen 1975, 180f.; (with poor people) anri : -
Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Irish: Ö
switch places and are c::-
Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963, No. 249;French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 214, cf. No.
43; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier l995fI.I, GonzälezSanz1996, Goldberg 1998,
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr. 1-::
No. J711.1; Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 1.995ff.I; Catalan: Oriot/Pujol 2003;
\-itry, Serntones uul,gares (Jacques i:
Portuguese: Soromenho/Soromenho 19841.1, Nos.4,5, Cardigos (forthcoming);
Literature/Variants: ZfVk. 15 (190 a
Dutch: Tinneveld 1976, No. 208, Schippers 1995, Nos. 182 372; Flemish: Meyer
1080; Schwarzbaum 1979,527i., a:
1 968; German: Rehermann 1977, 135, 269 No. 20, Tomkowi ak L993, 2O2f
; ltalian
.
Crubmüller 1987, No. 137.
Cirese / Serafiru 1975; Hungarian: MNK I, Dömötör 1992 No. 431; Czech:Dvoiäk
1978, No. 261*; Slovene: Matiöetov 1973, No. 47;Serbian:KaradLi( 1959, No. 153;
Estonian: Kippar 1986, Nos.282A- :
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1,99911.1\- -.
Croatian: Bo§kovi6-Stullit959, No.4; Rumanian: Stroescu 196911, No. 5080; Bul-
Portuguese : Soromenho / Sorome:r :-
garian: BFP; Greek: Megas 1978; Ukrainian: SUS; jewish: lason1975, Noy 1976;
293F*; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, No. l>:.
Ossetian: Christensen 1921, No. 11; Tadzhik STF, No. 240; Georgian: Kurdovanidze
\'Vossidlo/Henßen1957, No. 23, l'1, .
2000; Cambodian: Neverm ann 1956, 160; New Zealand: Kirtley 197 I, No. 1711.1;
Hungarian: MNK I, Nos.2874*, li-:
North American Indian: Thompson 1919, 451; French-American: Ancelet 1994,
No. 15; Spanish-American: Robe L973; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992; Moroccan: El- ]ech 1984, No. 8; Slovakian: Gai:,-
1q28, No. 287*; Bulgarian: BFP \, -
Shamy 2004; Guinean: Klipple 1992, No. 249;EastAfrican: Klipple 1992;Congo-
Krzy2anowski 7962f . l, No. 299; Ru..
lese: Klipple 1992, No. 249.
Benzel 7963,37ff .; Mordvinian: P..r:.-

28'1, MiscellaneousTales of Gnats (previously The Gnats andtheHorse).

2828* Conztersation of Ely anLl f
(Including the previous Type 281,4.-.) This type exists chiefly in four .:-
The flea is hunchbacke.l
different forms:
on the sleeping man. Th.
(1) Gnats want to killa horse. When it rolls over, they think they
much over man's unsr-raa.
have thrown him [J953.6].
(2) Some gnats apologize for landing on bull's horns. But the bull
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1..
did not feel their weight [1953.10]. Estonian: Kippar 1986; Lithuaniar: :

(3) Gnats defeat a lion but are killed in a spider web lL478l. Burger 1993,746; Hungarian: M,\K
(4) A man camot chase a buffalo away from a mud hole. A gnat garian: BFP; Russian, Ukrainiar.r: S'-
succeeds [L315.6]. (Previously Type 281,{..)
282C* The Louse Inztites the F I t ,
Remarks: The second and the third forms are Aesopic fables (peruy 196b,448 No. Iouse invites a flea to spt,:-
137,473 No. 255). son and jumps away. Tir.
/asnol aLI] spurJ /paq srq sallrreas radaals aLII '.{e,l,re sdtun[ pue uos
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761 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

and kills it 112137 .1,1. Sometimes the flea and the bedbugs are killed 7977 ;Lithttatt:zLn: Kerbelytö l999li. i
too. Cf. Types 282A.,2828",283. Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS.

Remarks: Indian and Arabian origin,e.g,. Hitopade§a (III, No. 4b) and Kalila and 283D* The Spider Laughs at tht
Dimna. Documented in Europe by John of Capua, Directorium humanae t;itae (Il,I2) worm replies that his rr't
in the 13th century. worthless. Cf. Type 13,
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff . II, 89 No. 27, 1,97, No. 29; Schwarzbaum
1964,194;Kooi1979a,76f ;Dicke lGrubmüIler 1982 No. 371.;EMB (1996)793-795 Literature/Variants : Schwarzbau :
(H.-J. Uther); cf. Marzolph/Van Leeuwen2004, No. 52.
cf. Adrados 1999ff.lfi, No. S. 33.-
Finrrish: Rausmaa l982ff.y, No. 212; Estonian: Kippar 1986; Lithuanian: Kerbe- Latvian: Arä1's / Medne L977 ; Dutc :
lytö1999ff.I; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925, No. 276**;French: Cifarelli 1993,No.419; a. St. Clara, Huy und Pfuy $7A, -
Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. 121.37.1; Hungarian: MNK I; Czech: DvoiäkL978, a rchive), Tomkowiak 1993, 22o.
No.2088*; Mongolian: Llrincz 1979, No. 282D*; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004, Nos.
276**,282C*; Indian: Bodker 1957a, No.895, Thompson/Balys 1958, No. J21,37.1;
Chinese: Ting 1.97 8 ; E gyptian: El-Shamy 200 4, N o. 27 6* * .
283H* The Dungbeetle Keeps L
flies up into the skv arr.r
282D* causes Zeus to shake 1-.-,
The Louse and the Elea Spend Night in Woman's Backside and Va-
gina.The next morning they tell each other what happened to them.
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrv i -:
The woman had sexual intercourse.
Literature/Variants: Pedersen ll-
Dicke/Grubmüller 1987, No. L
Literature/Variants: Legman 1968f. I, 5841., II,320; Gaigneb et 1974, 174-176.
Spanish: Goldberg ,r99, 56. L,l1:
Estonian: Kippar 1986, No. 2768; Norwegian: Hodne 1.984,346f.; French: Hoff-
lnann1,973; Dutch: Meder/Bakker 2001., No. 123; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish:
Loots 1985,41ff.; German: Heckscher/Simon 1980ff. I1,1,289f.; Greek Nicolaidös
285 The Child andthe Snakt
1906, No.25, Orso 1979, No. 277;Rttssian: Hoffmann 1973;IJkrainian: SUS, No. the mother sees this, ih,-
113C**; Mayan: Laughlin 1977,76. the child becomes i11 ar-

283 The Spider andtheFly(previously SpiderlnvitesFly to Rest onher Combinations 285 A, 672.
Remarks: Documented in 1519 l
Curtain). (Including the previous Type 283A*.) This tale exists
Literature/Variants: BP II, ;159 =':
chiefly in two different forms:
Scherf); Schmidt 1999.
(1) A spider invites a fly (wasp) to rest on her " c:utain" . But it is
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tf . V \t.
really her web and she eats the fly [K815.2]. anian: Kerbelytö l999lI. IV (forth: -
(2) A spider catches many flies and releases one of them so that English: Baughman 1966; Frisia:^
it can tell the others that the spider is harmless. But when more II, 305, Tomkowiak 1993, 241,Lii':^ .

insects come to the spider's web, the spider eats them. II, No. 105, Hubrich-Messou'l
Tegerlehner 1913,268 No. 19, Biir:'
Literature/Variants : Tubach 19 69, Nos. 4569, 457 1 ; Schw ar zb aum 192 9, 529 f . 785f.; Austrian: Depiny 1932,5t: "
Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. K81,5.2; German: Nimtz-Wendlandt1.96t, No.41; Cire>e /Serafini 1975; Hungar
Greek: Megas 1978; Russian: Afanas'ev/Barag et al. 19841.I, No. 85. vakian: GaSpar(kovä 1991f. II, \.
Treimer 1945,56f .; Sorbian: Ne.lr
283A* See Type 283. X 1; Dagestan: Chalilov 1965, \; '
-\merican: Baughman 1966; Äir', :.,
2838* Jndian: Flowers 1953; Namibian :
The House of the Fly. Fly, mouse, hare, fox, and wolf gather in a
mitten (skull). A bear sits down on the mitten and crushes all of
them. 285A The Man and the Worut,
the Snake's Tall). (InclL.;
Literature/Variants: milk and brings luck :
Finnish : Rausmaa 19 82ff . Y, 228; E stonian: Kippar 1986; Latv ian: Aräj s / Medne Someone kills (injure.
 eupa1,17 s[ery :uerl]€T 19961 ;,. --. -
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'(ploqasnoq) uer.u e ot ([I'r'0 €0Ig] .{auor.u; pn1 sBurrq pue Ilrtu
pal sr a1eus V ('OESZ ad,{1 snor,ra.rd aql StrpnpuD '(lryI s,a4aus a4l
puD ptltD paae aqt.{lsnor.tard) »laus papunohl a4t puv uaI,N a4l VgS;
JO IIe SaL[SnJf, pu€ ual]rur .'!.1 --
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sndo runrLouuas
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'
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'(g 'oN ZZt'9961,fur44) alqey rrdosay :särpuray
'uraql o+ pauaddeq leqr\ raqo rlrei
'[t'Sttl] s33a aqt >iearq pue uorde srq a>1er{s ot snaz sasner -aA pua apls1cag s,uauto1yl ur 7q
a1]aaq8unp aq1 'de1 s,snaz uo s33a aqt s,(e1 pue {1s aql olur dn sarg
'**9lz'o-\'ha
a13ea aql dlpurg 's337 s,a73n7 8wrto4saq sdaay apaaclSunq at11 *H€82 ll 7g17I'oN'Bq6 I sdpg / uosdrnoql
'soN '1002 dureqglg :uerr,is 1rq;q:
'
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Lupllerqy :ueurraD igl€ 'oN '9661 sraddrqrs :LIrlnC lU6I aupalN lslery :uer,l1e1 -aqra» :ueruenl-lll-I 19961
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'29'o\'h-r:
/
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96t-€,6t (SO0r) e rNs lut'oN',186tr r
.
rrrneqzremll)S 162 'oN '16I ,lZ "a\
6y ad,{,7.JJ'ssapllrom
sr raprds aqi Jo ]eq] searaLlm /alqenle^ turo.u
sr )ro.,ra srLI ler-ll sarldar (ZL'T1) )ü dau a w n n r n panq .en
In 4w i
-)lls aqJ ',{1,,rao1s os 8urryo.u ßI wnm1ps aqq sq8na1
p npdg aq1 *CISBZ pua allü» pue (qü 'oN ,IID aiaprl-:::
'SIIS :uerure1111'uerssn.ro1a.{g
'uurssnu :'ilgOt'gtOt raJropurapoy{:aua^ols :l'llOOA a1.{1aqra; )reuenprai116l pallD{ are s8nqpaq aqt pue eag ar{+
99r saleJ Ieurruv TBZ)i.J, 782 lCg
166 Hans-]örg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

greed) and thereafter the snake brings bad luck [8335.1]. Cf. Type 285A* The Adder Poisons tlte t
1568". thrown away her eggs. .

Often the man tries to conciliate the snake (bird). It refuses be- upsets the pot with t1-re '-
cause the pain it suffered cannot be forgiven [I15, W185.6]. Cf. Type
159B. Literature/Variants: Schwarzb atL ::-
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Liir .
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry L965,429t. No. 51). Second part documented in Bulgarian: BFP; Polish: KrzYzarrr'
the Indian Paficatantra (IIl,5). Tason 1965, Noy 1976, ]ason 19::
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892f1.II, 94 No. 43, -1.02 No. 62, 192 No. 8, III, 66 Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004.
No.22;BPII,461,f.;Waugh1960;Pedersen/Holbek1961f. II,No.63;\tbach1969,
No. 4251; Schwarzbaum 1,979,1,23-1,37; EM 4 (1984) 982-991(C. Lindahl); Stohl- 2858* The Snake Stays in tltt )
mann 1985, t39-1.42;Dicke/ Grubmüller 1982 No. 410; Marzolph 1992II, No. 418; out of Man's Stomaclt l
cf. Scherf 199511,1398-1401; Adrados 1999ff.III, Nos. H.5L,M.426.
mouth open. A snake .:
French: Cifarelli 1993, Nos. 257,470; Spanish: Goldberg 199& Nos. 1L5,W1,85.6;
sick.
Catalan: Neugaard 1995, No. 8335.1; Dutch: Schippers 1995, No. 238; German:
In some variants tht .
Uther 1990a" No. 44; Italian: Cirese/Serafirul97l; Hungarian: MNK I, No.285D,
Bihari 1980, No. M I.1; Czech: Klimovä 1966, No. 1, Dvoiäk 1978, No. 4251;Ser- times the snake is entr..
bian: KaradZi{937,281No. 16, Eschker 1992 No.56; Macedonian: Eschker 1972, 2.1.1, cf .8784.2.1.). C: .
No. 19; Bulgarian: BFR No. 285D; Albanian: Dozon 1881, No. 17; Greek: Megas
1978, No. 285D; Polish: Coleman L965,65; Ilkrainian: SUS, Nos. 285,2854; Turk- Remarks: Indian origin.
ish: Eberhard f Boratav 1953, No. 49; ]ewish: Noy 1963a, No. 3Z Habotchal992, Literature/Variants: Schwa rzh a.-. ::-
No. 285*D; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Dagestan: Chalilov 1965, No. 85; Tirrkmen: Stebleva II, 1389-1391; Schmidt 1999.
1969, No. 18; Tadzhik STF, No. 106; Syrian: Nowak 1969, No. 203, El-Shamy 200{ Finnish: )auhiainen 1998, No. Qr
No. 285D; Lebanese: El-Shamy 2004, No. 285D; Aramaic: Lidzbarski 1896, No. 6; \4acDonald 1994, No. 85; Irish: --
Iranian: Marzolph 1984, No. 285D; Indian: Bsdker 1957a, Nos. 220-222,226; 1966, O'Suilivan1.966, No.7; Er':
Egyptian: Fadel-1979, No. 15, El-Shamy 2004 No. 285D. Chevalier l995ff . I; Catalan: Ori.'.
329, Cardigos (forthcoming); D.-.. -
2858 Falling Nut Saaes Man f'rom Snake. A farmer sleeps under a tree and 131, Kooi 1994, No. 152; Ger r.r.r;:-
2001, Nos. 2858*, 285B**; Itali.l'.
a snake is about to crawl into his mouth. A nut drops from the tree
79621.I, No. 286; US-Americ.l:, :
and wakens the farmel, who kills the snake and eats the nut [N652].
(1926) 62; Iraqi, Persian Gulf, Q;:-:
Cf. Type 2858*.
Egyptian, Algerian: El-Shamr'1. =
El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese: El-Si'.: -
Literature/Variants:
Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.I; Algerian:
Basset 1887, No. 18, El-Shamy 2004.
2888* The Oaer-Hasty ToLtd '

some steps. On the 1a.:

285D Types 2888** ,2039.
See Type 2854.

285E The Snake Tries to Bite on a File. A snake (weasel) bites a sharp
Remarks: Exemplification of a :
waste).
metal file and injures its mouttr, but the animal thinks that the file Literature/Variants: EM 3 (19Si ,
shed the blood []552.31. Latvian: Aräjs/ Medne 1q77: I t'.'
Spanish: Camarena / Chevalier - -
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,431No. 59,439 No. 93). veira 1900ff. II, No.329, Vascr,r-:
Literature/Variants: Pedersen/Holbek 1961f.I1, No. 85; Dicke lGrubmnller 1987, Cardigos (forthcoming); Gern.rar-
Nos.436, 589; Powell 1990. 1996 lll, No. 184, cf. No. 164; ir-,
French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 472;Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. 1552.3; Catalan: Chircop 1,97 8; Bulgarian : BFP; L i.:
Neugaard 1993, No. 1552.3; Portuguese: Martinez 1955, No. 1552.3. 32; West Indies: Flowers 1953, lS:
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' :
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-aq sasnJar lI '(prlq) a{Eus arl} a}er
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168 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC284 FFC 284

2888** Eestina Lente (Haste Makes Waste). A man asks the way to the next 1957, No. "*284;Brazllian: Rome:,
town and is advised not to hurry. When he hurries all the same, a 1953; Nigerian: Schild 1975, Nc.. ::
wheel breaks or his horse is injured [L148.1]. Cf.Type2039.
292 The Donkey Tries to Gtt
Remarks: Popular as a proverbial phrase. what it eats to get suci'
Literature/Variants: Pauli/Bolte 1924 I, No. 2SS; cf. Tubach 1969, No. g77;EM3 eats only dew and sta:-
(1981) 1182f. (E. Moser-Rath).
Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. L148.1.; German: Selk1949, No. 109, Debus 1951, Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr- 1:':
260ff., Henßen 1,957, No. 108. Literature/Variants: Schwarzba -r :
Hungarian: MNK I; Creek: Nleg-:.
288C* The Deliberate Turtle. Atsrtle is sent by animals to ask God for rain.
After two months, the animals go in search of him. When they speak 293 The Debate of the Bellt
ill of him, he raises his head from under a rock and rebukei them. belll' of being laz,v arrd :
in so doing, they han:r ,.
Literature/Variants: other [i461.1].
Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier l995tf.I, Rio Cabrera/P6rez Bautista 1998, Nos.
There are variant.
54,65;Ukrainian: SUS; Puerto Rican: Hansen1957, No. *288**D.
.

house and stone (Serbr-:'

1965, No. 134).
289 ABat, a Dioer, anil d Thoflrbush Shipzorecked. Abat, a thornbush
and a diving bird want to be business partners. The bat lends money, Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr'
the thornbush puts on clothes, and the diving bird brings leather. Ail
-:
1onia.
are shipwrecked, but survive. Since then the diving bird has been Literature/Variants: Cf. Chatrr-r:: -
looking in the water for his lealher. The thornbush has been looking 399; Nestle 1927; Gombel 1931: l-
for its clothes and holds tightly to everyone who passes by. The bat Schwarzbaum 1968, 356f.; TLr':.::
appears only at night to escape its creditors [A2225.5.3, cf. A2471,.4, Schwarzbaum 1979, x, xliv not. : :
A2491.11. EM 8 (1996) 14tB-7422 (D. Peil : -.
Estonian: Kippar 1986; LithuarLi.: :-
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,453 No. 171) explaining the characteristics 1984; French: Cifarelli 1993, No. l: -
of animals and objects. Neugaard 1993, Nos. 1461.1,'121..:
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt lg\Zff. ly, 273f.; Schwarzbaum L964, 1,94; Dutch: Schippers 1995, No. o- -
Schwarzbaum 1979,148 not. 18, 228f .;Dicke lGrubmüller 1987, Nos. 1.45, 146; Tomkowiak 1993, 225; Italiar.r: Cr :: .
Adrados 1999ff.III, No. H.181. 1992, No. 397; Czech: Dvoiäk - - -
E_stonian: Kippar L986;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 197g, Öajkanoviö 1929, No. 22; Rus>-,,:-
No. 13; French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 106; Dutch: Schippers 1995, No.409; ilerman: Ceorgian: Kurdovanidze 2000, \
Tomkowiak 1993, 208; Hungarian: MNK I; Slovene: Matiöetov 1978, 46ff.; Trng 1978, Nos. 293, 293 A, 2938 :''.'
Abkhaz: BgaLb a 1959, 177 N o. 33; US-American: MacDon ald 1982, No. 42275.5.3; Vries 1925f. II, 405 No. 139; Japa;-.
Spanish-American: TFSP 12 (1935) t9f.; South American Indian: Wilbert/ TFSP22 (1949)108; Egyptian: E.-
Simoneau 1992 No. A249t.L Ethiopian: Mü1ler 1992, No. 1t': l.

291. Deceptioe Tug-of-War. A small animal (rabbit, tortoise) challenges 2938* The MushroomRetiles :
two large animals (elephant, hippopotamus, whale) to a tug-of-war days the mushroonr .
and arranges it so that they unwittingly pull against each other (one
end of the rope is tied to a tree) [K22]. Literature/Variants:
Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: -,
Literature/Variants: Schmidt 1999. 179f ., Kerbelytö 1999fl. IV (forthcr
Indian: Bodker 1957a, Nos. 404,405; English-Canadian: Fauset1931, No.43; cf. BFP, No. *2978*; Byelorus>ia:'
African American: Harris 1.955, 83ff.; Mexican: Robe 1973; South American
Indian: Karlinger/Freitas1977, No.28; Mayan: peflalosa l992;peruvian: Hansen 293C* The Flies in the Countt
Associates). At a mee: :
'leql des (erssn;r4 uory saq;) sarlJ umol Surlaaru e ]y '(sarynossv
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'[rc>
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'EIUO-
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'dauour spual +eq aql .srar.4red ssal
qsnquroql e 'leq V .pa4catmdrq5
'(ret 'ox'sqot
d;ra4/snrrqeg) aleus e Jo Ire] pue peaq ro (uerq;rag) auols pu€ asnoll .CI**ggZ* .oN
'3'a 'sluauoddo luara;;rp qlpr adft srlll Jo slu€rrpÄ are arar{I 296I r.I;
'soN '966I ElsrlnEg zargd/prarqsl
.II.I9tl] raqto
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1nq pooJ aLI] .{rre) o} asnJar daql 'snouo11n13 pue dzel Suraq;o dlaq 'uraql sa>Inqar puE
{JoJ e rapun {
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nrs
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-
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t tNE:tlg 'oN ,696t q)eqnl .p :g§;
,(a1uop ar-lf ',,ru.ap,, sr ramsue aLIJ'arro^ e LIJns ]aB ol slea ]l leL{,\{
ta>lrrrr e slse daluop V 'arpy s,p)ptt) u lag 07 saua liaquog a1a Z6Z
' .h.8?rtl par
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sra,\{olC :salpul tsaM l JJlgg 'ü96I opnrsp]/orauo}I :r-r€rlrzErg ltgz** 'oN '196I lxau aq] o1 derra. aq] qse ueru11 1a#
69r salel [ELUrLrv t8z lJc ,82 f,dc
 170 _ Hans-Iörg Uther FFC284 FFC 284

when they fall into the food, they are lifted out with a silver spoon Literature/Variants: Scherf 199a I -
and licked off. The country flies (flies from Lithuania) say that they Alder).
are thrown away with the contents of the spoory and always havL Estonian: Kippar 1986, Nos. 2q--
enough to eat. Fabre/Lacrolx 1.973f. II, No. , I :
Cabrera/P6rez Bautista 1998, \.
Literature/Variants: Catalan: Oriol / Pujol 2003; Porl: .
Finnish: Rausmaa 1,982f1. V No. 216; Lithuanian: Cappeller 1924, No. 5, Basa- 195, Ca rd igos ( [orthcom ing r: D
naviöius/Aleksynas L993f.rr, No.8Z Kerbelytö 1999{f .iv (forthcoming); Mord- Ortoli 1883,3ff., Massignon 19r-l
vinian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Syrian, Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004. garian: C6czi7989, No.55; Run,:.-
*294A,
294, "2918, *2948*; Cree. :
293D* The Hops and the Turnips Quarrel. Hops (bean) and turnip (onion)
insult each other. Later they are reconciled and compliment each 295 The Bean (Mouse), tlre j .

other. Cf. Type 239E*. Ti,pe 20344.) A piece ,-,

stove. A bean esca!.e.
Literature/Variants: journey. When ther :--,
Estonian: Kippar 1986; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne t977; Norwegian: Hodne 19g4; bridge. The coal bu i" -
spanistr, Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 199sff.r;Bulgarian: gpB rrtrainian: sus. and drown. The bean -,,
the bean togethel, ar-r.i ..-
293E* The Grains Talk with one Aruother. The barley (corn) would like to 42741.1, 42793.1, Z] -
go where gold can be found. The wheat answers that it itself is gold.
In some variants the grains insult and praise each other. Cf. Type Combinations: 2034.
293D*. Remarks: Documented in the 1l::-
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt, :
Literature/Variants: 1931,170-114; Dicke / Grubmti I 1." r .

Estonian: Kippar 1986;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977;spanish, Basque: Camarena/ 1999;EM Strohhalm, Kohle r,rr,; :
Chevalier 1995ff.I; Portuguese: Cardigos (forthcomäg); Burgarän: BFp; Greek: Finnish: Rausmaa 7982ff. \', \,.- -
Megas 1978; Russian: SUS. Medne |977;Livonian, Syrjaniar' :
sen 1896, No. 27; Faeroese: \-, :--:
293F* See 282A*. Spanish: Camarena 7 Cheva)i.-
Sinninghe 1943, No.295, cf. \o l
No. 210; Flemish: Meyer 1968, Li
293G*
,

ltlHedgehoq, the Shilling, and the Gentleman.Ahedgehog finds a Kooi / Schuster 1994, No. 25E, C r:::- -.
shilling whicha young gentleman takes away from hi-. ft-,ä nuag"- 2000; Swiss: Sutermeister 1869 \
hog shouts at the mary "Because you have nothing, you took it awäy Decurtins 7\96ff. II, No.50, XI\ -
from me". The gentleman throws back the shilling. Then the hedge_ Dömötör 2001, 287; Slovakian: Pr.
hog shouts, "You gave it back to me because yo, ar" afraid', . Sloverrski gospodar 63 (1929)9 r-,:
Russiary Ukrainian: SUS; Gvpsr': \ li
Literature/Variants: lq74; Mordviniarr: cf . Paa'orrtr-
Latvian: Aräjs / Medne 197 7 ; Lithuanian: Kerbelyt ö 1999 ff . I; Russian: SUS. 7L;Tuva: cf. Taube 1978, No. lir '- ".
2000; Indian: Thompson /Robe::.
294 The Months and the seqsons. This miscellaneous type consists of 15; Japanese: lkeda1977,Irrad;r i
various tales with etiological explanations and symbolic actions, eroon: Kosack 2001, 466; Namii.,,.:
po'
(1) The months invite and threaten each other. 296 The Clay Pot and the Br
(2) Also variants about the question of which month is the best. in a river. The clav pot ..
The best answer, which is every month has its good characteristics, break [J425.1].
brings luck to the person who gives it. Cf. Type 4S0.
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Pern- 1-.:
Literature/Variants: Pedersen l-
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'(gZg 'oN BBf '996I ir;a4) a1qel rrdosay :s>IrEIuaI
'697 adll .rf .lI $
'[1'E77{] 1ea;q 's)rlsrral)ereqr pooB sll seq {luo
'+saq aq+ sr qluoru r{rrq^/\ Jo uoq=
pue auo Ielalu al{l olur durnq III,tt }1 prerJe sr 1od dep aLIJ Ja^rr p ur
JarDo qf,ea uelP
8r"rr1eog are
slod olv'I'laalü aUl u! +ocl ssatg aq+ puü lod rtu13 a41 96;
'000I 'oN 'II 6g6L lpILULltrS :Lr€rrrJV LItnoS/uEIqlupN 199f '1967 ryeso; :uoo:- 'suorloe cqoqruds pue suoqerrpl
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'oN'916I prpqraqg / prerlraqg :asauILIJ 1096I sgaqo5 / uosduoql :uerpul 166, -
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 772 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 lFC284

Schwarzbaum 1979,200-204; Dicke/Grubmüller 19gZ No. 559; EM: Töpfe,

er. He answers that h..
Irdene und eherne T. (in prep.).
French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 418; Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. J425.1; Catalan: protects him from ser e:
Neugaard 1993, No. 425.1;Portuguese: Martineztgis,No. |a25.i; German: sobel (2) Cold and n'inc1 r
1958, No. 11,; Czech Dvoiäk 1978, No. 3866.. opinion. The farmer ia
for this answer, but ti...
2978 The war of the Mushrooms. Amushroom summons all the mush- loose his harvest. (Pr.'.. -
rooms to war. All refuse except one kind of mushroom. (3) Cold and n'ini ;
comes the frost. (Prer
Literature/Variants:
Russiary l-Ikrainian: SUS; Chinese : Ting 1,97 8. Literature/Variants: Schn,arzb.'. -.
Barag).
298 The Contest of wind and sun.Bothtry to make a traveler take off his Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff. IiL )'
coat. when the wind blows violently, the traveler pulls his coat Hackman L917f.ll, No.210; Esti:-
Nos. 298-4*, 2988.; Lithuanian: Ke. :-
closer around him. The sun succeeds by its warmth tL3S1].
lq74; French: RTP I (IB87t 3l-
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,429 No. 46).
\{NK I; Rumanian: Birlea 196t ,,,
BFP; Kashubian: Seefried-Gulsi' "

Literature/variants: schwarzbaum 1964, L94; schwarzbaum 1979, 290-29s;

Dicke/Grubmüller 1987, No. 532; Adrados 1.9ggff.III, No. M.63; iM: streit ian: SUS; ]ewish: Jason 1965, \r -
zwischen Sonne und Wind (forthcoming).
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff._v,279;Estoniän: Kippar 'r.9g6;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 2988* See Type 298A".
1,977; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ft. I; Faeroeie: Nyman 1984; rris(: ö s:ütl-
leabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 4g0; spanish: Chevalier 298C* TheReedsBendbefore \"
1983, No. 3o Rio Cabrera/P6rez Bautista 1998, No. 70; Catalan:briol/pujol2003; is the stronger. The re;:
Frisian: Kooi 1984a; German: Moser-Rath 1964, No. 76, Tomkowiaktgdz,zzgf.; the wind, while the c,....
Italian: Cirese/serafini 1975; Hungarian: MNK I, Dömötör 2001,,29L; Czech: In some variant- .. ..'
Dvoiiäk 1978, No. 4672*;Slovene: Kosi 1894,62;Bulgarian: BFp, Nos. 2gg,"29gF"; future when the pine :-
P_olish: Krzyäanowskt 1962f. I; Byelorussian: Baräg 1966, 4g1, No. 94;
]ewish: places with the thorr':',.
Haboucha 1992; ossetian: Bjazyrov 195g, No. 33; uLbek: Afzalov et ai. il,as tt,
168; Indian: cf. Bodker 19574 No. 301, Jason 19g9; Indonesian: vries 1g2sf.\,403
Remarks: The first part is an -\;. -
No. 95, 405 No. 140; North American Indian: Bierhorst 1995,79.
Literature/Variants: Grart'i 1v - -
Pedersen/Holbek 1961f. II, Nr. ,,
2984 The Erostgod and His son.Two frosts agree to make a gentleman in 1389 (H. Stein); Schwarzbaun-r , -'
his fur coat and a farmer shiver. The gentteman sufferJgreatry from Adrados 1999ff .Iil, Nos. H. 2lv l
the frost. The other frost creeps intolhe farmer's old fär coat. The Latvian: Aräjs/ Medne 197, : lr,'
farmer takes it off in order to hew wood, and its fur is frozen hard. 1998, No. J832; Catalan: Neugaa:;
The farmer beats i! and so the frost also gets a thrashing. Cf. Type |832; Dutch: Schippers 1995, \i
71.. 1964, No. 145, Tomkowiak 1991 -
No. 511*; Jewish: Neuman 191-1 l
Literature/variants: schwarzbaum 1979,294;EM 5 (19s7) 43g487 (u. Masing). JB32; Chinese TingL978, Nos. l::
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.y, Nos. 219 2l9;Estorian: Kippar 1,9g6;La*ian: erais'l
Medne 1977;Lithttanian: Kerbelytö19g9ff.I; Karerian: Kecskem6ti/paunonen 299 The Mountain Gioes B:
197_4;Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.r, No.27g; Russian, Byerorussiary ukrainian: but gives birth onlr' tr, .
SUS; Cheremis / Mari: Kecskem6ti/ paunonen 1974.
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Pern. i':
298A* The Man Greets the wind. (Including the previous Types 29gB*, and Literature/Variants: Schlr,arzb:. -.

t097..) This tale exists chiefly in three different formi: Grubmü11er 1982 No. 56; Röhri;:-
(1) Suru frost (moon) and wind meet a farmer who greets French: Cifarelli 1993, Nos. 81, 1'
one of
them. They carmot decide who is being addressed and äk the farm-
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 FFC 28.1

TALES OF MAGIC 7966, Briggs 1970f . AI, 32911., 3)-. -:

No. 16;French: Delarue 1957; Sp....1-
Sanz 1996; Basque: Camarena t
SUPERNATURAL ADVERSARIES 3OO-399 Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. I \a
Sinninghe 1943; Frisian: Kooi 19:i.,
300 The Dragon-Slayer, A youth acquires (".g. by exchange) three 1968; Walloon: Legros 1.962; Cer -.- .
wonderful dogs 18421,8312.2). He comes to a town where people I, No. 60, Bechstein/Uther 199, -
are mourning and learns that once ayear a (seven-headed) dragon Nos. 59, 70; Ladinian: Decurtir-r: I i
Aprile 2000 I; Corsican: Ortoli i:>
[811.2.3.1] demands a virgin as a sacrifice [811.10, 5262]. In the cur-
Sardinian: Aprile 2000 I; Malt....
rent yea1, the king's daughter has been chosen to be sacrificed, and
Czech: Til1e 192911.1, 110f., 321fi :
the king offers her as aprize to her rescuer [T68.1]. The youth goes 103, 274, 276, 220, 234, 256, 261 :^'
to the appointed place. While waiting to fight wirh the dragory he 108, 410, 412, 437, 486,525,570; S. .
falls into a magic sleep [D1975], during which the princess twists a Milo§evid-Djordjeviö 1988, No l:
ring (ribbons) into his hair; only one of her falling tears can awaken 1928, Birlea 1966 I, l59fl., fi l
him [D1978.2]. Angelopouios / Brouskou 1999; Si,: :-
Together with his dogs, the youth overcomes the dragon [811.11, 7962f. I; Russian, Byelorussi;.:-
8524.1,.1,, R111.1.3].He strikes off the dragon's heads and cuts out the Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No,s. . I '.
tongues (keeps the teeth) [H105.1]. The youth promises the princess 215IV 1 (var. r), 220,284 (7-8); Te'
to come back in one year (three years) and goes off. Cypsy: Baughman 1966, Briggs -:-
An impostor (e.g. the coachman) takes the dragon's headq forces Blazyrov 1958, No. 38; Advgt.rr :.
Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti / Paur.,-- -
the princess to name him as her rescuer [K1933], and claims her as
271; Bwvat, Mongolian: Lörir,c:
his reward 1K1932). The princess asks her father to delay the wed- Lebanese, Palestinian, Jordaniar',,:
ding. just as the princess is about to marry the impostoq, the dragon- Grjunberg/Steblin-Kamensko., -
slayer returns. He sends his dogs to get some food from the king's Roberts lq60; Indian: Thomp., "-
table and is summoned to the wedding party [H151.2]. There the 55, 96; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osip-.
dragon-slayer proves he was the rescuer by showing the dragon's Bäcker 1988, No. 7; Korean: ci. L-:-
tongues (teeth) [H83, H105.1]. The impostor is condemned to dea*r, 7925t. L 405 No. 141; Japane.e
and the dragon-slayer marries the princess. Cf. Types 20L,303,9j.4, Canadian: Halpert/Widdou'sc:'
375,502,530, 554. Lanctot 1q23, \o. ll5, Lemierr '
VIII, No. 11, XI, No. 10, XlI, \r :
combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other American lndian: Thompr6l' -

types, esp. 301,302,303,304,314,314A,315,326,554,567,590, and alsoB27,327A, Spanish-American: TFSP 31 (1961

400,425C,465,502,505, 511A, 516,5168,530, 531, 550, 650Av 935,1115,1640, and Mexican: Robe 1973; Domir-ri..'
1,91,0. Alcoforado/Albän2001, No. l,- ,-
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 1899ff.I,57;Bp I, 52g-556,I1,22;Basset1,924fl. Colombian: Hansen 1957; !\'es: :

II, 333 No. 80; Ranke 1934b, 113-1.30; Christiansen-1959,240, 242; Levy L96g; 1923b I, No. 86; North Africar-r :
Schwarzbaum 1968, 90; Schwarzbaum 1980, 282; EM 3 (1981) ZB7-|2O &. Shamy 2004; East African: Are.,, ..

Röhrich); Scherf 1995 l, 57-62, 177-182, 201.-204, 261.-265, 419417 ,7SL-755,765- Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004; Cor.r:
768,II,1142-1145; Dekker etaL.1997,105-110; Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999; Hansen 116ff.; Namibian: Schmidt 1989 I-
2002, L19-130;MarzolphlYan Leeuwen 2004, No. 379.
Finnish: Rausmaa l982fl.I, Nos. 1,91; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. I, Nos. 300A The Fight ontheBridge
4Ba, 53(3), 103(12); Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1.926;Latvian: Aräjs / having eaten a (three i ::
Medne 1977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytö1,999ff.I; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925;Livoruan, she-dog (cow, mare, c;.:
Wepsian, Wotiary Lydian, Karelian, Syrjanian: Kecskem6ti/paunonen !974; 5.11. (Cf. Type 303.)T1:.
Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Grundtvig lg1Ltf.Iil,
lF601l.
83, Grundtvig 1876ff.I, No. 8, Holbek 1990, No. 4; Faeroese: Nyman 19g4;
fo. While his brothers ::
Scottish: Aitken / Michaelis-]ena 1 965, Nos. 2, 1.0, Briggs 192 0f . A I, I 44ff ., 569ff .;
fool) fights against a thr=
Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen Lg6Z, Baughm"iiSOO;Engllsh: Baughman
the following two niel',:,
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'II9I] au4] aures aLIl le suos ol r{}4q a,rr8 lter 'areLu '^\or) 8op-aqs 'uPruo^rl lg76 1 pels8r r§:11r .:. '
e pue 'pretu rar{ tesl e;o raiq8nep aq} 'qsrJ (aarLl}) e ualea Suueq _
/slery :uer,r1e-llgz6Ls1rrool -..
raUV ('.V00t addl snor,rard aqt Sulpnpul)'a8pug aq4 uo q4&1aqa V00a 'soN'I'1116l upru>lrEH :I-lslfi l
b-: l.
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,e99 \:=
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19961 uetuq8npg :uErrraurv-Sfl 1'lr0zg '6161 uosduroql :uprpul up)rrrllrl Jar{lo aJolu Jo auo Jo saposrci: .;_
rluoN 1tr'oN',I^x',I€'oN AIX',€'oN',IIX',Ol oN',IX',II'oN'Iit'
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^'9I'oN'Ll'llt
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sarr :uersauopul 19gg'€tL'lll'soN'616I Ioql'Jl :uearo) 1l'oN'gg6l rallL.a s,uo8erp aql SurMoLls (q:. . - -
'816I 3ulJ. :asoun{J !1Ll'Z€ 'gI 'soN '9161 ,rodrsg/rr^ase) :asaurng 196 '.- al{l araqJ '[Z'tElU] ,i1red : -. :':
'soN'1002 urnqpelg'6961 uose{ /0961 s+raqod/uosduoql :uprpul 1096I s+raqo: s,3ur1 aql tuol; pooJ aLuo- - :
/uosdtuoql :ruelsr)ed 10I 'I 'soN 'p '916L -uo8erp aql'lolsodLur arp i-- ..
^o>lsuarue;-urlqalgTBraqunl:-
:ueq31y 17997,{ueqg-1E :aJruar-ua^tE}e§ 'rbery 'ueruepro{ /Lrerur}saled
'asauuqa- -paM arlt delap o1 rar-[]pl r.L. !'j- i
'uerr^,(5 1ggg7 azprue,roprn) :uer8roaS :616L zlurßa:uer1o8uo1,1 'ledrng 11_;
se raq sLurelr pue '[tt6l)] i r :-._- : :
'g9Z'nLZ 'soN '196I sr8rg 'yr i$1e1!?16l uauouned/r]gura>lsla» :uerur^prol\
sacro; 'speag s,uo8e;p ar{l !.\'.- *
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:up4asso 1I X »NrN ''llzgt,'eA€, ''llOBZ'Iy 16761 s83rrg '9961 uetuq8neg :.{sd-i,-r
';;o sao8 PL:i- : ^. :
leq46l'9161'9961 uosu{'9I oN'996I doN:qsr.rna{ :(e-DßZ'0ZZ'(r '.re,r) 1n1 g1; ssa:uLld aql sasrr-uo.rd Ll]n, . -
'(9 Ip^)ZtIIgLZ '(r're.r.) ZilI€,lZ'Gt-Ot)Zt'LZt 'soN'996I,\Elprog/prpqraql äl-{l lno slnJ pue speaLl \ Lr,,: ..'
:r{sr)rnJ 1t00t "00€ 'soN 'SnS :uerureDllf 'uelssnrola^B 'uerssny :I'lZ96I 'II'IIgl uo8erp aqt sauorr. , _
r1s.,uouez.,{zr) :LISIiod 1zz'oN',gg6l opaN :uerqros 1666I noTsnorgTsopodola8ul
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,OlV ,g1t
7qr,ra[pro[6 :uerqras :fit 'Ze6L efuo>1arq :aua^ols lOLg'gzg'9gi 'l€t 'ZLh aq'uo8erp ar{t q}IM tq8rl ,r: -- * ,
,
LOv, I8I,,8IO'SON,II,OOT,OOO, II T, 662, Z6Z, L9Z, 1"92, 992, NEZ, OZZ' 9IZ' TLZ' I,O I sao8 qlnod aLII 'II'g9I] rir'.r::-
'16'LB'BL 'soN 'I 'JI66I g,ro>yredse3 :uer)e^ols :lltZt ''lOtt'I'll6Z6L allrl :qrazl
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-rn) rqt q'\Z9ZS '01 t IBI r- _
:gg 'tt 'gZ'0I 'soN
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:uErTelJ 18I 'oN g€9'X'62'tZ'LL'l soN 'II 'JJ96SI sLrrun)aC :uErurpe.l 101 ,69 .soN uo8e.rp (papeaLl-ua \ä(r L. -' l
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966I rarlln/]^lH) LuLuIrD 'l']tgg6L aTueu :uuurraD !2961so;r8a1 :uoollEM 18961 aarrll iaBueq:xa .iq S r
ra.{artr :qsriualg 1e1'o51'166I ra}snr{ls/Ioo),etg6I roo; :uersrrC 1gtr61 aq8urtrurg
:q)tng 1(Surruortllrol) so8rpre3 'ß'tg soN 'I 'JJ006l erra^rlo :asan8nlro.l
1E667 1otn47lorro :uEIEIEJ :ll'llgOOt rar1u^aq3/euarEruel :anbseg :966I zues 66€-00t sfru\ a:
zalgzuo\'1-131966l rarle^aq3/Euareute3 :qsruedg 1196I anrelag :Llf,uarC 19I 'oN
't66I pteuoq)elN/pro;nrg 'Znt'tS.'']Jifi ''JJL1E ''lt6zt
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 776 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 .FC281 l.-

3.51 or multi-headedLB11..2.3,811.111 dragons (is able to defeat the Introductory episcr.i.

third one only with the help of his horse [8401]). (In the form of a fly (1)Akingbanishes l-
[D185.3], catlD1,42) or the like,) the animal son overhears the con- are abducted by monste:
versations of the dragon-wives (dragon-daughters) [N451], defeats hero with his extraord-r'.
their enchantments, and thus saves his brothers. The dragon's (2) A monster (drag-':
mother pursues the three brolhers and devours two of them [811.10. king's garden. Three b:
3]. The animal son hides in a magic forge. He outwits the dragon's gest is able to wouncl ::-
mothel, who spits out the brothers she had devoured. Together with tracks [F102.1, N773]
the smiths, the animal son kills the dragon's mothel, and the smiths (3) A child of ma5:r:
forge her to a horse. Cf. Type 705A. from tears) grow\ inl
In some cases, a magical old man (father of the slain dragons) [T615]. He takes to the :-
defeats the animal son in a contest (horse race) and takes away his with two companiorr- ,

horse. The old man sends out a hero in order to win a bride (often a prepare their food, trt r:-
transition to Type 513A). (eats the food and beat. ',:

In addition to this regular form, there exist two versions without to catch and punish thi .
the introductory part of the magic conception: the entrance to the ur,.j.
(1) The dragon-slayer wins back the celestial lights which the Main part:
dragon had stolen and gives them to men. (Previously Type 300A*.) The companion. -"
Cf. Type 328A*. lower the hero (youne=..
(2) The animal son defeats the strongest dragon and wins his monsters (dragons, de', -
horse for the tsar. the princesses' he1p, u.-:-
means) [R111.2.1]. (Th. :
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other erous companions pu1 .
types, esp. 300, 303, 5134" 531, and also 301, 302,32L, 408,5t9,550, 554, SZ'1., and
[K1931.2] (cut off the rr':-
6504. [he maidens to nam. ::'i.
Remarks: Esp. popular among the eastern Slavs.
The hero returns i.- :
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 1,898tt.I,467f.; Ranke 1934b, 113-130; Barag
1981; EM 3 (1981) 825-834 (L. G. Barag); Scherf 1995 1,177-182,614f.,726-729,ti,
which gives him the a'r.
L162-11 67, 1463-1 465; Röth 1 998. own flesh [8322.1]; he .:..
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982{f.I, Nos. 2,76;Estorian: Kallas 1900, No.5; Livonian: planted, etc.). The prii'..
Loorits 1926, No.3008; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977, No.3004, cf. No.300,4.*; the wedding day, the h.:.
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff.|;Wepsian, Karelian: Kecskemdti/Paunonen1974; the truth comes to ligi-.
Syrjanian: Belinoviö/Plesovskij 1958,25ff.; German: Lemke 1,884ff. II, 1.47ff., when he shows the pre.-
Plenzat L922,58ff .; Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tille 1929ff .I,283ff .; Slovakian: (banished, killed) [Qlr-
Ga§parfkovä 1.991f. l, Nos. 105, 230, 256, 290, II, Nos. 379, 544; Rumanian: [L161] and becomes kr:-.
Schullerus 1928, No. 300A*, Birlea 1966 I, 2o9ff .,III,384lf .; Polish: Krzy2anowski In some variants, t:.
1962f.I, No. 303; Russiary Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 300A*, 3004.**; Byelorussian: the underworld before :
SUS, No.3004.*; Gypsy: cf. Ämi 1996, No. 2, Mode 1983tr.III, No. 1819, MNK X 1,
because he mistakeni,.' :
Nos. 3004, 300A*; Abkhaz: cf. Sakryl 1975, Nos. 26, 46; Ossetian:Bjazyrov 1958,
No. 11; Cheremis / Mari: Sabitov 1 989; Mordvinian: Kecskem 6t:r I P aunonen 197 4; horse, lion, snake) in.i.
Vogul/Mansi: Kannisto/Liimola 1.951ff. III, No. 18; Uighur: Alieva 1986; Siberian: carries him up again.
Vasilenko 1955, No.5; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000.
Combinations: This type is usuall'.
types, esp. 300, 302, 313, 400, 550, :.
300A* See Type 300A.
400, 402, 506, 513A, 516, 530, 106a
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1E:-
301 The Three Stolen Princesses. (Including the previous Types 301A and
292-296,326,543-546; BP II, 2:-
3018.) This type combines various introductory episodes with a Szövlrffy 1956; Boratav 1968; Kis: .
common main part: 1971,;EML (1977)7232-1235 (D. \\:

-
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X »NI^I I ..
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yo suor8a.r radaap r{Jnru o+ oB o1 seg oraq aq+ 'slueuel aruos uI r1s.uoue7.,(zr» :r{srrod l'lltg! I-- --
'699 addl 'rf, '8uH sauof,aq pue :u€ruelun11 lhtg'6lt 'soN 'll
[I9I.I] I
ssacur;d tsa8unod aql sarrreur oraq aqJ .IZSZöI (paUU ,paqsrueq) :u€I)p^ols !'lltgZ'l 'JJ6Z6I alir' -.
paqsrund a.re srolsodurl aq+ pue '([OgH] sluasard aqt smoqs ar.I uaqm ''HfiI'II 'JJr88I a{ural :uPLu-:-
sassaaur.rd aqi dg pazru8olar sr orar{ ar{}) }qBI ol sauro) q}nr} aq} lfi16l uaLrov,r.Ed/rlgrualsra){ : -. r-
1ng'pauosrrdurl q pue allseJ arll o] saruor oraq aql'dep Surppa,,vr aq1 1.V00€ 'oN 'I) 'V00t 'oN '!.c-" . -:
:upluo^rT 19'oN'006I sEIIp\ -,: -
u6 '(lead e roy) Surppam rraql delap sassacurrd aq1 '('c1a'pa1ue1d
Jlaslrrrq ar{ r{rrqm }ue1d Surqurn e uo spuars€ aq.:ll'Zz1g]r{solJ umo
'lI' 6Z|*9ZL'' lht9'Z8I- tfi '/t .;- - - -
slq paal ol seq aq uroqzvr o1 p.rrq e) dg o1 firyqe ai{f uIH sa,rr8 qcrqrvr.
Sereg 1gg1-gU.'qnA6I aIueu -_::
lrrrds e yo dlaq aql q+I.tr plron.raddn ar{} o} surn+ar oraq eqJ ....
'[SS6t»] sran)sar rrar{} se ruaq} arueu o} suapreu ar{+
ao.ro; daql '(talseq aLI] urnpa^o '[eSO»] ador aq] go lnc) l7rcet») pve'Ttg 'r99'099'619'80t L: I :
Molaq orcq aq+ a^eal lnq dn sassacur.rd aqr 1nd suoruedruoc snora Jarllo arolu ro auoJo saposrcia --: -
-qrearl sr11 ('sluasa.rd turq a,r.r8 sassacur,rd aqJ) 'II'Z'II1y] (sueatu
rr8eur lq
'tp8ua.4s srq Xq dpo 'uodeaaa. e Sursn 'd1aq ,sassatuud aq]
'--
qlrzu) sassacurrd (aarql aq]) sancsa.r pu€ (slr^ap 'suo8erp) sra+suoru srq surM pue uo8e.rp lsaiu. ---
saruorra^o oraq aqJ '[SOg] +l olrn (.raq1orq lsaBunod) oraq arü ramol
pue [26{] (a,tec !rd) IIaM e ot aruor (sraqtorq) suoruedruor aql ('-VOOS addld1snor.r.a;4) uai- -, -
:1.red ure;41 aql r{rrllrll. slq8r1 lerisala) aur r'r.
'plroMrapun aq] ol aruErlua arD :uot1d'- -
suoruedruor aql smoqs uaq+ oqm'ueru aIDII aql qsrund pup r{c+eJ o} lnoql].^{ suorsJa^ o^1.+ ]srxa a::,;,
alqe sr orar{ aq} I1uO'[Z'S'fSlS] (1ooc aql dn qeaq pue poo; aql slea)
1r spods (}ue€ '11^ap ?remp) ueru aIDII e arrm]
/poo, rlaql erederd e ualro) aprJq e urm o+ ropJur - . ' ^:
dagi uaq14'[1OSS] s.ra,uod dreurproe'r}xa rI]rM suoruedruoc o,vr] II]IM srq de,r,re sa)E] pue (af,Er asl,- - --
,Iasury sarlle pue'(>lJnD arn+ualpe roJ peor aql ol sa{el aH'[gigI] (suo8erp urels ar{} Jo raql€l ..:: -
qlSua,rls yeuorldacxa qll.tr parJIS qlnod e olur s,ra.or8 (srea+ r'uorl
uroq '[199g] asror{ ro reaq e ;o uos) r{}rlq rl8euryo pllr{r V (S) sqlltus aq] pue tal{}oru s,uoi:-': .
[tttN't'Z1tg] o1cer1 q+Izrt raqlaSol 'parno^ap pP r. : -: :
dpoolq srq MoIIo, srarüorq ar{I 'ralsuor.u aql punom o} alqe sr lsa8 s,uo8e.rp aql slrMlno aH a:- - . .
-unod aq] dlug 'lrernt ur ar1 (sacurrd) slaqlotq aal{f 'uapre8 s,Surrt '0I'IIS] uraql Jo o,lr+ srno-\a: : --. -
aql uror1 saldde uaplo8 qeals ('c1a 'e)eus 'uo8erp) ralsuoru y (7) s,uoBe.rp aql 'sJar{lore sru :. -
's;alq8nep aq] pug o1 oB lsuorueduoc dreurpro€rlxa sH qll/\ oraq steeJap'[tStN] (sra]q8npp-r: .-
p,rryeuradns e) sratpo.rq aarqJ'(h'ggSIH] sralsuoru dq pa+rnpqe are -uoJ aq] sJear{ra^o uos IPrur!-r: :_
daql) py.rozvrrapun aqt o1 sralq8nep aarq+ slq saqsrueq 8uu y (1) .{g e yo ruro} aq} uD '([tOf g] a:: , -
.
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 778 Hans,Jörg Uther FFC 284 . FC 284 T:-

1983; Holbek 1987,510-514; Scherf L995I,113-11.6,177-182,237-278,530-534,11, ihamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph lgi
844-847 , 1192-1195, 1244-1247 ; Toporov 1 995; Dekker et al. 1997 , 289-292; Röth i976, Nos. 3, B, 10, 12; Indian: T}.rc.n'
1998; Schmidt 1999; Hansen2002,352157; EM 10 (2002) 1363-1369 (W. Puchner); 1989, Blackburn 2001, No.46; Srj L
Marzolph/ Van Leeuwen 2004, No. 417. l01B; Chinese: Riftin et a1. 1977, \t .
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982f1.I, Nos. 3,4, Jauhiainen 1998, No. M66; Finnish-Swedish: 1988, No.25; Korean: Choi 1979, \.-
Hackman 1917f.I, Nos. 48a(3), 50a,50b; Estonian: Aarne 1918, Nos.3014, 3018; Inada/Ozawa 1,977ff., No. 301, 3i . :

Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e 1977, Nos. 3014, 3018; Lithuanian: Kerbely tö 1999 If . I, I996 I, No. 3; French-Canadian: Le:-
Nos. 3014, 301B; Livonian: Loorits 1926, No. 3018, cf. No. 300B, Kecskem6ti/ \-1, Nos.34,47,YII, No.4, XI, No. l
Paunonen 1974, Nos. 301, 3014; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925, Nos. 301, 3018, r, XVII, No. 6, XXI, No. 22; North I
Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 1 974 No. 301& Wepsian, Karelian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen \merican: Flor,vers 1953, Baup5hm.: :'
1974, Nos. 301, 301A, 3018; Wotian: Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974; Syrjanian: 1994, No.26; Spanish-Americar-r: Tf :
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974, Nos. 3014, 301B; Swedish: Liungman 1961, No. -1018, Camarena/ Chevalier 199all
\
301,48; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Kamp L879f. I\, No. 3, Kristensen 101A, 3018; Guatemalan, Costa F..
1881ff. III, Nos.2, 19,58,[V, No.31, Kristensen 18961.I, No. 11; Faeroese: Nyman Hansen i957, No. 3018; Puerto R::
1984, No. 3014; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929, Nos. 301, 3018; Scottish: Campbell \layan: Penalosa 1992, Nos. 301, -.
l890tf.I, No. 16,III, No.5Z Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963, Nos.3b1A, Pirro Saavedra l960ff. I, Nos. l--1
3018; English: Baughman 1966, No. 301A" Briggs 1970f. A1,391ff.; French: Delarue h-rdies: Flowers 1953; Egyptian: \.
1957, Nos. 301,301A,3018; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier l995ff.lI, Nos.3014, \owak 1969, No. 179; Tunisiar.r: \:'
3018, GonzälezSanz 1996, No. 301B; Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 799iff .lI, 101, 301A; Algerian: Nowak 1969. ):
Nos. 3014, 3018; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003, No. 3014, 3018; portuguese: l01B; Moroccan: Nowak 1969, -- . \
Soromenho/Soromenho 1984f.I, Nos. 154, 300,306, Cardigos (forthcoming), Nos. Sudanese: Nowak 1969, No. I9i l
301,301A,3018; Dutch: Sinninghe 1943,Kooi2003, Nos. 1,l10,tlt;Frisian: Kooi Schmidt 7989 lI, No. 1012; Mala*.'..
1984a, No. 3014, Kooi/Meerburg 1990, No. 4; Flemish: Meyer 1968, Nos. 301,
3014,3018; Walloon: Laport 1932; German: Meyer 1932, Nos.3014,3018, Ranke
1955ff. I Grimm KHM/Uther 1996II, No. 91, III, No. 166, Bechstein llJther 1997
301A See Type 301.

II, No. 13, Berger 2001; Austrian: Haiding 1953, Nos. 10,24,38,Haidingl977a,
No. 1; Ladinian: Kindl 1992, No. 1; Italian: Cirese/Serafirul97S, Nos.3014,3018, 3018 See lvpe 301.
De Simone 1994, Nos. L0,46, Aprile 2000 I; Corsican: Massignonlg6}, Nos. 7,41,
71, 100; Sardinian: Aprile 2000 L Maltese: Mifsud-Chir cop 1978; Hungarian: 301D* The Princess's Rlng (pre-
MNK II, Nos. 301, 301A, 3018, cf. No. *301,4.; Czech: Tille 1929ff .II l, 3\7ft.; Slo- she goes for a walk, a p: :

vakian: GaSparfkovä 199-l.l.L Nos. 103, If Nos. 475,486; Slovene: Gabrsöek 1910, father promises her tt ,

37 ff.,Bolhar 1974,56ff,134ff.;Serbian: cf. Djordjeviö/Milo5evi6-Djordjeviö 1988, soldier takes a ship an;

Nos. 17, 18,23,24, Eschker 1992, Nos. 11,27; Croattan: Plohl Herdvigov 1868, No. lonely island he meet. ,.
12, Bo§kovii-Stttlli 1963, No. 14; Bosnian: Krauss/Burr et al. 2002, No. 21; with wine, cuts off his :-,
Rumanian: Schullerus 1 928, No. 30 14, Birlea 19 66 l, 209 ff ., 24off ., lII, Z84ff ., 3BZ l.;
finds the princess ancl :.:,
Bulgarian: BFR Nos.301,3014 3018, Koceva 2002, Nos. 301,301& 3018; Greek:
Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999, Nos. 3014, 301B; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 23; ]ust when they are r:'
Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f. I, Nos.301,3014; Russian: SUg No.301AB, Nikiforov/
forgot, and the soldier c,
P r opp L9 61, 82ff ., P omer anzew a 1 964, No. 24; Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS, No.
away and the treachertrr..
301.48; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 72, 1a6 V (p. 1.60,b),72lII (1); her rescuer [K1933].
]ewish: ]ason 1965,1975,1988a; Gypsy: MNK X 1, Nos. 301, 3b1A, 301B; Ossetian: The soldier takes se
Bjazyrov 1958, Nos. 39-45, 52, 88, 95, 99. Adygea: Alieva 1986, No. 30148; finds magic objects in a :-'
Cheremis / Mari: Kecskemdti / Paunonen 19@ Nos. 301, 3014, Sabitov 1989, Nos. (gets them as payment
3014" 3018; Chuvash: Mdszäros 1912;Tatar, Votyak, Vogul/Mansi: Kecskem6ti/ home. Onher wedding o.
Paunonen 1974, Nos. 301, 3014; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974, No. the soldier by her ring l}-
301A;Armenian: Gullakjan1990; Yakut: Ergis 1967, Nos. 92-94,96,92,10b,126, the soldier [L161]. Cf. T, :
127, L82, 194,225; Kalmyk, Mongolian: Lörincz 1979, Nos. 301, 3018; Buryat:
Lörincz 1979, No. 3018; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000, Nos. 301, 301,A., 3018; Literature/Variants: Scherf 1995 Ii
Syrian: Nowak 1969, Nos. 175, 195, El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 301, 301Av 3018; Leba-
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff. I; Br-r1:.
nese: Nowak 1969, No. 179; Palestinian: Nowak 1969, No. 136, El-Shamy 2004,
Nos. 301, 301A; Jordanian, Iraqi, Persian Gulf, Oman, Kuwaiti, yemenite: El-
SUS; Cheremis/Mari: cf. Sabitor' l,'
No.301A*.

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 180 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28,1 FFC 284 T.:

302 The Ogre's (Depil's)Heartinthe Egg. (Including the previous Types poulos/Brouskou 1999, Nos. 301
302A*,3028*, and425P.) Because he helped some animals to divide Krzy2anowski 1962f . I; Russian: S'.
a meal in a fair manner, a youth is rewarded with the ability to 302r; Turkish: Eberhard /Boratar. 1 ;
transform himself into their shapes (they promise their help because rv 3-4, 216 (13), 2r7 (5-6),256 \
he spared or nourished them) [8393, 8500, D1834]; cf. Type 554. Gypsy: MNK X 1; Ossetian: Bjazr :
Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ti,' Pa.-l
He goes to rescue a princess who has been abducted by an ogre
Kecskem6ti /Paunonen 797 4; Arr:'.e
(giant, dragory devil) (to rescue his wife who has been abducted by
229; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 200-- :
a supernatural enemy, cf. Type 400) [R11.1]. As an eagle, the youth Lebanese: Nowak 1969, No. 21;. E
comes to the ogre's castle, as an ant into the princess's chamber 110, El-Shamy 2004; Iraqi, Kr-n.,.:
LD152.2,D182.21. He learns from the princess that the ogre cartrot be Roberts 1960; Indian: Thompson F..
defeated because his heart (power of life, soul) is hidden outside of -19, 96; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipo,, -
his body [E710]. The princess elicits the hiding place from the ogre Bäcker 1988, Nos. 25,26;Korean. C:
1K975.21: His heart lies - enclosed in various animals - in an egg
-105 No. 742;lapanese: Ikeda 7971 :
(little box) 1E711..1,E713); cf. Type 590. II, No.2; French-Canadian: Barbeau ,.
The youth follows the princess's instructions, finds the ogre's 7919, 409ff .; US-American: Baugh::-
1973, Camarena / Chevalier 1 99: L
soul, and destroys it (the grateful animals do so for him [8571.1]).
Rican: Hanse n 1957; Panamania r:
The ogre dies [K956], and the youth marries the princess [L161]. Cf.
Brazilian: Alcoforado/Albän 20!1 l
Type665. i-lian: Parsons 1923b1, Nos.72-71: ::
1004; Algerian, Moroccan: Norr .:.
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other
types, esp. 300, 301, 303, 3034v 304,31.3, 316, 400, 425,51,6,518,552, 552A,554, and
Klipple 1992; Sudanese: El-Sham-, l
665, and also 3028, 31.4, 461, 465, 513, and 550.
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff.Vll,64fl. No. 348; Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. I,
3024 See Type 462.
158-161; BP II, 190-L99,lll,424-443; Sydow 1915,123ft.,135ff.; Christiansen 1959,
241,242; Horälek L967a; Schwarzbaum 1979,387,388 not. 5; Tuczay 1982; 3028 Life Dependent on a SiL.ttr,
Nazirov 1989; EM 6 (1990) 929-933 (C. Tuczay); Scherf 1995 I, L46-L50, 167-170, His Sw ord). (Includin.e ::
2'1.8-220, 480483, 7 59-7 61, I1, 1240-1243, 1301-t304, 1325-L328, 136+-L368, 1,406- magically conceive a -, -
1409, 1.421.-1.423; Dekker et aL t997 ,304-308; Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999. the son a sword (knife
Finnish: Rausmaa L982ff.I, Nos.5,52; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. I, Nos. (should not lay it on th. ,

51, TaGl); Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: The youngest of three l.:--
Kerbelytö L999ff. I; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925; Livoniary Wepsian, Karelian: from his fatheq, and goe.
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984;
companions (blood-brr. ::-
Danish: Skattegraveren 1 (1884) 98-1.06,12 (1889) 87-g6,Kristensen 1896f. I, No.
4; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929, No. 302, cf. No.302I*; Scottish: Briggs 1970f. Al,
With the aid of hi-s s,,,
573f.; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansenlg6S; French: Delarue i957; Spanish: dragon(s). His comparri
Camarena / Chevalier 1995ft. II, Nos. 302, 425P, Gonzä7ez Sanz 1996; Basque: himself marries a \{orrr:::
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.II; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira catches a sight of her pic.,.
1900ff. I Nos. 131., 181., 191, Oliveira 1900tt.II, Nos. 223,244,289,313,372,379, she lost in the sea (river
Cardigos (forthcoming), Nos. 302,425P; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer old woman (witch) to c...:
1968, Nos. 302; German: Ranke 1,955tf .I, Kooi/Schuster 1994, No. 18, Grimm By a trick the old rrc
KHM/Uther 1996111, No. 192 Bechstein/Uther1997 I, No. 17;Austrian: Haiding secret of the sword [E71] ,
1953, Nos. 30, 38; Ladinian: Decurtins L896ff.II, No. 95, X, No. 6; Italian: Aprile his strength, the youth -
2000 l, Nos. 302, 425P; Corsican: Massignon 1963, Nos. 7, 73; Sardiruan: Aprile
Through a life token, :
2000 I, No. 425P; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop \978, Nos. 302, 425P; Hungarian:
happened, recover the sr.,
MNK II, No. 302A*, cf. No. 302IIa; Czech:Tille 1921,114ff ., l929ff .1I1,119tf .; .

resuscitate the youth. Th.

Slovakian: GaSparikovä 1991f .1, Nos. 83, 95,214,230,256,266,II,Nos.377,379;
Slovene: Gabr§öek 1,91,0, 339ff.; Serbian: Öajkanovi6 L927, No. 13; Croatian: in the room of his wife, kr,
Vujkov 1953, 1,67ff.; Rumanian: Schullerus t928,Birlea1.966l,31.4lf.,III,393ff.; king himself. Cf. Type -:,:
Bulgarian: BFI Nos. 302,302A. , Koceva 2002, Nos. 301D*, 302A*; Greek: Angelo-

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 1.82 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC2B4 FFC 284 T.

Combinations: 302, 303, and 516. that live in the earth, the
Remarks: The Egyptian Trao Brothers Tale, documented in the 13th century B.C.E, chooses a scabby foal r.,
includes elements from three different tale-types, Types 3028, 318, and 870C*. legs), and he and his rr::
Literature/Variants: Ranke 1934b,1\T130; EM 2 (1979)925-940 (K. Horälek); EM brother of the dragon's i:
3 (1981) 1353-1356 (P. N. Boratav); Hollis 1990; Scherf 7995I,132-138,11,1192- its rider, the dragon. T1-,
1195,124+-1247; Röth 1998, No. 5168*. home together with his .,

Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff.I, No.5168; Swedish: Liungman 1961, No. G5367;

Macedonian: Eschker 1972,No.37;Budgarian: BFP, Nos. 3028,5168, Koceva 2002; Combinations: 317, 552, 554, an.i :
Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998, Nos. 3028,516B; Turkish: cf. Eberhard f Boratav Literature/Variants: Horä1ek 1 9l-.:
1953, No. 77 Y,Walker llJysa71966,34ff.; jewish: Noy 1963a, No. 13, Baharav/ 601, 731-736, II, 853-856; Röth 1 r- :
Noy 1965, No. 39, Jason 1965, No. 5168, lason1975, No. 5168; Adygea: Alieva Finnish: cf. Löwis of Menar 19ll
1986, No. 516B; Kurdish:DZallla et a1,. 1,989, No. 3; Armenian: Gullakjan1990, Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1978, \c :
Nos. 3028, 5168; Kazakh: Sidel'nikov 1952,21,3ff ., 233ff .;Uzbek: Afzalov et al. Ortutay 1952 No. 8, cf. Koväcs 1::-
1963I,161.ff.,2031f.,222ff .,1I, 437f1.; Kalmyk: |nlg1,866, No. 1; Mongolian: ]ülg Ga§parikovä 1991f.I, No.255, cf. \
1868, No.23; Tüva: Taube1978, No.38; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000, No.5168; 1960, No. 4; Rumanian: cf. Karlin:=
Iraqi: CampbellL952,58ff., El-Shamy 2004, No.516B; Omary Kuwaiti, Qatar, P62t. l, No. 422; Russian: Ler in -
Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004 No.5168; Iranian: Marzolph 1984, No. 5168; Pakistani: Gypsy: Aichele/Block 1962, \.
Thompson/Roberts 1960, Nos. 3028, 5168; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Bjazyrov 1958, No. 70.
Nos.302B,516B, Jason 1989, No. 5168; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov L976, Nos. 14,
15,L67; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960, No. 5168; Nepalese: Heunemann
1.980, 53ff ., cf . Unbescheid L987, No. 21; Chinese: Ting 1978, Nos. 3028, 516B;
303 The Twins Or Blood-Br;
and 581.) After har.ing =.
]apanese: Ikeda197L, No.5168, InadalOzawa1977ff., No.5168; Egyptian, Alger-
ian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 5168; Moroccan: cf. Nowak 1969, Nos. L04, 144, El- T511.1.1, T572], a \\'o:r-:
Shamy 2004, No. 516B; Somalian: Reinisch 1900,259ff.; Tanzanian: El-Shamy Grateful animals acc0:-
2004, No. 516B. give them one or mortr .
not kill them. (The bro::
302A* See Type 302. them or bring them up; :.
same time as the broth.:,
3028* See Type 302. Together with his ar.r:
brothers separate, ther' ,.,:
302C* The Magic Horse. (Including the previous Type 422-.) Atthe wish of when one of them i. i. .
the dead king his youngest son permits his three sisters to marry the become cloudy, a plant --

first suitors who come for them. Visiting his brothers-in-1aw, he grow rusty, etc. [E761]. lr'
learns that they are the masters of the three kingdoms of animals. cesses) from a dragon r i:-
The prince wins a wife who forbids him to enter a certain room who pretended to be the -,
[C611]. He disregards her prohibition and revives a dragon (demon) IR1il.1.3, Kte32, H8t . ,

who is impaled on a wall (contained in a hoop). The dragon frees Against a warning, ::-:
himself and abducts the prince's wife. The prince searches for her an animal). He falls int.- :
and three times tries to flee with her. Riding on his magic horse, the [D231]. His twinbrothe: ,

dragon overtakes the two but does not kill the prince, because he quest of him. The prince..
promised to spare his life three times; the fourth time, he cuts him brothers are very much :.
up. naked sword in the b.,:
Signals of distress tell the brothers-in-law that the prince is in [T351]. Then he finds the '
danger, and they come and resuscitate him. He goes back to the brother, and kills her. T:-
dragon, asks his wife to find out where the magic horse came from, slept with his wife and k,
and learns that a certain witch owns one. when he asks his wife -,,,
On his way to the witch, the prince wins the gratitude of three realizes that his brother -...
animals whlch help him to tend the witch's three liorses (daughters) magic means [B512] (u'a:,

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 784 Hans-]örg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284 I:

In some variants, a youth saves the life of a raven (crane, eagle). Thompson 1919, 323ff.; US-Ar.ne:
As a reward he obtains magic objects. The youth defeats a sea mon- -\ncelet 1994, No. 19 (not.); Spani.:'
ster, delivers three princesses, and marries the youngest of them. Chevalier 1995II; Dominican, Pue:.
(Previously Type 553.) -\lcoforado/Albän 2001, No. 16; C,-
\o.84, III, Nos. 760,245; West h.rr.li=
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other I, Nos. 88, 8Ba; Egyptian, Libr .::'
types, esp. 300,302,31.4, and also 304, 313,315,3L8,3278,513Av 550, 554,705A, .\frican: Arer,r a l9tro, No.4l-l 1; \
1000, 1003, 1006, 1051, 1,052, t072,1088, and 1120; frequently introduced by Type Haring 1982, No. 7.303.
567.
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892fl.VII,64tf. No. 348; Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. I, 3034 Brothers Seek Sisters Lt: \
175-181., 303-305; BP I, s28-556 , II, 204f.; HDM 1 (1930-33) 338-340 (A. Taylor); Sisters as Wiztes). A nri::-
Sydow 1930; Ranke 1934b,113-1,30; ChristiansenL919,241.f.;Schwarzbaum1968, hundred) set out to fin.r .
90; Horälek 1969a;}{orilek1972;Ell{2 (1979) 9L2-919 (K. Ranke); Rubow 1984; and their youngest brrrtr-.
Brockington 1995; Scherf 1995 I, 83-85, 517f., 658-660, 671-674, lI, 1,364-1368, an o1d man (gian! tro11 :
1454-146-1.; Dekker etat.L997,380-384; Röth 1998; Schmidt L999;Gobrcd-r12002)
stone and takes the r-o...:'
Hansen 2002,246-251., 450453; EM 11,1 (2003) 131f. (H.-]. Uther).
The youngest br'.xi',
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, Nos. 6, 91; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. I, No.
to the old man's honse :
49(1,0); Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Lithuantan: Kerbelytö
L999ff . I; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925; Livonian, Karelian: Kecskemdti / Paunonen him that the heart (1iie
'1,974;Swedish:
Liungmar 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984, Nos. 303,553; Danish: With the help of grater.,.
Grundtvig 1,876ff.1, No. 8, Kristensen 1881ff. If No. 16, III, Nos. 2'1,,37,Iv, No.3O youngest brother catc.,- -
Kristensen 1890, No.99; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Scottish: Baughman 1966,Briggs man (he rescues his br..::',
1970t. AI,135,216f.,35Lt1., 463ff., Bruford/MacDonald 1994, No. 16; Irish: ö tasks). Brothers and brj:.,
Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963, Nos. 303, 553; French: Delarue 1957,Delarue
I In some variants, ti-c
Tenöze 196M.Il(app.) No.553; Spanish: Camarena/ Chevalier t99iff
.Il, Gonzälez During the night in bc:
Sanz1,996; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira1900ff. I, No.57, those of their wir.es. Ti-.
Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Sinninghe 1943; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: 1179.
Meyer 1968,Meyer lSinninghe 1976;Walloon: Laport 1932; German: Ranke 1955ff.
I, No. 303, II, No. 581, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 60, II, No. 85; Austrian:
Combinations: This type is usuall,. -
Haiding 1953, Nos. 32,54;Ladinian: Decurtins1.896ff.II, Nos. 22,40,XIy,78; t\pes. e5p. 300, 302, 3t4, 3278. 1:.
Italian: Aprile 2000 I; Sardinian: Aprile 2000L Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop t978; Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1:.1 :
Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: TilTe 1921,22ll.,Tille 1,929ff .1,335f1.,112,243ff.;Slo-
\7979) 887-902 (U. Masing); Sche:
vakian: Ga§parfkovä 1991f . lI, Nos. 375, 412, 486, 529, 556; Slovene: Gabr5öek
Finnish-Srvedish: A1l ardt / Perk1.:'
1910,3741f.; Bosnian: Krauss/Burr et aL.2002, No.22; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928,
rr.egian: Stroebe 1915 II, No. 23; D;.:-
Birlea1966l,258ff.,III,388f.; Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek: Angelopoulos/
No. 548, Kristensen 1890, No. 97, S: -:
Brouskou 1999; Polish: Krzylanowski L962f. I; Russian: SUS, Nos. 303, 553; No. 27; German: Peuckert 1932, ,\,
Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 108 IV (var.
1997I, No. 17;H:ungarian: N,INK L
f),220; Jewish: Gaster 1924, No. 373, Noy 1963a, No. 13; Gypsy: Briggs Lg7Of. A
377,333,II, Nos. 485,544; Slor.er.re: :
I, 234f ., 520f., MNK X 1; Ossetian : Bjazyrov 1958, Nos. 4648, 59, 101; Adygea:
\o. 20; Croatian: Bo§kovi6-Stu11i 1 :,::
Alieva 1986, Nos. 303, 303-I; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974,
Sabitov 1989; Chuvash, Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; yogurl I }dansi:
Schullerus 1928, No. 303I*, Birle.: ,,
Megas / Puchner 1998; Byelorussi:.r-
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974, Nos. 303, 553; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; yakut: cf.
Boratav 1953, No. 96 (1); Jewish: cr i
Ergis1967, Nos. 186-191, 193,196, cf. Nos. 108-110 122,t69,22'0; Turkmen: Reichl
X 1; Ossetian: Munkäcsi 1927, No :
1982, 63ff .; Tadzhik: Grjunberg / Steblin-Kamen skov L97 6, No. 25; Georgian:
Kapieva 1957, 79f1.; Kurdish: Dm2,:
Kurdovanidze 2000; Syrian: Nowak 1969, No. 1.42,E!-Shamy 2004; Palestinian:
Sidel'nikov 19581f .I, 3ff.; Uzbek: ,-_
El-Shamy 2004;lordanian: Nowak 1969, No. 130; Iraqi: Nowak L969,No. 142;
Sandelholztruhe 19 60, 229ff .; Mon *,-
Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: cf. Grjun-
No. 37; Ceorgian: cf. Dolidze 1960, l
berg/Steblin-Kamenskov 1976, No. 27,Riftinetal. 19T7,Ting1971; Indonesian:
El-Shamy 2004; Egyptian: Ei-Shan.,., ,
Vries 1925f. II,405 No. 143; |apanese: Ikeda 1971,;French Canadian: Lemieux
2004; Algerian, Sudanese: El-5han:
1974ff.III, No. 10, X, No. 19,XY, No. 31, XVIII, No. 26; North American Indian:

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186 Hans-Jörg Uther rFC 284 .FC 284

304 TheDangerousNight-Wafck (previously TheHunter). Togetherwith 1958, No. 49; Adygea: Aiieva l9:.r
his brothers (companions), a youth (youngest of three brothers, golian: Lörincz 1979 ; Syrran: Nou-ai. -
huntet, prince, soldiel, etc.) has various hunting adventures, or he 1976, No. 161; Korean: cf. Choi 1Y--
defeats dragons (wild animals, monsters) during one (three) night- \o. 12, Lemieux 1974ff.11, No. 26. r.
watch(es) in the forest (at his father's grave). While the youth fights, English-Canadian: Halpert / \\ri i .
his fire (light)goes out (the youth loses his way, is tempted awayby Carriöre 1937, Nos. 1.3, 74; Sp..ir'..

a bird). He (stops time and) meets giants (robbers, supernatural

Egyptian: Nowak \
1969, No. 81, ci.
Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Laoust 1'.='
beings) whom he impresses by shooting tricks 1F666.71or by his
extraordinary physical strength.
The giants go to plunder a castle (town) or to carry off a princess,
305 The Dragon's Heart-Blo
exists chiefly in four cti::
and take the youth with them. The youth shoots a watchdog (1) Aking falls ill an.r .
(rooster), enters the castle first, calls the giants and, as they ente1, hä
and blood of a dragorr .
cuts off their heads one at a time lK972l. Often he cuts off their
whoever is able to get :-
tongues (heads, other parts of the body) which he takes away as
whoever assists. A nol-i; ---
trophies [H83]. Cf. Type 300.
help of an old worrräIl, clrl
In the castle, the youth comes to a room where a princess lies
kills ihe dragon, squeez.:
sleeping [N711.2]. He looks at her (falls in love, kisses he1, rapes her)
them. Threatening to .
and, before leaving, takes a souvenir (jewelry, handkerchief, shoes,
heart, presents it to the ..
etc.) which later becomes a token [H81.1, H81.1.1, T475.2];cf. Types
kingdom [K1935]. The ::
301, 301D*. Then he returns with a burning log (lets time resume)
sent to live in the goose r-
and kindles the fire again.
blood in the dragon's h;.,
An impostor pretends that he had killed the giants and claims
oid woman are questic,:-.
the (pregnant) princess for his wife. The princess refuses to marry
goes to the farmer bor.
him. She sets up (is made to live in) an inn te481] where guests need (2) During his trave-.
not pay anything if they tell a tale (life-history news). (Accompanied
only be cured by a dra:-
by his brothers and mother,) the youth stops at this inn, proves his
spot in a dream. He kill.
identity by means of his tale and the tokens, and marries the
inn. The host steals tire ::
princess [H11.1.1, H81, L161]. The impostor is punished.
only a stone. The rt,ork::-
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other host, cures the king, an;i '
types, esp. 300,302,303, and 552. host is hanged.
Remarks: Documented in the early 19th century. (3)A father orders hr.
Literature/variants: BP II, 503-506; Polivka 1916; EM 7 (1993) 411420 (C. shojaei his illness, but the son c..r-
Kawan); Scherf 1995 1,409413, 607-609,II, tt7}-1178; Röth 1998; Schmtdt 1ö99. to knock with a stick on ...
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, No. 7; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 199gff.I; Swedish: him to the devil. The ht r.,
Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Kristensen 18g1ff. II, No. 1g, can use to call it whenr-. ,
III, No. 27; Irish: Ö Süiileabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue 1957; devil, but, during the fisr-
Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 199Sff.II; portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho
his waist. With the heip .,,
et al. 1963f .I, No. 316, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish:
the devil's tongue to 1-ri. ,
Meyer 1968; German: Ranke 1955ff.I, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996II, No. 111;Aus-
(4) While hunting, ... -:
trian: Haiding 1,953, No. 69; Ladinian: Decurtins 18961t.II, No. 61, X, No. 10;
Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tllle 1921, 56, Tille 1929ff . lI 1, 264ff .; Slovakian: young woman apPedrt . '
Ga§parikovä 1991,f.1, No. 192 II, Nos. 407,417; Serbian: KarudLi( 1932 No. 51, a medicine consisting oi .
Djordjeviö/Milo§eviö-Djortljeviö 1988, No.2Z cf. No. 153; Rumanian: schullerus ingredients, which must :
l928;Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva2002;Albanian: Mazon 1936, No. g-l,,Lambertz1952, the young woman dem-.
21f.; Greek Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999; polish: Krzylanowski 1962f. r; prince agrees, a youth ...--
Russian, Ukrainian: sus; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos.204III 1,213 III prescribed way. The cur;
2 (var. h x); ]ewish: jason 1965,1975,1988a; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Ossetian: Bjazyrov younS woman.
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188 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Remarks: The four versions represent oicospes: Version (1) - Danistu version (2) 4 C, 1.83; Jewish: Jason 1965; Gr.p.'
- Flemish" version (3) - Latvian, version (4) - Serbian. bian: Fadel 1979, No. 37, E1-Sh.::
Literature/Variants: EM 3 (1981) 820-825. Indian: Thompson/Roberts 196r.- l'
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Darish Grundtvig LBS4ff.II,l98t.;Flemish: Meyer Saavedra 1960ff . I, 373ff.; Arger:
1968; Serbian:Karadäit 193Z No. 17; Polish: cf.Krzyianowskt1,962f .I; English- Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: Pa:.
Canadian: Dorson 1952,93ff.; French-Canadian: Lemieux1974ff. XXU, No. 10. 7992,132f.

305 The Danceil-out Shoes. (Including the previous Type 306A.) Every 3064 See Type 306.
day, a princess(es) wears out a pair of shoes. Her father wants to
know why and offers the princess (one of the princesses) to whoever 307 The Princess in the Con;
discovers the secret [H508.2]. Anyone who fails will lose his head. (lncluding the prer io.: -
Ayouth (soldier, Gypsy, tailor, shepherd, farmel, etc.) acquires a (curse), a diabolic (b1:.:
magic object (e.g. shoes, cap, overcoaf stick) which makes him in- couple (king and queer
visible [D1980]. He refuses a narcotic drink and does not fall asleep when she dies, there .:-
[K625.1]. After making himself invisible, the youth accompanies the church (graveyard) (,...11^.-

princess on a magical underground journey [D2731). In the in order to save her). l: .

underworld he watches the princess wear out her shoes by dancing and swallows the mar.
with the devil (dragory other supernatural beings) [F1015. 1.1]. The A soldier (boy) lear:-.
next morning the youth tells the king what happened and cor- the girl from the r,r,itchc. .
roborates his tale by tokens (e.g. twigs, apples, ring, piece of the hides from the dead gir
princess's garment) from the underworld [H80]. He marries the the coffiry the soldier i1-.
princess [L161] and becomes king. Cf. Type 007. her (by means of a rust-.
Mainly in Indian variants, a prince accompanies his wife to the the altar). As she \a\ r ...
otherworld where she has to dance each night before a divinity. He disenchanted lDTgl.l -
frees her [F87]. (Previously Type 306A.) her rescuer [L162]. iTr:
shakes out the bad spr:-.
Combinations: 307, 505, 507, and 518. Various other magr;
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 1898ff.I,412,427;BpIII,7g-g4; Ressel 1981, princess.
144-149; Scherf 1995 1,667-670,II, 1204-1202,1932_1.295,1434-1436,1441-1444;
Röth1998;Schmidt1999;Anderson2000, Ll9-L2l;Papachristophorou2002,174- Combination s: 306, 507 , and 51 :
194;EM: Schuhe: Die zeftanzten S. (forthcoming). Remarks: Documented earlv in ::-.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, No. 8; Finaish-Swedish: Hackman 1912f.I, No. 105; vij,,835t.
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Literature/Variants: Köhler / Br-i:.
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1,999ff.|;Lappish, Karelian: Kecskemdtif paunonenIgT4; 1949; cf. Tubach 1969, No.347n: :-
Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Grundtvig 1g54ff. III,
No.3, Holbek1,990, No.33; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929;bish: ö Süilleabhäin/
7403-1406; Röth 1998; Andersor: l
Kawan).
Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue 1957; Spanish, Basque: Camarena/Chevalier Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.1, No. y :
19951t. III; Portuguese: Oliveira l900ff.I, No. 35, Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al. Latvian: Aräjs / Medne 7977 ; Litl.,,-.,.
1963f.I, Nos.322-324, Cardigos (forthcoming); Ftemish: Meyer 1958; German: 1984; Danish: Grundtvig 1876ff I I'
Ranke 1955ff. I, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996II, No. 133; Austrian: Haiding 1953, Delarue 1957; Spanish: Camare:r.:
No.53; Ladinian: Decurtins t896fI.II, No. 2;Italian: Cirese/SerafirriliTS,De 1900ff. II, Nos. 234, 270, 311, Car.l.:
Simone 1994, No. 9(;Hrtngarian: MNK II; Czech: Tille |921,311ff., Ti[e L929ff .II Frisian: Kooi I984a; Walloon: L:.-'
1.,337ff.; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1991f.I, Nos. 74, 197,199,219,222,295, II, Nos. Berger 2001; Austrian: Haiding i.
372, 556; Slovene: Kontler/Kompoljski 1922f. II, 44f1.; Serbian: Djordjeviö/ 3; Italian: Aprile 2000 I; Corsicar-.: '
Milo§evii-Djordjeviö 1988, No.28, Eschker 1992 No. 10; Croatian: Boskovid-stulti 2000 I; Hungarian: MNK II; Czec:r
1963, No. 15; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928,8ir1ea19661,452ft.,III,403f.;Bulgarian:
BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek: Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999; polish: Krzy2anowski
Slovakian: Ga§parfkovä 1991f. I, \ .
Drekonza 1932, 49ff.; Croatiarr: :
1962f.I; Russiary Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 102 IV Schullerus 1928; Greek: Angeioptr.-;
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190 Hans-]örg Uther FFC 284 .FC 284

26; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f. I, Nos. 307, 3O7C*; Russian, Byelorussian, Rican: Hansen7957; Dominican: H-.
Ukrainian: SUS; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti / 1953; Cape Verdian: Parsons 19231- -
Paunonen 1,97 4; Indian: Thompson / Roberts 1 960; East Af rican: KLipple 1992, Shamy 2004, No. 310A§; Libr-ar,
133f. >omalian: El-Shamy 2004, No. rl

3078* See Type 307. 311 Rescue by the Sister. T'.., ,-.

of a demonic suitor {c...:-

307C* See Type 307. taken into his (subterr.r-..
open a forbidden roonl :--
310 The Maiden in the Tower. (Petrosinella, Rapunzel.) A (pregnant) the key (a magic egg .:, ,
woman steals herbs (fruits) from the garden of a witch (sorceress) human flesh [C611, Cii-
1G279.21 and is forced to promise her unborn child to the witch disobedience IC920].
15222.11. The woman bears a girl, and after a certain time the witch Using a trick, the thr:_:
comes for the daughter (often called Petrosinella, Rapunzel, etc. fate. She finds her si-ste :'.
according to the name of the stolen plant) [G204]. The witch locks bones together [R15, i
her up in a tower [R41.2]. Whenever the witch wants to visit her, she baskets (bags) and pers..r:.
enters by climbing on the girl's long (golden) hair as on a ladder without looking into tir=::
1F848.11. The youngest sister. ::.
A prince discovers the girl in the tower because of her hair skull (straw dumm1,) tlrt.,
shining in the sun [F555] and falls in love with her. The girl gives the the demon carries this sr.:.
witch a sleeping-draught. The prince climbs up on the girl,s hair and herself with honev.rn.r :
they have a love affair. The witch finds out about the noctumal visits
lK52s, K52l.t l. Ci. r1;. -
of the prince. She wants to prevent further visits, but accidentally own house or is killed ir .
discloses that the lovers could flee by transforming themselves with
the help of three oak galls. Combinations: This §,pe is usuallr :
The girl overhears the conversation [N455] and explains the types, esp. 312,313, 403, 857, qia
magic oak galls to the prince. They flee together and are pursued by Literature/Variants: BP I, 370-3;a
the witch. They escape 1D642.71and the witch is killed. The prince Scherf 1995 I, 80-83, 1.47-144,76:
marries the girl [L1621. 1108-1i11; EM 8 (1996) 1407-1,11-l
1998; Anderson 2000, 97-100.
Combinations: 313, 327 A, and 402. Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff .1, No. 1r-.r :
Remarks: The oldest version is in Basile, Pentamerone (1I,1.). Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livoniar-r: L
Literature/Variants: Bp | 97-99;Lütbn 1950; Merakli s l961f .; Schwarzbaum 1969, Lithuarrian: Kerbelytö 1999 ff . I; L a: -:
273;EM7 (1,993)791-797 (H.-I. Uther); Lauer L993; Scherf 1995 II,g3Z-940,940- Kecskem6ti / Pur,-roi-,"r-, 1974; Srvecl i.:-
942, 969-973, 1378-1380; Dekker et al. 1997 ,293; Röth 1998. Danish: e.g. Kristensen 1BB1ff. I, \r
Lafvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Llthuaruan: Kerbelytö 1999ff.l; Irish: ö srülleabhrün/ 7896f . I, No. 27; Faeroese: Nym.rr-.
Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue 1957; Spanish: cf. Camarena/Chevalier Campbell 1B90ff. II, No. 41, Aitken t,
1995tr.il, No. 310B; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. I, No. 1,416f .; Irish: Ö Stiilleabhäin/Christ.-:
5$ Cardigos (forthcoming) No.310, cf. No.3108; Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: French: Delarue 1957; Spanish: Ca:-.
Ranke 1955ff. I Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 12;Italian:Aprile 2000 I; Cor- 1996; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; p--
sican: Massignon1963, No.20; Sardinian: Aprile 2000 I; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop (forthcoming); Flemish: Meyer 19t:
l978;Hungarian: MNK II; Croatian: BoSkoviö-Stulli1963, No. 1Z BoSkovi6-Stulii Uther 1996 I, No.46, cf. No. 66,8c:.
1975b, No. 11; Bulgarian: BF| Koceva 2002; Greek Angelopoulos/Brouskou Ladinian: Decrrrtins I8qoff. Il, \, -
1999; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratäv 1953, No.200 V Massignon 1963, Nos. 19, 25; Sardir,;,
p. 418 No. 12; jewish: cf. Haboucha 1992, Nos. **310A, **313D; Ossetian: Bjazyrov MNK II; Czech: Tille 1929ff. II 1, :
Nos. 50,51; Syrian, Lebanese, Palestinian, ]ordaniary Iraqi, eatar: EI-Shamy Öajkanovii 1929, No. 83; Croatian:Bc.
f !5,8,
2004, No. 3104§; Chinese: Tngl978;lapanese: Ikeda 1971, cf. No. 408C; English- al. 2002, No. 24; Rumanian: Schu11er.,
Canadian: Fauset 1931, No.3; US-American: Baughman1.966; Cuban, puerto Creek: Angelopoulos / Brouskou 1 9,rr'
Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkisl
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192 Hans-]örg Uther FFC284 FFC 28.1

157; Jewish: ,[ason 1988a, Haboucha 1992; Gypsv: MNK X 1; Cheremis/Mari: Literature/Variants: BP I, 39b-=
Sabitov 1989; Mordvinian, Vogul / Mansi: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 1,97 4; Ärrne- \roretzsch); Heckmann 1930; D\ ltir
nian: Guliakjan 1990; Yakut: Ergts 1.967, No. 213; Palestinian: Hanauer 1907, 51-55, E1; Karlinger 1973a; Sul-uL. j.:
221ff.,El-Shamy 2004, No.311 312; Jordanian: El-Shamy 2004, No.311-312; Sri 94-98; EM 8 (1996) 1407-1413 (1\ .l
Lankan: Parker 1910ff. I, No.52; Chinese: Ting1978; Japanese: Ikeda 1971, Inada/ )000, 97-100; Davies 2001 .
Ozawa1977ff.; French-Canadian: Barbeau 1916, No. 28, Barbeau/Lanctot 1923, Finr.rish-Sr,r,,edish: Hackman 191
-
No. 99; US-American: Baughman 1966; Spanish-American, Mexican: Robe 1973; Lappish: Qr.igstad 1925, No. 55-: _
Cuban: Hansen 1957; Chilean: Pino Saavedra 7960f1.I, Nos. 45, 70; West Indies: i sh: Liungman 1,967; Norwegian: F_

Flowers 1953; Tunisian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004, No. 311-312; Malagasy: 1963; French: Delarue 1957; Sp.r- .
Harlng 1982, Nos. 2.7.371, 3.1.311. Sanz1996; Basque: Webster 1E,. -
\rasconcellos/Soromenho et ;rl. 1 -.-
3118* The SingingBag. A Gypsy (oid man) puts the niece of an o1d washer- Dutch: Sinninghe 1943, Volkskur-:
woman (on1y daughter of an old couple) into a bag and carries her Flemish: Mever 1968; German: R.::-,
off. The Gypsy goes begging from door to door and exhibits his 66, Bechstein/ IJther 1997 I, No. . :

"singing bag": He gives the bag a pinch, threatens to beat it with his Schenda et al. 1991, No. 15, Aprri-. _
stick, and orders it to sing. Thereupon the girl in the bag starts Slovakian: cf. Ca§paritr<ovä 199I i i
Pani6-Surep 19621, No. 6; Rumar-....
singing her tale: I left my rosary on a stone by the river when I was
Angelopoulos /Brouskou 1999; i
washing. When I wanted to get it, a Gypsy put me in his bag and
1956, No. 27; Turkish: Eberhar.cj :
carried me off. (I am the only daughter of an old couple. An old man
Ossetian: Bjazvror. 1958, No. 5l; -': .
carried me off when I was gathering berries in the forest.) 1967, No. 103; Mongolian: Ltjrrrrc:
One day the Gypsy arrives at the old washer\\,oman's house. English-Canadian: Fauset -1931. \
The woman recognizes her niece, invites the Gypsv into his house, No. l2, IX, No. 24,XXI, No. 1-t; L:-
and entertains him until he gets drunk. When he is sleeping, she can: I [SP o (1q27) 55, C.rmaren,r ,
rescues the girl from the bag and, in her place, puts tr,vo cats (horse- 1966; Dominican, Puerto Ricar-r: F--::
dung). When the Gypry exhibits his singing bag the next time, the tian, Moroccan: El-Shamv 2il0-l: -
cats mert. The Gvnsy opens the bag and is scratched or bitten Finnegan lqb7, ll7ff.; Ea.t Afr i.
2004; Namibian: Schmiclt 1989 11 l.
lK526l.

Literature/Variants: Oriol 2002, 33ff. 3124 The Rescued Glrl (prer r .

Spanish : Cam arena / Chevalier 199 5 ff . II, G onzälez S anz 799 6 ; Cata l an: Orio l / the Tiger). A man gir-es .- -
Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Braga 1987 i. 89f., Cardigos (forthcoming); Russian: supernatural being) bec.. "
Nikiforov/Propp 1961, No. 84; Jewish: Noy 1965, No. 13; Iraqi: El-Shamy 2A01; the tiger's help, or bec...,...
Cuban: Hansen 1957, No.311*8; Pr-rerto Rican: Hansen7957, No.311.8, cf. No. the girl and demands l.ie :. -
311**C; Braziiian: Alcoforado/Albän 2001, No. 17; Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004; sister (brother) ki11s t1-re .,_
Centrai African: cf. Lambrecht 1967, Nos. 3852 (1), 3852 (2).
back to the village and -,

312 Maiden-Killer (Bluebeard) (previousli, T/re Ciant-killey and ltis Literature/Variants:

Dog). An ocid-iooking rich man (e.g" udifi a. blue beard [S52.il) iakes French: Delarue 1957; Gr.eek: Meg.r.
his bricle to iris splenciid- castle. She ,s iolbirl.den t'.-; üp€1ir ä certain I;Jert i'h:Nor lqo3a. No. I7; Leb,r..
room, but she disober.s and finils'r: lr-:i. cf ihe de=-il bodles cl hei Saudi Arabian, Kur,vaiti, Om:u.r, e.
preriecessors iC6i1]. The husb;:r,d -,rnrLts iü kiil her for her iis- Ihornpson / Roberts 1 960; In<1ian: T:-
obecijerce lc92üi, btii she is abie l* j*1a,,. ih* p-rlr'-:lshine;Lr (:i:ree 28; Chinese: Ting 1978; Japanese: _

irmes) iK551l. Sire iher sisie.r) ca.i.Ls ir-ieii brcii.el irni:,: bioii',g';) -n.hi; African, Egvptian, Algerian, Morr,c-
kiils ihe husband (scmetirrres r,'.jtL: heip iroi:. :i atlg cr ciir*i:.:'i.,,: l No. 9, El-Shamy 7999, No. 1, 2, El-:-

312C The Rescued Bride (pret t,_

-;:.hin;ti: -':.
:. I i. (Including the previous T-
Remarks: Docunenier,i i::r ii-lc ialc ii'th centul.,, i-,i. i'h::rii:s Pellault. to the der.il.) TI.re girl mar.:
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194 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 aFC 284

The devil may take her. This happens.) The brother searches for his Introductory episo.i.
sister, finds her and rescues her (frequentl-v n,itl-r the help of his ( l) After a war b.t
dogs). 2221, ar.r ounded eaq1, -

gives the 1136 6 [1rr i. :-

Literature/Variants: home. I he man di:r,[''
Spanish: Camarer-ra/Chevalier 1995ff.II; Catalan: cf. Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portu- man close the bor an.l l'
guese: Coelho 7879, No. ,18, Camarena/Chevalier 799511; Maltese: Mifsud-
[5222]. Cf. Type 537.
Cl-rircop 1978; Hungarian: MNK II, No. 452A.; Jer,r,ish: Jason 1965, No. .340A,
Tn some variant>, . --
Haboncha L992,*340A; Japanese: Ikeda 1971, Inada/Ozar,r,a7977lf.; Spanish-
American: Robe 1973; Mexican: Robe 1973, No. 312C, cf. No. 312*E; Costa Rican: [5222,5240], or the Lror :
Robe 1973; Cuban: cf. Hansen 1957, Nos. *340**G, *340*"H; Dominican: Hansen him with death, thc .1. '

1957, Nos.
*340*A, *3r10**C, *340**E, cf . No. *340**F; Puerto Rican: Hansen7957, three) impossible t.r-, -

Nos. *340*A, *340**8, cf. No. *340**D; Mayan: Perlalosa 1992; Chilean: Pino IH 11041, orrr
bailing -

Saavedra 1960ff. 1I, Nos. 106, 107. using an axe of glar- .

performs with the l'. .'

3\2D Resarc by the Brother (previouslv Brother Saoes his Sister and the vouth can m.rrruI .
Brothers from the Dragon). (Pea's Son.) A dragon (der.il) carries off women (her sisl.er. r '
a girl (three girls) and kills her brothers n hen they try to rescue her. (2) A youth u atcl'. -
After a magic conception (often by srvallor,r.ing a pea [T511.3]), the and steals the sn.ur .r:. .

mother of the siblings gives birth to a strong son [F611.1]. This son agreec to ma rrl the r .

kills the dragon, rescues his sister; and resuscitates his brothers. The Types 400, 465.4.
envious brothers plan to kiII the voungest. But because of his strength (3) A king su[[crr;r- '

he is able to free hirnself and to punish his brothers. Cf. Type 550. feed: hirn with srtcvr.
blood will cure hi> :, .
Combinations: 301, 650A. foreign youth.
Remarks: This §,pe first appears in the ear1r,' lgth centurr,i but combines older Main parts:
motifs. Magic FIight. I h,, -:
Literature/Variants: BP lll, 429 431; Novikov 1974;EM I (19E,1) 127-130 (Ä.
po\^ er to flee togeth, :
Dömötör); Dömötör 1993; Scherf 1995 I, 712-776, 268-271, 653-656, II, 778-787;
Röth 1998. objects (spi ttle, blt,,,J
Fir-rnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, No. 11; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: thele*s the flight i: .1 rr
Kerbelytö 1999ff .I; Syrjanian: Fokos 1917f., No.2; Danish: Berntsen 1873f. I, No. to escape, the girl rr.: -

13, II, No.4; Scottish, Irish: Briggs 1970f . AI, 180ff.; German: cf. Kooi/Schuster things o1 per\ons {c.*.
1994, No. 3; Hungarian: MNK II; Slovakian: Polir,ka 19231f .II,7fi., 69if ., Kosovä- lake arrd duck) [Dn-
Koleöänyi 1988, 6Eff., Ga§parfkor,ä 1984, 76f1.; Slor.ene: Bolhar 7971, 712ff .; mirror, etc.) whiclr I',
Serbi.rn: Cajkanoviö 1q27, No. 12, Djordjer.,iö/Mi1o§evi6-Djorcljeviö 1988, No. 18; [Do72]. After the thir.: ,

Croatian: P1oh1 Herdvlgol. 1868, No. 19, Smiöiklas 7910if .77, No. 41, Bo§koviö- (dies). Cf. Type 310.
Stulli 1963, No. 1,1, Boikovit-Stulli1975b, No.5; Rr.rlnanian: Schullerus 1928, No. ln some variant> r - .

327D*; Megas/Puchner 1998; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Jen,isl.r:

sistql) fl.. from a r,r'ite r'
Jason 1975; Cypsy: Briggs 1970f . A I, 190, Mode 1983ff. I, No. 7, MNK X 1; Dage-
stan: Cha1ilor., i965, No. 62; Ossetian: Britaev/Kaloer, 1959, 11Sff.; Cheremis/
mother). (Prer iou:lr .. -
Mari: Beke 1938, No. 35; Votyak: Mr-rnkäcsi I952, No. E8; Ceorgian: Kurdovanidze ForgottenFiancde IL-
2000; Iraqi: El-Shamy 200,1; Chir-rese: Ting 1978; Japanese: Ikeda 1971,lnadal lear es his bride belrin.r
Ozan,a 79771t.; Egyptian, Algerian, Sudanese: El-Shanrv 2004. bride's warning, he ki--
gets his experiences IDi
313 The Magic Flight. (Inciudirrg the previotrs §pes 3134, 3138, 313C, abuut to marry anoth, :'
and 313H*.) This t1,pe combines various introductorv episodes n ith memorv bv perlorrr irr -
the tr,r,o main parts of the "Magic Flight" and the "For:gotten Fian- embarrassi ng po'i tior' -
c6e" . carriage of the ner,r bri.:
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arIJ 'sJarEoJq slr{ sa+e}rJsnsar pup
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'raq a>lrl qsn[ 1oo1 ot1,r,r (sralsrs raq) lrauo,rt
JJo sarrrer (U^ap) uo8elp y (-uo<
1o dno"r8 e ur raLI.{;rluapr }snur aq talq8nep aql ,{rreLu uec qlroi( aql pua DtslS su.l saaus, urlgotg .i1
aro;ag 'If 'O'Eggf]] ralr-18nep s,uoruap aql yo dlaq al{t Ll}l,tt sr-u;ro;;ad
aq qrrLIM ([S'fEttH] asroq cr8uu u Surrnldeo 'sse13 yo axe ue 8r-rrsn
lsaroJ E 3ur11a; '[gtttg] a^ars e q4,r,r ptrod e 1no Suryeq'[t0IIH] ouu :uealrt{J 1266I psoJega4 :ue-ir
1t13p auo ur allsef, u Surppnq '3'a) ISSfO] s)spt alqrssodrur (aarql 296I uasueH :uprrll oJrond jJ*Cttt*
tral;o) qlno{ aq} suBrssu 11.rap 'luur81 uourap aLI} 'rlleap qll,\{ LrrlLI uasupH :ueJrurluog 1H**0t€*,J*[6
Suruolearql 'uourap aq] ol JIasLurL{ sasrruord ,toq aq+ ß 'IOyZS'ZZaS) :uef,ry eJSoJ1[*zI€'oN .Jr JZIE .o-\
-qsruedg:'filtOteMezof epetq.l
Ir^ap Jo '1uur8 'uoruap e ol pasruro.rd sr ,{oq e 'sluerre;r auros LrI 'Vjh€,"'oN '996I uosEl :r{su^aI :-t
'799 adil 'D'lZZZSl -pnslu tr :asa+IEhl llEeq rarlE-\ari-
Lrosuroqlrn s,Lruu aq] pasruo-rd sr 'LrJnlar trr 'pue xoq aql asolJ uelu -npod 1€002 1oin4/1orrg .]f, :up1e+p.
aql sdlaq luer8 uy'sreadde allsur e pue s{aqosrp uelu aql 'aruor-{
1B sa^rrre aq aloJaq uado 1ou lsnu aLI LIJrLl,r4, xoq E Lreru aql sa,u8
(saurrlelar s1r) a13ea aq1 'ueur u ,(q ro; paref, sr a13ea paptrno M e 'lZaZ
ad,r1 ;c '1979] spadnrpenb pue sp.rre uaara.laq rem e raUV (I) sq 1o dlaq arl] q+Iznl X1+uanbar+l
:saposrda i.ro1c nporlul srq JoI saLlrreas raqlorq aqJ (.s"*l
E6I rr8elrl 1o sa1e1 r8z lll r8z lcc
196 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E1 FFC 284

remind the vouth of her help [D2006.1.3], or bu,vs a place for three et a7. 1.984f.II, Nos. 219-226;Byelc
nights in the bridal bed from her husband's ne\,\, bride, and in the 313H*; Ukrainian: Popov 1,957, 69ä
third night successfullv rear.r,akens his mernor\, 1D1978.4, D2006. Boratav 1953, Nos. 82, 84, 87, 98, I
1.4], etc.). The 1,outh marries the true bride. (2), 1,68 III 2, 170, 212 tII 4, 212 )

Haboucha 1992, No.313, cf. No. -

Combinations: This type is r-rsuall1, combinecl u.ith episodes of one or more other 202t.,376t., MNK X 1, Nos. 313, 313
tvpes, esp. 2228,300,301,302,303,303A, 310,311, 372,371,315, 325, 327A,3278, 69; Adygea: Alieva 1986, Nos. 313J
329, 100,.102, 408, 125, 150,480, 502, 511, 51 E, 531, 537 , 552, 563, 707 , 881, 1115, and Paunonen 1974, No.313, Sabitor-
1119. vinian, Votyak, Vogul/Mansi: Ker
Literature/Variants: Char-n.in 1B92ff. Y,197f|. No. 116; Köl1ler/Bo1te i89Eff. I, 161- DL,allla et al. 1989, Nos. 4, 9; Arme
175;8P1,442f.,498-503,1I,77-79,710-716,576-527, III,338f.,.106;117;Aarne 101, 102, 107 -109, 112, 126, 127, 273,
1930; Knapp 1933; Christiansen 1959,242f.; Schu.arzbaum 1968,86,;159; Rausmaa 4, 5; Mongolian: Lörincz 1979, No.,l
1973c,1,32-13,1; Manusakas/Puchner 1984; Brir 1992; Go1dberg,7992; Scherf 1995 313A, B, C, 313H*; Syriary Paiestir
r,62 66,261-265,326-330,372-374,375-378,378 380,536-540, II,784-786, EE3- 227; Indian: Thompson / Roberts 1 !
885, 9.{6 919,997-993,7277-7220,1231 1237,1 351-1352, 1363-1364; Dekker et al. Ting 1978, Nos. 3134, 313C, 3131
1997,213-278; Räth 1998; EM 9 (1999) 13-l9 (\,V. Puchner); Schmidt 1999, No. Japanese: lkeda 1,971,, lnadalOz
313C; Andcrson 2000, 72-7E; Hansen 2002, 151-166. Canadian: Halpert/Widdowson 1!
Finrrish:Rausmaa 1982ff. I,478; Finnish-Sr,r,edish: Hackman 1917f.I, Nos.56a, Lanctot 1923, No. 106, Lemieux 1
57a(7),56c(25), 77; Estonian: Aarne 1918, Nos. 313A, 3138, 313C; Latvian:Aräjs/ Indian: cf. Thompson 1919,347ä..
Medne 1977, Nos. 313A,3138, 313C,313H.; Lithuanian: Kerbeh,tö 1999ff. I, Nos. Nos. 313, 313A, 313C, Perdue 19S,
313A,8,C, 3l3H*; Livonian, Lappish, Wepsian, Karelian, Svrjanian: Kecskemdti/ (1!
1966; Spanish-American: TFSP 7
Paunonen 197,1; Snedish: Liungman 1961, Nos.313A,313C; Nonr.egian: Hodne Robe 1,973; African American: B
1984; Danlsh: Grundtvig 7E76ff .1, No. 3, Holbek 1990, No. 5; Faeroese: N),*orl American: Camarena/Chevalier .

1984, Nos.313A,313C; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929, No.313C; Scottish: Campbell Robe 1973; South American Indian
1890ff. I, No. 17, Briggs 1970f. AI, 160, 290ff .,296f .,1211f .,565i., B Il,'1, Baughman Mayan: Peialosa 1992; Dominicalr:
1966, No.313C; Irish: Ö Sirilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963, Baughman 1966, No. Ricary Venezuelan, Uruguayan: H;
313C; English: Brlggs 1970f . AI,202f .,579i.; French: Delarue 1957, Nos.313,3138; Albän2001, No. 18; Chilean: Han-cer
Spanish: Camarena / Cher.alier 1 995tt. L Nos. 31 3,A, 31 3C, Gonzäl ez Sanz 1996, 76-19,36,37, II, Nos. 106,107,W,
No. 313,A; Basclue: Camarena/Chevalier 1995tt.II, Nos. 313A, 313C; Catalan: West Indies: Flowers 1953; Cape I
Oriol/Pujol 2003, Nos.313,313A,313C; Portuguese: Olir.eira 1900tf. I, Nos.2, 13, Egyptian: Nowak 1969, Nos. 169. -
48, Varsconcellos/Soromenho et a1. 1963f. I, Nos.21E, 268, Cardigos (forthcoming), Nowak 1969, No. 103, EI-Shamv lrl
Nos. 313A, 31 3C; Dutch: Volkskunde 1 (1888) 121-137,1 4 ( 1 901 I 02) 719-725, 16 313H*; Moroccan: El-Shamy 2001; :

(1901) 241-219, Sinninghe 19,13, Kooi 2003, Nos. 5, 6; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, No. No. 313, 313H*; Mauritian: Delaru
313,A; Flemish: Mever 1968, Nos.313,313A,313C, Mer.er/Sinnlnghe 1976, No. 1.022;}l4alagasy: Haring 1982, No. .

313C; Walloon: Lapolt 1932, Nos.313, .313D; Cerman: Mever 1932, Nos.313A,
313C, Ranke 1955ff. I, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, Nos. 51,56,11, Nos. 79, 113, III, 313A-C See Type 313.
Nos. 181, 186,793, Berger 2001, Nos. 313, 313A*; Austrian: Haiding 1953, No. 11,
Haic-ling 1977a, No. 9; Ladinian: Decurtins 1,896ft.11, No. 40, XI, Nos. 2, 3; iialian: 313E* The Sister's Flight(pretii
Cirese/Seraf int 1975, Nos. 313, 3138, Aprile 2000 I, Nos. 313,A, 313C; Corsican: Many her). Abrother rr a
Ortoli 1883, No. 5, Massignor-r 1963, Nos. 20, 25,14,102; Sardinian: Aprile 2000 I, flees and arrives in the i
No. 313-408; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1 978, Nos. 313A, 31 3C; Hi-rngarian: MN K
she meets the witch's dai
II, Nos. 313A, 313C; Czech: Til1e 1921, 1:13ff., Tille 1929it.1,211)If .,221fi.,231ff.,
2391f .,246ff.; Slovakian: Ca§parikor.ä 7991i.L Nos. 100, 168, 198,273, II, Nos.376,
from the sorceress by a :j
529,555; Slovene: Bolhar 1,974, 117if .; Serbian: Öajkanoviö 1927, No. 18, Eschker
(Cf. §pe 313.) The girls c
1992, Nos.9,78,34; Croatian: Bo§kovi6-Stulli 1963, No. 18, Bo§kor.ii-Sttrlli7975b, to distinguish them. He
Nos. 11,32, Gaäl/Nerveklor'r'skv 1983, No. 17; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, No. sister betrays herself br- ;
313A; Bulgarian: BFP, Nos.313A,3.13C,313H., Kocer.a 2002, No.313H"; Greek: sorceress/s daughter.
Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, Nos. 27, 28; Polish:
KrzvzanorvskiT962f .I, Nos. 313A, 313C; Russian: Lör,l,is of Menar 1914, Nos. 3i, Literature/Variants:
;14, Nikiforor, / I'ropp 1961 97ff ., 150ff ., SUS, Nos. 313,A, 3l 3H-, Afanas'er,/ Barag
, Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. tr. No. l-
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198 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC284 FFC 284

Aräjs/Medne l977;Llthuantan: Kerbelyte 1,999ff .I;Bulgarian: Koceva 2002; pol- a poor kit and is moc..
ish: cf. Krzyäanowskilg62f.I, No.31Z Russian, Byeloiussian, Ukrainian: SUS; achieves various herc.l c
Adygea: Alieva1,986; Cheremis/Mari: Sabitov 1989; Turkmen: Stebleva 1969, No.
milk oI bird, wdtyr
a .

2'1,;Tadzhik: Rozenfel'd/Ryökovoj 1990, No. 8; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000;

Type 551), kills a clragc:-
Lebanese, Palestinian, Iraqi: El-Shamy 2}}4;Egypttan, Tunisian, Algerian, Moroc-
can: El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese: El-Shamy 1999, No. 46,E1-Shamy1O04. times in disguise. F{e ,-
Three times he w,ithd::.
313H* See Type 313. Goldener's ider.rtit-, -
true status is recogr- iz. .

3L4 Goldener (previously The Youth Transformeil to a Horse). (Including tated and becomes a p:..
the previous Type 532.) This type combines various introductory
Combinations: This type is usual"
episodes with a common main part. Cf. Types 31.4A,502, and 530.
Introductory episodes:
r\ pes. esp. 217, 300-30JA, 3l I I -
511, 530, 530A, 531, 550, 552A, ia,
(1) A boy has been promised (often in return for magic con- Remarks: Because of its similar . -:--
ception) to a demon (devil, giant) [3211], or he voluntarily becomes Literature/Variants: Köhler, 8r....
a servant in a demon's house [G462]. The demon orders him to care 1925, No. 52; HDM 2 (1934--10 r r=.
for two (groups of) animals, to feed the one and to neglect the other. 92f. (H. Tervooren); EM 5 (198; r ,:-
The boy does not follow lhese instructions and thus makes friends i50-353, II, 1105-1108; Röth 19.r: l.
with the abused animal (magic horse) [8316]. Against the prohibi- 10 (2002) 932-936 (C. Goldber:
tion of the demon, he enters a certain chamber [C611]. As a mark of 178.
disobedience, his hair turns gold 1C91,2). The boy and the magic Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, Nos. .
a3(2), 56; Estonian: Aarne 191:
horse escape from the demon by a magic fllght[D672) -
Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff I \
(2) Aboy (usually the son of a ruler) and a magic foal are close
1974, Nos. 314,532; Lappish: Kcc-.
friends. The mother (stepmother) wants to kill the boy. The magic Karelian: Kecskem6ti / Paunoner-
foal warns the boy of her secret murderous attempts. At last the rvegian: Hodne 1984, No.31.1, p., -:1 I
mother demands that the boy or the foal be kitled. The boy pretends lEBlff. lII, Nos. 30, 36, IV \o. _-
to agree but asks his father to be allowed to ride the foal one last Sveinsson 1929; Irish: Ö Sr-ii11eab:-
time. During this ride the foal flies away together with the boy Delarue 1957; Spanish: Cam;irer- -.
18184.1.61. \Vebster 7877, 1ltff .; Catalan: C:
(3) In return for his magic conceptiory a boy is promised to a Oliveira 1900ff. II, No. 341, Brai... ,
demon 1G461). On the way to the demon's house, the boy is fore- Kooi 2003, No. 11; Frisian: Kcro_ .
1955ff. I, Grimm KHM/Uther 1y:.-
warned (given instructions for how to kill the demon or to flee). In
1953, No.23; Ladinian: Decurti:r.
the rooms of the demon's house, the boy finds prisoners or corpses
Corsican: Ortoli 1883, No. 15, \1..,..
(and his hair turns to gold [C912D. The boy kills the demonänd
\Ialtese: Mifsud-Chircop 197E; i--.:
flees. 19291t. il 2, 26 1; Slovakiän: G;r,( p... :.
Main part: Slovene: Drekonja 1932,45ff.; Se:': ..
The youth covers his golden haiq, pretending to be a scaldhead, 3:l; Croatian: Bo§koviö-Stulli 1y.:
and takes service in the king's court as a gardener [K1816.1]. (He donian: Öepenkov/Penu§llski 1. :
says nothing except "I don't know" . [Ca95.1.]; previously Type 532.) i80ff., III,400f.; Bulgarian: BFP, \,. .
But the youngest princess sees him in his true form (as a golden- Karlinger 1979, Nos. 13, 63, \Ie-.
haired knight who destroys and restores the garden three times) Brou'kou lqqq' Polish: Krzy)an . -
SUS, Nos. 314,532; Turkish: Eberj-L::
[H75.4]. She falls in love with Goldener 1T91.6.41and chooses him as
her husband by throwing a golden apple to him [T5S.1]. They marry
258; Jenish: Noy 1963a, No. ll,
1,.
C-vpsy: MNK X 1, Nos. 314, 532; C)..
but the angry king banishes the couple to a shabby lodginglLl3i,
Alieva 1986, Nos. 314,532; Chere::
L113.1.0.11.
374,532, Sabitor, 1989, No. 532; C1-.:'
The king demands the help of his sons-in-law. Goldener has only 532; Mordvinian, Votyak: Kecsk._:
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200 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

1990, No. 532; Yakut: Ergis 1,967, Nos. 112, 118, 193,220;Tadzhlk: Grjunberg/ 272; English: cf. Briggs / Mich.re--.
Steblin-Kamenskov 1976, No. 19; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000, Nos. 314, 532; 1957, No. 317; Catalan: Oriol i' Pu'
Syrian: El-Shamy 200{ Nos. 31.4,532; Lebanese, Plestiniaru Jordanian: El-Shamy 19E4a, Kooi/Schuster 1994, Ntr. -
2004; haqi, Yemenite: Nowak 1969, No. 94, El-Shamy 2004; Persian Gulf: EI- l, l75ff ., Kooi Schuster I9ql.
- \'
Shamy 2004, Nos. 314,532; Saudi ArabiarL OmarL Kuwaiti, Qatar: El-Shamy No. 4, Haiding1977a, No. 27; L;..:
2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984, No.
*3L4; Afg}.an: Grjunberg/Steblin-Kamenskov \risentini 1879, No. 5, Keller,'Ili.:.
1976, No. 18; Pakistani Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Jason 1989; Burmese: Iech 1984, No. 21; Slovakian: Ca.:.
Kaseviö/Osipov 1976, No. 163; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1,960; Chinese: \os. 3q2, 410,437.570; Slor err. I
Riftin et al. 1977. No. 9, Ting 1978; Korean: Choi1979, No. 101.1; Indonesian: Vries Polish: Piprek 1918, 103ff.; Sori. ::'
1925f.II,405 No. 145; Japanese: Ikeda 197'J.;Ftench-Canadian: Lemieux 1974ft.IV, No. 55; Gypsy: MNK X 1; EIr-..
No. Y No. 12, VIII, No. 10, XIV No.25, XV No. 44,DelantelTenEze1964ff.ll
18, Canadian: JAFL29 (1916) 31-3, :
(upp.) No. 532; North American Indian: Thompson 1919, 3471f.; Spanish- American: Rael 1957 I, Nos. 211. l:
American: Camarena/Chevalier L995ff .II, Nos. 314,532; Mexicary Costa Ricarg 80.
Panamanian: Robe 1973; Dominican: Hansen 1957, Nos. 314, 532; Puerto Rican:
Hansen 1957; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992;Chilean: Hansen 1952 Pino Saavedra1960f[. 314A* Animal as Helper irt tl:
I, Nos. 59, 65,73; West Indies: Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: Parsons 1923b I, No. (lncluding the prer i.' :-
55; Egyptian, Algerian: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 3L4,532; Tunisian: El-Shamy 2004, different forms:
No. 532; Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; East African: Klipple L992, 1,40f .; Sudanese: (1) A bull (horse :'
El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 31.4,532; Namibian: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 1024.
(another person) to e:;,- -
(2) The devil (rrl-Lr::
314A The Shepherd and the Three Giants. A poor youth (orphan, fool,
(girl). A goat puts a st:.-
youngest of three brothers) sets out with his only heirloom (e.g.
real princess to climt' :
rusty sabre) or with magic objects (stick, flute, etc.)which grateful
devil whom he meet- ,

old people gave him [D817]. He becomes the king's shepherd

devil grabs the shea;,.:
1L113.1..41. Cf. Types 570,592.
home. (Previouslr, Tr'-:.
The youth is allowed to pasture his livestock on the king's land
but not on the neighboring territory which belongs to three giants Combinations: 300, 313, 315, ar:
(because no one has ever returned from there). The youth disobeys
Remarks: Version (1) usuallr- c'lt =.
and, with the help of his magic objects (strength), overcomes the va rious other tales, particu la r. .

three giants one after the other (sometimes their motheq, too) [G500]. Literature/Variants:
In the giants' lodging the youth finds a magic horse [8184.1] and Finnish: Rausmaa 79821f.1, \c -
armour of three different metals (magic weapons, immeasurable 314B*; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1 9'r :
wealth, helpful spirits, enchanted persons). Paunonen 7974; Karelian: Kec..
The king promises his daughter to whoever rescues her from a Veckenstedt 1880, No. 10; Russi.:.-
(three) dragon(s) (cf. Type 300), wins a tournament (cf. Type 530), or Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 314A-, 31-:
helps him in battle (cf. Type 314). The youttr, wearing his shining 1965; Cheremis /Mari: Sabitor' 1 ::
Mongolian: Lörincz 1979; Georg.,. :
armour and riding his magic horse, succeeds three times. He with-
draws and hides [R222] until the princess recognizes him as the true
champion. The youth marries the princess and becomes king [L161].
3l4B* SeeType 374A*.

Combinations: 300,511, 650A, and 935. 315 TheFaithless Sister.B: -

Literature/Variants: BP III, 112-114; EM 6 (1990) 1079-1083 (G. Dammann); The brother kills a :-
Scherf 1995 1,631-633,765-768,11,1,067-1,071.,1.447--1.449;Dekker et at.1997, L62- but does not realize tl'i,'.:
165; Röth 1998; Schmidt1999. sister helps the wotr :r -'
Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff .I; Lappish: Qvigstad 1927ff.I, Nos. 5,6, cf.III, No. lover. In order to get :r
40; Swedish: Segerstedt 1884, 81,ff .; Danish: Kristensen 1883ff. III, No. 5Z sends him out to EIer '
Kristensen 1896f.1, No. 9, Holbek1990, No. 6; Scottish: Aitken/Michaelis-Jena [K2212.0.2]. The bro t1.,.
1965, Nos. 2,L0;Ilish B6aloideas 1(1928)290)97,388-394,2(1929)L4U156,268- (give him a whistle).
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202 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

After the first attempt fails, the sister binds her brother with a 315A The Cannibal Sister. )-
silk thread, or she sends him to a magic mill n,here the animals are birth to a daughter. Tr'
kept. brothers and parents, .::-
When the couple is about to kill the brother, he rn,histles for the [G30, G346]. Onh, one '-
animals. They (break out from the mill and) tear the robber to pieces. night someone devol:: -
The faithless sister is irnprisoned (has to repent and to fill a barrel fail, but the younec- -
u,ith her tears). sister as the cannibal :-.
The brother takes to the road, resclles a princess from a dragon The vouth is driven .:
[R111.1.1], and marries her [L161]. Cf. Tvpe 300. r,rith his mother or r .i
The sister is brought to the court. She tries to take revenge on her Thevouth mAII'--
brother by putting a (poisoned) bone into his bed. The brother dies. (young lions, panthe:.
The animals lick the bone out of his bodv and he revives. The sister thing devastated.
is punished by, death. His sister devou:. --

While she is sharpcl :

Combinations: This type is usuallv combined rt ith episodes of one or more other ment to prove he is ::
§/pes, esp. 300, 590, and also 302, 303, 304, 313, 314, 314A., 318, and 3274. lBs21l.
Remarks: Frequently an introduction to Type 300; structure simiiar to Type 590. The youth escalrt> -' l
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff. ! 168 No.92; Köhler/Bo1te 1898ff. I,303- -li.-:
sister gnaws dou r.r
305; BP I, 551 553, lII, 2; Thompson 1951, 173-777; Matiöetov 1956; Schr.r,arzbaum
1968, 90; Scherf 79951,57-62,261-265,375-378, 413-417; Röth 1998; Schmidt
to :ave him and ki : '
1999; EM: Schrvester: Die treulose S. (forthcoming).
Firrr.rislr: Rausmaa 1982ff . 1, No. 17; Finnish-Sn edish: Hackman 1917f . t, No. 53; Combinations: 313, 314, 31i .'. '-
Estoni.n: Aarne 1 918; Latvian: Aräjs / Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelyt ö 1999ff . Literature/Variants: Fara;:.,' I "'
I; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925; Wepsian, Karelian, Syrjaniarr: Kecskem6ti /Paunonen lOoT-1071; Röth IqqS; ENl::.
197:1; Danish: Kristensen 1881ff. III, No. 17, Skattegraveren 8 (1887) 6-9; Irish: ö
Lappish: Szabö 1967, No. -i1 : t:
;rnian: Schullerus/Brednich er -:
SLlilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French:Delarue 1957; Spanish, Basque: Camarena/
Cher.alier 1995lf.II; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Custddio/Galhoz 1952, 49ff.; Bulgarian: Koce-. -
7996f.I,101ff., Cardigos (forthcoming); Luxembourg: Gredt 1883, No. 912; German: Russian: Afan;s'ev / Baraq ."
Ranke 1955ff. I, Neumann 1971, No.67; Ladinian: Decurtins 7896ff.II, No. 1; Boratar,1953, Nos. 108 III 3-. ,=-
Italian: Aprile 2000 I; Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 81; Hungarian: MNK II; \{ode 1983ff. I, No. 68, II, Nrr. i- ,
Czech: Tille 1921,77ff.,62fi.,Til\e1929ff.1,3201f .,117,252ff .;Slovakian: Gasparikovä
Kabiror./ Schachmatov I95:r -'
1997f.I, Nos. 81, 231,292,299; Slovene: Bolhar 7971,724tf.; Serbian: öajkanoviö Doerfer 1983, No. 87; Kalnr" . -
1927, Nos. 23,21, cf . Nos.22,5d Escl-rker 1992,
Rrökoroj lqq0. No. ll; ftrr.r: ..
No. 18; Croarian: Caal/Ner,r'eklowsky
1983, No. 26; Rumanian: Scl-rullerus 1928; Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek: Svrian: El-Shamy 2004; Pale.,-.'
Halrn 1918 I, Nos. 1, 24, Megas lPuchner 1998; Potish: Krzy2anorvski 1962f . t; 2004; |ordanian, lraqi, Qatar: : :
Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Türkish: Eberhard/Boratar. 1953, No. 149, Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marz.r-':-
cf- No. 1,18; Jervish: Noy 1963a, No. 15; Gvpsy: MNK X 1; Advgea:Alieva 1986; Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1 -':
Cheremis /Mari: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 197 4, Sabitor, 1989; Chuvash, Tatar, 701 .1,,107.2; Japanese: Ikecla 1'-
Mordvinian, Votyak, Vogul / Mar.rsi: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 1 974; yakut: Ergis Halpert/Widdo'nson 1996 I \
1967, Nos. 178,274,215,219; Mongolian: Lörincz 1979; Ossetian: Ler.in 1978, No. Egvptian, Algerian: El-Shamr -
5; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Lebanese, Palestinian: No.vvak 1969, No. l37,El-
2004; Sudanese: El-Shamv 10,- - -
Shamy 2004; Jordanian, Iracli, Persian Gr-rlf, Saudi Arabian, Oman, Kur.r,aiti,
Qatar, Yemenite: El-Sham1,2004; Indian: Thompson /Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting 316 The Nix of the MiIl-P..
1978, Bäcker 1988, No.23; Korean: Choi 1979, No. 101.1; French-Car-radian: promises his son IS1-
Lemietrx 7971ff.IIl, No.9; Spanish-American: Robe 1973, Camarena/Chevalier fisherman wealth\.. Ti-.
7995ft.Il; Dominican, Puerto Rican, Chilean: Hansen 1957; Mayan: Peiialosa 1992; When the app. :

West Indies: Flon,ers 1953; Egyptian: Nor.vak 1969, No. 132, E1-Shamy 2004; father's promise antl r .
Moroccan: lopper l()Bo, No. 14. El-sharnr 200-l; Algeriarr. Sudane,e: EI-Shamv ol an arrimal Jmon! .
2004; Namibian: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 870.
taking the animals' c;':
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201 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

receives from the grateful animals the power to transform himself Combinations: 300, 302, 3lJ. +
into their shapes. Using this power he wins a princess as his wife. Remarks: Documented in the r.:
After winning a battle (while hunting) the youth comes near the Literature/Variants: Köhler r' Btr-:.
water and is seized and pulled down (swallowed) by the water nix E}47 (1977) 1381-1386 (Ä. K.,.';:
[F420.5.2.2]. By offering precious objects (three golden apples), his 601,731.-736; Röth 1998, No. f .:
wife tempts the nix to the surface. In exchange for these objects the Latvian: Aräjs /Medne 1977 ; F re"
water nix exhibits her husband: first up to his head, then up to his Hungarian: MNK II, Nos. 31L =.: i
waist. When the water nix exhibits the husband's whole body, he II, No. 448; Slovene: Mödern.r -
Birlea 1966 1,411ff.; Polish: Btrk-
changes into a bird and escapes 1R152,D642.2].
Stephani 1998, No. 15; Gyps,, : E:
Mari: Sabitov 1989; Mongolian: -
Combinations: 302, 329, and 665.
7974ff.11, No.2,IV No. 13, \l l'.
Remarks: First documented in the 16th century by straparola, piaceaoli notti
(III,4),
Literature/Variants: Köhler / Bolte lBgBIf .I, 175-178;Bp III, 922124; Scherf L995 318 The Faithless Wife. - *
1,339142,11,889-890,912-914; Röth 1998; Schmidt t999;EM tO (2002) 4248 (1. Introduction:
Köhler-Zülch). Two brothers lir'.. : -
Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I, No. 65; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne19Z7;Lappish: is married. The rr ii. . .
Qvigstad 7925, B artens 2003, No. 22; Ly dian, Karelian: Kecskem6ti / paunonen refuses her. She co:' :'
1974;Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Skattegraveren attacked her IK2 I I

6 (1886) 113-121; Scottish: Campbell 1890ff. I, No. 4; Irish: ö Süille;bhäin/ In some varianr. :
Christiansen 1963; French: Tegethoff L923 II, No. 10, Delarue 1957; Spanish: caught and castratr -:
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. II; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Dutch: Sinninghe
falls in iove r,r,ith hr::-
1943; German: Ranke 1955ff .1, Grimm KHM/Uther L996III, No. 181, Bechstein/
When the king 1earn. -
Urher L997 I, No. 41; Ladinian: Utfer 1,973,128ff .;Hungarian: MNK II; Bulgarian:
BFR No. *316*; Greek: Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999; Russian: cf. Afanäs,ev/ He is cured by a sr-rp.:r.
Barag et al. 1984f .II, No. 259; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. I, No. 68; Cheremis/Mari: Main part:
Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; F r ench-Canadian: Barbeau 1 91 Z No. 52; US-Amer- A youth acquir. - "
ican: Baughm an1966; spansh-American: Robe 1973, Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff. sword, shirt that im':.:
II; Mexican: Wheeler 1943, Nos. 112,115; Dominican: Hansen 1957; puerto Rican: (by theft, by other r: -
Flowers 1953; Chilean: Pino Saavedra1,967, No.4; West Indies: Flowers 1953. victorious and, in i;:, r

The princess h;.. .-,

317 The Tree That Grows up to the sky (previously The stretching Tree). give her the magic :'
(Including the previous Type 468.) In a king's yard. atree grows up is killed and, as 1.re i-..::
to the sky [F54.1]. A dragon (giant) living in the tree carries off ttre on his horse and car: :
princess. The king promises her as a wife to whoever can bring her The dead youth -.
back. In some variants, the king promises his daughter to whoever power of sel[-trarr-r
brings him healing fruits from the tree. sold to the king. Th. -:

After noble canditates have failed, a young swineherd succeeds husband and order: ::-
in climbing the tree wearing iron boots [e502.2]. In the upper world catches drops of its :,- .
the youth guards the dragon's magic horse which tells him (he asks The princess recogr' .

the princess to find out) where the dragon,s power is hidden. The that it be felled. (On r- ,
youth kills the dragon, returns to earth together with the princess, a pond, where it tr,rl:'..
and marries her. The lover, leavin:: ,r
In some variants, in the upper world the youth watches over the drake. The drake bec-.
magic horses of a fairy (Tünd6r Ilona) who gives him clothes of his rival and his trea;-
coppe{, silvel, and gold. The fairy falls in love and marries the youth.
The youth enters a forbidden chamber [C611] and frees u d.ugon Combinations: 301, 3028, 303, :1
which carries off the fairy. Continuation as in Type 302C*. Remarks: The introduction c.'r'-

Etr-
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1ü96I rotouroq 16661 dssorudps:'Ilttr 'I'#g6gl aqog/raiq9):slueue /arnlsrallT aLI+ r€au sauror glnod aq1 (Srrqunr
'drnluac LII6I dpea arp ur paluawnrog :s)reruau 'aJIM slq se ssacur,rd E sur^ aq r
'Igg pue '00V'rLe'Z\t '00t :suorleurquro] o1
.ra.trod aq1
,lasunq urrorsuerl
rrHeyq yo sa1e1 t8Z flr :sz lcc
],
206 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

20). In some variants, this part is missing. The Egyptian Two Brothers Tale was 1990; Yakut: cf. Ergis 1967, No -:
documented in the 13th century B.C.E. That literary composition includes ele- 7866ff.I, No.5; Chadian: cf. Iu:--
ments from three different tale-types, Types 3028, 318, and 87OC*.
Literature/Variants: BP IV, 96-98; Sydow 1930; Ranke 1934b,113-130; Liungman 322* Magnetic Moutltain D
1946; Horilek L964; Tubach 1969, No. 2840; EM 2 (1979) 925-940 (K. Horälek);
to a magnetic mtrL:'..
Schwarzbaum 1982,122; Hotlis 1990; E}47 (1993) 640-648 (C. Reents/I. Köhler-
Znlch); Scherf 19951,1.32-1.38,11,1244-1247,1393-1396; Röth 1998, No.590A
washed ashore urr.:,:-
(318); Hansen 2002, 332152. F10681, the king tin.i.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1.982ff. I, No. 18; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne-J-977; Lithuanian: 1D10921. As instnr.' . '
Kerbelytö 1999ff . I; Livoniaru Wepsian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 1974, Nos. 318, [C331] or speakinr
'-
5904; Swedish: Liungman 1949ff., 73f., Liungr:rran 1961,, No. GS367; Danish: horse in a temple rr -::-
Kristensen-1.871ff. XII, No. 3, Kristensen 1898, No. 1; Icelandic: Boberg 1966, No. the king buries thc .- :
K2l1,l; French: Luzel 1887 III, No. 6; Spanish, Basque: Camarena/Chevalier copper man arrir r - .

1,995ff.II, No. 5904; German: Plen2at1927,25, Henßen 1955, No. 449,lHenßen moment.
1963b, Nos. 1,2, 1,3,Berger 2001; Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 101; Hungarian: Tn some vari.r'-:- '
MNK II, No. 318, Dömötör 1992, No. 41, Dömötör 2001, 276; Czech: Tille L921,,
293ff ., Tllle 1929 f{. I, 212ff ; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1.99 | f . I, No. 200; Croatian:
.
Remarks: Rich literary tratli:. :-
BoSkoviö-Stulli1963, No.44; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, No.3158*; Bulgarian: Literature/Variants: Clra Lr r .'
BFP, Nos. 318, 590A, Koceva 2002, No. 590A; Greek Megas/Puchner 1998, No. (1999) 24-27 (C. Lecouteur
5904; Polish: KrzyZanowski1962I.I, No. 568; Russiary Byelorussiary Ukrainian: Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Cern','-
SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No.221; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. IV, Nos. 199,
Hungarian: MNK II, Benecle- . -
211,240, MNK X 1; Adygea: Alieva1986; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ri/paunonen MNK X 7;kaqi, El-Shamr 1..-:
1974, Nos. 31,8, 590 A, Sabitov 1989; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti / Paunon en 197 4,
Nos. 318, 5904; Mongolian: cf. Llrincz 1.979; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000;
Syrian: El-Shamy 2004; Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 5904; Jordaniary Iraqi:
325 The Magician arrd 17:
El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 318, 5904; French-American: Carriöre 1932 No. 36;Egyp- magician [D I; I I .
tiary A1geriary Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 318, 5904; Sudanese: El-Shamy of the apprenticesl.,r:
2004, No.5904. The youth sect'ct \
faiher iderrtifie' l.l''
321 Eyes Recooered from Witch. A youth takes service as a herdsman with the help oi r, .
with ablind man (couple) whose eyes have been stolen by one or him. The son is rele,:..
more dragon(s) (gianf witcfu fairy). The youth is warned not to take The father S€11: ,:-.
his flock to pasture beyond a certain point, but he disobeys. He and a horse, btit th. .
meets a dragon and defeats it or tricks it. He retrieves the stolen eyes them (leash, \,oke. --:
1D2161.3.1.11or receives a magic remedy which enables him to cure [D672,K252]. But a: :
the blind man. cian's influence bec.:, -
magician take the ::. --
Combinations: 300A" 301,314A,3t7, 592,725, and 11,59. mented by the ma- .
Remarks: First documented in the 19th century. Finally the l.outir . -
Literature/Variants: Köhler / Bolte 1.898ff. l, 432-436; EM 1 (1977) 998-1002 (A. the magician in a tr::- -
Dömötör/Ä. Koväcs); Röth 1998. into hare, fish, bircl . .: -
Estonian: Kallas 1900, No. 8; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö
formed into a rin; .:-.
1999f1.1; Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tillel929ff .I,B3ff .; Slovakian: Michellcj44,
the magician asks :..:
174ff.,Ga§parkovä1984,70ff.;Serbian:Öajkanovi6 1.927,No.1,8,Ö,ajkanovit1,934,
No. 11, Paniö-Surep 1964, No. 21; Croatian: Smiöiklas 1910ff.15, No. 1, Vujkov grains of corn fall on .;-
1953,152ff., Bo§koviö-Stulli1g7sb, No.2; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, Schullerus/ to eat the corn, br-rt ::
Brednich et al. 1977 , 564ff .; Bttlgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek Angelopoulos / rooster's head [L11i -
Brouskou 1999; Polish: Malinowski 1900,701f.; RussiarL Byelorussian, Ukrainian:
SUS; Gypsy:Aichele/Block1962, No.45, Mode 1983ff. I, No. 15, MNKX 1;
Combinations: 313, 314, 400, ar-:
Abkhaz: Levin1978, No. 7; Karachay: Levin 1978, No. 4; Armenian: Gullakjan Remarks: Parts of the tale can 1..
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!
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208 Hans-]örg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

The first complete version appears in the 16th century in Straparola, Piaceooli notti 325* The Sorcerer's Allprti,
(vIII,4). sorcerer/s apprentice .

Literature/Variants: Chauvinl992ff .YI,84ff . No. 252, VI[, 148 No. 147; Polivka up a spirit, but canni.
1898b; Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. I, 388, 556-558; BP II, 60-69; Cosquin1922a,469-6t2; the verse backr'r-ard.
Polivka t929f.I1,1-108; Christiansen 1959, 246f.;Schwarzbaum1968,5-6,90, M2;
Scherf 1995 I, 110-113, 748-751.,1I,868-87L,1O96-t098,1436-144t; Dekker et al.
Combination s: 31.3, ll7 2.
1997,368-371; Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999; Anderson 2000, 11,0f .;Marzolph/Van Literature/Variants: BP II, 6.--: -
Leeuwen 2004, Nos. 118,479; EM: Zauberer und Schüler (in prep.).
Dekker et al. 1997, 368-371; h: :'
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.1, No. 19, jauhiainen 1998, No. D 221; Finnish-Swedish:
Finnish: Rausmaa 798211.1,4, ! I.:.
Hackman l9L7f .1, No. 59; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926;Latvian: Iq58, No. 3020; Scotti'h: Bli---
Aräjs/Medne 'J.977; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff. I; Lappish: Kecskemdti/ Briggs 1970f. AI,4111., B L 1::,
Paunonen 1974,Bafiens 2003, No. 23;Karelian, Syrjanian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen Frisian: Kooi lq84a, Kooi >.:.,. -
1974;Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Chiistiansen 1958, No.300O Hodne
1981, No. 180; German: Per-rci.:.
1984; Danish: Grundtvig l854lf. I, Nos. 255, 256, Kristensen 1890, No. 105,
l975ft.IYa, No. 3324, Berger I
Kristensen 1,896f. I, No. 3; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929; 200, 209f ., 571., fi, 115, 159, r -
Scottish: McKay 194O No. 1.6, Briggs 1970L AI, 162f., 347ff ., B Il, 6141.; Irish: ö l-'-
Büchli/ Brunold-Bigler '
Süilleabhäin / Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue 1957 ; Spanish: Camarena / Krzy2anowski1962f.II, \o :
Chevalier 1995ff.II; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. DL719.1, Oriol/pujol 2003; -
Portuguese: Bruga 1987 l, t02f ., 103f., Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi .-.
1984a, Kooi/Schuster 1994, No. 19; Flemish: Meyer 1968; Germän: Ranke lgliff.
325** SorcererPunished.
I Grimm KHM/Uther 19961I, No. 68, Bechstein/Uther 1997I, No. 35; Austrian: a farmer'ssheep . '-

Haiding 1977a,No.11; Ladinian: Decurtins 1896ff.II, No. 101, X, No.4, Xly,92; witched and gro, - '
Italian: Aprile 2000 I; Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tille1921,299,T1lleI929ff.I,30;
Slovakian: GaSparikovä 199Lf.I, Nos. 163, 214,233,304, II, No.555; Slovene: Flere Literature/Variants:
1931, l32ft.; Serbian: Eschker 1992, No. 8, Djordjeviö/Milosevi6-Djortljeviö 1988, Polish: Krz,ru2anowski 1961i . l.
No. 30; Croatian: Bo5koviö-Stulli 1963, No. 19, BoSkovit-Stulli 1975b, No. 5; No.26.
Bosnian: Krauss /Burr et aL.2002, No. 2Z Rumanian: Schullerus 1928,Birlea 1966
I, 493ff ., III, 407f .; Bulgarian: BFR Koceva 2002; Albanian: Lambertz 1952, 9ff .; 326 The Youth Who \\nr':,
Greek: Karlinger 1979, No. 16, Megas/Puchner 1998; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, Nos. does not knon r. ,- '
28, 29 ; P olish: Kr zy 2 anow ski 19 62f . I; Russian, Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; frightening e\[-cr r '
Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 169; ]ewish: Jason 1988a, Haboucha1992; shaved by a barl'. ---'
Gypsy: MNK X 1; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, No. 58; Adygea: Alieva 1986;
[H1415] or in a ]r.:.-: :-
Cheremis / Mari: Sabitov 1989 ; T atar, Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti / p aunonen L97 4; (bowling [E577.i] :::
Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; Yakut: Ergis 1967, Nos. 106, 235; Kalmyk:Lörincz
1979;Georgian: Kurdovanidze2000; Syrian, Palestiniary ]ordaniary Iraqi, eatar:
Through hls ie-:: -
El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Afghan: Grjunberg/Steblin-Kamenskov [reasure, a pronrir..: :
1976, Nos. 11,39; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Blackburn200L, No.4; paki- fear is when colc-l r'. .: .:
stani: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting 1978, No. 325, cf. No. 3254; his bed while he r. .:.
Korean: Choi1979, Nos. 122.1., 37L,374; Indoneiian: Vries 1925f. II, 404 No. 132; off head is put .'r' -

]apanese: lkeda 1971,, No. 325, cf. Nos. 3258, g2SC, Inadaf Ozawa L977ff.; woman in his bed.
Polynesian: Kirtley 1971, No. D1719.1; English-Canadian: Halpert/Widdowson
1996 I, No. 15; French-Canadian: Barbeau 1916, No. 17; US-American: Baughman Combinations: This type i- Lr-.
1966; Spanish-American: TFSP 12 (1935) 61-66,Robe L978, Camarena/Chävaher types, esp. 300, and also 3l: ::
1995ff. II; African American: Dorson 1956, No. 29; South American Indian: 7640.
Wilbert/Simoneaul-992, No. D1719.1; Mexican: Robe 1973; Mayan: peflalosa Remarks: Documented in thc -
1992;Dominicary Puerto Rican, Argentine: Hansen 1957; Chilean: pino Saavedra Literature/Variants: BP I, ll-'-
1960ff.,I, No. 25; West Indies: Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: parsons 1923b I, No. Christiansen 195e,247f .; E\) =

1L4; Egyptian: Nowak 1969, N o. 224, El-Shamy 200 4; Llby an, Algerian: El-Shamy 1995; Scherf 79951,321f., II, !:--
2004; Tunisiary Moroccan: Nowak 1969, No. 224, El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese, 1999; Anderson 2000, 772-111
Tanzanian: El-Shamy 2004. Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, \r -
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 270 Hans-Jürg Uther FFC 284 FFC 28.1

Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926;Latvian: Aräjs/Mednet977;Lithu- cf. BFP, No. *326,4**; Greek: Ar.ic.
anian: Kerbelytö l999ff .I; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Nos.326E*,326].; Gypsy: M\K ''
Danish: Kristensen 1881ff. III, No. 61, Kristensen 1890, Nos. lö1,709, Kristensen cf. Ikeda 1971, Nos. 326A,3268 1-
1896f .II, No. 22; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929; Scottish: Baughman 1.966; lrrsh: ö Halpert/Widdowson 1996 I, \i -
Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: Baughman t960, Brrggs 1970f . AI, Chevalier 1995ff . lI; Mexican: R r,':-.
204ff .;French: Delarue 1957; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier l99\f{.11, Gonzillez 326.A.
Sanz1,996; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al.
1963f .1, Nos. 171, 251,252,256, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Sinninghe 1943,
3268* TheYouth andthe Cctr .:
Kooi 2003, Nos. Z 25,112,113; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1.968,Meyer I
Sinninghe 1.973; German: Ranke 1955ff .I, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 4,
youth carries ä corf-:r
-:
Bechstein/Uther 1997l, Nos. 30, 8Q cf. Berger 2001, No. 326E*; Austrian: Haiding pretending to e.rt rr
1953, No. 59, Haiding 1969, No. 174;Ladinian: Decurtins 1\96ff. X, 627 No. 15; the corpse, he or-erp,-"
Italian: Aprile 2000 I; Corsican: Massignon1963, No. 48; Sardinian: Aprile 2000 I; her. Cf. Type 1653.
Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tllle 1929f1.1, 193f1.,460ff.,il 1, lO3ff.fSlovakian:
Ga§par(kovä 1991,f.I, Nos.30, 188,220,303,324,If Nos. 3Bl,S32;S1ovene: Byhan Literature/Variants:
1,958, 1,29ff .; Serbian: ÖajkanoviC 1929, No. 54, Djordjeviö /MiloSevi6-Djordjeviö Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977.' :
1988, Nos. 32,33, t36, Eschker 1992, No. 30; Croatian: Boskoviö-Stulli 1975b, No. 79701. A II, 380; English: Bris:. --
20; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928;Bulgarian: BFP, No. 326, cf. Nos. *3261,*3262, 1996; Russian, Byelortrssian, '- . :.,
Koceva2002, No.326, cf. Nos. *326r,"326r; Greek Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999;
Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 30; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; Russian, Ukrainian: 327 The Children and tltt Ct:
SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 284; |ewish: ]ason 1965; Gypsy: Briggs It combines episorl=. -
1970f. A1,140t.,350,395f ., 404, MNK X 1; Cheremis /Mari: Sabitov til§; Syri{n,
fra_qr, Qatar:
El-Shamy 2004; Yemenite: Nowak 1969, No. 162, EI-Shamy 2004; Combinations: 300, 313, 311 : - -
Indian: Thompson/ Roberts 1960; French-Canadian: Barbeau /Daviault 1940 No. Literature/Variants: Charr r''
16, Lemieux 1974ft.I[, No.28, tV, No. 13, VI, Nos. 28,3S,lX, No.3, XI, No. 1, XVII, 7973, 55-69,81f.; Galley 19, , : r-
No. 1; US-American: Baughman 1966; Spanish,American: TFSP 25 (1953) 247- Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, 1: -i
249, 33 (1966) 107 , 34 (1967) 109f., Robe 1973, Camarena / Chevalie r 1,995ft. II; Kecskemdti/Paunonen laIJ -
African American: Dorson 1958, Nos. 40, L}l; Mexican: Robe 1978; Dominican: Hodne 1984; Faeroese: Nlr'.::-
Hansen L957 ; Pterto Rican: Hansen 1,957, No. 326*4; Mayan: p efi,alosa 1992; Bruford r MacDonald 1ou-i, f
Brazilian: Alcoforado / AIbän 2001, No. 19; Chilean: Hansen 1.957 , Nos. 326, 1i>h: Briggs A I, -iOf tr =--
1970f .
326*A; West Indies: Flowers L9l3;Egypttan, Algeriary Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; Massignon 1968, No. 50; Ca::. ..
Namibian: Schmidt 1.989 lI, Nos. 1028, 2190; South African: Coetzee et ai. tgOZ, Meyer/Sinninghe 1973, No. -:---
Grobbelaar 1981; Malagasy: Haring 1982, No. L7.926. Neumann 1971, No. 70; Aust: .-, '
1975, Appari 1992, No.42; Sarrl,:- :
326A* Soul Released from Torment. A poor soldier spends a night in a I, Nos. 275,255,317,I1, Nos -:
haunted house to earn a reward. He is not afraid of dragging chains, Djorcljeviö/Milo§evi6-Diordje. -
cries, falling limbs, etc. The soldier releases a restless spirit from Polish: cf. Krzy2anowski 1961i '
prrnishment by his fearless behavior (by giving its ill-gotten gains to 288 III 3 (var. e); Jewish: Jasor ,:.-
charity). He discovers a treasure (and may keep part of MNK X 1; Ossetian: Bjazl.ror. - -''
it fo. Mansi: Kecskemeti/ Paunorr. '
himself).
TatL:-
1967, Nos. 83,81,213,215; .

25; Palestinian, Jordanian, Qa.... :

Literature/Variants:
1984; Indian: |ason 1989; Chir.rc...
Scottish: Briggs 1970f . AI, 159,200f .,308ff., B I, 434ff ., S97f .;kish: ö Sriilleabhain/
Christiansen 1963; English: Briggs 1970f. AI,280If .,541ff ;French: Tegethoff 1923 Choi Iq7q, No.285; lndone-ia'
II, No. 14; Spanisfu Basque: Camarena/Chevalier l99bff.II; Catalan: -Oriol/pujol French-Canadian: Barbeau 191: l
can: Baughman 1966; French-Al:-.
2003; Portuguese: Soromenho/Soromenho1984f.I, Nos. j.42,149-1,52, Cardigos
1 943, No. 61; Br azllian: Alcof or;. :
(forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a No.326, Kooi/Schuster 1994, No.5a; German:
Tomkowiak L993, 245, Bechstein/Uther L997 I, No. 30; Ladinian: cf. Büchli/ 1960f1.I, Nos. 14,24; West Incli..
Brunold-Bigler 1989ff.r1,407f.; Italian: Cirese/seraf inirgTs;Martese: Mifsud- Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; East -
Chircop 1.978;Hungarian: MNK II; Croatian: Stojanovi6 1862 No. 10; Bulgarian: Crobbelaar 1981; Malagasy: Har :'

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 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 28,1

327A Hansel and Gretel. A (poor) father (persuaded by the stepmother) Nowak 1969, No. 184; Iraqi: Non ..r,
abandons his children (a boy and a girl) in the forest 15321,51,431. Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson Ii
Twice the children find their way back home, following scattered 1979, No. 133; Indonesian: Vries .
pebbles [R135]. On the third night, birds eat the scattered peas Americanlndian: Thompson 1919r :
(bread-crumbs) [R135. 1]. 1,995f1.II; Mexican, Costa Rican, -
Puerto Rican, Colombian: Han..:
The children come upon a gingerbread house which belongs to
Carvalho-NetoL966, Nos.5 7, 1-
a witch (ogress) 1G401,F777.7.70, G412.71. She takes them into her
1955a, 232ff ., Alcoforado / Albän l
house. The boy is fattened [G82], while the girl must do housework. Flowers 1953; Egyptian: Norra^
The witch asks the boy to show his finger in order to test how fat he Shamy 2004; Algerian: Nor,r,ak 1'":
is [G82.1], but he shows her a bone (stick) [G82.1.1]. When the witch 184, El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese: E -r
wants to cook the boy, the sister deceives her by feigning ignorance 1030; Malagasy: Haring 1982.
and pushes her into the oven 1G526, G51,2.3.21. (The witch's son
finds out that his mother has been killed and pursues the children.) 3278 The Brothers and tlte O ,

The children escape, carrying the witch's treasure with them. Seven (three, twelr e ::- i
Birds andbeasts (angels) help them across water. They returnhome. they are given nigh:
Cf.Type327. brothers's heads. In t :;.
gives them nightcap> :-
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other gest, Thumbling) det.r :,
types, esp. 3278,327C,328, and also 300, 303,310,3L3,315, 407, 450,510A, 511, caps of the ogre's dar,::r-
1119, and1721..
head-scarves, chanir .
Remarks: This type first appears 1698 (Madame d'Aulnoy, Finette Cendror). Intro-
night, the ogre cLrts .-
ductory parts of this type first appear in the late 16th century (Montanus, Garten-
gesellschaft, No.5). [K1611]. The brothers ..
Literature/Variants: Cosquin 1910; BP I, 115-126; EM 6 (1990) 498-509 (W.
Scherf); Böhm-Korff 1991.; Scherf 1995 1,271f., 306-309, 372-324, S4B-5b4,719- Combinations: This type is u-Lr.l
721,11,774f.,856-860, 902f.,909-912,1168-1171; Dekker et al. t997,158-161; Röth types, esp. 327A,328,531, 111v ,':
1998; Schmidt 1999; Goldberg 2000. Remarks: The oral traditior-r is .

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tf . I, No. 21; Finnish-Swedish: Hackm an t917 f . I, Nos. potrcet.
56c(2,9),57a; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne Literature/Variants: Köhler i' Brr-:.
1977;Lithranian: Kerbelytö 1999ff.1;Lappish: Qvigstad 1925; Wepsian, Karelian: 199-501.lr1,77-79; Hagen la;1 -
Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Sw edish: Liungman 1 961, No. 327 ABC; Danish: EM 2 (1979) 268-27 0 (H. Lirie1.1
Kristensen 1881ff. L No. 2O Christensen/Badker 1963ff., No. 38; Faeroese: Nyman 237-240,682-685; EM 8 (1996) lr.-.
1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929;hish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen1963;Fiench: Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999; Ancle:.
Delarue 1957; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995f1. II, Gonzälez Sanz1.996; Finnish: Rausmaa 7982ff.I, Nos. l-
Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al. t96gf.l, 57e, 58(5); Estonian: Aarne 1'-i
Nos. 194, 195,203,267,269,270,277, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Sinninghe Kerbelytö 7999ff .I; Lappish: Kc..-
1943,Kooi 2003, No.20; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; Walloon: Livoniary Kareliary Syrjanian: Kr:.
Laport -1,932; German: Ranke 1955ff. I, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 15, 1961, No. 327ABC; Scottish, Iri:l' :
Bechstein/Uther 1997 I, No. g Berger 2001; Ladinian: Decurtins l8g6ff.Il, No. 25; ish: Camarena/Chevalier 1991r- ,
Italian: Aprile 2000 I; Corsican: Massignon 1963, Nos. 69,81;Maltese: Mifsud- 2003; Portuguese: Vasconcellos :
Chircop 1978; Htngarian: MNK II; Czech: Tille l929fI. I, ZB1,ff., ll I, 213ff., \o. 565, Cardigos ([orthcom in -
Klimovä 1966, No. 3; Slovakian: GaSparikovä 1991f.1, No. 169, II, Nos. 395,414; 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; Ge::
Slovene: Krek 1885, 53; Serbian: Karadäit lg3Z No. 35, Djordjeviö/Miloseviö- No. 34; Austrian: Haiding 1977 a ".
Djortljeviö 1988, No. 383; Croatian: Bo§kovi6-Stulli1961, No.20; Rumanian: Birlea Chircop 1978; Hungarian: N1,\l -

1966 1,485ff., Iil,406f.;Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek: Angelopoulos/ 1929tf .117, 170ff .,II 2, 195ff.; 51r.' .'

Brouskou 1999; Polish: KrzyLanowski 1962f. I; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 31; Djordjeviö / Milo§evii-Djordjer i i -

Russian, Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS;|ewish: Noy 1963a No. 17; Gypsy: MNK Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; C:.
X 1; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Chuvash, Mordvinian, Vogul/Mansi: Kecskem6ti/ Ukrainian: SUS; Byelorussian: SL:
Paunonen 1974;Cheremis/Mari: Sabitov 1989; Mongolian:Lörincz1979;Syrian: Boratav 1953, Nos. 760,167 III,25:

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 214 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

No. 61; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Chuvash: M6szäros 1912, No. 6; Yakut: 8rg1s1967, 327D The Kiddelkaddelkar. -:,
No. 79; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Syrian, Palestinian, ]ordanian, Iraqi, come to the hou>e oi a.'
Persian Gulf, Saudi Arabiafl, QataL Kuwaiti: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/
ogre discovers then-i ..r-
Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting 1978; Indonesian: cf. Vries 1925f. II,405 No. 149;
the ogre to shor,v the::'
Japanese: Ikeda197l; English-Canadian: Halpert/Widdowson 1996 I, Nos. 1Z 18;
North American Indian: Thompson 1919, 357tr.;IJS-Americary African American: begs to be released ar,:
Baughman 1966; French-American: Ancelet 1994, No. 18; Spanish-American: kar", a magic cart put--
TFSP 25 (1953) 217--219, Robe L973, Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.II; Mexican: The children flee ,::'
Robe 1973; Dominican, Puerto Rican: Hansen1.957; Brazilian: Cascudo 1955a, their route. The third :-
237ff.;West Indies: Flowers 1953; Egyptian, Libyan, Tunisian: El-Shamy 2004; betrays the children '.
Algerian" Moroccan: Nowak 1969, No. 197,El-Sharny 2004; Cameroon: Kosack the children's pr€Ser'L::
2001,,47; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004; Namibian: Schmidt 1989I1, No. 1031; Mala- The children kil1 him :- -:
gasy: F{aring 1982. a giant bird eats the .:
with the ogre's treas.r::
327C The Deoil (Witch) Carcies the Hero Home in a Sack. A witch (ogre)
entices a boy (conceived by magic, Thumbling) into her bag and Literature/Variants: Scheri 1 9::
carries him away (from his home). By deceiving the witch (putting German: Müllenhoff 1845, \.-
stones, thorns, mud, etc. in his place), the boy is able to escape twice Serbian: Öajkanovi6 1927, \r.: -
from the bag. The third time, the witch carries him to her home. Bo§koviö-Stulli1975b, No.9; f .-. .
He is to be killed by the witch's daughter. The boy tricks the 164f.; Turkish: Spies 1967, Ncr :-
daughter (by making her show him how he should prepare to be Saudi Arabian, Yemenite: E1-S:'.,
killed [G526]), throws her into a pot (burns her in the oven), and G526; Indonesian: Vries 192rt l. -
serves her as a meal to her family [G61]. He taunts the witc]r, kills
Shamy 2004; WestAfrican: \a..:
her, and returns home (sometimes with the witch's treasure).
327F The Witch and the Fis;:
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other his mother who brin:. :
types, esp. 327 A, and also 3278, 327F, 327 G, 328, 7 00, 1119, and 112'1.. to catch a fisher b. . :
Literature/Variants: Toporkov 1903; BP l, 775-126; Henßen 1953, 9Z-95; EM 7 thin by a smith If l=^ -
(1993) 777-780 (B. Kerbelytö); Scherf 1995 I, 611-614, II, 856-860, t0Z6-1039; When the n itch . :.
Dekker et al. 1997 , 168f .; Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999; Gliwa 2003; Goldberg 2003b. into the oven [G52t, t,
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, No.23; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman l9l7f.I, No.57b, witch that she has e.::;:-
II, No. 202b(19); Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö L999ff. I; ter's ring or hair). H. -
Lappish: Kohl-Larsen 1975, No. 8; Swedish: Liungman 1961, No.327ABC; Nor- the last moment bir.-i. .-
wegian: Hodne 1984; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929;lrish: ö
and he flies home trl- -
Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: ]acobs 1898, 164ff ., Briggs 1.920f. AI,
228f., 322f.; French: Delarue 1957; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier l991ff. II;
while trying to drini . -
Catalan: OriollPtjol2003; Dutch: Sinninghe 1943,Kooi2003, Nos. 12,1.8;Frisian:
Combinations: 327 A-327C, ar. : :
Kooi 1984a, Kooi/Schuster 1993, Nos. 1a-d; Flemish: Meyer L968,Meyerl
Sinninghe 1973, 1976; Walloon: Legros 1962; German: Ranke 1.9SStf.I; Swiss:
Literature/Variants: BP I, ll: :.
Kerbelyte); Scherf 1995 I, 3EE-: - -
Gerstner-Hirzel 1,979, No. 246; Italian: Aprile 2000 I; Hungarian: MNK II;
Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e 1977 ; L'. .:' -
Slovakian: GaSparikovä 1984,77f.; Croatian: Bo5koviö-Stulli197Sb,No. 10; Greek:
111f., Kerbelytö 1978, No. 33, D,
Laogräphia 1l (1934-37) 465ff.,468ff.; polish: Krzyaanowskilg62f.I; Russian,
1972, No. 17; Russian, Bvelonr..
Byelorussiary llkrainian: SUS, No. 327C,F; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos.
160M,161 (3-6);Iewish: Jordanian, Saudi Arabian, Qal.:: :
Jason 1975; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Voryak Kecskem6ti/ 1999, No. 1, El-Shamy 2004; A1=..-
Paunonen t974;Georgian: Kurdovanidze2000; Palestinian: Flanauer l9O7,2l7ff.,
16, El-Shamy 2004.
El-Shamy 2004; Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: c{. Marzolph 1984, No. "311;
Indian: Jason 1989; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; ]apanese: lkedal97l,
89f .; US-American: Baughman 1966; Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; East African: 327G The Brothers dt tlle \\
Klipple 1992,396-399; Congolese: K1ipple 1992,t441.; Namibian: Schmidt l9B9Il, D eztil's üVit ch'sl H o u s t
No. 856; South African: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 857. of them a fool - and fa::,

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ar.Il lnq'uarplrqJ aql slcalord aJIM aqJ 'ar3o ue Jo asnoq arp ol ar'uo)
/uosdruoql :uerpul l7gg7 drueq5-p
'rber1 tuerueprof,uerurlsaled,trpF
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 276 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC284 FFC 28,1

one of them. The fool pretends he does not know how to lie on the 521,528-530,856-860, II,102E 1, l
bread paddle and roasts the daughter, whom the old witch eats Schmidt 1999.
unwittingly. The same happens to the other two daughters [G512.3. Finnish: Rausmaa t9g21i. 1, \rr -
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Laivi..r- -
2.1]. Then the fool kills the old witch and the three brothers make
Wepsian, Svrjanian: Kecskcnr:.
their way home carrying the witch's corpse. They climb a tree under
Norrr egian: Hodne IqB4; DJrrr-
which they see robbers. The fool drops the witch's corpse, the rob- I, Nos. 78,79,IV, No. 43; Far.:.. .

bers flee, and the brothers take all their booty [K335.1.2.1]. Cf. Type Scottish: Aitken / Michaells-l er'..
1653. Sriilleabhäin / Christiansen 1.,.: :
lq70f. A t,221i.,32r,32qfi l
Combinations: 327 A-327 C, 328, 1119, and 1653. Chcvalier 1995ff. II; Catalan: L-r:.
Literature/Variants: 51, Cardigos (forthcoming); \\...
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982f1.I, No.24; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I, No.57c; 1955ff. I; Ladinian: cf. Decurtir-. ' '
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne |977;Llthuantan: Kerbelytö 19991f.1; Norwegian: Opedal Va*signon 1q63, Nor. 5R, no -
1965, No. 29;Brlgarian: cf. BFP; Greek: Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999; Russian: 1978; Hungarian: MNK II; C:.-'
Zelenin 1914, No. 86. vakian: Ca§parikovä 1991f 1 'a
Serbian: Pani6-Surep 196-1, \i
328 The Boy Steals the Ogre's Treasure. (Corvetto.) garian: BFR Koceva 2002; Ä1':..,:- .
Introduction (sometimes missing): Brou,kou lao9; polish: Krzt t . .
Three (tr,r,elve, thirteen, thirty, etc.) brothers arrive at the house 5US; Turkirh: Etrcrh;rd B,''
of an ogre (devil). He would kill them in the night, but the smart Briggs 1970f. AI, 322, 321t l :
youngest brother saves them by exchanging their caps with those of Ve'zä ro> Iq 12, No. 6; Ce, " .
184,El-Shamr 200-l; P.rlerL rr
the ogre's daughters. (Cf. Types 3278, 1119.) The brothers take
1969, No. 184; Indian, Sr:i Lar-.-. '
service at the king's court. -r',
English-Car.radian: Halpert , .-
Main part: Barbeau/Lar.rctot I926, 127ii L.'
The jealous brothers claim that the youngest can steal the ogre's No. Il, XX, No. e; US-Arrr.
treasures [H1151, H911]: magic horse [H1151.9], bedspread, carpet, lq8q, 1481.; 5panish-Amrri
parrot (lamp, sword [D1400.1.4.1], silver or golden pouitrv, musical Chevalier lqqSff. ll; MeriL a '
instruments [D72331, etc.). Using tricks the vouth gets these objects. 328**B; Chilean: Hansen 19r, l'.
Cf. Types 1525,7525A. Algerian, Moroccan: Nou-ak I -':'
At last the brothers claim that the voungesi can kidnap the ogre 2004; South African: Grobl.e,;,::
himself [H1172].In disguise the youth tells the ogre that the thief
died and persuades him to lie dorvn in the coffin to measure it 328A fack and the Beanstti'.
[G514.1]. The youth nails up the coffin, traps the ogre, and is giverr some beans (lrir rrr.
a princess as his lvife. One of the beans gr..'' -
In some variants, the vouth sets out to steal frorn the ogre in climbs to an uppcr ',.. .

order to get revenge for former ill-treatment [G610.1] or to help a The giant's wiie :
friendl,v king [G610.3]. band comes horne. f
In sorne r.ariants, mainlv from northem anei norih-rt estern Eui- tells him he is mist.:. = '
ope and the Ar.nericas, the pioiagonisr is fen.',aie. monev and then iall...-
dow-n the beanstalk '..
Combinations: T'his type is usuaiiv c.-!:-iibii!ed u,rih .,.i:isocles oi cne or morc oili=r hen that lays golc-1e:r .
tvpes, esp 327 !,.,3278, 327C, 5,3i , I ii9, anri :rlso 3C3i\, 3'!'1, 32,5, ':1,2'7, ii?-l, !ri-2. ID1601.181.
end 1i37. The third time, tht -
R.emarks: Docirr:r:pi:ed. :;-, ihe I7th ..rrt,ir.!i b,.; B:i."tle, ?triiLtnitt.,:te (.LtI-,7). runs after Jack. Jack r"i.. .
LiteraturelVariants: Kijhieri Bolte 1898{t. i, -rü5 :1ü8, ':t3,5il:-5\1; BI, III, 33-31.?; it dor,r,r-r. The giant fa11.
I{DM i (1930-33) 366-368 (C. Voretzsch); Fiartl',r,r-,n 03r:, ü8i.; !i;.rclir:1 19cb; plenty of money.
EM3(1981) 149 i56(K.Ranke);Scherf 1995':,2?'l-24{},"15:}:l!E. ii.i'i.1-4a2.,5-")-

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 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Remarks: The beanstalk as a ladder to the sky appears in an English tale from the magic mirror (uncler ::'
early 18th century. The first version of the type is from 1807. transformed) and si:.
Literature/Variants: BP II, 511-513; Desmonde 1965; Humphreys 1965; Wolfen-
ID641]. The prirrc.--
stein 1965; EM 2 (1979) 587; Opie lOpie 1980, 211-226; MacDonald 1982, No.
and marries him,
F54.2.1,.1*; Scherf 1995 1,620-627; Goldberg 2001.
Norwegian: Hodne 1984, No.328; English: Baughman 1966, No.328B; German:
Combinations: 301, 302, ancl ::
Benzel 1962, No. 165; Hungarian: Koväcs 1943II, No. 74; ]apanese: Ikeda1971,,
Literature/Variants: BP III, jo: : -
No. 328; Australian: Jacobs 1898, 59ff., Baughman1966, No. 328B, Briggs 19701.
1995 I, 530-534,627-629,61 --:=,
A I, 316ff .; French-Canadian: Barbeau/Lanctot 1926, 427ff .; US-American: Schmidt 7999 ; E},l Versteckr., . .. -
Baughman 1966, No. 3288; West Indies: Beckwith 1924, No. 114; South African:
Finr-rish: Rausmaa 1982ff. l. \
cf. Grobbelaar 198L, No. 328.
Kerbelvte lqqq[f. l' Wep'1,:;' -
7954ff .1, No. 2; Faeroese: \r-::- .. -
328* Three Giants zpith One Eye (previously A Boy Guarils the King's leahhäinr Christiansen laol F-
Garden). Two brothers lose their way in a forest (a son leaves his 1995ft.il; Catalan: Orioli Puj.. -
parents' house and takes a rest while walking through a forest). Uther 1996 III, No. 191; Hun!1.,:. r '
They are threatened by three giants (trolls) who share only one eye 120, II, No.453; Croatian:8i...
which they put by turns into their foreheads [G121.1]. The brothers 19791.II, No. 10, VraZir.ror sk; - -''
steal the giants'eye [G612] and give it back in exchange for a rich Rumanian: Schullerus 192S; E.; .-,
reward of gold and silver (magic gifts). Brou:kou lqag; Poli'h: Krzr
rusiidn, L krainian: SUS; Irrl - -
Combinations: 300, 530. X 1; Ossetian: Bjazyror. 195! l'. -
Literature/Variants: EM 6 (1990) 84. A1ieva 1986; Cheremis/N{.rrir :,. --
Lappish: Qvigstad 1925, Bartens 2003, No. 24; Norwegian: Kvideland 1977,No. Kazakh: Sidel'nikov 1952 ol-, -
58; Danish: Kamp 1877,1ff.; Spanish: Childers 1977,No. GL21.1..2*; German: laube iq78, No.25; Ceorgi. '
Meyer 1921,26ff .; Gypsy: MNK X 1. Ting 1978; French-Canadiar-,: -.-
American: Robe 1973, Cam.rre:-..
108ff.; Chilean: Pino Saaverl:... ' '
328A* Three Brothers Steal Back the Sun, Moon, and Star. Three brothers
Egyptian, Algerian: El-Shar.r','. -
go out to retrieve the sun, the moon, and the stars which were stolen
by three multi-headed dragons (devils). One of the brothers (often
the son of a she-dog) defeats the dragons and releases the celestial
330 The Smith and tlte D; . :

lights. Cf. Type 300A.

330..)
Combinations: 3004,302, and 5134. A smith, r,r,ho L.e;: . .
Literature/Variants: the devil (death) f \11
their visit on earth
-,r -
Hungarian: MNK II; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1984,78ff.; Rumanian: Birlea1966
L 384tr.; Ukrainian: Mykytiuk 1979, No. 6; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Chuvash: Kecskem6ti / fulfilled [Q115] (ci - -
Paunonen1974. place in paradise, 1.,... .
it hich people stick .ll- -'
329 Hid"ing from the Princess (previously Hiding from the Deoil). A D1473.7, D1413.5, D -
princess promises to marry whoever can hide himself so well that alnays win [N221], ...-
she cannot find him [H321]. Those who fail are beheaded (heads are When the devil r.-...
displayed on stakes) [H901.1]. to the bench and the :: -
A (poor) youth (youngest of three brothers) undertakes the task. (terminate the contr... ;.
Because he had helped some animals (an old man), a fish hides him last the devil is put ir.:.
in his belly, an eagle behind the clouds (the sun) and a fox under the The smith, tiretl ;
earth [D684 H982]. The princess finds him with her magic mirror [Q565]. He tricks St l-
--r.
(magic book) or her perfect sight. r,r,hereit pulls him in
The princess gives the youth a fourth trial: He hides behind the hea i err a nd is perm ir..
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 220 Hans-Jörg Uther fFC 284 FF'C 284

In some variants the trickster-protagonist is an allegorical figure Ting1978, No. 3304; Korean: Cl-..-.
(e.g. Miser,v, Envy, Poverty) r,r.ho traps the devil ir-r a tree until the No. 109, Halpert/Widdor.,,,son - --
devil promises him immortalitv. Then he sets the devil free. (Pre- Nos.22, 23, Barbeau 1917, No. ::r
7; US-American: Baughman 1!r-
viously Type 330D.) (1935) 10-13, 27 (7957) 87f.,30 i l--
Chevalier 1995ff .II, Nos. 3304-.-:
Combinations: This tvpe is usr-ral1y combined r,vith episodes of one or more other
75; Mexican: Robe 1973; Don.,r:-
tvpes, esp. 326, 332, 592,753,785, 804B, and 1159.
Hansen 1957, Nos. 330A, 33lE l.
Literature/Variants: Krauss 1891; Köhler/Boite 1U98ff. l, 103 105, 303; Wünsche
Colombian, Chiiearu Argentirre .
1905b; BP I, 342-346,II, 149-763,163 189, III, 303-305; Wesselski 1938; Me,ver
Albän 2001, No. 22; West Indres: :
1942,57-75; Schlr,arzbaum 1968,95; Lox 1990; Coto 1992; Scherf 1995 II, 1033-
No. 800.0.1, Grobbelaar 1981.
1036; Dekker et al. 1,997,330-334; Röth 1998; Palleiro 2000; Hansen 2002, ,105J08;
EM: Schmied r-rnd Teufel (forthcoming).
Finnish: Rausmaa 19\2ff .1,481, Jauhiainen 1998, Nos. E6, Q1; Fir-rnish-Sr,r.edish: 3304-D See Type 330.
Hackman 1917f .1, Nos. 62, 163(1); Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926,
Nos. 330A, 3308; Latviarr: Aräjs/Medne 7977, Nos. 330A, 3308; Lithuanian: 330* See Type 330.
Kerbelyte 1999f1. I, Nos. 330A, 3308, II, No. 330; Lappish, Wotian, Kareliar.r:
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974, No.3308; Lydian, Svrjanian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 331 The Spirit in the Bottit.
19721; Swedish: Liungman 1961, No.330AB; Nolrvegiarr: Hodne 1984, Nos.330, man, soldier) free, ar'. , '
3308; Danish:Kristensen 18B1if. I, Nos.29,32, III, No.39, Kristenserr 1896f. I, No. (because he lt as a.k; --
14; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929, No. 330A; Irisl-r: Ö Süilleabhäin/ Christianser.r 1963;
stretches out to an e - -
Welsh: Baughr:rran7966, No. 330A; English: Briggs 1970f. A1,221, 407, 493f .,574f .,
being locked for so 1r,:- :
B I, 92f ., B lI, 439; French: Seignolle 1946, Nos. 61-63, Delaru e 1.957; Spanish:
iricks the spirit: He r.-.
Canrarena/Chevalier 1995f1.I1, Nos.330A-330C,330", Conzälez Sanz 1996, Nos.
330A, 3308, 330D; Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 7995tf. II, Nos. 330A, 3308, grow small again an;
330D; Catalar"r: Oriol/Pujol 2003, Nos. 330, 330A 330D; Portugr-rese: Pedroso [K7171. The man sto:::
1985, No. 48, Cardigos (forthcoming), Nos. 330, 330A, 3308, 330D; Dutch: ln some varianr>, ,' -
Sinninghe 1943; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Nos. 330, 330A, 3308, 330D, 330., Kooi/ ful remedy, magic p
Schuster 1993, No. 118; Flemish: Mever 196E, Nos. 330, 330A-330C, 330., Me1.er/
Sinninghe 1973; Walloon: Laport 1932, Nos. 330, 330CD; Luxembourg: Gredt Combinations: 155, 330, anC -:-:-
1883, No. 918; German: Ranke 1955ff. l, Crimm KHM/Uther 19967I, Nos. 81, 82, Remarks: Oriental origin (Jerr,.:' .

Bechstein/Uther1.997 I, No.7, Kooi/Schuster7991, Nos.22la, 227b,222, Berger the Middle Ages.

2001, Nos. 330, 3308, 330*; Sr.viss: Suternreister 1869, No. 42; Austrian: Haiding Literature/Variants: Chaur il j -. -'
1969, No. 20; Ladir-rian: Decurtins 1896ff. II, Nos.20, 48, X, No.20; Italian: Cirese/ 417,585;BP II, 474422; HDA I - :
Serafini 1975, No. 330*, Aprile 2000 II, Nos. 330, 330A, 3308; Corsican: Ortoli 1883, 40) 449-457 (K. Schuite-Kemn',.r' :
No.27, cf. No.22, Massig5non 1963, Nos. 1,37,57; Sardinian: Aprile 2000 ll; 95, il3, 2rttf .,2o4f .; EM 5 (tq.- . _
Hungarian: MNK II, Nos. 330, 330A, 3308, 330D; Czecl.r: T|L\e192911.L501i.,512, 407 409, 462-465 ; Röth 199E; Scr- ::'
590ff.,599f.; Slovakian: Gaiparikor,ä 1997f.l, Nos.20, 33,767,197,212,222,223, Finnish: Rausmaa 1982f{. I, \o l-l
240,270,271,il, Nos.488,517,522,531; Slor.ene: Cabr§öek 1970,743ff.; Serbian: Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latviar.r: -: ,

Öajkanoviö 1927, Nos. 30, 3.1, Eschker 1992, No. 2E; Croatian: Bo§kor.i6-Stulli 1963, I; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Nor .
No. 22, Bo§kovi6-Stu111 7975b, Nos. 19, 21, Gaäl/Nerveklor.r.sk). 1983, Nos. 22, 33, III, No. 6i; Scottish: Baughmar -
zl2; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, Nos. 330A, 3308, Birlea 1966 I, 505ff., III, 408f., English: Baughman 1966, Brige. '
Stroescu 796911, Nos.4736,48,12; Bulgarian: BFP, Nos.330,330D, ci. No. *3308*, Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. Il; r.
Koceva 2002, No. 330, cf. No. *3308*; Creek: Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999; German: Ranke 1955ff. l, Crimr- :
Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 33; Polish: Krzt.2anorvski 1962f. I, Nos. 330A, 3308; 1997 i, No. 6; Ladinian: Decurti:-.
Russian, Byelorussian: SUS, Nos. 330A, 3308; Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 330A, 3308, garian: MNK II; Czech: Tille i:rl-
330D.; jervish: Jason 1975; Gr.ps,v: Briggs 1970f . A1,428fi., N{NK X 1, Nos. 330, No. 490; Slovene: \4ödemdorie:
330A, 330B, 330D; Cheremis/Mari: Kecsken-r6ti/Paunonen 197,1, No. 3308, Buigarian: BFP; Creek: Ängelon, .

Sabitov 1989, No.330D.; Votvak: Kecskem6ti/Pallnonen 197,1, No.3308; Geor- Krzv2anowski 1962i. I; I{ussi.i:-
gian: Kurdovanidze 2000, No. 3304; Palestinian: H.rnauer 7907,176{f.; Indian: 1963a, No. 6, Jason 1965,7975; C
Jason 1989, No. 330A; Sri Lankan: Thornpson /Roberts 1960, No. 330A; Chinese: Kecrkemeri Paunonen 197-t; Bu.

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222 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

El-Shamy 2004;Indian, Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting1978 I, Moser-Rath 1964, No. 121, G:r::-
(Addenda); ]apanese: Ikeda Inada I Ozaw a 1.977 fl.; French-Canädian:
1,971,, Uther 1997 I, No. 12, Berp5er i.
-
Barbeau 1919, No. 82, Lemieux 1974ff.XXI, No. 17; Spanish-American: TFSp 12 7977, No.248; Ladinian: De;-r:
(1935) 68-72, Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff . II; Costa Rican: Robe t973; Puerto Sardinian: Aprile 2000 II; \lai:...
Ricarr: Hansen1,957; Egyptian: Nowak 1969, No. 362, El-Shamy 2}}4;Algerian: Dömötör 2001,287; Czecl.r: Ti--e , :
EI-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Nowak 1969, No. 362; CentralAfrican: Lambrecht I, Nos. 93, 164, 253, 270; Sli .
1962 No.2455; Namibian: Schmidt 1989I1, No.1035. Öajkanoviö 1q27, Nos.32. I.-
Milo§eviö-Djordjeviö 1988, \.-. :
332 Godfather Death. (Including the previous Types 332,4'* and 3328*.) Bo§kovid-Stulli 7975b, No. . . i,:..
A poor man with many children wants a (just) godfather for his Öepenkov/Penu§liski 19E9 Ij ',.
newborn son. He refuses God (saint, devil) and chooses death (angel 332A", Birlea 1966 I,527ff.; Br-r.:.:.
of deatfu plague) because he treats everyone allke [271'1., ]486]. As a Koceva 2002. No. 332, cf. \n- : '-
gift the father (son) receives the magic power of forecasting recovery Laogräphia 4 (79121 73) 71ir :
Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999: i - :.
or death, depending on whether death stands at the head or the foot
1962f.1; Russiary Byelorussiar:. -- . r

of the sick person's bed [D1825.3.1]. Thus the man becomes a fam- No. 112; Jewish: Noy 1963a, \,--.
ous doctor and grows wealthy. MNK X 1; Georgian: Kurdor.a:-.,::,
The doctor betrays death (several times): When promised wealth El-Sham1 2004; Pale:tiniar: ;
(the princess), the doctor turns the bed and thus saves the life of a Marzolph 1984; Sri Lankan: Trr.--:' :

person who was supposed to die [KS57] (in the doctor,s dying houg, American: Baughman I9^o. . ...'
death grants him time to say a last Paternoster, but the doctor does (1931)701., Baughman 1966, R- --.
not finish the prayer [K551.1] - cf. Type 7995ff . lI, Nos. 332, 332A*; NIerr- : -
- ' 1199. Death tricks the doctor
into finishingthe prayer.) 1973, Nos. 332,332*l; Panam..i:-..-.. -
In some variants, death shows the man his 1ife-light in the under- Penalosa 7992; Br azllian: Casc... -r
West Indies: Flowers 1953; Cap- ..
world and suddenly extinguishes itlE76\.7.g, K551.91. Or the man
El-Shamy 1980, No. 17, E1-Sh;:
attempts to lengthen his life by various means (usually without suc-
cess). (Previously Type 332A*.) Cf .Type 1182.
332A* See Type 332.
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other
types, esp. t199, and also 326, 330, 331,, 334, 1L64, and \187 . 3328* See Type 332.
Remarks: Documented in the 14th century.
Literature/Variants: Chauvinl892ff.V,37ft. No.365, VI, 183f. No.349; Boltel1g4; 332C* lmmortality Won thrt:,.
Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. 1,291f.;FP1,377-388; Basset 1924ff.til,558 No.341; HDM different forms:
2 (1934-40) 615-620 (R. T. Christiansen); Christiansen 1.959,249; Schwarzbaum (1) An old soldie: --.
1968,30,108-111, 320,462;Tubach1969, Nos. 628, 1470;EMS (1987) 122+-1233 (8. asks him several tir-nc.:
Moser-Rath); §mahelovä 1987; Schert 1995I,495499,729-231,I1,1207f .;Richter to take the old peop1.
1997; Dekker et al. 1997, 101-103; Röth 1998; Anderson 2OOO, 115f.
young people in succ..
Finnish: Rausmaa 19821t.L No.30; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1,g17l.I, No. 64;
save his parents (rr'iie :
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytö r9g9fl.
(beech-trees, oaks). C- _:
I, No.33Z II, No.332A.; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925;Karelian,Syrjanian: Kecskem6ti/
Paunonen L974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: whom he should tak. :-

Grundtvig 1,884,3ff., Kristensen 1.896f.I, No. 1Z Kristensen 1900, No.43, cf. No. reunited in heaven, tl:- .
42;lcelandic: Sveinsson 1929; Scottish: Aitken/Michaelis-|ena 1965, No. 60; Irish: Here he delivers a nu:-.
Ö SrillleaUhain/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue l95i;Spanish: Camarena/ away. Cf. Type 475.')
Chevalier 1995ff . II, Nos. 332, 332A*, Gonzdlez Sanz 1,996, No. 332,4'*; Basque: (2) A prince wants :.
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. II; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003, Nos. 332,33iA*, different kingdoms, in :,
3328*, Camarena/ChevaliertggSff.If Nos. 822,332A*;portuguese: Coelho 19g5, must be finished u.ith;:-
No. 23, Pedroso 1985, No. 46, Cardigos (forthcoming), Nos. 232,3328*; Dutch: carrying off a mountain
Sinninghe 1943; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: Ranke 1955ff.
During this time deati-. .
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224 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284
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given magic objects and asked to stay, but he travels on. Finally he Combinations: 123.
arrives at the empire of immortality. Remarks: Documented in the .;,-
After a thousand years he goes to look for his parents. The queen Literature/Variants: BP l, 37-l: _ :
of immortality gives him water of life which he uses to resuscitate Schwarzbaum 7968, 90; Beh.r.rt :-
the deceased rulers of the three kingdoms. The prince, finding no Rumpf); Mieder 1982;Zrpes 1.,>_
trace of his former home and family, returns. Pursued by death, he 1989; Jacopin 1993; Scherf 199i I _.
reaches the border of the empire of immortality. In a contest with 1747 -1749,1237 -1210 ; Dekker .
death, the queen of immortality wins the prince and they live Schmidt I999; Anderson 200tr ._
868 (C. Shojaei Kawan).
together forever.
Finnish-Str,,edish: Hacknran,'. --
Ar'äj' Medne Iq77: Lithtrad.rn
Literature/Variants:
Paunonen 1974; Sn,edish: Lir-;:- - :
Estonian: cf. Loorits 1959, No. 82; German: Prcuß 1912, 23f1.;Italian: Cirese/
landic: Sveirr>son lq2q; D.rni-r
Serafini 1975,De Simone 1994 No.63c; Slovakian: cf. Ga§parikovä1984,84.
1963f1., No. 119; Irish: Ö Strill.,..:-
French: Delarue 1957; PortrLeu:..
332F* See Type 735A. Walloon: Legros 1962; Germ...:- -
KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 26, B.-:-- ,
333 Little Red RidingHood (previously The Glutton). (Petit Chaperon Nos. 333, 3334; Sardinian:Ai.:.. - .
Rouge, Cappuccetto rosso, Rotkäppchen.) (Including the previous (7875) 17lf .; Bulgarian: BFp, \,-. :
Type 333A.) A little girl, called "Red Riding Hood" because of her Angelopoulos/Brouskou 199! :
red cap, is sent to her grandmother who lives in the forest and is No. 333A; Turkish: Eberharcl 5 - :.
warned not to leave the path 1J21.5]. On the way she meets a wolf. 1965, 1988a; Mordvinian: K..., .
The wolf learns where the girl is going, hurries on ahead, and Sham1. 2004; lranian: Marzt l.:--
(198 l) 238f.; Puerro Rican: H . .
devours the grandmother (puts her blood in a glass and her flesh in
Algerian: E1-Shamy 2004; Cer- ::..:
a pot). He puts on her clothes and lies down in her bed.
African: Grobbelaar 1981.
Red Riding Hood arrives at the grandmother's house. (She has
to drink the blood, eat the flesl'1, and lie down in the bed.) Red 3334 See Type 333.
Riding Hood doubts whether the wolf is her grandmother and asks
him about his odd big ears121,8.Ll, eyes, hands, and mouth. Finally
the wolf eats Red Riding Hood [K2011].
3338 See Type 334.
A hunter kills the wolf and cuts open his belly. Red Riding Hood
and the grandmother are rescued alive [F913]. They fill the wolf's
334 Household of the l\-it,;:
(woman) disregarcl: ::- -
belly with stones lQa26l; he is drowned or falls to his death. Cf.
body) and visits her i .-
Types 123,2028.
The girl sees man\ i-.
In some variants Red Riding Hood arrives at the grandmother's
of blood, and her god::-
house before the wolf. The wolf climbs on the roof to wait until Red
tells her godmother r., :-,.
Riding Hood leaves. The Grandmother who had boiled sausages
Tvpe 363.
asks Red Riding Hood to fill the broth into a big trough in front of
the house. Enticed by the smell, the wolf falls from the roof and is Combinations: 332, 333.
drowned in the trough Literature/Variants: BP I, ;12, r-=
In an Italian version, a woman who is going to bake cakes sends Henßen 7953, 93-95;Scherf 195.
=.
out her daughter (Caterinella, Caterina, Cattarinetta) to borrow a 620 (8. Kerbelyte); Röth 1998; Zi:-
pan. The lender, an ogre (witch, wolf), asks the girl to bring back Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977, No. :::
some cakes and wine. On her way she eats the cakes, drinks the 334; Wepsian, Syrjanian: Kecske:
wine, and replaces them with horse-dung and urine. Angry about Paunonen 1974, No. 3338; Cata_.,
the tric§ the ogre pursues the girl home and devours her (is not able Meyer 1968; German: Ranke 19J::
43, Berger 2001, No. 3338*; Italial
to get into the house, is tricked outby the girl's mother). (Previously
MNK II; Czech: Tille 7929fI.112, t19r
Type 333A.)
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226 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC 284

1981a,174ff., GaSparikovä 1991,f.I,No.49; Serbian: cf. Öajkanovie ß27, No. 115; Combinations: 367, 81,2, 11E2. .r:-,
Croatian: Smiöiklas 191.0ff.17,159f., Bo§koviö-Stulli 1963, No.24, Boskovic-Stulli Remarks: Documented ir-r the 1...:.
1975b, No. 8; Greek: Laogrdphia2l (1963 164) 163ff.; Polish: KrzyäanowsLolg62l. Literature/Variants: BP II, 561-r -
I, No.327D; Sorbian: cf. Nedo 1956, No.32; Russian: SUS, Nos. 3338,334;Byelo- 1998.
russiary Ukrainian: SUS, No. 3338; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Cheremis/Mari: Sabitov Finnish-Swedish: Hackmar.r 1'- -
1989, No. 3338; Palestinian: Muhawi/Kanaana 1989, No. 29, El-Shamy 2004; \rä js/ Medne 1977; Norrr c,-.., '
]apanese: cf. Ikeda 1971, Nos. 3338, 334,lnada f Ozawa1977ff .; US-American: cf. crundtvig 18761f.1I, No. 10, KIr::::
Burrison 1989,145ff.; Tunisian: cf. Stumme 1900, No. 1. Chevalier 1995ff.II; Catalan: C'-
\{eyer 1968; German: Ranke :-.:
335 Death's Messengers. Death promises to warn a certain man before he Berger 2001; Ladinian: Büch1i E:.
comes to him, so the man lives happily. When death finally comes to II; Hungarian: MNK II; Slor-akr.::-
take him, the man accuses him not having kept his promise. Death 171; Slovene: Krek 1885,26fi.; Ii.:*'
replies that he warned him with the illnesses and infirmities of old 19621. I; Byelorussian, Ukrau.,r.,:-
age, and takes the man away [11051]. Canadian: Lemieur lqTlfr. \ '.
Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004.
Combinations: 332.
Remarks: Documented by John Bromyard, Summa predicantium (M XI,s, Xf 6); the 367 Bear-Skin. A poor - .'
subject appears also in ancient sources. amount of moner- ra : -.
Literature/Variants: Kirchhof /Oesterley 1869 I2, No. 124; Morris 1889; Bp III, soldier's soul ,'lll .-.
293-297; Pauli/Bolte 19241, Nos.267,268; Wesselski 1929b;HDM 1 (1930-33) without washing ,.r' . '

301f . (K. Heckscher); Röhrich 1962f . I, 80-92, 258-262; Tub ach L969, No. 3277 ; The soldier he1p. ,: -:
Schwarzbaum 19 68, 9 4; EM 2 (197 9) 636-639 (D.-R. Moser); Hansen 2002, 95-97 . of his daughters. T1.,e :
Finnish: Rausmaa 1.982ff. I, 482; Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. 332*; Lithuanian: the youngest daug]-.:.
Kerbelytö L999ff.II; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Irish: ö Sriilleabhäin/Chris-
Ieaves her a token ti-,.,--
tiansen 1963; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.II; Portuguese: Meier/Woll
1975, No. 108, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968,
After severr vcai': .
Stalpaert /]oo s L971., 93f .; German: Tomkowiak 1,993, 31.9, Grimm KHM / Uther and dresses the :t,l.i-.:
1996III, No. 177; Maltese: Ilg1906I, No. 54, Mifsud-Chircop 1,978; Hungarian: a rich gentleman anLl , - l
MNK II; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 3277;Slovene: Slovenski gospodar 6{0,929) sisters commit suicrrt.
No.27,11,; Macedonian: cf. Öepenkov/Penu§liski lg}gIl,No. fsZjnutgarian: BFp, (sometimes more) [K],-
Koceva 2002; Greek Megas/Puchner1998; Polish: Krzy2anowski l962l.I;!ewish:
|ason 1965; Nepalese: Sakya/Griffith 1980, 108ff.; Korean: Zaborowski 1975, No. Combination s: 360, 475.
15; Australian: Adams / New ell 1999 I, 94f ., lll, cf . 1,20; Ethiopian: Gankin et al. Remarks: Documented in the , - :'
1960,181. Literature/Variants: BP II, 11. -- j
1 (1977) 7225-7232 (H. Röl1eke ;
-..
360 Bargain of the Three Brothers utith the Deail, Three traveling 19,11, 1736f., 1360f.; Dekker et -r ,
journeymen (brothers, friends) conclude an agreement with the Finnish: Rausmaa 7982ff .1, No. -::
devil: They receive a large amount of money (purse which will 93; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latr -,:-
7999ff . I; Livonian: Kecskemdti r'..
never be empty) on the condition that they pledge themselves
wegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: k.,--
always to say the same words, "we three" , " for gold" , "that was
Crundtvig 1976ff .Il, No. 19; Ice -,,-
right"[C495 .2.1, M775). I, 194t.; Irish: Ö Stiilleabhäin, C:-: -
The host of an inn kills a rich merchant and accuses the journey- 1995ff . 1I, Gonzälez Sanz 1996; C.:..
men. Because of their stereotyped answers they seem to confess the No. 191; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Ger:-.
offence. Cf.Type1697. II, No. 101, Bechstein/Uther 1991 ,
The devil rescues them from the gallows [R125]. The host is No. 116; Austrian: Zinp;erle f Zint.
hanged in their place, and the devil is satisfied to take his soul and 1953, No'.60, Ol; Ladinian: D*.L.:-
leave the journeymen alone [K217]. Brunold-Bigler 7989f1.II, 537f .; Ita., .
Tille 1929ff .1,201ft.; Slovakian: P.
7914b, 63ff .; Greek: Megas / Puchn. :
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228 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.1 FFC 284

Veckenstedt 1880, No. B, Nedo 1956, No. 35; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainra r-
SUS; Gvps1.: MNK X 1; Filipino: Fansler 1921, No. 22; US-American: Baughman 152,1.53III 3; Jewish: Noy 1963..r )'
1966; Spanish-Arnerican, Mexican: Robe 1973; Egvptian: El-Shamr, 200.1. 32, Briggs 1970f. AI, 553; Chere::'
Shamy 2004; Chinese: Riftin et .'.-
361* The Wolf zoith an Iron Head (previously Wolf Threatens to Edt Shamy 2004; Algerian, Morocc;.-
Hero). A wolf r,r.ith an iron head helps a poor man (shepherd) in Fuchs 7961,27ff .
distress and demands that he should not lnarrv (threatens to eat the
man and is put off until his n eddjng.1ul,). On tl.re r,r,edding 611y, the 365 The Dead Bridegroottt t-
w,olf appears agairy the man flees and, after a number of adventures, previous Type 365A- :
finall1, kills the rvolf rvith help of his dogs. who did not relurn i: '
night he apPears, irrr : '
Literature/Variants: on his horse. Tu,o tin'...
Lithuarrialr: Kerbelvtö 1999ff .I; Hr-rngarian: MNK II; Serbian: Leskien 1915, No. no because her lovc:. '

63; Cvpsv: MNK X 1. graveyard. When the --

grave, she realizes il'.','
362* The Deail's Kindness. The devil helps a poor man r,r.ith his rt,ork clothing. The bride e. -:
(gives a poor man the treasure of a rich couple). A second man to death by the darrcr:- .
(couple) hangs himself out of envy (grief) and thus the devii receives
his payment 1K277). Combination s: 363, 407 , ar.r t-l - , - -
Remarks: Folk legend of indet-:- .
Literature/Variants: lar as ballad or folk song: f/ri -- -'

Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977, No. *362A*; Lithuanian: Kerbelr.tö l999ff.I; Danish: Literature/Variants: Child 1S:l -
Grundtvig 1B54ff. II, No. 11; Cerman: Henßen 1959, No. ,15, cf. Berger 2001, No. 1918; HDA5 (1932I33) 1209-1: ,
362**; Ukrainian: SUS. 1978; Ward 1980; Schelstraete ,: -
909-918 (I. Schneider); Röth 1--i
363 The Corpse-Eafer (prerriou sly The Vampire). A young rtroman I,rrants finnish: Rau:maa lqB2if. I -'-
to marrv a man rt,ith an unusual feature (green beard, golden nose, Hackman 1917f.I, No. 68; Est. :'
etc.). A demonic bridegroom u,ith these characteristics appears, and Aräjs / Medn e 7977 ; Lithu ar,-.'..'
Lydian: Kecskem6ti / Paunor-.t.-
she follows him to his far-au,,av castle. On the r,r,av she r,r,atches him
Hodne 1984; Danish: Skattesi,: '
1el9; Irish:O Suilleabhiin t :'
eating corpses in three churches (gravevards) [G20]. Cf. §pe 894. -
The bridegroom asks her r,r,hether she has seen anything. She Briggs 1970f. BI,5261.,577i., :r-
says no, even r,r.hen he appears in the form of her father and brother 1943; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Ko(r, :
[D40, D610]. Final11,, in the form of her mother, he asks her and she German: Ranke 1955ff. I, NIir-,.:
confesses. She is der.oured (is able to flee at the last moment). Cf. Llauser 1894, Nos. 73,74,De-;).'
Type 334. Decurtins lE96ff. II, 646 \o ,,
Czech: Tilie 1929lf.Il2,330ff. h
Combinations 365, 107, and 955. I, Nos. 126, 736, 167, tl, Nt-'. :'
Literature/Variants: Hoch 1900; BP III, 534-537; HDA 6 (19311 35) 812-823 (P Serbiarr: Öajkanovic lq2q. \' '-
Geiger); Naumarm 1971; Schwarzbaum 1980,278 No. 207; Scherf 1995 II,837f ., Bo§kovi6-stulli7959, No. 10. tr -
1247-7252; Röth 1998; EM: Vampir (in prep.). No. 14; Bosnian: Preindlsberg.. '
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff . I, 482, Jauhiainen 1998, No. E256; Finnish-Sr,r.edish: Iq7qf. II, No. ll; Rutnaniatr: -
Hackman 19171. l, No. 67; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926; Lati,,ian: \o. 26: Albanian: cf. Camai -
Aräjs/Medne L977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 7999f1.I; Su,edish: Liungman 1961; Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzvzai'-
Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Christensen/Bodker 1,963if., No.41; Irish: Ö Slizinski 1964, No. 16; Russlan :
Stiilleabhäin/Christiansen 7963; English: Briggs 7970f . AI, 553; Frisian: Kooi )'lo. 12, MNK X 1; Indian: ]a=i':
1984a; Italian: Aprile 2000 II; Czech: Ti11e 1929ff. II2,336ff.; Slovakian: Polivka Randolph 1955, No. 79, Musjc. -
1923ff.lil,348fJ., cf. 373ff ., ct. GaSparfkovä 19911.I, No. 206; Croatian: cf. Smiöiklas lq, 40; Argentine: Karlinger l -
1910ff. 16, No. 17; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzy2ano.r,r,ski 19621.I; 2201..
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 FFC 284

365A* See Type 365.

Christ (God) ancl St
flower. Thus the evr_
366 The Man from the Gallows. This tale exists chiefly in two different
begun. She drives her
forms:
to stone.
(1) A man (womary child) takes the liver (tung, heart, stomach,
backside) of a corpse who has been hanged (otheidead person). At Literature/Variants:
home the meat is eaten (often without knowing what it ii [G60]). At Hungarian: MNK II; Croati...:-
night the dead_person appears, asks for the stölen part oihis body, Schulleru' 1q28, Dima lq++, \
and punishes the perpetrator (eater) by carrying him away (to heli)
or by killing him [E235.4]. 369 TheYouth on a Quest -
(2) A child (adult person) who has lost a leg (arm) wears a golden out to find his fatl-re: '.,.
(diamond) one as a substitute. The child dies, and the parenls (ser- [H1381.2.2.11. He c..:- =
vants, grave-diggers, etc.) take the golden leg. At night the dead tricks her (kiils her. -,. -
child appears, complains about the loss of his leg 1A[ZS.+I,BZZS. (alive, dead, or tral-L:--
4.2], and receives it back. Ieases (resuscitate- - -

Literature/Variants: BPltr,478-583;HDM 2(1gg44o)304(M. Lambertz); Burrison Literature/Variants:

1968; Grider 1980; scherf 1987,208ff.; scherf 1995 r,170-172,504-506jDekker Flemish: Me)'er l968; Arrneni
et
aL- 1997,147-149; Röth 1998; E}d9 (1999) Lzs-179 (D. Drascek); No.85; Indian: Thompson Rc:-.-
Anderson 2000,
1141.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1972, No.45; Finnish-swedish: Hackman 1912f.r, No. 69;
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977,Nos.366,*366**;Lithuanian:
Kerbelyte 1999ff. III, 103 No. 1.2.1.16; swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: SUPERNATURAL OR :
Hodne 1984; Danish: skattegraveren 2 (1894) zs, L42, tt (rsss) g-11, Kristensen OR OTH:]
1900, No. 118; Scottish: Briggs 1970f. AII, S12, S41,, S60f.,Brslord/MacDonald
1221,
N" 6; English: Baughman 1966,Briggs Lg70f . AII, S12, S3Ot., Sg9, 542, SSOI.,
5551., 562; French: Delarue 1957; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier.199iff. II,
Gonzdlez sanz-1.996, Nos. 366, 366Aj Catalan: oriol/puj ol 2003; portuguese:
oliveira 1900tf.I, No. 79, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: sinninghe 1943, Kooi 400 The Man on a Quest i.
2003, No. 26;Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyei 196g; German, tiurrk" 1,gssff.r, Types 400*,401, an.1 =
Müller/Röhrich 1962, No. L49, Kooi/schustär t994, No. 40, Berger 2001; Aus- forms:
trian: Depiny 1932,119 No. 12; Italian: Aprile 2000 II; Hungarian, üru« u; Czech: (1) A man in ciisi:..
Tllle1929ff .rr2,401, Klimovä 1966, No. 6; Croatian: so5koiie-stulli-l.97sa,No. 15; wittingly promises :. 1.,

lolish-Krzyzanowski 1962f. I; Russian: sug No. 366, cf. No. 3664*; Byelorussian: boy is delivered to 1-,:::-
sus; Cheremis/Mari: sabitov 1989; saudiAranian: El-shamy200{ ihinese: llng protected by magic l\_
1978; English-Canada: Fowke 1967,267f.;us-American: Baughman 1966, Robertä in the sea (river, dese:.
1?I1.Ng: 1tt,133; spanish-American: TFSP 6 (rs27) 41r.;s4,24 (1.9s1) 77f
(1953) 183-194,31 (1962) 12f.,1sf.,163f., Robe 1923, Camarena/Chevalier
.,2s He arrives in a tor.-=
1995ff. :
II; African American: Baughman 1966; Honduran: Robe 1923; puerto Rican: meets a bewitched p:
Hansen 1957 ; Br azllian: Alcoforad o I Alb 6n 2001, No. 24; Argentine: Chertudi (deer). He rescues he: :
1960f.I, No.43; Namibian: cf. Schmidt 1gB9 II, No.2210. They marry JF302, L -
When he wants tc - l
368* See Type 757G*. carry him home [D1-1, .

to him [C31.6] (to bc.:.:

3688* SeeType779J". duced (by his mother :
2.3.11, takes Ihe ring a
368c* The Death of the cruel stepmother. A cruel stepmother sends her The man sets out ir-, .
stepdaughter in March to the river to wash wäol. Two travelers, meets three hermits (r..:
wind) r.vhom he asks i.-:

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232 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC2B4

help of the third he arrives at the empire of his wife, or he pretends Tenöze 7964ff . II, Nos. 400, 401 ; ::.
that he wants to help three giants who are fighting over magic 401; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 20[]i. \
objects (inheritance, booty). He steals the magic objects (magic I, Nos. 159, 162, Cardigos (forrh.
sword LD1.400.1..41, magic coat or hood [D1361.14], seven-league lao; Kooi 2003, No. 28; Frr.r.rr' :
4014; Cerman: Meyer 1931, \
boots [D1521.1]) [D831, D832] (cf. Type 518). With their help he is y:
KHM/Uther 79961I, Nos.92, :
able to overcome the obstacles on the way to his wife 1D21211.
Ulfer 7977,49ff.; Austrian: H..ii; '-
When he finds his wife, she is about to marry another man Ladinian: Decurtins 1896ff. Il \
[N681]. He discloses his identity as her real husband. 2, 4, 17; Italian: Aprile 2000 IL \ .
(2) Meeting the princess and disenchantment as in version (1); Hungarian: MNK II, Nos. -10,- -
but the disenchantment is not complete. 7929ff . I, 72ff ., 232ff ., 363ff ., Ui .-
The princess wants to travel back to her own distant land. She 7997f . I, Nos. 198, 303, II, \tr: :
asks her rescuer to wait for her at a certain time and place. She Serbian: Öajkanovi6 1929, \ir .::
appears three times, but each time a servant (witch) has put her Milo§eviö-Djordjeviö 1988, \.,. -
husband into a deep sleep from which he cannot be awakened Rumanian: Schuilerus 1928, \; -
[D7364.15,D1364.4.1.,D1972]. The princess informs him (in a letter)
III,431ff.; Bulgarian: BFP, No. -
400*; Creek: Angelopoulos r Br: -..
how and where to find her (on the glass mountain). The man sets
Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f. I: ,r-
out to find her. Continued as in version (1).
Ukrainian: SUS, Nos.400,,400. .:
(3) Ayouth watches a flock of birds (swang ducks, geese, doves) (5-7),205, cf. No. 260; ]ervisl-r: 1,...
land on the shore. The birds take off their feather coats and become cf. No. 11, Briggs 1970f. A I, le::
beautiful maidens [D361.1]. While they are bathing the youth steals Dömötör 2001.,287; Ossetian: E ,:-
the feather coat of the most beautiful girl, who cannot leave with the Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6tr Ir-- -
others and thus must marry the youth [D721,.2,8652.1,]. Late1, be- Nos. 400,, 400.,401,; Chuvash, 1,1 :
cause of carelessness (of the man's mother), the maiden takes back Paunonen 1974; Kurdish: !\'er'.:r.
her coat [D361.1.1] and flies away (together with her children). She 230; Buryat: Lörincz 1979, No. =
tells the youth her destination in the otherworld (e.g. glass moun- 400, cf. Nos. 400**, 400A*; Ge.rr:
Palestinian, Jordanian, Saudi t I
.-.

.
tain). The man sets out in search of his wife (as in version 1). Some
No. 194, El-Shamy 2004, Nos. =
variants include elements from Type 313 (Magic Flight).
Shamy 200t1; Iranian: Marzelp.]'. , -
1960; Indian: Thompson/RoL..: ,
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other
types, esp. 302, 313, 402, 518, 554, 81,0, and 936* , and also 300, 301, 303, 304, 314,
Chinese: Ting 1.978, No. 400, c: I .

Vietnamese: Karow 1972, No. , : -:---

325,326,329,402, 425,465,505,51.6,530,531,550,552,566,569,590,707, and 1159.
Tkeda 797 7 ; Filipino: Wrigglesr'. r :
Literature/Variants: Chauvin1892ff.VII,29ff. No.2124,35ff. No. 2128;Köhler I
Tenöze 1.964ff.II, Lemieux 797--
Bolte 1898ff. I, 308-312; BP II, 318-348, IIl, 406417 ; Christiansen 1959, 245f .; Hatto
1961; Kleivan L962; Schwarzbasm 1968, 86,459; Rieber 1980; Matveeva 1981;
XI, No.21,XU, No. 1, XIII, No: -
dian: Thompson 7929, No. 5lr L :
Grange 1983; Scherf 1995I,92t.,217f ., 418420, 466470,523-526,536-540, 586-
Spanish-American: TFSP 12 (1-.:1:
589, 710-717 , 722-726, lI, 8Ll-81.6, 957-960, 1.234-1.237 , 1421-1423; Dekker et al.
(1964) 11-49, Rael1957I, Nos. -i
L997, 225-229; EM 9 (1999) 195-210 (C. Schmitt); Röth 1998, Nos. 400A-C;
Chevalier 7995ff. II; Mexican: -i
Schmidt 1999;EM1,0 (2002) 1351-1355 (S. Rühle); Papachristophorou 2002, 151-
Han:en 1957; South Americarr
17 3 ; l,/.ar zolph / Van Leeuwen 2004, Nos. 17 8, 230, 549.
Penalosa 1992, Nos.400,401A: :.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff . I, No. 34; Finnish-Swedish: Hackm an 1,91,7 I. I, Nos.
Shamy 2004, Nos. 400, 400*; Tun-.. .
74(11),75,76;Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1,977, Nos. 400,401,
30, Nowak 1969, No. 194, EI-Sh.:::'
4014; Lithuanian: Kerbelyb1999ff.I, No.400*,4014; Lappish, Wepsian, WotiarL
Karelian, Syrjanian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 1.97 4; Sw edish: Liungman 1961;
401; Sudanese: El-Shamy 200-i; \,:
Haring 1982, No.4.400, Klipple --
Norwegian: Christiansen 1958, No.4080, Hodne 1984; Danish: Grundtvig'1.876ff.
II, No.2, IIl,163ff., Kristensen 1881ff. I, Nos. 1-3, III, XI-XXVII, IV No. 42;Faer-
oese: Nyman 1984;Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929, Nos. 400,40L; Scottish: Campbell 400* See Type 400.
1890ff. II, No. 44, Aitken/Michaelis-Jena 1965, No. 37,Briggs 1,970f . AI,284ff.,
448ff.;I-rish: Ö Sriilleabhain/Christiansen 1963, Nos. 400, 4ö1; French: Delarue/ 401. See Type 400.
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/,)+ Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC 284

4014 See Type 400. first place dressecl ;. -.

the youngest son rer- -

401A* The Soldiers in the Enchanted Castle. Miscellaneous type. Twelve back to her castle.
(severy three) soldiers (deserters) come (often with the help of an In some varianrr -
animal or person) to a lonely castle (small house), where they Near East, the 1.6y1,1,', - .

receive food and lodging. Awhite woman (maiden who appears in to his home ur-rä l-,i.-l=. ,

a dream) asks them to stay in the castle for seven years (one year and his daughters-in-1a-,..
two days) (to keep guard for three nights) and to fulfill certain task requires the bn;.
conditions (not to think of a maidery not to touch or look at the the most beautiful r, . -
maidens who sleep in their beds, not to open a certain door). They that the bride carurr .

disobey the prohibition and flee, or all (but one) leave the castle and he sets out olr ci -: :._-

before the end of the vigil. Thus their efforts to disenchant the 400.
princesses who live in the castle are unsuccessful [D759.9]. The
soldiers often return later, and the one is rewarded (often after Combinations: This t1 pe is rr--
having performed different tasks), but the others are killed. types. esp.400,4b5, and al*c ' _
In some variants the soldiers succeed in disenchanting the Literature/Variants: BP II, 3r-r-.. :
princesses and each of them marries one of them (seven seven-year- Sydorv); Christiansen lq5q, :+: -

770; Köhler-Zü\ch 1991; Sc]-Ler: - -

old boys finally break the spell) [D759.10].
1348-1351, 1378-1380; Dekker .
(S. Fährmann).
Literafure/Variants:
Finnish: Rausmaa l9\2ff .I, \tr: :
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1.999ff.I; Danish: Kristensen 1881ff. I, No. 41; German:
7a,76(9); Estonian: Aarne 191< _
Schambach/Müller 1855, No. 13, Kuhn 1859 II, No. 26, Plenzat 1930, 112ff.;
7977;Lithuanan: Kerbelyte 1999- ,
Austrian: Vernaleken 1859, No. 26;Ladinian:Uffer 1973, No. 10; Italian: De Nino
Kecskemeti Pau nonen 197-l; >. . ..
1883f. III, No. 32.
Danish: Kamp 7877, No. 765, K: -
1990, No. 10; Scottish: Briggs 1:.-
402 The Animal Bride (previortsly The Mouse [Cat, Frog, etc.l as Briile). No. 9; Irish: ö Süilleabhäi",-,1,C1..,.,.
A father is not able to decide which of his (three) sons should inherit II; Spanish: Camarena/ Cher'.:L-:
his property (kingdom) and sends them all on a quest for one year guese: Oliveira 1900ff. I, Nos. 9 :_
[H1210.1]. They are told to bring back a special object (yarn, linen sian: Kooi 1984a, Kooi/Meerl.r,:'.
[H1306], fine chain [H1303], ring, horse, smallest dog [H1307], Legros 1962; German: Ranke l!r::
money) or they must learn a profession. Whoever performs the task Berger 2001; Austrian: Geraml. :
best will be the heir. Ladinian: Decurtins 1B96ff. II, \ i -
The youngest son, often a fool, goes into a forest and becomes the
2000 II; Hungarian: MNK II; C;.
Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1991f. I ..
servant of an animal (cat[8422], rat, frog,[8493.1), mouse 18437.2]).
186ff .; Serbian: KaradZii 1 !j-:-
197 4,
As a payment he is given the object that his father had asked for. It No. 40; Croatian: cf. Boskovi6-S:.:
proves to be the most beautiful one, and thus he should be the heir Amzulescu 1974, No. 32; Bulgari;:-
1H12421. Because his brothers (parents) are envious, two further Oberdorffer 1974, No. 6; Greek: _.,:
tasks are set, and finally the brothers are required to bring a bride lq5b. No.38; Poli'h: KrzVzanor.-.
(most beautiful woman [H1301.1]). SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/"Boratar ,
The youngest returns to the animal which again promises to 1988a; Gvpsy: Briggs 1970f. A I, 3r:
help. The animal is disenchanted by burning, mutilatiory decapi- 98; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskemeti
tation [D711], or by crossing a river [8313, D700], and becomes a Gullakjan 1990; Yakut: Ergis 1967, r.
beautiful princess with a castle. They return happily to his parents 2000; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004; Ar.r:
Saudi Arabian, Qatar, Yemenite: I
as bride and bridegroom. Sometimes they deceive the parents: The
1960, Nos. 402,402A, Blackburn l
youngest son arrives dressed in rags and is ridiculed; then the bride
Nos. 30, 72, 1.46; Chinese: Ting 19, :
arrives and they reveal their identities. When the son arrives in the namese: Karow 1972, No. 10; Frer.r.
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236 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Tenöze 1964ff.Il (app.), Lemieux\974ff.IX, No.21, X No. 18, Xry No.8; Spanish- The true bridr' i. ,:
American: Camarena/ Chevalier 1995ff . II; Mexican, Costa Rican, Panamanian: comes to the kinc r
Robe1973; Dominican: Hansen 1957, No. 402, cf. No. 402**.4; Chilean: Hansen The last night tire k- - :
1957,Pino Saavedra 1967, No. 14;Egyptian: Nowak 1969, Nos.249,252,81-
lD711l (cutting he: :-
Shamy 2004; AlgeriarL Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese: Nowak 1969, No.
formations ID, l: ;
252,E1-Sharny 2004.
The brother, Lr" '. '

The true bride i. ".'

402* The Princess Who Scorned an Unlored Suitor is turned into a frog
mother are punisl-.e
(mouse, etc.) [T75.1, D661.]. She is disenchanted (by another man) ---

and her animal skin is burned in order to prevent her from changing
Combinations: This tvpe i- -. -
back. Cf. Type 400. types, esp.480, 510A, and ais-- .,
and709.
Literature/Variants: Literature/Variants: Arfert I :' -
Macedonian: Vroclavski 1979f.ll, No. 13; Greek: Laogräphia 1.6 (1955 I 56) 1'68- 85-94,2401., c|.230-232; HDl.l .
t70,19 (1961) 569-575; Russian: SUS. Lnthi 1969a, 117-130; EM 2 r l' --
Vedernikova 1980; Scheri 1:r-: ,
4O2A* The Princess Transformed into a Toad. Aprincess who has been 689-692,944-946,II, 1321-1lr,
transformed into a toad (otd witch, etc.) is disenchanted by a young 403; Schmidt 1999.
man's kiss (pity) and marries him. Cf. Type 440. Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ii. I. =.: ,
80a, 80b, 82(1); Estonian: .{.:::-.
Literature/Variants: Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 19,, l'
Scottish: Briggs t97\f . AI,37L; English: Briggs 1970f. Al, 37-1., 409f .; French: Nos. 403A, 4038; Lappish, \\-.:-
S6billot 1880ff. I, No. 2, Carnoy 1885, No. 17, Soupault 1,963, 11,4ff.; German: 403, 403A; Swedi'h: Liunsn'.
*402A**,
Lemke 1884ff. II, 264I|.,Berger 2001, No. 402A**; Bulgarian: cf. BFP, No. Nos. 403, 4038; Danish: C'Lr ' ''
16, IV Nos.52,79, Kristen\(" ::
*402A**; Polish: Woycicki 1920,58ll.,Krzyzanowst<19621.
cf. Koceva 2002, No.
I; Ukrainian: cf. SUS, No.402.4.**; Jewish: Haboucha 1992. Sveinsson 1929, No. 403A; I:..
Delarue / Tenöze L9641f . II; S,:.: :'
403 The Black and the White Bide. (Including the previous Types 403A 4038; Catalan: Oriol/Pujoi 1- : '

and 4038.) A stepmother hates her stepchildren [S31]. The step- Cardigos (forthcoming), \o: -
daughter is kind to someone she meets (e.g. Christ and St. Peter) Flemish: Meyer 1968; Walltrr':' -
(she is sent after strawberries in winter [H1023.3], and meets dwarfs
Cerman: Ranke 1955ff. IL t: -
Bechstein/Uther 1997 I, \o, -:-
who help her). In return she is given great beauty [D1860] (the No.33; Italian: Cire>e/Ser.ri '
power of dropping gold or jewels from her mouth 1D1.454.2,D1,454. Aprile 2000 II, No. 403; Sarclir'.,,::-
1.2]). The stepmother's own daughter is unkind under these condi- 4038; Czech: Tll\e 1,92911. I
tions and is made ugly [D1870] (made to drop toads from her mouth Ga§parikovä 1991f . I, Nos. -1:
tM431.21) [Q2]. Serbian: Djordjeviö/Mi1o§er :-:
The stepdaughter's brother is in service at the court of a king. He Schullerus 1928, No. 403A; B,: -
takes his sister's picture with him. The king sees the girl's picture, 403, 403A.; Greek: Angelopoi-r1c.
falls in love with he4 and sends the brother for her [T11.2]. (The 1956, Nos. 39,52a; Polish: Krz'. -
beautiful stepdaughter is seen accidentally by a king or prince, who 4034,*; Byelorussian, Ukrairri.-
marries her [N711, L162].) IV 5, 90 (3-6), 767 IY 7,210 Ie'.
On their journey to the king's courf the stepmother or stepsister
Haboucha 1992, No. 403, cf. \c
Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, Nos. ':
casts the true bride out of the carriage (overboard) 154321. The king q74, Nos. 403, 403A; Yakut: F:-
I
marries the ugly stepsister [K1911], and the brother is thrown into No.403A*; Buryat: Lcirincz lo. -
prison or a pit of snakes [Q465.1]. (The king's wife gives birth to a Georgian: cf . Kurdovanidze l -
child. The stepmother throws her and her child into the water and Gulf : E1-Shamy 2004; Palestini.: :-
substitutes her own daughter for the bride [K1911.1.2].) No.91, El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: )'
]ason 1989, Blackburn 2001, No:
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:qruard 1€96I uasueEsur{)/urgqqealllr}S O :qsrrl 1V€07 'oN /626I uossura^S '2661 E... -- :-
:)IpueIaJI 17961 uerudll :asaorae4 171 'oN'III'JJü88I uasualqr»'61'29'soN'^I'9I 'JZ96I DISMouezf,zt;q,.llg!
_: . -
'qI 'soN'I'J;I88I uasualsrr»'I8'oN 'I1g-'llr11lSra;puru3 :qsruEq 1g€07'€0,'soN '**vZ0ü* 'oN .Ilg 'JJ :uPtrP: ' -
/786I aupoH :uer8arvr.ro51 lgt17
'yE1V'soN '196I ueru8uml :qsrpams :yeOV'eO1 :uPurraJ :'Jltll 'tc)6t tluu-::' -
'soN '716I uauouned/l+gura)sra» :u€rlarp» ,uersda14 ,qsrddel 1g00t V00ü .soN :qruard !'J60V 'ltt, iI V l0 ,Ä- . j
'l' 11666l aldlaqra; :ueruemßrT lge1fr 'V €,gfr 'soN 216I aupe61 / slpry :upr^te.l
!9261 slttoo-l:ueruo^r'l :gtOV'V9OV'soN '816I aurev :ueruotsg 1(I)Zg 'qOg 'Eog
'(9)61 'soN 'l'1116l ueuDlreH :qsrpams-qsuuq,:tgn'I'llzg6l Eer.usne5 :qsruutC 'g11ad
'666I +Pltutlcg 1967 _
8uno.{ e dq palueqruasLp :r -_:
'oN '866I rügu 109r.I-6üVr ', lStr-Eq?t ',EttT-It|t ',gz|r-Lzgr',rr',9r6-Av6 ',269-689 uaaq sel{ oLIM ssaJurrd y .1tr.- I
glz-trc'96L-t6t '7VL-VVT '68-98 '0t-19 '8-9 '1 966r Jrar{)S 1086r e^olrurapa
:IZBZ'Og;IuneqzreMq)g 1(ydrun6 'y\) gehott(OlOt) ZWIlOtt-ttt'a696TILIrD-1
i996I suaqo5 1(rorüIoD .,14) Ilg-lge (ee-Oe0f ) I NCH :ZtZ-OtZ'p ^lOtZ'V6-99
'Ill'60I-66'ldg:qZI-gZI'I'11868I ollog/ralqQ) 268I +raJrv:sluPuP /arnlPrall'I -e9I(991996t) 91 erqdg:So:- i
'60lpue
'nL'e€g 'II9 'S0I9 'rg7 'OgV'gZ' '60' '1oV 'Ere /IIe os1e pue 'vgrg '937 'dse 'sadd1
ralllo arotu ro auo Jo saposrda q1raa. paurquror dlensn sr adfi srql :suorleulquoJ
Sur8ueqc uroJI raq ]ua^ard r- ..: -
'II9'9019 '09tr'1gV sadd; '13 '[tSZö] pagsrund are raq+our (uelu rallloue dq) palueqrl:ri -
3or1 e olur paurn+ s ,toluts '
rar{ pue aprrq aEe} aq} pue 'palelsurar ro parrreru sr aprrq aru} aqJ Li:-
'pan)sar sI '[g7gg] sa)eus ]o uap ar{} q paurrewn'rarl}orq aqJ,
(V'Zttqj suoqeurroJ
-suer] olrssaccns Surrnp mg Surpyorl 'l1aq uaploB rarl 8un+nc) LUZA)
oN '6961 1E^\oN :asauel)nq : -
-IA'7,92'6üZ soN '6961 1e-..,.:
uorlelrdeoap ,{q raq slueqruasrp pue sa)em 3q4 eql lq31u 1se1 aq1 '.
uasupH:ueolrq) 1V**Z0r.o\ ., -
'([gg9g] pFqJ raq roJ arer o1) saur4 eelü ilnof, s,3u11 aql o] saruor
:uEruElueued 'uBJrU elso] ,Lr'.t. . -
püe'lZ'IgLej (asoo8) {rnp e ol paurJorsuer} sr aprrq anr+ aqJ -qsrued5 i8 oN nIX,gI .oN,\ :
t€z :rr8e1,1 1o sa1e1 tSz lcc r8z lcc
[-
238 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

17,165,170;Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Riftin et al. 1972 Nos. clothes, and goes to the
10, 11, Ting 1978; Korean: Choi 1979, No. 451; lapanese: Ikeda 1971., Nos. 4034, she washes her hands
403B,lnadalOzawal977ff.;French-Canadian: Barbeau 1916, Nos. 8,1'l,,Barbeaul burned. (The snake r.
Lanctot 1931, No. 1,46,Delaruef Tenöze 196411.[, Lemieux 1974ft.yfiI, No.5, DC
heaven.)
No. 22; North American Indian: Thompson 1919,385ff.; US-American: Baughman
1956; Spanish-American:TFSP 14 (1938)106f.,27 (1957) 89-91, Robe 1973;Mexi-
Combinations: 412.
can: Robe 1.973; Cuban, Dominicary Puerto Rican, Chilean: Hansen 1952 No.
Literature/Variants: Köhler i' 8.. :,
4034; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992;West Indies: Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: Parsons
Liungman 1925b; HDM 1 (1931. .
1923bI, No. 78; Egyptian: Nowak 1969, No. 91,87-Sharny 2004; Tunisian, Algerian,
734; Scherf 7995 I, 674-677, II,'- : -
Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; East African: Arewa 1966, Klipple 1992; Namibian:
Schmidt L989 1I, Nos.972, 1042;Botswanian: Schmidt1,989 II, No.972; South
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö l999ii :
Delarue/Tenöze 7964ff. II, \t- =
African: Schmidt 1989II, Nos. 973, 974,Klipple1.992;Malagasy: Haring 1982, No.
Camarena/Chevalier 1995if. II l.
6.403.
Portuguese: |im6nez Romero e- ..
Nos. 404, 533*; Italian: Keller ä..
4034 See Type 403. Hungarian: N{NK II; Serbian: Es;:-,
Albanian: Leskien 1915, No. ::
4038 See Type 403. Polish: Kapelui/ Krzv2anor' -.
No. 240; Gypsy: Aichele/Block -:':
403C The Substituteil Bride (previously The Witch Secretly Substitutes Mayeda /Brown 797 4, No. 69; § p..: ;' I
her own Daughter). A witch secretly substitutes her own daughter Puerto Rican: Hanserr 195.. -t :
for the bride. On the way to his home, the bridegroom discovers the 403**D.
substitution and throws the witch's daughter out of the carriage.
The girl falls down to the earth (under a bridge) and from her navel 405 lorinde and loringel,-
grows a reed in which the witch recognizes her own daughter. to the magic forert ,,: -

she has many other *r:. -

Combinations: 409. her in a cage.
Literature/Variants: Joringel dreanr-.r.'
Finnish: Kl,ein1966, 162ff., Rausmaa 1,972, No. 409; Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. it. He touches Jorinit ,
403C*; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1,999ff.I, No. 4034; thus changes them l....--,
Lappish, Wepsian, Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen L974;Icelandic: Kvideland/ 442.
Eiriksson 1988, No. 2;ltalian: Cirese/Serafiru1971; Chuvash, Votyak Kecskem6ti/
Paunonen 197 4; Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Chinese : Ting 1978, No. 403Cr; Moroccan: Remarks: Tale from Heinricli
El-Shamy 2004. (1777,104-108); only a ferr ,,'.
Literature/Variants: BP II, 69: F...
404 The Blinded Bride. (Previously Type 533* and part of Type S33.) (.7993) 632-635 (H.-1. Uther); Sc:. :
A girl is blessed at birth by fairies (is kind to a snake) who cause Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Lit'r - .
her to produce gold (jewels, flowers) from her hands (mouth 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 19El; I:
1D1.454.2), footsteps 1D7454.71, tears [D1454.4]). Aking sees the girl guese: Trancoso/Ferreira 79;i --
and wants to marry her. Her wicked stepmother (aunt) and step- sian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: N{er .:
sister accompany her on the journey to the king's court. On the way, Ranke I955ff. ll, Uther IqqOa \
the girl's stepmother feeds her with salty food. When the girl asks bian: KaradZi6 1937, Nos. 57, 67 , Cr..
7962f.1, Nos. 405,416; Russian: SL :
for wateL the stepmother puts out both of her eyes [5165] or muti-
27 ; Syrian, Lebanese, Palestiniar.r
lates her. They take her clothes and throw her into the sea. The step-
French Canadian: Barbeau/ D.r'
sisteq, posing as the bride, marries the king. (app.); US-American: Baughma:'. ,
A kind fisherman (poor man) finds the blinded girl, takes her Sudanese, Tanzanian: EI-Shan-n. -
home, and becomes rich from the gold from her hands. He uses the
gold (jewels, flowers) to buy back the girl's eyes [E781.2] (the snake 406 The Cannibal. A coup1.
commands this). The girl recovers her sight, dresses in beautiful eats everyone up. A n'.
]uaurlueLIJua aql SuHeaJq ur spaaJJns upllr y 'dn auo,rrala slua InJrlneaq ur sassarp 'lqBrs :. -
oLl,t,r plllr e a.r.eq aldnor y 'lDqluuü) aql '
orlm [t€D] Ieqruupr e sr 90t a)Puq aqt) lZ'ßtZ) sa (a --
aLIl sasn aH 'spuEll raLI Luoj r '-'
'f 002 rlruplls-lg :uprupzupl'asauEprls raLI sa)et '1rrB papurlq.XIl-_
'uerroro14l'uerra81y'uErsrunl'uer1d.{8g 19961 ueuq8npg :up)rraruV-93 l('dde1 _
atLl\ r.,
II'lJt96L azaLraJ/anrelac 'B 'oN '0ü6I llnEr,\pcl/neaqrpg :uerppupl Llluarl -da1s aq1 'eas aq] olur raq -,,i, - -'
1yg97.,(r.ueqg-19 :re1e§'JlnD Lrprsrad 'ueruepro{'Lrprurlsaled 'asaupqaT 'trurr,(g 17.
-Ilnur ro [9919] sada raLl lrr r.- --
'oN'926I aialprv:isdi3 :gl6L:uosel:qsr.lra{ lsfls :uerssn6 lgtt'g1t 'soN'I'JZ96l
slse ;.rrB äLlt udqM poor '- -
r1s.lrouez.,(zr;,1 :qsr1o4 19661
rauqrn4/se8ar {:)aa.rD 119 lg so5 2€61?r?pere»:uprq
'de.,u aq+ uO'unoJ s,3ur1 a,-.- '-
-ßS !69'oN 'll 966I raltln/I IH) ururr.rD '62 oN /p066I raLIln 'II 'JJ996I aTUEU
:uetrrraD 1lI 'oN /e666L xoa '.V200 'oN '896I ra,ia1r1 :rlsnualC luüS6I roo; :uers -da1s pue (]une) raqloruda:. :'.
-lr1 1*V90ü op '(Surruo:Lllro1) so8rpre) ''IJLZZ /rl6L eilarßl /osoruu;l :asanE ;rrB aq) saes 3ur1 V'(Lt't:r
-nuod 1096I uasuerlsr.rri3/urgLlqea[rlS O :LISrrI 1t86I aupoH :uer8a,,lrro51 11961 qlnotu) spueq raLI Llrort :^l
uuu8unrl :LISrpa,\{S :l'llOOOt a1{1aqra; :u€ruenrltl-I :lßL auparyls[g;y:uer,r1u1 asne) oLI^\ (a1eus e o1 pLrr\' :. :
'1067 retllo 1866I LI]9U :'lt€9't 966t rlaqrs 1(Iaqln 'l-'H) 9?.9-zt9 (?,66L) ('gg9 addl ;o lred puu -:: - .
LWt:IBL-6|I '886I zle.t):gzt-Llt'996L T-r14 169 '11 49 :sluerrE^/arnlpralrt
'salduexa IEro e .{1uo 11991-1ü'lLll)
^\rJ :s{r€ruay
alq)tqrsaD a {uqt4aoz auq' puaBn I s8ur ry19 1 -3un [ 1 4tr nrag luor1 alel :uPfrorohl: Jt0, oN 8_ol :. _
'zw /ugualsra;4 qe.,!on'qse-urlil = _.
/puelapr^) :llpuela)I 1;,61 -.:.
addl 'y3 'lttt1,l sadeqs raruro; rraq+ olq >peq tuaq+ sa8ueqc snql :Vegt oN 'l 'Jlb6ol a1 i1...1.. .
pue ra.{\olJ aql q+I1!\ sprrq raqlo aql ile pue apurrof saqrno] aH ']r 'oN'816I aurEv:uEruol-qf r^ :
spury pue 'rpJeas e uo sao8 'raa,r.o1;: cr8eru e lnoqe srueaJp yaBurlof
'a8er e ur raq
sdaal pue [6gtC 'Z'g8gC] pqq e olur 'aro;aq spr8 ratpo dueru ser{ ar{s
r1/ . .
'.ralq8nep u,lro rarl
se 'apurlo{ sturorsuer} aqg '(qrlrzvr) ssararros e ro }saro} cr8eur aq} ol
oB dleluapnre la8urrof pue aprrrol sra^ol aql 'p?uuol puo apultol S07 Ia^eu raLI urorJ pue '(a8prr; : -:
'aBpr.r,rc: aql
Jo lno ralqrr' -
ari[]
sra^orslp ruoor8aprrq r -.- . .
'196l uasueH "llRZ G,BBI) 1 f1g :uea1q3 !A**totr'7961 uasuell ,rrrr5'$ätf;: ralq8nep umo JaLI salnlrli -r,:- i
'uecrurruoq 1g*€€g'oN'S16I aqo5:uerrraurv-qspedg 169 'o11 'T6l urtotglepa(eyl safi#$qns lil;anag 4)tt.\l ::, i
:u€Ipul 1l'oN'086I rpra>Ia^ / Druasf, ZI'oN tzg6l ryolg l aIaqrIV :dsdd3 1072'oN
'096I :r{sDIrnI 1tZ 'oN 296I rysrutouez,tztl Tgnladey :rlsrlocl
^plErog/preqraqg
19'oN'016I reepl ''ggg1 '9961 rue1a:IaarD igg'oN /916I uoqsaT :uerupqlv
1IZ'oN' 0961 4.q)S :ueqeor) 192'oN /266I ra+psg :uerqras 1I »Ny,tr :uerre8ung
1lI 'oN '096L 1g1el,llq)sol 160 'oN '696I ra8rppy/ra11a» :uEIIelI 1*g€q 'r0ü 'soN
'(Suruocglroy) so8rp;e3 !I?,'0?, 'soN '066I 'le 1a orauro5 zawgun[:asan8nlro4
1*€09'oN'€002 Io[nd/lorro :uuleleJ 1*€€g 'oN 'II'!!966I rar1e^aqJ/euarplupJ 'oN '286I Surreg :ise8u1u11 -.- ,
'9,'oN' 1961 n?ur1te) / raralN :gsruedg 1e0t'oN'II' lw96I azQual / anrpla6 qtnos:z16 'oN'II 686I tpi--.,i. -
:q)uorC 10€g 'oN '1961 ueur8unr'I :qsrpams :t'geOA a1Älaqray :ueuenqll.I '..-
:uerqILuEN 17661 alddrpl
'*€07 'oN '866I q]gu !q9661Brcqp]tr) lgZgl-IZEI '['tt9-vt9 'I 966I !ßq)S :Ve I
'uer.ro31y 'uPrsrunf :f002 \ -
'Lhi (6t6T) ZlNg :86 /€96I uosrapuy !'iltz (ee-OeOt) I NCH 1qE761 ueu8unrl cuos.lPJ :uPrprJA ade3:...- -.
:rc-eg 1Jt '9gz-glz 'II dS :E9V ' lfr€, 1 '1196gl atlog / TaILIA» :slueuE^/arnterell-I 'oN '196l uasueH :upalrl1l -...
'zI7 :suoIlEuIqruo)
-rxalN 1€16I aqou '16-68 (l!. . _ -
ueruqBneg :ue)rraury-Sa : I:::
('ua.Leaq 'xI'9',oN'lIlL'llrt6Lxnarlur-'
o] surnlar pue la8ue uerpren8 s,pr8 aql sr aleus aql) 'paurnq
/neäqreg'II '8 'soN '9161 r.ru:,:--
arE uaruoM p»prM arl] pue ,Jaq sarrrEur eH 'spuell raq saqse^t aqs 'vtgisoN 'll,ol ePr)l rr-)....:..
uaqu raq sazruSocar 3uI{ ar{J 'lrnoa s,8ur» aql o} sao8 pue 'saq1o1c 'soN 216I 'lE la uqJr5:asaurl1-
6€Z rr?ery;o sa1e1 n8z lcJ 7BZ ICC
h».*:
a
\\.--
240 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

1D71.6], and the cannibal is transformed into a maiden [D11.1]. They Combinations: 311, 313, 465, t.
are married [T101]. Cf. Types 307,315A. Remarks: The motif of the "C::
beginning in the 2nd centurr-. -\-.
Literature/Variants: in Basile, Pentnmerone (1,2).
Danish: Grundtvig 1976ff.1, No. L3; Rumanian: Karlinger/Birlea1969, No.23; Literature/Variants: BP I, 49S-l
Greek: Hahn 1918 II, No. 65; Ukrainian: SUS; Abkhaz: §akryl 1975,Nos.1.6, 17; Meinel/J. R. Klima); Scherf 19.':
Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, Nos. 68,69;Georgian: cf. Kurdovanldze2000, Nos. 406", 1247-1252; Röth 1998, Nos. + -
406**;lapanese: Ikeda 1971, No. 3154, Inada/ Ozawal977{f . Todorovi6-Redaelli 2003, 72-r
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvi;.r-
407 Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 7999ii ,
The Giil as Elo@et. (Including the previous Types 407 A, 4078, 652A,
100ff.; Flemish: Meyer 1968; \\'.r
and702B*.) This tale exists chiefly in three different forms:
11ff.; Cerman: Ranke 1955ff. II ..:
(1) A girl (womary fairy) has been transformed into a flower
No. 160; Italian: Lombardi Sa:: .,
(twig, bustr, tree, fruit) (transforms herself) 1D212].Aman (her pre- 4078, 6524; Hungarian: NI\^r
destined lover) breaks a stalk and the flower changes back into a girl Slovakian: Polfvka 1923fI. III :-:
1D771,.41(he takes the girl in the form of a flower on a journey with 510; Slovene: Milöinski 1,977
'---
him and transforms it afterwards). He marries her [T101] (some- Bo§kovi6-Stulli 7963, No. 48; R... :-
times her vegetable clothing has to be burned). Cf.Type 652. -ll5f., Karlinger 1982, Nos,; r
(2) After a hasty wish, a woman gives birth to a twig (buslu fruit) No. 652, Angelopoulos/Brou.. .
[T513, T555], plants it in a po! and cares for it as for a child. Aprince I; Russiary Byelorussian, Ukrar:'
is irresistibly drawn to the plant and becomes love-sick [T24.1]. He 275III; Jewish: Jason 1965, Nr. =
obtains the plant. During the night a girl comes out of if eats, and 80, 84, MNK X 1, Nos. 407, ll, E
1967, Nos. 185, 195; Ceorgiar' :
makes love with him.
Nos.4074, 6524;lraqi, Kuu-art- :
When the prince has to go to wa1, the girl stays in the plant. The
No. 4074; Iranian: cf. Marzo.:-
prince attaches a bell to the plant which he will ring when he wants Roberts l9b0; Burmese: Kaser ii
to call the girl. Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting 1!i, '
An envious woman (fianc6e) signals the girl to come. She ap- can: BaughmanL966; Egyptia: :
pears and is killed, and her plant is destroyed. A compassionate Nowak 19oq, No. -b52A.
woman resuscitates the girl [E0], and the rival is punished. (Pre-
viously Types 407A and 6524. Because of its structural similarity, 4074 See Type 407.
also the previous Type 702H-* is integrated here.)
(3) Abeautiful girl wants to have a love1, even if he is the devil (a 4078 See Type 407.
dead man) [C15]. The devil comes in the form of an attractive man
(with animal feet). She follows him and sees him eating corpses in a 408 The Three Oranges. .7.":
church [G20.1]. Several times she is asked whether she had seen (makes her angrr in . .'
anything. She denies this repeatedly, even when the devil kills her love with three oranq;,
sistel, mothel, and father. At last she herself dies. Because she had ls375l.
made special arrangements for her funeral, the devil cannot find her. The prince sets rr-..
Cf. Types 363,74768. which he is given dire:
From her grave grows a beautiful flower (Iily, rose, tulip) [E631.1] The prince finds r:-,
which only her predestined husband (nobleman, prince) is able to them, out of each cc.:-
pick. Because she has to eaf at night she becomes a beautiful who asks for water ( ci
woman. Her husband takes her as his wife (often on the condition prince can give onh' ::
that he may not talk about her or present her in public, so that the other girls die (disapr:
devil will not be able to find her). The couple succeeds in tricking or The prince hides t:
killing the devil (the devil takes the woman to hell). (Previously he goes to get clothes
Type a078.) woman (Gypsy woma:.
+eql DIuIq] aqs 'ralezvr +aB ol sauror (r{ciyu'ueurom dsddS) ueurom
1ce1q,(13n uV'raq.roy (dueduoc 'e8er.r.rec) saqlolJ 1aB o1 sao8 ag dlsnor,tar4) '(lla.l ol ueluLr .., r
alrqm urelunoJ p saprsaq aar+ E uo ueruom aql sapn{ acur;d aql ;ro 8ur1crrl ur spaa)Jns a1dr,--: .
'(s+IruJ aql otl4 urnlar 'readdesrp) arp qrr8 raqlo aql leq+ os'rqqnd ur raLI lir>:-
ar{l pue 'ro, s)s€ aqs }€q^( ueluom prlql aq} dyuo a.tr8 uec acur.rd uorlrpuoJ aq] uo uauo) alr..: : -
alq.l' lg' IZ lq.l ('Jla'sarüolJ'Iarvro+'JoJJIur'quroc) ral€rvr roJ $lse oqm lnJrlnPaq P sal'Uo)aq aq- . _
ueurom Sunod 'pa>I€u ua11o 'ynyrlneaq e saurof, q)ea Jo 1no 'tuagl o] alqe sr (arurrd 'uerua1qr.,-. :
-,
suado aq uar{M '(alrsec) uapre8 e uI s}Inry aq+ spurJ arurrd aql It'feSe] (drpl'aso.r'd1r1) :a..:
'salJelsqo aruorralo o1 dlaq pue'aclzrpe 'suorlcarrp uaru8 sr aqqclqaa.
Surrnp lsanb 13uo1 dlal sarurlaruos) e uo +no slas acurrd aq1 'rarl purl +orruer Ir^ap aql '1::r -r -
'Iszes] pPq aqs asnerag 'sarp llas-r_ r
(ur8r.ro cr8er.u 1o spr8 'slrruy raq+o'suoural) sa8uero aarql rDrM a^ol rär{ sllt) [r^ap aq] uaLl \\ L-: . :
ur IIeJ o1 sI aq :asrnr p sra++n aqg '(,(ezvr raqloue ur d;8ue rag saleur) uaas peq aLIS raqlaq^\ pa\:.- .
.re[ s,ueurom plo ue s)€arq d1]ualosur acur.rd y 'sa8uatg aail.Ll aql 80, e ur sasd.ror 3urlea urrl1 saa! : --.
uEur a^r+JeJlle uE Jo ruto- L.: -
'tr97 addl aag 1g1on P) I^ap aql sr aq J! ua.\a r: .
('araq 1' '; '
'767 addl aag yLOn 'dltreirturs leJn+f,nJls SIL Jr, i::- .
-a;4) 'paqsrund sr 1e,rr: au- : -.
'Y299" 'oN'696I )IelvroN e;euorssedr.uo: y'pa.i.r.r1r,.-
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 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

the reflection of the Orange Girl is her own 111791.6.11, and breaks Qatar: E1-Shamy 2004; Lebanu..
her water jar because she thinks she is too beautiful to carry water. Marzolph 1984; Pakistani: Thr.::- :
The Orange Girl laughs, and the black woman discovers här. 1960, Jason 1989, Blackburr-r li. ,
The black woman succeeds in taking the Orange Girl,s place |apanese: cf. Ikeda, Nos. 40S-{ =
(two different versions). The prince returns, and though he is aston- Delarue / Tenöze 1964ff. II (app l
ished at the sudden change (excuses: sunburry influences of wind II; Mexican, Panamanian: Ro:.
and weather), he marries the false bride. Rican: Flowers 1953, Han-c:'
(1) The black woman pushes the Orange Girl into the water Cascudo 7954, 110ff ., Cascucli. 1 r :
Chilean, Argentine: Hansen 1.1-
1K7911.2.21, where she changes into a fish [D170] (bird [D150]). The 1969, No. 188, E1-Shamy 200i: -
false bride demands that it be killed, but from its remains grows a 710, 236; Kenyan: Mbiti 196t \.
tree. She demands it be felled, but an old woman (man) takes away Haring 1982, No. 7.408.
a splinter (log) [D610]. Out of this once again comes the Orange Girl,
who secretly does the old woman's housework. The old woman 409 The Girl as Wolf , .\:' .
finds the girl and adopts her. The prince recognizes her when he for her married ste'J i. :
hears her life history (when the girl tends one of his horses) a rvoif (lynx, for) [D
[K1e11.31. wolf comes, throrr-
(2) The black woman combs (louses) the Orange Girl and sticks child is brought tt .:-.
a magic needle into her head. The girl changes into a dove [D150] The child's fatir;: .
and flies to the castle. The gardener (cook) hears the bird,s song (on the advice or . '
asking about the prince and his blackwife. The dove is captured anä resiored [o hurnan -
the prince is much pleased with it. He finds the magic needle and are executed [Q:i.l -
removes it, and thus the dove changes back into the Orange Girl
1K1911.31. Cf. Type 452F*. Combinations: 403, 5108.
After the couple's reunion, the false bride is punished (sentenced Literature/Variants: Vederr, -.
to a cruel death; she often pronounces her own judgment). Finnish: Rausmaa I9B2ii. I \
Loorits 1926, No.40B*; Latvrer- -
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other I; Karelian: Kecskemdti / Pdrl r - :- :
types, esp. 3t0,31.3,314, 400, 403, 425,451, 510A, 5L6, andZ09. Swiss: cf. Wildhaber/Uffer 1:-
Remarks: Documented in the 17th century by Basile, pentamerone (y,9). Slovene: Sa§elj 1906f. II,23Si :
Literature/Variants: BP II, 125f ., IY, 257 ff ; Delarue 1,9 47 ; S cherf 1995 I, 23g-237,
.
Sidel'nikov 1952,42ff ., Bä1.i2. -
lI, 782-784; Goldberg 1997a;Dömötör L998; Rörh 1998; Shojaei Kawan 2000; EM
10 (2002) 346-355 (C. shojaei Kawan); shojaei Kawan 2002bj sholaei Kaw aa2o04, 409A The Girl as Goat. ::'-
236-242. A childless \vomair
Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I, No. 78; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Swed,- bears a girl witir ;:- .
ish: Liungma n 19 6L ; Norwegian: Hodne 1 984; French: Deiarue / Ten Eze 19 64ff. rr;
Spanish: Camarena / Chevalier 1995 ff.II, Gonzälez Sanz 1996;Basque: Camarena /
[T554]. (An old u'r:- .

Chevalier 1995ff .II; Catalan: oriol / Pujol 2003; poriuguese: olilveir a 1900ff. rr,
turns into a beaLt: -

(prince) obsen es th. :

Nos.222,287, Cardigos (forthcoming); German: Ranke 19SSlf. II; Austrian:
Haiding 1953, No. 26;ltalian: Pitrö/Schenda et al. 1991, No. 11, Aprile 2000 II; removed her aninra, -.
Corsican: Ortoli 1883, No. 12; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop1,97g;Hun§arian: MNK His mother disapp.r,.. -

II; Czech: Tille 1929 ff . Il 1, 222ff ; Slovakian: Gasparikovä 19glf. l, No. 261, Il,
.
often plays a trick r-r'
"1.
No. 568; Slovene: Kontler/Kompoljski I923I.I, Slff.; Serbian: eajkanovitlg2T, Three times the :,:
No. 33, Djordjeviö/MiloSevi6-Djordjeviö 1988, Nos. 42, 43; Croatian: BoSkovii- aclmired, and danc. r
Stulli 1975b, Nos.29,30; Bosnian: Krauss/Burr etal.2002,Nos.31, 32;Bu\garian: The third time the vt--.
BFP, Koceva 2002; Albanian: Camaj/Schier-Oberdorffer 7974, No. 11; Greek: the girl. Cf. Type i t
Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999;lJkrairuan: sus; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav19sB,
In some variants ,,
Nos. 89, 1,67 N 7;.Jewish: Haboucha 1992;Gypsy:MNK X 1; Armenian: Gullakjan
the same way. But h.e
1990; Yakut: cf. Ergis 1962 Nos. 183,2l9;-Syria.u palestiniary
Jordaniary Iraqi, changes into a girl.
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244 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Combinations 402, 403, and 408. celebration (baptlsr:'.

Literature/Variants: Röth 1998. birthday)wili die o: ,..
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne l977;Llthuanian: Kerbelytö l999ff.I, No. 413A*; Frisian: C:-- -
1F36r.r.1,F316,
Kooi 1984a, No. 413A*; Italian: Cirese/Serafini, No. 413A*, Aprile 2000 [;
sentence into a 1or.rs :-
Hungarian: MNK II, Nos. 4094" 413A*; Slovakian: Gaöparikovä 199'Lf .I, No. 166,
II,No.472; Serbian: Djortljeviö/Milo§eviC-Djordjeviö 1988, No.44, Eschker 1992, The king order. :r-
No. 37; Croatian: Leskien 1915, No.31, Bo§kovi6-Stulli 1963, Nos.27,28, destroyed; but. be;-.. -.
Boökovi6-Stulli 1975b, No. 1; Bulgarian: BFP; Albanian: Mazon 1936, No. 35, prophecy is fulfille.i l
Camaj / Schier-Oberdorffer 197 4, No. 22; Greek: Angelopoulos / Brouskou 1999; spinning in a hidcle: :
Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I, Nos.409A,413*; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, and sinks, together r,. ,.:
No. 85; Jewish: ]ason 1988a, Habou cha 1992, Nos. 4094" 4l3B* ; GSrpsy: MNK X 1, 77,D1960.3,F777.1.: .
Nos.4094, 4L3A*; Georgian: cf. Kurdovanidze2000, No.409A**; Lebanese: cf. thorns [D1967.1] (th. .-
Nowak 1969, No. 247;Yemenite: Daum 1983, No. 19; Iranian: cf.Marzolph1984, At the end oi :--.
No. *409A; Indian: Jason 1989; Mexican: Wheeler 1943, No. 56; Cuban: Hansen through the hedge '). -
1957, No. **416; Tunisian: Brandt L954,62f.; Moroccan: Nowak 1969,No.243;
Cameroon: Kosack 2001, L48, L50, 468, 577 ; Sudanese: Kronenberg/ Kronenberg [D735, D1978.5] (he r:- --
one of whom sucks :::
1978, Nos. 30, 31.
her).
409A* The Giil as Snake (previously Snake Pilncess is Disenchanted). A
In some variarrr. :

snake which is pulled out of a fire furns into a woman and marries
family. During hi- -': -

her rescuer. The husband promises never to call his wife "snake". slaughter and roa-r .'
When he breaks this promise, the woman changes back into a snake and the mother-in-1... ...
full of poisonou- tr ,. -: -
and disappears (is once again delivered by her son-in-law).
home, and lhe m,,r".-
Literature/Variants:
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977, No.409,4.*, cf. No. *4098; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö Remarks: Characteristic rr. t-,:
t999ff.I; Hungarian: MNK II; Rumanian: Birlea 1966II,418ff .;Bulgarian: BFP, No. French Percet'orest and the Ca:--..
409A*, cf. No. *409"*, Koceva 2002; Polish: Krzy2anowskiLg62f.I, No.421; Russian, Pentamerone (V5), and Charle. , .
Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Glpsy: MNK X 1; Georgian: cf. Kurdovanidze2000, Literature/Variants: BP I, 43H:-
No.409,4.*"*. Romain 1933; Vries 1958; Lilti.., -'
l9B4; Rölleke 1984; Ca ma rrr -
1017-1079, 1139-1142, 1.227 --- _:
4098* The Promiseil Supernatural Wife (previously Child Weeping in his
Papachristophorou 2002, q, -.-
Mother's Womb is Promiseil Supernatural Wife). An unborn boy Schlafende Schönheit (forthcc,:'. .

who came into a woman's womb by magic conception begins to Livonian: Loorits 1926; Latvi;rr. -.
weep [T575.1]. When someone pror.rir", lii- u rrpär.raturaf being I; Swedish: Liungman 1961; \-
(fairy) as his wife, he stops crying and is willing to be born. Christiansen 1963; French: D. ..
The boy grows up very fast and sets out on a quest for the girl. Chevalier 7995ff.II; Catalan: C:.
With the help of supernatural beings he finds her. They marry Cardigos (forthcoming); F1e:-.-
lr1i1l. Tomkowiak 1993,313, Grimm K..l
Uther 1997 I, No. 52; Austriar -
Literature/Variants: Eilr47 (1993) L243-1247 (D. D. Rusch-Feja). Italian: Aprile 2000 II; Ma1te.;
Hungarian: MNK II; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1984,99ff ., Kosovä-Koleöänyi 1988, Slovene: Flere 1931, 8ff.; Croati:.r-
100ff.; Rumanian:Zs. f. BalkanologielT (1981)1,57, L60; Greek: Megas/Puchner aL.2002, No. 33; Bulgarian: Koct
1998; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Chechen-Ingush: Levin 1978, No. 9. Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962i. L l, -
Haboucha 1992; Gypsy: MNK \
410 Sleeping Beauty. (Dornröschen, La bella addormentata.) (An- Fadel7979, No. 39; Indian: Thomp...
nounced by a frog [F211.7 .7,8493.1]) a daughter is born to a royal Osipov 1976, Nos. 77,763; Frenc;-
US-American: WF 40 (1981) 236i
couple. A fairy (wise woman) who has not been invited to the
1955b, 1441f .; Chilean: Pino Saar .

t-
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246 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

410* The Petrified Kingdom. A soldier comes to a kingdom where every- 4128* See Type 813A.
thing has been turned to stone. He spends three successive nights in
a castle which is inhabited by evil spirits (devils) without succumb- 413 The Stolen Clotlting -:
ing to fear. All the kingdom revives, and the soldier marries the youth comes upon .r -
princess. Cf. Types 304,307. is told not to go in ., _ :
sees three beautifr,lL :-:
Literature/Variants : BP IIl, 67 -7 1. him, turns him intc : - :

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tf.I, No. 40; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1,999ft.I; Wepsian: bathing girls [K1-]3:
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1.974; German: Grimm KHM/Rölleke 1986II, No. 44;
circumstances [C311' -
Austrian: cf. Geramb/Haiding 198Q Nos. 10, 17;Croatian: Stojanovii 1897,107ff.,
to a pile of ashes. T1-. -
cf. Smiöiklas 1910f1.16, No. 41; Albanian: Leskien 1915, No. 48; Russian: SUS, No.
succeeds or-r his .r. '
41,0*, cf. No. 410**; Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti/
Paunonen 1.974; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Iraqi, Qatar: El-Shamy 2004;
Chilean: Foresti Serrano 1982, 91ff . Literature/Variants:
Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Hu: = :
Polish: cf. Krzy2anowski l*---
471 The King and the Lsmia. A king sees a lovely girl who is actuaIly a Gypsy: MNK X 1; Abkhaz: Bg:.::,,
snake-womanlB29.1l, falls in love, and marries her. Pakistani, lndian: Thomp-,,r .

Little by little the king's health deteriorates. A fakir tells him to

feed his wife salty food and to stay up at night and watch her. The 413A* See Type 4094.
wife assumes her snake form and goes for water.
An oven is heated red-hot and the snake is pushed in. Apebble 4138* See Type 409,4.
is found in the ashes: Anything that it touches turns into gold
[D146e.10.11. 422* SeeType 302C".
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 1968, 457.
jewish: Jason 1965; Gypsy: cf. Mode 1983ff.I, No. 68; Uzbek: Afzalov et aL.-1963
l:.-" ,
I,236ff .; Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, ]ason 1989;
Chinese: Ting1.978.
425 The Searchfor the Lost I
412 The Maiden (Youth) with a Separable Soul in a Necklace. Cf. Types tales. lt combines (f -
302,403,425. Amaiden's life depends upon her necklace 18717.41 Cf. Types 400, 430, t,-_
which she must keep safe. She marries a prince. When a jealous girl
(stepmothel, stranger) steals the necklace, the bride seemingly dies Combinations: fhis type i, r-r-.. ,

types, esp. 300,302,311, 313, -

and the jealous girl takes her p1ace.
451, 570, 706, 707, and 857.
The body of the seemingly dead woman is placed in a church Literature/Variants: BP II, 2rra -
(temple). She comes to life whenever her rival takes off the necklace. EM1(1977) 464-472 (G. A. \te::.
The prince finds the body of his wife and recovers the necklace (a Finnish: Rausmaa l982ft.l,J\:- :

son is born who recovers the necklace). The impostor is punished. 9) Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 19. -
In some variants, a prince whose soul is in a necklace 18777.41 Paunonen 1974; Norwegian: Hi,:.
seemingly dies when the necklace is stolen (by his stepmother). A 38,84, Kristensen 1898, No. 8; Icei.r:.
woman marries the prince and recovers the necklace. Jena 1965, No. 11, Briggs 197rr: :.
Christiansen 1963; English: Bri:.
Combinations:302, 400, and 404. 1q64ff . ll; Portuguese: Cardig,,- l
Literature/Variants: Cosquin 1922a, 27 )9. Legros 7962; German: Ranke 1.:.
Greek: Klaar 1970,49ff.; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 240 (8-9); Jewish: Bechstein/Uther 7997 I, Nos. 1t,. _::
lason1975; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. II, Nos. 118, 119; Abkh az: cf . §akryl1975, No. 9; 1980, No. B, Haiding 1953, No. +l
Armenian: Hoogasian-Villa1966, No.3; Georgian: Kurdovanidze2000; Pakistani, Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975; Slt,.,
Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting1,978; Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004. Nos.490,556; Slovene: Gabrsöek -
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248 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Djordjeviö/MiloSevi6-Djortljeviö 1988, No.45; Croatian: Bo§kovii-Stulli 1953, No. precious gifts bv th. ..
29, BoSkovi6-Stvlli1967f ., No. 2; Albanian: Hahn 19L8II, Nos. 100, 102; Greek: people or anim.tls-,'-
Hahn 1918 II, No. TS,MegaslPuchner 1998; Polish: KrzyLanowskiLg62l. l; climbing a glass m: -: :
Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 90 (11),93 (5-7),93 (8-9),95,103,105,134
residence. She fir-L:.-
V; Iewish: 1asonL975,1988a; Gypsy: Briggs 1970f. AI,495, MNK X 1; Adygea:
bride.
Alieva 1986; Turkmen: Reichl 1982, 87-102; Tadzhik Grjunberg/Steblin-
Kamenskov 1976, cf. Nos. 20, 22; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Lebanese, Pale- She takes ber\ - - :

stinian: Nowak 1969, No. 251, EI-Shamy 2004; Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 254,EL- (golden implemer-.,.
Shamy 2004; Persian Gulf, Kuwaiti: El-Shamy 2004; Afghan: Grjunberg/Steblin- for three nigl-rts ':,. .-
Kamenskov 1976, cf. Nos. 1, 21; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 1960, No. 4254; r,rrants to alr.aken l'.-. :'
Indian: Jason 1989; Chinese: Riftin et al. L977, No. 5, Bäcker 1988, Nos. 6, 9; 'oporific. H. -f -
a '

Korean: ChoiL979, No. 200; Indonesian: Vries 1925f. II, 405 No. 154; French- and recognizes her' -. -
Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze1964ff.II (app.); Spanish-American: TFSP 8 (1930)99- bride.) Cf. Tvpe 31:
101, 35 (1,971) 127f., Robe 1,973; Spanish-Americary Mexicary Costa RicarL
Panamanian: Robe 1973; Puerto Ricary Dominican: Flowers 1953; BrazTlian: Combinations: This tvpr '- L -.
Alcoforado/Albän 2001, Nos. 26, 27;'Nest Indies: Flowers 1953; Egyptian: types, esp.300,301,313, la: =-
Nowak 1969, Nos. 250, 25L, El-Shamy 2004; Llbyan: Nowak 1969, No. 245; Remarks: Many strrctur-.rl . ''-
Tunisian, Algerian: El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Nowak 1969, No. 244,El-Shamy because Sr,r.,ahn reversecl sr-rl-:-. ---. -
2004; East African: Klipple 1992; Sudanese: Klipple L992, El-Shamy 2004; to one tvpe or the other. l- --.
Tanzanian: EI-Shamy 2004. gifts" and "nights bought''.
Literature/Variants: Kcjhle: :
425A The Animal as Briilegroort. (Including the previous Type 425G.) 43; Tegethoff 1922; Boberg 1-:: :
This type combines various introductory episodes with a common EM 1 (1977) 464-472 (G. .\ t,.1. _ ,
main part. Cf. Types 430,432, and 447. 261, 431-437, It, 1122-712, : -,,
Introductory episodes: Papachristophorou 2002, 1lr -:
*
(1) The youngest daughter asks her father (the king) to bring her Finnish-Sr^, edish: Hacknrar- ,
Loorits 1926; Latvian: Aräjs r.1..-
a (musical) rose (lark, etc.) from his journey. He finds it in the garden
of a beasf but in return has to promise his daughter (the first being Qr.igstad 1925; Wepsian, \.- .
Liungman 1961, No. 425-\EI
he meets when he arrives at home) 1L221, 5228, 5247] to the beast.
\o. c) 14, K risl.ensen I 8t I rr .

The father tries in vain to send another girl instead of his daughter Welsh: Baughmanl966; Ensi..- l
152521. Cf.Type a25C. Delarue / Tendze 19 64ff . II ; S':.: :'
(2) An animal-son (snake, crayfislr, also pumpkirt etc.) is born 125C, ConzÄle7 Sanz I(,u,
(because of the hasty wish of his parents) [C758.1]. He demands a 1900ff. I, No. 72, II, Nos. ll, -
princess for his wife and performs difficult (impossible) tasks. The Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemisj-L: I .
princess has to marry him [T111]. Uther Iqq6 [], \o>.88, I2. E, .
(3) A girl is intended (by fate) for an animal bridegroom or agrees Nos. 4254, 425G, cf. No. -125,i- -
to marry him[8620.1., L54.1]. Aprile 2000 Il, Nos. 425A --=
(4) For other reasons a girl has an animal husband and lives 347ff.; Slovakian: Ga§pariko,. .-. -
Serbian: KaradZiö 1937, No , :
together with him in his castle. He becomes a beautiful man by night
1975h, No. [2; Rumanian: -
1D627.7,8640.1). Koceva 2002; Albanian: LamL.r: -
Main part: 405, 76 (1856) 409-41 2,20 (19ti :
When the young wife (often on the advice of her female rela- cf. Krzy2anowski 1962f. I, Nr. =i.
ttues) burns the animal-skin of her bridegroom [C757.1,] (looks at Boratav 1953, Nos. 95 IV, 9S , ,

him during the night or burns him with candle waxfC32.L, C916.11, Paunonen 1974;tJzl:ek: LauJ. -r
reveals his secret [C421], or otherwise prevents his disenchantment), Ceorgian: Kurdovanidze 200,
he goes away lC932l. Jordanian: E1-Shamy 200,1, \,.
The young wife sets out for a long and difficult quest [H1385.4] Kur'r'aiti: El-Shamy 2004; L-rcli.r::
(in iron shoes [Q502.2], etc.). On her way she is given directions and Osipov 1976, No. 137; Chinese: :
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250 Hans-]örg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Indonesian: Kratz 1978, No. 50; ]apanese: Ikeda'197L; North American Indian: In some variants . :-.
IAFL 35 (1922) 66-73; US-American: Baughman 1966; Spanish-American: woman accomplish i-:-'
Camarena/Chevalier l995ft.II; Mexican: Robe 1973; Dominican, Puerto Ricary other things, the, gr -..
Chilean: Hansen 1957;Brazilian: Alcoforado/Albän 2001, Nos. 28, 30; West her to kill the girl iK--'
Indies: Beckwith 1924, 130; Egyptian, TunisiarL Algeriary Moroccary Sudanese:
cape the danger [B-+:r ]
El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 425A,425G; Tanzanian: El-Shamy 2004; Central African:
Lambrecht 1962 No.3865; Namibian: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 1048.
turns to a prince [D,,
viously Type 42E. )

4258 Son of the Witch (previously The Diseruchanted Husband: the

Combination s: 425A, -l2rC -t-= :
Witch's Tasks). (Cupid and Psyche.) (Including the previous Types Remarks: The earliest 1iterar.. '. .:
4251,425N, and428.) This type combines various introductory epi- mrtrSthosts (1V,28-VI,24 t, ca .

sodes with a common main part. Cf.Type 425A. Types 425,4 and 4258, and oir..- .-
Introductory episodes: ing to one type or the other. Tl'.. ..
A young woman marries a supernatural bridegroom: casket, hich entails the r ir - -
r,r
(1) She is given to her bridegroom because of a present that she natural bridegroom is tlre r. ,-.
has asked her father to bring back from a journey [5228). According to Swahn (lqar : .. -
(2) The bridegroom performs a set of difficult tasks. Literature/Variants: BP II, ll -'
(3) She pulls up an herb and discovers the bridegroom's subter- 295; Megas 1971;EM1(79r , =.:--
291, il,923*925,1025-1026, 1 _ -
ranean castle (a wind carries her there). _

10 (2002) 7324-1327 (T. A. T;:-:'.

(a) She finds him in another way.
chrislophorou 2002, l0] l:l
The bridegroom is the son of a witch (ogress) or he is (during the Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, \- - -
day) an animal 1D627.71. 230, Finnish-S'r,r.,edish: Hackn'..:'
Main part: Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 19, I -..
20;
The young woman breaks the bridegroom's prohibition (cf. Type Paunonen 7974;Svrlantan: \\.-- -
425A), and he goes away lc932l. (Before he leaves, he gives her a Nos. 425ABC, 428; Danish: C:-.:- -:
tokery e.g. ring, feather.) (In iron shoes) she sets out to find him 16, Kristensen 1881ff. II, No :-
[H1385.4, H11251. Chambers 1870,95f{., CampL.. :
The bride comes to the house of her bridegroom's mother, a 327, B6aloideas2(7929) 1i.:: -
witclu who swears by her son's name not to devour her. The witch Jacobs 1894b, 20ff.,34ff.; Frer';- - ,

Spanish: Camarena/Cheval j.:, - -

imposes difficult tasks on the young womary which she performs
Catalan: Oriol / Pujol 2003; Pt r:,r :-
(with the help of her bridegroom): to sort a large quantity of grain
coming); Flemish: Volkskur.rric : . '
[H71.22], to fill mattresses with the feathers of all kinds of birds, to 81,82,90, Henßen 1944, 5ff., -'\, - --
wash the black wool white and the white black [H1023.6, cf.Type Sträh1/Luratt 1984, No. 1t, r-:-
1183], to sweep a house but leave it unswept [HL066), etc. In some Mas*ignon 1903, \o. 27, ci. \
variants she enchants (three) suitors and makes them fight (part of Hungarian: György 1934, \o -: l
previous Type a25N). Cf. Types 31.3,875. 197f{., cf . Ga§parftovä 1991i I l.
The young woman is sent on a dangerous journey to bring a Rumanian: Kremnitz 1882, \c : :
casket from the sister of the witch. Having passed obstacles (with 2002; Albanian: Camaj /Schie:-- --

the advice from her bridegroom) and obtained the casket, she is (1941) 341ff., 21(7963 I 64\ 7:t:
forbidden to open it. (Cf. Types 409 480.) When the bride acts against Russian, Ukrainian: SUS, No, ll.
ish: Eberhard/Boratar, 1953, \,-- -
the prohibition, her husband helps her.
Udmurt: Kralina 1961, No. l5: ,.
At the wedding of the bridegroom and the witch's daughte4 the 1979, No. 425N.; Syrian: El-Sh..,::'
young woman has to hold ten burning candles (torches). Her bride- Shamy 2004; Lebanese, Palesii:- .,
groom saves her from being burned. 1984; Chinese : T ing 797 8, No. 4li \
The young woman remarries her bridegroom, or both escape by ican: Baughman 1966; Spani-s11-.-- .

a magic (transformation) flight 1D677,D6721. Chevalier 199511. il; Mexican: Rr, :-,

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252 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E.1 FFC 284

Puerto Rican: }{ansen1957,No.

**429;Venezuelan: Hansen1957, No.425*D; Egyp- American: Robe 1973, Camaren,:
tian: Nowak 1969, No.251, El-Shamy 2004; Tanzanian: El-Shamy 2004, No.42B. Colombian: Camarena/Cher a,-.
No.29; Westlndies: Flowers 1!::
425C Beauty and the Beast. (Including the previous Type 425H.)
A merchant sets out on a journey and intends to bring back pres-
425D TheVanishedHusbltl.j.
Ke ep ing lnn IB atlr - l t o r,
ents for his three daughters. The two elder ones demand jewels and
(A childless cou:- -
clothes, the youngest aroselL227f. The father is not able to find one.
He loses his way and stays overnight in a deserted castle, where and wants to marrr'; -
goat, bird, etc., or tl' .
he breaks off a rose. An (invisible) animal (beast) demands that the
the suitors [T68] an.i r
man return or send a substitute ls222l. The youngest daughter
the night he turn. ir:.
meets her father's obligation but refuses to marry the (ugly) animal,
who treats her kindly. wife against telling rr-.
In a magic mirror she sees her father is ill. She is allowed to visit her [C932].
The wife sets up ::-
him but (influenced by her envious sisters) overstays the allotted
timelC761,.2]. She returns and finds the animal near death, realizes
tells a tale gets trc. r
she gives a golden cc'
she loves him, and caresses or kisses him. By this means she dis-
enchants the prince from his animal shape [D735.1]. They marry. She thus learns r'. r', -

lc991l. She finds ht: .-

Combinations:300, 425, and 425A. In some variarrts ,,
Remarks: Type 425C is characterized by the "presents for the daughters" intro- bird [D150], and bec,- :
duction and the absence of a quest or search. It first appears in two 18th century to anyone who ca: :
French versions, Mme. de Villeneuve's La Belle et la b€te (1740) and Mme. de womary who knor". .

Beaumont's tale of the same name (1757). Cf. Mme. d'Aulnoy, Le Mouton (L698). and makes her l.-i'.i::'
Literature/Variants: BP II, 231234,241)45; HDM 1 (193013)237-239 (P. Groth); castle. She relea-.- i '

Pires de Lima1952; Swahn 1955,296-31,2; Megas 197L;8M1, (1,977) 464472 (G. years (standiflg \r .:-
A. Megas); Bottigheimer 1989; Hearne 1989;Kaltz 1989; Scherf 19951,609-611,II,
or more). By doin: : -
1056-L059; Dekker et al. 1997 , 56-61; Röth 1998.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff .I, No. 43; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1,917f .1, No. cf.
want her. With the :'.
Nos. 76, 12Bb; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: wealthy. Her bride::.
Kerbelytö 1999ff.I; Swedish: Liungman 1961, No. 425ABC; Danish: Berntsen on him (he must'ru ,:
reunited. (Prer.ior-r. '.
-
1,873f .ll, No. 22, Kristensen 1881ff. II, No. 51, Kristensen 1884ff. III, No. 51; Faer-
oese: Nyman 1984; English: Briggs 1970f. AI,487ff.; French: Delarue/Tenöze
l964ff.II; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995fl.II; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003, Combinations 425, 425 A.
Nos. 425C, 2lH;Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al. 19631.I, Nos. 110, Literature/Variants: Swahn -' : :
111, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Sinninghe 1943, Kooi 2003, No. 15; Frisian: Spanish: Camarena Lauciri,. . -'
Kooi/Schuster 1993, No. 9; Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: Grimm KHM/Uther 175, Cardigos (forthcoming I i..'
1,996II, No. 88; Austrian: Haiding 1969, No. 168; Ladinian: Decurtins 1896ft.XIV, Aprile 2000 II, No. 425F; Bu,:.:
93; Italian: Aprile 2000 II; Sardinian: Aprile 2000 II; Maltese: Mifsud-Clircop 1978; \1q53) 319 323,1b (lq5b) I .- '-
Hungarian: MNK II, No. 425C, cf. No. 425X*; Czech: Tille L929ff. l, 555f1.; 135, 469, 569-575; Turkish: E.. :-

Slovakian: Polivka 1923ff.III,189ff., GaSparkovä1991,f.I, Nos. 196, 339; Slovene: I (var. b, c), 102 III 5 (var. d, tr '.
GabrSöek 1910,123tf .; Serbian: Öajkanovit 1922 No. 15; Rumanian: Schullerus DruZinina \959,23ff .; Lebane..
1,928;Bulgarian: BFR Koceva2002; Greek Laogräphia10 (1929) 433435,16 (1956) \o. 425t; Iranian: cf. Marz,'.':
402404,19 (1961)569-575; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; Russian, Byelorussiary Chilli Iq20, 1l3ff.;Japanesr: I^
Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 99, L04; Gypsy: MNK X 1q82, Il5ff.; tgyptian: Arti r -
1, No.425C cf. No.425X*; Cheremis/Mari: Sabitov 1989; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti/ 2004, No. 425F; Libyan: cf. \c, .
Paunonen 1974;Yakut:Ergis'1967, No. 179; Mongolian: LörinczL979;Ceorgian 425F; Algerian, Moroccan: \r-. '
Kurdovanidze 2000; Indian: Thompson/ Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting 1978; J apa-
nese: Ikeda 1971, Nos. 411A, 41L8, 411C; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze
L964ff.II (app.); US-American: Baughman 1966,WF 40 (1981) 2421.;Spanrsh-
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254 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

4258 The Enchanted Husband Sings Lullaby. (Including the previous 425L See Type 425E.
Type a25L.)A young woman follows an enchanted man (usually a
prince) to his underground castle (grotto) and marries him. During 425M The Snake 4s B,'ltlt'{r.
KePt). AserPent (rr ::.:
the night her husband takes on his human shape. He forbids her to
open a certain room [C611] (she is not allowed to watch him at night,
girl and gives the::' :-,
IK1335]. The =e11'.;'1 '
"
t; wake him up, to open the padlock of his heart or to look through
the bottom of the st:.
a keyhole into his body). She breaks the taboo and, although she is
The serpent Pr.i::- ,:
pregnan! she is chased away.
The pregnant woman finds lodging in the house of a rich woman
she performs c(] :. '

1H1125, Q502.21, sP rr- :-

(queen) whose son had disappeared a long time ago. Here she gives
birth to a child. At night the enchanted husband visits his sleeping lowing the advice r: :
wife, sings a lullaby to the child, and thus tells how he may be dis- finally she and her ci',- ':
days. But she is rr ar:-. -
enchanted (roosters must not crow, church bells must not ring, etc').
The woman keL'1-':
Maidservants report this to the lady of the house. In the third night
.

the conditions demanded in the song are met (the enchanted man is relatlves about theL: :-:
embraced or seized). The man is released from the enchantment and formula by n'hich l-1.- ::
is recognized as the missing son. (Previously Type 425L.) Cf. Type the serpent and ki. r' -
434.
Together lt'iih 1'..: .
husband, but there ..
Combinations: 432. children have betr:.- - -
Remarks: Early version see Basile, Pentamerone (II,9). trees [D215].
Literature/Variants: Swahn 19 55, 318-320; BradünaitÖ 1 975.
Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff .II, Nos. 425E, 425L; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol Combinations: 857.
2003, Nos. 4258, d.42\L;Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. II, Nos .229,286,334, Cardigos Literature/Variants : Köhler
(forthcoming); Italian: Cirese/Serafin11975, No.425L, Aprile 2000 II; Sardinian: 1998.
Aprile 2000 II, No. 425; Hungarian: MNK II, No. 425L; Slovakian: cf. Ga§parikovä Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, \.-
Viidalepp 1980, No.55; Lalr'-;:- -,
--
1984, 17 4ff ., cf . Filovä / Ga§parikovä 1993, L30 ff ; Croatian: Bo Skovi6-Stul1i L9 63,
.

No. 30; Macedonian: Popvasileva 1983, No. 90; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, No. I; Wepsian: Kecskem6ti,"Par-r:- - -
425A;Bulgarian: cf. Parpulova/Dobreva 1982, 156f1., BFP, No. 425L; Greek: Krauss/Burr et al.2002, \o. l: -
Laogräphia 17 (1957 I 58) 619-622, 19 (196t) 569-575, Megas 1970, Nos. 26, 29; 178ff.; Russian, Byelorussial. ' l
Turkish: Eberhard/Borutav 1953, Nos. 95 V 102 III 4 (var. h), 1.} ,Boratav 1967, Tadzhik: Rozenfel'd / Rr'Öko-. -'

No. 6; Jewish: Haboucha 1992, No. 425L;Gypsy: MNK X 1, No. 425L; Palestiniary Mbiti 1966, No. B.
Saudi Arabian, Qatar: El-Shamy 2004, No. 425L; Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 425E,
425L; ]apanese: Ikeda 1971, No.312A; Mexican: cf. Robe 1973, No.4254; Chilean: 425N See Type 4258.
cf. Hansen 1957, No. 25.Egyptian: El-Shamy 1999, No. 23, E1-Shamy 2004, Nos.
4258,425L; Libyan: Nowak 1969, No. 97; Tunisian: El-Shamy 2004; Algerian: El- 425P See Type 302.
Shamy 2004, Nos. 425E,425L; Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004, No.425L.
425* The [nsulted Bridt! '

425F See §pe 425D. mal Husband Ittsultt,;

sisters) wants to n'. -'
425G See Type 4254. first one whom -1'.
mouse with a rtirrk ..
425H SeeType425C. and the princer> t-' '
when guests insult : '
425J See Type 4258. inhabitants disappe:. :
She sets out on .

425K See Type 884. hermits direct her t''

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ox\J '[f'gg0lH] pueqsnq tsol raq ro] tsanb E uo lno slas aqs
'auo1e,lasrar{ spuq ssarrrrd agl pue ieaddesrp s}ue}rqequr
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tseay Surppa^r ar{} Surrng '[S1f] rurr{ sarrreur ssacur,rd aq} pue
'Äqsawoc (rc1ettr ?wr{,uec uera tood e) ye1 ßur4utls e q:;zv' asnoru
y '(asor ureltar e dn sqctd ra^aoq s+aaru ar{s urorllr{ auo +srrJ
aql drreru lsnur aqs ]eq] slslsq req+eJ^)raH d.rreru ol sluE^^ (sralsrs
aargl ;o lsa8unod aq+) ssacurrd y '(4sang fiq pa71nsu1 puaqsng lotu
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'uarplrqr oml o1 qllrq sa,rr8 aqs arer{lrt (Eas aq} Io uro++oq aq} sr aqs q8noqlle 'pue ooqel a-., - .
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urrq drreur o1 sasnuord aqs ueq^r. dpo lceq uraq] saa13 pue pr8 'lq8ru 1e LuILI LIJIeM o+ pa,\\rrl-. - '
Surqleq e ;o saqlolr aql s1eals (uo8erp €uraq .raleu.l liuadl;isy '(+day ol raq sprqrol ag'adeqs LrerL:--
sluaurrug s,p1g 8u1.rprg dlsnor,ratd) utooßapqg sa »pus aql lNgZü Sur;nq'LLIIq sarJJeur pup ( rrr-,.r -:
e dllensn) uerx paluer-pua Lrt' :
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992 ,82 l{C
256 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC284
FFC 284

the mouse-bridegroom. Through her love he is disenchanted and

Whenthe donker-'rr
turns into a beautiful prince [D700].
him by offering hirn J

In some variants the princess lives in poverty with her husband.

wedding night the dor
She dreams of a splendid castle and of wealth. TWo times the dream
some prince. A sen-ani
comes true, and she invites her relatives to the castle. When her poor
up the skin on the foll,
husband appears, someone calls his name and the castle disappears.
become a donkey agai
The third time, she instructs them not to call her husband's name.
gives him part of his k
Thus he is disenchanted.
Remarks: From a versified nor-el
Literature/Variants: was much read in courtly circles.
Lappish: Qvigstad 1927tr.1[, No.49; Swedish: Hylt6n-Cavallius/Stephens1,844,
to the ancient novelle of Pseudo-L
381ff.; Scottish: Campbell 1890ff. I, No. 3; Luxembourg: Gredt 1883, No. 920; larized by the Grimms' text. Ora
Italian: Gonzenbach 1.87 0 II, No. 77, Cirese / Serafi nl 197 5. they are difficult to distinguish t:
Literature/Variants : BP II, 23+::
426 The Two Giils, the Bear, arud the Dzaarf. During the winter two EM L (1,977) 865-867 (F. Wagner r:
sisters (called "Snow White" and "Rose Red") invite a bear into their cf. EM 4 (1,98a) a26; Scherf 1995 1.
hut. Three times the sisters rescue an evil dwarf who was going to H.49.
steal some treasures, but he is ungrateful and insults them [F451.2. Swedish: Liungman 1961; Nonr
3.1, K1111.1, F 451.6.1, F 451.5.2.Ll. Christiansen 1963; Spanish: Gonz,
Thereupon the bear (who had been enchanted by the dwarf) Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: X
catches him. The dwarf offers treasures to the bear if he will devour 1996II, No. 144; Austrian: ZingerJ
the girls instead of him. But the bear kills the dwarf and thus is Ukrainian: SUS; Armenian: Gulla
No. 7; Georgian: Kurdovanidze -
disenchanted and turns into a prince 1D7631. The prince marries one
Indian: cf. Bodding 1925ff. L \r.
of the sisters and his brother (who was not mentioned until then) the
American: Baughman 1966; Egl'
other. 2004.

Remarks: Retold by Wilhelm Grimm from a tale by Karoline Stahl (1818).

Literature/Variants: BP Ill,259f.; Karlinger 1963; Bausinger 1990; Scherf 1995 II,
431, The House in the Fore.
1,041-1043; EM 8 (1996) 1350-1353 (H. Rölleke); Röth 1998.
house in the forest rsh
Finnish: Rausmaa 1972,No.S9;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne l9T;Swedtsh: d. Sahlgren/ [D1890, D766.7.7, D75
Liljeblad 1937f{.II, No. 83; French: Delarue/Tenö2e1964ff.II; Dutch: Meder 200O make a bed orLlv for th
No.9; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; German: Stahl 1821,206ff., Ranke L955ff.II, Uther for the old man to go ti
1990a, No. 61, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996111, No. 161; Italian: Aprile 2000 II; Sar- in his cellar.
dinian: Karlinger 1,973b,17ff .; Czech: jech 1959, No. 40; Croatian: Stojanovi6 1879, The youngest girl ta
92tr.;Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; Russiary Ukrainian: SUS; Chinese:Ttt:rg1978; takes the leftovers for h
Mexican: Robe 1970, No.64. is settled down for the r
old man, she finds a r
428 See Type425B. servants, had been eni
marry lL762l, and the ,
430 TheDonkey. (Asinarius.) After a royal couple have long wished for themselves to be sr-mp
childreru the queen finally gives birth to a donkey. Raised as a In some variants a r,
humarL he learns courtly customs and how to sing and play the lyre ter and mistreats the ir
(harp, etc.) lD963l. food. She follows a rolli
On the day when he first sees a reflection of his face, he runs forest. She shares her fi
away accompanied by a servant. In a foreign country he entertains has brought with heri ;
the king's court with his musical talents. He meets the king's (forest spirit). On the ac
daughter and is charmed by her beauty. with her, and he is disr
She marries the man or
saluof Jalsrs snolea[ aq1 'pre,r,rar E uo^r8 sr Jo ur]ru aq] sarJJeur aqs
'lrc7.6l] (sleurue at{} r.{}},n Suoie) pa}uellluasrp sl aLI pue laLI LIll,\{
paq ol uerx aql sa>lel aqs 'sleturue aL{} Jo arrÄpe aq} uO '(+yids 1sarol) "qnea
s,3ur1 ar{l slaaru aH 's}ua1et [E
uelu-leurrue ue ro uelli plo ue o+ puq sr pue (raq Llll,\t ll1Bnorq seLI sureualua aq d;rlunor u8rarol e u
aqs tuoq.r,r) arar{l a^ll or{Äa. s[eurrup q]I^\ poo, raLI sareLIS aqs lsaroJ sunr aq /aJeJ slt{ }o uor}JalJar E
aLI] ur asnol{ (paluuqrua) e ol pearq Jo Jeol 3ur11or e sr,\ollo1 aLlS pooJ
alllIl E dpo raq 8ur,u8 talsrsdals snolrlsnpul aql slEarlsrlu puE ral ardl aql deld pue Surs o1 .troq pu:
-q8nep paradural-peq',(ze1 raq spods uetuo,lr E slr-r€rrer\ auros uI e se pasrell daluop E o] rürrq
'slerurup o1 rrlaqledtu,is aq o1 sa^Iasuaql
JoJpaqsrm 3uo1 a,Ler1 aldnor p-ii
a,rord daq] Irlun sprpur sE alras lsnLu sralsrs alii pue 'lZStll,irrelu
arurrd aL[] pue pr8 aq1 'L{rl}Ä\ e ,tq palueqrua uaaq peq 'slue^ras
aarql slll LIIIM raqlaSol 'oq]!l 'acurrd 8uno,i e spurJ alls /uEru pIo
aLI+ Jo pealsul 'aoepd B ur dn SO)EI\ aq5 +q8ru aLIl roJ Lr^\op pal]]as sI
uetu plo aLIl rage dpo paq o1 sao8 puu 'JIasraLI ro1 sra^oryal aql saI€] :g7613w7:asaurll) 1gn5 :ue.-. . - . -
pue [fg-l] tuaqt spaal 'sleturue aLI] Jo arer sa1e1 lrr8 lsa8unoi aq1 '6791 cr,roue[o]S:ueqeorl :Ii :,
'relia) srLI uI ,
-rES 111 6697 ap.rdy :u€rT€ll : i -
dn uaq] stnqs aH '[Zö] op iaql aroyaq paq. ol oB o1 treur pio aqi roJ ralltn 'II 'JJ996I aIrIEU / Iln - --
'0002 rapantr :LIrlnCIIII 'jIlgb l r. . - .
lre^^..{aLI} op rou 'slerurue ar{l roJ }ou 'uelu aqt roJ ,i1uo paq p a>lpru
pue )oo) sprS raplo o^,rt ar{f It'EStO 'L'99IO'L'l'99IA '068IA] /uar81qeg 'Jr :qsrpa^ S !1161a'-:.': -
'866I i{r.:
slErurue aa[l] s}tl LI]},\\ sa^ll ueur plo ue arar{^\ isaro} aLIl ur asnoq
'It 966I Jraqrs 1066I ra8ursr.r,. g . - ,
e o1 oB ralllo aLI+ ralJe auo sralsrs aarLII'lsalof aql u! asnoH aql I€V aurlo.re; --
'(8181) ;qe15
'r002
,{r,ueq5-19 :upf,roro11l 'uursrunl /LrE^qrT 'ueqd,i8E 19961 uuurq8neg :uef,rraurv
aqt (uaql IUun pauoquollr lr)1. :.
-Sn 1E 'oN 'lL6I 'Ie ta uIlU 'Jf, :asaurlI3 1gZ 'oN 'l'119z61 Surppog 'Jr :r.r€rpul
1p6p7,{tueqg-li1 :a]rualua 're1e§ 'uerrig 10002 azprue,\oprn) :uerBroaa 11 'op auo sarrleru arurrd ar{J '[€9_C. .
'6661 [o,rop{5 / p,iaJuazo5 :{Ir.lzpEI 16661 ue[1ei1nD :uErLrarurv lsnS :Lrerurprln sr snql pue JreMp aql sllr) -.-:--
'uurssnroladg tuprssn5 :'il€ZZ'9tOt apa8urT / apa8urT :uerrlsnv lfiI 'oN 'II966T rno^ap III^\ aqJI reaq aql or :f- --
raqln /I,NH) ruurrrD :uplrlral 191 'oN '€002 IooX :qrlnC 1(Suruorqtro;) soBrpru3 (lre.rtp aq] .{q pa}ueLlrua Lrrr-r -
''l1g'166I pqurluoC:asan8nlro4 !g66LZUzSZalezüol):qsruedg 1€96I Lrasuer+sr.rrl3
i urELIqBagrlS O :rlsrrl 1i86t aupoH 1r :uer8a,l,rroN 1I96I ueu8unrl :Llsrpo^\S Z'ßf tl trlaql sllnsur puu r:. .'
'6t'H o1 Suro8 sem oqm Jremp p \r ,-.
-tou 'oN 'Ill'lI666L soperpY ]) 19BZ-88Z ''t90L 't E66I lral{rs 192} (t86t) f INf '}l rarp olur rpaq e alr^ur (,,pa5 :. :
1(qrso8uul )) '1609 ßt6L) | LroIlxal.rassp1rel 1(.rau8e,14'{) 198-E9B (ZZOt) t t^t1 oml ralurnl aql SuunC 'J)1,,-,-
1896I uosrapuy :t961uosrapuV :99I-Z9L'ill'€,lZ-l€Z'II dg :slu€up /arnleratrl
'VgZf ad,[ ruorl r-lsm8ur]srp ol llnrrJlrp aru iaql
'916I I'!..-:.'-:-
leql paler/\aiqq€ qlntrl os uolJo ale slrorsla.\ IPro +\r+ ,sluurrrD aq1 ,iq pazuel 1026 'oN '€8BI +par3 :3;no;u-: ' -
-ndod ara,r'r SUorsJOÄ aso.r.1 snialndy pue LrErf,n1-opnasd Jo alla,\oLr luarf uE aLIl ol 'ytrg 1 suaqdalS/ snrllp^pJ-r. r.
pä)r-)l.l
\r qJ!.1!l!glcuas rrpl.xnLl LI]r.,r .i..1r.rop aql's.rltlrJ.ill"rrro-. ur ppäl LIJnLU sp.\\
LITILIÄ\ /002t ec LLrorJ EIIa^oLr par1rsJa,\ E ruorJ:s)Jet'uay
lo.tueru;a3 urJLIlnos
'y97; ad,(1 '13 urop8uq srq;o lrud turq sa.rr8
'aLrieu s,puEqsnq raq
pr-rp urr.l sdols 8uq aLß lnq /aag o] s1uu,u 'ure8e ialuop p aluoraq IIel ol -,- . .
's"readdesrp allse) aq] pup al.u'; -- -
o] alqeun 'arurrd aLIJ '[€'iZlC] tq8ru 8ur,r'to11o; aLI] uo urls aq+ dn
rood ratl uaqg 'alls€l aLI] ol s: .- -
surnq oLI,\t '8trq aq] sllal sql sa^lasqo oLl,\,\ lue^ras y'arurrd auros
ulearp aql salup o,\tl'LillPa-\'! -, -'
-puuq e olur sr-rrnl pr-rp ur{s sq }}o saIE},(a>1uop aLIl lrl8ru Surppa.u
'pueqsnLl rarl Lpr,ll. dgra.tod ur .:
arl] uO '[f'tlSS] a8er.r;er.u ur ralqBnep sILI ru1{ Surralyo dq -+l
lua,rard ol sarrl 3r-u1 atll 'aLuoLI Lunlar ol sllrp,^,r,(a1uop aLI] uaqg
puP pdluPqluaqtp st aLI a \ol - ..
tqz lSeyq 1o sa1el n8z l{c i8z lcc
 258 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

to the house with good food, but does not share it with the animals, Combinations: 425, 425 A, l:
so they do not give her advice. She is unkind to the old man (spirit) Remarks: Ihe beginning (,r .:'
and is (severely)punished. Cf. Type 480. see also Mme. d'Aulno1,'s L r-- .
Literature/Variants: BP II, l:- -
Combinations: 480, 510,4.. I0 I9-l 021. t084-l 088, I 250- I _
Remarks: Documented in the 19th century. Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. L \ -
Literature/Variants: BP IIl,276f .; EM 6 (1990) 594-599 (I. Tomkowiak); Scherf Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 797. '.-'.
1,995 I, 309 f ., 521.-523, 581-583, 7 47 {., fi , 809-8 1 1, 1354-1357 ; Röth 1 998. 1925; Swedish: Liungman 1--,
Finnish-Swedish: Aberg 1887, Nos. 159, 25L, 252; Latvian Aräjs / Medn e 1977 ; l854ff. Il, No. 31,1, Kristerrrr " - '
Syrjanian: Rddei 1978, No. 187; Irish: O Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: 797 0f . AI, 227f ; bish: Ö S,jril.. :. -- -
.

Delarue/Tendze L964f1. II; Spanish: Rey-Henningsen'1996, No. 12; Flemish: 7964ft. II, Cuerreau-Jalaber. - --
Meyer 1968; German: Ranke 1955ff.II, Grimm KHM/Uther 1.996III, No. 169, Iqq5tf. Il; Catalan:Oriol l.r -
Bechstein/Uther1997I,No. 11;Austrian ZingeflelZingerle 791.6,287ff., Geramb/ 358, Cardigos (forthc,'rlirr-
Haiding 1980, No. 1; Italian: Aprile 2000 II; Czech: Tllle1929ff.l,455fl., cf.449ff.; Hungarian: MNK ll;Cz.clr '
Slovakian: Ga§parfkovä 1991f .l, cf . Nos. 1,37, 1,69,II, No. 562, cf. Nos. 345, 395, I, No. 105, II, No. 584; Slor c:'.
414,545,556,557; Serbian: KaradLi(.1932 No.34i Croatian: Bo§kovii-Stulli1963, Greek: Hahn 1918 I, No. 7, \It:...
No.31, Boökoviö-Stullil975b, No.25; Greek: cf. Dawkins 1953, No. 11; Polish: Boratav 1953, \o. 102: Jcr' -'
Krzyäanowskil962f.I, No.4314; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 41; Russian: SUS; Kurdovanidze 2000; Sr.riar-. -. -.

Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No.46; Cheremis/Mari: Beke 1938, No.30, Kanaana 1989, No. 12, El-Sh,..:'
Öetkarev 1956, No. 26; Kalmyk: cf.Lörincz1.979;Syrian: El-Shamy 2004; Pales- 200,1; Persian Gul[,5atr.l' 1.
tinian: cf. Nowak 1969, No. 292,E1-Shamy 2}}4;lordaruary SaudiArabiary Qatat Marzolph 1984, No. "432; p.r-..-.--
Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tendze 1.964ff.II (app.); French-Canadian: Delarr-re ,.: .
Spanish-American: Rael 1957 I, No. 107; Moroccan- El-Shamy 2004; EastAfrican: Robe 1973; Cuban: Hanser.r l..l -
cf. Klipple L992)Tanzanian: El-Shamy 2004. Peflalosa 1992; Colombian: C,::: . -
Egyptian, Algerian: Fl-5h.r'': -
432 The Prince as Bird. The youngest of three sisters asks her father, 2004; Sudane'e: Klipple 1.,'-
when he goes on a journey, to bring her an unusual present (featheq,
plant, book, violin, mirror, pearl, etc.) 1L221,1. The father at first 432* See Type 444..
cannot find such a thing, but then he obtains it from an unknown
prince. (Cf. Types 425A, 4258, 425C,894.) The daughter uses the 433 See Type 4338.
present to call its owner, who comes (in bird form) through her
window [D641.1]. 4334 See Type 4338.
The envious sisters (stepmother) spy and discover the lover.
They put knives or broken glass around the window 1K2212.1, 4338 KingLindona.(Inc.,,:
5181]. The prince is wounded and does not visit any more. Cf. Type 430. This :,, .
The youngest daughter (disguises herself as a man [K1837] and) snake (worm, fro.{ , :
goes to look for her lover [H1385.5]. She overhears a conversation him by kissirrg or r ''
between birds (demonic beings, who meet in or under a tree) who because she lt ears r- - -.-
speak about where the prince is and how he can be cured by a medi- Types 433 and.13-.1 i -
cine [N452]. The womanprepares the medicine, finds her love4 and This tale erists c:- -
(1) A poor \^ion1.:.r- .
heals him. In payment, he gives her a present (ring, hair, shirt,
horse). or a frog as their ci-,. ,-
The prince recognizes his love. 01, back home, she summons him marry the daughte: -
by means of the feather (etc.). He comes but is angry because he which the snake acci -
believes that she had injured him, and she explains what really snake marries the p:.:-
happened. She shows him the second present (ring, shirt etc.) to handsome man (pril-.i.
prove that it was she who had cured him. They are reconciled (2) A childlesS rlr1r,
conception [T510]) glr :
lB642l.

I
 ('c1a'tro8erp 'a1eus) uos leturup uE ol Lprrq sa,u8 ([g191] uorldaruot
cr8eu ro [€I9J] qsr,u dlseq e g8norq+) uaanb ssalplrllr V (Z) palrfuoJal are '[rrLI ].r^:-
o1 ^aqJ
('r1a lrrqs'8urr) luasa.rd :,.
'(a:urrd) ueLu allrospueLI
€ olur suJnl at1 Surppa.u aLI] JaUe pue 'ssa:ur.rd aLIl sarrrEur a1eus ,i11ear 1et1,lr sureldxa aqs Li -.,.
aq1 '(8uq aql sualg8rrJ a>1eus aq1) saqsqduorre a>leus aq] LITTLI,I,I. all asneJaq ,(rBue sr Jnq sa!-- l
urrq suoururns /auroLl
aLIS .
's1se1 alqrssodur slas 8uq aq1 '8uq aql 1o ra1r13nep aqt drrelu lt'.--
ol slue,\\ aq dn s,r,ror8 leurrue aLI] uaqM '(pg.p rralIl sE 3o"r1 e .ro
a>1er-rs p ldope aldnor e) aluus e ol LIUrq sa,rr8 uetuo,r,r rood y (1)
'irrqs trEli '3urr) luasa-rd t ...-
:sruroJ luara]Jrp aalql ui slsrxa alpl srLII pue fa^ol raLI spur, 'aurtrpa'Lt. : -
'jf ('V€tt pue gg7 saddl
'IIl puu '09, 'Ltt'y97tr saddl ^lJarlil -IpaLu E ,iq parnr aq LrEf, aq r -.- - -
oLIM (aarl e Japun ro ur }aa.-. _
dlsnor,rar4) 'ur)s Jo sra,(e1 seq aq uplll sprlls arour sream aLIS asne)aq
ro '[I'gglq] paq slll Surreqs dq ro urq Sunerqr,ua ro Surssrl .,(q *t.l r.rollPSläAUoJ P cJPaqlJ \o ) -
sluer{f,uasrp aqg '(leturue raqlouu 'prczrl 'peo} ro 3or; 'uro.rt) aleus (pue [ZgSf »] ueur e se Jlasi.-. : -
'arour .,(uu lrsr,\ lorr :t :
e sarrrEl-u oLI^4. uEuroM a^erq e LiII.\\ sleap alel sr.lJ .697 addl .;3
'L'ZLZZ\I ,t,t.opurm aLIt plr:'. --.
('fggf pue ,Vtgtr ,gg7 sadil snor,tard aLI] Su1pnlrul) .tutopurT Eury g€€t
'ra^ol dLIl raloJsrp puu i,i-
'gEgtr addl aag V€€r
raq qBnorql (ru;ro; prtq Lrr ::...
'ggEy ad.t1 aag g€t alil sosn ralqSnep aLIJ ( fii\ -
u]\,rou)un uP LUoJJ lr surElll. I _
'*y77 addl aag +srrJ ]E raqle; aLIJ 'ltZZl) r--:
*Ztt 'raqlea,) luasard lpnsnun Li'., ..r -
'Z€f','oN'79613urre11 :dse8e1etr41 17997 r(ureqg-ll'266I alddrpl :asauepns 1f00a 'raqleJ rali sTSe sralsrs aall.: _
{ureqglE'tB'oN /696I )E^,\oN'Jf, :uerf,oroI4l 1tr6g7 iuretl5-1g :uerra8ly,ueqdiSl
1196I uasupH:uealrLIJ :tt'llg1il latle^aql/EuareurpJ :uErqurolo) 17661 esolega;
:trede141 ly**Zet oN 296I uasupH :uerrll opand 1Z96I uasueH :uuqn3 19761 aqo11 LrerrrJv ]sEE 17697 dureq5-lf : -:.
:uErrxaJAI 'Lref,uaruv-LISruedg 1(
dde) Il'Jltg6L azauaI / anrEIaC :uerpEueJ-qf,uar j ddel ll J]tebl azaurL ärr-
1096I slraqo5Tuosdruoql :ueTupT rrs /uprpul'ru€]srIed IZEF*'oN ,7961 qd1ozre11 :e1e§ 'uerqe;V IpnES 'uptnp:. - .
:ueruerl 17967 ,{uretlg-[g :a]rurlua tele§ 'uerqerv rpnES ,11n3 trers.ra4 1tr6ir; -<älpJ :t00Z .iLueq5-13 :uprL -
,{ueq5-19'tr92 oN '§!Sl >le,u.o§ ';r :rbery 1yg67 iururlg-[E ,ZI oN ,bg6l uLreeup\ 0€'oN'8€6I a)ag:rrenl . sr:-.:.:
,uer.rdg 19967 azprueuroprrx SrS :uerssnll 1If 'oN '9ghI r:..
/rMeLInr\ :Lrerurlsalpd 17997 itueqg-[A :asaueqa-I
:uer8roa3 1I X XNW :,isdi3 1266I ell)noqeg :qsr,ne{ 1Z0I .oN ,9961 ,relerog :LISrlod 1II 'oN'9961 surl-rrrg ,.-
.oN ,I g16I LTLIeH :>laarn '496I lllnls-ll^o{sog :Lr€r}EOr--\ :l
/ preqraqg :LISr,IrnI ISIIS :uurssn5 1866I rauqlnd / se8ap^q 2
jZ00Z p^aro)'449 :uerreSlng!'llLZ '7961 efuole;6:aua^ols ltgg .oN ,II ,90I 'oN ,I !6t'9n€'soN Ir'zg9'oN'll .-.1
'rI66I 9^o»redse3 :uerle,rols 1'J99t 'Zil ll6Z6L allrl :LIrazJ 11 >Nl,lt :uerre8ung l!6ftt'P ''ll99t'I 'JJ6Z6I ailri :,r :
1II 0002 aprdy :uerlpll 1Z€6I ,ra^aIAI :upurraD 1(Surruo:t11;o1) soBrpre3 ,g9; qureraD ^tJLgZ'9l6LapaBur7 .-
'oN'II't9'oN'I'Jr006I prra^rlo :asan8nlro4 1ggg7 1oln471orro :uelEtEJ 1II .ilg6Ol {j9I'oN ,lII966L raq}n/l\H\- - -
rarlE^aLIJ/euareure3 :qsruedg lt'Lt9O 'oN '266I lraqule{-neauanD /II .JJr96- :qsrlualC 1ZI oN'966I uas;-Lri-.-
azQuaI/onrelac :LpuarC 1t96I uasuu4sur,l]/ Lrrgqqealllls .Llluau 1€96I uasuerlsr"rll] ,'r-rr:. -: -- .
e .qsÄI!'ILZZ,IV.1016I jl6l aupar§/sfe;y
s88rrg:qsr11o)S:gZ'iZ 'soN AI'01 '6 soN'III'lrIggI uasuaisrr;,tlg .oN ,Il JJr!-ti :uer.t1e1 : ; - -
.
8r,r1punr3 :LISrueC 17961 aupog :uer8a,r,rro11 11961 treru8unr-I :rlsrpa,\,rs 19Z6I Sobt r.lt9u IlECI-t!:
pels8r,r§:qsrddel 1'llOOOt ali1aq;a;:uprLrenqlll !2,6Lauparylsfery:uer.qe-1 -raLIrS 1({Ermo{ruoJ I) 66E-lL.i
1Zl'oN'I'JlT6I_ LIEUII)EH:Llsrpa^rs-qsruulJ 19t'oN,I .J]ZB6I ppursnEu:LISiLrLil_l
'(3raqp1o3 ')tzEt 6I€I (2002) 0r htg 1866r rileu 1i9zr-692l '880IJ80r 'rzoL-6tot
'tI'962-t6Z'901-I0I '9t-t€,'1966I Jraqrs !€,tz-Lgl,'II dg :sluErrp^/arnlpralrl
' '0El r:
(169l) n afl nüe st O,j s,^ou I nV, p'aur{ osle aas
'(0gTI 'pr) -r.lr(N s,aruprC ap ärretrAi ur sreadde alpl aLII :s{rerua1
aq+ Jo Suruur8aq lrrrds) uetu p1o a{} o} purIlnl >.
'IIE plre '80I9 'V0I9 '0gt ,SgZt ,ygz, ,9zl:suorlpurqruoJ sleurrue aql qlIM lr areLIS Jor-r >.
6ga l8eyq yo sa1e1 ,82 lJi :Si f{C
260 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC 284

\vhom she keeps secret. When he gror'\rs L1p he rvants to marrti but Kuwaiti: El-Shamy 2004, No. 1l:
433C; Sri Lankan: Thompsor-r 1i
e\rer\/ \\roman lr,ho marries him is killed on her r,r,edding night.
+33C, cf. No. 433D; Korearr: Cr'
One courageolls young woman (a rnistreated stepdaughter) puts Ikeda 7971, Ir.a :.
.10ff.; Japanese:
on seven shirts one on top of the other (on the advice of a u'ise Delarue/Tendze 1964ff. II ta:'r-
woman, her dead mother). She challenges the snake to shed one of Hansen 1957, No.425**E; Pr,re:.
his skins every time sl-ie takes off one of her shirts. lVhen he is No. **447F; Peruvian, Chilear-r: C: :
completell' stripped, she u'hips him ar-rd then bathes him in milk Albän 2001, No. 30; Egyptia,r: l' --
1D766.11. She lies dor,r.r-r beside hirn and he turns ir-rto a handsome El-Shamy 200,1, Nos. 433, 1i: -.
voung rnan. (The skins are destroyed 1D721.3).) African, Sudanese: Klipple 1i- -
(3) A young \^'L)lnarl marries a snake n'ho gives her jer,r,eir,v and 3130; Namibian: Schmidt 19SJ .
turns j.nto a handsome ,voung man. The u,oman burns the snake skirr
and lir.es happi11. rvith her husband. 433C See Type 4338.
Another jealous \voman tells her father she too urants to marrv a
snake. She is left in a room alone r,r,ith such an animal, u,l-ro kil1s her. 434 The Stolen f ewelnl ::.
(Previouslv Type a33C. ) a prophecY, a Pritl, , r-
In some variants after the husband is disenchanted, the worran A prince in the iorrr'
is (slander:ed by a jealous \\roman ar-rd) banished. She disenchants a time takes somethir'.: ,,
prince (u,ho has been transformed into a bird) or a dead man, princess becomes l. . :
marries him, and gives birth to a son. Her first husband finds her 51. Shelearns ([ror' '
after a long search. She must choose betr'r,een the husbands and and discovers that 1- r -
decides to stav r,r,ith the first. becomes pregtlarlt I
a child. She learr- -
Combinations: 408, 425C, 510A, and 720. fills the requiremei- .:
Remarks: The earliest European versions are the r.erse nor.el1a AsinoritLs of ca. chanted. Cf. T,vpe --::
1lll0 (cf. Tvpe .130) and Straparola, Pincer.oli notti (11,1,) (cf. Tvpe 441).
Literature/Variants: Olrik 1904; Walclemarsohrr-Rooth 1942; Holbek 1987,457- Combinations: 400, 425D, a:r-'. -
19S; Scherf 1991; Lindou, 1993; EM 8 (1996) 160-165 (B. Holbek, J. Lindor,v); Scherf Literature/Variants: Köh1er I
7c)c)1 1,702-708, Ii, 1019-1027, ci. 1027-1025, 7025-1028, 7214-7216, 7227-1237; (forthcoming).
Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999, Nos. 4338, 433C. Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; I', :.,
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.1, No.47; Estonian: Aan-re 1918, No.433A; Livonian: Nos. 81, 722, 313, 314, Cardi: -- -
Loorits 1926, No. 433; Latvian: Aräjs/ Medne 1977, Nos. ,133A, .1338; Llthuanian: No. Appari leel, \6. ;-
13. '
Kerbell.te 1999ff.1, No.409A*; Wepsian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Sr,vedish: hard/Boratav 1953, No. 93 | '
Liungman 1961, No. 433,48; Norr.r'egian: Hodne 1984, No. 433,4; Danish: Brazilian: Cascudo 1955a, l':-:
Grundtvig 1B54ff. I, No. 216, II, No.314, Kristensen 1881ff. IV No. 11; Irish: Ö
Stiilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963, No.433; French: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff. II, No. 434* theDioer. (Cola I'e.:-
433; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995fI.II; Catalan: Oriol/Pujo1 2003; German: sea (and sometillla: .

Ranke 1955ff. II, No. 433; Austrian:Zingerle lZingerle 1916, 351ff., Haiding 1953,
king summons hr::- .-
No.3; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975, Nos. 433A,433C, Aprile 2000 II, No.433; Cor-
places under the -, .'
sican: Massignon 1963, No. 86; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Czech: cf. Ti1le
refuses to go to.-r p.:::
1929 ff . 11 2, 346f .; Slovakian: Polivka 7923ff . II1, 17 3ft., Ga§parikovä 199 1 t. I, ci.
Nos. 39, 313, II, No. 558; Slovene: Kelemina 1930,719; Serbian: KaradZi6 1937, No. cro\vn into the -e.'.
9, Djordjeviö/Mi1o§evi6-Djordjeviö 1988, No. ,16, Eschker 1992, No. .1; Buigarian: which he nevet tei-.:.
*433B*, In an Estonia r
BFP, No.4338, cf. No. Koceva 2002; Greek: Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999,
No. 4338*; Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratar, 1953, Nos. 101, 106 (1-7); jealous suitor tells l'.=:
Jer,r.ish: Haboucha 1992; Ossetian: Bjazvrov 1958, No. 71; Cheremis/Mari: Sabitov for the diver to retrr.
1989; Vogul /Mansi: Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974; Armenian: Gullakjarr 1990, No. into a duck and acc. :l
433; Uzbek: Keller/Rachimov 2001, No. 1; Mongolian: Lcjrincz 1979, Nos. 433, into his human forn-.
4338; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Svrian, Palestinian, Jordanian, Qatar,
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262 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284
FFC2B4

Remarks: First appears in the 12th century in a poem by the Provengal poet
Raimon Jordan. The form with the love story was popularizedby Friedrich 346; Slovakian: Polivka 1923ff. II
Schiller's b allad D er Tau cher. Slovenski gospodar bb ( I q32, I -
Literature/Variants: Ullrich 1884; Pitrö 1904; Heinisch 1981; Breymayer 1983f.; 197q, No. I7: Polish: Krzyzan,
Nedo 1956, No. 42; Russian, B-..
lärv 2002, 158-168; EM: Taucher (in prep.).
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Italian: Calvino 1956, No. 147. Boratav lq53,,tlI; Cypsl: \l\:
Rassool 1964,77ft.; Chine'e: .:
1979, Nos. 200,202; Japanese;
437 See Type 894.
lqb4ff. I1 (app.); US-Americ.rn:
5-48; African American: Burri:.
44O The Frog King Or lron Henry. A young princess (youngest of three Flowers 1953.
sisters) drops her golden ball into awelllC41.2l, and a frog[8277.
7.1] gives it back to her. (In some variants the frog helps her with 441 Hans My Hedgehog,
some other difficulty.) He makes her promise him that he may eat hasty wish or ä cl1lSc
from her plate, drink from her cup, and sleep in her bed [5215.1]. He becomes a sr,r,ine:
The animal comes for his reward and the king insists the princess his care. He gives cli:. -
do as she had promised. Angry, she throws the frog at the wall and king, one king three
he turns into a handsome prince [D789]. promised one of t1-rer:
In some variants the frog is disenchanted by means of a kiss, Riding on a roo:ttrr.
marriage, from being decapitated, etc. [D735.1, D743,D711]. of the princesses reir..
In the Grimms' version: When the prince takes the princess agrees to marry hir-t-r
-

home in his carriage, they meet his faithful servant Henry, whose the church, after th..
heart had broken when the prince was enchanted. The iron bands destroyed (the prir-rce..
that had held it together break from joy [F825]. head, etc.). The hed:.:
In some variants the bride has the iron bands on her heart, and some young man [D. i -
they break from pairy not from joy. After the disenchantment, both from jealousy and a -
partners may be put to a test. The princess searches all over the
world for her bridegroom, and he must identify his true bride. Cf. Remarks: The oldest completc ..
Types 31.3, 425A. Type 4338).
Literature/Variants: BP II, l3-i--
Combination s: 425, 4338. Scherf 1995 1, 176*121,353-356 : :
Remarks: First published in this form in the early 19th century. variants are found all Röth 1998.
over Europe, but many are obviously dependent on the Grimms'version. Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvi.::'.
Literature/Variants: BP I, 1-9;HDM2 (193440) 267-275 (M. Grunwald); Röhrich Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ii. I :
1979; Röhrich 1987;EM5 (1987) 4L0424 (L. Röhrich); Kotaka 1.992;Sutton1.993; German: Pröhle 1854, No. 13, \. -
Scherf 1995 I, 139-141, 336-361, II, 893f., 922f., 1,052-L054, 1.388f.; Dekker et al. II, No. 108; Ladinian: Decurtir,:
t997;Röth 1998; Hansen 2002, 145. Ti11e 1929ff. ll2,299ff .; Slovakr;.:-
Finnish: Rausmaa 1972, 221tf.; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1.917f. I, No. 73; 7958,94ff .,Bolltar 7974,101ff.; Cr, ..

Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Lithuaruan: Kerbelyte 1999ff . 1.962f.1; Gypsy:Mode 1983ff. III
I, No. 425C; Livonian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1.974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; 72;Yakut: cf. Ergis 1967, Nos, 1-:
Norwegian: Hodne 1984, l57f .; Danish: Kristensen 1881ff. III, No. 45, IV No. 83, Pakistani, Indian, Sri Lankan: T1.r;::
Holbe\ 1990, No. 12; Scottish: Baughman 1966, Briggs l9ZOf . A1,397ff., 443ff .; 1976, Nos.32,170;Japanese: cf I..
Irish: Ö Srlilleabhäin/Christiansenlgffi; English: nifgs 19ZOf. At, 2S8f., ZS9f.,
563f.; French: Seignolle 1946, No.9Z Delarue/Tenöze 1964fr.11;spantsh: Camarena/ 442 The Old Woman hr tii
Chevalier l995ff.II; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. II, No. 375, Cardigos (forth- F o rest). Robbers a tta. .
coming); Dutch: Sinninghe 1943; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; sun ives by hiding in ...
German: Ranke 1955ff. If Grimm KHM/Uther 1996I, No. 1, Bechstein/Uther
that unlock three trees -
1997 I, No. 36, Berger 2001, No. 440, cf . No. 440*; Ladinian: Decurtins 1996ff.II,
No. 94; Italian: Aprile 2000 [; Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tille 1929ff .I12,244- The dove tells her to g:
woman. She should r,r
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laod 1e5ua.r.or4 aqt ,(q tuaod : --
E9Z rr8etral yo sa1e1 ,82 l{C
r8z ftc
;t:
/-o+ Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FF(l 28.1

bring back a plain ring, leaving the shiny one there. he accuses her of t1','.
The girl does as the dove ordered, and does not let the old recognizes that t1-ic ,:
woman distract her. She stops the old woman from running away original form. \\'ith r-. :
with a bird cage, and finds the ring in the bird's beak. While waiting a mare and he beat. r- -
for the dove, the girl puts the ring on her finger [D1076]. Immedi- (2) An uniaitl',r.-.
ately a tree envelops her with its branches and turns into a hand- K15351, which herc. .
some young prince 1D437.21 who explains that he had been en- 3]. When he return.
chanted by the witch. Other trees turn into servants and horses. The He finds a magic r.
prince takes the girl to his kingdom, where they marry 1L162]. Cf. and her lover into .j -

Type 405.
Combinations: 313, 400, an ' -
Combination s: 4258, 7 07 . Remarks: Ver:iorr (l)i> tra...-
a folktale from Svria that h.r: --
Literature/Variants: BP III, 9f.; HDM 1(193013) 49f. (L. Mackensen); Scherf 1995
r,18-20. Caucasus. Its characteristic ic:. -:

Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; German: Grimm KHM/Uther 1996ll, transformation of the dog ir,i, .
No. 123; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f .l; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, No. 73;Yakrtt: cl. Literature/Variants: Charrr': .'
Ergis 1,967, Nos. 115, 179,181; French-Canadian: Lemieux1974ff. XI, No. 15. No.222, 198f. No.371, VII, 1l I .

1914; Basset 1924f1.I1,221 \i :

1963; Schwarzbaum 1968, 3l
,-
444* Enchanted Prince Disenchanted. (Inchtding the previous Types 432*,
II, No. 231; Scherf 1995 I, 421: r-'
444A*, 4448*, 444D*, and 444E*.) Miscellaneous type. A prince is Marzolph/Van Leeurt,en 2lrr. -: I .

transformed (by a supernatural being) into an animal (monkey, fis[ Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I ),.
dragon, bird, cat wild boa1, etc.). He is disenchanted by a woman Kerbelvte lqqqff. l; Lir oniarr :
who sympathizes with him or helps him (by performing a task, Christiansen 1963; French: D; ., -
obtaining a magic object, etc.). 253ff.; Cerman: cf. Pröh1e 1Sa: l.
MNK II, No.449, VIII, No. 1S.:- :
Literature/Variants: Öajkanoviö 1934, No. 16; Cr.,.::.,.
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1.977, No. *444F*; Danish: Berntsen 1,873f. Il, No. 2, Nos. 449, .4494; Polish: Krzr ;,...'
Grundtvig L876ff.lll,128ff.; Irish: Ö süilleabhäin/Christiansen1963, No.444D*; SLS; Turki*h: Eberhard B,
German: Kölm/Gutowskj1937,93ff.; Italian: Aprile 2000 II, No. 4444*; Polish: G,vpsy: Mode 1983ff. II, No. 9l
KrzyLanowskt 1962f .I, Nedo 1972, 170ff .; ]ewish: Haboucha '1.992, Nos. 444*, Ingush: Levin1.978, No. 10; -\':-.. '
**M4,**444F*; Abkhaz: 43; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Chr:. '
3akryl1975,No. 88; Filipino: Fansler 1921, No. 41,;Crtban:
Hansen 1952 No. **444; Argentine: Hansen L957,No. **446. 1989; Vogul/Mansi: Kecsker-.
74; Kurdish: Wentzel 1976, \.
444A* See Type 444*. Cullakjan lq90; Yakut: ct. f '- -
lq7q, No. 14c)A-: Ceorgia.: ( .

4448* SeeType444*. 2004, No. 1511;Palestinian, Ir.: --

Qatar, Yemenite: El-Shamr -
Thompsorr 'Roberts lqb0, J;r, '
444D* SeeType444*.
Mayan: Laughlin 1977,73ii. E-
Nos.44q, l5ll; Libyan: El-:L :
444E'* SeeType444*. Shamy 2004.

445* See Type 8138.

Brotir=:
449 Sidi Numan (previously The Tsar's Dog [Sidi Numan]). (Including
the previous Type 1898".) This tale exists chiefly in two different 450 Little Brother and Lit:
forms: away from their hom. -
(1) A man discovers that his wife eats corpses in the night. When orbecause lheirparc-
-ureM s,Jalsrs sRI alrds uI 'tuaql lEa o+ lue1vr EuaJed rrarü asneJaq Jo uaq1u1 'lq8ru aql ur sasdror .:.:
[tgS 'g'tgS] raqlorudals Iorur rraq] ]o asnecaq auroq 4aq] ruo;1 le,r,re
unr ralsrs aIUII pue raqlorq aD+I1 'tals?s aß1!7 puu D144otg 4fi1!7 09, luararJrp o^r] ur dgarqr st!:. :
3urpn1:u1; '\lualunN IplSi .' -
6gr-0gn ralsrs ro raqlorg
'1667 .iLu eq5
-[g :uer1euros 'uErsrunl lLlgL'6tt soN '1002 iuruqg-1E :r-redqrl III9I '6ffi 'soN
'p6g7 .{tueqg -It' 69L oN'696I Ie^\oN :uer1di33 :'ll€l' U6l urlq8nel :ueie1,1
lzg oN'1961 esourdsg :uelrraurv-qsrtredg 16961 uose{'096I suaqo5 /uosduoql
:uErpul 'ruelsr)pd 1pg61 qdlozrEJ4l :uuruprl 17667 ir"ueq5-1g :alruatual tele§
'uerqervrpnes IIIgI '6ff soN '1-667 .iureq5-1E :rber1 'uerurlsaledllIgI oN'f002
,{tueqg-1g :ueruepro{'uerr,(g 10002 azplue^oprn) :uer8roa3 !*y6lt oN '616I
z)urto-I ';c :uer1o8uo111 '{^rule) :BZI 'oN '1961 sßta 'Jl :}n1u 19661 ue[1e11n3
:ueruolurv l8Z '8 'soN '686L'Le ]a plrlE?C '9I 'oN '816I lazluaM :qsrprn) Ifl
'oN '896I ,ro;izefg :uprlasso 1tl6I uauouned/rt?luaTsra) :rsLrel,\/ InSon 16961 'sft^^ "\ _.
'tl6I uauouned/r]glua1sla) :ueI I/stlraraq) 1986I p,\aIIV :ea8,ipy :6tr :uPqn) jLt'oN '1261 ral.Lrr-l
^olrqes '*ütilsoN /266I Pr{lnoqPH -.-
'€z'soN'9761 1dr1eg 'p ''llzoz'6961eq4eBg:zeT{qv l0I oN'816I ur^a'I :qsn3u1
-uaLIraLIJ !*868I'6tt 'soN'I X »Ntr tr'gtl 'oN 'p1nI'26 'oN'II'IJ€86I apo1r1 :isd.,{3 :Llsrlod:"Ybfh oyllgou_ , ..'
!916I'996I uose{ :qsr-rta{ l(g) fOZ oN '€E6I :r{srlrnf 1SOS :.(fihy oN't96I uasuertsrru-) -. .
^Elerog/prellraqg
:uerureDIIf 'uerssnrola.,(g'uerssnN ll'rcqA r)srr\oupz,izr) :qsrlod 1V6fü_ '6FI?'soN 'z 'oN 'II 'J€l8I uaslurag :i.: .
'4gg :uerre8lng 19, oN '€96I lltnls-ll-\o1sog :uprlpor3 191 'oN 'tr661 rr,rouelfe3
'Jf, :uErqras :gZgt 'tgOt g,ro>gredqe3 :ueDle^ols 1.8681 'oN 'IIIL'6tt 'oN 'II XN14l
:uerre8unll 1g€'oN /166I ralsnLIlS/loo)'g€'oN /€ggI aplard'Jr:Lrplura3 1'JJggZ
'9761 1r.a.JaprM :LISrual{ l\l'ilIrg,L azaLral/anrplaC :qlLrarC 1€96I uasuPrlsur{J ')sP] P Sururo;rad rL.- -.
^q)
ueuJom e dq palueqruasrp
/urgLlqeallrls O :r{srrI 1fl6I uauouned/r}9LUa>1sra) :uErLro^1'I lI'il666L a1,(1aqra;E >. r -
:ur?ruEnqt]T :ll6L aupaw/sfprv :uEr^]E'I 18i 'oN ',I'IJZ86L PELusnEu :r{sruurc 'L1s11 ,{a>1uoru) Ipurrup Lrp ()r*. :
-
'(Surtuorqlro;) uetung lpls :r [A l9gl'߀ 'l 'soN 'tr002 uamnaal uen/qd1ozrery
sr arurrd y 'adfi snoaupllar>
:gV6hT.oN ,866I Li}au 1.J9ItI ,II,6LL_ILI,T€16ZT,.J€lT,1966I JJaLIJS lITZ .ON ,II
'*7gy sad,{1 snornard aql 6r. :'
7661 qd1ozre61 11961 3ur1 !8lI-69I" /q696I >lalgro1g-:tt.'896l runeezr€u.r{)S:€96I
rlropuexntl lOgOt .{8pC :ef n'gtOt uosropuv 16 'oN IZZ 'il'lJtZ6L tasspg 1lI6I
'9I 'oN 'IX',lltl'l xnarlua- - .
uosrapuv 16- t'III cl1 10lI 'oN lIgI 'IIIA '86€ 'oN 'gtl 'I1n 'IlE 'oN '186I 'ZZZ 'oN
'JJgc_'602
'oN'Jffi',6I oN'IZZ'IL ''JgI€ JJZ68I rrrr\npll]:slupue^/arnlpralrl l) :ln)p 1tl oN 'gE61 .roL iz:
'prrq p ollrr 8op aq+ Jo Lrorleurro;sueJ] 'II966I ratltn/hlH) rur-uul --,
^
aq] pue Sur1ea-asdror aq+ Jo allrasq€ aql arp sarnlpal f,rlsr.ralJe.rellf, sll snsef,nEJ
aLI] pLrE /sup1leg aql 'adorng uralspa o1 pea.rds sBLI lpLI] pr.r^S ruorl alel)loJ e 966IJraLIrS1(uasuaTelAl -I) ,:; ,
aq o1 lq8noq+ sr (7) uorsran srq;lN Ltüttlu)V aLI+ o+ pa)€rl sr (1) uors.ran :s{reruag
'v266 pue'00t'€I€ :suorleurqruoJ
'[g'ZSSO] s,ialuop otur räÄol raL[ pue 'JJ'[Z9l-l) d;r.retu daq] a;ar-i,, .-
aJr,r,\ srll sa8uetp pue 'ure8e uELu p saluo)aq'pue,lr rr8etu u splrrJ aH aqJ 'sasrol{ pue s}ue^Jas oll:. -.-
'[S'tStO] prrq p o]Lrr Lunl surn] atls 'a;r,n srq o] surnlar aq uaq14 '[g -ua uarq pPq aq lPql surP .:
'289A] dqeq s,8uq aLIl sanrsar oslE pue daaqs spraq LITILI^I '[SESt» -pueq e olur surnl puP sar{rl..--,
'[ttC] 8op e olur puEqsnr-l raLI surn] aJr,u. InJt{}luyun uy (7) -Iparrrlrrl '[S/.OtCl] raBurl:ar-1 -.
'(qteap ot) raLI sleaq aq pue arelu e 8uqre,r,r alrqg
'>ieaq s,prrq rlr- -
olur alr^4. srll urnl ol alqe sr pu€qsnq aql dlaq.raLI LIIIM 'u.ro1 leur8uo de.rte SuruunJ uroJ; ueruo-\r i
srLIol urLI surnlar puu LTELunLI e ,(11ear sr 8op aLI] ]Er{} sazru8orar plo aLIl lal tou saop puP 'L1r::
'a.raql auo iu.. -
ssaralros raqlouv'8op u olur urrll slrrnl aLIS /srLIl Jo raLI sasnJre aLI
E9Z :r8el.rq 1o sa1e1 tSz fJi ü82 ){{
w
266 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

ing, the brother ddnks from a spring or an animal's track [D555] and Shamy 2004; Ghanaian: Schott l
is transformed into a deer [D114.1.1] (lamb [D1351, goat). The Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004.
children live together in the forest until a prince finds them [P253.2,
N711.1]. The sister hides up in a tree but the prince tricks her into 457 TheMaidenWho Seek
coming down. She marries the prince and they take the animal 451A and 451..)A girl r
brother with them. [P253.0.5, P257.6.7, Z;7
The prince is absent when their child is born. The sister is re- (birds) 1P253.2). This t
placed by another bride [K1911, K1911.1.2), often the daughter of a they are often mixed rr
bad woman (stepmother, witctu maid). The sister is thrown into the (1) A stepmother tr
water 151.42), transformed into a bird [D150] (fish [D170]), or swal- (ravens [D151.5]). The
lowed by a fish [K1911 .2.2.7]. She returns at night to suckle her child how to release them: Sl
[8323.1,.1,, D688] and to look after her brother. A servant overhears
has to make shirts out
the conversation between the animal brother and the sister and A king finds the vr
informs the prince [H13]. The false bride and her mother are [N711]. In his absence s

punished. Cf. Type 403. it away and accuses her

In some variants the false bride and her mother want to kill the an animal). The young
animal brother because they fear that the truth will be discovered. even though she is to l
The cook saves him. her period of silence en
thing is explained;rnd
Combination s: 313, 327 A, 403, 451, 480, and 7 09. In some variants th
Remarks: Elements are documented in Latin verse by the Polish poet C. Kobylienski plete (he keeps a u"ingl
in 1588. was taken away (did n
Literature/Variants: BP I,79-96, III, 137; HDM 1 (1930-33) 308; Krzy2anowski (2)A girl finds her t'
1959;EM2 (1979)919-925 (I. Köhler); Vedernikova 1980; Schneider 1.990,154-156; them. They te11 her to i
Scherf 1995 l, 128-132, lI, 7731., 902f., 908-912, 946-949, 978-980, 1071-1073, 1101-
be careful of the demor
1105,1149-1152; Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999, No. 450 IV VI.
divide her food with th
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.1,484f.; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian:Loorits 1926;
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne |977;Llthuaruan: Kerbelytd 1999ff.1; KareliarL Syrjanian: the neighbor for help.
Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Sw edish: Liungman 1 96 1 ; Norwe gian: Hodne 1 984; When the brothers di-cc
Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1,963; French: Delarue/iendze 1.964ff. II; (herbs) from the grar-e
Spanish: Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff . Il, Gonzälez Sanz 1996; Catalan: Oriol / are changed into oxen t,
Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f1.I, No. 282, Cardigos (forthcoming), Nos. is less important.
450,707*; German: Ranke 1955ff. II; Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 11, cf. II, No. (3)Amother (father
1|l;ltalian: Cirese/Serafiru1975, Appari1992, No. 12, Aprile 2000 II; Hungarian: to eat. They are transior
MNK II; Czech: Tllle 1929ff .l, 106ff .; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1991,f . I, No. 94, II, them and asks for direr
No. 478; Rumanian: Schullerus l928;Btlgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek: Hahn She finds her brothers
1918 I, No. 1, Loukatos 1957, 941f., Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999; Polish:
them she needs a little'
Kr zy 2anow skt L9 62f . I; Russiary Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eber-
releases her brothers ar
hard/Boratav 1953, No. 168; |ewish: Noy 1963a No. 39, Haboucha 1992; Ossetian:
Bjazyrov 1958, No. 75; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Armenian: In some varialts the
Gullakjan 1990; Turkmen: Reichl 1982, 71ff.; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Some variants start
Palestinian: Patai7998, No. 23, EI-Shamy 2004;Syrian, Jordaniary Omary Qataq, the brothers if a daught
Kuwaiti, Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004;hanian: Marzolph 1984; Indian: Jason 1989; to inform the boys attt
Nepalese: Kretschmar 1985; Japanese: Ikeda 1971, No. 4034; French-Canadian: sign is sent [N344.1], v
Delarue / Tenöze 1964f1. II; US-American: Baughm an 1966; Mexican: Robe 1973;
Dominican: Flowers 1953; Puerto Rican: Hansen 1957; Chilean: Hansen 1952 No. Combination s: 403, 408, 450, 706
**452A, Pino-Saavedra1964,
No.37; West Indies: Flowers 1953;Egypnan,Libyan, Remarks: Early version see Johal
Algeriary Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; Tunisian: cf. Nowak 1969, No. 138, El- Literature/Variants: Chauvin 16i
427 -434, II, 5601. ; Wesselski 1 925,
rTsr\r.ouez,izr)!lr6L tsr,\blleI !'ltgZ'gtt-ttL'9z6l r{slassar!\ 1J09g 'II 't€.t-lzt
'hEZ-lZZ'91-01'I dg lgtz oN 'JJ90Z 'III^ ']]Z6gl rrI^nEl{-) :s}uEuE^/arnlEralr1 -If, '8€I oN '696I )e^\o\ -
'(Z 'oN) sotpudopq /€^lrs pllv ap sar-rueqo{ aas uorsra.\ ,i1.reg :sryeuay 'ue.,(qr1 'ueqd.{8g jtg6l sr.r .' - -
'601 plre 'l0l '901 '09r 'g0r '€0, :suorlpurqluo] 'oN'196l uasueH :uealrql :_-.-
1€16I aqou :uPlrxatrAl 19961 -::....
'lt'ZIZS) aruoq a^eal sraqlorq aq1 os '[1'779N] ]uas sr u8rs :uerpeu€J-r-l)uarC 1ve0l r.\ _
Suoraa. aqt lnq '[gegl] u8rs e dq q]4q aq] rage sdoq ar{} ruro}ur ol :bg6l uosP[ :uPrpul lfgh I r:-:
sarr+ aqs 'lZlZS)uroq sr (;aglorq a;ror.u auo) ralq8nep E Jr sraqlorq aql 'rPlPö'UPLUO'uprupprol. -
10002 rzpruP^oprn) :upr: :
a)rJrJ)es o] Jaqloru ar{l Jo asrurord aq+ qtlrvr uels s+uerre^ auros
'smo]loI JapuEIS pue a8er.rreru tplzrr aposrda aq+ s+uerJe^ aruos uI :uPruarurv 17161 uauount l . .
.
'aruor{ >1ceq oB daql pue srerporq raq sasealar :uErlasso 1266I EllrnoqelJ '[;
-laqE :r-lsrTrnJ 15n5 :uerlrr:-.... -
aqs'(pr4m aqt urorJ dlaq sla8) da1 e se auoq allll e spaau aqs tuaql :qsrlod 1666I no)snorg s,-' :- ,
rpear oJ '(acepd sse13; urelunoru sse13 e uo sraqlorq raq spurl aqs ur{EH :TaarD 12002 e^a)o\ jr:
'lZtZt1.1] srels pue 'uoour'uns aLIl urory suo4)arrp roJ s>lse pue uraql 'll 'to'oN 'l 'J t66 I e,ro.1r.r,'.'-
roJ s>laas ra+srs aqJ'(suems) sua^Er o+ur pawroJslrerl are daql 1ea o1 :uerreStrnpl 1il 0002 airrdl -
;
q8noua 1ou sr ararü asne)aq suos raq sasrnJ (raq+e;) raqlotu y (g) 'oN'II'Jr'II /I
'oN 966I raLI -
'luetrrodr.ur ssal sr 'sol11 '(SunuorLIUoJ) so8r;.1;- -,
+uaurluerlruasrp yo aposrda ag1 '(sprrq'daaqs) uaxo olur pa8ueqr are /louo :uuletE) :966L zrrp( i :
daq+ pue ruaq+ +ea srarüorq ra11 'a.r8o aql yo aaer8 aq] luorJ (sqrar{) :l-I'lJn96L azQuaJ/anrEIaC _ .
1fB6I aupoH :uer3a.rtlo5 rI.:- -. ,
sramog sa>1e1 yr8 aqJ lulq ilH daql'srgl laaorsrp sraqlorq aq+ uaqM
'poolq raq ärns o1 dlrep8a;r sauror a.r8o aq+ 'dyaq ro; roqq8rau aq] :ueruc[.r,{5'uprlarp> :l ]r,..,.
!926I s)trooa :ueruo^r.I tSIr . . - -
srlse 143 arll rauv'arrJ aLD +no slnd 1r os ,+ec aq+ qll1\{ poo} raq apr^rp 'I.\ -\1 :=
o1 stra8ro; ar{s aJuO '(.{tll^ 'ar8o) ;oqq8rau f,ruouap aql Jo Iryare) aq
pue /arrJ aq+ qrtem'(3op) lec ar{} Jo arer a)E} o} raq 11at daql 'uraql
-l0lt'gl0l-ll0t '080-8-o 1:'-- -
:99L-i9I /066t raPraullls 1Lt(r- .
ro1 asnoq sdaa) pue aceld alourar e ur sraqlorq rarl spur.y 1"rr8 y (7) rls,ltouezdzr» 180€ (te-p€,r , ,
'(+4qs srq qsrur; dlepldruor lou prp) de-t,re ua)e] spm
plrqr raq uaqm real e parrr ralsrs aq] asnecaq (8ural e sdaa>1 aq) apld rlsuarl^qo) ':l taod qstloJ )LL:
-ruoJ lou sr Jaqlorq auo Jo luauluer{Juasrp arü sluerJe^ aluos uI
'paqsrund sr Mel-ur-raqlour aq+ pue paureldxa sr Surq+
-draag 'palueqruasrp are srarporq raq pue spua arualrs Jo por.radlaq
a.rdd p.raun; agl ol de,r.r rar{ uO 'pa+n)axa aq o} sr aqs q8noq} uaaa 'para^orsrp aq III^^. rllnrl aL.I I.,
'sraqlorq raq Jo esneraq ]uaIS sureruar uaanb Sunod aq1 '(purrue ue aw IIH ol lue^\ raLIloLU lal. :...
auroq 8ur,r.eg) l;;Sttz>]ppqc ar1+ 8u+ea Io raq sasnr)e pu€ dea,r.e 1r
salel lltel-ur-rarpolu raq lnq 'pp{c e sreaq aqs e)uasqe sH uI '[IIIN] aJe Jalllour JaL[ pue apl]r ::
rar{ sarrreur pue lsaro} ar{} ur ueluo.ta. Sunod aql spug 8uH V pue JalsIS aLIl pue talllol,:. i --
'[t'tSt1] srarüorq aq+ ro] sserS-uo11or Jo ]no s]rrqs a)etu o] seq SJEaLIJa^O ]ueAJaS V 'JaLIlrr:i -:
pup [8glCI] s.read auros roJ +ualrs aq o+ seq aqs :urar{} asealar o} ,l,rorl pp.lr raq al>lrns o1 lq8ru lp : --- '-
+no spurl pue srar{}orq rar{ roJ sTool ra}srs aqJ '([g'I9IA] sua.r.e;r) -[PMc .ro 't[oz to] qstJ ) l0: I a
aLIl olq u^4.orll] sr ralsrs all - .-
[f 'tStA] su€lvrs olur suosdals rar{ surroJsuer} rarüourdals y (1)
:raqlo qJea qlr,ra. paxnu uego a.re dar1l e;o ralq8nep aq] uaryo '[. i . ,
lnq surro, ]uaralJrp aarq+ q dgargc slsrxa alel sryr '[z'€gzcl] (sp+q) -ar sr Jalsrs aLII'uroq sr plr-.- -
slelurue olut paurroJsuer] uoaq peq oqm j'gtlZ,L'9.Igzd,g.0.tgzd]
sraqlo.rq (xrs 'aarql'uazres) aa1aa4 rar{ sanrsar IrIS V ('*Ig7 pue VI9T Ieurue aLI] alel daq] pue i: -.
sadd; snorrra,rd aqt SurpnpüI) 's.olfiotg hH s4aas oW\Auapxog aql olur raLI s1cr.r1 arurrd aql
lr.r r.
19ü
'Z'€,gZrL) uraql spuq acurrd u '.- -.
'1,967 {ueqg-lE :asauepns aqg '(+eo8 '[EerO] qLuPI) :.
17661 alddrly 'Jf, :uErrrJV +seg 1'llitI 'l'JE66l ]toLIf,S :uerplreqO 1t002 drueq5 pue [gggq] >lrerl s,luurrlrp uL' .r
t9z rr8eyq;o sa1e1 n8z lcc tSz lJc
k
268 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28,+
FFC 284

1965,374f.;Lnthit969a,39-55; Scherf 1,9951, L97-20L,L 1077-1081, 1088f., 1091-

1,096, 11,56-11,59, 1427-1431, 1465-1470, 1472*1477; EM 8 (1996) 1354-1,366 (C.
the queen. The dor. :
Shojaei Kawan); Dekker et al. 1997, 238-242; Röth 1998; Schmidt 1,999; Shojaei dener, who has hea:-:
Kawan 2004,224-230. head and it regair-rs :' .
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982f1.1, No.50; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I, No. 83; burned to death. C; -
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977,Nos.451.,45LA; Lithuanian:
Kerbelytö 1999ff.1, Nos. 451,4514; Lappish: Qvigstad L925;Livonian, Karelian: Combinations: 408.
Kecskemdti / Paunonen 197 4; Sw edish: Liungman 1 961; Norwegian: Hodne 1 984; Literature/Variants:
Danish: Andersen/Perlet 'L996 I, No. 10; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Spanish: Jim6nez Romero et :- -.
Sveinsson 1929; Scottish: McKay 1940, No. 22;hish: O Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen Portuguese: Braga 1987 I, .---
1953; French: Delarue/Tendze1,964ff .II; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff .II, Lebanese: Nowak 1969, No. 1:: :
Nos. 451, 4518, Gonzälez Sanz 1996; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Rican: Hansen1957, No. -*lrl:
Oliveira 1900ff. I,No.267, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a" Kooi/
Schuster 1994, No. 7b; Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: Meyer 1932, Tomkowiak 452C* See Type 511.
1993,247, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, Nos. 9,25,49; Arslrian: Haiding 1959, No.
175; Swiss: Sutermeister 1869, No. 7;Ladirian: Decurtins l896tf.Il, No. 64; Italian: 459 The Make-BelisTts §i:,1
Cirese/Serafini1975, Nos. 451, 451*, Aprile 2000 II; Corsican: Ortoli 1883, 31ff.; because she is child,r.
Sardinian: Aprile 2000 II; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Hungarian: MNK II;
this queen has borr, ... .
Czech: Tille 1929 ff. lI 2, 45f1. ; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1991.f . I, Nos. 1 1 0, 243, 286,
296,II, Nos. 350, 380, 409,523,559; Slovene: Flere 1931, 67ff.; Serbian: Eschker see it. The queen i- r :

1992, No. 23; Rumanian: Schullerus L928;Bulgafian: BFR Koceva 2002; Greek: After some \ ec.r: .

Megas 1,956f .lI, Nos. 16, 17, Angelopoulos/Brouskou1999; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, The maidseruo,,t n-... --
No. 43; Polish : Kr zy ianow ski 19 62f . I; Russiary Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; sedan-chair. A gocl ';-,.
Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos.165,166;levish: Haboucha 1992;Cheremisl the animal into a l-rar: ,

Mari: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; Georgian: onciled with the que . -

Kurdovanidze 2000, Nos. 451, 4518*;Syrian, jordaniary Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; In some variant: : -
Palestiniary Qatar: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 451,4514; Iranian: Marzolph 1984, No. young woman and i'..
*451; Indiaru
Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov him to marry the da..:
1976, No. t9|Korean: cf. Choi 1979, No. 1;]apanese: Ikeda197L,Inadaf Ozawa
1977ff.; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 1964tf.II; US-American: Baughman Literature/Variants:
1966; Spanish-American, Mexican: Robe 1973; Dominican, Puerto Rican: Hansen Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004; Ir..r:- ..
L957; Guatemalan, Argentine: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. II; West Indies: 1960, Jason 1989.
Flowers 1953;Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 45L,451.A; Libyan: Nowak 1969,
No. 139, El-Shamy 2004, No. 4514; Tunisian: EI-Shamy 2004 No. 4514; Algerian:
cf. Nowak 1969, No. 163, El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 451,4514; Moroccan: Kossmann
2000, 1L0ff ., El-Shamy 200{ Nos. 451,451A; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 451, SUPERN,\-
4514.
460A The fourneq to God tF
451A See Type 451. Receio e Rew ar d), t h'. : -
A beggar wantr r
45L* See Type 451. that God returns aln.,. :
does not happen to h .:
4528* The Sisters as Oxen. A witch and her daughter are iealous of three On his journer t.
beautiful orphan girls who are in the king's favor. The witch puts mals and objects thai ..
magic powder in the girls' soup and the two elder girls eat it and are ask God [H1291]: e.g ,
transformed into oxen. The king asks the youngest girl to marry him eating (answer: he ha.
and she accepts on condition that the oxen are cared for in the king's is so dry (answer: a r:.
palace. The witch visits the palace and sticks two pins in the queen's asks why he cannot er-
head, so she becomes a dove. The witch's daughter pretends to be queen and she shouid ::
daql dqaa 1se uaurom. Sunod aruos (7) (d"ueur pForIS aqs pue uaanb aq o+ spualard ralq8nep -., ,-.;.
E sI ar{s :ra.r,r.sue) .reaa. dq uropBurrl srq a8.re1ua louupJ aq Äq.tr »1se s,uaanb ar{} uI suld o-tt} sl)r: : -
3u»1 e (g) '(s1oo.r ar{l rapun paTrnq sr ernsear} e :raarsue) dlp os sr s,8ury aql ug roJ parel are Lrr\. :
lI dq.tr DISe aarl e (7) '(uos.rad pldnfs e lea ol ser{ aq:raaa.sue) 8ur1ea uurq ,{.r-reu o1 1.rrB lsa8unc - .
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ppoqs aq q)n{,nvr. suoqsanb (aarq}) run{ s>lse }eqt spafqo pue sler'u slncl q:1r,tr aql'ro^PJ..3r..: '
-rue 'uatu slaaur oraq aql (uns 'aunpoy) poD o+ deu.rno[ s1r{ uO aarql Jo snoleaf a.re ralr-1Fr' : .
'poD o+ ureldruoc ol sao8 aq os 'urru o1 uaddeq lou saop
sHI '[I'g'2921{] sauru puesnoq+ e dezrte uaar8 srule sumlar poD }eql
prcaq ser{ ueur e '16 'rood os sr aq dg.u ,vrouT o+ slueaa..re88aqy
('*VZO1 pue-ylg7 sadd; snornard aql Surpnplul)'(prumaü aa?acaü
ot po, o7
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eMezof epeLrl'116I EpaII:a.:--. -
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a)ur^uo) ,,s1uated,, JaH 'Jaq drreru ol s+ueu. aq pue ueruom Sunod 'oN '186I qdloz.repnq :u€ruErl L -:
e sr 1r Strpprrql flop e q]IM alol ur sge; arurrd E sluerrel aruos uI 17697 drueq5-ig :rbe.r1'ueru: :' -
.uaanb aql qlIM palouo :uer8roa3 16661 ue[1e11n1 -..
-ca.r sr 3ur» aql '(ueuroaa. Sunod) qlnod auospu€r{ p olur prurue aq} /sruaraLI] lZ66I eq)noqEH:.!r:. :
surnl ro a8erur aq+ saIJI^I^ pue ueanb aql sarlrd po8 y'rreqc-uepas
e ur Ieurrue ue slnd ro glnod e;o a8eurr uE sa)eru luelJaspruru ar{J '996I opaN :uerqros 16661 r.r,.. -:-
' :>laarD 12002 E^a)o) '4gg :r-:,: -..-
,,pllLp ,, sfl{ ro} a8errletu e se8ue.rre 3up1 aqt sread aruos .ra1;y
'poo1 pue asnor{ e qlrzvr. parlddns sr uaanb aql '}r aas ra1r{)sg :uelqras :'Jllg'Lf6- ..,.
,982,€NZ,OII 'SON /I'JI66I .' - :
o+ pamolle lou sr 3rrr1 aq+ +nq (.ralq8nep) uos e uroq seq uaanb srq+
:lt)NI,,{ :uer.re8ung lglol ...
+eq+ 8uq ar{+ sruroJur }uelraspreur e ra}e'I 'ssalppqr sr ar{s asne)aq i'llf S'EgSt rloyo :uef,rsrol -_
alIM tsrl1 srr{ }no s}sec 8ur» y'lnqqBnaq\ uos aaalpg-a1ory aqt 69n :uurlu+I 1r9 'oN'II 'lJ968I slrrtir--i
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ogancl lel6l aqo5 :uerrxotrAl'uecr;aury-qsruedg 1gg1 'oN'696I >le,vroN:asaueqa.I 'll'11966l"rarTE^aLIJ/EuarpLrrL'- .
19961 uosef :qsr.na{ 1(Surruocq}ro;) so8rpreS 'VhI 'I lg6l e8erg :asan8ntrro4 uasuerlsur{J/urgqqeallr4s O -. -
186 'oN tlT66le):u:one.I Euarerup3 'EZ 'oN '066I'Ie la orauro1 zaugrur{ :qsruedg :lrpuPlarl :r8b I upLU,{N :)- l
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:LrPruEnLItI.I lvlgi'Lgt so\ __
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are .relq8nep raq pue qJ+r^{ aqJ 'ruro} uerum{ sureBar }r pue peaq
s+r urorl surd aql salourar 3up1 aqt Teads lr prear{ seq oqm ,rauap raefoqg 1666I ]prtuLIrg 19661 r,,: _
-rc? e Aqlq8nec sr pue acepd aql ol sauor a^op aqJ 'uaanb aql
'l) 99€I-r9€t O66L) B r rs :--
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iSz lcc
H
270 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

are not married (answer: they throw the dirt into the sun), (5) a fish 4608 The lourney in Senrc,'"
asks why he is alone in a river (answer: he should drown or devour 9478* and947C".tT....
somebody) (6) a river wants to know why there is no life in it one of them does t1-,e
(answer: it should drown somebody). he can run his parr .-

God answers the questions and on the homeward journey the a while he r,r.onder. '
traveler passes on the answers and is rewarded[H1292). cessful. He goes tc. :l- -'
In some variants the traveler disclaims the rewards because God he meets things a-.: -'

promised him wealth when he comes home. The wolf eats him up ises to ask Fortun.
because the traveler is the most stupid person it ever met. When he arrir. - .

unlucky day. He see . :

Combination s: 461., 17 35. When her ser\ ant: . -

Remarks: 460,4. and 4608 are not clearly differentiated. she orders that ti-re., .l
Literature/Variants: Aarne19L6,122-180;8P1,292f.; Scherf 1995 I,370-372,II, 127.0. l]. On th.
[N .
1091-1096,1398-L40L; Röth 1998, 80; EM 11,,2 (2004) 51.4-s21. (S. Schott).
tions of the thing- ' .
Estonian: cf. Loorits 1959, No. 151; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff .I; Livoniarl
Sometimes he r- .,:
Wepsian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4 ; L appish: Kecskem6 ti I P aunonen L97 4,
No.461A, Bartens 2003, No.27; Swedish: Liungman 1961,1L01f.; Icelandic: Schier luck. Later he gir'. - -
1983, No. 10; Portuguese: Soromenho/Soromenho 1984f .II, No. 705, Cardigos of the farm an untr'.:-
(forthcoming); Flemish: cf. Meyer 1968, No. 702A*,Lox1999a, No. 31; German:
Birlinger 1,871, 261,ff ., cf. Jahn 1889, No. 54; Austrian: Zingerle 1870, No. 40; Combinations: 4604.
Ladinian: Uffer 1973, No. 55; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975; Sardinian: Cirese/ Remarks: 460A and 4608 are r
Serafini; Hungarian: Sklarek 1901, No. 2; Slovakian: Polivka 1923ft.III, 1,11.,20, Literature/Variants: Aarne i; -

GaSpar(kovä L99Ll.II, No. 524; Serbian: Djordjeviö/MiloSeviö-Djordjeviö 1988, (2004) 514-521 (S. Schott)
No. 89; Bosnian: Popvasileva 1983,L6,28f., 2;Macedonian: Öepenkov/Penu§liski Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. L \
19891I1, No.303; Rumanian: Schullerus l929;Bulgarian: BFP, Nos.4608, *460D, Aräjs/Medne lq77; Lithua r .,:' :

*46LA*, cf. Nos. *460C,*461*; Albanian: Mazon 1936, 2003, No. 27; Swedish: Liungr-.: "
No. 7'1, cf .Lambertz1.952,
138ff., Camaj/Schier-Oberdorffer 1974, No. 35; Greek: Loukatos '1.957,2201f., 1963, Nos. 4608, 9478*; Frenc:'
Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999, No. 460A, cf. No. *4608; Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: 1\96ff .II, No. 7; Italian: Cire..
Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 126, 127;lewish:Jason 1965, No. 460*C, Jason1975, Pani6-Surep 1964, No. 29, Escl-...- -
No.460*C, ]ason 1988a, Nos. 4604, 460*C, Haboucha 1992, No. 4614; Dagestan: No. 38; Bosnian: Dizdar 19jr - -
Chalilov 1965, No. 83, Levin 1978, No. 8; Adygea: A1ieva 1986; Chuvash, Votyak: Öepenkov/Penu§liski 19E!r II l

Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974, No.4614; Kurdish: Mann 1909, No. 12,Wentzel 776f1., 425f .; Albanian: Laml.e:.
1978, No.30;Armenian: Hermann/Schwind 1951.,127f1., Hoogasian-Vil7a1966, 41; Bulgarian: BFP, No. 9178- :: '

No. 25; Yakut: Ergis 1,967 , No. 192, cf. Nos. 139, 2L0; Türkmen: Stebleva 1969, No. No. 35, Daw-kins 1953, No. . " ..
q47B-, Angelopoulos/ BroLr -
39; Tadzhik: Amonov 1961, 212ff .; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000, No. 4608; -

Mingril: Bleichsteiner 1919,182ff.; Syrian: E1-Shamy 2004;haqi: Nowak 1969, No. Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrair'..,. -
427,El-Shamy 2004, No. 461A; Saudi Arabian: El-Shamy 2004;kanian: Marzolph Jewish: Jason 1965, 1975, No . --:
1984, No. *46L; Atghan: Levin 1986, No. 23; Pakistani: Schimmel 1980, No. 1; 947C*; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 19rS '..
Indian: Tauscher 1959, No. 47, Thompson/Roberts 1960, No. 461A,1ason1989, lqb5, I3ff.; Kurdi:h: Dru2i'
No. 4614" Blackburn 2001, No. 84; Nepalese: Sakya / Griffith 1980, 1021f.; Chinese: Mongolian: Michajlov 1962, :
Ting 1978, No. 4614, Bäcker 1988, Nos. 5, 10; Korean: cf. Choi 1979, No. 242; Lebanese. lale*tinian, Iraq':
Viebramese: Karow 1972, Nos. 9, 1.5, 60, cf. No. 62; Indonesian: Vries 1925f. I, No. Pakistani, Indian: Thompsorr
55,I1, 406 No. 166, Kratz 1,978, No. 9; Japanese: Ikeda 1971, No. 4608,lnada I 62; Argentine: Hansen 7957; E:
Ozawa1,977ff ., No. 4614; Spanish-American: TFSP 32(1964) 33-37; Nicaraguan:
cf. Karlinger lPögl1.983, No. 60; Argentine: Hansen 1957;Egyprian: El-Shamy 461, Three Hairs from tltt )
2004, Nos. 460A,461A; Algerian: Frobenius 1921tf .I, No. 53, El-Shamy 2004, Nos. marry the daughter c:
460A, 46lA; Moroccan: Dermenghem 1945, 95f1., Laoust 1949, No. 126, Topper of the 1'oung man br .
1986, No. 55, El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 460A, 461A; East African: Meinhof 1991, No. three hairs of the der .
9; Sudanese: cf. El-Shamy 1999, No. 42, El-Shamy 2004, No. 4614; Central and animals ask the '
African: Lambrecht 1962 No. 4175;Malagasy: Hambruch1922, No.30.
 '0t'oN'ZZ6I qr,rr.i.,r,,: -
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raumo aq+ +noqe urn{ pe)se peq oqm auoaluos sa.Lr8 aq ra}e-I '>1onl
'7761 uauouned/rlgr'ua>lsra\ _ -
poo8 rurq s8urrq oqlv\ upluom dlcny e sarrJeur ar{ sarul+awos
'g€l'y1g7 saddl 'y3 'taru sur{ eq aldoad pue s8ulq} aq} }o suoq 'ueruo,rrl ll'yeeq a1.{1aqlax , :
_
'(++oqrg 'S) IZ9-1Iq 1:
-sanb aql sra^rsue uelu arp 'daurnof premaruor{ aq} uO '[f 'O'ZZIN] 'il'zl€-01€ /I 966I Jraqrs I l.:t
dep leq+ uo peq er{s se qrnur se a^eq p1norls daq+ iuqr srapro ar{s 'palL-.r ----
dep leril uo uroq are aldoad dueru moq raq flal s]ue^ras rar{ uaqg
'lea ol ssal seg dep o1 dep urorJ aunuod leq+ soas ag dep dlcnlun
u€ uo uroq sE,' ar{ }eq} plo} tr rr:.:H:"1rrilr#ä:"jr;iHrrr, ']aru Ja^a 1r uos;aci i . --i
dn r-uLr-1 slpa Jlom aqf aruoL: -'
-uro;d aq pue 'suorlsanb urrq aru8 1eq1 aldoad pue s8urq+ slaaur ar{ po3 asneJaq spreMar aql sull: - -
deal srq ug '[fSZfH] dq,ra. raq >1se o] aun]ro{ puIJ o} seoB all 'lryssa) 'lZeZtU) paprE.\\a: >
-rns arolu sr raqlorq ,lzels:]rT}o lure, aqr dqzvt srapuoM aq alrqM e aql daurnof premauroll aq] r.r - -_
rage lnq raqlorq srq ueq+ rapreq $lrom aH 'auole ged sru unr ueo aq
os rurEJ aLI+ apr^rp ol slue/| rar{+orq srql äro1!t aq+ saop luorl} Jo auo 1I ul e1l ou sr aralli {q,u, rr.--,
dpo 1nq ur.re1 rrar{l uo raq1a3o1 a^rl sraq}orq olv*I(*)Ltr6pue *g176 rno^ap Jo u^\oJp plnoqs aL{ :i. ..
saddl snor.tard aqt 3urpn1cu1) 'aunqtoT lo qcnas, w frautno[ aqa 1g1gi LISIJe (9) '(uns aq] olur Urp aL{:
UZ rr8e141 yo sa1e1 t8z )d{ ,82 IJC
 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284
FFC 284

[H1,291].Awell wants to know why it has dried up, a tree wants to 461,A See Type 4604.
know why it is withered and the ferryman who rows the hero to the
devil wants to know when he will be replaced. 462 The Outcast Queerts ,,.'

With the help of the devil's mother (grandmothel, wife) [GS30.1], Type 3024.) A kir-rg -,

who asks her son when she louses him or when he is asleep, the but his wives becon... -
young man gets the three hairs and the answers to his questions [C+051 he mee(- a"
[H1292]. The ferryman has to give the oar to someone ehelg5Z1.5l,
whom he wants tri r:-.'
the spring of the well is blocked by a frog [A1111], and the roots of wives shall be kill..:
the tree are damaged by a treasure (snake). for their eyes [S{3< .'
For his answers and help the young man receives a large reward, ed outcast llueen- --'
and the king has to accept him as son-in-law. The greedy king also of their hunger the'. ,-
wants to get treasures on the way to the devil, but he becomes the queen saves her r -
replacement for the ferryman [P413.1.1]. When the son S: '
queen recognizes hr::-
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other queensbackif he.1i..
types, esp. 93Q and also 302, 4608,531,550,563, 1000, 1002, 1003, and 1008. and sends him to 1'.:: ::
Remarks: More than half of the variants begin with Type 930 as an introductory the son is given t1'.. .
episode. king hears the trr,rtl' .-
Literature/variants: Aarne 19L6; BP l, 276-293; Tille 19L9; Lnthi L969a, zo-g4;
MacDonald 1982, No. H1273.2; EM 6 (1990) 343-g4B (U. Marzolph); Scherf 1995 Remarks: Cf. the version in B,':
I, 629-631., il, 11,81-1186, 1277-1280, t3SZ-1360; Dekker et al. 1991 ,112-115; Röth Literature/Variants:
1998; Schmidt 1999 ; Röhrich 2002, 298-309. Icelandic: cf. Rittershaus 1Y.I I -
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, No.52; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman lgl7f.l,No. g9, Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 200i; L. '--.
II, No. 286(7); Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/MedneL977; Lithuanian: 1999, No. 30; Palestinian: \L-'., .:'
Kerbelyte 1,999ff .I; Livonian, Lappislr, Wepsian, Karelian, Sp.janian: Kecskemdti/ Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Pakr.,,, :-
Paunonen 1,974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 19g4; Danish: Roberts 1960, Nos. 302A, -1rl ,,
Grundtvig l876ff.I, No. 12; Faeroese: Nyman 19g4;Icelandic: sveinsson 1929; Thompson/Roberts 1960; \--:,'
Irish: Ö sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tendze 1964ff. lr; 1987, No. 18; Chinese: cf. Tir-: ,
Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff .II; Catalan: Oriol/pujol 2003; portuguese: Syrian, Palestinian: El-5lran- -
Braga1987 r,181ff., Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 19g4a; Flemish: üI"y"t Chilean: cf. Hansen 1957, \,r -=
1968,Lox 1999a, No. 46; German: Ranke 1955ff. II, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, 2004; Tunisian, Algerian, Su;:.:-.
No. 29, III, No. 165; Austrian: Haiding 1,9b3,1791f.; Swiss: Wildh aber llJffer 1921.,
No. 21; Italian: Cirese/seraf ini 1975; Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tille 19291f.1,
141; Slovakian: Ga5parikov61991f.I, Nos. 83,342, cf. No. 95, II, No. 373, cf. No.
465 TheMan Perseatte'1 E
524;_Slovene: Nedeljko 1.889,27ff.; Greek: Kretschmer 1912 No. 27, Angelo-
previous Types -1r:: -
poulos/BrouskouL999; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, Nos. 44, 57; polish: Krzy2anowski woman of superna:-.
l962f.r; Russiary Byelorussiary Ukrainian: sus; Türkish: Eberhard/Bor atav 19s3, maiden [8642]) or !r^:
No. 125 IV b; ]ewish: Noy 1963a, Nos. 63, 71,97,lason 1965; Gypsy: MNK X 1; him. He discover. - - -
A-dygea: Alieva1986; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ti/paunonen 1974,iabitov L9g9; her from turning b::.
Chuvash: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;Yakut:Ergis 1.967, No. 171, cf. Nos. 139, An envious kin: -
210; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Syrian, palestinian, Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; evil adviser (r'izi.j
Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov 1976, No. 31; Chinese: TingtgTg; Korean, Choi1979, impossible tasks tl :.
No. 242; Indonesian: vries 1925f. II, 406 No. 167; Fränch-Canadian: Derarue/ castle or bridge ir'
Tenöze 1964ff. II; North American Indian: Thompson I9L9, 3g7f.;Spanish- understands 14 ian:-,..'
American, Mexican: Robe 1973; Dominicary puerto fucan: Hansenlgsz) Guate-
malary Ecuadorian: Camarena/Chevalier 199sff.II; west Indies: Flowers 1953;
a field of grain in :

Cape Verdian: Parsons 1923b1,304; EgyptiarL Moroccan: Et-Shamy 2004; Namib- [H1023.3], to feed :.:-
ian: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 1055. hand, to bring a ver., ,

The man accon'f

aIrzlt sr4 Jo dlaq aq+ q+Ir't $lse+ ar{+ Jo ornt} saqsrldurocce uetu ar{J
'uetu (pazrs-qumrü) leurs d,rarr e 8urlq o+ 'puet{
-qpueN 1p667 drueqg-M :utrr -
auo olul s+I, leql 1ua1 a8ml e Surrq o1 'durre ue paal ol '[€'SZSIH] 1€96I sra^{ol{ :sarpul lsa-\\ l- _,
ralurM ur sade;8 8ur.rq o1 '[OOOfff] tq8p auo ur urer8 ,o plalJ e -a+en3 1196l uasueH :uEtry '-:
lsa^r€rl 01 '[ggglH] dleq 3ur.r.q E puI.J o]'(sa8en8uel 7I spu€]srapun -qsrued5 :')l1t'6161 uc-.: -
oqrt) dqeq leuoqdacxa ue Surrq o1 '1q8ru auo uI a8prrq ro allseJ /anrelaC :uerpuue]-qlua:_ _,
E pllnq o1 '3'a ,ILLZL;S-'I'It6;11.] ur]q ]o pr.r la8 o] s>lse] alqrssodtur '616I\oy):uparo) 19761 Fu:- .
(aarql) oraq aql sanr8 aq'[ttOff] (ueruoa,r plo 'rarzl^) rasl^pe IIAa 1ygg7,{r"ueq5-13 :rbe.r1 .uL. .. .-
'o€l'soN'P'IlL'o5',1oo, -
ue Io aJrlpe uo 'pue arrm Inlllneaq sr-ql sualoJ 3ur1 snorrtua uy
1686I '7761 uauour.r: : _ -
'1eurrue ue olul lceq 8uru.rn1 uroJI raq ^otrqes
1I X »Nr l :dsd.,{3 1996I uo::
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roy asnoq sdaal dpalcas aqs'poD uroq sauroo aqs ro ([7799] uapreur r1s,l,rouez,{z;) :Llsrtocl :_: f
_-
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Sunod 1nJ4neaq e salrr€ur ueru V ('ASSV-VSSV saddl snor,ta'rd 'oN'J)'tl€'oN 'll '§o o\ :: :-
aql Surpnlrut) 'arttl p{gnaaA s41lo asnacag palnrasßd uotrN aql 99n 'l '\I6Z6L allrJ :qraz] 1II ) t;.. _-
'U6L ßDnltaqEqpllM :ssr..,.: -_
'ygg7 drueqg-If, :asouepns'uer.ra81y'uelslunl 17002 'r 1661 rat{lo/rurx ruruur -- -
dureq5lg 2Zt 'oN /696I )€.^ oN :uerldd8g 1y**99?*'oN 296I uasueH'Ir :uealrq3 ra.,(ap11 :qsrr.uag.letg6l"roo\ .-: :
!'UOe' erct'Ie la neaqreg :uerpeue3-qruart 1ü002 duuqSlg :ueruqsaled'uerrdg 1t,L.
:asanBnl.ro4 1ggg7 ;oln.1
:'fiEOI'LI'ltll6l 'I€ ]a flapur'1 'Jr :uEI]oeT !97613:u:r1'Jr :asaurq3 18I 'oN '186I ltt 'lltg1tazaual / anrEIaC , I .
prar{rsaqufl ''!lgz'086I q}UJITD/E&eg ';o :asaledaN i096I syaqol/uosduroql 1626I uossura^S :JrpuEIalJ ::\-'
:ue{ue'I uS 116 'oN '1002 urnq{relg'686Iuose['79tr'YZo€ 'soN /096I silaqou :LlsruPC 1üg6l auPoH :uPr:- -
/uosdruogl :uerpul 1096I slraqo5/uosduroql :rue+sr»Ecl l7g61qd1ozrcW :ueruErl /r]?lua{sra) :uerueft.,(g ,ueq:^'. .;
100'oN /686I eueeue) / IMEI{nIN'68I'oN /696I )el\,IoN :ueruEsalEd 10t'oN'666I :ueruPnqll-I 17761 aupa1,1 s,':--
,,(rueqglg:uerrdg 18II'oN 'Il'lltg6lapo6'Jr:dsddg :ggg7p[n4l1orro:ueIE+eJ '68'oN'1'llL6I ueurTf,EH :rj!.-: -
ltt'llgOOt rarle^ar{)/puarerupJ :qsruedg 1r7'oN /206I sner{sra}+l5'P :rrpuelaJl
:sluuIrEA/arnlurelll qlau 19II-ZII ',1661'P Ja rar\:
'(g'n1) auonwoluad tallseg uI uorsra^ aql 'Jf, :sIreruau --
E66l lrrr{Js :1qd;ozre61 .l -.
!hq-)t 'u696L IWI'I 16I6t at , - :
'uaanb ssa.rSo aq] saqsrund pue qlrul aq+ sreaq 3u»1
aq1 'suaanb aql o+ )Jeq sa{el aq qtIrIM 'sada aql uaar8 sr uos aq} .,(rolcnporlur uB se 006 ad,i1 u _
'800I pue 't00L'Z)Ot'0tr,-
pue ra+lal atp sa8ueqc .radlaqy'[ttg»] raq]our raq ot wn{ spuas pue _,
Ianal qerrn e uml sa,rr8 aqs raq roJ puerra ue saop aq Jr )Jeq suaanb rarfo aJoru Jo auo;o saposrcia ;,
aq1 ;o sada agl rc8 plnor ar{ leql rurq sIIa+ pue rurq sazruSooar uaanb
ssarSo aq1 'suaanb aq] Jo are) se{e} ar{ dn srvror8 uos ar{l uar{M
aLIl sauoraq aq
li .
'[171] uos raq sales uaanb inq ,p,rap au:
osle 3ur1 dpaar8 ar{J',t,rEI-Lr:-,-
lsa8unod aq1 ÄWO'lZ'Zlll uraq] tea pue ap1l1p daq] ra8unq rlaqt Jo
'pre,r.r.a;r
a8rel e sa^raJal upr_li : _-:
osne)aq lnq ';ratpoue ra+Je auo uarplltp rlaql ;eaq suaanb ]seJ+no pa
'( a).r-: !:
-pullq aqt (l1d e) lsaroy aq+ q '(s]rcaq rrar{} pue) [8€7S] seda .rraq1'ro1
s>ISE ar{s 1oo.rd se puu ([9€7S] 1rd e olur ur*o'rrü) pallH aq Ileqs sa^IM Jo sloor aql pue '[t ttt V] E,.;.
'[S'tZEö] asla auoauros o] Jprr i -
sn{ }eLI} spueuap aqs '[g'I'69tD'r9Z)] d;.reru o] s+uem aq urotIm
suorlsanb srq ol sJaMSup aLI_ :-
uewom Sunod InJrlneaq e Jo urro1 ur ssarSo ue slaaru aq [90?D]
aq+'daalse sr aq uaqM Jo uir-. :
Suqunrl sr aq uoq ',read e Sunea dq
4 lueu8ard aurocaq sa^rm sry ]nq
,uarplrq) ou seq sa.tr.u (auru 'ua,,r.as) aarqi qlllr Srpl ('y7gg addl '[t'OSEC] (a]r.44.'rarporupue;S -.
V 'Pareldar
snor.r.ard aql 3u1pn1cu1)'uaanfi ssat8g aql puu suaanfi $aqno aql zgv '-:
JLll ol olaq aql sMol oq,tn ueL* -
'y69p ad{1 yLgV ol sluPm aa;1 e 'dn patrp spll -
aag
rr8eyl yo sa1e1 r8z ,82 ICC
€tz lJc
ffi
274 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

[H1233.2.7]. The last task often leads l-rim to the otherworld, and it 465A* See Type 612.
is accomplished by one of the wife's relatir.es r,r.ho defeats the king.
In some variants the king finds out about the beautiful young 467 The Quest for the I\,.''
woman from a picture [T11.2] that the hero carries with him. beautiful florr er' 'i.
Cf. Types 313,402,47\, and531.. more of them. Th. .

princess who pr, .'.

Combinations: 400, 569, and 882.
blood [D457.1.1, D=]-
Remarks: Documented in the 7th century in China, ar.rd in the Bth centun. in
apa n.
the young man re:- -r .
J

Literature/variants: Cosquin7922b,246-316; IVIegas 1958; scherf lgg5r,22-25,

397403,11,101.4-7077; Röth 1998, No.465*; EM 9 (1999) 762-177 (K. pöge-A1der);
Literature/Variants:
Marzolph/Van Leeu'wen 2004, No. 355. Spanish: Gonzälez Sanz 1'']'': -
Finnish: Rausmaa 7982f1.I, 485f.; Estorrian: Aarne 1918, No. ,165A; Livor.rian: Macedonian: Piliökova 19e: 'a
Loorits 1926, No. 465C; Latr.ian: Aräjs/Medne 1977, Nos. .165A-465C; Lithu- Cullakjan 1990; Iranian: \1::-
anian: Kerbelytö 1999ff.I, Nos. 465A, 165C; Lappish: Kecskem6ti/paunonen Indian: Tauscher 1959, \o. :i
1974, No. :165C, Bartens 2003, No. 28; Wepsian, Svrjanian: Kecskem6ti / paunonen Egyptian, Algerian: El-Sha::- . -
1974, No. 465A; Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunone. 1974, Nos. 465A-465C; Nor-
wegian: cf. Hodne 1984; Irish: Ö Sr:rllleabhain/Christiansen 1963; portuguese: 468 See Type 317.
Oliveira 1900ff. I, Nos. 761, 178, Cardigos (forthcomir-rg); Hungarian: ltNf lt,
Nos.4654,465C; Slovakiar.r:Ga§parikovä1997f .I, No.92; Rumanian: Amzulescu Friends in Life and Dea
1974, No. 12.2.7;Bdgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek: Darvkins 1953, No. 1g, Diller be guests at each other
1982, No. 42, Angelopou1os/Brouskou 1999, No. 4654; polish: Krzv2anor.r.,ski lg62f . invisibly in the rr-eddi
I, No. 4654; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 4654-465C; Turkish: return visit [E238].
Eberhard/Boratar, 1953, Nos. 83 IV f,86 (5-.6),2t7,248 III b, 256y,280;Jer,vish: The living friend a
Noy 1963a, No. 22, Noy 1965, No. 1, Habou cha 7992; Gvpsy: MNK X 1, Nos.
the otherworld. Ther
465A,465C; Ossetian: Bjazvrov 1958, Nos. 65,77,79, E0; Advgea: Alieva 19g6,
Nos. 4654, 465C; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskemdti/paunoneri 1gZ+, No. +OSe, and see strange thilg:
Sabitov 1989, Nos. 465A465C; Chu'ash: Kecskemdti/paunonen 1974, No.465B; helllFl77.2l, fat cattle i
Tatar, Mordt,inian: Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1971, Nos. 465, 4654; Armenian: (formerly rich and po,r
Gullakjan 1990, Nos. 465, 1o5A; Yakut: Ergis 19o7, Nos. 1tt,122,728,175, cf. Nos. argue 1F171,.31, etc.
770,187; Kalmyk: Lörtncz 1979, No.465A; Burvat:Lörincz 1979; Mongoliar-r: When the living m
Lörincz 1979, Nos. 465, 465A, 165C, 165C*; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 200ö, Nos. many (three) centuries
4654-465C; Syrian: Nor,r,ak 1969, No. 171, El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 465, .165A; He dies or turns t-' -:
Lebanese: cf . Nowak 1969, Nos. 777 , 776; palestinian, Jordanian: El-Shamy 2004; Cf. Type:171
Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 771, cf . No. i76, E1-Shamv 2004, Nos. 165,465A;Iranian:
Marzolph 1984, No. *4654; pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 1960, No. 465A; Remarks: Documented in th
lndian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Nos. 465A, 465D, Jason 19g9, Blackburn 2001, the Dutch Christian legend
Nos. 31, 78; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipo.', 1976, Nos. 147, 161; Sri Lankan: Thompson/ Literature/Variants: Kötrler /
Roberts 1960, No.4654; Chinese: Ting 1978, Nos.465A, 465A1,465D; Korear.r: Petzoldt 1968; Petzoldt 1!6.c, -. -
Choi 7979, No. 205, cf. No. 200; Laorian: Lindell et al. 1977ff .i, gZtt.; ]apanese: 287 (C. Petschel); Dekk.' .
Ikeda 1971, Nos.465, 4658, cf. No.465E, Inada/O2ar,,.a7977ü.;French-Cairadian: Finnish: Rausmaa 1982fi L -'-
Delar-ue/Tenöze7964f1.Il, No.4654; spanisl.r-American: Robe 1973; parramanian: ish-Srt edish: Hackman 1!r, -:
Robe 1973; Mayan: Peäalosa 1992; west Indies: Flolr.ers 1953; Egl.ptian: Nor,r-ak Medrre 1977 ; Lithranian: K.' --.
1969, Nos. 227,252, E1-Shamy 2004; Algerian: Nor,vak 1969, No.-it5, cf. No. 197,
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 19i 1 :
E]-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Nowak 1969, No. 115, cf. Nos. 117,197, EI-Sham1,2004, Danish: Grundtvig 185lit I '
No. 4654; Sudanese: Norvak 1969, No. 252, El-Sham1.200,l; Eritrean: El-Shamv Stiilleabhäin/ Christiansen . -- :
2004.
l, 431,1.; French: Delarue / Te:- . .
II; Portuguese: Coelho 19t1. \.
4654-465D See Tvpe 465. 1843, 145f .; Frisian: Kooi l:''=,.
1955ff. II, Moser-Rath 196-1, \. ,
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'.Leppl.t uapoop u:r3 pue8al LIErlsrrLIJ tl)]n6 aLIl i
l00Z urnq)rPIB'bSol uo- _:
ur pue (lgtl) uuttoldwaxa unlntatlg ur ,{rnluar qlgl aql LtI pa}Llarxnroc :s{reruau iVEq, oN '0q6 1 sträq.U -
:uPruprl :Vgqf 'gql 'f :
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ad,{I 'J:) :7967 ,{ueq5-[f :uerupp], 1 .
'lsnp ol surnl Jo salp aH :v!qü 'Eqi soN '1002 i.. -
'auo ou sMoLr{ aq pue paSuutP sI t[V'IIIOzc] sarrnluar (aarl{}) 'soN '0002 aTpruP \oPrn\ :. -
^uPur :uerloBuo4 :bl6l z)ut)r1 ..
de.r'r.e uaaq ser{ aLI }eqi spul} aLI sr-lrn}ar uetu 8ur,tr1 aql LIaLIM
'soN 'Jr'9lI'9ZI 'ZU"'ilL sir\ _ -
'r1a '[g'171g] an8re
:uprualurv lYg9t ,g9t.so-\ ,__
oLIM slerurue pue aldoad '[t'tttl] (aldoad "rood pue qcrr dpaurol)
1999f 'oN '116l uauouned r]. _.'. .
auo uaar8 E ur alller ueal pue arnlsed rood e ur al]le) leJ'[Z'Illl] laq
'v99tr 'oN 'ü16I uauourlE.l ::
pue ua^Ear-[ o] peor MoJJeu E pue peorq e :s8urq] aSuerls aas pue /986I e^artv:ea8.{py tgg ,6_
__
plromrallto aqt q8norql .,(aurno[ 3uo1 e a1e1 .{aq1 'plromrallto aLI} 'soN'I X )N1q :dsdi3 17ari.- ..
ur puarrJ srq 1o Surppa^\ ar{} ul lred sa1e1 osIP puarrJ 8ur,rr1 aq1 :qsr,rta{ :OBZ 'L 992 ,q III Sla _ .
-
'[SSZS] ]rsrl urnlar :r{sr>lrnl !)99t-V99t.soN S -:
p roJ urrq salr^ur aH 'puarrJ 8ur,rr1 aq];o Strrppa,u aLil ul {lqlsl^Lrl 'JZ96I DIS.^{ouezAztS:LISrlo.l .i j, -
lred saleq lnq sarp tuar{} Jo au6 's8urppam s,raLllo qrea le slsan8 aq ralllc'8I oN'g96l suD{,\.rPq ;r ::_
nfsalnzuv:u€ruerunu 176 r.1 _
o+ raqlo qcea asrtuord spuarrJ o.ltJ '[S9ZI,^{] q+aa1 puti alfl ut spuaLq oln
'II )N14l :uerreSunpl 1(3unri,.: - .
't1g ggü
:äsont61ro., :fgbJ uacuprl\l- -
adil aag -roN 1199r-V99tr .soN ,lt6I -.. .
'7667,{uuq5-1g :uerra31y'uerldd8g
uauolrnpd / rlprua)sJa) :uprlr:: * :
uäuounPJ / r,]eua1sJa; ;q-.-; -'
lg 16y ßun7 :asaurq3 1096I spaqo5 / uosduoql'89'oN'696I raLIrsnEI :uerpul
-nLIlI'I 1)99r-Y99tr 'soN '!_,:- ._
1096I spaqo5/uosdruoql :rue+srIEd 17961 qdlozrel\ :ueruprl 19661 ue[1e11n3
:ueruo^rT 1yg9t 'oN ig16I a-:;.
:uprlrarurv 119 'oN 'I 'JJ€B6I apotr41 :.{sdd3 10I oN '266I u^oIlIIId :Lrpruoparel4l
1g9, 'oN '(Surr.uorqlrol) so8rp.re3 :asen8nlro4 !966L zues zalezuo1:qsrtredg
1(rap1y-a3o4 '») ItI_-Zq (OOl, -
.
:sluPIJE /ärnlPralrT
'92-ZZ'.t Eb6t Jraq)s:8Ebt -L: .
'g9t 'l1i sad.{1 'y3 'raq sanf,sar uetu 8uno.{ aq}
ur,,(rnluar rllg aLI] ur puE ,plri-.--
ptre 'ar8o ue .,{q paddeupq uaaq pel{ aLIS '[t'I'lgtq'I'I'lgtrC] poolq
raq Jo lno dllecr8etu (s1a.,naf) sramol1 aql sarnpord oq.rt ssa:urrd
e spurJ pue af,rnos aq] roJ s>1ool ueur Sunod eql 'LuaLI] Jo arour
spueurap oq.rt 3ur1 e o1 1r (s1as) sanr8 pue (1a.ruat) rar\olJ IllJrln€aq 'LUlLl LlllM sarJJPf or;Ll 1 .
e spurJ ueu Sunod y (pma[1 DoLoll plnpuo1l a41 nt
#an§ a4t Lgü Sunod Inlqneaq aLIl ]noqe lr,. :
'3ur1 aql sleaJap oL{M sar\rJr,la.. -
'719 addl aag ,17ggi ]r pue
/plroMralllo aq] 01 Lurlt ::
9tz l8ey,rtr 1o sa1e1 t8z lcd 782 :){J
276 Hans-Jörg Uilsr FFC 284
FFC 284

Schuster 1994, No. 39; Swiss: Büchli/Brunold-Bigler 1989ff.I,293f.,I11,235,855,

IV 18; Austrian: Haiding 1965, Nos. 299,312; Ladinian: Kindl 1,992, No. 16;
47OB The LandWhere No Or:
Italian: Cirese/Seraflni1,975, Appari 1992, No. 47; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; 470*.) A young man >.:
Hungarian: MNKII; Czech: Tllle1929ff.Il2,127ff.; Slovakian: Polivka 1923tf.Iy, to the othern,orld t-.. .
395f.; Slovene: Kocbek 1926,27; Serbian: Dolenec 1972, Nos. 44,45; Croatian: which they need a r r:
Dolenec 197 2, N o. 1 0, B oSkovi6- Stulli 197 5b, No. 3 7; Macedonian: Mazon 1,923, grain by grain), but -:-,
No. 16, cf. Öepenkov/PenuSliski 1989II, No. 162; Rumanian: Dima1,944,43f.; land where ho onr -

Bulgarian: Koceva 2002; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I, Nos. 470, 4704; Sorbian: woman.
Nedo 1956, No.45; Russiary Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Türkish: cf. Eberhard/ When he lonsr : -
Boratav 1953, No. 62lY 7; ]ewish: Jason1975,1988a; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Votyak: leaving. He insists .':-
Kecskem6ti/Pattnonen1974;Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Chinese: Ting1978;Korear:
earth. He passe- r;-. -'
Choi1979, No.300, cf. Nos.302,3}3;japanese: cf. Ikeda'1,97'l.,InadalOzawa
L977ff.;French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze l964ff.ll; Nicaraguan: cf. Karlinger/
outward journer. l'r:-'
Pögl 1983, No.60; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992;Yenezuelan: cf. Karlinger/Pög11983, home he meets a m;:-.
No. 33; Brazllian: cf. Karlinger/Freitas 1977, No.83; Bolivian: Anibarro de gets off his hor'e r.
Halushka 1976, No. 25;Egyptian: cf. EI-Shamy 1980, No. 12; Moroccan: Basset and he dies.
1887, Nos.31,,47;SotfihAfrican: Coetzee etal. 1967, No. E374.1.
Combinations: 400.
470A The Offeniled Skull, (Leontius, Don Juan, Festin de Pierre.) A drunk- Remarks: Documented in the I.,,
at the beginning of the 1611'r c.:.:-.
en man finds a skull (statue, a dead man hanging on the gallows),
Literature/Variants: Köh1er B-...
kicks it, and invites it to dinner. The skull (dead person) visits the
8 (1996)760*763 (G. Petschel : l -
living person and warns him about his bad behavior (kills him). On
a return visit, the living person is a guest in the otherworld [C13].
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. L \: :
1918, No. 471*;Lapprsh: Kohl-- ,,
In some variants the living person watches things in the other- Säve/Gustavson 1952f. I, \o :- .
world. In other variants the living person stays in the otherworld 1963, No. 470*; French: Delarr-..
only for a short time, but finds that in this world a long time has coming), No.470*; Flemish: \1. .
passed and everything has changed [D2011]. Corsican: Ortoli 1883, 221ii. :
Serbian: Öajkanovii 1929, \: :
Combinations. 470, 681. 1882, No. 11, Dima 1944, \o. = r
Remarks: Documented by Johannes Gobi Junioq, Scala coeli (No. 756). Jason i9b5, No. 470*; C1p-r : r
Literature/Variants: BP IIf 478483; Cock 1919, 108-152,308-309; MacKay 1943; Cullakjan 1990; Georgian: Kr-::: -
Röhrich 1.9 62f . lI, 53-85, Petzol dt 19 68 ; Wittmann 197 6 ; T au 197 6 ; EM 3 ( 1 98 1 ) 57; Japanese: cf. Ikeda 1971. \.,. =-
755-759 (G. Petschel); Scherf 1995 1I,825-828; Dekker et al. t997,346-349;L6pez Canadian: Delarue / Tenö ze 19r -::
de Abiada/Studer 2001. 13; Moroccan: Topper i986, \-- i
Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff .I, 486, lauhiainen 1998, No. C1161; Estonian: Aarne
1918, No. 472*;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff. II; Nor- 470* See Type 4708.
wegian: Olsen 1912, 170f.; Danish: Kamp 1879f.I, No. 16, Skattegraveren 5 (1886)
No. 682; Icelandic: cf. Naumann/Naumann 1923, No. 29; Scottish: cf. Briggs 471. The Bridge to the Oth;..
1,970f .B I,393f.; French: Delarue/Tendzel964ff.Il; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier
out to look for u.ork . :
1995ff . Il, Gonzälez Sanz 1996; Basque: Camarena / Chevalier 1,99\ff .II; Portu-
is married to somec:. :
guese: Braga 1987 I, 196f .,244f ., Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Volkskundig
job: They must herd :c .
Bulletin 24 (1998) 308f.; Frisian: Kooi 19844 Kooi/Schuster 2003, No.49; Ftemish:
Meyer 1968, Meyer lSinninghe 1.973, Boone 1,999ff .II, 14b0ff .; German: Moser- must bring back a sa::-:
Rath 1964, Nos. 3, 38, Müller/Röhrich 1967, Nos. L13,L1.4, Berger 2001; Swiss: In some variantr ::l .

]egerlehner 1907,125ff., Büchli/Brunold-Bigler 1989ff.II,449f.; Aistrian: Haiding (sur; death) and are : ,

1.965, No. 31,2;Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975; Hungarian: MNK II; Macedonian: cf. The elder brother. -
Öepenkov/Penu§liski lg89II, Nos. 120, 124; Rumänian: Birlea 1966III,2Z2,23iff.; suaded by an old u'or:-....:
Polish: KrzyLanowskilg62f.I, No. 470*; Gypsy: MNK X 1; French-Canadian: Thev are transformed ::
Delarue/Tenözel964tr.Il;Dominican, Chilean: Hansen 1952; peruvian: Camarena/ the instructions and r..:,
Chevalier 1995ff . II; Brazilian: Karlinger / Fr eitas t977, No. 83. sees visions [F171]: Fa: .
e uI aEleJ ueal pue arnlsEd rood e ur olDeJ }e{ :[IlId] suoISI^ saos '€8 'oN '--:
aH 'h'Z'I871I 'ZqIC] a8puq aql ssor)e sassed pue suollrnrlsur ar{l
"
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'Jr:uPruopä)PIN lll>NI\:L: i -
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'pa1)erlsrp aq ol ro TI€] ol paMoIIe lou are pue (q+eap 'uns) 3urpre11 :ueulsnv1'J6iF /II r,-.-
:ssr^{S 11002 ra8rag 'FI-I 'i - . -
Suraq prnleu.radns e dueduocoe ol a^eq daql sluegert aruos uI
-rasor\l:upurra3 I'llOqtt 'll :r. :-
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.
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-1unrp y ('auard ap uilsa1 ''-.:: .
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/ra8ur1re){';t :uen8erert\ : i-,,--
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lsure8e urn{ sasr^pe ueruom aq+ 'ouror{ srq ro} s8uol aq uaqM /prEt{laqg Jr:r{sDIrnJ 19.1q .-.. -. .
'uEurol\{ :uerq;ros :y0/i')lt'soN'I'1a...-
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'€z6I trozew:uptuopaleJ\ I i -
ar{l sar{rpar aq .{leurg 'Ie+rorurur lou are daq+ lnq '(urct? dq urer8
urelunour e Äeme realr o] '3'a) aur4 3uo1 dran e paau dagl qclqzur :ueIlPorl 19t 'rf 'soN 'Z16I ).....
' LI',!l€Z6I E)^rlod :rrpDle,\olq -_-
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lruryerag /asarr3 :uerurp.rES :_:
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19I 'oN '266I
adXl snor.ra;d aqt Bu1pnlrul) '[9II{] salo auo oN aßWvlpual aql IpLtl) :uprLrrp:- -
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h
 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284
FFC 284

green one [F171.7], stones striking on each other [F171.3], and ani- Aakjaer/Holbek1966, No. llv ..
leabhäin/ Christiansen 1963; \t, r
mals which, passing in and out of a church, become human beings
498; French: Delarue/Tenöze i;--
and take part in the Holv Communion [F121.5].
II, Gonzälez Sanz 1996; Bas..,:
The boy takes bread and wine from the altar and brings it to the Karlinger/ Pögl 1989, No. jl .-
supernatural being. The visions are explained [F121.0.1]: the fat and Cardigos (forthcoming); Dr-r::
lean cattle in the differend pastures fomerly rvere rich and poor Flemish: Meyer 1968; Germar
people. The striking stones lvere people who argued and are forced 134, Bechstein/Uther 1997 L \
to continue their conflicts in the otherrvorlcl. The animais in the lehner 1913, 276f., cf. Büch :
church are angels, priests, or transformed princes. The voungest Decurtins 1.896ff.II, No. 105: h-
brother is re'r,r,arded and his brothers are disenchanted [R155.1, 1992, No. 381; Czech: Dvor'äk -'
H12421. Albanian: cf. Lambertz 1921. ),
1998; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1;:-
Combination s: 470, 7508, and 750*. SUS; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Arn-...-
Remarks: Documented in ihe 19th century but the rnotif of the journev to the Mexican: Robe 1973.
otherworld is much older. Contains manv vision motifs
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1}g2ft. VIiI, 1b0 No. 168; cf. Dinzelbacher 7973; 475 The Man as Heater o.i I
Richard et aL.1973;EM2 (1979) 835*838 (G. Petschel); Scherf 1995 1,22-25,394- job (for seven vear: ..
39o. 444-447; Röth 199E. will take their gre. .:'
Finnish: Rausmaa 7982ff . I, No. 57; Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e j.977; Lithuanian: The soldier ha. :
Kerbelyte 1999[t.11; Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Swedish: Liungman [C721,.1) or comb h:::-.=
[C325]. He breaks :: -
1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929; Irish: ö Siiilleabhäirr/
Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff . II; Spanish: Camarena/ friendly relatir er :' :
Chevalier 1995{f.I1; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. F152, Oriol/Pujo1 2003; portu-
releases poor 50ulr :-.
guese: Oliveira 1900ff. I, No. 50, Cardigos (forthcoming); Italian: Cirese /Serafini
lq75; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop le78; Slorene: Vrtec I2 (1882) ll4ff.; Bulgarian: In payment he :r:-
BFP; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzy2anorvski 1962t. I; Russian, 1D475.11. Or, or-L t1'.t .- -
Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; Gvpsy: MNK X 1; Advgea: Alieva 1986; Cheremis/ something worth-e..
Mari: Sabitov 1989; Siberian: Holmberg 7927, 488tf .; Palestinian: El-Shamv 2004; The host at an iru1 ''.. j-.
Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: cf. Ting 1978; ,[apanese: Ikeda 197j, [D861.1], but u,it1-L tr'.= ---

No. 551; Filipino: JAFL 20 (L907) 770ff .; Frerrch-Canadian: Delarue / Tenöze 1964ff . 332C",360,367, ar,;:
II; Spanish-Americary Mexican, Costa Rican: Robe 1973; South American Indian: \
Wilbert/Simoneau1992, No. F152; Peruvian: Lira 1990, 26ff.; Bolivian: Anfbarro Combinations:592,650A.
de Halushka 1976, No. 26; Chilean, Argentine: Hansen 1957; West Indies: Flo.rvers Remarks: Documented in th. - - .

1953; Egyptian: El-Shamv 2004. Literature/Variants: BP II, ll:--

(H.-,[. Uther); Scherf 1995 I], , -: -
47lA The Monk and the Bird. Amonk, thinking about the everlasting life Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. L \- :
in the monastery gardens, listens to the singing of a bird. He believes Estonian: Loorits 1959, No. :-
it lasts only a short moment but r,r.,hen he returns to the monasterv 1977; Lrthrtanian: Kerbeh te . - .

he has grown old and nobody recognizes him because decades Swedish: Liungman Igol: \
(three centuries) have gone by [D2011.1]. Cf. Tvpe 681. 214ff., Kristensen 1896f. I, \tr : .:
Delarue/Tenöze 1964tf . 1I; C,- .:
German: Ranke 1955ff. II, Koi- :.
Remarks: Documented by Maurice de sullv in a Frencl.r sermon in the 12th cen-
II, No. 100; Swiss: Wildhaber -, ::.
tury.
No. 70. Büchli / Brunold-Big . - -
Literature/variants: Chauvin 1g92ff. VIII, 102-105; KöhIer/Bolte 1B9gff. 1r,239f.;
Mül1er 7972;PaulilBolte7924I, No.562; Hammerich 1933; Röhrich lg62f.l, 124-
19291f . I, 201.1f ., Horäk 1971 , '-. - .
IY,7241.; Slovene: Gabr§öek 1:-
L45,274-280; Tübach 1969, No.3378, cf. No. 3216; Röth 1998; Verfasserlexikon 10
42; Croatian: Bo§kovi6-Stu11i 1 9r'
(1999) 1621f . (N. F. Palmer); EM 9 (1999) 7BB*793 (F. Wagner).
Estonian: Loorits 1959, No. 108; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Lithuanian: Kerbelr.te
Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SL - S
1999ff.lI; Lappish: Qvigstad 7927f1.1[, No. 5,1; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Gypsy: MNK X 1; French-Car-ra-:
 .
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sad,(1 'y3 '[SSSO'J)] ]I sra^orar aq dlaq s,Ir^ap aq] r{iluvr tnq'[I'I9SA] 'l16t Ppa)l :asauedef :g,,. I :
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:uer.re81ng !'ilill (Zggil ZI rr--
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11
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'!lS66I rarlu^aq)/euarelueJ :qsruedg 1,tl'iltg6;1 azEual/anrelaq :qruarC 1g67
s8uraq ueuJnLI auJoJaq ,rlflrl jr .
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-rue pue '[t'tttt) raq]o qrEa _-
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6lz 13e1,1 yo sa1e1 ,82 ICC
r8z fcc
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280 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.1
FFC 28'l

476 Coal Turns into Gold. This miscellaneous 1r,,pe consists of various 1988a, Habou cha L992, No. 476--
tales (mostly legends) in which coal turns into gold (silver). Cf. Egyptian, Libyan, Algerian, Suda
Types 476*, 476**. E.g.:
(1) A person finds (the devil gives him) some coal that turns into 476** Midwife in the llndent
gold [D475.1.1]. In some variants the person has to throw' a rosary supernatural being) sr
(bridle) onto the coal to effect the transformation. being (dwarf, water spi
(2) A person breaks apart glowing coals and finds a treasure been kidnapped br. fair
under them [N532]. F3331.
(3) The gold (transformed coal) brings unexpected good fortune As payment for her
to a poor person (child, charcoal burner, maidserr.ant, shepherd, apparently worthless I c
orphan). which she throws arrar-
(4) A maidservant gets glowing coals for her kitchen fire. The she still has, has tumed
next morning, she finds pieces of gold in the ashes [F3.12.1]. Her but cannot find it (the g;
master takes the gold away from her.
(5) A man who wants to smoke his pipe has no lighter. He takes Literature/Variants: Child 1882ft .

a piece of coal from the fire, but his pipe will not light from it even 367; ChristiansenlgT4; Röhrich n j
on the third trv. When he knocks out his pipe, a piece of gold fal1s 1995,901.
out of it. Lappish: Qvigstad 1925, No.41; Sir
Danish: Kristensen 1892ff . I, 33ütr.
Remarks: Earlysource (7587), seethe HistoriaztortD.lohnnrtFntLsten (ch.58). French: S6billot 1904f1. II, 113ft"; I
Literature/Variants: BP 1, 104f ., cf . 366; HDA 5 (19321 33) 80-83 (K. Olbrich); 1994, Nos. 163,164, Kooi/Schust
Schwarzbaum 1980,279; MacDonaid 1982, No. F342.7; EM 8 (1996) 42f. Grimm DS/Uther 1993I, Nos. -11.
Finnish: Jauhiainen 1998, No. P561; Finnish-Su,.edish: Wessman 1931, No. 388; No. 39 (2), Berger 2001, No. 503-:
Lithuanian: Balys 1936, Nos. 3648, 3632, Balys 1940, No. 434; Danish: Kristensen Kindl1992, No. 36; Palestinian: FI
7892ff.IIl,419ff.; English: Briggs/Tongue 1965, No.7; French: Karlinger/Ürbleis
1974, No. 8; Portuguese: Martinez 1955, No. F342.1; Gerrnan: Henßen 7927, 750, 480 The Kind and the Unkint
Lohmeier 1935, Nos. 133, 609, Henßen 1935, Nos. 77, 13a,43b, Henßen 1955, No. the Spring. The Kind aru
313b, Schneidewind 1960, No. 6a, Peuckert 1963, No. 363, Zender 7966,399tf., by her stepmother [S31
Müller/Orend 1972, No. 119, Haller 1983, No. 157, Wolfersdorf 1987, No. 223, tale exists chiefly in trr-c
Grimm DS/Uther 1993 I, No. 163, Berger 2001, Nos. IX B 1, XV A 1, XV A 2, XV (1) A girl loses an ot
A 3, XV C 1-3; Swiss: Jegerlehner 1913, Nos. 2, 80; Austriar-r: Hevl 1897, No. 620, away by the wind), anö
Craber 1944, 136f ., Haiding 7972, 127f .; Croatian: Bo§koviö-Stuirli 7967t., No. 73;
N791]. She comes upor
Indian: Thompson/Ba1ys 1958, No. F342.1; Mexican: Robe 1971, No. 60; South
clean (disarrange) and t<
American Indian: Hissink/Hahn L967, No. 351.
the old woman lets her <

476* In the Frog's House. A rt oman promises a frog to be friends and

plain one [L217}
becomes midwife (godmother) to the frog's r.r.ife. She takes the frog's
(2) A girl falls into a
child to be christened, s\veeps the dust in the frog's house, and takes she has dropped [NZ;]
the garbage home r,r,ith her. There it becornes gold (money). lH7226l). She encounter
In some variants she frees dror,vned souls or brings up the child ask her for help: e.g. a

of the frog for seven years and then is able to release its parents from woman to be loused or ft
tree to be shaken [D16i:
enchantment. Cf. Types 1568*, 176, 476**.
Then she arrives at tl
Literature/Variants: marL supernatural bein;
Irish: cf. O'Sul1ivan 1966, No. 26; Hunga.rian: MNK II; Czech: Jech 198,1, No. 50; she is assigned tasks [Gi
Slovakian: Ca§parftovä 1.991f.1, Nos.48, 259, ci. No.208, II, No. 366; Slor.ene: cf. or farm work, has to fee
Bolhar 7971,70411.; Bulgarian: BFP, Kocer.a 2002; Polish: Simonides/Simonides the hair of fairies [H119]
1994, No.53; Turkish: cf. Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 120; jeu.ish: Jarson 1965, wash black wool white
-pr€LI pue InJdlaLI ,(ra,t sr aLIS'[9'tzgIH] a1rq,lt Ioo,\,\ TIEIq LISe,r\ '9961 uose{ :{sr,na{ 10ZI o\ a=,r .
ro [Z'SZSIH] a^ars € ur roleÄ . drrer o1 sELI '[Z6IlH] saIrIeJ Jo rIeLI aLIl sapruorurs / sapruolurs :LISrlo.l :
'Jl :aua^ols 199€ oN /II /SOa rr\ -
qLuof, o] seq '[99t3] uourap al{l asnol ro paal ol seLI />lro^\ urreJ ro
109 'oN 'T,86I LIraI :qraz] 1ll ){\" ,
plollasnor{ aqt op o} spq aqs '3'a :[99611 'VOZ)) s1sul pau8rssp sI aqs
aJaLIM (sqiuoru aÄlar{l aLIl ro lupl8 e alrl s8ulaq lernleu.radns 'uetu
plo /alloH nerg) uetuo.u. plo ue Jo asnot-{ aLIl }E sa,\Irre arIS UaLII ',-..-i -
'ile tuallt sdlaq FrB aLII '[9'I'8991q] ualeqs aq o] aarl
uro;1 slua;ed slr asealar ol iler i :
aldde ue /pparq Jo parldr"ua oe oJ LIoÄo LIe /pa1 ro pasnol aq ol upruo^t
plrtl) aql dn s8ur;rq ro slnos '.: -.
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sa)el pue 'asnoll s,3o.r; aq+ Ll ,i:' --
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s,3or; aq] sa)el ar{S 'a1,u -s,Fi,:- ..
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olul sllp] I43 V
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-=
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o] raq sTse orIM (ssa.r8o) upLLIo,!! plo u€ uodn satuoo aqs'II6lN l
lgl'oN'' L96I I[n]S-rr,\oIsL)c -..
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u,no1q) ra^rr e .,(q;;o parrrel sr q)rr.i^r 1ra[qo ue sasol pr8 y (1) AX,ZVAX,I VAX,I S XI'i'\\
:s[uoJ ]uäraJJlp o \^l r.n i1.1arq: q]sr\J älpl '€zz oN '186I Jropsrallol\ '_! .
s1tll '[E'ft6H] preq ;fua,r lro,u ol seLI pue [195] raqlotudals raq iq ''ll66t'9961 ßpuaz'€9€'o\ a--
paleartsru s pr8 y '[Zö) (st tC puppn aqt pltu pu!» aqf '8uudg a47 'oN '996I uaüuaH'qtt 'e€i '_ I . I
rtq uautoX4-8uruwdg a41 ,(1snor,ra td1 sytt1 pltlyun a4+ pua put» aqJ '091"' lZ6I uaüuaH :uurlrra3 : : i _::
08,
sra1q11/ ra8urlre) :q)uarC 1l .. \ -
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1889'oN 'I€6I uPl-ussaM :LISrf.: . r
:uprrrrpe'I lEIZ '8ggI ualalelua1 :LrprrlsnV 1vt0g oN '1667 raS;ag '(Z) Og 'oN
'IZt (966L) 8 I^tE lI at: i
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109'oN'6761 eua{-srlauqrryq7s88rrg:qsr18ug 1'lJ0€€'I JJZ6gI Lraslra}suX:qsILteC
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'J06'9661 s11ey plo8 yo arard e 'adrd sru -:'
zles lq)eqzJnM 1t€9 t€9 (066I) 9 I,{f 1'J9 '966I rPrrLIeU 1fl6l uasu€r}suql 119€ urla ll Luor; tq8rl lou [[l \\ :,: .: -
'I dS 1q062 'qgrc'L '869t AI ''11909 'TI '0t oN 'I JJZBBI plr-l] :sluPrrp /arnlEralrl saTel aH'.rait13r1 ou sELI adtcl .
,
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/seq aLlf 'alu uaLl)]rl .rrr.l ro; -.P :
lsol aLIS lerlm ro; s>lool aLIS [t SZIO] plo8 o1 paulrt ser'l lp]s ar-ls
lred leurs aLIl ler-ll spurJ aLIS ra1e1 ',i1ssa1arel ,ie,r,re srlort{J al{s L{f,IL{rr\
Jo lsolu '(:r1reB 'suoruo 'a8eqre8 'sa,lea1 'lpotr) ssa1tluo,u,illtrarudde 'p"raqdaqs']ue^Jasprelu'laL.: :-. -.
Surqlauros ua^r8 sr alr^\prlu aLIJ'saJrlJas JaLI JoJ luaturted sy runlro; poo8 pa1:adxäun -t...-.
'IeeEs
'9'g'IgtC 'L'Zl€,t'Zltt'g'LBS) r{lrlQ a,rlS (sar.rru1 ,iq paddeupr) Llaaq ernsPall P spurJ pue s1eo.' :.'
sell ollrvr uPuro,\,\ LrPrunli '1urds 1sa.ro1 '11a '1urds ;a1e,u 'Ferup) Suraq 'uolleurrolsL,. -_
iernleuradns u dlaq o] aJrruprur E sr-roluluns (Strraq lernleu;adns dresor e MoJLII o1 seq uos.rad ..,-'
e olur surnl oL{,l,l. lelurue ue) aLroaluos 'pl,toouapun a1q ur altmptyg **glfi olur suJnl ]eLIi Ieol aluos(r-ull.- : -
'i002 :asauppnS'uerreS1y'uuiqrl'ue11d,i83 'y3 '(ra.t1rs) plo8 olur surnl I. .
^rupqs-lj lV
17997 ,{urer,i5-l1 :JInD uersracl 'LrerLrrlsaled '266I eLl)noqpH /pB86I
*-*gll'oN snoueA Jo slslsuof ad{.} srrc. -
I8Z rrBelxl 1o sa1e1 r8z lJ{ ,82 lgc
282 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 28.1

working. In the end she is is rervarded [Qa1] u.ith gold, jewels, etc., No. 78; Jer,r,ish: Haboucha 19y: -
becomes more beautiful [D1860], or jer,r,e1s fall from her mouth emis / Mari: Kecskem6ti / PäL11rr,r-:
1D1454.2). Or, she can choose her rervard and is very modest but the
\o. lq. Kecskemeti / Paurror.
reward changes into r,l,ealth u.her-r she reaches home. Kecskemdti/Paunonen 197 1: t - :-
87ff.; Ceorgian: Kurdovanitlz. l
In some variants she is forbidden to enter a certain room [C611].
1969, No. 196, E1-Shamv 2001; i:,-::
When she breaks this ru1e, she becomes covered with gold and flees.
1907, 203ff ., El-Shamy 200-1; Ic, : -.,-
The grateful animals [8350], objects [D1658], and people of her Marzolph 1984; Indian: Thon.,r-
out\'vard journey help her escape fron-r the demon. Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipor' 19r. -:
After she arrives home, her envious stepmother sends her own No. 28; Chinese: cf. Ting 19. : :
daughter on the same journev. This girl goes through the same Indonesian: Vries 1925f. l, Ntr l:
situations but she refuses help, disobeys, and is unkind. She is Canadiar-r: Delarue / Tenöze 1 :..:=
punished severely (frogs fal1 from her mouth [M431.2], horns grorv man 1.966; Spanish-American l. l.
on her head, or she is disfigured, beaten or ki11ed). In some .,,ariants Nos. **447, **597, 806**A; Ptre:.
the stepmother is also punished. Bolivian: Anibarro de Halusl.rk,, .
In the end the kind young \\roman often marries a prince. 1977,No.58; Argentine: Chertu: ,
Egvptian: Nor,r,ak 1969, Nos. r-:
Cf. Tlrpes 431, 480A, and 1180.
S1-ramy 2004; Moroccan: Norr a. , .
Klipple 1992; Benin: Wekenorr T. .
Combinations: This tvpe is usually combined with episodes of one or more other .

53. 228, 529; Ea s t A fri ca n: A rr ,

types, esp.403,5104, and also 313,408, 428,437,510,511,511A, and 709. .

1992, El-Shamy 2004; Congc,1e..

Remarks: Elements of the tale are documented in 1595 in the comed v The Old
Tanzanian: El-Shamy 2004;,\ I.:.,: .
by G. Peele.
Wii:e s' Tale
Literature/Variants: BP I, 207-227 ,IIl, 457-159; HDM 2 (7931-10) 215-221 (W.
Lincke); Roberts 1958b; Troger 1966; Calame-Criaule 1984; cf. EM 5 (1987) 159- 4804 Girl and Deoil in n St,
168 (M. Rumpf ); Wienker-Piepho 1992; Scherf 1995 7, 67-70, 70-72, 72-74, 793- 1447.) A girl leaves h.::-
795,295f., 309f., 342-346; Dekker et al. 7997,393-395; Röth 1998; EM 8 (1996) r,l.ay she helps some .:'.
1366-1375 (8. Gobrecht); Schmidt 1999; Gral.son 2002; Thomas 2003. night they stay in d -r
Finnish: Rausmaa 1,973c, 122f1., Rausmaa 1982ff .I, Nos. 59, 60; Finnish-Sn,edish: dance with the giri, ti
Hackman 7917f.1, Nos. 79, 81(3,6,19),87(3); Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/ door unles: he gir er
Medne 7977;Lithtanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff .I; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925; Livonian, comes, the demon has :-
Wepsian, Wotiar.r, Lydian, Karelian, Svrjanian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 1974; the house. He loses h: - -
Sr,r,edish: Liungman 1961; Norrvegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Kristensen 787711.V,
No. 17; Faeroese: Nyman 198,1; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929; Irish: O Suilleabhäin /
This is o;1"r1 1sl1r,r, )
Christiansen 1963; English: Baughman 1966; French: Delarue/Tenöze 7964ff .11;
who gives no help trr ,:'
Sparrish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. II, Nos. 480A-D; Basque: Camarena/ T1.pes 431, 480.
Chevalier 1995ff .II, No.480A; Catalan: Oriol/Pujo1 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira
1900ff. II, Nos. 233, 242, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Nos. 480A, Combinations: 5454, 1180, ar.rcl _, .

4808, Kooi/Meerburg 1990, No. 16; Flemisl-r: Mever 1968, Lox 1999a, No.22; Literature/Variants: BP I, 221: _ :
Cerman: Ranke 1955ff .1I,90ff., Tomkoll,iak 7993,218, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 1402 (8. Kerbelyte).
I, No. 24, Bechstein/Uther 7997 I, No. 11; Sr,r.iss: Sutermelster 1869, No. 3; Aus- Estonian: Aarne 1918, 119f. No. :,
trian: Haiding 1953, Nos. 56,72;Italian: Cirese/Serafini7975, Pitrö/Schenda et al. 1977, No. 480III; Lithuanian: Kc::-
1991, No.4, Appari 1992, No.26; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Maltese: Mifsud- Tenöze 7964ff .Il, No. 480B; Portu:.
Chircop 1978; Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Til1e 1929ff. 1,43611.,458f., cf. Il2, 11,5f.; Nos. 137, 54 l. Cardigos (forrhc,,:--
Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 7997f .I, Nos. 155, 769,283,II, Nos. 345, 11,7, 128, 557; No. 480,; Polish: Krzy2anowski . -.
Croatian: Krauss/Burr et al. 2002, No. 38; Macedonian: Eschker 7972,Nos.22,25, rainian: SUS, No. 480C**; Georgi;-
29; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, Nos. 480, ,180A; Bulgarian: BFP, Nos. ,180, .,480,
*,480-,*480--*480r,
Koceva 2002, Nos. *480,-*480n; Greek: Darvkins 1950, No. 25, 480* See 480D*.
Loukatos 1957 , 100f .,236ff ., Angelopoulos / Brouskou 1999; Sorbiar-r: Nedo 1956,
No. 46; Polish: cf . KrzyZanowski 1962f. I, No. 4B0A; Russian, Byelorussian, 480A* Three Sisters Set Out to
Ukrainian: SUS, Nos.480,4B0A; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 59, 68, cf. ar,r.ay the little brother t r
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.
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--
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 FFC 284
284 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC2B4

search him, but pa,v no attention to the requests of an apple-tree, an

blinds him, and €SCäf ;:
(Cf. Type 1137.) He be:=
orzen, etc. , and are overtaken b1, the u,itch. The third does all she is
leaves her she is str a:' -'
asked to do; therefore, the grateful objects help her to recover her
a lion who bring. hrr' l
1ittle brother from the clutches of the n itch. Cf. Tvpe 480.
of his journey w,hi1e :'.
Literature/Variants: the power of intoric...:-
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 7977;Lithuanian: Kerbelr'tö 79991i.I; trVotian, Svrjani.ur:
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Russian, Bl.elorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Chelemis/
(previously T1,pe 485A-).
Mari: Sabitov 1989.
Literature/Variants:
4808* 480D*.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, \r -
See §pe garian: BFP, No. 4854*; Rus..,,:-
Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 485, .lSa l- -
480C* Transporting Wtite Bread to Hell. A poor brother brings his u,eal tht, Sabitov 1989; Yakut: Ergis 19t, ).
brother a gift of coarse u,hite bread (a lamb). The n ealthv brother
says, "Go to hell nith your bread". On his rvay to hell, the poor 485A* See Type 485.
brother meets an old man rvho tells him lr,hat l.re has to do there. He
saves manv sollls from he1l and is rervarded b1, the old man. The 4858* The Pozoer of Dnrnk;t;,-.
rn,ealthy brother also takes bread to he11, but is discourteous to the The animal heiper ':'.:
old man and gets no advice. He falls victim to the devils. Cf. Tvpe death, to praise him. , --,
565. order to justify ancl :.:' -
it is drunk the anr:r-.'
Literature/Variants:
power of drunkerure.. :
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 7977;Lithranian: Kerbelytö7999ff .I; Danish: Gronborg/
Nielsen 1884, 89ff.; German: Plenzat 1927, 15; Bulgarlan: BFP, No. *480C**; Greek:
Literature/Variants:
Anp;elopoulos /Brouskou 1999; Ukrainian: SUS.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. \ \
Portuguese: Soromenho / SorLr r-. ; l
480D* Tales of Kind and Unkind Glrls. (Inclucling the previous \,pes 480* Russian, Byelorussian: SUS: i., .
and 4808*.) This miscellaneous tvpe consists of various tales in 1618*.
n hich an unkind girl (neighboa r,r,ife) rvants to har.e the same re-
r,tard that a kind one received. Howerrer, she is too selfish and is
punished instead.
SUPERNATI. ]
Literature/Variants:
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977, No. *480D*; Lappish: Bartens 2003, No. 30; Spanish: 500 The Name of the Sult*.:
Camarena/Chevalier L9951f . II, Nos. .1B0C, .1B0D; Flemish: Meyer 196E, Nos. stilzchen, Tiillevip, -r .,

4804, 480B; Hungarian: MNK II, No. 481*; Greek: Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1999, spin gold or impo-- -
Nos. *480,,1808, .480D, 480E; Russian: SUS, Nos. 480*, il80*8,,1808*; Byelorussian: daughter because si.r: -
SUS, Nos. 480", 480.8; Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 4E0., ,180.8, '1808.; Jelr.ish: Jason says she will not stor ::
1975, No.4B0.D, Haboucha 1992, Nos.
**504,947C*; G1,psv: MNKX 1, No.481.;
The young wom::r- -
Ossetian: Bjazl.ror, 1958, No. 81; Yakut: Ergs 1907, No. 120; Georgian: Kurdo'anidze i
2000, No. 480C; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, No. 4808, Jason 1989, No.
room to spin [H1021 ::
947C-;Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960, No.4808; Chinese: Ting 1978, Nos. ceeds the king will m.::
480F, 503M; |apanese: lkeda 1971, Nos. 179B*, 4B0A-480D, 480F, 503C, 503D, man) agrees to he1p. i..;
503C, 503H, cf. No. 503F. child (herself) if she c...-'
some variants she ha. _

485 Borma larizhka. (Including the previous Tvpe 485A*.) The tsar The young woman::
sends a man to Babylon to get a cro\{.n. He steals the crown and a year the little malr .

burns the snakes that pursue him. He comes to an one-eyed giant, comes back to take her ::-
para^oJsrp $ aureu ar[+ af,uerp dg de,rte pFqJ rar.{ »Ie} o} T)Eq saruo) 'luer8 paia-auo uE ol saLuol ..-'
pLIe u^4.oJ) aql sleals aH Lr-\': -l
'arueu srq ssan8 lou plnoJ aqs leql urelrar 'ueur aIDII aq] reaX e
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'aun1 3uo1 E Jalre aureu srq raqruorrrar o+ seq aqs sluerJel auros
q'lyZZZS'ZZZS'lZgH\ aur€u srq ssan8 louuer aqs y (11asraq) pUtlo
d1ar1 o1 saarBe (ueu
'c809'l€09 ,J08r'co8r-Yr!: .
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'soN'8161 3ur1 :asaurq3 ,
al++H e) Suaq prqeuradns y 'sarrr aqs raq r(rreru grzr,l,
Strpl aql spaa)
lgp<. I
'oN'6861 uose{'ggg7'oN'i,:-' :
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raqloru aql pue dqaa. slse 8uq aql 'Äze1s1aqs asneraq.ralq8nep :uerssnrolaig 1.g0gt'g.0gl '^ !. ,
raq sleaq raq+oru e /666I nolsnorg/ soinodo1af,1la .. -
'rg 'ured Io slunorue ayqrssodrur ro plo8 urds
uer lalq8nep srq letll slspoq (raqloru) rarlleJ V ('dr,ra1p.r1 'uarlazpls 'soN '896I radayq :r{srluall :C ,:
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699-009 SUgd-IgH
-lVUIlJ.VNUgcInS
sI pue rlsrllas ool sr aqs tarrasol
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.-BI9I
ur salu+ snorJel yo slsrsuoc ad-r
oN '116l epall 'JJ :asauede{ 19961 uose{ :qsr^na{ ISIfS :uerssnro1a.,(g 'uurssn5
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1-gI9I oN '116l aupalN/sfprV:uerl]e1 1€9I 'oN 'L'UZB6I perusne5 :qsruurg
:sluPuP /arnlPrall'I j++)08r*'oN'dCg,rrr*S1l;
:TaarD
:
'ueru aLIl sa.Lr8roy pue sseuua>Iurup Jo ra,nod I ?rcqua t I LISrupC lt'llOOOt ql.itai
ar-11 sa8pal.tou)le lI 'punoq aq Jlaslr slal Ieurrue ali] {unrp sr lr
alrlIJyTLrnrp Ieurrup aql salpr.u aq Jlastuq a^es pue .{;rlsn[ o1 rapro
uI Iunrp sr eLI alrLIM alnr srq] s)Earq ueur aLIJ 'lülq asre;d o1 'r{ieap addl 'y3 'slr^ap aqt o+ ruprl^ slTe:
yo ured uo 'urrq sprqro, uELLr e yo (uori 'reaq) radiaq Ierurue aql ar{+ o} snoaunorsrp sI }nq /[aq o]
('.gtgt addl snor.tard aq+ 3ulpn1tu1) .ssauua4untq lo nmocl aql *gggtr ar{J 'uuur plo ar{l dq papre,rr.a-r s
aH 'ararp op o+ seq ar{ }Eqzvt. um{ §
'ggp addl aag *V98ü rood ar1] 'lla.{ o} le^ srq uO '..p
raq+orq dq+pa,r,t aql '(qurel E) p
'1,II 'oN '1961 sßta:+nIe^ /686I
^olrqes dqlparlr srq s8ur.rq raqlorq rood y
'tl6I uauounpd / I+gtuaIsla) :rre] I / sruaraql 1+V98, 'g8t 'soN 'SIIS :LrerurpDlll
15ng :uerssnrola,{g 1.VgBt'98, 'soN 'SIIS :uerssn5 1*VEgt 'oN AJB :uerre8
-1r-rg!tl6L uauouned/rlalualsra»:uersda,14 119 oN 'I'JJZB6I perusnp5:r{sruuiC
:sluPIIP^/arnlPralrl
'(.y981 adil ilsnor,rard;
'
dlluapuadapur palualurlf,op osle sr ueuro^4. plr.t{ aq} q}p,r aposrda aql :s{rpuay /srluaroqJ lsfls :uErurpr{O 'Lr,:.:-
:uprup[r i5 'uer1o61 1l ]Joot, I '
'1gy ad,{,1'Jl 'Iunrp r.urq sla8 pue 'uorlecrxoluryo ra,r,rod aql
uoq aLI] smoqs aq uorlpf,rJrlsnf u1 '1unrp sr aq alrr-l,tt ,(atrrnof srq;o
'ggp addl 'JJ 'LIrlr \., r,
slspoq aq'8uru.re.,n s,uo{ aq} Jo alrds u1 'auroLl urrq s8urrq oLIM uorl €
raq rd \o)ar o1 raq dlaq s1:..r.:
sdiaq ag'oml ur {qeq aql s>lparq aqs }pq} dr8ue os sr aqs rarl salpai
sI aqs Ie saop prrLil aqI 'Llllr r.. .: _
ar{ uaqM tnq'uel'uo^t pll^,\ E rl}l.\{ pl}lr e sla8aq aH ('l€II ad{1 .y3;
'1uer8 ag] 1o .{11aq aq} rapun a^ef, ar{t tuo.ry sadersa pue /LurLI spullq ue 'aar1-a1dde uE Jo slsanbar at -
782 ICC
982 rr8eyq 1o sa1e1 ,BZ ICC
286 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E1
FFC 284

(by a servant, the husband or the woman herself) when the little
amount of threaci [l, -
man sings it triumphantly in the forest [N475]. When the woman her.
says the correct name to the helper he vanishes or sinks into the She receives help ::
earth [C432.1]. too much spinnins; ::'.
drooping lips, ancl :1'r :
Combinations: 501.
Remarks: Documented by Madame I- H6ritier de Villandoru L'Histoire
In payment she :'-.
de Ricdin-
sees them and excl.:l::-..
Ricdon (1705).
Literature/Variants: Clodd 1898; Polivka 1900b; Polivka1907; Sydow 1909;BP I, ties come from -1.':-. ' .

490498;Lnthi1971.; Röhrich 1972f.;RöhÄch1976,272291,329-331; Scherf 1995 spin again.

r, 25-27 , 154-156, II, 1000-1005, 1090f., 1133-1135, 1208-t21t, 1,23L-t233, cf. L257-
1259; Dekker et aL.1997,297-301,; Röth 1998; E]ll9 (1999) 1L64-1175 (L. Röhrich); Combinations: 500.
Schmidt 1999. Remarks: Early literarv ver'-r. - -

Firrnish: Rausmaa 1982ff .I, No. 62; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I, No. 83(3), Ahentheuerlicher Gluecks-Toi,' . :.: -
95; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö Literature/Variants: Sydorr 1- :
1999tf.I; Lappish, KareliarL Syrjanian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;Swedish: Tavlor); Bottigheimer lq8- I --
Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Grundtvig L854ff.I1, No.309; 222-221,11,1231-7233, cf.10y - :
Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Scottish: Bruford/MacDonald 1994, No. 13; coming).
Sveinsson 1929; Irish: O Srlilleabhräin/Christiarrsen 1963; Welsh, English: Baughman Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ii.1, \-
1966; French: Delarue/Tendze1964ff.II; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995f1.II, 83(3),96; Estonian: Aarne 191S:
' ...

Gonzälez Sanz L996; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Dutch: Geldof 1979, No. 38; 19991f.I; Lappish: Qvigstad l--l
Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968, Lox1999a, No. 15; Luxembourg: Gredt 1974; Swedish: Liungman 1.-,: '
1883, No. 919; German: Ranke 1,955ff . II, Tomkowiak 1993, 248, Kooi I Schuster 1854ff. II, No. 309, Kristense:- : -
1994, No.33, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No.55, Berger 2001;Austrian: Haiding Baughman I9oo, Briggs la-, -. '-
1953, No. 46;Ladlnian: cf. Decurtins 1,89611.II, No. 35; Italian: Cirese/Serafini English: Baughman 1966, Bris:. ,,
L97\;Hrngarian: MNK II; Czech: Tllle1929ff.II2,l29ff.; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä Iqo4ff. tl; Spanish: Cama rr" :
199Lf.I, Nos.76, 160,3L6; Slovene: Schlosser 1956, No.95; Bosnian: Krauss/Burr Portuguese: Braga1987 I,97i. C,. ,-
et aL.2002, No. 39; Greek: Klaar L963,79ff .,MegaslPuchner 1998; Sorbian: Nedo ish: Meyer 1968,Lox 1999a, \,.
1956, No. 47;Polish: KrzyZanowski L962f.I; Russiary Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: No.6, CrimmKHM/Uther 1:-: .

Eberhard/Boratav 1953,411; ]ewish: Haboucha 1992; Gypsy: MNK X L;Tatar: Bigler 1989ff . Il, 556f .; Ladinr,-.-
Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974; Chinese: cf. Ting 1978;lapanese: Ikeda 1971, No. Serafini 1975; Hungarian: \l\-.
812; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tendze1964ff.II; AfricanAmerican: Baughman Ga§parikovä 1991f.1, Nos. 1l: --
1966; Puerto Rican: Hansent95T; Bolivian: Anibarro de Halushka 1976,No.29; No. 35; Bulgarian: BFP; Alb"rni:.:- )
West Indies: Flowers L953;Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004. Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish: :...
Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: cf. Ei.-:- .
500* The Monster Reoeals the Riildle. Students must count the peaks of 1972, 117ff ., Hoogasian-Villa - - -

a mountain range. They go to sleep. A monster watches them and Aramaic: Arnold 1994, No. i3; ::. -

American: Baughman 1966: f-,:.:

thinks they are a multi-headed monster. He says that he walked
Halushka 1976, No. 30;Brazi...--
through all the peaks of the mountain range (naming the number) 1960f .I, No. 47; West Indies: F. -
and had never seen such a strange thing. Thus the students hear and
solve the riddle. Cf. Type 1091.
502 The Wild Ma;n. A kir - .
Literature/Variants:
into a cage, forbi.l .: -
Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 2000, No. 11; Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva2002; Polish: prisoner because lrir :'
Krzy2anowski 1962f . I, No. 377*. for him. The prince r-
(his father drives hrr:- .
king) along with a se:.. ..
501 The Three Old Spinning Women (previously The Three Old Women
prince to exchange cli.:-
Helpers). Through a false boast of her mother lH974l or of a young
The prince become. .
woman herself [H915], she is compelled to spin an impossible
tournament he appe;:.
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288 Hans-]örg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

horse [R222] which he received from the wild man and wins the Hansen 2002,717-157.
hand of a princess. OL he wins the princess because he has helped Finnisl.r: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, -lr'! :
her father in war lL161l. Often the wild man is disenchanted lc677l. 118; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 197, - :
In some variants the prince works for a while at the wild man's 1925, No. 502*; Swedish: L jr-.:'.'
house where he disobeys instructions (e.g. looks into a forbidden Baughman l9oo. Brulurtl V
chamber lc677l, cares for a horse although it is not allowed [8316]) Christiansen 1963; English: 8......
Spanish: Camarena /Cher.alie: - -''
and his hair turns to gold. Cf. Type 314.
Cher.alier 7995f1.1l; Catalan: C:
Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutc:- :
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other
19E4a; Flemish: Meyer 196: l.l.
types, esp. 300,31,4, and also 31,3,31,4A,510, 530, 531,,532,570, and 850.
German: Ranke 1955ff. II, Tr:: .
Remarks: Type 502 is often the first part of Type 314 so these types are not clearly
Crimm KHM/Uther 1996 IIL ),
differentiated. Documented in an Icelandic Saga of the 13th century, see Snorri
triar-r: Haiding7965, No. 10, ; L..-
SturlusorL Heimskringla (1220 I 30).
Cirese / Serafini 197 5, Appari I-- -
Literature/Variants: BP III, 94-114; Hartmann 1936,173f.; Scherf 1995 1,251.-256,
II2,126I.; Slovene: Bolhar 191:, -
541-544, 7 38f ., II, 993-995 ; Röth 1 998; EM 9 (1999) 218222 (G. Dammann).
1950, No. 25, Megas/Pucirrru:.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982fL1, No. 64; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I, No. 97;
Eberhard/Boratav 1953, \tr. :
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne l977;Llthuaruan: Kerbelytö 1999ff.
Gyps1,: MNK X 1; Mongohan: - :
I; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925; Livoruan, Wepsiary Karelian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen
Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzt l::.- -
L974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Grundtvig
1989; Burmese: Kasevic O-i.-
1876ff.I, No. 15; Faroese: Nyman 1984; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansenlg6i;
1979, No. 476; japanese: Ike.r,. -
French: Delarue/Tendze 1964ff. II; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. II, No. 220,
Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Sinninghe 1943, Kooi 2003, No. 11; Flemish:
Canadian: Delarue/Tenözr.' --
American: Baughman 1966. lii---
Meyer 1968; German: cf. Ranke l955ff.I, No. 314, Uther 1990a, No. 54, Grimm
1973; Mayan: Peflalosa 1!r.l
KHM/Uther 1996II, No. 136; Swiss: Uffer 1.972, 1.86ff.; Austrian: Haiding1969,
Bolivian: Anibarro de Haiu>1-..-: :
Nos. 3, 13; Italian: Cirese/Serafiru197l; Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tlllel929ff.
No.31; Chilean: Hansen 19:. -
I,290ff.,II2,278ff.; Slovakian: Ga§parfl<ovä 1991,f.I, Nos. 231, 311,1I, cf . Nos. 374,
Flowers 1953; Algerian: E1-Sh.::" _
487 , 528; Rumanian: Schullerus L928; Brtl.garian: BFP; Greek: Megas / Puchner
lese: cf. Klipple 1992.
1998; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No.48; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; Russiary Byelo-
russiary Ukrainian: SUS; Jewish: ]ason 1975; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Ossetian: Bjazyrov
1958, No. 82; Cheremis lMari: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974,Sabitov 1989;Tatar, 505 The GratefulDend. -'_' _

Vogul / Mansi: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Armenian: Gullakja n 199 0 ; Yakut: and 508.) One introi -.
Ergis 1.967, Nos. 130, 132-134, 208, cf . No. 201; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; parts in which a mar- ' <
Iranian: Marzolph 1984, No. *314; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: very similar.
cf. Ting 1978; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tendze l964ff.Il; West Indies: Flowers Tntroductorv vl- r
1953. While traveling. : -:

buried or is ilI-trea:. --
503 The Gifts of the Little People. A hunchbacked man takes part in a money to pay the rle':-:.
dance of the witches or people from below the earth (elves, fairies, meets the grateful .1.-. -
dwarfs) [F331.1]. He sings their song or adds a missing rhyme or (old man, servant ..
more weekdays [F331.3, F331.4]. As a reward they remove his hump that they will dividc ,.

[F344.1,] or give him gold 1F342.L1. Vain parts:

A greedy neighbor (hunchbacked person) wants to get the same (1) The nrär-r rdrl>,-,rr' :
reward, but he ruins the song or is unfriendly. The little people add slar ery and marrirr :.
the hump of the other man to his owry or give him coals instead of another country, the :.. '
gold[l2a15| Cf. Type 480D.. ship which is embt i.:.
learns that his daugl-Ltc: .
Remarks: Some motifs appear in the 17th century in Ireland and Italy.
wife, he finds that sl.r.
Literature/Variants: BP III, 324-329; Greverus 1955; EM 5 (1987) 637-642 (H.-1.
courtiers. The man .e:-
Uther); Bruford 1994f.; Dekker et aL.1997,375-377; Röth 1998; Takehara 2000;
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' ltZZ 17961 e8urg :asan8n1.ro.1 19697 1otn471or-ro :upletu3 1II Jlg66I .rar1e^aq3
'tl: - -
/ EuareLuEJ :anbseg :966L zues zalezuo) '['11966l.rar1e,\oLlJ / eLrarErueJ :qsruedg
!['ilt96l azaual/anrEIaC:LI)uarC 19961 uer,uq8neg:qsr13u1 1€961 Lrasupr+sr.TrlJ ([9I€S] pamolle Jou sr tr q8nt'.:: :
O :LIsr;rI 199 'oN
/F66I ptELroClEl
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:qsrUo)S 1tr961 ueu,(g :asaolapC 11961 uuur8unr.I :LISrpa^\S 1.209 'oN '9Z6I s,ueLu plr^^ aq] le alrLIM E rol !\ -
pe1s8r,r.§ :qsrddel 1'!!6oil a1.i1aqra; :Lruruprlrl+r-l 1Z6I aupar\/ slery :uer,r1e1 1911 'lttSl) palueqruasrp sr uelx L-rl:
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682 :rtie1r1;o sa1e1 nSz lcJ ,82 ICC
290 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

panion helps him to return to his father-in-1aw's court [R163]. There Möderndorfer 1.957, 1,04ff .; Seri .,
the man discloses his identitrr as the husband of the princess and Djordjeviö 1988, No. 72; Mace.ir:-
gets his bride back. (Previouslv Tvpe 506A.) 505,5068, cf. No. *5068**-; A;:-..
(2) The man rescues a young \,voman from robbers. On their rvav 1950, No. 41, Klaar 1977, Ec:-
home by ship the man is throu,n overboard bv a rival [5142] but is Krzyzanowskil962f.I, No, r, : :
rescued by the traveling companion [R163] and brought to the No.49; Russian: SUS, Nos. 5trrE .

princess. He is recognized bv means of a ring or otherr,r.,ise [H91.4, Nos. 506B,508; Türkish: cf. El.r.::'.
H11.1]. The rival is unmasked and punished. (Previously Type
506, 506.C, 508; Gypsy: N,I\K \., -
5068.)
No. 508; Mordvinian: Kecsken',..
(3) The traveling companion equips the man w,ith a magnificent
horse. A tournament takes place in rt,hich the winner is to marrv a Kurdovanidze 2000, No. 5llS= :
princess 1H972, H331.21. The rnan nins her. (Previouslv Type 508.) No.53; Palestinian: Nou-ak 1.:-
Ending: Nowak 1969, No. 53; Indian. !:
The traveling companion asks for his part of the u.innings and 506,4; Chinese: Ting 1978, \tr :-
r,r.ants to divide the princess (their bab-v) [M241.1]. When the man, II, 406 No. 173; Japanese: cf. Jk.,',-
trying to save the princess, offers the r,r.hole kingdom, the traveling English-Canadian: Halpert \\.-: --

companion reveals himself as the grateful dead man, says his Delarue/Tendze 19641f. IL \ .
demand was onlv a test of faith, and vanishes. Thompson 1919, 404ff .; Fren,.r- -
In some variants the grateful dead man is a saint, r.r,ho helps the Spanish-American: Robe 19;r l l

minican, Puerto Rican: Hait..:-

hero because he has redeemed a saint's picture that was mistreated
506C; Chilean: Hansen 195. . ),
[N848.1]. (Previouslv lvpe 506...) West Indies: Flor,r,,ers 1953, \,r. : .
tian: Now,ak 1969, No. 53, E1-S:-... :
Combinations: 300, 301, 306, 307,326, 400,531, 550, 551, 580, and 857. Eritrean: El-Shamy 2004; Nan.. :
Remarks: Documented rt ith the introductory part in the 2nd centurv B.C.E. in
theapocryphalBookofTobit(1I,3-7),lvithmainpart(1)inl'Hlbrolr; dtJeonde
CaLnis of Madeleine Ang6lique de Gomez (1723), ar-rd l.ith main part (3) in the
506-5068 See Type 505.
13th century in the medier.al novei Rittertreue of the 13th centunf
Literature/Variants: BP III, :190-517; Liljeblad 1927; Röhrich 1962f.11,156-2t2; 506* Prophecy Escaped. :. -'
Tubach 1969, Nos. 1499,2622, cf. No. 2719;EM 3 (1981) 306 322 (L. Röhrich); is foreseen to the ch; -: ,

F{ansen 1995; Scherf 79951,301f.,I1,975-977,993-995,1009-101'1; Dekker et al. old [M341.1.4]. Tht .'
1.997, 77-80; Röth 1998, No. 506; Schmidt 1999, No. 506; Hanser-r 2002, 56-62. favors him becau,.e a : ]
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, No. 65; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Finnish-Sr.t,edish: life and wins a pn '

Hackman 79171.1, No. 103; Lat'ian: Aräjs/Medne7977, No. 506; Lithuauiarr: winnings, so the pryil- -.-
Kerbelytö 7999ff.I, Nos.506,506**,508; Lappish: Qr.igstad 1925, Nos.505,506;
Swedish: Liungman 1961, Nos. 506A, 5068, 508; Norr,r,,egian: Hodne 1984, No. Literature/Variants:
506; Danish: Grundtvig 1854ff. I, Nos.81, 108; Kamp 7B79f.lI, No. 15; Faeroese: Irish: Ö Sirilleabhäin / Christiar-.-.
Nyman 1984, No. 5068; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929, No. 506; Irish: ö Sirilleabh;in / Conzälez Sanz 1996; Catal..in: ,-'
Christiansen 1963, Nos.505,506A+8,508; French: Delarue/Tenöze196lff .Il, Nos. Nos. 65, 181, II, No. 288, Ca:; .
506A, 5068; Spanish: Carnarena/Cher.alier 1995fi.II, Nos. 506, 5064, Gor.rzä1ez
|apanese: Inada/Ozaw a 197, ::
Sanz 7996, No. 506; Basque: Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff .II, No. 506; Catalan:
Oriol/Pujo1 2003, Nos. 505, 506, 506A; Portuguese: Olir.eira 1900ff. I, No. 4,1, 506** See T1.pe 505.
Cardigos (forthcomirrg), No. 506; Dutch: Meder/Bakker 2001, No. 28; Kooi 2003,
No. 8; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Nos. 506, 508, Kooi/Schuster 1993, No. E; Flemish:
Mever 1968, No. 506; Walloorr: Legros 1962, No. 506; Ger,rar-r: Ranke 1955ff. II, 507 The Monster's Bride .

Berger 2001, No. 5064; Sr,r,iss: |egerlehner 1913, No. 142; Austrian: Haiding 1969, This type consists oi - :-
Nos. 89, 172; Ladinian: Decultins 1896{f. II, No. 66, X, No. 16, XIV, 96; Italian: parts. The ending is t,:.,
Cirese/Serafini1975, Nos.505,506,506A,508; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978, No. Introductory part:
506; Hungarian:MNK II, Nos. 506A,5068, Dömötör 1992, No. 506**; Czech: Tille While traveling a ',
7929t1.L 46ttff.; Slo,,.akian: cf. Polir,ka 1923ff.IV,356; Slovene: Kres 5 (1885) 613, unknown man whose :
 'lt'ttZö] srolrparJ dq palearlsrtu se,rt asdror osolp4. Lreur u^,\oLr)un 'gI9 (988I) § sar) :auaÄols ru::
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'II JJ996I a)uEU:uEruraS r., -
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srea.{ sr aLI uarlm SurBueq,{q arp p,r,r plql alil o} uaasaroJ sr 1(rlrurleu'1)ZZE-908 (I8arI .,
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-cl.iS1 l11g 1q€261" suosrpcl :Lrerpra^ ade3 1969'ggE'soN /€96I sra^\olC :sarpul tsäM
109 '8f soN 'I JO96L rpngaq3 :aurlua8ry 1909 'oN /196I uasueH :uealrql 11909
paleaJlsrur se.l\ ]eq] aJnllrd i , -.
oN '266I Esoleuad 'yc :ue.,(u141 1908 oN 'lE6I uasueH :uef,r5 opand ,uerLuLLu
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iv90g 'oN 'II'iln96l azaual/anrelaq :uElrraLuv-qruarC :.yt1t,6t6L uosduroql
:uprpul Lrelrraluv 1gg0g ',vgOg ',gog soN 'II 'JJrg6r azQuar/anrElac stL.l c^PS 'uPLu pPap JnJA.rL..-
'.-[]roN 'soN
:uErppue3-LlruarC 196 'ZZ 'IZ '1 9661 uos,nopplM/+radluH :uerpeuu3-qsr13ug 3ur1a.r.e;1 aql 'uop8uq alol1 ., ::
I
19909'oN ''jJlL6L E,l\pzo/ppeul'0gl oN'116I upa{ .1: :asauede[ ltll .oN 90f ,11 'uPtu allt uaqM 'l I tfzn
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'V909'soN /096I spaqoy/uosdruoql :ue{uE.I uS ,uurpul igg .oN /696I )e^roN
:rbe-ry 1969 '909 'soN /r,002 'ggz oN ,696I lE^,\oN :LrEruilsaled 1€g .oN ('969 addl dlsnor,rar4) 'Jor{ :,.
/696I ^LupLls-If, :uerr.ig 1*g0g .oN ,0002 azpruE^oprn)
TEr\\oN :asaueqaT lü002 e drretu o] sr JauurM aLI] rpr',.
:uer8roa3 :616L nurry1 :uer1o8uoy41
^LupLIS-p1!]lgLZ
'I96L :frqzpeJ 1066I
ue[1e11n3 :r-reruatu.ry 1969 'oN'ü16I uauouned/r]aura)sra) ^ouoruv 1ua:rlru8eu P Lllr,t,r uPLu .rrl- r..
:uerur^prolr'{ 1g0E .oN
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^olrqes ad,(1 ,{1'nor,rärJ) 'prqqrLr r' .- .'
'909 'soN 'egg61 uose{'90E 'q09 'soN '916I uose{ ,969 ,f.90q ,909 ,909 .soN ,996I
uose{ :qsr,lra{ :gLZ'€,9'29 soN /€96l /\eterog/ prpqraqg .Jl :LISqrnJ 1g0c ,g90g .soN 'n'V6iH) asr^4.ral.llo ro 3ur: P r..- : -
'SffS :uerureDln 1g0g'oN'SflS :uprssnrola.ig lggE,8909 .soN iSIfS :uerssnll 16t .oN aql o] lqSnorq Pue [9915] ,.
'996I opaN :uprqros !'16zl'996I r>ls,touezdzr» ,909 .oN ,I.lZ96L DIs^roupzrizr» sl ]nq [ZIIS] Ie^rr e dq p.reo:-.
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sur{^,rec :{aarD 19, 'oN /ZZ61 4]€qtilE.I :uerueqlv t***890g* .oN .Jr ,S90E ,g0g ('b u' : -:
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t
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M
292 Hans-Jirrg Uther FFC 28,1 FFC 284

Later he meets a traveling companion (sen-ant) u.ho lr.ants to help 507C;Czech Tille 1929ff. I,4E3t -
him [E341] on the condition that ther.r,r.ill dir.ide all their r.r.innings 7991f.I, Nos.219, 295, cI. Nos. -
[M241]. Cf. Tvpe 505. 306A"; Bulgarian: BFP, Nos. rr'- '
On their wa.u,, the traveling companion obtains (three) magic Hahn 1918 II, No. 114, Dau-kr:- -
objects (e.g. boots, magic hood, cloak, sabre, feather). The young Puchner 1998, No.507C; Poli=i-. :
man woos a princess rvho is in lor.e r,r.ith a magician (ogre, devil). No.507, cf. No. 507C*, Byeioni.. .

1953, Nos. 62 (4f ., 6f .), 0Z I\- r '.

Her suitors har.e to guess her thoughts three tirnes (bring l-ridden
No.507C; Gypsy:MNK X 1. \ -
objects [H322.1], solr,e difficult tasks). If the1. fail they are executed.
Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti,,' Pai. :-
Maln part: 2000, Nos. 506, 507C; Svri.rr'. :
(1) With the help of the magic objects, the companiorr of the Nowak 1969, No. 288, Ei-Shar -
young man becomes invisible and follorvs the princess on her u.av Shamv 2004, No.507C; Irani.:'
to the magician. There he finds the solu tion s 1H972]. He frees the Lankan: cf. Thompson/ RoL.e: -.
princess bv beating, burning, or killing the n-ragician 1T172.2.71. On 507C, cf. No.507A; French-C: -
the ivedding night the voung man has to submerge the princess (in 507C; US-American: Baugl-rn.,,: -
different forn.rs) three times in a bath to release her from her en- No. 507C; Mayan: Laughlin 1:'--
chantment [D766.1]. (Previousll, §pe 507A.) Cf. Tvpe 306. 1995ff .Il; Argentine: Hansen l; i -
(2) All bridegrooms of a princess have perished during the bridal Tunisian: El-Shamy 2004, \o : - -
night [T172.0.1]. The young man marries her on adr.ice of his corn-
panion. A snake (snakes) comes into the chamber or crar,r,ls out of 507A-507C See Type 507.
the princess's mouth to kill the young man, but the companion kills
it. (Previously Tvpes 507B, 507C.) Cf. \,pes 840, 1145. 508 See Type 505.
Ending:
(Aftera year) the companion demands his half of the r,r,innings
510 Cinderella and Petu .;

and divides the princess in turo parts. Snakes cratr.l out of her bodr.r related tales. Sec , -'--
He puts the halves together and the princess is clisenchanted for-
Literature/Variants: Basset 1 rl -
ever.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. L i::.
In a fer,r,, \.ariants the companion only pretends to divide the Syrjanian: cf. Kecskem6ti P:-.:'
princess [M211.1] to test the faith of the young man, and then dis- 1963; Spanish: Gonzälez S.lr.:
closes his identitv as the grate{ul dead man. Cf. f1,pe 505. Cardigos (forthcoming); Fri:... .

Lrrese/5erdlrnr l9l5; 5ardr:-.. -

Combinations: 306, 307, 571, 970, 945, and 1115. Haboucha 1992; Ossetiar-r: Bi.,. :
Remarks: Documented in the Christian legend of Tobias in the apocr,vphal Book Lebanese, Palestinian, Iracli, P. :..
of Tobit (2nd centurv B.C.E.). Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004; Ir-..: .,
Literature/Variants: Hertz 1893; BP IIt, 83f.; Basset 1924ff . III, 355 No. 210; Lindell et al. 79771f. I, 31it :
Liljeblad 1927; cf . Tubach 1969, No. 3830; EM 3 (1981) 306-322 (L. Röhrich); EM American, Mexican: Robe 1:r-:
5 (1987) 1240-7213 (A. Gier); Scherf 1995 11,906-909,981f.,7227-7231,7266-7270, A1bän 2001, No. 32; West ln: ..
1403-1406; Röth 1998, Nos. 507A,507C; cf. Marzolph/Van Leeuu.en 2004, No. Moroccary Sudanese: El-Shar:-' -
405. Haring 1q82. No. 1.6.r10.
Finnish: Rausmaa 198211.1, No. 66; Finnish-Sr,r,edish: Hackrnan 7917f.I, No. 104;
Latvian:Aräjs/Medne 1977, Nos. 507A-507C, cf. No. *507D; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 510A Cinderella. (Cener.:-
19991t.I, Nos.5074,507B; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925, No.507A; Wepsian: Kecskem6ti/
woman is mistrea:..:
Paunonen 1974, No. 5074; Sr,vedish: Liungman 1967, No. 507A; Norr,r-egian:
and has to live in ti-..
Hodne 1984, No. 5074; Danish: Bodker 1964, No. 50, Andersen/Perlet 1996 I, No.
5; Irish: Ö Siiilleabhäin/ Christiansen 1963, Nos. 507A-507C; English: Baughman stepmother go to .r :-
1966, No.5074; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 7995ff.11, Nos. 507A, 507C; Cata- task (e.g. sorting p. . - '
1an: Oriol/Pujol 2003, No. 5078, 507C; Portuguese: Buescu 7984,128i., Cardigos help of birds [8.1501 :
(forthcoming), No. 507A; Frisian: Kooi 198,1a, No. 5074; Gerinan: Ranke t955ff. natural being [D10i ,
--
II; Italian: Cirese / Seraf ini 1975, No. 507B; Hungarian: MNK II, Nos. 507, 5074- her deceased mothr.r
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 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

the ball. Aprince falls in love with her [N711.6, N711.4], but she has 1979, 3821f .; US-Americar.r: B a.,; : :-
to leave the ball early [C761,.3]. The same thing happens on the next Iqo4ff. ll; Spanish-American: I I
evening, but on the third everlin& she loses one of her shoes [R221, 1973; Cuban, Dominican, Pu.:.
F823.21. 204{f .,Peflalosa1992, No. 51rlr l.
The prince will marry only the woman whom the shoe fits Hansen 1957;Egyptian: Norr
Algerian: El-Shamy 2004; \1.-:
". -

[H36.1]. The stepsisters cut pieces off their feet in order to make
Cameroon: Kosack 2001, 57; Su-:.-
them fit into the shoe [K1911.3.3.1], but a bird calls attention to this
Schmidt 1989Il, No. 1068.
deceit. Cinderella who had been first hidden from the prince, tries
on the shoe and it fits her. The prince marries her.
5108 Peau d'Asne (prer-ic,--' .
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other [Cap o' Rushesl).' C,'--
types, esp. 3271', 403,480, 5108, and also 408,409, 43-1., 450,511,511A,707, and Allerleirauh.) A kir-- : l
923. to marry another r., r,::- '
Remarks: Documented by Basile, Pentamerone (L6) in the 17th century. ticular ring fits). Ber,, -
Literature/Variants: Cox 1893; Singer 1903f.II,111;RPI,165-188; Morosoli 1930; tion, the king r,r,anl. .
HDM 1 (1930-1933) 125f. (S. Singer); Rooth 1951; Ting1974; Lüthi 1980b; EM 3 the wedding, the 1r...:-.
(1981)39-57 (R. Wehse); Dundes 1982; Philip 1989; Belmont 1990; BelmonttggS; sun (gold), the mor.r- -
Scherf 19951,36-39, 46,109f., L5l-154,306-309, 660-664,1I, gS3-gSS, 1351f.; o[ many differerrr ,
Tomkowiak / Marzolph 199 6, 3943 ; Dekker et aI. 1997, 5C'S5; Belmont 1998; Röth provides all these, t:-.. --
1998; Schmidt 1999; Muhawi 2001; Hansen 2002,85-89; Uther 2002b; Thomas
and, disguised in t1-,t - .
2003;Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004, No. 461.
a kitchen maicl ,.j. - .-
Finnish: Rausmaa 198211.1, No. 67; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I, No. 81;
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne t977;Lithtaruan: Kerbelyte 1999ff. When a serie: .- -

I; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925; Livoniary Wepsian, WotiarU Kareliary Syrjanian: ) oung womJll *c(.( .

Kecskem6ti/Paunonen L974; Swedish: Liungman 1961, No. 510A8, p. 132; in love with her l\-
Norwegian:Hodne 1984, No. 510AB; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Scottish: Baughman maid [R255]. On th; :.
1966;Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansenlg63;English: Baughman 1966; F"rench: Dtrring the feasts i-.t : -
Delarue/TenEze1964ff.II; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.11, Gonzälez from, and she gir Er :
Sanz 1996; Basque: Camarena/Chevalier L995If .II; Catalan: Oriol/pujol 2003; the kitchen maid lH,:
Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff.I, No.214, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi/ comes lovesick. L'r i-.;: _

Schuster 1994, No. 10; German: Ranke 1955ff. II, Tomkowi aktiSS, Z4Bf ., Grimm into his soup (brea.t
KHM/Uther 1996 I, No.21; Swiss: Sutermeister 1869, No.34;Austrian: Haiding
Sometimes the r. - ='
1953, No.52; Ladinian: Decurtins 1896ff.1l, No. 10O K1ndIL992, No.3, Decurtins/
Brunold-Bigler 2002, No. 127; Italian: Cirese/Serafin119ZS, Pitrö/Schenda et al. or dressing inrte.r.:
1991, No. 1; Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 13; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Hun-
garian: MNK II; Czech: Tllle 1929f1.I, 381ff .,1I1, 242ff .; Klimovä 1966, No. 13; Combinations: 403,510A, 5,, -
Slovakian: GaSparikovä 1991f.I, Nos.36, 82,283,31,0, cf. No. 154, II, No.564 cf.
Remarks: This form of the ir.i..
No. 581; Slovene: Nedeljko 1889,13ff.; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928;Bulgarian: after the death of his u,,ife) i-
century.
BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek: Hahn 1918 I, No. 2, Dawkins 1953, No. 2L, Megas I
Puchner 1998; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 50; Polish: Krzy2anowski 196rt. I; Literature/Variants: Cor l S:.:
Voretzsch); Rooth 1951; Hager-. ,: -
Russiary Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No.60;
jewish: |ason 1965; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Mordvinian: Lüthi 1980b; Karlinger 1981; \1 .
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; Yakut: Ergis 1967, Nos. Ikeda 1991; Tangherlini 199-1; S::'.:
119,216; Uzbek: Keller/Rachimov 2001, No. 19; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; 660-661, rr, 978-922, 1178-11s 1 .' .
1998; Schmidt 1999; Muhau'i l
Lebanese: Nowak 1969, No. 196, cf. No. 188, El-Shamy 2004; palestinian: El-
Shamy 2004;Iranian: Marzolph 1984, No. *5104,; Indiän: Thompson/Roberts Firurish: Rausmaa 79821f.1, \; -
1960, Blackburn200L, No. 26; Chinese: TtngL978, Bäcker 1988, No. 21; Korean:
81(23); Latvian: Aräjs/Medne -,-'
Choi1979, No. 450; Japanese: Ikeda 1971.;English-Canadian: Fauset 1931, No. 2; Wepsian, Wotian, Karelian: Ke..,
French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 1,964ff .II; North American Indian: Thompson 1961, No.510AB, p. i33f.; Norrle: ,
I85+ff. Il. \o. 7, Holbek l9og, r.
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.
.
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:uerue[r,{5'uprlaJe)'uer1o_1r_ -.
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1I8 'oN 'I'llL6L uerul)eH :u!r'--:
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se s)rom '[l't'tZgt'E l'IZgJ'I'IZg)] uqs d13n ar{} uI pasp8s1p ?ue seuloql 1qZ00Z raqln 168_i! :
'f 'lcf
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aq ralJv '(poor* 1o Surraaoc e) rnJ Jo spul{ luara};rp dueur 1o :'JtgtL '996-t96'1r't99-O9e -: :
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aql a{I sassarp .raq arr€ ol rult{ $lse ueurorvr Sunod aq1 €urpparrt aql e I,\l rq086 I lrltnl 1fl6t SLri_
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-red e ruotluvr) sr ags se Iryrlneaq se sr oqzvr ueruo^r. Jaqloue d-rreur o1
d1uo [SSZrn[] paqqteap raq uo a]I,l,r sr-q sasrurord 3ur1y ('qnerra1ra11y
pue 't)t'YILg'ILg'09ü 'Ie t :
raqlo aroul ro auo Jo saposrda --,
fn{ Io spul) ilV'ur1g da>1uoq'sar{sn5,o dea)'[sa4sny,o da3]
sru1g lo pua 'napg {o 'ptog lo ssat1 aW dlsnor.Lard) ausvtp naacl g0IS 'Jat{ sarllELL.
sarrl 'acurrd ar{t tuorJ uapLrr.!l
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1pgg7 drueqg-It'96I'oN '696I )elvroN :up)rorol4l 17gg7 drueqg-1g :uerra81y aIeul ol Japro uI laal Jlaqr --
,.
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296 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

English: Baughman 1966; French: Delarue/Tendze 1.964f1.II; Spanish, Basque: godmother), who gr .
Camarena/Chevalier L995ff.II; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira work. The stepmotl.r r.
1900ff.1, No. 14, Il Nos. 226,292, Cardigos (forthcoming); German: Ranke 1955ff. sends her one-, trr tr- -.
II, Tomkowiaklgg3,249, Grirrrm KHM/Uther 1996II, No. 65, Berger 2001, No. find out. The girl sr-:.
510; Ladinian: Decurtins L896ff.XIY,99; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1.975, Appari
they learn nothins. :- - .
1992, No.53; Corsican: Ortoli 1883,88ff., Massignonl963, Nos.22, 72;Sardirian:
Cirese / Serafini; Maltese: Mifsud-Chirc op 1978; Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tille
Eyes [F512.2.1.1], r,, r-.

1929ff.IlL,glff., Klimovä 1955, No. 14; Slovakian: GaSparikovä 1991,1.1, No. 165, The stepmother ;-
II, No. 554; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, No. 871*; Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; the girl iells the .rrr '
Greek Hahn 1918 I, No. 2T,Dawkins 1953, No.40, Megas/Puchner 1998; Sorbian: testines, or not to e.:: .

Nedo 1956, No.51; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; Russiary Byelorussian, Llkrain- (apple tree) grorr. '

ian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 189, cf. No. 155 V; ]ewish: Noy D7470.21.
1963a, Nos. 38, 39, Jason 1.965,1.988a; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Adygea: Alieva 1986; A rich man noti- -
Mordvinian: Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974;ArmeniaLn: Gullakjan 1990; Georgian: sisters try to pick o::= .
Kurdovanidze2000; Syriary Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004; Ararnaic: Arnold 1994, can pick the fruit 'l:
No. 6; Saudi Arabian, Kuwaiti, Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph1.984;
Indian, Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Blackburn 2001, Nos. 40, lL762l. Often the trr- .-
51.;
stepsisters are pu;-. -
Chinese: Ting1.978; Japanese: lkeda-1.97L; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze
19 64ff . II; US-Americary African American: Baughman t966; F rench-American:
Sometimes, the :-
Delarue/Tendze 1.964ff. II; Spanish-Americary Mexican: Robe 1973; Cubary discovers [heir :r - .

Dominican, Puerto Rican: Hansen1,957; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992, No. 510; Pana- forests [F811.1]. Ir, .: -
maniary Bolivian, Chilean, Argentine: Camarena/Chevalier L995ll.ü Brazilian: the leaves [C513], ':'-r.
Alcoforado/A7bän2001, No. 33; West Indies: Flowers 1953;Egyptian, Algerian: comes and fights r.. .: -
El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Nowak 1969, Nos. 85,104, El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese: comes ths 6611,, r,,'itt: -
El-Shamy 2004. some part of its bt .i.. '
[8505, BI I 5]. r Prcr -
5L0B* The Princess in the Chest A widowed king wants to marry his Or, the cor,r, dres ,.: .
daughter. She demands that he give her a magic golden chest to heaven. (Previ, . -
(golden lantern). On their wedding day, she hides herself in the ]n some vArianr. '
chest. The father sells the chest to a prince (it is cast into the sea, She promises to tak. -
where a prince finds it and brings it into his house). When the prin- her mother by lrar, --
cess secretly comes out and eats his food, he discovers her and falls her neck. Cf. Tr pr -- '
in love with her. In other variarLt: ..
The prince's fianc6e discovers the princess and sends her away. cow, she tries to kil1 ::-.
The prince becomes lovesick and the princess brings him food in A dog warns the e::
which she has hidden a ring of the prince. He finds her and marries and the next dar. thc :.
her. licks the ashes, a.--: '
home, the girl in tht : :
Remarks: Documented 1550 by Straparola, Piaceooli notti (I,4).
punishes the stepr:'
Literature/Variants: BP IV 180.
French: Cosquin 1.886f.I, No. 28; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900tf.II, Nos. 322,429,
Combinations: 300, 313, 31-1. r --
Cardigos (forthcoming), No. *5108*; Bulgarian: BFP, No. *5108*, Koceva 2002,
Remarks: Documented in 15c --
No. *5108*; Russian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 244;lewish
Literature/Variants: Cox 1E9l l.:
]ason 1965, No.510*C, Jason1975, No. 510*C; Moroccan: cf. Nowak 1969, No. 104. 1(1930-33) 482484; Rooth 19r-
-
42,7797-1203 (S. Schmidt); Sc1.,.
511 One-Eye, Two-Eyes, Three-Eyes. (Including the previous Types 692,II, 1039-7041, 1101-1105, 1 I = -
452C*,511A, and 511A..) A girl (boy) has a stepmother who does not 1998, Nos. 511, 5114; Schmiclt i:-
give her enough to eat but makes her herd cattle and spin a great Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, No. ..,
amount of flax. She tells her sorrows to a (little colored) cow (red ox, Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: ---:
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2L)8 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2B'I FFC 284

Kerbelytö 7999ff . I, Nos. 452C*, 511; Livonian, Wepsian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 1958, No. 84; Armenian: Gr-rll..... ..
1974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norr,r,,egian: Hodne 1984, No.511A; Faeroese: tinian. Iraqi, Persian Guli, Q...:.::
Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929, No. 302I*; Irish: Ö Stiilleabhain/ Inada / Ozarv a 1977 If .; Brazi.-.. :-
Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tenöze 1964fi.II, Nos. 511, 511A; Sparrish: Algerian, Moroccan: El-Sh.rn- _

Camarena / Chevalier 19951f . II, No. 51 1 A, Gonzälez Sanz 7996, Nos. 511, 511 A; African: Lambrecht l9b:. \., ',
Catalan: cf. Oriol/Pujol 2003, Nos. 511, 511A; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. II, No.
226, Cardigos (forthcoming), Nos. 511A, 511A*; Dutch: Sirrninghe 1943; Frisian:
Kooi 1984a; Cerman: Ranke 1955ff. II, Grimm KHM/Uther 7996 Il, No. 130;
5134 Six Go through tlrt \t
Austrian: Haiding 1953, No.50; Italian: Cirese/Serafini7975, Nos.511,511A,
quires many (six ) t:: -
511A*; Corsican: Ortoli 1883, B1ff.; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini. No.511A*; Maltese: [F601]: e.g. one \r h.. .-:
Mifsud-Chircop L978, No. *511A; Hungarian: MNK II, Nos. 511, 511A; Slovakian: IF032, F633], t,n,
Ca§parikovä 79971. Il, No. 584; Bulgarian: BFP, No. 511A, cf. Nos. *511A**, [D2744.1.2], one rr 1-
*511A***, Koceva
2002, No. 511, cf. No. *511A**; Greek: Megas/Puchner. 1998; au,,ay [F661.5.3], on.
Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 52; Polish: Krzy2anor,r.ski1962l.I; Russian, Byeiorussian: who can make hirtr..
SUS; Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 511, 511A; Jew.ish: Nov 1963a, Nos. 17, 25, Jason 1965, roots [F621]. In or.t:
No. 511, Jason 1975, No. 511A; Gypsv: MNK X 1, No. 511A; Advgea: Alieva 1986; him, the sold ier rr- . -
Chuvash: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 197;l; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti /Paunonen has agreed to mar:-. -..-
1974, Nos.511,5114; Yakut: cf. Ergis 1907, Nos. 164, 218,279; Kalmyk: Lörincz
The king pernr .- -

1979, No. 511A*; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Lebanese, Palestinian, Jordaniary

overtakes the pri.r. --
Iraqi, Saudi Arabiary Kurvaiti, Qatar: E1-Shamy 2004, No. 5114; Indian: Thompson/
Roberts 1960, Nos. 511, 511A, Jason 1989, Blackbr-rrn 2001, No. 37; Burmese: cf. time by the sharp=:-.
Kaseviö/Osipov 1.976, No. 161; Pakistani, Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; king assigns other :.-..
Chinese: Ting 1978, Nos. 511, 511A; Japanese: Ikeda 1971; English-Canadian: H11421, which the .,,-
Halpert/Widdowson 7996 I, Nos. 23, 24; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze [H1511], which thr :.
7961ff. II, Nos. 511, 511A; North American Indian: Thompson 1919, 415; US- offers the soldier .... --
American: Baughman 1966, Nos. 511,511A, Perdue 1987, Nos.3A-E; Spanish- carry [cf. H1127) t: - -
American: Baughman 1966, Robe 1973; African American: Baughman 1966; companions ruin tl-.. ,
Mexican: Robe 1973; Cuban: Hansen 1957, No. **542;Brazilian: Alcoforado/ The same mur,.-
Albän 2001, No. 32; West Indies: Florvers 1953; Egvptian: Nol,l,ak 1969, No. 63, El- (young man)ir I,'. . '
Shamy 2004, Nos. 511, 511A; Tunisian: El-Sham1.200,1; Algerian, Moroccan: E1-
help him accompli:. -
Shamy 2004, Nos. 511, 511A; Sudanese: E1-Shamr. 2004, No. 511A; Namibian:
to marry the prin,, --
Schmidt 1989 II, Nos. 1070, 1071; South African: Grobbelaar 1981, Schmidt 1989
II, No. 1070, 1071.
Combinations: 3004, 725, E:. .-
Remarks: Doctrmented in .t ;.
5114 See TVpe 511.
by Basile, Pentamerone (lll,t t.
Literature/Variants: Charrr i:' :
511A* See Type 511. 556-558; Tubach 1969, No. t-:t :
671f ., 615-620, 637-612, rI, Slt_ . =
5L2* See Type 545A*. 7997, 426-430; Röth 1998; Sci-::-
(forthcoming).
513 The Extraordinary Companions.Ihis type number refers to a cycle Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, \i -
of related taies. See esp. Tvpes 513A-5138. Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: _-,:
I; Livoniary Wepsiary Karelian: r.
Literature/Variants: 1961, No. 513A8; Irish: ö Srir ...
Lappish: Qvigstad 1925; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Scot- Tenöze 19641{.L No. 513; Sp.rn1.:-
tish: McKay 1940, No. 3; Portuguese: Oliveira 1q00ff. I, No. 102, II, No. 317, 1996; Basque: Camarena/Chtr ,:.
Carcligos (forthcorning); Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Mer.er 1968; Italian: Cirese/ Kooi 2003, Nos. 9, 70, 111; Fns,-:-
Serafini 1975;Czech: Tille 1929ff. I,253if.,II 1,303ff.,373f.; polish: Krz\,2anorvski Laport 1932, No. *513C; Germ.rr.
Ic)(.2f. l;Jer,r'ish: la'orr 1905, 1q7i, lqSBa; Cr psv: MNK X I;O*etiari: Biazvror KHM/Uther 1996 II, Nos.71. -:
Cirese/ Seraf ini 7975; Corsican: l
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300 Hans-lcirg Uther fFC 28.1 FFC 284

Czech: Tille1929f.1,248,253,II1,303ff.; Slovakian: GaSparikovä 1991f.I, No.80, 1986, No. 17; Spanish: Camarei-:
II, Nos. 453, 516, cf. No. 378; Slovene: Flere 1931, 42ff .; Serbian: Eschker 1992, Nos. Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: l
24,38;Croahan: Bo§kovi6-Stttlli1975b, No.33; Macedonian: Eschker1972,No.27; KHM /Uther 1996 II, No. 6-1, IIr
Rumanian: Schullerus 1928;Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Albanian: Camaj/ No. 39, Polsterer 1908, No. :r ,
Schier-Oberdorffer1974, No. 1; Greek: Hahn 1918 II, No. 63, D1ller1982,No.33, Corsican: Massignon 1963, \i -
Megas/Puchner 1998; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 54; Russiary Byelorussiary I, No.33, Mifsud-Chircop 19, !r -
Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 77,86[V, 197 lll (5-6); Djordjeviö / Milo§evi6-Djorclj e
Gypsy: MNK X 1; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Cheremis / Mari, Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti / Mrazovii 1905, 117ff .; BulgarL....-
Paunonen !97 ;Yakut cf. Ergis 1967, Nos. 96,154;Uzbek Laude-Cirtautas1978, Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 53; Rr-:,..
No. 23; Buryat: Lörincz 1979 ; Mongolian: Ldrincz 1979, Nos. 513A, 670C*; Tuva: 7975,7988a; Gypsy: MNK X 1 -- :'
Taub e 1,97 8, Nos. 3 Z 38; Georgian: Kurdovanid ze 2000 ; Iranian: Mar zolph 1984; 7967,309ff., cf. Lüders 1921. \-' -
Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1950; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov L976, No. 173; 3; English-Canadian: Halper:
Nepalese: Unbescheid 1982 No. 20; Korean: Choi 1979, No. 287; English- Delarue/Tendze 7964fl.II; LS- - -
Canadian: Halpert/Widdowson 1996 I, Nos. 25-28; North American Indian: French-American: Delarue, Te:-..-,
Thompson 1919, 345ff.; US-American: Baughman 1,966; Spanish-American, Guatemalan: Lara1.982, No. >
Mexican: Robe 1973; African American: Burrison1989,35f.; Dominican, Puerto tq53; Cape Verdian: Par>onr .--'
Rican: Hansen1957; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992; Chllean: Hansen 1957, Nos. 5134,
513**C; Argentine: Chertudi 19601.1, No. 50; West Indies: Flowers 1953; Cape 513C See Type 531.
Verdian: Flowers 1,923b l, 244 not. 4; Sudanese, Congolese: Kllpple 1992;
Namibiary SouthAfrican: Schmidt 1989 ll, No. 1073; Malagasy: Klipple1992.
513C* See Type 653.
5138 The Land anil Water Ship. Aking offers his daughter in marriage
51.4 The Shift of Sex. A k,-.-
[H335, H331] to whoever can build a ship that can travel on land as
a son to war (neeclr .' -
well as in water [D1533.1.1]. Three brothers attempt this task, but the
allowed to pretenc'1 :- :
older two are unkind to an old man (little man) who asks what they
which her father:.:.
want to do. The third who answers honestly gets help from the old
goes to the war.
man and is then able to build the ship (in one night) [N825.2]. The
old man also tells him to take with him anyone whom he meets.
In some variant: : -
husband's anger, p:.::
These turn out to be men with unusual abilities [F601]. See Type
reasons a woman .i -:.
5134.
world.
When the young man brings the ship, the king is amazed, but
The woman in :: r
since the yor.rg -ui is of humb"le origiru he glrres lim further (diffi- deedsand/orgoer ..
cult) tasks to prevent the marriage. The young man accomplishes
the king falls in 1or'-
them all with the help of his companions [F601.2] (see Type 513A)
in man's clothing rr -. -
and marries the princess [L161].
to get rid of the "se: :-
Combinations: 570,571,, and 610. woman is able to ac: *-:
Remarks: Magic ship documented in the Argonautika of Appollonios Rhodios (ca. helpers, the hor'e, . '
250 B.C.E.). In some variant: ::-.
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. I,191-195;BpIt, g9-44,tr1,272f.; Roberts which had been dor-::.-
1964,36-39; Scherf 1995 I1,1277-1280,1.342f .; Dekker et al. L997, 426430;Röth her behavior in a ga -.:
1998; EM: Schiff zu Wasser und zu Lande (forthcoming). brothers of the prin. --
Finnish: Rausmaa 19821f.1, No.71; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 19l7l.I,No. 109b; At the end of the -..
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Llthuanian: Kerbelytö1999ff. formed into a man, T:- ,

I; Lappish: Poestion 1886, No.24, Qvigstad 1927ff.I1, No.26, III, No.57; Karelian:
Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Sw edish: Liungman 1 96 1, No. 51 3AB; Norwegian: [D11] or a saint's hei:
Roberts 1964,361f., Hodne 1984 No. 513; Danish: Kristensen 1.BBLff.IV No. 63;
happy with her hu:t-al .
Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929; ScotLish: Campbelt 1890ff. L No. 16; hish: ö Sriilleabhäin/ parents are happv tha: -
Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tendze1964fl.II, No. 513, Coulomb/Castell
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302 Hans-]örg Uther FFC 284 FFC 28.1

Combinations: 884. 8B4A; Syrian, Yemenite: El-Sh;.:-

Remarks: Great variety of motifs in different episodes. Some variants lack the \o. 5,l2*C, cf. No. 8B4A; Braz
change of sex. Some motifs appear in earlier Oriental tales, but literary versions 2001, No. 60; Chilean: Camar..:-.,,
of this type first appear ir.the 17thl18th century. Moroccan: El-Shamy 200-1, \i, .
Literature/Varianis: Chauvin 18g2fl.y[l,43f. No. 11; BP II, 58,85-87,g3,I1t,24,
r

84f .;IJDM2(193440)570-580; cf. Tubach 1969, No. 1915; EM 5 (1987) 168-186 (R. 515 The ShepherdBoy, Ä
Wehse); EM 5 (1987) 113+-1138,1140f.; Köhler-ZnlchlShojaei Kawan 1991,11,8f .; _

objects (of giass) rr1- - : -

Röth 1998; Papachristophorou 2002, 201-224.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ft. I, No. 72; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1,977; Lithuanian: to reward him [e1l ".
Kerbelyte 1999ft.I; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Kristensen 1881ff. IV No. fulfills three tasks. F-_
71; Scottish: Campbell 189Off.IV No.3; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansenlg63; fined. He rescues he : .

Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier l995fl.Il; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff.II, No.300,

Cardigos (forthcoming); Walloon: Legros 1962;German: Lemke L884ff.II, No. 3; Remarks: Known mainlt. in :r..
=.-
Austrian: Haiding 1,953,471; Italian: Cirese/SerafinlL975, De Simone 1994 I, No. eiements well known irr othc. :

64;Hungarian: MNKII, Dömötör 1992, No.411; Serbian: Öajkanovi6 1927,No.48; Literature/Variants: Liijebl.-l; - -

Croatian: Bo§kovi6-Stu11i1963, No. 62; Bosni anDizdar 1955,l55ff.; Macedonian: Srvahn).

Eschker 1972, No. 38, Vroclavski1979f., No. 15, Popvasileva 1983,Nos.37,69, Livonian: cf. Loorits 1926; Sr,, .: .
VraZinovski 1986, Nos. 27,28;Rumanian: Schullerus 1928,Birlea\966II, 1.49ff., 1968, No.515*".
158ff.,429ff.; Bulgarian: BFP; Albanian: Dozon 1881, No. 14; Greek: Hahn 1918 I,
No.58, Dawkins 1953, No. 46,Laogräphia10 (1962) 438ff.; Polish: Krzy2anowski 516 Faithful lohn. Apn:-.:.
1962f .I, Krzyäanowski L965,93ff.; Byelorussian: Löwis of Menar 1914, No. 31; distant land becaL: -.
Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 97; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Dagestan: Chalilov 711.2.11, or sa\,\,her r:- .,
1965, No. 47; Ossetian: Britaev/Kaloev 1959, 245ff., Bjazyrov 1,960, No. 10; brotheq. a dead n1ärL .. .
Abkhaz: BgaLba1959,174ff.,5akry11975, No. 37; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Armenian: helps him in ihir;.1;--,
Gullakjan 1990;Kara-Kalpak Volkov 1959,25{f.; Buryat: cf. Eliasov 1959I,83ff.,
the princess on a sh;r- ...
113ff.; Mongolian:Llrincz 1979; Ceorgian: Kurdovanid ze 2000; Iranian: Marzolph
1984; Indian: Hertel 1953, No. 76, cf. No. 14, Tauscher 1959, No. 12; Malaysian:
statue o[ an anima] 'f
Hambruch 1922, No. 41; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tendze 1964ff .II; Chilean: kidnapped or goer .

Pino Saavedra l960If .I, No. 5Z III, No. 255; West Indies: Flowers 1953; Cape On the way back ::-
=
Verdian: Parsons 1923b 1,281; Central African: Lambrecht 1962 No. 3590 (3). 81431) [N151] propl-....
that threaten thc L.r;.:
514** AYoung Woman Disguised as e Man is Wooed by the Queen (pre- but also thaI anr orr. .

viously The Court Physician). (Including the previous Types 881* dangersareahor.. ...
and 884A.) A young woman in man's clothing [K1837] works as a bridegroom, poirtrrr, .:
doctor [K1825.1.2] (messenger) for a king. The king's wife falls in a dragon who will krl. ::-.
love with the doctor but is repulsed (accuses him of attempting to When the helper :: -
seduce or rape her [K2111]). Angry, she sets an impossible task, excessive and irratior-r: -

which the doctor must perform on pain of death. Often it is to enable falI on the bride,s bre._ r
a dumb person to speak. The dumb person reveals the intention of sucks them out of her .:-
the queen, who is executed. The king marries the young woman construes this as a rL r . .

who had posed as a doctor. Cf. Types 880, 881, 881A, and884. [N342.1]. Before the s..:- _
[C423.4] and is turnerr :
Literature/Variants: Chauvin1.892ff .II, 187 No. 38,V,204ff . No. 120; EM 5 (1987) The prince and hi: ,,.. .

141-144 (I. Köhler); Scherf 1995 I,210-213. (in a dream) that he car-. --:
Spanislr, Basque : Camarena / Chevalier 19951f . II; Catalan: cf . Oriol / Pujo | 2003, cf. own children. He kills .:-
Nos.514**,881*,884A; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. I, No. 100, 1,28,1I, No.279, their blood [E113, D76t, _
Cardigos (forthcoming), No. 8844; Italian: Cirese/Serafirul97l, Appari 1992, No.
revives the children.
1, De Simone 1994II, No. 80; Albanian: cf. Camaj/Schier-Oberdorffer 1974, No.
40; Greek: Dawkins 1953, No. 47;lewish: |ason 1965, No. 8844, ]ason 1975, No. Cf. Types 505, 507, a:- -
 'oN 'El6I uose{'ypgg .o_\ !-
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srq Suraurraes dq ag1 o1 >lreq puarrJ srq Surrq uec aq leql (urearp e ur)
sra^o)srp acur.rd aql radlaq aq+ urnou alIM slq pue arurrd agl (186r) 9 ]ltg lozroN 'JItoc .'. :.
'[7ySO] dals dq dals auols o] paurn] s pue ltr'97tr31
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.
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:ueruaurrv 19g6I e^arlv :eaS.i':i _
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1t'oN'II 'JJtBgI a1tua.I :uplu:.r:- -
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--
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_
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upqlv / operoJorlv '9 'oN 'opnrsE) / oraruou :ueqrzprg lvfgg 'oN ',r ')*ZIg 'oN aqi pPI sluErJEÄ auog .saposr.i; ,
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304 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other a true friend is ont- r. :-
types, esp. 302, and also 300, 301,3028,303,400, and 408.
half [H1558.0.1.1]r, -
Remarks: Complete version in Basile, Pentamerone (IY,9).
Literature/Variants: Köhler et al. 1,894,2415;BP l, 42-57; Rösch 1928; Krohn friend is killed (r.er.
1931.a,82-89; Thompson 1951.,1L1-113;EM7 (1993) 601-610 (C. Shojaei Kawarr); children of the r or,,l:
EM 7 (1993) 1267f.; Scherf 1.995 II, 955-957 , 973-977 , 1240-1243; Cardigos 1996, his friend IS2b8] f ,-
91-120,223-230; Baumann 1998b; Röth 1998; Shojaei Kawan 2004,290-236. Cf. Types 303, ri.:
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff I, No. 73; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I, No. 106;
Estonian: Aame 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Li*ruaruan: Kerbelyte 1999ff. Remarks: Documented ca. l -
I; Livoniary Lappish: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Sw edish: Liungman 1961; carissimorunt Central motii> ,:
Norwegian: Hodne 1984,206; Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1d63; French: property of blood oI innocsr :

Delarue/Tenlze 1964ff. II; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 199\ff.II; Catalan: language countries. The name. -
Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1,900ff. I, Nos. 24, 224, II, No. 439, tian legend and subsequent re-.
Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Stalpaert 1977,206ff.; Literature/Variants: Chaur.ir-r i : :_
German: Ranke 1955ff. II, Grimm KHM/Uther 1,996 l, No. 6, Berger 2001; 763-173; Wesselski 1909, No. 1t :
Ladinian: Decurtins 1.896ff.II, No. 10; Austrian: Haiding 1953, No. 6i;It.alian: 1 (1977) 454-463 (L. Denecke
Cirese/Serafini1.975; Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 1.[;Hungarian: MNK II; Feistner 1989; EM 7 (1993) 11t-
Czech:T1lle1921,201ff.,Tille1929ff.Il2,173fl.;Slovakian: GaSpärfkovä 1991t.1, French: Tegethoff 1,923 I, 724ii :.:
No. 261, cf . II, Nos. 377, 529; Rumanian: Schullerus 1,928;Brtlgarian: BFi Koceva Webster 1877,202ff .; Catalar: ,

2002; Albaruan: Lambertz 1952,24ff.; Greek: Hahrr 1918 I, No. 29, Dawkins 1950, No. 276, Cardigos (forthcomi:- :
No. 2, Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzyäanowskilg6lf.I; Russiary Byelo- Decurtins l896ff . ll, No. ql; L ..
russian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 214; Jewish: Jason Hungarian: MNK II, No. 516D- _
1965,1988a; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; 1978, No. 198; Slovakian: poli.. ..:
Yakut: cf. Ergis1967, Nos.154, Zt2,ZZZ; Georgian: Kurdovanidze2}}ö;Syrian: Sarian, Lebanese, palestinian l.:
Nowak 1969, No. 133, El-Shamy 2004; Lebanese: Nowak 1969, No. 133; persian 2004; Spanish-American: cf. Espr:-
Gulf, SaudiArabian, Kuwaiti, Qatar: EI-Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 2004; Moroccan: cf. Nowak 19o,
1 960; Chinese : Trng 197 8; Laotian: Lindelt et al. 1977 ff . II, 108ff .; French-Canadian:

Delarue / Tendze 1.964ff . II; US-American: Baughm an 1966; Spanish-Americary 517 The Boy Who Urderst,,.,
Mexican: Robe 1973; Dominicary Puerto Ricar: HansenlglT;Brazilian: Cascudo Boy zoho Learned lItir
1,955b, 148ff .; Chilean: Pino Saavedra1960ft.II, No. 81; Argentine: Hansen 1957, learned) the languae=
Chertudi 1960t.I,94ff.; West Indies: Flowers 1953; Cape Värdian: parsons 1923b to tell what he has hea:;
1,223,229; Egyptiar; Libyan, Algerian: E1-Shamy 2004.
birds' prophecy [81_1i i.
before the son (u.i11 se:-
5164 See Type 861.
hands). The father pr,r._:.
to kill him) [M373].
516B See Type3028.
The son is rescuetl ...*
hearing what birds sa-,
516C Amicus anil Amelius (previously St. f ames of Galicia). Two friends
him. The son is hon. l
who look exactly alike assist each other in time of need. When one
marries a princess. ir.r :
of them, in elder versions narned Amelius, is challenged to a sword-
parents, who serve hin-. ,
fight, the othe1, Amicus, who is a better swordsman, takes his place.
671, 6718*,725, and i>-
Amelius remains behind with Amicus,s wife, and puts a sword in
the middle of the marriage bed at night [T351]. Amicus wins the Combination s: 67 1, 7 81.
fight for his friend. Late1, Amicus contracts leprosy. An angel tells Remarks: Documented in the -S.
them that he will be healed if he bathes in the blood of Amelius,s Scala coeli (No. 520). The assistanc-
children. Amelius cuts off their heads to save his friend [526g]. The princess take various forms.
children are restored to life. Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1 g9l:
O4 because his mother had made a v_ow before his birth, a young 636; Röth 1998; EM 10 (2002) 1413-
man goes on a pilgrimage. He meets a friend through an apple test: Finnish: Rausmaa 7912ff.l,No. 7l: i
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306 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Estonian: Aarne 1918, Viidalepp 1980, No. 100; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Nor- Korean: cf. Choi 1979, No. l. :
wegian: Hodne 1984, 160; Danish: Hjemmets Almanak 1889, 3lft.; Icelandic: Dominican: Hansen 1957; Pr.r.:._
Kvideland/Eiriksson 1988, No. 17; Scottish: McKay 1940, No. 14; Irish: Ö S,iit- 1923b l, 293; Egypttan, Algeri::-
leabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tenöze 1.964ff. II; Catalan: 1992, El-Shamy 2004.
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.Il; Basque: Karlinger/Laserer 1980, No.48; German:
Behrend 1912, No. 13, Ranke 1955ff. II, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 l, No.33; 518* See Type 926D.
Italian: Cirese / Seraf ini 1975; Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tllle 1929ft. I, 30ff .;
Slovakian: Polivka 1929f .II,173ff .; Croattan: Smiöiklas 19L0ff. L5,285ff.; Turkish:
Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 214 IV; ]ewish: Jason1975, Nos. 512 517*; Gypsy:
519 The Strong Woman t s i
a powerful young .,.. -
Mode 1983ff. II, No. 74; Tuva: cf. Taube 1978, No. 30; Altaic: Radloff L866ff .I,
208ff.; Paiestinian: El-Shamy 2004; Korean: Choi1978, No. 123; French-Canadian: own power is a. - - _
Delarue/Tendze-L964ff.II; Spanish-Americary Mexican: Robe 1973; Dominican: death. Although h. -

Hansen 1,957;};4ayan: Peflalosa 1,992;Ecuadorian: Carvalho-Neto 1.966, 17ff.; r,r,ith a strong contp...r-
Chilean: Hansen L957;Egyptian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004. When they arrir-. -

her army, uni or .r.

518 Men Fight ooer M&gic Objects (previously Deoils [Giants] Fight [Z3l.He defeats her ::- -
ooer Magic Objects).A (young) man on a journey meets three (two) e.g. in a shooting co:-:..-
men (giants, devils), who are quarreling over the division of three wild horse [H3.b.: ,:^
magic objects (e.g. cloak of invisibility, seven mile boots, wishing On the weddinq r-. :r
ha! flying carpet) (which they have inherited). The man promises to IT173.1]. The hetp. " -
render a judgment, but he asks first to try out the objects (to run a for three nights rritl-. - -
race against the owners). He takes the magic objects and runs away When the woman dr: -.
with them. He uses them later to accomplish difficult tasks [D832]. of the helper to be c,:.
the pigsty [Ki816 i..
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other The helper finrl. ,, --
types, esp. 302, 306, 400, 566, 567, and also 313, 552, 552A, 560, 725, and 810. dernon to heal thei:-
Remarks: Documented in the ChineseTripi{aka (492C.8.). This type does not exist returns, oVercon-r- l
independently but is an episode in other tales.
Literature/Variants: BP II, 318-335; BP III, 406417,424-443; HDM 1 (1930-33) lR16e.4l.
574t. (W. Aly); Scherf 1995I, 586-589,710-717,722-726,759-761,11,957-960,
Combinations: 3004, 303, an; .-
1204-1207, 1234-1237, L434-1436; Röth 1998; EM: Streit um Zaubergegenstände
Remarks: The figure of the s:i. :- .
(forthcoming).
and heroic songs, e.g. in thc ar-.: ..-
Finnish: Rausmaa 19821t.I, No.75; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 19L7f.I,No. 108;
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1,926; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1.977;
I un genl ied with Brunhilde.
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö l999fI.I; Lappish, Wepsian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen1974;
Literature/Variants: Chaur .,.
Beyschlag 1963; EM 6 (1990) ;-+: -
Swedish: Liungman 1961; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; French: Delarue/TenEzel964ff .
7767,7240-7243; Röth 1998; \1,..:
II; Catalan: cf. Oriol/Pujol 2003; German: Grimm KHM/Uther 79961I, Nos. 92,
Finnish: Rausmaa lq82ff. l, \ -
93, III, Nos. 193,197; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975, Piirö/Schenda et al. 1991, No.
Aräjs/Medne 7977; Lithuar.ri.::- i
20; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tllle 1929ff .1,
Paunonen 1974; Sr.r,edish: Liur,i:r-
21,9f.,[1,416f .,II2,209f .; Slovakian: Ga§parfkovä 199Lf.1, Nos. 198, 199; Ruma- ..

ll;Czech:Tille lq2qff. I, l0lii. t

nian: SchullerusL928, Amzulescu 7974,No.30; Bulgarian: BF| Koceva 2002;
nian: Amzulercu 1974, No.. I : _
Greek: Megas / Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzy Zanowski 1962f . I; Russiary Byelo-
Bvelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; _ -:-,
russiary Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 84Iy,97 IlI,174
[V,205,212I1I,213 III; Jewish:lasonl965,1975,1988a; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Ossetian: Jewish: Jason 1965; Gvps1.: NI\-r ,

Advgea:Alieva 1986; Cheremis l, I

Bjazyrov 195& Nos. 60,65,86; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ti/
39ff.;Armenian:Hoogasian-\-i11:,
Paunonen 1.97 4, Sabitov 1986; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Ar-
Nos. 133, 207;Uzbek: Afzalor e: ,,
menian: Gullakjan 1990; Yakut: cf. Ergis 1967, Nos. 154,156; Mongolian: Llrincz
Buryat: Eliasov 1959l,36tf .; Pa1es: :-
1979; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Syrian, Palestiniary Iraqi, Yemenite: El-
1915, 38ff.; Iraqi, Yemenite: EI-Sh...::-
Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, lason1989; Chinese: TinglgTB;
Ting 1978; French-Canadian: De .:
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radlaq aLIJ '[8I'I'009IC] aJI-I Jo raleM r{}I,rt uraql 1eaq ol uouap '0I8 pue 'gzt ',099 'VZg!
I :
:i: l
e aJro, daql raq+a8ol pue uoruedruo) puqq E spul1 radlaq aq1 Ialpo aJoru Jo auo Jo Saposrrf .r -. _
.[S.Sfer»] dls8rd aql
o1 arurrd aqt sar{srueq pue IZ7IS'6ßVöl#o tnr aq o1 radlag agl yo IZSSAI $lsel linrrJrrp qsrldir :.
1aa, eql srepro er{s 'uoqeuos.radurr aql sra^oJsrp ueruom aql uaqM _
sunJ pue slcafqo :r8pn: : -
^eme
P unl ol) s;:alqo
'[f 'ffigf»] 1elatu ]o spur» aarql Jo aperu sdrq.l,r tpp,r,t slq8r-u aalp ro; aql lntr i..,
raq sleaq pue aceld s,ralseru sn{ sa)E} dllarcas radlaq or{J '[I'€IIJ] o1 sasrtuo;d upLU ar{J .( palrlrl.
--
acurld aq+ r{snrr o} sarr} ueruozvr 8uor1s aql lqBru Surppam aq} uO Surqsr,tt,slooq alrul ua.ra- ....
' plrm aarll] ro uorsr^rp aL{} raÄo Slr -_:-
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:(dlqrqrsr.Lur Jo )eolJ e Sursn) +eqruoJ a18urs ur raq slealap a1g-'lEZ] 148r1 1s1uar gl sl tadO,{1-n
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_
sdels 'sasualap s,uuurom aq] srurols radlag aq1 'aaure daql ueq14 .trgg7 iLu
r
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lll'q()bl
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:uprpeup3-rlf,uarC 1€ZI .oN ,Sl,l
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'l 'lJqq8 IJlolpPU:rrPlIV:ur \
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: \\d^J :_lI9 .llg.soN ,Elb
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1
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 Hans-Jörg Uther: FFC 284 FFC 284

Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; Ghanaian: Schott 19931.fi1IIJ,14ff.; Sudanese: El- Dekker et al. 7997 ,285-289; Rt ::-
Shamy 2004. 1351 (I. Köhler-Zülch).
Finnish: Rausmaa 79!2ff.I, \cr. -'
530 The Princess on the Glass Mountain. (Including the previous Type 18b(3), 97(7), 98; Estonian: Aar:-.
5308-.) A narrative in three parts with several different forms and 5308*; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 19.;
combinations: Wotian, Karelian, Syrjania..: :
(1)At night a field (haystack, garden) belonging to a family with Swedish: Liungman l9o l; \.,-.. . _
three sons is robbed (devastated). The sons keep watch. The elder No. l7; Faeroese: Nyman la.- ..
two fall asleep (run away in fear), but the youngest (helped by a Delarue /Tendze 1964ff . II; S.:.- -
Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese, f
mouse, frog, old man) stays awake and captures three magic horses
Dutch: Kooi 2003, Nos. 3, 7, l'_: :
1H74711. They promise to help him in the future, and he lets them go 1990, No. 22, Kooi I Schuster l.: :
free [8315, 8401, 8181]. Oa hiding in a mound ofhay, he is carried 1955ff. II, Kooi/Schusrer 1991 .,,
home by a giant. He kills the giant and finds his treasure (helpful No. 196, Berger 2001; Austria:-.: ..
spirits) and three horses 18315,8401,81811. No. 109ff.; Italian: Cirese/Ser.::,:
In some variants a dying father orders his sons to watch over his 1,15f .,241f .,II1, t48ff .; Slor.akia:- -
grave. Out of indifference (fear), the older brothers leave this task to Nos.374, 487,570,581; Slovene: :
the youngestlH1,462l.At the grave he receives three horses, as well Djordjeviö 1988, Nos.79-Et; r -

as a pipe (sticlg bridle) to use to summon them. 1963, Nos. 36, 50; Macedonian : E. -
(2) The king's daughter is offered in marriage to whoever can Rumanian: Birlea 1,966 II, )j - .
-18;
BFP, Nos. 530, 5308*, Kocer a I
ride to the top of a mountain (made of glass, crystal, marble) [F751, -
Oberdorffer 1974, No. 13; Gree.
H331.1.1, H331.1.21andlor take a golden apple from its summit. Or
1956, No. 54; Potish: Krzl.z;u-..
he must kiss the princess at the summit and take her ring or scarf
.

Bvelorussian,Ukrainian:SL: ..
1R111.2.21.
In some variants he must jump up to the princess who sits at the
\
Jason 1 965, 1975; Cy psy: \ I I\
r ash, Tatar, Mordvinian: Kec-. . -.
window of the fourth story of a building [F1071] (and take her ring] Di.alila et aL.7989, No. 2; Arme:.-,,:.
or jump over a grave [F989.'],,H331..'1,.3, H331.1.4]. Yakut: Ergis 1967, Nos. 15j. -:
Kurdovanidze 2000; Syrian: El-S:-,.
_ The young man disguises himself and, with the help of the magic Shamy 2})4;baqi:Nowak l96y \.
horses, succeeds three times. On the third time, the king (princeis)
gives him a token (marks him, he is injured). He goes away. 1004; Iranian: Marzolph Ia.- -
(3) Messengers (king, princess) look for the champioru and/or all Thompson / Roberts 1ö00, Ja -
Eskimo: Barüske 1969, No. 75; E:.
the men are ordered to march past the princess (thä princess sum-
No. F4; French-Canadian: Dela:-..
mons all the men to a feast). Through his token (marls injury), the
1966; Spanish-American, NIe-.r;..
youth is discovered at home (in the king's household) [H80]. He 7995ff.II; Mayan: peflalosa 19:_
marries the princess. 1969, No. 122, El-Shamy 2001; -r
In some variants the horses are disenchanted and become -.
princes (princesses). Cf. Types 31,3, 274, 3-1.4A, 5304 The Pig zuith the Gohlt ri
in-law to get magic .... ^
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other
horned stag, wild ht,;-- .
types, esp. 3L4, and also 300, 301,,302,313,314,214A,400,502, 5304" 531,550, S51,
(another foolish bor, ---
and 675.
Remarks: Many-narratives classified as Type 530 in the catalogs have onry the brothers in return [or :
introduction of the spe, and in some the motif of the glass mountain plays only their backs. At the fe.:.:
a marginal part. exposed as cheaters br, ::.
Literature/Variants: Tllle LB92; Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. I, SS, 67;Bp IIl,111,-1L4;
Boberg 1928; HDM 1 (1930-33) 207-216 (K. Spieß); Krohn 1.93ta,96-99; HDM 2 Combinations: 3 I4, 530.
(1,934-40) 627-630 (I. M. Boberg); Vries t9S4; 60-68; Rieber 1980; Scherf 1gg1 I, Literature/Variants:
251-256, 530-534, 601f ., 631433, 736_738, 738f ., It, 986_988, 1105_1108, 1113_11t8; Finnish: Simonsuuri/Rausmaa 1::,
Latvian: Aräjs / Medne 1977 ; Lithu :.:
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,{po s.{e1d urp}unoiu ssel8 a,.., -
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310 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Syrjanian: Kecskemdti / Paunonen 1,92 4; Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: ! ech 19g4,
Combinations: This type is us,-;--
No.32; Slovakian: Ga§parikov61991f.Il, No.525; Russian, Byelorussiar; Ukrain-
types. e5p. 314,3278,328, 1a, :=.
ian: SUS; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Ossetian Biazyrov 195g, No.
502, 505,513A, 513C, 516, 53C a:
124; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ti/paunonen 1974, Sabitoi 1ög9; Chuvash,
Remarks: Classical origin ior .: .
Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1,974; Arrr.enian: Gullakjan 1990; Georgian:
merone (III,7), Straparola, pirrL.,
Kurdovanidze 2000.
cheaeux d'or.
Literature/Variants: Chauyrn,,
5308* See Type 530. 394-398, 467469, II, 328_3-16; El
EM 3 (1981) 152_754,4 (1eEl - I
531 The Cleoer Horse (previously Eerilinand the True and Ferdinand the 1989; Scherf 19951,297-301,
=:__
False). (Including the previous Type 513C.) This miscellaneous type 674f ., 675-620, 637 _642, 643_rl
comprises various tales dealing with a clever horse. The tale exists 1998; Schmidt 1999; MarzotL.i- -, :
chiefly in three different forms, "The Godchild of the King and the Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, - \.-.
Unfaithful Companion", "The Golden-haired Maiden,,, ind ,,The 99; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Lir.i- .
Clever Horse". Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1,999ii. . I'
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 197.1: Sr.. . -
A poor boy goes in search of his godfather [H1381.2.2.1], the king
Danish: Grundtvig 1876ff. IL \; .
(God, Virgin Mary, etc.) [N811]. On the way he obtains a clevei ?.1; Faeroese: Nyman 19g4; Ice-::-_-
magic horse that offers to help him 18211.1.3,8133, 84011. Against O Stlilleabhäin/ Christian_sen, . :
the horse's advice [8341] he picks up a glimmering feather (gotaen
hai4 golden horse-shoe, other bright obiect), which he later gives to
Camarena/Chevalier 1995fi II -
Portuguese: Meier/Woll 19i5 ),
the king. 1955ff.11, KHM/Uther 1996II \
En route the boy is accompanied by a companion (devil, beard- 1953, Nos. 9, 39, Sl;Italian: Crre..
less man, Gypsy, etc.) who forces him to change places [K1934] and 1994, No. 81; Corsican: N4assi:: -
to swear silence. At the king's court the boy is employed as a groom. Cirese/Serafini; Maltese: N I i r-1. .: -
He helps different animals, who in return promiie to help him II, Dömötör 2001,,287; Czech: 1 . .
7991f.1, Nos. 75, 105,770,21-- :l
[8350, 8391, 8470, 85011.
KriZnik 7874, 15f .; Serbian: e a,..: -
A treacherous employee of the king (the boy,s companion) Djordjeviö/Milosevi6-Djordjer : - : :
slanders him to the king, saying that he had boasted he could find Nos. 37, 38; Bosnian: Krauss 8..;::
1

the bird that had lost the feather and/or to bring the golden-haired Penu5liski 1989 I, Nos. 51, 65. ^^ .
maiden (princess) as bride for the king [T11.4.1,H7b.2,H7219.1, 1928; Bulgarian: BFp, Kocer a I _
H1381.3.1.11. On pain of death he is assigned to accomplish the Darykins 1955, No. 10, Laogrärl^ ,: _
dangerous tasks [H911]. He succeeds with help of his horie. 513C; Sorbian: Nedo 1956. \: .-
The abducted princess refuses to marry the old king until she Russian, Byeiorussian, Ukrainr::- :
receives certain things (her castle, keys that have fallen into the sea, IV (var. c, g), 81 (3-6), 207 ,2lti: T=- _

water of life, etc.). The boy brings these with the help of his horse )ason 1975, No. 513C, Habour;r.
1; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Chere:- .
and of the helpers he had met on his way (grateful animals) [lFrgg},
1989; Chuvash, Tatar, Morch,ir :..:-
B4s0l.
Kurdisch: Lescot 1940, No. 2; _{::-_
As the last condition for the marriage the princess demands the
Ergis 7967 , Nos. 117, t69, 792, "_.: _
boy be killed (burned, beheaded, dismembered, by taking a bath in 37 ff .; Tadzlk: Rozen{el,d /Rvii..
boiling milk or oil of a herd of wild mares, by water of deattU etc.) Ceorgian: Kurdovanidze 20ö, -
The horse saves the boy or he is resuscitated by the princess, re- Nos.513C,531; Lebanese: \,,r.. .
juvenated, and beautified [E15.1, 812,D1865.1]. The king has the Campbell 1854,48ff ., El-Shamr _
same thing done to him with fatal results (the princess äoes not 171, l7b, EI-Shamy 2004. No. : I -.
resuscitate him, he dies in the milk, etc.) fi2a17.11. No. 513C; Kuwaiti, yemenite: El_::-.,
The magic horse turns into a young woman (man) [8313, D131, 1984, No. 513C; Pakistani: T}ron.,:.
D700]. The boy marries her (the princess) and becomes king. Cf. 395, Thompson /Roberts I900,
Ja-
Type 328. Ting7978, Nos. 513C, 531; French_r.
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372 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

1964ff.II; Spanish-Americary Mexican: Robe 1973;Mayan:Peflalosa 1992;Domin- (W Golther); Memmer 1935. t_.
ican: Hansen 1957, Nos. 531, 531**,4.; Panamaniary Puerto Rican, Chileary Argen- (M. Rurnp, . -
2 ( IqTq) 155-tb2
tine: Hansen-1.957;Yenezuelan, Bolivian: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.II; West Dekker etal.7997,130-133; Ri- r. .
Indies: Flowers t953;Egyptian: Littrrann 1955,37ff., El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 513C, Bottigheimer).
531; Tunisian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 513C; Algeriary Moroccan: Nowak 1959, No. Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. L \, -
192 El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 513C, 531; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 513C, 531; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; L:. _ .
Namibian: Schmidt 198911, No. 1076; Malagasy: Haring 1982, No. 4.533. Paunonen 1974; Swedish: L ju:-*.
Iqbl; f nglish: Briggs le ,,r :
532 See Type 314. Portuguese: Soromenho,i Sor.. ::- .-
Dutch: Staipaert/Joos 1971. t:_
532* The Magic Ox (previously Son of the Cow). (God's Godson.) With Cerman: Ranke 1955ff. IJ, Trrr.r.L..
89; Italian: Cirese / Serafir.ri i : -:
the help of a (two, several) magic ox (cow), a boy plows the copper
(iron, stone) field of the king. He marries the princess and receives MNK II; Bulgarian: BFp, Ktrc; .
-
Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Ei.c::-
(half of)the kingdom.
1 975; Cheremis / Mari: Kecskcr-.
vinian: Kecskem6ti / paunor:.:-
Literature/Variants:
Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; \.rk.,.: _
Syrjanian: R6dei 1978, No. 31; Hungarian: MNK II; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928,
Schullerus/Brednich et al. 1977,No.102; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Klaar 1977,49ff.,
2000; Jordanian: El-Shami, l _
100 l, No'. lq,4l; Chine,.,'1,. -
Megas/Puchner 1998; Gypsy: MNK X 1.
Tl;U5-American: Baughnran I -
2004; Moroccan: Topper 19a* l.
533 The SpeakingHorsehead, Aprincess is sent to her fianc6, a prince of Klipple 1992; Namibian: Schr-,, -: :
a foreign country. Her mother orders a maidservant to accompany No.972; Malagasy: Haring 1:,:_ ..
her, and gives her a small rag with some drops of her mother's
blood to protect her and sends a speaking horse to take care of her. 533* See Type 404.
When during the journey the princess loses her mother's charm,
the waiting-maid gains control of the princesslK2252,K1911..1.1l, 535 The Boy Adopted bu T:;
forces her to change clothes and roles 1K19341, and to swear an oath forest and adopturt ..
of secrery [K1933]. bow and a magic ,r -:
The prince unwittingly marries the maidservant, and the real The animals ärrir-.ir
princess is employed as a goose-girl [K1816.5]. When the false wife takes his place. Tl-re i-..
orders the horse to be killed [8335], the princess persuades afarm- lovely daughter. Hv 1-
hand to hang the horsehead on the wall by a gate where she passes He marries both the g,r.
daily. Every day she greets the horsehead with a formula, and it an- daughter.
swers regretling the injury that is being done to her [D1011, 8133.3].
When she speaks a magic formula to make the hat of a goose-boy Literature/Variants:
f7y away (to keep an obstrusive goose-boy away from her), he com- Bosnian: cf. Leskien 1915, No. -:-
plains to the king. Thereupon the old king starts observing her and bek: Afzalov et al. 1963 1,59ii., --_
finally makes her tell her Life story to a stove [H13.2.7] (her dog [H13. Roberts 1960; Burmese: Kaser ic . _
1.21) (cf. Types 870, 894). The truth comes to light the real bride Indies: Karlinger/pögl 19g3, \... -
marries the prince, and the maidservant is punished (she unwit-
tingly declares her own judgment). Cf. Types 403, 425A. 537 The Flight on the Grttt;;.,
Ciues the Hero a Bo.t
Combinations: 403. When suddenly the L.r:-:
Remarks: For tales in which the bride is blinded (which Liungman 1961,149ff. man spares it. The eagl+ :-
treated under Type 533) cf.Type 404. For literary precursors see the French Legend bird for several year.r r,
of Berte and Basile, Pentamerone (IY,7). The grateful bircl [B--:
Literature/Variants: Arfert1.897,8-11; BP II, 273-285;HDM 1 (1930-33) 302-A1t the sea [8552] to his km:

S{
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374 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC284 FFC 28,1

three times by nearly dropping him into the sea (as the hunter had Remarks: Documented in the .,::
aimed three times at the bird). Literature/Variants: EM 6 (1 _ r
On the other side of the sea the eagle's father (sister) gives the Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. L \,- i_
man a box 1D1174.1], telling him not to open it before he reaches Danish: Kamp 1879f. I, No. S L:..
2003, No. 14; Frisian: Kooi 19:--.
home [C321].
Overcome with curiosity, the man opens the box on the way, and
a town (castle) springs out of it. In order to put the town back into 545 The Cat as Helper. T':.,. .
the box, the man promises his (unborn) son to the devil (super- bines episodes froir-r : :-
natural being) ls222l.
Remarks: Manv catalog,5 Tcr(.
The tale is usually an introduction to Type 3138. belong either to Type 545A o: -: r. ,-
.

Literature/Va riants: Ra rr:n. a.

Combinations 2228, 2228*, 300,313, and 315. (I. KöhIer-Zü1ch).
Remarks: The tale originates of the Babyloni an Etana myth (L8. I 17 . century B.C.E.). Finnish: Rausmaa I9B2lf .1.l:,_ :
Literature/Variants: BP IV, 103; cf. AndersonL923,165; Haavio 1955b; Komor6czy Irish: Ö Sr-'rilleabhäin / Chri-st j.rr.. -
1964; Levin 1966; Kinnier Wilson 1,969; Freydank 1971.; Kinnier Wilson 1974;
Cirese/Serafini 1975, De Sinri:--
Schwarzbaum 1979,66-69; EM 4 (1984) 494499 (W. Röllig); Levin 1994; Scherf vene: Bolhar 1959, S9ft.; Slor a..,.
1995 1,78-80, 125-128,1I,11,42-1145; Röth 1998; Haul 2000.
Greek: Laogräphia 19 (1961 , -=.----
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, No. 83; Latvian: Svabe l923f.III,96ff. No. 40, 101ff. 7965, 1975; Ossetian: Bjazr"rt ,. . - .
No. 4p, 108f. No. 4r,lllf. No. 4t, 112f. No- 4u, 114ff. No. 4v, 119 No. 4z;Lithuarian:
Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 5g; Aicl-.: -
Kerbelyte 19991f.I; Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;Syrlanian: Belinoviö/ lndian:Jason 1989; Chine.e:
Plesovskij 1,958,70ff .; Swedish: Schier 1974, No. 32; Norwegian: Hodne 1984,1.60; t
1 978; Spanish-American, N{err c,,
Danish: Kristensen 18S1ff. III, No. 31; Dutch: Meder/Bakker 2001., No. 245; Penalosa 7992;Libyan: Norlak - -:-
German: Henßen 1963b, No. 15; Hungarian: MNK II; Slovakian: Polivka I923lI.
can, Sudanese: El-Shamr. 20tt=
Ill, 450ff.; Croatian: Smiöiklas 1910ff.18, No. 48; Macedonian: Miliopoulos 1955,
35ff.; Rumanian: Birlea 1966II, 1181f., l38ff.,III,426ff.,428ff.; Russian: VerSinin
1962,59ff.; Byelorussian: Dobrovol'skij 189lff.l, No.28; Ukrainian: Popov 1,957,
5454 The Cat Castle. A ptr.-: :
69ff.,Lintur 1972,No.36; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1,953, No. 34 IV; jewish: a cat (dog) lB2il I , __
Noy 1963a, No. 26, ]ason 1965; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. III, No. 189; Ossetian: tance [N411.1.1]). Or., :--
=
Britaev/Kaloev 1959, 88ff.; Abkhaz: Sakryl 1975, Nos. 24, 28; Mordvinian: of the castle of the c.::.
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Armerian: Gullakjan 1990; Siberian: Vasilenko 1955, couple receives her ). r, ', :- -
No. 4; Ostjakian: Gulya 1968, No. 24;Kara-Kalpak Volkov 1959,35ff .; Uzbek: parents quarrelir-rg t- . ,
Afzalov etal.1963 | 35f.; Tuva: Taube1978, Nos.34,49; Georgian: Kurdovanidze ' *hY, .he does not rr. '
2000; Saudi Arabian: cf. Müller 1902ff .lI, No. 6, El-Shamy 2004; Oman: El-Shamy to have been iaugl-rir.: ...
2004; Chinese: cf. Levin 1986, No. 17; Algerian Frobenius 1921ff. III, No. 1.
f he girl's no[.le , . _
casile more beautiirr'
540 The Dog and the Sailor (previously The Dog in the Sea). Anu.huppy The cat goes to the c...-- _
.

sailor in misery tries to drown himself but in the water (on shore) he
kills him (by makine .- ,:
meets a dog (poodle) who offers its help lBS41.4l. On the dog,s
owner of the castle an; :--
advice he takes it along with him to sea.
demands to be killecl ,r
After three heavy stoflns (several years) the dog orders the sailor
marrics the girl)[B-.- :
to jump into the water. At the bottom of the sea he finds a castle and
a beautiful woman. The dog had warned him of her seductive Remarks: Verv similar to T1,pe :- -
powers, so he kills her. Inside the castle the dog is waiting for him. 545,4 and 545B are often mireci .. .

After enduring three painful nights (after accomptishing special entiated. Occurs mostly in north_: .
tasks), the sailor cuts off the dog's head, whereupon the prince who Literature/Variants: gi, I, gat; fl.l -
had once been enchanted by his mother-in-law (witcfu father) is 1995 II, 919-953, 1 133-1135; Deki.: : ,
disenchanted [D777] and returns to human form. Finnish: Rausmaa 7g12ff .I,No. S: :
Lappish: Qvigstad 192Zlf.III, \i

}N
:tr16T uavounpd / r+grualsra) :ueIIarE» 109 'oN 'I1g1 '!!lZ6L pe]s8r^ö :r{slddu'I
'ruJoJ u€Ll:-. -.
IIII 'oN 'I'l116l ueruTreH :qsrpa&\S-qsruuld 198'oN'I'IIZ86I eeursneu:qsruurd
sr (rarlleJ 'q)ll.tt) .rlrpl-Lrr-1.-., .
]leL '661 'le la ra»[aC lgeIl-eEII 'e96-6i6 'II966I
/I oq,r,racurrd aql uodnara!1.\i :. : -
lraqc5 1(qrp7-ral{9) 'D rcu-gzTl (eeat) t I IE 1I€g dg :sluelre^/arn}Prall'l
'adorng uJaquou ur d1+sour srnJJO 'palerlua lercads SurqsrldruorlE ralr:- r -
-regrp dpealr lou are daql ro rar{}o qJea rpr^( poxlu ua}Jo ar€ gg7g pue Vgüg 'Lurrl JoJ 8ur1re.r,r sr 8op ar-11 :-,-.
saddl 1o sluurre 'slqoru a18urs s1r urdsa 'gg7g addl ol relrurls dran :s>puurey a^Ilfnpas raq Jo rurq Lratij.
pue allsptr e splrrJ aq Pas arl- _ ,,-
'gg9 addl 't)'lZ'T'Zggg] (lrrB aq] sarrreru lolrPs aLll srapro tsop aqt , --
aH '[IIIC] aour.rd e o]ur surru pue 1.rr8 aq+ dq pal1pl aq o] spueruap
ler aql :pa^rarar a;e qsanS; 8uq eqr sarrrelu pue allser arll Jo raumo s,8op aql uO '[t'Ir9S] d1,:. .
aq] saruo)aq pr8 agl '(uns aq] olur >lool rurq Surleur dq) urrq s1p1 arl (aroLIS uo) rale,u aLIl ur ltl-:. _ .
pve ll'tr'Illg] (ssaluer8 luer8) IIor+ E ro al+se) ar{} o} sao8 +er aqJ dddequn try'(uas aqt w 3o g : :-.
'lr ,ltor{s o+ pa>lsp sr aqs '3ur1 aq+ Io }erü ueq} InJr}neaq arour al}spr
e sassassod aqs sdes aqs uaqM 'palsal sr ur8rro alqou s,pr8 ar41 'I 'oN
'III JJIZ6I srlru.rlr,,-'-
'al+set s,3u11 aql ro uoqrpuoo rood aql +e 3u1q3n€l uaaq a^eq o] .(ueq5-13 :upuro l7gg7 iue. -.
spuala.rd aqs os 'ur8r;ro alqunq raq Ieo^ar ol luem lou saop aqs 'dqr* azprue^opJn) :uer8roa3 t6l i:
palse Surag 'sq8nel eqs 'a8pr.rrod yo 1od e ;o Surlarrenb slua.red :)rq7n :'JJgc'osol ro11o1 :.'
/996l olualrsp^ :uerraqrs tg6"- ,-.
rar{ saas pue aa'opurm aq} Jo lno qool aqs uaq14 '(raq salrarar aldnoc
pdo; aql) raq qllull anol ur sley acurrd aql 'sler aql Jo allseJ aq],o :uPrur^proW lBZ 'tZ'soN !_-
:uErlasso 16gI oN 'III 'llt:-r . ---
ssacurld aql aq o] spualard aqs acr,rpe s,]eJ arfi uO '([1'1'11711] acuel
:qsr,na{ .,tI tg 'oN '9961 .rer.:: :
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'7961 ,rodo4:uerurerlll 1ga .,r\
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'9961 solnodorplN :Lrpruopil ;., .
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?uil 'r9 'oN '916I Sraqunfrg :asaurq3 16961 uose{ :uerpul :uurue[r-,{g !tr 161 ut'-. ..
^o{suarue)-ur1qa1g / /rr^ourlag
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^o)suaruql-urlqalg/Sraqunlr3
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uose{ :qsr.lna{ :l'lZgOt r»srvr,ouezdzr» :r{srrod :'il699 (L96I) 61 erqdgrSoe.I :{aarC .0002
IrlPH ::
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JraWS 1f66I ur,ra1 1(8rloy..\\ .:.:
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llrr: :
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.(q)pz_ralqa) .I) l'gD 4ltitti ,: .:
:
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ad't1 o] l
s+xal aLIl Io slualuor aqt q8noqlp addq srq+ o1 ralar s3o1e1ec due141 :sl.reurag
-radns) Ir^ap ar{} ol uos (u,rr.-:-.
'ggyg pue Vgrc sadd+ urol1 saposrda saurq
olur ))eq umo] aLI.l 1nd o1 -r,.1 -
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saLl)ear aLI aroJaq 1r uado o1 :,. -
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1f9'oN 'I'1116l ueurTreH :qsrpaas-r{sruuld 1ü8'oN'I'JJZ86I Eelusne5:qsruurg aql sa,nrB (rdlsrs) raLI)pJ s.al::.'
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>- <
31,6 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Swedish: Liungman 1961, No. 545A8; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Greek: Lao- (1921) S1gtt., Loukatos 1957,
gräphia 2l (1963164) 491ff.; Turkish: Eberhard/Bbra1iz,v 1.953, No. 34 III 1; ]ewish:
\-.
Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS: _

|ason1975,1988. Jewish:Jason 1975;Gypsy: Nl\ t ,

Alieva lq86; Tatar, Mordr inr ..-

5458 Puss in Boots. An animal (cat [8211.1.8 , B42Z), fox [B43S.1], jackal Yakut: Ergis 1967, No. I:t
1P'435.2), monkey 1R,441.71, etc.) intends to help a poor man (out of Kurdovanidze 2000; Iranian: ..._
obligation) to become rich (by marrying him to the princess) [8580, Roberts 1960; Sri Lankan: Sch__:.
8581, 8582.1.1]. In order to gain the emperor's confidence, the ani- nesian: Vries 1925f. II, 406 No I -_
mal tells him that the poor man is very wealthy LK1917.31. When the Tenöze 1964f1.il, No.545; Spa:l ._
Hansen L957; yenezuelan. öo
poorly dressed future bridegroom travels to his bride,s residence,
l995f f .11; West Indies: FIorr.c.r -
the animal simulates an accident (robbery), in which all his clothes
26, El-Shamy 2004; Libr.an: ),
(horses, bride presents, wedding guests) are lost [K1952. 1.1]. There-
Sudanese: Klipple 7992.
upon the king gives the poor man good clothes and he is accepted
as a bridegroom. 545A* The Magic Castle. I: : -
When the man has to display his property, the animal 1eaves gives all her food to ,:
before him and coerces the shepherds and farmers to say that their (Christ). Afraid thar l-rr .
herds and farmland belong to the poor man. The animal kills the
she runs awal, anci -: :--
real owner of the properties, a demon (dragon, ogre, gian! witctu
beings transfoim htr , .
magician) by burning, slaying, shooting or through a trick 1F777.4.1,
precious jewels.)
K722]. When the bride arrives with her entourage, the bridegroom
She becomes quee.:
presents himself as the real owner of the property.
food that she had grr e:: :
The animal tests the gratitude of the poor man by feigning death
balcony (tadder), diL r
(it becomes a human when it is decapitated tD711l).
tinues to question th;
In some variants the man behavei ungrateful or does not keep Iaughs at this and h.:
__

his promise.
why she laughed. She .
beautiful than his bea:.t .
Re-marks: very similar to Type 5454, esp. in its single motifs. variants of rypes
5454 and 545B are often mixed with each other or they are not clearly differän- than his). The animal r ..-.:-
tiated. Earliest literary versions see Basile, pentamerone (II,4) and §traparola, giving her a bejer,r elt,:
Piaceooli notti (xr,l); important literary version see Charles perrault, Le Maitre de In some variant. .. _
Chat ou Le Chat bottö (1697). advice of an old man, _:..
Literature/variants: Köhler/Bolte 18ggff. I, 371t.,416,558f.; polivka 1900c; Bp I, son asks to see the gir- .
325134,III, 487; Wesselski 1931., 80-82; Roberts 1,964,3944; Soriano 196g, esp. duce one. (previoush I. _-

771-179; Barchilon 1975,1316; Wolfzettel L97\;Escarpit 1986; Uther 1991; Uthär

1992;EM7 (1993) 1069-1083 (I. Köhler-Zülch); Köhter-Zntcht994;scherf 1995 | Literature/Variants: EM Z (199j
31.3117, 491495,11,871.f.; Dekker et aI.1997,137-189; Röth 1998. Danish: Kristensen 1gg1ff. II. No _
- _

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982fr.I, No. 86; Livonian: Loorits 1,926;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne Paunonen 1974, No.512*; Italian
1977;Lithtanian: Kerbelytö1999ff.I; Lappish, Karelian, syrjanian: Kecskemdti/ 1963,58tf ., o7ff., Megas 1965, \,
:
Paunonen 1974; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Kristensen 1881ff. IV No. 13; 4, cf. Nos. 164, t32lV 4;
Jeu i_h: .
Irish: o sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff. II, No. Chalilov j9b5,2ll ; Iraqi: Norrak l
545; spanistr" Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 199sff.rr; portuguese: soromenho/ 33; Libyan: Nowak I9oq, No. l-
soromenho 1984f.1, Nos. 28, 652, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 19g4a;
Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: Ranke lgSSff.II, No. 545, Grimm KHM/Rölleke 545C* See Type 545D".
1986 L No.33, Tomkowiak 1993,249f.; Italian: Cirese/serafini 1925, pitrö /schenda
et al. 1991,, No. 37; Sardinian: Cirese / Serafini; Maltese: Mifsud-Chir cop L97g; 545D* The pea Kiag (previou. ,
Hungarian: MNK II; Slovakian: Polivka 1929f.lI,109ff., Gasparikovä fSgtt.l,
Nos. 85, 102,194,282,287,290; Macedonian: öepenkov/penu§liski 19g9 I, No. 53; Type545C".)Apoorho 1

Rumanian: Schullerus t928;Bulgartan: BFp, Koceva 2002; Greek Laogräphia 19 peas might grow frorri
houses and sacks for hi. -
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('qar'r.aI snorca,rd ' e qBnor L{l .ro
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-
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_
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318 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC 284

believes the boy is wealthy. He tests his noble origin by a bed-test (cf. he also takes its golrle:-
Type704). The boy is unable to sleep on the hard couch because he save his life he has to : -
is worried about his lost pea. I ]. Agaln, he also tak. -
He marries the king's daughter. When the king wants to see the is condemned to de.::l- -:
property of his son-in-law, the young man meets an ogre (devil,
1D961, N711.3, H1tt.
grateful ghost) who offers to give him his castle, but only lf he can succeeds and finallr. :_
solve some riddles. The ogre tells all the farmers and shepherds on golden horse, an.l tl:. _
the way to pretend to be employees of the poor boy. An old man Against the I,o', - .:
helps him solve the riddles. The ogre and his brothers bursf and the lows. They steal ti-re.l: -:
poor man becomes the owner of the castle and its land. Cf. Type 859. the youngest brother ' ,,,
they have broughr h :
Combinations: 5454, 812, and L430.
the life of lhe you n u. --
Literature/Variants: BPIII,332;E]td7 (1993)1076f.,1083 not.61; Scherf 1995 II,
838-840; cf. El-Shamy 1999,No.7. bird, the horse, and :r-. :
Italian: Pitrö 1875, No. 8Z Cirese/Seraf ini19ZS, No. 545C*; Hungarian: MNK II; cued them. (He marr,..
Slovene: Byhan 1958,124ff., Bolhar 1974,76ff.;Rumanian: Schullerus 192g, No. punished.)
545C*; Bulgarian: BFP, Nos. 545C*, *545D**, Koceva 2002, No. 545C*; Greek Hahn In some variants tl-.. ..
19'1.8 L No. 1Z Dawkins 1953, No. 63, Megas 1965, No. 33;
]ewish: Larrea palacin s51.
1952f.I, No. 58, Haboucha 1989, No. **859E; Gypsy: MNK X 1.
Combinations: This type ir rr-u.,
546 The Cleoer Parrot,The king wins the gratitude of a parrot who takes t\ pes. esp. 300, 301, 314,531, i= -:
him to a princess (the parrot brings a princess to the king). On the 505,513, 516, S3O, and707.
return trip the king and his bride are separated. The parrot reunites Remarks: This type occurs olt(:. .

cannot be assigned to one or tl-.e . _

them. -
Literature/Variants: Chaur.in i !:_
1898ff .1,264f.,537-545; Bp I, 5r--:_:
Literature/Variants:
o-8 {S. Lilyeblad); Draak lejo; \\, --
Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975; Abkhaz: §akryl 1975, No. 9; Indian: Thompson/ baum 1980,282; Uther i981, 10r,_, ;
Roberts 1960,Mayeda/Brown 1974 No. 75; Chinese: Ting197g.
1989; Sorlin 1989; Bausinger 199.. l__
Scherf 1995 I,510-5i4; EM 8 (1"..
550 Bird, Horse anil Princess (previously search for the Gotden Bird). 1998; Schmidt 1999; Marzolph \-;.:- _
The type combines two different introductory episodes with a com- Königstochter ( in prep. ).
mon main part. Finnish: Rausmaa 'qi2tf .1, \u :- :
Introductory episodes: Estonian: Aarne 191g; Livonian: L
(1) Every night an unknown thief steals a golden apple
[Fg13.1.1]
Vedne 1977; Lithuanian: Ba,ar-.,
from-the klngls tree. The two elder princes fall asleep when they Kerbelyte 79991f .I; Lappish:
er...
Wepsian, Lydian, Karelian, Sr ij :
watch for the thiel but the youngest is successful. He sees a golden
bird [8102.1] and shoots one of its colored (golden) feathers [H1477]. Liungman IgOI;Norwegian: Hn.i .

(2) A sick king can only be healed by the singing of a goldenbird. ).1o.48; Faeroese: Nyman 19g4; Irj.r.
Delarue/Teneze töa+ff . II; Spani.:-
He orders a search for it [H1210.1,H7921.7,H1279,H1237.1.2,H1331.
Oriol/Pujol 2003; portuguese, \.u.. ,
1.31.
Cardigos (forthcomingl Drt.h, -
Main part: Fiemish: Meyer l9o8;-Cerman: R.. ..
The three brothers go on a quest for the gold.en bird. The first two KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 57; Austri:-- :
meet a fox (wolf) which they intend to shoot. The fox warns them Italran: Cirese Serafini 1975; Cor.--
against going to a pleasant inn in the village, but they go there Cirese/Serafini; Maltese: Mifsud_C : .
nevertheless. Both of them forget their father and the biid. 1929ff .\ 1, 2ff.; Slovakian: Gasparü--.
The youngest son is kind to the fox, follows its advice, and finds Nos. 379, 394,585; Slovene: Bolhar , ;-
the golden bird [L13, 831.3,8560, H123g.6l.Against the fox,s advice I3, Panic-Surep 1e64, No. 9; Ma.._..
Schullerus 1928,Amzulescu 1974. \
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320 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284
FFC 28'1

Koceva 2002, Nos.550, *550**; Greek: Hahn 1918 I, No. 51, II, No. 72, Mousaios-
Bougioukos t976, l1,4ff ., Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzyianowskilg12f.I, Meanwhile the. ri...
Nos. 550, cf.400B; Russiary Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/ birth to a boy ancl i-,..
Boratav 1953, Nos. 76,206; jewish: Haboucha 1992; Gypsy: Briggs 1,9701. AI, arrives at the heat-i i: .

365ff., MNKX 1; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1959 Nos.95-97;Cheremis/Mari: Kecskemdti/ 1H1381.2.11. The h....: : .

Paunonen 1974, Sabitov 1989; Chuvash, Tatar: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; pany her, riding L-e-r-:.
Kurdish: Dü.alllaet al.1989, No. 1; Armenian: Gullakjan1,990;Yakut:ßrgis1967, has spread, but th.,
Nos. 123, L24; Uzbek: Reichl 1978, 78ff ., Keller / Rachimov 2001, No. 2; Tuva: you ng,est brother. . ..
Tatbe1978, Nos. 27,33; Georgian: Kurdovanidze2000; Syrian: Nowak 1969, Nos. golden cloth torr a: :

L73, L75, El-Shamy 2004; Palestinian: Nowak 1969, Nos. tll, L73, El-Shamy 2004;
gate opens for hu,n ,j_
Oman: El-Shamy 2004;hanian: Marzolph 1984;Saudi Arabian, Kuwaiti: El-
ruler of the kinp;dr,::
Shamy 1995 L No.8102.1; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Indian: Thompson/
Roberts 1960, Jason 1989; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov 1976, Nos. 163, 190; Chinese:
Combinations: Thi, [r pe i- Lr-
Riftin et al. 1977,No.36,Ting1978,8äcker 1988, No. 29; Indonesian: Vries 1925f.
types, esp. 374,531,780, antl : ,
I, No. 85; French-Canadian: Delarue / Tenöze 1964ff . II; US-American: Baughman
and 968.
1966; French-American: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff .II; Spanish-American: Baughman
Remarks: lhi' type occur-,,i.
1966, Robe 1973, Nos.55O 560,4..; Mexican: Robe1973; Cuban: Hansen 1957, No.
cannol be asrigned to one : ..
550**8; Dominican: Hansen 1957, Nos. 550,550"*A; Puerto Rican: HansenL957,
Nos. 307**A, 550; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992; Guaternalan: Camarena/Chevalier
Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. I, 562i.; r,,, -: ., .
1995ff.II; Chilean: Hansen 1957; West Indies: Flowers L953;Egyptian: Nowak
II, 394407; HDM 2 (] !:=_
28; BP
1969, Nos. 11,6,173,240, El-Shamy 2004; Tunisian: Nowak 1969, No. 116; Algerian:
\,Vesselski 1938f ., 782f .; Tubacrr . - - -
Nowak 1969, No. 175, El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: EI-Shamy 2004; East African:
Jech 1989, 182-186;Sorlin j99l :- .
Klipple 1992; Swahili: Velten 1.898, 98ff., 119ff.; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004; 1285, 1305-1307, 1361-136t; Et.t .
Namibian: Schmidt 1989II, No. 1080.
Röth 1998; EM: Wasser Lt:,- .
c1e-c

5504 See Type 750D.

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, \, i -
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latl j...: _
1993f .I, Nos. 13, 106, Kerbeh :: :
551 Water of Life (previously The Sons on a Questfor aWonderfulRem- \o. 33; Karelian: Kec,kern.l
eily for their Eather). A sick king can only be healed by a wonderful wegian: Hodne 1984; Danisir: h: -
remedy [H1.324, D1500.1.18] (water of life [H1321.2], rejuvenating Icelandic: Sveinsson 1.929; Ir;.:.
-
apples, phoenix bird [H1331.1], etc.). Whoever brings it [H1210.1] Briggs 1970f. A1,560f.;Welsh. F.-
-
will inherit the kingdom. His three sons go on a quest. The two elder French: Delarue / Tenöze 196=:
haughty ones are diverted from their goal. Catalan: Oriol pujol 2001: p,
C;rdrgos (forthcoming); tri-
The youngest is single-minded and friendly towards o1d men
Ranke I955ff. II. Tomkor,r ia(
(dwarf, eagle) who show him the way and give advice. With their
Austrian: Haiding 1953, Nos. c :, .
help he reaches a magic castle that opens only for one hour. He Ladinian: Decurtins 1896ff. II, \ . .
appeases the animal guards (dragor; etc.) and finds everyone else Corsican: Massignon 1963, \c. :
asleep. He locates the fountain of life (golden apple tree) and takes garian: MNKII; Czech: Tille j9l-:
the remedy 1H12421. He sleeps with a beautiful woman (princess) 25, 274, 230, 247, 255, 256,290 I- l
[N711.3, T475.2] and leaves his name (identification token) with her 1974, 18lf .; Croatian: Valjar.ec. l:,
[H81.1]. When he leaves the castle it closes (sinks). On his way back garian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greekr L.
he rejuvenates (releases) the helpful old men and receives magic 53; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 5I: i-
objects in return. russian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turki:l-: :
-

At home his unsuccessful brothers secretly exchange a common ljvar. g, I),215 ilt(r.ar. p),2tr l\ : _

Iq63a, No.29, Jason I965. lq. I . .

(poisoned) remedy for his healing onefK2211,W754.12.3l.They give
Cheremi' / Mari: Kecskemeti 1.r..
it to the king [K1932] and he recovers. These brothers slander the Paunonen 1974; Chuvash: M6sz.i-
youngest and the king orders him to be killed. With the help of his Yakut: Ergis i967, Nos. I35, I i.
magic objects he is able to escape this sentence. Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; S,, .

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sllrprre^ r(ueur os '6sE ed,i1Ll]r.\{ oN 296I uasuEH :upqn] 1€lb i :-:
rror+E.rrq;il':,Trl: #:il#,tJ,.H iiHt:n,i uetuq8neg :ueJrraurv-rlsruedc -'
uetuq8neg :uerrraurv-Sn l1 ,i::_-
'069't9g'r99 '099'0gg 'E.E 'tI,€''rc't.E '00s oslp pup ,081 ,te9 ,rr, ar:?:"t01; 'rEZ6t calr^:uPtsruopul1oZ .\ .:
raqlo arollr ro auo Jo saposrda qll,\{ paulqluo: ,i11ensn sr ad,,(i srql :suor}purqruo)
:asrurqJ 10OI 'tql .soN ,9lbt \. .. -
'par-raddeq ,{11ear 1eq,rt str.real 3ur1 plo aLII .tuop8url arll uosdLuoql :uprpuI i0q6l cj]er.
Jo ralnr -l:l :rlrE^^n) /uerqerv rPnPS ::i-
aLI] sauoraq pue I19I-]] ueuro,\,\ aLIl sarrreur aH .tu1l roy suado aleB
17697.{ueqg-Ig,t il,1t.so\ f -- -
aLJl plre '(sr-ra)o] srq dq pazruSocar sr) allse) aLIl prp^\ol qlop traplo8 ':o§ :00,,.
'696 t IP,1\\oN :uer.rF5
,
aq] Jo alpprlu aql Lr^4.op sapu ,s8e.r trr s.readdp .ralJlorq lsaSunod :e^r.J-:Z oN ,1002 j:
aqf pasolr sr pua s1r 1e ale8 aLIl lprll pur; ,(aql 1nq ,pea.rds seq '1961 ^ourrllf,Eu
sßtg:tn1e^ 1066I ue[1e11r- -
ssa)urrd?q+ LI4LI.^,\ (t1led) qlo1t uaplo8 aql aprsaq Burprr ,;,at1 ,(tred 1116I uauounpd/r]grua1sta) ::. ..
-Luo)re daql ',(aqi sr plra1a-rd sralllorq
1r ilq8neq aLII .[I.Z.f gEf U] / rlgrualsrax :IJEJ I / srluarall) r_,r-= -
Lros raLI Jo raqleJ aLIl spupLurp pue dr_uru up
Jo pnaq aLI] lE sa^rrre 117'1016l" sSSrrg :dsdd3 :26€\l ,. --
aLIS 'rapn.rlur rlll ,o alu€u aLI] para^orsrp seq pue doq e o1 qlrrq / preqraqg :qsr{rnl lgng :uerui:_-,
'I'lZ96I" r1s-uouezdz;) :qsrlod :i -
J
ua,rr8 seq a11sec crBuur aLIl ur upurom Inlrlneaq arll alrq^,rueal
-sorpsnotrAJ ,Zl .oN ,II ,Ig 'oN 'l
!t- .
ItHe1,1 ;o *a1e1 ilZ lll 782 ldc
,lriltt---_*___,***
-
322 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC284

Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 94, El-Shamy 2004; Persian Gulf, Omaru Kuwaiti, Qatar: 72; Latvian Smits
El-Shamy 2004; Yemenite: Nowak 1969, No. 94,Daum 1983, No. 20, El-Shamy
1962ff . I\ . l.::
552B; Lithuanian: Kerbeh,te 1..:_
2004; Iranian: Lorimer/Lorimer L919, No. 7; Indian, Sri Lankan: Thompson/ \o. 5524, Kecskemeti / parur,,r..,.
Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting 1978,Bäcker 1988, Nos. 8, 1,6,29; Japanese: Ikeda Paunonen 1974, No.552A; K.rr. ..-
1971,,InadalOzawal977fil.; English-Canadian: Halpert/Widdowson 1996 | Nos. Svrjanian: Kecskem6ti / paLr 11(r rr.,-
29-33; French-Canadian: Delarue / Ten dze 1964f{. II; US-American: Baughman 552A8; Norwegian: Hodne 1;:_
1966; French-American: Delarue/Tendze1964ff.II; Spanish-AmericarL Mexicary \o.240, Crundtvig lBToff. II \
Panamanian: Robe 1973; Dominicary Puerto Rican, Uruguayan: Hansen 195[ Christian:en Iqo3, Nos. 5il { =.
Mayan: Peflalosa 1,992; Chllean: Hansen 1957, Nos. 551, 551**,4'; Argentine:
Hansen 1957;'Nest Indies: Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: Parsons 1923b1, No. 43;
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. Il l.
Egyptian, Llbyary Tunisian, Algerian: El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Basset 1887, No.
Por"tuguese: Otiveira i900tf. Ii 1.,,

German: Ranke 1955ff. IL Tor- _

109, El-Shamy 2004; East African: Klipple L992;Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004. Nos. 163, 197; Austrian: Haicli:-: , .
\52,552A. De Simone Iqqt, \
552 The Gifls Who Matied Animals. (Including the previous Types 1929ff .112, 3tf .,721t; Slolaki.::
552A and 5528.) This tale exists chiefly in two different forms: 152ff., Ga§parkovä19971.1, \-,. -
(1) Following the wish of his dead father and against his brothers' 148, 485,582; Slovene: Ljubll::..
advice, the youngest son marries his three sisters to the first suitors \o. 3; Croatian: Valjavec Jro
who come for them 15221.7]. The suitors take the girls home with 101 l'f., Ill, 40lff .: Bulgariar , :

them [8620.1,8640). Dawkins 1q50, No. I). NIe:: _

On a quest for his sisters, the brother reaches the castles of his Krzy2anowski I962f.I; Rr,rssi.::. :
-
SUS, No. 5524; Türkish: Eberh...:,-
brothers-in-law and learns that they are the masters of the three ani-
mal kingdoms (men transformed to animals [D620,D621.1,]; cf. Type
Jason 1975, Nos. 552, 5524; Gr :.
Nos. 98-100; Adygea: Alier .r' , -..
302C.).
They receive their brother-in-law in a friendly way and provide
Paunonen 1974, Nos. 552, 551 { ar_:
Paunonen 1974;Chuvash: \Ie.. --
him with magic means (parts of their body, feathers, haiq etc.) [8501, Kurdish: DL.aIila et a1. 1989. \,.
8505.1] to use to call them at any time (he leaves a signal of distress). Kurdovanidze 2000, Nos. 5il :: _
With their help he accomplishes difficult tasks and finally marries a 2004, Nos. 552, 5S2A; palestir.....:-
woman (princess). 552A;baqi, Oman, yemenite: E _: -
(He is dismembered by an ogre, summons the brothers-in-1aw, indian: Thompson/Roberts lgrt ..
and they resuscitate him; cf. Type 302C.. They also recover his lost Japanese: Inada/Ozai,r,, a 1t)7, t:
Ienöze 19641f .II, No. 552,4: U\_ _ -
castle; cf. Type 560). (Previously Type 552A.)
Robe 1973, No. 552A; Filipino: F.:..-
(2) Three girls who despair of being married say that they will
Cape Verdian: parsons i92:b f. -\
marry anyone even if the suitors are animals [C26]. Three animals 2004,Nos. 552,5b2A; Tunisian; \.
pass by and take along the three girls as wives. When the girls' Nos. 552, 5524; Sudanese: E1_S:-., -.
father visits his daughters, he finds food and other things magically
provided by the brothers-in-law [D2105]. Later (athome) he tries the 5524 See Type 552.
same method without success 112411.3] (his effort nearly ends trag-
ically). (Previously Type 5528.) 5528 See Type 552.

Combination s: 302, 302C*, 303 A, 317, 400, 425A, 425C, S1B, 554, and 560.
Remarks: Important version see Basile, Pentamerone (IV3). The type occurs in two
553 See TVpe 554.

forms, but many variants are not clearly differentiated. The second form occurs
mainly in northern Europe and is less widespread.
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 1gggff. I, 41g,551-556;Bp II,190_1gg,lll,424_ 554A*-C*, and 556,{-_E-
429;Horälek 1965; PaunonenL967; Scherf 1995 1,218-220,226-228,759-761,II, ous tales dealing r,r,ith l-...:
853-856; Röth 1998; Anderson 2000, 150-1SZ; EM: Tierschwäger (in prep.). ous 131s5 the type ,.., _l
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, Nos. 89, 90; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman fgtif. I, Xo. present the following L.:.
112; Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. 5524, Loorits 1959, No. 115, Viidalepp 1980, No. A man while trar el': _

w
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_
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'1 dard ur1;a8enr.;:..lrr1
sluerrel arü Jo lsoryaposrda se dluo srnJro eddi eqr saIE+ sno ,..
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=-
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:_ _-
'*tgg'tgg saddl snorna"rd aql 3urpn1ou1) slawruV p{ayatg aqa ,gg srn)f,o Luro} puo)as aqJ .parrrL.:-
o^{} ur srnl)o ad,,! aq1 '(€i\Ir .
'799 addl aag S99 '099 pue 'r99 '8I9 'll;: : =
'799 addl aag gZSs
-3er1 spua,{1,reau l.roJJa (rLl
-
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,,(1el8eru s8urtll JaLIlo pup i!, _
'v299'oN'7997 dureq5-lg :asauppns 1V299 ,Zgg .soN aql uaLIM'sd^l,t,r su -.^ :
/696I ,s1.rrB
'7667 drueqg-If, :uef,rorol4I 106I 'oN ,ü002
{eMoN :uersrunJ IVZSS,ZEE.soN sleurrue oarql '[973] slerutL-: :i .
drueqglg'06I 'oN'6961 ryrvrog:ueqdd8g 1Zl .oN ,Iqez6lsuosred :uerpran ade3
1€96I sra.^ .olC :sarpul 1sa1,4 191 'oN 'IZ6I raISueC :ourdrlrg lvzgg .oN ,el6l aqo>J J;r^ ,{aqt 1eq1 ,{es p",r,i:: .
-
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,Zgg .soN ,.11116l eMezO epeul :asauede{ ]sol sq ra^orar osp daql .,1- :
/ anrplag :uerpeue3-r.{ruarC lvzgg f
. ',\,rel-ul-SJaLIloJq aql suotlllu:-.: r
! gZgg' VZEg'soN'g16 I 3ur1 :asaurq3 igzgg oN /096
I syaqo5 7 uosduoql uerpul :
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drueqglg 'g€I 'oN /696I >le.troN :uerrdg lvzgg,Zgg.soN ,0002 azprup^oprn» '(ssa4srp Jo
leu8rs e saleai aLr r .: _-.
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-ruP darql aql Jo sralseul .rLll )-
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^E}erog/preqraqf,
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1xs-+touezdzry
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:)aarD 1v299 'oN /2002 e^aro) ,V299 .oN tgg :uerreSlr.g !.JllO1 ,[l ,.ll11; Hll-u auog slrr8 aql a)e] s-rrrl: r- :
tI SJoJInS ISJIJ ar{} ol SJa}SIS aaJLIt :.,
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/266I raTqrsg :uerqras !'IIl99 (16gl)
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fi saddl snor,rard aql 3urpn1:r-i- :
allrl :rpaz3 jvzgg 'oN ,1 »rult :uerre8unll 199 .oN ,7661 auourrg aA,VZgg,Zgg
'soN'El6I rurJuras/asarr3 :uer1ell 10t .oN ,9961 Surpleg iuelu$:ny:16I,€9I .soN 'p967,,(tueqg-ig :asau€pr-li --.
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lvzgg 'oN (Surruooqlro;) so8rpre3 ,friz,eZZ.soN ,II .JJ006I erra^r1g :asen€n1ro4 1€ü'oN 'l gCZol quosrpJ :uprprr.
ivzgg _oN' 1OOZ p[nd I lorro :ue1e+e3 ivzgg .oN,II. !!966I rarlp^aqJ / EuaretueJ :aurluaB;y 1V**Igg ,Igg 'so\
:qsruedg ln'gtg6;1 azauaJ/anrelaC :q)uard lg1gg,vzgg 'soN ,g96t uasueqsrl{J _=_
1196I uasueH :ueden8nrn,ue:..
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1
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V ZEE'soN ?96 I aupoH :uer8aa,rrop : gV Zgg uer-uqBneg :uprllJLUV-Sn :ll ,rl . :
'oN '196I ueru8unrl :qsrpams tgzgg .oN ,frl6L:uauounecl/r1?tua)sJoy :ueruelrdg 'soN'I 966I uosmopprM/1rad1ep- -.
:VZSS'ZEg 'soN 'tl6l uauoune4/Egura>Is)a) :uerlare» lvzgg .oN ,ü16I uauouned epa11 :asauedel!62,9L,g .soN ..,,
/Bgurolscay:uersdar141gg'oN 'e002 sualre gtrl6luauour.re.J/l]?ura)srax VZgg.oN uosdLuoql :ue)upl rrS .uprpr: _
' 9761 pels?r t§ :qsrddel : gzg9,VZgg.soN,I' Il 666T ?+ f,pqra) :ueluenq] \ ! gZ99 ,{rueqg-1g'02'oN /€g6I LunEC .i.-
'VZgg'soN r116lalrparyls[pry ^IyV6Z,IIL,.JggZ,LI.IlZ96l s]rlu§:uer^]u.I 1Zl :re1e§'rlre,nn) /ueuo J1n3 uer.:.
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reI
324 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.1 FFC 284

earth) rt ho are in trouble. Because he rescues them, thev promise tc) Mongolian: Lörincz 1979. No: :
help him if needed. Later he falls ir-r lor.e r,r.ith a princess r,r,hose Syrian: El-Shamy 2004; Lebane.--
father sets three impossible tasks for hirn to accomplish. With the 2004, Nos. 554, 5548*; Iraqi: \t-. .:
help of the grateful animals he succeeds on three successive clav-. Fadel7979, No. 14; Iranian: \1.::_
18582.2, H982, 85771 and n ins the princess.
Indian, Sri Lankan: Bsdker 19_:-.:
In some r.ariants a part is added in r,r,hich the man accompanies Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov 19. 1.. :
1960; Chinese: Eberhard 196r \.
his elder brothers. When they trv to ir.rjure some animals, he pre-
No. 2Z Ting t978, Nos. 551 ::.
vents them from doing so or compensates for their misdeeds ancl
Indonesian: Vries 1925f. IL \i ,
carelessness. When they trample on an ant-hill, he builds it up again,
Ozawa lq77ff .: Filipino: \\ rr__ -
lvhen thev learre lvounded animals, he takes care of them, etc. American: Delarue/Tenöze l- .:
Cuban: Hansen 1957, 551--C ,r.
Combinations: Thls type is usuallr, combir-red with episodes of one or more other 554**8; Mayan: peflalosa 19n: _.
types, esp.300,302,400, 531, and also 303,313, 311,377,329,402,465,513A,5138, 1953; Egyptian: Nowak 1969. )"
551, 552,552A, 556F*, 560, 570, 670, 613, 667, and 673. Nowak 1969, No. 220; Aigeriar. I
Literature/Variants: BP I, 131-134, 11,79-29, ItI,126-429; Basset 192,1ff. I, 165 No. El-Shamy 2004, No. 5548.; GL;. ..
40; HDM 1 (1930 33) 82-81, 90 (L. Mackenser.r); HDM 1 (1930-33) 253-255 (K. Klipple1992; Sudanese: KIip:..
Heckscher); Wesselski 1937,70-73,724, 165f .; Besthorn 1935,L3|;Wesselski 1942, 2470,4278;Ansolan: cf. Seraul,. ,
No. 14; EM 3 (1981) 287 299 (C. Lindahl); Scherf 1995 1,89-92,146-t50,541 544, Valagasy: Haring I982. I\o-. = -.
597-607, II,8s3-856, 7210-1243,1301 1304,1325_1328,1380_1383,1406_1409; =
Röth 1998; E1-Shamv 1999, No. 5; Schmidt 1999; Muktupavela 2001; Röhrich 2001,
B1-83, 202; EM 11,1 (2003) 131f. (H.-J. Uther); Marzoiph/Van Leeuu,en 2004, Nos.
55{* See Type 55-t.
380, 383.
Finnish: Rausmaa 7982ff.1, No. 92; Finnish-Su,edish: Hackmart79l7f.I, Nos. 100, 554A.-554C. See Type 5rJ.
101; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977,
Nos. 554, *554**, *554D*-F*; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff .I; Lappish: Qr.igstacl 555 The Fisherman anti His .,

1925, Nos.554,55.1., Bartens 2003, No. 36; Livonian, Wepsiary Karelian, Sl,rjanian: natural being (maeic ,. .
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Sr,r.edish: Liungman 1961, Nos. GS553A,554; Nor- ogre, man in form r,: ,:-
lr,egian: Hodne1984;Danish: Kanp1877,No.96;Scottish: Briggs1970f. AI,47Ol.: prisonment, transfrr:::- .
Irish: Ö Stiilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963, Nos.554,5568.; Enlish: Briggs 1970i, the water [8375.1]. I:- .
A1,369; French: Delarue/Tenöze1961ff.II; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995f{
wife) that all his u,r:l:.
II,ConzälezSanz1996; Catalan: Oriol /Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Pedroso 1985, No.
In the beginning ::- -
32, Cardigos (forthcomir-rg); Flemish: Meyer 1968, Nos. 554, 554D.; German:
Meier 1852, No. 75, Ranke 1955ff. II, Tomkou,iak 1993, 250, Grimm KHM/Uther becomes excessir.elr- :. .

1996 I, No. 17, II, Nos. 62,707; Austrian: Haiding 1953, No. 38; Ladlnian: Decurtins men, kings, ancl tiri.
7896ft.1, Nos. 2, 60,646 No. 116; Italian: Visentini 1879, No. 21, Cirese/Serafini back his gift and th.
1975, Nos. 554, 55,18-; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini, No. 5548*; Maltese: Mifsud- dition or punishecl ::- ...
Chircop 1978; Hungarian: MNK II, Dömötör 2001,287; Czech: Tille 1929if. II 1, formed to animals).
377{.,374ff.,1I,2, 177{f.; Slovakian: Ga§parftovä t99l|l, Nos. 168, t70,210,273,
II, Nos. 373,376; Slo'ene: Kontler/Kompoljski l913f .II,37ff., Bolhar 7959,23; Combinations: 303, 563, and l:,-
-
Croatian: Valjavec 1890, Nos. 9,13-75, Krauss /Burr et al. 2002, Nos. rt2, 43; Mace- Literature/Variants: Chauvin I ::r l
donian: Cepenkov /Penr-r§liski 1989 I, Nos. 52, 90; Rumanian: Birlea 7966I,797fi., II, 18 No.8; Wesselski 1925. Nii _.
III, 383; Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek: Laogräphia 5 (1915 / 16) 452 457,27 Rommel Iq35; Wesselski lq+1, \
(196344) 491ff., Klaar 7987, 78ff .; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 58; Polish: Krzy2anorvski 9,442;Tubach 1969, No. 3650; Ri,_ ..
1965, Nos. 554,666A; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhardr 1240 (H. RöIleke); Runge/Neum...-
Boratav 1953, No. 61; Jervish: Jason 1965, 1975; Gvpsv: Briggs l97)f. AI,369, 1312; Dekker et al.1997,277-2;., '
MNK X 1; Ossetian: Bjazvror, 1958, Nos. 102, 103; Adl,gea: Alieva 1986; Cheremis, Finnish: Rausmaa 19g2ff.I,\s. u,: :
Mari: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen7974, Sabitor, 1989; Kurdish: DZalila et ai. 1989, No. Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: L_
20; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; Yakut: Ergis 1967, Nos. 122, 124, \68; Tadzhik: cf 7999ff. r; Lappi.:.
Crjunberg/Steblin-Kamenskov 1976, No. 15; Kalmyk: Lörrncz 1979, No. 554G*;
.
3ia1{e1belytö
No. 37; Wepsian, Wotian, Lvdiin, ...
ish: Liungman 1967;Norwegiar-r: H
g :qsrrl 1626I uossura^S :rrpuela)I irg6l aupoH:upr8amroN 11961 ueru8unrl :qsr
-pair.g ln761uauouned / r]gura{s)a» :uurTaJe) ,uepd1 ,uer1o14 ,uersdarll jl€ .oN j.3tgE oN'616I z)urt91:1 ,,--. . .
/€002 suape g' - 'Jr:>lrqzpeJ !g9l ,izl /ZZI ,s.\
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 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281
FFC 284

Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: Briggs 1970f. A I, 436ff.; French:

Delarue/Tenö2e1964ff.II, Guerreau-]alabert 1992, No. e338; Spanish: Camarena/
559 Dungbeetle. A (stupr.i
Chevalier l995ff .lI, Gonzdlez Sanz L996; Catalan: Oriol / pujoi 2003; portuguese: man) buys variou - .-..
vasconcellos/soromenho etal.1963l.I, No.301, Cardigos (iorthcoming); öutch: natural being): ä lrltrr_i>:
Sinninghe 1943, Kooi 2003, No. 32; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Me-yer 196g; bee, cricke! louse, i_.:
Walloon: Legros 1962;German: Ranke 1955ff. II, Tomkowiak L99g,25}i.,Grimm his way and takes thc::.
KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 19, Bechstein/Uther 1997 I, No. 55; Austrian: Haiding The kjng promirc-
L953, 471; Italian: Cirese / Serafini 1.975; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Hungariari make her laugh [T65 F:
MNK II; Czech: T1lle1929lf.II2,455; Serbian: Eschker 1992, No. 78; Slovakian: by means of the amu.
Polivka 1929f .II,1ff.; Slovene: TomaZiö 1942,209ff.; Rumanian: Schullerus 192g; music) [H982,8571, E_:
Eulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek Megas 1956 I, No. 21; polish: Krzy2anowski
and is thrown into ... .-
1962f.I; Russian: SUS, Nos.555, cf.555*; Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish:
Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 70, cf. 178 (V); ]ewish: Jason1965,1988a; Gypsy: aiso drive out the btr.. .
MNK X 1; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, No. 104; Cheremis/Mari: fecskeÄeti/ iors: The dungbeet .
Paunonen 197 4, S abitov 1 989; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti / paunon en 1,97 4; Leb a- the mouse makes hr:-. _

nese, Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 53; Kuwaiti: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Jason1,9g9; nights in such a r.var :r-.,.
Chinese: Ting1978, Nos.555, cf.555*, Bäcker 198& No. 15; Korean: Choi 1979, No. bed insread. The kir_ -,
125; Indonesian: Vries 1925ff. II, No. 100, 407 No. 185; ]apanese: Iked,a L971,; the princess IL Io I ] t :

French-Canadian, French-American: Delarue/Tendze 1964k.II; spanish-Amer-

ican: Robe 1,973; Cuban, Puerto Rican: Hansen 1.9b7; Bolivian: Camarena/ Combinations: 521.
Chevalier 1995ff . rl; Br azilian: Alcoforado / Alb än 2001, No. 34; west Indies: Remarks: Important versior.r -.,
f19y!rr 1953; Egyptian: Nowak 1969, No. 53, EI-Shamy 2004;Llbyan: Nowak Literature/Variants: Köhler B,
1969, No. 53; Tunisian: El-Shamy 2004; Namibian: Schmidt 19g9 II, No. 10g6. 5chwa rzba u m 19o8, 2q7 ; TLr L,a,:
878, 1030-1032,7423-t425; E\1 :
556A*-E* See Type 554. EM9 (1999) 777-222 (K. pöge_ \ -...
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tti.I,io. ,=
556F* The shepherd in the serutice of a witch. A father sends one of his Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanra:: :
three sons to tend the cattle (sheep, etc.) of a landlord who is a Paunonen 1974; Norwegian: Hr.-r-
No. 118; Scottish: Baughman 1-:--
soothsayer (prince of sury witch). when the boy drives the cattle to
French: Delarue/Tenöze 196lii .
pasture, they suddenly disappear (in the fores! crossing a brook).
Gonzälez Sanz 1996; Cataian: Or
He cannot follow them because he is confined in a tree (by a super- No. 412, Cardigos (forthcomin.:'
natural woman). After a while the cattle returry but he does not Austrian: Haiding 1953, No. jr *'
know where they have been or what they have eaten. Consequently 7975; Hungarian: MNK II; Czecr-. .
he has not accomplished his task (and is punished). Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; C:.
Then his brother tries, but he also loses the cattle. When the russian, Ukrainian: SUS; Jewish: T..'_
youngest brother tends the cattle, he succeeds with the help of the X l;O'setian: Bjazyrov lqlr. ..
animals (the woman who had caught his brothers in the tiee). By Paunonen Iq74, Sabitov lg8q; \1 : .

following the cattle, he learns that they transform themselves to Ergis 19o7, No. I70; French-Ca|.r;
II; North American Indian: Thon-,:.
women (daughters of the witch) during their absence. So he has
Pan;manian: Robe I973; Bolir ia.
accomplished his task [H1199.12.2].
Cascudo 1955a, 139ft.,,\lcoforado,
Egyptian: Ei-Shamy 2004; East A;:
Literature/Variants:
1203, Klipple t992.
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff.I; French: Tenöze/Hüllen1961., No. 25; German:
Henßen 1963, 37ff .; Austrian: Zaunert 1,926, 269ff .; Hungarian: MNK II; Slovak-
ian: Polivka 1923ff .r1,28tr.,39ff.,63ff., Michel 1944,48tr.,kosovä-Koreöiinyi 198g
45ff.; Serbian: Leskien 1915, No. 23; Rumanian: Karlinger/Birlea'1,969,Nos. & 11;
IJkrainian: ]avorskij 1915, No. 42; Gypsy: MNK X 1. -
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328 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.1 FFC 281

MAGIC OBIECTS 560-649 1970f . AI,334ff., MNK X 1; Os.e. ..

1975, Nos.28,46; Cheremis \1...
Tatar, Mordvinian: Kecsker-ni-
560 The Magic Ring. Aboy buys a dog,, a cat, and a snake in order to save
Yakut: Ergis 1967. Nos. 122, I:.
them from death (he rescues a snake from burning). In return he =

7976, 28; Kalmyk, Buryat, \ Io:r .

receives a magic ring (stone) from the king of the snakes (father of 2000; Syrian: \ow.rk Is(.o, l*.
the rescued snake) which wilt graat all wishes [D81e D812,D1470J,, Palestinian: Nowak 1969, No. : =
D1470.1.15, D877.L, 8360, 8505, 8 427, B.4221 (he finds the ring [DS40]). 128, E1-Shamy 2004; Iraqi, Oma:- :
With his wishing ing[D7662.1] he builds a magic castle [D1131.1] Arabian: Norvak 1969, No. 1l: .
and performs impossible tasks (building a castle, a bridge of glass, Roberts 1960; Indiar"r: Thomps.rr-
a church of wax, etc. in one night). Roberts 1960; Burmese: Kaser -. -
He marries the princess, who has a lover. The wishing ring is 1980, B0ff.; Chinese: Ting 19I: :
stolen from him by the princess [D861.5, K2213] (by her lover [D861. Vries 1925f. I, Nos. 67, 88; Jap.::-. _

4], another person) who wishes herself and the castle (with the pdn- Carradian, Fr.ench-Amerrcar..
cess) to be transported to a faraway island 1D21,36.2). Her husband Mexican, Guatemalan: Robe - tr-:
finds himself poor again. The grateful dog and cat swim to the castle 7957;Mayan: Peäalosa 1991; ,,. -.
Chevalier 1995ff.II; West InCr=. :
and recover the ring 1D882,8548.1, DSS2.1.1I with the help of a
No.86; Egyptian: Nor",ak 19r,:, 1..
mouse [K431].
2004; Moroccan: Basset 1g9; .,,
On their way back they lose the ring in the sea, but a fish (cray- Cuinean, East African: Klip;..+ -
fish) gives it back to them. Finally the boy recovers his ring, the Tanzanian: El-Shamy 200-1; \1....,: _
castle and his wife. He punishes the lover (his faithless wife). Cf.
Types 561,,562. 560C* See Type 571C.

Combinations: 561.
Remarks: Among its variants the Types 560, 561,, and 562 are often mixed with
561 Aladdin. Amagiciar., r:--i
each other or they are not clearly differentiated. Important version see Basile, for him out of a ca\.
Pentamerone (IY,t). means of a magic rin: _
Literature/Variants: Chauvin1892fl.Il, 196 No. 24,Y, 68ft. No. 20; Aarne lg}g,l- D840, D1470.1.16, D I _r_ .
82; BP Il, 451458, IlI, 426429; Krohn 1,921,a, 48-53; Leach 1961., 203J08; the cave it does flot tl;t:-
Schwarzbaum 1968,90; Bascom 1975, No. 48,1-8;E}r/rl (1977) esp.245f.; Uther rubs the magic ring -,-:
1,987; Scherf 1995 l, l-3, 211-214, 558f., 602-605; Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999; leads him out.
Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004, No. 380; EM: Zauberring (in prep.). Aladdin reaches 1.. :
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.1, No.95; Finnish-Swedish: Haikmän igVt.l,No. 120; castle [D1131.1]. Boti: :
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne l977;Lithuantan: Basanaviöius 1993f. I No. 12S, II, No. 14
Kerbelytö L999ff.I; Lappish: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974,Bartens2003, No.3g;
spirit who appear,c r. . -

rubbed). Aladdin rloi:i .

Livonian, Lappislr, Wepsiar; Lydiary Karelian, Syrjanian: Kecskem6ti/paunonen
1,974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Grundtvig
her to another man , l ,,.
1.876ff.II, No. 3; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: Baughmai The magician ercj.,:r- .
1966, Briggs AI, 334ff.; French: Delarue/Tendze 1.964ff. II; Spanish: had kept) for a nerr .,

-1970f. self to be transfered :; -

Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.II; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; portuguese: öhveira
1900ff. II, Nos. 230,438, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: castle [D2136.2]. Alad.1,:
Meyer 1968; German: Ranke 1955ff.II, Berger 2001; Italian: Cirese/Serafint1971; the genie takes hin-r to ,r-.-
Corsican: Massignon 1963, Nos. 73,91.;Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tilte l929tt. the magician (Aladclin ..
1,208ff.; Slovakian: Ga§par(kovä 1991.f.1, Nos.92, 1gO,1S2,2BO,27Z,II, Nos.392, uses it to return lr,,ith ::- -.
437;Slovene Bolhar 1974,26ff.; Serbian: Djordjeviö/MiloSevii-Djordjeviö 198g, Types 560,562.
No. 85; Croatian: Bo§kovii-Stullil971b, No. 16; Rumanian: Schullerus 192g;
Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek Hahn 1918 I, No. 9, Dawkins 1950, No. 4, Combinations: 560.
Laogräphia2l (1963-64) 491ff.; polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I;Russian: SUS, Nos. Remarks: The variants of the Tvr.--
560, 560*; Byelorussian: SUS, Nos. 560, 560*,560**; Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: other or they are not clearly diiii..,,
Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 58, 173 V; Jewish: |ason 1965, 1975;Gypsy: Briggs
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330 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Literature/Variants: Zotenberg 1888, Chauvin 1892ff.V,37ff. No. 365,55ff. No. 19, fire-steel, the spirrt -: :-
.:
221ff. No. 130; Aarne 1908, L-82; Littmann 1921ff.I1,659-791,Y1,650,685f.; BP II,
instead)[K::t, Ot.
547-549;Basset1924ff.I, No.23; Gerhardt 1963,313,322128; Horälek 1969b,1.62-
169; Mylius 1974;EM1 (1977) 240)47 (K. Ranke); IJther 1987;Walther t987, 113-
king to agree that l.

1,23; Marzolph 1995a; Scherf 1995 l, 8-13; Dekker et al. 1997 , 39-41; Röth 1998; In some r arr.rr.._ .

Fambrini 1999;Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004 No. 346. rvhen the candle is :- -

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, No. 96; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne
L977;Lithuanian: Basanaviöius/Aleksynas 1993f .I, No. 133, Kerbelytö 1999ff.1; Combination s: 566, 1 626.
Lappish: Qvigstad 1925, Bartens 2003, No. 39; Karelian: Kecskemdti/Paunonen Remarks: The variants of tl-rt , . ---

L974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Kristensen other or they are not clearl. -: .
A ndersen, F y r ttti t t ( I g35.r.
1896f. lI, No.20; Irish: O Sriilleabhäin/Christiansenlg63; French: Delarue/
Tenöze 1964ff.II; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.II; Catalan: Orioli Pujol Literature/Variants: Aarne. l, :
2003; Dutch: Tinneveld 1976, No.4; Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: Ranke 1955ff. Horä1ek 1969b, 762-764; Roh:r: - _
II, cf. Grimm KHM/Rölleke 1,986I, No. 85d, Bärger 2001, No. 561*; Ladinian: Tucker); Scherf 1995 I, 9g-1at j
Decurtins 1896ff.I1, No.5Z XIY,87; Italian: Cirese/Serafini197s, De Simone 1994, Röth l9L)8; Marzolph \ar. l
No. 74; Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 7; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Maltese: Finnish: Rausmaa l9g2ii. I \
Mifsud-Chircop1978; Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tillel9291f. | 6ff.; Slovakian: Estonian: Aarne 191g, \,iic1a1et: , -
Ga§parfkovä 1991f. I, Nos. 92, 130, L52,216,288, 292, II, No. 528; Slovene: anian: Kerbelyte 1999ff. I; ,,,,'=--,
Slovenski gospodar 21 (1888) 21f.,29f.; Croattan: Valjavec 1890, No. 11, BoSkoviö- Snedish: Liungman lqol;\. - _

Stulli 1963, No. 40; Rumanian: Schullerus -1.928, Birlea 1966 lI, B20ff .,lII, 442ff .; Ander'en/ PerleI lqqO l, \r,.
Albanian: Camaj/Schier-Oberdorffer 1974, Nos. 16,38; Greek Dawkins 1953, No. Delarue lenöze lqb4fi. ll; t -
S,Laogrdphia2l (1963-64) 491ff.; Polish Krzyaanowskl1962t.I; Russian, Byelo- Ranke 1955ff. II, Grimm KH\l _
russian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 97,1,9};jewish: 469; Ladinian:IJfler 7973, \tr ,-: :
Noy 1963a, No. 30, ]ason 1965, 1975; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, Serafini; Hungarian: MNK II; C.r.-
No. 109; Cheremis /Mari: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4, Sabitov 1989; Armenlan: 7991f.1, No. 130; Slovene: Sase., _,
Gullakjan 1990; Kalmyk: Vatagin 1964, 61,ff.; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; No.44; Macedonian: öeper.rko., - .
Syrian: Nowak 1969, No. 148; Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 217,81-Sharny 2004; Persian 2002; Greek Megas/puchner 1:r,.
Gulf, Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, ]ason 1989; Sri russiary Ukrainian: SUS; Türkr.;- :
Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting1978;Filipino: Fansler 1921, No. 19o5,1q75: Cypsy: MNK X t, t:
10; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tendze l964ff. II; Chilean: Pino-Saavedra1964, Roberts 1960.Jason lggq;Sri I r: .

No. 15; West Indies: Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: Parsonslg21b I, No. 127; Egyp- 1971; French-Canadian: De1ar.r.
tian: Nowak 1969, No. 222,E1-Shamy 2004; Tunisian: Nowak 1969, Nos. 2I5,212, 1966; French-American: Delarr-r_ -
El-Shamy 2004; Algeri,an: El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Nowak 1969, Nos. 148,222,
El-Shamy 2004. 563 The Table, the Donkeu ,,,
supernatural being r
562 The Spirit in the Blue Light. A discharged soldier (deserter) is asked food (tablecloth, etc. 'l
by an old woman (witch) to fetch for her a fire-steel (light, tinder- home he stays in an j .l .

box, candle) from an underground treasury (magic castle) guarded others to use it) [I23r] -
by dogs [D845]. He keeps it for himself (kills the old woman). He the magic table (clotlr
discovers that when he lights the fire-steel a helpful spirit (dogs, iron D861.21. After the poLr:
mary giant) appears [D147 0.7, D1421.7.2, D1427.7.4, N813]. He orders any magic powel, sc; l-,_ .
the spirit to bring the princess to him during three successive nights giver gives him a go',: _ :
1D74261. She has to serve him (he kisses heq, impregnates her). etc. ).
The king tries to discover where his daughter goes by putting a The same thing hap:=.
mark on the door [R135]. The spirit discovers the ruse and defeats it containing a magic cu.: _
by putting the same mark on all the houses. The third time the unlil it is called off br -.
soldier takes the princess, he is discovered (gives up himself) and man himself is beateir l-
imprisoned. He asks for his fire-steel, and before he is executed he tries to steal the sack, t.
asks for permission to smoke for one last time. When he lights his stolen magic objects IDS.

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LIrEa LIIrM paxru uaryo a& Z9gpue,L9g,g9g saddl aLI+ ro sluerre^ ar{J :sIrerua1 uauouned / rlaula)sJa) :Lrprli_r :\j
'
:l'gOAq a1,{1aqra;,1 '€€I .o)i,l _:-
gzgl'ggg :suorleurquroJ
aupalN/ slerv :uer^]r3.1 18I6I a..-.
.lt '9f€ ,rt..
SSZA,I.11LO.) dn pau;nq sr alpuer aq] uaqM .
1866I r{lgu !In-6t 't66t 'le ta -:'j
ro popeaqaq Suraq dq paluerpuasrp sr lr.rrds arü sluerrel aruos uI
'I9g'0gg saddl '13 ualq8nep srq dr;eru deru aq 1eq1 aar8e ol Bur» -€IL'lB6L raLIllEM 1186I raL1l,l .
aql serro1 rarplos aq+ acualor.r.3urua1ua.rq1 dg .[f -Z9t'q696IlalproH 18ZS-ZZ€'S .
OgfO,lgg;] (pealsur 1]ts : 1989'099'I^' L6t-699', II --
Strr» aql suosr-rdur pue) run-[ sanrsar pue s.readde lr.rrds aql
1Jals-a.rq '6I'oN'IJ99'99€'oN'JJl€',A lli,.-:
Taa r€er\l saIel
Jo tgz lqC ü82 lgg
-ryr-"_*
W:
-rili
332 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other 1957; Guatemalan, Bolivian, C:-. .
types, esp. 564, 569, and also 21,2, 313, 326, 46t, 554, 555, 566, 1541, and 1960G. Romero/Cascudo, 263ff.; \\-e.:
Remarks: Important versions see Baslle, Pentamerone (I,L, cf.Y,2). The variants of 7923b I, Nos. 35, 35a, 35b; Eg..",'.,
the Types 563,564and 565 are often mixed with each other or they are not clearly 1969, No.216, EI-Shamv
differentiated. Only the Grimms'version (No. 36) is introduced by the tale of the 2n'_ ,

l14ff., tl, 192ff., Et-Shamu:0, +

lying goat, where three brothers set out on a journey (cf .Type 212). 2003,_93ff .: Chad ian: Jungra irlr.
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff.V,257ff. No. 154, 261ff. No. 154; Aarne
1909b; Krohn 1931a, 48-53; BP 1,346-361, II 104-106; Liungman 1961,167-172;
245:East African, Sudanese, t.. _

Scherf 1995 1,229-233,286-289,368170,I,1198-1207,1202-1204:Dekker et aI.

Namibian: Schmidt IqSq Il, \
1992;Malagasl,: Haring 19E1. \.
L997,360164; Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999;EM: Tischleindeckdich (in prep.).
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, No. 98; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I, No. 122;
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Basanaviöius/
564 The Magicproaiding p:,
Aleksynas 1993f.I, Nos.29, l07,II, Nos. 161, 1614 Kerbelytö1999ff.I; Lappish: and "Out, Boq, out ,.'
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974, Bartens 2003, Nos. 39, 46; Livonian, Wepiian, spirits, fortune, r ro-.
Lydiar; Kareliary Syrjanian: Kecskemdti / Paunonen 1.97 4; Swedish: Liungman sack, purse, pot, bor
1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Kristensen 1881ff. III, No. 34; Faeroese: man takes it home r.. :-
Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929;kish: Ö Süiileabhäin/Christiansenlg63; A rich man (bro ti- . .
English: Baughman 19 66,Briggs 1970f . Al, 478ff .;Frcnch: Delarue / Tenö ze 1964ff. object, and soon the : -
II; Spanish, Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 1995tt.II; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; natural being for a ..: -
Portuguese: Oliveira L900ff.I, No. 11, Cardigos (forthcoming), Nos. 563, 563*A; ject. But thi5 one
Dutch: Sinninghe 1943; Frisian: Kooi 19844 Kooi/Schuster 1994, No. 14; Flemish: f.- . .
food; they beat hin-r :.:-;
Meyer 1968; Walloon: Legros L962;Gerrr.an: Ranke t955ff.If Tomkowiaklgg},
251, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996I, No.36; Swiss: Büchli/Brunotd-Bigler lg}gff.lll,
his rich neighbor. FIt . :
156ff.;Austrian: Haiding 1953, No.40; Ladinian: Decurtins 1896ff. II, No. 18; Italian: object to the poor m;.:-
Cirese/Seraf ini1975, Pitrö /Schend a et al. 1991, No. 19, Appari 1992, No. 34, De In some variants :r-.
Simone 1994, No.38; Corsican: Ortoli 1883, 171 No.23, Massignon1963, Nos.28, rich man and all his :,.=
31, 50, 74; Httngarian: MNK II; Czech: Tille t929ft. I, 516ff .,525ff .; Slovakian:
GaSparikovä 1991.f . I, Nos. 156, 217 , 222, 291, 319,II, Nos. 451., 582, GaSparikovä Combinations:480,503, 563, a-- -
2000, No. 14; Slovene: IGes 4 (1884) 451, Krauss/Burr et aI.2002, No. 45; Croatian: Remarks: Literary treatment, :r. :
Valjavec 1890, No. 19, Boökoviö-SfüLi1975b, No. 3; Macedonian: Popvasileva Types 563, 504 and 565 are o.rq
1983, Nos. 95, 11,6, 118, 126, Öepenkov/Penu§liski 1989 I, No. 61; Rlmanian: differentiated.
Schullerus 1.928; Bulgaian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek: Hallgarten 1,929, 1,60ff ., Literature/Variants: Aarne 1 9,- : --

Loukatos 1957, 121ff., Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish: KrzyLanowski 1962t. l; 1988b, 114-136; Scherf 1995 I, t_ _
Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav l9SB, No. 176; l+50-l 454 (C. Gotdberg ).
]ewish: Noy 1965, No.3, HabouchaL992; Gypsy: Briggs 1.970f. A1,478ff., MNK Finnish: Rausmaa t}B2tf .1, N, -
X 1; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974,Sab1tov Estonian: Aarne 1918, Loorits _ r: -
1 989; Chuvash, Tataq Mordviniary Vo gul / Mansi: Kecskem6t i
I P aunonen 197 4;
Aräis/Medne lq77; Lithuanjar: : l
Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; Yakut ürgis 1967, Nos. 108, 111,131,1.49,159,154,227, L_vdian, Karelian, Syrjanian: K.. -.
235; Kalmyk, Mongolian: Lörincz1979;Georgian: Kurdovanidze2}OO;Syrian: El- t96l; lrish: ö Su illeabhäin Ch r -:
Shamy 200!; Palestinian: Nowak 1969, No. 303, El-Shamy 2004;!ordanian,haqi, Catalan: Oriol /pu jol 2003; Fr -
Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Yemenite: Nowak 1969, No. 21.6,E|-sharny 2004;]-:.anian: Flemish: Meyer l96g; Germarr: '.,
Marzolph 1984; Afghan: cf. Grjunberg/Steblin-Kamenskov 1976, No. 39; Indian: No. 563.; ltalian:Cirese/Serarir. -
Thompson/Roberts 1960, jason 1989; Pakistani, Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts ian: Ga§parikovdlgglf.I, Nos. l_-
1960; Nepalese: Unbescheid 1982 No. 22; Clrinese: Grjunberg/Steblin-Kamenskov Stulli 1963, No. 40; Macedonian: F. :.
1976, No. 61, Ting t978;Thai: Velder 1968, No.3; Indonesian: Vries 1925f. II, No. 19o2f . l: Russian, Byelorus*iarr
91.,407 No. 18[ ]apanese: Ikeda 197l;Filipino: Fansler 1921, Nos. 231,282;Eng- Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1-958, Nos. 1i
lish-Canadian: Halpert/Widdowson 1996 I, No. 34; French-Canadian: Delarue/ 7974, Sabitov 1989; Chuvash: paas; --
Tenöze 1,964ff .II; North American Indian: Thompson 1919,413f .; US-American: 7974; Tatar, Mordvinian, Vogul i,,1.
Baughman 1966; French-American: Delarue/Tendze 1.964ff.II; Spanish-Ameri- Kralina 1961, No. 62; Siberian: Dr.:
can, Mexican: Robe 1973; Cuban, Dominicary Puerto Ricary Chilean: Hansen 152; Kalmyk Ostroumov 1g92, \o .:
Kurdovanidz e 2000; yemenite: El_S:. .

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J.f + Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Nepalese: cf. Unbescheid1987, No. 22; French-American: Delarue/TendzeL964ff. No. 264; Indonesian: Vries l!ll:-
II; Spanish-American: TFSP 6 (1927) 45tf., 27 (1957) 87f.; Spanish-Americary Inada f Ozawa 1977ff .; French.-r:
Dominican, Puerto Rican: Hansen1,957; Egyptian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; ican: Roberts 1974, No. 13, ' ::.
Tunisian: Nowak 1969, No. 216, El-Shamy 2004. American Indian: Wilbert Si::- -
1953; Egvptian: El-Shamr' 1.ry: ,
555 The Magic Mill. Apoor man receives a ham from his rich brother Congolese: Klipple loo2.
(the devil) who tells him to "go to the devil" with it. An old man
directs him to the devil" where he exchanges his ham for a mill that 566 The Three Magic OL,i;:
grinds anything its owner wishes (meal, salt [D1601.21.1], other (Including the pre. - .

food; a pot that fills itself with porridge [D1601.10.1,D1472.1.91). you11g man) each r.:.
Only its owner can command it to stop [D1651, D1651.3]. The poor (mannikin, enchar.:.* :.
man becomes rich. Cf. Type 480C*. iills itselt [Dl+]ll
His envious brother buys (steals) the mi1l, but he does not know [D1520, D1520.11], .: :--
how to stop it. It grinds such a quantity of food (flour, herrings, power [D1475.1]) -,--
porridge, etc.) that the man is overpowered (it fills the whole house owner of the pr,rrse .

with porridge [C916.3]). The real owner stops it and takes it back By a ruse (br pl
again. Often combined with the following episode: (magic objects). Its i,' :
A ship-captain steals (buys) the mill and commands it to grind they are stolen ar ' ..
salt. He also cannot stop it, and it grinds so much salt that his ship He eats magi. '-.. .

finally sinks. The mill keeps grinding at the bottom of the sea, and that cause and cure .-. -:
this is why sea-water is salty [A1115.2]. Cf. Types 563,564. removed).
He gives (se11: t:-. :
Combinations: 715. her head [Dqq] I L '
Remarks: The variants of the Types 563,564, and 565 are often mixed with each transformed intt, c .'.
other or they are not clearly differentiated. fruits only lr'herr -:-.-
Literature/Variants: Aarne 1909b,67,80; Krohn 1,931a,48-53; BP II, 438-440; magic objects [DS:- ,
HDM 1 (1930-1933) 320-323 (W. Heiligendorff); Christiansen 1959, tS4-187;
Liungman 1,961,,1,67-172; Schwarzbaum1968,24l;Fabula22 (1981) 37,50;Jason Combinations: This type ir Lrr.
1988b; Scherf 1.995II,885-889, 1167f.;Dekker et a1. 1997,424-426; Röth 1998; tvpes, esp. 518,567,569, ani.. .
Schmidt 1.999;EM: Wundermühle (in prep.). Remarks: The variants of thc T'. -: -
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, No. 100; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. I, Nos. other or they are not clearlr .l l:
32b(9),124; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne bination with Iype 5Oo.tLii.r -
1,977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytö1999tr.I; Lappistr, Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen
L974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Kristensen
e.g. Ccsln Romnnorum, \t,. l)
Literature/Variants: Charrr -. . - -
1881ff. I, No.27, Christensen/Bodker 1963f1., No.45; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; 479487; Aarne 1908, 83-142; -r''.- -
Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929; Scottish: Briggs 1970f. AI,4271;Irish ö Sriilleabhain/ 2 (193440) 200-207 (H. Dierr e ::.
Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tendze 19641f. II; Spanish: Camarena/ l5t'; Tubach lqOq, No.2l5l; \.:
Chevalier 1995tr.ß; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. II, No.
|. Uther); Mühlherr 1993; O1ml , , -
277, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Meder/Bakker 2001, No. 154, Kooi 2003, No. Dekker et al. 7997,133-136; Ii -
29;Frisianl. Kooi 1984a, Kooi/Schuster 1.993, No. 10; German: Ranke 1955ff. II, \4üh) herr); Rubi ni 2001.
Tomkowiak 1993,251, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996Il, No. 103;Austrian: Haiding
1953, No. 4; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1.978; Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tille
Finnish: Rausmaa 79821t.1, \i
-1.929ff.I,530f.; 125, 737; Estonian: Aarne 191E; L,: :
Slovakian: Ga5parikovä 1991f.1, No. 156, II, No.451; Slovene: 19991f .I; Lappish, Livonlan, i,,.:
Brezovnik 1894,97ff .; Macedonian: Popvasileva 1983, No.54; Bulgarian: BFR No. Liungman 1961; Norwegian: H.
565, cf. No. *480C**, Koceva 2002; Greek Kretschmer 1917, No. 50, Megas/
-'.

Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1,9621.1, No.565, cf. No. 238; Russian: SUS,
16, II, No. 44, III, Nos. 21, 55; Ir. ..

Christiansen 1963, No. 566, ci. \ -

Nos. 565, 565*, 5654.*; Ukrainian: SUS; Jewish: Noy 1963a, No. 31, Jason 1965, 1970f. AI,245ff.; French: Delaru.
1975; Cheremis/Mari: Sabitov 1989; Yakut: Ergis1967, Nos. 146, 147;Synan:El-
Chevalier 19951f.II; Catalan: Orr
Shamy 2004; Aramaic: Arnold1994, No. 1; Chinese: Ting 1978; Korean: Choi1979,
 '616L!oq):uearoy 19761 ;'ur- .-
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1g :uerrdg lLtL,9tI.soN , ,..^. -
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:qsrpams 1116l:uauourred/rlgura>lsra;tr :uersda14 'ueruozrrl 'qsrddel 1'llOOet :.
:aua^ols aIgF .oN ,II ,9g I .\
aldlaqra;1 :u€ruenq+I'I !776IaryaINlsfe;y:uer,t1e1 1816I atuey:ueruolsf, :ltl'gZL rllrf :Llrä,/J 1ll )Nr{ :upr.r .:
'soN '!116T
'I uevrrypH :qsrpa^rs-qsruur{ 1I0I 'oN 'llzg6l epursnu5 :r{sruurC
'I
.0002
Surpreg :uprrl\nV tC6 I o\
--
Iutqnd (rraqlqnntr 'II 'jJgg6l alueu :ueurral : -
'V) 'J09f (OOOZ) f ,f f uo)rxalrasseyaL :9661 qlAU 19€I-€€T ,1661 .lp lo ra)plaC 'oN'9002
!066-6g6,Il,g9t-99t,29ü-ggV,19661yaqcg i€66I ouqo 1066I rrarllqnlN l(rarpn'I loo»,FgI .oN /ILlrr: -: .
'oN'l I JJ00bl PIa^rlo:a\)n::
-H)VI-t(t86D t hlil 1986I ralsraulJoH 19t6I r,pIE 1€9IZ'oN '6961qteqn1!997
'1g')
/Euaretup3 :qsruedg tII ll;_.
tgg1lutneqzrpmqrs :Vlt-ZZt '1961 uetu8rmrl 1(a8roa,rarq 10Z-OOZ(Oü-üe6DZ Llqpällrns .
i6-0'IlI'ggt-VgV'Iäg16 'oN'EZ6I rTslassag :Zrl-tg /ulf g:q.Ul :.ll,t
I^ICH '9961 aurey 11BV-61fr lpg61 ueu.{l\J :asaoraEC tll ..
'I'l!868t allog/ralqg» 1f,Il€'oN '!199I'IL'lIZ68IuI^npq) :slueue^/arnlErallT uasualsrr) :LISrueC 1p961 au-- :
'(609I) Ie^ou ueuraD relndo; '(OZt 'oN ,an,Louuwog a1sa2 .2.a)
Llauouned / rlatua>lsJa) :Lrpr-.r- - :
sa8y apprTrtr aql q paluarunrop ]srlJ suonrpeq dreralrl ('99g addl q11vr uoqeurq aupa141/slery:uer^]e.I 1926r !, _
-uro) E ruory aleur8rro Äevt 199 addl) 'palequaraJllp ,,(pea1c +ou are daql ro raqlo 'soN'I'JlI6I uetu)lEH :L{si'..:
rppa q+r^ paxrur ua+Jo arc y l9g pue ' l9g '999 sad,l7 aql Jo sluerru^ ar{I :slreuray
'gEtpue 'yt99't99'299'099'00v'9oe /20€ os1e plue '699't9g'8Ig 'dsa 'sadd1 1866I tlleu lgzt-tzv,166t -,,, -_.
Jarüo arour ro auo 1o saposrdo rpr.tr paurqruoc dlensn sr addl sq1 :suorlpurqruoJ uose{ 169' l€ (186l)ZZ elnqel -.-'
!lBI-tgL /696I uasuprlsr-rll-) _,,
'69 adAT'D'[Z';LEIA '968C 'I'I88C] spafqo ar8etu 109-8n iPI€1, -. _
:oti-B€h 'II JB i
sn{ urn}ar o1 sasnuo;d pue +Jaq} raq sassaJuo) ar{s uar{,vr dpo slrn.ry
Surpag aq+ raq sllas eH '([79g ad$ 'p] daluop e olur parurorsuerl qJPa LI+I-{\ paxrur uauo aJE cu. : -.
sI'll'91€,Iel asou 3uo1 e srvror8 aqs) [I'gltlc ,I'266q] peaq raq
uo azroJ8
suror{ pue qrn.r; cr8etu aq} ssacurJd aq} (sllas) sarrr8 ag
'(paaoure.r 'r99'€99 sad,(1
13 '- :
are pu€ /peaq aq+ uo aa.or8 suroq) luaruarn8r;srp arnr pue asne) ler{+ puP /Päq aql Jo t-uolloq äq] ti. :
()rtrp cr8etu 'salqela8an '1nu'ßry'aydde) slrnr; ;r8eur slea aH drqs srg lpr{} lles LIJnur os (1,i,- -
.IIaM se ua1o1s are daql puu8 o1
]r spueurluor pue Tl:,-.
pue 'sraqlorq srq yo spafqo cr8eur agq sla8 ;au.uo q1 .(spa[qo cr8eu) :aposrda Bui-,...
as.rnd aq+ sleals ssaf,urrd ([S'f SSC] sprec Surdeld dq) asn; e.4g pee ll sa>lel pue 1r sdols ra-. :
"rD 'asrnd ar{} ro raumo asnoll aloLl.lt aLI] slllJ 1r) pa:a .r --
aql yo a1d1s-aJrl snoroluelS agt sacrlou 3ur1 aql '(lt'SlVtcl,l.raa,rod 'sBur.uaq,rnoU) pooJ ;o ir:-..
s8urrq ro srarplos saqsrurry leq+ altslr{ilt ro urorl € ,[II.SZ9IC1 ,6Z9ICI] MouI ]ou saop aq lnq,1[ur at.: .
a.rag.udue raumo slr sa{e} 1eq1 der ro }eof, e ,[I97IC] flas]r sllg
1eq1 asrnd e t[l' 0 IVTO'I ZgN'Z I gC] ( ssaruud paluer{)ua'tr»truueru) .rood aq1 [C.tSq tO ,t Eq IC .:
]
Suraq prnleu.radns E ruory pafqo cr8eru e alrarar qeea (ueru Sunod '
([e' rz;te'r'or rogrc] aF:,. -
e 'srarplos) sraqlorq aarql ('*ggg addl snorrra.rd aqt 8urpn1tu1) ralllo '[I'IZ'I09IO] lles ,[paLr -
('snleunpog) 's#ruJ p{tapuolyl aqt pua spa[qg ct?apy aailll aql 99S ier{i IIru e ro, rueq srq sa8ueu: ,
uPLU plo uv .jl r.lllM ,,lr.rap r. I
' raqloJq Llrrr
7661 alddtla :esalo8uo3 sn-[ uroq urErl P .: .:
1Z€ 'oN /968I ourunls :uerrorotrAtr :Z'Ett1,'oN ,I 966I drueqglg :ue4dd8g 19961
sra,{^old :sarpul pa74!.61'77y1CI 'oN '266I nEauourrs/lraqlrM :uerpul uerrraruv
q+rlos lVZ 'oN '166I lala)uv :u€)rraurv-r{)uatl llel 'oN ,716I s}raqou :ue)r :yg67 ,{Lueq5-,, ,unrroro^ r-o ...
-ralrrv-Sn lIJ'IlV96l azaual/anrEIaC :uerppue)-rlruarC !' llllOte MezO /uerrratrrv-r1sruedg
f epeul :.llB (196l_
'IßT epa7.l:asauude{ 16gI 'oN l1V 'gil 'oN ,II .19Z6I sarr :uersauopul 1792 .oN 'llf96I azQuaJ/anrelac :uprrralui_ _
CCC rr3e141 ;o sapl nSz lcc t8z J{c
--- "
336 Hans-Jörg Uther TFC 281 FFC 284

49, II, No. 304, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Sinninghe 1943; Frisian: Kooi rvunderbare V. (in prep.).
1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968,Meyer lSinninghe '1,976; German: Ranke 1955ff. II, Finnish: Rausmaa 7982ff .I, \t. _ _
Tomkowiak L993,251,f ., Grimm KHM/Uther 1996II, No. 122; Austrian: Haiding Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latr.ian: :,:.
1953, No. 12;Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975, Pitrö/Schendaetal.1991,,Nos. 1Z 18; I; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925; Lir ;:-
Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: T1lle 1929ff .1, 514f ., DvoIäk 1978, No. 2153; Slo- Paunonen 1974; Swedish: Litu- -
vakian: Ga§parfkovä 1991.f.I, Nos. 216, II, Nos. 453,488,526,567; Slovene: Krek 5r,7; Irish: Ö Suilledbhäin Clr: -
1.885, 'l.09ff .; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928; Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek: Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier , --
Hahn 1918 | No. 44, Megas/Puchner 1998; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 60; polish: Oliveira 1900ff. I, No. 49, II, \ - :
Krzy2anowski L962f.I; Russian, Byelorussian: SUS; Lkrainian: SUS, No.566, cf. Bakker 2001, No. 247; Fler.r-rish i.l
No.580*; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 174 (6-9),1741Y 7,175;!ewish: KHM/Uther 1996I, No.60, II I.
Noy 1963a, No. 32, Haboucha 1992, No. **566A; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Cheremis/ 2001, No.567*; Austrian: Hai.r -r:
Mari: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen'1.97 4, Sabitov 1989; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; No. 21. X, No. 2; Italian: Crr.-. i
Yakut: Ergis 1967, No. 154; Buryat, Mongolian: Lörincz 1979; ieorgian: 7929f1. I, 257, 346f ., 548ff; Slor-a^,:
Kurdovanidze 2000; Palestinian: Nowak 1969, No. 131, El-Shamy 2004; !or- Nos. 526, 567; Slovene: Kres :
danian, Oman, Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Persian Gulf: Nowak 1969, No. 131; Djordjeviö 1988, No. 20; Croar.,::-
Yemenite: Nowak 1969, No. 131, E1-Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/Roberts Vroclavski 19791.II, No. 18, pL,p. :: -
1960; Chinese: Ting 1978; Vietnamese: Karow 1978, No. 14; Indönesian: Vries 1989 I, Nos. 66,77,II, Nos. 1Er,. , -
1,925f . 1I,407 No. 189; English-Canadian: Halpert/Widowsen 1996 l, No. 35; Koceva 2002; Greek: Hahn i:.-.
French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff.II; North American Indian: Thompson Krzyzanowski 1962f.I; Russial-r E, .
1919,399f1.; French-American: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff.II; Spanish-American, Boratav 1953, \o. 174; Jer,r i.h: h . .

Robe 1,973, Nos. 566, 566*A; Mexican: Robe 1973; Guatemalary Colombian: 1986; Cheremis/Mari: Sabitor' 1 - : -
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.II; Puerto Rican, Chileary Argentine: Hansen 1957; 1974; Kurdish:Di.alilaet al. 19S" 1.,
West Indies: Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: Parsons t923bl, No. 80; Egyptian: 1967, No. 11,3; Bury at, Mongo1 i...:-
Nowak 1969, No. 131, EI-Shamy 2004; Algerian: EI-Shamy 2004; Moroicän: El- Palestinian: E1-Shamy 200;1;,\r..:
Shamy 2004, Nos. 566, 580*. 1969, No. 130; Iranian: Marzoh.l- - -
567A,Jason 1989; Pakistani, ir-
-
567 The Magic Bird-Heart. A man eats the heart of a magic bird and Kasevic/Osipov 1976, Nos. , : .-_
thereby receives the power of spitting gold [8113.1] (of finding a 1925ff .I, No. 86, II, 407 No. 190; T.:-::
coin under his pillow every day,he becomes king [D1561.1.1,M272. Tenäze l964ff .11; US-American
3]). A woman (his own wife) causes him to vomit the bird-heart, eats Puerto Rican: Hansen7957; l\-e.: _
.

Moroccan: Basset 1887, No. l: :

it herself (because she learned its secret from an old woman)
[D861.5] and casts him out. He finds a magic herb that transforms
Namibian: Schmidt 1989 II, No -

people into donkies [D965, D983, D551.2,D732.1.,D661.]. With the

help of the herb he changes the woman to donkey (and makes it
567A The Magic Bird-HeLtrt .,.
condemned to death : -
work hard). Cf. Type 566.
her [K2111, 5322.4])are ..--
In some variants he changes the woman back to a human being
(magic object, magic .:
and marries her.
and the other produce :
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other ing). (The magic bircl rr .-
types, esp. 300, 303, 51,8,531,,566, and567A. their mother] but thc b-
Remarks: Probably of Oriental origin (see !u!i-Ndme and Somadeva,s Katha- The brothers fl€e ...

saritsagara). The variants of the Types 566, 567 , and s67 A are often mixed with [N311]). The etder brotl- =:
each, other or the,y are not clearly differentiated. (Typ" s67 may originate from a a royal elephant [H1;_ ,
combination with Type 566.) Often an introduction to Type 303. foreign king who {orces :-
Literature/Variants: Polivka 1900a; Aarne 1908,53--2OO; Krohn 1931a,4548;Bp of a shipowner who sa;:
I, 528-556, IlI,3-9; Ranke 1934b,113-'J.30; Schwarzbaum 1968,90; Dammann sail [5264. l]. He is ca.t r, .
1978;Schwarzbaum 1980, 281;EM4(1984a50; Pritchett 1983; Ohno 1993; Scherf
a Iseveral] brides). Final_-.
1995 I, 265-268, 514-517, 577-581., 755-758, lI, 1454-1.461; Röth 1998; Schmidt
brother is freed (the eld.
1999; Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004, Nos. Gt, gB0, 475; EM: Vogelherz: Das
him).

§s§k.
ri§
 '(uH seq :zraq1a8o^ :hlg lglt 'ir::
spury pue reglorqla8unol srq ro1 saq)rcas rapla aq1) paary sr req+orq 1866I q]9U llgtm;. -.
lplurlrs
ra8unod aql pue palrunar arc srar{+orq aq} diln.rlg'(sapr.rq [pralas] e
Jraqrs 1066I olrr{O 1€86I }lal{,-: -
uueurrueq !06'8961 lunEqz*: . _
srrrm plre ?u€l luels1p E rrr sa^rrre 'preoqralo ls€r sr aH 'lt'VgZSl1es
,,(eru drqs patuleraq sfl{ leql os rufl{ saJr1rr)es oqaa. raumodss e 1o dAlgt-SV 'pt€6t uqor):00. ,.
spueq oW olur slle1 aq) plo8 acnpord o+ lurq saJro1 oq.tr 3rn» u8rarol '969 addl ot u -
e dq panelsuo sr raqlorq ra8unod aql '([I'17IH] iueqdala pdo.r e e urorJ aleur8rro deur 79c ad-i- -
qll.4{ paxlu uauo are vlgc .a,.:
1o dlaq aqr qyzvr) [SSSN] Surx se uasoqJ sr ror{+orq rapla aql (tII€Nl
-u1.l4u»s,e^apELuos pue alul_' - .
lalerrr Surgclay uaqzvr) paleredas are pue aalJ sraqlorq aqJ
('a>le+srur dq +1 lea sreqlorq aql lnq [ragloru.rraql
dq] uosrad rar{}oue roJ IEau e se pa.redard sr prrq cr8etu aq1) '(3ur
raqlo aroru Jo auo ;o seposrda ;:
-d,rc) SurqBnEI uaqm (sauols snorcardi plo8 acnpo;d;aqto aql pue
€ur» e auoreq auo alpru IIIM leql ('cp !rnr1 cr8etu'pa[qo cr8eur) Suraq uetunq e ol )Jeq uplUr-....
prrq or8elu e yo sped lea daqf '[ZfS»] pa.reds aru (1tr'77gg,IIIZ»l raq
pallnsur a,teq dagl surrelr raqtorudals asoqm) q+eap o] pauuapuoJ
]r sa{eur pue) ,{a1uop ol uE,!:..
sraqlorq oMI'sßtllo.tg papwdag aql puu uaaH-ptlg cßay1 aqa ylgg at{l r{}tM 'ltsga'tz€,tcl,c I j:
surrorsuer] +eql qraLl rr8eui : .
I,e t:3; (uetuo,ru.
ry. plo ue ürorJ Jolti:: :
! :
7 6 61 a§. dqs ue ) rIJV $e a !, o oz {*r,{s-zff ; il i ::TJä H:: #N
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siea'Upaq-prlq aq++}uo,\ ol u-.,
l€16l aqo11 :ue)rraruv-r{syedg:9961ueruq8neg :ue)rraruv-Sn llt.ilVSil azQual
'ZIIN'l l't99tCl 3ur1 saur,.: ,.
.o51 e Surpur; Jo) [I'€IIS] plo8 S: -
/onrEIaC :uerppue3-rpuatg!1761epa11 :asauede{ tg61 7gt,II,gg.oN ,I .H9Z6I
sarr :uersauopul!gl6l3ur1 :asaurq3 :96l'1p,Z6l,gl.soN ,916I aodrsg/cr,tase;tr pue prrq rr8etu e Jo lrEaLI a-r: :
:asorurng 1096I s+raqou / uosdruogl :uelue.I uS,rue+sDlEd : 6g6L uose {,V lgg
'oN'096I slraqoS/uosdurorll'p :uerpul :ng61qd1ozrclN:ueruerl 10€I .oN,696I
)B,{^oN :ueruupro{ 1I7 'oN
,y661p1outy:)reruprv 17997 ,r(ureqg-If, :ueruqsaled -lg :uerrorotr l 17697 dr.ueq5-1g ,_.
.
! ! : :uerldd8g 10g 'oN ,1 qg761 sr-r.-.^.
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^oprn)
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-'
uauounEd/rlalualsra) :uerur^protrAl ,rc1e7!6g61^olrqes :uEtr 1/srluaraq) 19g6l :uPrqluolo] /ur?lerualenS 1Ej. -
e^arlv :ea8dpy 11 X )NI I :dsdd3 Z66leqlnoqeg :qsrrvraf t72I .oN ,096I :up)rraruv-qsruedg 1II .Ilt96I r_.
^E+€rog
.17961asmotrczf,ztS1 uosduoql :uprpul upJrraury u-: .
/preqraqg :qsplrnI lSnS:uerurc.r1q,uerssruoladg,uelssn5 1I
:r{srlod i866I rauqrnd/se8a61 '90 'oN ,I gL6I ur{eH :{aarD 17967 e,raoo;q 1Et oN 'l q66I uasmoprM :- '...
'4gg :uerreSlng:gz6lsnrallm{rs :ueruElun}I :06l ,ggl.soN ,II ,ll,99.soN,l6g6L sarr^ :uersauopul 1fI 'oN ,g_r _
pls{§nuad/^oluada; ,Z6,W.soN,6g61 e,rapsezr.dod ,gI .oN,II .}616I pls^elror suaqo5/uosdtuoql :uerpul :r
:ueruopare14l 1€,'oN'096I IIIqS-?r^o{Qog:uer}EorJ 10Z.oN ,9961 rr.r.afpro[q lItI 'oN /696I Te-^,r.oN :Jlrl.1 ,-.
-rr^osolq /Qr,ta[profg :uerqras :OVZ (AggD g sar» :oua^ols llgg ,9Zg soN -tol!tr997 drueq5-1g,I€I .o\ :-
'Il'll66Ig,ro>yredse3 ''lllg'lI'l6Z6Ie4 Ilod:uPr»e^ols.ilgbg,.l9r€,,lgz,I.116Z6I :uer8roa2 :616I n:urry-I :uE: :
allrJ :qrazJ 1II »Ny{ :uerre8ung 1916;turyeßS/asarrJ :ueqpry 1Z'oN ,X ,IZ .oN 16661 ue[1e11nD :ueruarury :r::.
'll'1196gl suqrnracl :uerurpeT i69I .oN ,69618urprcp1:uprrlsn17 1*l9E .oN ,1002 /sruaraLlJ lt X »trplt :dsd,i3 -: _
ra8rag'69 'oN 'r 1661 n\Ifiluralsqca8 ,ZZI .oN ,II ,09 .oN ,t ,661 .rar{tOlltff» :qsr,M,a[ :Sll' I Llill,(6-9) I :r. .
ruurrrD 'II 'JJgg6I a)u€U :ueura):996I rada141 :qsruralC !lVZ.oN /1002 r»Heg 'p'999 'oN'sos :uPrureDlll tq ^.
.oN,II,67 .oN,1. :LIsrIod 109'oN,996I opaN :up._--
/ rapar { :Lp+nC 1(Sur,.,olErol) so8rpre3,?0t 11006I prra^rlo
: :lrar) 12002
:asan8nyo4 : EOOZ 1re.t:nd I lorro :ue1elpJ ltt. »Se61- rarle^aq3 / uuareruu3 gsruedg p^r)o) A{g :upr- :
ltt'filgq ozQuaJ/aruplaC :r{ruard 1€96I uasueEsuq)/urgqqeallF,rs O :qsrrl llgg 1ar) :aua^ols !199'9Z9,g8i ,t!; .
'oN'J09I'y961 aupo11 :uer8ar,rro51 !1961ueut?unr-I:qsrpar\S :tr76iuauowne4 -ols 1€9IZ oN '816I l9*o^C . j: _
/Ilgure)sca; :uprlare» 'uprloM 'uersde14 'ueruo^r-I !9761 peqs?tr§ :qsrddel 11 1BI 'lI 'soN '166I'le la ppuaqrc :
'1166614Äpqta) :ueruenq]g:116l aupa61/sfpry:uurl+e-l 19161 aurey :ueruo]sf, .
3urpre11 :uprrlsnv IZZI 'oN ,II 9r:
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'('dard ur) 1 areqrapuna,t roo) :uersrrC 19761 aq8uruurs :..1
L€,T, rr8e11 1o sa1e1 trBZ ICC 782 JC{
q
ü
.--.'leltlf .'''ilffi
üilifi ,rmmum__
|q
338 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC 284

Combinations: 300, 303, 518, 566, and 567. Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, N o -
Remarks: The variants of the Types 566,567, and567A are often mixed with each Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latr-iarr: -
other or they are not clearly differentiated . (Type567 rrray originate from a combi- I; Syrjanian: Kecskem6ti / Parlr-. -- r- :
nation with Type 566;Type 567Ais probably an Indian version.) Hodne 1984; Danish: Kristen.t:-
Literature/Variants: Chauvin l892ff. y, 208tf . No. 120; Aarne 1908, SZ-200; Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/ Chris:.--:- -
Pritchett 1983; Ohno 1993;Elr4 Vogelherz: Das wunderbare V. (in prep.) Spanish: Camarena/Chelahe: -
Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen L974; German: Lemke l8}4tf.II, 221 No. 45, Oliveira 1900ff. I, No.32, Car.:.: -
Behrend 1908, No. 11, Merkelbach-Pinck 1967,1l3ff.; Italian: Cirese/Serafini Ranke 1955ff. II, Uther 19!-'.. l
1975;Htngarian: Gaäl 1970, No. 5; Serbian: KaradLi( 1932 No. 26,Djordjevlöl Bechstein/Uther 1997 II, \., j j
MiloSevi6-Djordjeviö 1988, Nos. 20, 21.; Croatian: Ardaliö 1908a, No. 4, cf. Ladinian: Wildhaber, L ffer I .-
Bo§kovi6-Stulli 1,963, No. 43; Macedonian: Popvasileva 1983, Nos. 44,92, 11,4; MNK II; Serbian: Eschker 1y-_ l
Rumanian: Birlea t966II,354tf .,IIT, 445f.; Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek: 294ff.; Slovakian: Ga§parikor : -
Laogrdphia2l (19631 64) 49-Lff.;lewish: Noy 1963a Nos. 12, 20, ]ason t965,1975, 582; Slovene: Gabr§öek 191i :-=
1988a; Gypsy: Mode l993ff.III, No. 142; Abkhaz: Sakryl 1975, No. 29; Cheremis/ Loukatos 1957, 121ff., Di1ler, -._
Mari, Tatar: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Armenian: Hoogasian-Villa 1965, No. Byelorussian, Ukrainiar-r: SL S
1.2;Uzbek: Afzalov et al. 1963 I, 104ff.,1I,752ff.; Kalmyk, Buryat, Mongolian: 13); Cypsy: Briggs 1970f . .{ I .:
Lörjncz 1979; Tuva: Taube 1978, No. 49; Palestinian, Persian Gulf : Nowak 1969, Paunonen 1974; Kalmvk: L.li_r - =
No. 131, El-Shamy 2004;lraqi, OmarL Kuwaiti, Qataq, Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004; Thompson/Roberts 1960, B j:--. -
Iranian: Marzolph 1979,33ff.,94ff.; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 196e Jason 1989; 1976, No. 147; Indonesian: \:... , -
Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov 1976, No. 112; Chinese: Tingl97B; Indonesian: Vries Delarue/Tenö ze 1964ff . II; \.-;.;- .
1925f.II, No. 133; Spanish-American: Robe l973;Egypttan: Nowak 1969, No. 131, US-American: Baughmar.r 1.,:': :
El-Shamy 2004; Algerian, Moroccan, Sudanese: E1-Shamy 2004. Spanish-American: TFSP 5 r;'_-
Hansen 1957;Mayan: Peflalr..: -
569 The Knapsack, the Hat and the Horn. The youngest of three poor Shamy 2004.
brothers obtains a magic object [D840, D1470.7] (table-cloth, napkin,
table, mill) that magically produces foodlD7472.1.22l. Onhis way 570 The Rabbit-Held. -\ :.:'- .
he exchanges the object for a knapsack that can produce an army can herd (catch, tamr .:.
[D1,475.4] (magic weapon, sticlg sabre, cudgel out of the sack). By sheep, goats, geese :-:
means of this he secures the first object again [D831]. In the same H11121.
way he gets other magic objects that furlction as weapons (hat), The younge.t : -
make walls fall down (hornlD7222)) provide him with unlimited whom his brothers .,.. =:.-
quantities of money, let him cover enormous distances (seven- which he can slr1rlnr. r-
league boots, flyingcarpet), produce a castle (etc.), or resuscitate the marriage, members -:."-
dead (violin" flute). buy one of his ral.l. r-
Back home he lives a glamorous life. The magic objects are stolen iating act (e.g. jtrrrrl- --
from him by a cunning guest (king, princess, neighbor). By using the somersaults, attach-:- :
last object he recovers them all. With the help of the magic horn he cutting flesh orrt or -
destroys the attacking army and kills the king and his daughter; or, ing an animal Cärcä>:
he resuscitates the people he has kilted, makes peace with the king, [K1288] or of a pers! r-
marries the princess, and inherits (hatf of) the kingdom. sleeping with him, Il\ .
In some variants the king is attacked by enemies. The boy res- young man whistle. ,,:- ,
cues him from danger using his magic objects, and marries theprin- Not willing to ac1::-. .
cess. Cf. Type a65A. man should fill a sack -
that the "lies" are ac:....
combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other
[K127 1.1.1), he aruror,r:- :-
types, esp. 300, 326, 400, 465, 563, 566, 592, and 926* .
marriage.
Literature/Variants: BP I,464485; Stolleis 1980; ]ust -1991,46-57; Scherf 1995 I,
397403,11,966-969,t393-r396,1396-1398;Röth 1998; EM 11,1 (2003)212219 (J.
Combinations: This type i: u:rr.
van der Kooi).

-xhi

-
 ralllo aroru ro auo Jo saposrda LIIrlnt pauqruor dllensn sr adft sry1 :suopeulquoJ 'I) ercllz(tood t'tt I\tE1sc,: - , l
'l cbbl JrrLlrS:lg-qr,Ibbl )-
'aBerr.reur .-
aq] o] saar8e pue dn paIIrJ sr )JES aq] +eq1 sarunouue aq'[;T'llZT)] .ralllo a.roru Jo auo ]o saposrcla ,.-
dpurel pdor aql alerlrunr{ leq} sr{}nr} d1eryce are ,fall,, aql }eqi
sazqear 3tr»1 aqt uaqM '[SfOiH] (sq+ru+) sarl ro 1res e ppoqs ueur 11rr
o1 8uryr,vr .
Sunod aql :{se} rarüoue slas Strr» aq} '}eaJap lprpe log -Lrr.rd aql säuleLU pup 'c])Jt,l
'u4q ol >peq saluo) llqqer aql pu€ sallslqm ueru Sunod -sar doq aqJ 'sarulalra ,iq p.;..1.
aql 'pallrllnl are spueurap aqt ra+,V'([SSgf»] tun{ q}IM Surdaals .uop8u»1 aLIl (lo :.
-
Jo run{ Surssrl'luaruaJ)xa 8ur}ea'druopos 'uosrad e Jo Jo [SgZf»] '3uq aqt LIlI,u aread saIELLL ::
Ieurue ue Jo oprs)f,eq arp Surssq'r{}aa} rplrlt sseJJeJ leurrue ue 8ur to lralq8nep srLI pue 3ut1 at : .
-.rea1 'u»1s raq/sn{ Surpue"rq'dpoq urra.o raq/sq }o tno r{sag 8ur+}nc aq uroll cr8eru aql 1o dlaq a,,r_ -
.
'ualeaq Suraq 'tuo11oq raq ro srq o1 1od e 8urqce11e 'sllnes,ratuos aql Sursn ,{g'1roqu13rau '{-).'. .
3uru.rn1 'allslqrv\ aq1 o1 Surcuep €a1 auo uo Surdurn['3'a; ice SuIleI ualols ar€ slcafqo rr8er-u aq1 .,
1.unq Surpe.r8ap e spueurap ueur Sunod aql 'slrqq€r srq 1o auo dnq
o1 dr1 (asrn8srp uO dpure; pdor aql 1o (sarrndap) sraquraru €Serr.reur aLIl alelr)snsar ro '('lla) all-iu-- i r.
aql pro^e ot rapro vl'l6TIWIA] sllqqer aql uorutuns uer aq qrrqm -ua.tas) saJuelsrp snollrlLri.: - l
qlIM altslq^{ crSeru e sa^racar pue (puplun aral\,\ srerDorq slr{ tuor{.^/I palruulun LlllM LUrL[ apr ro:.i -
o1) ueuroivr. plo ue ol pupl sr sraqlorq aarlll Jo lsa8unod aq1 '(leg) suodeam se uorl)ur1l -:-:.
'lztttu aures aq] uI IISSC] ure8e 1r;.,:
'g€tH '89I] due 8ursol ]noqllm (sa8prrl.red 'asaa8 'sleo8 'daaqs ,(g '(1ces aLIl Jo lno la8pnr r ,:.
'sralsoor) s+Iqqer (;azvra;.ro a;our) gg1 srq (uel1 'atue] qrleJ) praq ueJ ,(u;p ue arnpo.rd up) ]pLll \: ,-.-
ra^aorlm otr a8errreru ur;alq8nep sru srago 3urr1 y 'pßH-llqqaü aqt OLg de,u srq uO'[Z7lZM q] prrrr.. :
'urldeu'qlolr-alqel) [t.OZf tC -
"rood aarql ;o lsa8uno,r a{l .ii*.-
1g :ue4ddeg 10q6I sra^old :sarpul tsaplz66lpsoleuad :uede141 rl??t"lä'H
:ue)rll ogond 'u€rrururoq 1916l aqo6 'lV-gV (lZ6D 9 dSdI :uecrraruy-qsruedg .7967.{ureqs_r1 _-
:il'Hn96L azaual anrelaq :uerrraruv-q)uarC !9961 ueuty3neg :uerrraruv-SIl
/ 'ItI oN /696I )ie^,\oN :ueqc1.i:_ :
IBOV'9OV'tytr '6161 uosduolll :uerpul uerrraruv L[+roN :II'fii96I azQuaI/anrelaq sarr :u€rsauopul!gl6L 3ur1 ::..,.
:uplpeueJ-qruarC 116I 'oN l0ü'II'€ 'oN 'I'19Z6I sarr :uersauopul:lrl 'oN ,916I 1696 1 uosc [ '0q6 l slrrqoU ucr -]
7
.r.odrsg or,lasp» :asaurng i6g'oN /I 002 urnq{r elg' 09 6I sgoqo5 / uosduroql :ygg7,{Lue115-lf :dluarur^ rp. -
:uerpul 10002 !
/696I
_.
azprue^oprn) :uet8roe3 6 16I zrutt,l :1drup; lV 761 uauoune 4 1e.rt,roN:JInD uersrad,Lr. ,
/q9ura)sra) :rsue4/p8on 1r x )NI t '96€'ogt 'lV '1016r s83rrg :dsddg l(61 :uer1o8uo141'1e^,(rng,1.,(u1ey -_-
-n) ill 69I 'oN '€E6I :qsqrnJ lSnS :uprureDln ,uerssnroladg 'oN '996I elpn-uerseSooH :Lrr.,.: -
^elerog/preqraqg 'soN
tuerssn5 1866I rauqrn4/se8e7rtr '0, 2g 'Zg6l ßIl\q^illzl'196l solelno-I srLUdrrLl] :oZ'oN'§lOI I iL) :
:)aarD 14gg :uerre81rrg, !'llqg tV16I rcqlog ^llgrt '016I )a?§rqeD :aua^ols jzgg '9loI 'tqbI uo\P['02 'ZI :
'199'lBü'Ig7 'soN 'II'16Z'ZZZ'9gI'soN 'I '116619^o>Vrudse3 :ue»ye 'o\ ,:
:)arrJ 12002 p^rro) dlB:ucr_ .
^oIS:'llV6Z
1 U ^llztg ^lrz9 'I'116Z6I allrJ :qrazJ 1I0 'oN /266I ra)qrsg :uerqras lII )NI,n{ :tlt'26 'rf ''oN ,t8ol n \rlrrL. ..
:uerre8unll 1702'oN '7661ueddy:ue\eillllllltIßI ß!!llltaqeqpllM:uelrrpe-I 'Jl 'oN /Eg06I
'tr lrlpprv :rrLi:,.
!0rT '16,79 'soN ,6961 3urprc11 :uerrlsnv 1€g .oN ,lI 166l raqtn/ula+sr{rag ,7g6y ttzpt^,. :
7rr,rafp.rofq'92 'oN
'ü9 'oN 'I 966l raqln/I IH) ururrD '?z 'oN /e066I raqln ']II'lJgg6l a)u€u rurJeras/asarr] :uerlell 1 Jl€t'. _-.
:ueruraD 19961 radayq:r{srural{ 1(Surruocqlro;) so8rpre3,Zt'oN,t.gOOOf erra^{O '9r'oN LZZ'il'llt8ll alual r-...
:asan8nlro4 i€002 Io[n.I/Iorro :uele]e) :ß'ilg66l rar1e^al{J/Euarelue3 :qsruedg ( dard ur) 1 areqrapun ,.. -.
ltt'llVg't azQua-I/anrelaC :qruarC 19961 uasuer+suq.)/urpqqealIrs g :r{s]rl 1002-€9 'g06I aurev l0ZI .o,\ -__
:g1t'Iy '10161 s88rrg :r{sqlors 1€g 'oN ,nI '#IggI uasuo}srr) :qsruuq irg6l aupoH ( uorsJa^ uprplll .:.
:uer8arvr;o111 !1961uett3uwT:r{srpams '.n161uauouned/rtgua)sra;1 :ueruefrdg 11 -rquoJ e uo;1 aleur8r,ro ipr_u _-_
'11666191f,1aqa) :ueru€nq+yl Ll6l aupaT,q/slgry:uer^le.I 1g16I
aur€V :ueruo]sil LlJea qlr.^{ paxrLu uauo are
,I.llzg'Ieprusneu:r{sruurd : -..
vlg.
1€ZI'oN'I'1116l uEuDIreH:r{srpaMs-qsruuC 1€0I .oN
6€€, rr8e141 ;o sqel tSz lcc ,82 fcc
EIE
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:
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340 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2S= rFC 284

types, esp. 5138,554,571,850, and also 303,502, 513A, 610,851, 853, 852 1000, No. 109; Megas/Puchner 199S , --:
1115, and 1020C. 193 (6-8); jewish: Jason 1965, \,--' ,
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. l, 428f., 464f.;Bp III,267-274;Dögh Iq6q, No.218; Palestinian: I ,r-.: -

1989; EM 6 (1990) 558-563 (L. D6gh); McCarthy 1.993; Scheri1995I, 574-577,11, El-Shamy 2004; Egyptian: Nor.. ,:. -
1277-1280; Dekker et al. 1997, 188f.; Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999; EM: Sack voll (1914) 205-277, 272-2t5, Lacc...
Lügen oder Wahrheiten (forthcoming). \4oroccan: Grim 1983, 82ff., El-:-.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tf.I, No. 104; Finnish-swedish: Hackman 1917f. I, Nos.
109b(8), 127;Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne
|977;Li1Jnuanteru Kerbelyte l999ff.I;Lappish: Qvigstad 1925; Karelian: Kecskem6ti/
570* The Rat-Catcher, Il-. .

Paunonen 1,974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish:

and mice. A man .-1:...-
Skattegraveren 9 (1888) 161-164, No. 492 Andersen/Perlet\996 I, No. 13; Ice- inhabitants that he r,. :
landic: Sveinsson 1929;Scottish: Briggs 1,970f. AI,336ff.; Irish: Ö Sriilleabhain/ lures the animals ou:':-
Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tenöze1964ff.II, Hoffmann 1973,No.5708; The citizens refu.e r, :.
Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.II; Catalan: Oriol/Pujot 2003; Portuguese: goes away emptt'-l...:r- :.
Coelho 1985, No.45, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Kooi/Schuster Later, he co[nr- .- :

1994, No. 19; Flemish: Meyer 1958; German: Ranke 1955ff. II, il, 188f., Tomkowiak and all the chiidren :,--
1993,252, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996III, No. 165, Bechstein/Uther 1997l, No. 31; mountairy and ther
Swiss: Uffer 1972,1,86ff .; Austuian: Haiding 1953, No. 29,Haiding1969, Nos. 3,98; 1.21.
":.
Italian: Cirese/Serafini1.975; Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 33; Hungarian:
MNK tr Czech: Tille 1929ff.If 1.,279ff.,303ff.,307ff.,319ff.; Slovakian: Gaspar(kovä Remarks: Documented in the ::- -_-.
1991f.I, Nos.26, 44,244; Slovene: Miliöinski 1917,713ff.;Macedonian: eepenkov/ Literature/Variants: Chaur-irr , :: l
PenuSliski 1,989 III, No. 237; Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek: Kretschmer
1917, No. 34, MegaslPuchner 1998; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 61; Polish:
Rumpf 1962f.; Dobbertin 19. t
Humburg 1985; Mieder 19t5; S:..--...
KrzyLanowskil962f.I, No. 515; Russiary Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: \orwegian: Hodne 198-1. lr -1. -
Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 58 III (var. h), 182III 1 (var. a), L82Y,232IY 3a;
Jacobs 1894b, 1ff.; German: Kuj-r :
]ewish: Cahan 1931, No. 31.; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, Nos. 112, 15, Merkelbach-Pinck 7967, 17'_.: :
113; Cheremis/Mari: Sabitov 1989; Siberian: Soboleva 1984; Georgian: Kurdovanidze I, No. 245; Austrian: Haidinc _ : ^ .
2000; Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004; Chinese:Ting1978; French-Canadian: Delarue/
Tenöze 1964ff . II; US-American: Baughm an t966, Randolph 197 6, 47ff .; French-
D1427.1;Hungarian: Sihari ti: l .
7099.
American: Delarue / TenEze 1964ff . II; Spanish-Americary Mexican: Robe 1973;
Guatemalan, Cubary Puerto Rican, Argentine: Camarena / Chevalie r L99iff . lI; 577 "All StickTogether,,. t.::-
Brazilian: Cascudo 1955b,139; Chilean: Hansen 1957; West Indies: Flowers 1953;
Cape Verdian: Parsons 1923b1, Nos. 83, 84. to whoever can mak. :-
youngest (most stup::
570A The Princess and the Magic Shell.In his third catch of fish, a fisher- farmer or craftsman := -
man finds a golden dish (cup, shell, fish-skin) which, whenever hicle) [D817] from an r ---
someone drinks from it, fills itself with gold pieces. A princess of his kindness (out i: -:
(queen) wants the dish, and he agrees to give it to her if she will (during an overnish: -:.
sleep with him. She becomes pregnant and is banished by her father and cannot let it go rtl-.:
(husband). a magic formula or >- -.
She goes (with the fishermary alone after he has been killed) to
(naked) people, objec:. .
object or to each other
'l _
another country where she becomes wealthy (with the help of the
vessel). She disguises herself as a man [K1837] and returns home. by the castle where th- -::
Her father wants to have the magic dislu and she says she will give in her life IH34t.l ]. T.-,
it to him if he will sleep with her. He agrees. She reveals who she is kingdom).
and exposes his hypocrisy. They are reconciled.
Combinations: This type is usuai,'. :
types, esp. 570, and a l:o 507, r I : :
Literature/Variants: EM 10 (2002) 1341-1343 (S. Fährmann).
Remarks: The Types 571 and 5718 .:.
Austrian: ZingerlelZingerlel.ST0, No. 16; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek Hahn 1918 II,
clearly differentiated. Early treat::-
=
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lou are datp ro .raq1o qcea qlr. paxlu uaryo are gILg pue 17g sad,{1 aq1 :$IrEruaU
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9
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sl aqs oLlM Slea^al a!§ säeJ: .
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'aruoL[ surnlar pue '...,_--
aruq lsrr; aql roI sq8ney pue lr saas ssacur,rd aq+ araqm allseo eg+ dq [7Eg1y]
aqt;o dlaq aqt q1M1 .(qr1e. -
sassed apered 3urr1oo1 aBuerls stufi'lg'Lllz6] laqlo qoea otr.ro palqo
ol (pallH uaaq seq arl rajlE .'*
rr8eur aql ol paqrelle auoraq slerurue pue 's1ca[qo'aldoad (pa1eu)
rar{lo ra+eT' lt' t' t nza' EIvIo.'zzv») (1cqs .ro elnr.uro} crSeur e
raqleJ raLI dq paqsrueq sr pli:j -,-.
lq 11 oi >1c4s uos.rad arp sa)eur ueur Sunod aq+) oB lI lal louupr pue
pafoo ag1 sagcnol §arur) uosrad snolrnr e (de1s lqSrurano ue 3r4rnp) lp,t,t rLls Jr raq ol 1r a,rr8 ot -' .
ssa:urrd y 'sa:ard plo8 q; .
dervr. srq u6 '(ure8req d1cn1 e qBnorql 'Äyd p 1no) ssaupuu srq 1o
ra^auaqm 'Lltlrl,tt (ur1s-qsu -
asneraq (8uraq prqeuradns 'ueur) ueurom plo ue urorJ [ZfSC] (atcH
-raqsu LIr}Er prrLll ir-. -.
E /r{srJ Jo
-al 'leturue uapyo8) pa[qo cr8eur B sa^raJal (ueursrye.rc Jo raurreJ
E Jo uos 'pragdaqs lood; slaqlorq aarq+ 1o (prdnls lsoru) lsa8unod
aql '[89J 'tr;IIH'I?E1g_'l6gJ.] q8nel raq aleru uer ralaorlm o] 1€96I sramolC :sarpul lsar\\ tl..: *
a8errreur rn pasruro.rd sr ssacurrd dloq)uelaru.,,.taqla8olP!ls
v llv,, TLg :tt' llg1,t rarle^aLIJ / euarELu. --, .-
1€16I aqo5 :uerrxalN ,upruaLL.. -
'660L -L[)uarC :'llZt 'gZOt qdlopuey - -, -
'oN 'II 'J296I plsz*ouezdzry :qsrlod :Z'Z'[-I 'oN '086I r.reqrg :uerre8unll:1'77V1q 'anrPlac :uPrpPUPJ-qrua.r1.._. .
'oN '916I rurJeras/asarr3 :uerlell 199I 'oN '9961 Surpreg :uerrlsnv 1g7Z 'oN 'I azprue^oprn):uer8roa3 1ig6l : -l
t6$ raylnlsc ruwrrD '091 '116T lruBurar{a}I ^DIII'196I ]rurd-r.Ireqla)ratr\l '9I 'ZII 'soN 'gg6y rcilzefg :upr].!: -
t
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i III :,
:qsq8ug :' ilOZI' 996I uallnH / ra>Ipog :qsrueC !' lüOZ'Vg6I aupoH :uer8er*ro11 :LISDITnJ lSflS :ueIur€r)fl,r_rpr : ! r-.-
'(ra.Fn'I-'ff) ZOg-OOe (1OOZ) t'tt 1a1A 1986I q1nuedg 1986I
raparl i 199618rnqurng :LISrlod 1I9 'oN /996I opa\ :...
Jarur{Jslar) :laaJD 17667 u_ra: --.:
1pg6 1 uueruSo :
I p^ßt I t» ! lgl' oN 9SI' [L' IIZ6BI ur^ner{J slupue4/arnlerallT noluada3 :upruopJlpy1 :,11,- . . _
'drnluac q+9r arß Jo alppur aql ur paluarunroC :$IJeruau P^oyrPdspJ :upr)r,^olS :.JJo I: __
:uerre8trng 10g 'oN '9961 r:1.-.: .
'lz't 186'g'soN '69613urprc11,6a .-\ .
=
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,III ,II .]ltt6
e olw ruaql speal aH'd1rc aql ,o lno rur{ MoIIoJ uarplrr{r aq} ile pue {r3r^\oTurol 'IBBI t . -,
alnlJ srq sdeld ag 'ralunq e se pasrn8sp {req saruo) aq'ra1e1 ralsnq)S/roox'ptrg6l rooX :u1,.: _
'papueq-&dura dea,te sao8 :asan8nlro4 1gggT io[n4/1oriL] -..
1g0lg'oN /El61u:uewrlloH,ll::=_ -
radrd aql pue (asnuold rraql daa>1 ol) urr-q ded o1 asnlar suazrlrJ aql
'ra^rr e ur ruarü sumorp pue alng e Surdeyd dq 1no slerurup aql sarnl /ur9t{qEallr}S O :LISrrI 1.I9€t . -
aH 'aa} e roJ urnlar ur lno ururra^ aq+ a^Irp IIIM aq leq] sluelrqequr
-rrl jCl 'oN'l qb6 I talrrJ ur-^.
:rlsrueq jtrg6l aupoH :uer.3a-r,- ,
aql sasrurold Surqlop InrroloJ 'ppo uI passarp uelu 17 'a)nu pue
, llru-rJ)sJa\:uptlJrp) 1§Zol l-,' -'
sler dq unrra^o uaaq seq dlro y ('radr6 palcl aqJ.) .ßtplu)-wü aqt *OLi -
aupaytr / s[e.ry :uer^]E.I !926L .i,..:
'soN 'I JI16I uEr.u>pEH :Llsrpr _-
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342 Hans-Iörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Literature/Variants: BP 1I,3944; HDM 2 (192440) 314f. (H. Honti); Schwarz- (basin [D1413.7]) [K1], -
bartrn1979,388 not. 7;EM7 (1993)1417-1425 (C. Shojaei Kawan); Scherf 1995I, get also stuck. The r.r..
506-509,546-548; EM 8 (1996) 700-707 (C. Shojaei Kawan); Dekker etaL.1997,
through the streets.
433437; Röth 1998.
Finnish: Rausmaa 198211.L No. 105, II, No. 67; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1912f. Other people (far:-:-
objects (food) get sr::.
f, No. 128; Estonian: Aame 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne |977;Llthuantirr: Kerbelytö
1999ff.I; Lappish: Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1,974,Bartens 2003, No. 40; Kareliän: passers-by. The man :-:=,
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 19g4; released, and the gLr : ..
Danish: Grundtvig 18541f.I1, Nos.316,312 Grundwig1176ft.fil,Zttt.;Faeroese: sation, or pardoned. I:-
Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929;hish: ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen1963, drown themselve,s,
Nos.571-574; English: Baughman 1966,BriggsI97Of.AII,150f.; French: Delarue/
Tenöze l964fl.Il; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 199bff .Il;Dutch: Kooi 2003, No. Combinations: 571,,940,135S-{ , i
12; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: Ranke I1SSii.II, No.571A, Remarks: Classical origin: Ho::-..:
Grimm KHM/Uther 1996I1, No. 64; Austrian: Haiding 1953, No. 25, Haiding Tvpes 571 and571B are often n...,.
1969, No. 15; Ladinian: Decurtins 1896ft.II, No. 9; Italian: Cirese/Sera{ini197i, ierentiated.
Nos.571, 571-574; Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 83; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Literature/Variants: Bp II, 40--;i , ,

Hungarian: MNK II, Dömötör 2001,287; Czech: Ttlle 1929ff.I,371ff.,II\,228f., R. Wehse); Legman 1968f. I, tr; *
303ft., 3L2ff ., J ech 1,984, No. 39; Slovakian: Gasparfl<ovä 1991f . l, No. 244; Slovene: Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 19 I -
GabrSöek 1,91,0,241,ff.; Serbian: eajkanovi6 1927,No.52, Eschker 1992,No.44; anian: Dowojna-Sylwestrorrr;: :
Croatian: Bo§kovi6-stulli1975b, No. 15; Rumanian: schullerus 192g; Greek: Diller Holbek 1990, No. 20; Karelian: \: -
1982, No. 82, Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzyianowskilg62f. I; Russiary 1984; English:Roth1977, No. Et:
Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 1g2IlI2 (e, i964ff .II, Hoffmann 1973; Spar._.
f); ]ewish: Jason 1988a; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskemdti/paunonen Soromenho/Soromenho 19gli i^ l
1974, Sabitov 1989; Chuvash, Tatar: Kecskem6ti/paunonen 1974; Slbeian: Dutch: Cox-Leick/Cox 1977, \r. -
Soboleva 1984; Yakut Ergis1967,Nos. 83, 84,1.65;Iraruan: Rozen_fel,d 1956,197tr.; 1893, No. Z Busch 1910, No. 29, R..
Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Jason 1989; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov 1976, 7929ff .I,375ff.; Slovakian: polir,--.:
-
Nos.46,62; Chinese: Tingl978;lapanese: Ikeda 1971; French-Canadian: Delarue/ i57; Serbian: Anthropophl.teia l
Tenöze 1964ff.II; North American Indian: Thompson 191911,411ff.; US-Amer- BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek Nicolar;-.
ican: Baughmanl966, Perdue 1982 No. 15A; Frenih-American: Delarue/Tenöze Zelenin 1915, No.22, Nikiforor l: :

1.964ff . II; Spanish-American: Robe 1973; African American: Baughman 1,966; TI No.256; Ukrainian: Hnatju^
Guatemalan, Panamanian, Cuban: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. n; West Indies: Cheremis/Mari: Beke 1938. No ^l ,

Flowers 1953; Egyptian, Sudanese: EI-Shamy 2004. ,959I,379ff .; Indian: McCulloch , - ,

French-Canadian: Lemieur 19I-t i,
5714 See Type 5718. 1924, No. 35; Central African: F:.. - -

5718 Loaer Exposed (previously The Himphamp). (hrcluding the previous 571C The Biting Dol/. (Inc_..r:
Type 571A.) A man falls in love with the wife of a smith (craftsmary (boy)receives a ma.:... :
farmer). In order to get rid of the husband he denounces him to the D146q.21. An enviou. :-. _
master (of the castle), pretending that the husband practices magic. her house and she th:-. -
The master thereupon orders him to perform (three) impossible When the king, rr-hi '-.
tasks [H931, H1010], of which the last one is to make a ,,Himphamp,, to wipe himself, it brre. -
- a fictional word without any meaning. The husband gets help when he passes bv). \ - :
(from the devil [D812.3], supernatural being) to solve the iasks, ttre body. He announces :i-.., :
last one by a magic formula that makes things stick together. He reward [H1196]. Onlr- ::-:
surprises the loving couple in bed and makes them stick together (to ID1651]. She recover- l-.:
the chamber pot [D1413.S]).
01, a man learns that his wife has commited adultery. By means Remarks: Early versions see Stra:,
.uerone (Y,1).
of a magic sticking formula (magician) he makes the loving couple
Literature/Variants: Schlosser 191_
(clergyman and his wife) stick naked to the chamber pot [öf+fS.S] _

Scherf 1995 I, 3-6, 240-243, 392; E\,-

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344 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Finnish: Rausmaa 1972, No. 427;French: Delarue/Tendze L964ff.II; Spanish: Lithuanian: Kerbelvtö 1999ii i
Camarena / Chevalier l995tf .II, GonzLlez Sanz 1996; Catalan: Oriol / pujö1 ZO03; Kristensen 1881ff. III, No. 2l; I;:
Portuguese: Soromenho / Soromenho 1984f . l, No. 298, Cardigos (forthcoming); 1994, No. 15; Flemish: Meve: ,.-
German: Bechstein/Uther 1.997 II, No. 50; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975, Nos. Rölleke lq86 l, No. 77; Au-tr .

560C*, 57tC,De Simone 1994, No. 17; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Jewish: 1975; Hur-rgarian: MNK II, Di:-- .
jason 1965, No. 560C*, Noy 1968, No. 52, J asonl975, No. 560C*; Turkish: Eberhard /
Slovakian: Ga§parikor,ä l !r.r _ :
Boratav 1953, No. 172; Chinese: Ting1978, No. 560C*; French-Amercian: Delarue/ Macedonian: Öepenkovi p€1-.-.: -:
Tenöze 1964ff.ll; Chilean: Hansen 1952 No. **568; West Indies: Parsons 193}ff.Il, Greek: Megas/Puchner l9!ti :
559f. russian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turk,-:- :
IV, 291 V; Jer,r.ish: Jason 1965; C'. : -
572* The Barking Dog's Heail, the Striking Axe, etc. A man (the youngest Biazr ror lq18. \o. ll-l; Cl-, -
of three brothers) finds singing, screaming or barking men's or 1989;Uighur: Reicl-rl 1986, \.. , l
animal's heads, self striking axes, singing plants, etc. and puts them Cullakjan 1990; Siberian: \hsr..:-.
all into a sack. When he empties the sack before the melancholy Kalpak: Volkor, 1959, No. 13: ,-: -.
princess (other actions), he makes her laugh for the first time. As lrolztruhe 7960,208ff .; Burr'.lt l.l - ,
2000; Paki'tani, lndian, Sr.i L.r ..
reward he marries the princess or he receives land (food and
Spanish-American, Mericanr li --.
lodging).

Literature/Variants: EM 8 (1996) 703. 576 The Magic Knife. \I:-,,, . .-

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, No. 105; Finnish-Swedish: Hackmant917f.I, Nos. man steals a ma,_i. -
109b(2),129; Estonian: Aarne 1918, Loorits 1959, Nos. 121, I22, Viidalepp 1980, the robbers rt ith it il, =
No. 80; Latvian: Aräjs / Medne 1977 ; Lithuanian: Danner 1961, 7Z ff ., fäibetyte daughter. He defear. :- -
1999ft.I; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000.
Literature/Variants:
575 The Prince's Wings. Rival workmen have a contest to construct the Finnish-Sr,r.edish: Hackn-ran 1.. -
most wonderful object. A goldsmith builds an artificial fish (some- Dutch: cf. Tinneveld 1976, \r :
thing else), a joiner constructs an artificial flying object (fotding Yakut: Ergis 1967, Nos. 13;, _:_ j :

wings, bird, mechanical horse with wings). Aprince buys the flying
object and flies with it in a foreign country in order to see the prin- 5768* See Tvpe 576.
cess (who is enclosed in a tower by the king) [K1346, F1021.1]. He
becomes her lover, and impregnates her (is taken in the very act). 577 The King's Tasks. Th. .

When the king learns what has happened, he orders the prince (and to perform certain r1r: - -
his daughter) to be executed. The lovers escape by riding together unkind [o a supenr. r
on the flying object to the prince's home country [R111.3.1, R215.1], is kind. He receir e\ - . .
where they marry. 141, seif-digging sh.-- .
In some variants they land on their way so the princess can give [D1601.18.2], etc.). \,,' ..-
birth. When fetching fire the flying object is burned. The lovers are [D1581, H977.tl (to;. ..

separated (and later reunited). to dig a well at his cc,.,.:

Combinations: 425D, 461, 566, and 8814. Combinations: 313, 328, 513A: :-
Remarks: Early literary sources see Pafrcatantra (l,b), The weaoer as oisnu. Early Literature/Variants: Christiar.L. e:-
European literary version see Boccaccio, Decamerone (Iy,2). Ranke).
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff .V, No. 130; Weinreich 1911, 147-154; Bp II, Finnish: Rausmaa 1912ff .1, No, 1 : :
131-135; EM 4 (1984) 1358-1365 (K. HoräIek); Cox 1990; Scherf 1995 I, 923-325, Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977: 1t..-.
437-440,440-444,11,841f.,7298-1301,1312-1316,1369-I371;Röth1999;Marzotphl Litrngman lgb l; Norr,r egian: H .,
Van Leeuwen 2004, No. 103. \1, 507ff ., Bruford / MacDonald -:: _

Finnish: Rausmaa 1,9821f.I, No. 107; Finnish-swedish: Hackman 1917f.I,No. 130; 1963; French: Delarue/Tenöze I !:-:
Estonian: Aarne 1918, Viidalepp 1980, No. 81; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne \977; 1984a; German: Ranke 1955ff. II; -l -: -
Serafini 1975; Sardinian: Cirese Sc:,:
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s,ueud8rap E suu4. pue '[9'I'00tiC ,t'f'I 00nIC] lt tltt,t sraqqor al{l '6961ddaleprl1,ZA,IZI .so-\ ::-
'soN 'I 'JII6I UPTu>ITPH :LISrpa , .-
slll) '[S80IC '898A] a[]se) ,sraqqor p urorJ a1ru1 rr8uu p sleals uelu
8uno,i V ('*:) '.g9lg sad,r1 snor,ra.rd aq] 8ulpnpu1).alruy il8a141 a41 glg
'g0I 'oN '168I lassEg :uerlo,rotrAl 1€16I aqo1 :Lrerrxatr^d'uetrrauy-r-lsruedg
19761 3r,u1 :asäurLIJ 1096I slraqoy/uosdruoql :uElLre-I rrs /LrErpuI'rurslsrlEd 10002
pue pooJ) puel sa^ralar aLI :
azprlre,\oprn) :uer8roa3 !616Lzrurr.o-l:ueqo8uo141 'le,rlrg 1llg0z'096I allnrlzlor.l sy'at'url ]srrJ aql ro; q8nel ::- .
-lapuEs :)lLIzpeI 10t 'oN /696I E^alqals :uor-u{rlr1 1€Z 'oN i6g6I ,\o)lo1 :ryd1u; ,{1oq:ue;aLu aLil rroJaq )rp- ).
-Erp) 1g0Z 'oN '196I sr8:q :1n1e1 1ZZ oN '9E6 t o)ualrse1 :uErraqrs 19661 uu[1u11n3 LuaLIl slnd pue 'f,la ,s1ue1d 8ur: ,- -
:uEruarurv:']tZtt'tt6t /996I Jo s,uaur 8uryreq ro Surrupa::.
ILITIaU:"rnq8rn 16961
,\olrqps 'fl6I uauouned^opras'p:uutruq-razy1II'oN
/ rlprua)sra» :upI1{ / srruaraqf 1t [ [
'oN 'gg6I ,ro.r-izu[g lsa8uno,{ rql) upLu V .f,la ,a.r.1 -:;..
:uprlosso jI X )N11l'Z9I oN 'Uf 'llgSOf apo1,^q :.lsd,{3 19961 trose[:r,1sr,ua{ .n 16Z 1I
9ll"'(l-l) III 9gI 'soN /€96I ^Elprog / prprl.rcqq :qsrlrnl iSIIS :uprlrrE,rIfl 'uErssn.l
-o1a,ig 'uerssn5 1I jZ96I rls,r,rouuz-izr) :r.[brlod 1g66I raull)n4/se8a61 :>[aalJ 'I'll€E6L suosred _
:sarpul lsai\\ :\ _ -
12002 e,\alo» 2gg :uerreSlng 119 oN'I 6g6 t ptslh-nua4 7,ro1rlado3 :r-leruopaleI,\l
/anrelaC :uerJraurV-LIJuarC 1*-) - _ -
16 oN /l€6I )r4pere) :uelqras lglt oN 'll ll66L g,roryledpü3 :Lrpl)ts,\ols
/prpllraqE :qsDIrnI 1*)09g.oN ,!_: .
:'Jl9E 'L Il'JI6Z6I ollrl :qraz3 1Z0t 'oN '266I rgl9rLrgC 'II »NI,^{ :uerreBunll 19161 :gsr.rta{ 19761 doc;rrq3-pnsJr1\ :; - :
IurIEraS/asarr3:uprlell agl oN'9E61 Surpreg:LrerrJsnv lll'oN'l 9g6I alallg5 'soN '916l rurJeras/asarr] :LrEi r,'
/lttg» ururr.rJ 1t'llESOf aTur?U:upruraD 1g96I ra,(a111 :r{srualC 1EI oN,f66I 1(Surruorqpol) so8rp.re3,g6Z rr-\
ralsnllf,S/roox :uersrrC 1626I uossura,\q :f,rplrElall 1ZZ 'oN 'III 'JlIggI uasualsr.r» lgggT 1o[n4/lorro :uele]e] !96bI :..
:LISrueq 1tl6I uaLrouned/l+gualsra; :uersdo14 :t'qAA61 el,i1aq.ra;,1 :ueruenLlll-I :qsruedg l;n'lltgOt azQual /an:? :
9?€ rrBe1,n1 1o sa1e1 r8z lcc ,82 tgc
b\\**- tu
316 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 191 III; Ossetian: LevinlgTB, No. 17; Kazakhian: Literature/Variants: BP III, 3rr
Sidel'nikov 1952,19f.; Palestinian, Qatar: El-Sharny 2004; ]apanese: Ikeda1971; Scottish: cf. Briggs 1970f. A t. :_i
Polynesian: Kirtley 1971, No. D1601.1.4; French-Canadian, French-American: Cerman: Grimm KHM/Uther ,-,-
Delarue / Tendze l964ff . II; US-American: Baughm an 1966; Mexican: Robe 1973; Shamy 2004; US-American: B.:.-.. --
Dominican: Hansen 1,957;l//est Indies: Flowers 1953; Egyptian, Tunisian, Al-
gerian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004. 590 The Faithless Mother : :.
boy sets ou I on a jot: - ' .

580 Belotted of Women. At their father's death three brothers are each object (armband, be : .
granted a wish: the two elder ones wish for riches, but the youngest natural strength ID:-
wishes for the power to make women love him [D1900]. (giants, other super;-.., ..
They set out on a journey and spend the night in three different Type 650.4) until on_'
inns. The youngest brother sleeps with the wife (daughter) of the starts a liaison [5 ]:
house and receives three magic objects [D856]: a tablecloth on which In order to get rirl - .

food magically appears, a rooster (similar) that produces drinks, and the mother feigns srr-:-
a pair of scissors that produces clothes out of nothing. =.
fora remedy [Hq]t F _
The brothers reach a town where all who enter must be casfuated. supernatural being: -.
The youngest refuses and is taken as a prisoner to an island. With 4.1], water of 1ife, ar,. :- ..
the help of his magic objects he secures a comfortable life for himself life. The son returns :-: - -
and the other prisoners. Aprincess (king's widow) wants to buy the companied by n-i1c1 ,..:-. :-
objects. The boy is only willing to give them to her if he may spend 8431.2,8520).
the night in her chambel, beside her, and finally in her bed [T45]. At In numerou: \ -t: . '
the end he marries her.
[R1 I I.]. I l) du ring o::.-
to her father, and r.: :-.
Combinations:505, 551, and 566.
Literature/Variants: Paunonen 1967;EM2 (1979) 86-88 (p.-R. Rausmaa); Scherf
skilled in magic, hrs 'i: -:
1995 t, 280-283; EM 9 (t999) 1118. The boy's mothe: ....
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.1, No. 109; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 191Zf.I,No. 136; steals it (ties him, gir :: -
Estonian: Aarne 1918, cf. Loorits 1959, No. 119, Viidalepp 1980, No. 79;Wepsian: abath)1K975,D86t- , .
Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Sw edish: Liungman 1 961 | Norwegian: Hodne 1 9g4; the boy. When he is 1.,-:---.
Danish: Bodker etal.L957, No. 6; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Rittershaus and restores his sigi-,: :-
1902, No. 48, Sveinsson 1,929;kish: Ö S,iitteaühain/Christiansen 1963; French: [8512]. When he is n.Li.:_:.
Perbosc/Bru 1987,102f1.,183ff.; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier lgglff.Il; portu- helpers (using the re;:-. -
guese: Oliveira1900ff.II, No.298, Cardigos (forthcoming); Flemish: Meyer 1968; He recovers the o: .:
Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975; Slovakian: Gasparfkovä 1r9lf.II, No.393; Greek: revenge on his rnoth.: ..
Kretschmer 1912 No. 4g,MegaslPuchner 1998; Polish: KrzyZanowski 1962f.I;
princess (female hel;.;. -,
French-American: Delarue/Tenöze 1,964ff .II; Algerian: Frobänius 1921ff. I, Nos.
CZ, JJ.
Combinations: t his type is rrrtr
:\ pe\, esp. 300, 3 t5, and also r
580* See Type 566. Remarks: Closely related to T\-Lir -:
_

'r they are not clearly differerr[ :

581 See Type 303. Literature/Variants: Bp I, 551-rr i
raum 1968,90; cf. Tubach 1969, \- -
585 Spindle, Shuttle, and Neeille.A prince will marry the girl who is at 1981,71.1f .; Scherf 1995 I,75I-;a:, _-.

once the poorest and the richest [H1311.2]. Spindle, shuttle, and , (1999) 70s7-1064 (C. Shojaei K...:
needle help a virtuous girl out of gratitude for her industry. The Finnish: Rausmaa 19821f .1, No. li :
spindle guides the prince to her [D1425.1], the shuttle makes a magic Latvian: Aräjs / Medne 1977; \,Vpp..1.1 ;-
1974; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; D.r:-. .
road [D1484.7,D1485.7], and the needle transforms the poor room to
a beautiful one [D1337.1.7]. The prince marries the girl.
\vman 1984; Irish: ö Siiilleabhärr
1961ff. 1l; Spanish: CamarenaI C1...
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rr8pu esa)pur alttnqsaqt |1 .--
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/
19II 'oN /696I strroo'I /816I aurev:ueruolsf, 10II'oN 'I'lIZg6l eurusnell:r{sruulg aq1 ',{.r1snpur raq roJ apntr. -:
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INt lttzt (966T) II trg i866I
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raq+o arou ro auo Io saposrda ql1znr paurquror dlensn sr adfi srgl :suorlpurqruoJ
'soN'I'JJIZ6I snruaqorc :uur-:: -
'g1g addl ';3 '(radlaq aq+;o ;alg8nep 'radlag apural) ssacur.rd :I' lz96l r1s,rtouez.,(zr) :LISrlr. . .-
aql sarrreur ag '(uraqf sIIDI) ra^ol raq pue raqlow su.{ uo a8uarra.r :IaarC 1€60'oN ,lI.lL66I 9-\.\ -,.
sa)e+ pue [OggO] q+8uar]s sn{ sploq leq} pafqo arü sra^o)ar aH 19961 ra,{ayq :qsruralC t(3ururr.: -:,-
'(pa.rncord ar{ sarparuar aql Sulsn) sradyaq -nuod 1II 'JJg66I rarlE^ar{l r-Lrr-.
alerual sn{ }o auo dq palelnsnsar sr ar{ paraprmu sr aq uaqM '[Zf Eg] :qruarC i€96I uasuer+srlll L:.: -. _
papaq sr Ierurue pullq e moq Surn.rasqo dq lq8rs sn{ sarolsar pup snpq\JJl.lru :Jrpuula)l llg{rl -., *
sasrnu oq.l,r.'ssaruud aq1 dq puno1 sr aq popuqq $ arl uaq 4 'doq aq+ 1186I aupoH :uer8a,r.uo51 tI9o, ,-- -
:uersda44 161 oN ,0g6I ddalt,f.r:
(s.rap;ntu) spulq (;a.r.o1raq rolpue) aqs uaqJ '[1SSC '9l6»1(qleq e
19gI'oN'I'l LI6I" upuDlf, eH :q:r i :
a)E] o] rurq sapensJad'4urrp JrloJJeu e urrq sarrr8 'urrq sarl) +r s1eals
pue q13uar1s srq Jo larJas ar{l ro} rurt{ s)se raq}oru s,doq aql
'(aptrq srq'crBeur ur palp»s ;ragrg 1(eeursnp1 .U-A) gg-!l! .:_-
1.rrB e 'ueuroM plo) s;adlag apura, slaaru ar{ ro / pue 'raqley raq o1
{reqraq (s8ur.rq) spuas pue sarnfualpe sq}o auo Sur.rnp ([f'l'ftfU]
ssarur"rd) 1.rr8 Sunod e sanJsar doq aqr slu€rJel snoraurnu uI lV'[gfl] paq rarl ur l11euq pll,- -
'lozEg'z'tevg puads ,{er-u ar.l Jr raq ol Luar[] l
'g1gg] s,ropatro.rd srq auoraq al€r{ lerü s1erurue pllrvr. dq paruedtuoc aqi dnq oJ sJuem (.,raopr,u s,Su:-..
ie'lL'Z'gIgJ.'9199] pa.rnfurun pue InJSSa)rns surnJar uos aqJ 'a]{ JlasLurLI roJ aJrl alqeuoJruo) L, . r-:-
sr1 >lsrr }smu aq qrrqzvr roy ([199111] lptu s,purue 'a;q yo l:llet',t '\1'tr tlllM 'puEISr ue o] rauosrrd u ..
'V9E1A't'I'€'t€tIH'I'I'€'0e0IH'I't'tttIH] s8uraq lelnleu;adns 'paleJlseJ aq lsnur Jalua oLI-\\ r I : r
-
;o uap;e8 ar{t uror, [a1dde] l4r.q) IZIZI1g-'IIZI1g-'IE61g-) dpaura.r e ro1 'Surqlou _
]o lno :: -.
lsanb snoraBuep e uo uos rar{ spuas pu€ ssau>lJrs su8ral raq}oru ag+ pup'sTuup sa:npo,rd leqt 1re,, : -
(gfua4s s,uos aq+ srea, ra^ol aq]) uos arü,o prr 1aB o1 rapro u1 tlrnl.tt uo r{}opalqe} e :[9ggg] s:: .
'(urrq sarrreru aqs) [I'ZIS] uosrpq e spels aql yo (;alq8nep) ayr.u aLI] Llll -
(d1iar;as) raq+olu sn{ ruor{,vr q}Irlt Ual sr auo dluo pun (y699 addl luäraJ;lp aarql ur )q8ru aql 1..: . .
'p) ruaqf ,o ile slealap uos aq] (sBuraq le.rnleuradns rar{}o 's1uer8; '[OOO1C] urlq a^oI L-: --
sraqqoryo asnor{ e uI 'lf'gttl6l'g'gt€I6'gfgcl] r{}Suarts Iernleu lsa8unod aLI] lnq ,sarllrr ro1 LI.. :
-ladns runl sarrr8 qrlqm (';1a t.rrqs 'plo.ra.s 'l1aq 'pueqr.ure) +ra[qo LIJPa arE sraqlorq aarlll qlea,p > _
uE spurJ aq dea,r rrarü uO 'rarpour s1tl IIIIM dau.rnof e uo ]no slas doq
y '(spuufl tutv aql pua acu?tcl aqa Alsnorttatdl nqqopg ssaffirut aqt 06S
-lV'uersrunJ ,ue4d.{3g 1€96T si.
'9961 ueruq8neg :uu)rraruv -Sn !V002 drueq5 ltlbI aqou :upfryal lggbl uurlr .: .
lf,'6I 'oN 'Ol6luqeI:asaueqa'1 i88I 'oN '111966I rarün/I lH» urlurrD :upruraD :uef,rJaurv-r{fuarC,uerppuel_Lr -.
1096I uasup4surll/urgqqealll4s O :qsrrl :'rcZe'tV '!016l s88rrg 'Jr :qsrpocs 1l lb I ppä) :a*au pde[ :7gg7 iur r. _.
I
99€ tII dg :sluElre^/arnleratr1 :upltpleze) 1lI .oN /816I ur^a-I ] -:.
Ln€ l8e1atr 1o sale; 782 )dd r8z tcc
q
348 Hans-Jirrg Ut1-rer FFC 2B-+ FFC 284

Portuguese: Olit,eira 1900ff. I, No. 7, CardigJos (forthcomine); Flemish: Meyer 592 TheDance affiongTho-,..,
1968; Germar.r: Ranke 1955ff. iI, Tomkor,r,iak 7993,252, cf. Crimm KHMrUtirer stepmoiher 15322ll : -
7996II, No. 121; Austrian: Haidir.rg 1969, Nos. 21, 63; Italian: Cirese/Seraf init975; 1]), gives all his rno::. .

Sardinian: Cirese / Serafini; Maltese: Mifsr-rd-Chircop 1978; Hungarian: MNK II;

Czech: Karlinger/Mvkytiuk 1967, No. 51; S1o'akian: Gasparikovä 1991f. I, Nos.
tQ42.l] who in rerr;-.' -
71,97,299,II, No.40B; Slovene: Sa§e1j 1906f. I,28f.; Croarian: Vaija'ec 1890, No.
neverfailinggunID -=:
3, Bo§ko'i6-S t.'|rli 1975b, No. 31; Macedonian: öepenkov r le.u Sliski 1qg9 I, No.
that compels people : r -
65; Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Albanian: Camaj / Schier-Oberdorffer 1974, No. the magic power or ^ ,
18; Greek: Dar,r..kins 1955, No.6, Mousaios-Bougioukos 1976,51ft.,92ff., Megasi He shoots a birel : -
Puchner 1998; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No. 62; Polish: Krzl,lsneuurkl 1962f. l; thornbush. When a i:-. - -
Rusri;n, Bleloru*sian, Uk'ainian:SUS; Turkish: Fberhard Boratar lq---1. \tr. l0g; the bird out, the bor- . ::-
Noy 1965, No. 17, Haboucha 1992; Gypsr,: MNK X 1; Advgea: Alieva
Jer,r,ish: The boy is con.l. ^' '
1986; Cheremis/Mari, Chr-rr.ash, Tatar, Mordi,i'rian, Votyak, Vo§ul/Mansi: mission to plav his i-,:.-
Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974; Kurdish: Wentzel 1978, No. +, OZatita et al. 19g9, assembly have to d;.:r:.
Nos. 14, 15; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; Yakut: Ergis1967, Nos. 108, 110; Tadzhik:
Grjunberg/Steblin-Karnenskor. 1976, No. 24; KaLmyk, Mongolian: Lörincz 1979; Combinations: This type i. ur:.'
Syrian, Palestinian, Jordanian, Iraqi, Yemenite: E1-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph types, esp. 300, 330, 475. -=
1984, No. *590; Afghan: Grjunberg/Steb1i.-Kamenskor, 1976, No. 25; Indian, Sri and 1910. ^oo
Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 196lff.tr;
North American Indian: Thompson r9l9lr,391ff .; puerto Rican, Chilean: Hansen
Remarks: Literary treatment: :- :,
Literature/Variants: Bolte 1S.- :
1957; Argentine: Chertudi 1960f. II, Nos. 53, 54; West Indies: Flowers 1953; Weinreich 1957, 467-467; Scli-,..,:: :
Egyptian: Spitta-Bey 1883, No. El-Shamy 2004; Tunisian, Algerian, Moroccan:
11, heimer 1987, 17, 82, 123-142, L :.- . :
E1-Shamy 200,1; East African: Arelr.a 1q60, N o.3228; Sudanese-: E1-Shamr,2004. 7995 t, 635-637, 784-786, II, S. >_. i
1998; EM: Tanz in der Dornhec...
5904 See §pe 318. Finnish: Rausmaa 1982f1.I, \i, ,
4Ba(9), 105, 139; Estonian: Aarr-i ,.:
591 The Thieping Pot. A poor man (farmer, orphan boy) receives (in 82; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 7977 L :- .
exchange for his corv) a magic pot [N421, D851] i,r,hich goes to his 1925; Livonian, Wepsian, K::.
neighbors r,r,here it fills itself with food, rionev etc. Then the pot Liungman l96l; Norwegiarr: L'

takes its contents back to its or,r.ner [D1605.1]. Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin / Chiistrar... :-
1970f. Al,250ff.; French: Delarue ,.
When the person whom it robbed tries to catch the pot, it takes
7995{f .II, Gonzdlez Sanz 1996: ts: -.-
him to its poor o\\,ner r,',here it has to be redeemed (the theft has to
Oriol /Pujol 2003; Portugue-.
be forgiven). Oa the pot takes the man to helt [D1412.2]. coming); Dutch: Tinneveld 19, r I.
1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; Lu-.
Combinations: 564, 565, and 569. 1955ff. II, Moser-Rath 198.1, 1:: _
Literature/Variants: Scherf 1995 II, 1133-1135; Röth 1998; Ei-Shamy 1999, No. 6;
Schmidt 7999; EM Topf: Der stehlende T. (nr prep.).
Sr,r,iss: Büch1i /Brunold-Bigler I - :,
162;Italian: Cirese/Sera{ini 19, : - .
Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 7977f .I, No. 138; t-äppish: er,,igstad 1g27fl.II,No.43, 1963, Nos. 23, 38; Hungariar-r: 1,. ll..:
Bartens 2003, No. 42; Karelian, svrjanian: Kecskem6ti/paunorlen 1974; swedish:
Ga§parikovä 1997f.I, Nos.33, I : _
Liungman 1961; No^a,,egian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Kristensen 1g81ff. I, No.26, IV, 488, 518, 577; Slovene: Kontler .r
No.61; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Irish: ö Stilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; Dutch: 1q27, Nos. 42, 112, Djordjer ic '.
Sinninghe 19,43; Ftemish: Joos 1889ff. III, No. BB; German: Meyer 1932, Henßen Croatian: Smiöiklas 1910ff. iS r-
i935, No. 134; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975; Slovene: Slovenski gospodar 65 Schullerus 1928; Bulgarian: Bf: :
(1931)llt.; Türkish: Eberhard/Boratar, 1953, No. 173; Jer,r-ish: gbazlSe),No.35;
Megas/Puchner 1998; Polisl-r: K:
Uzbek: Afzalov et al. 1963 1, 47f .; Palestinian: Schmidt/Kahle Tglgf .1, No. 32, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberl.ra : -
Muhawi/Kanaana 1989, No. 1, El-Shamy 2}}1;Jordanian, eatar: El-Shamy 2004; Abkhaz: lakryl 1975, No. 50; -\; _
Indian: Jason 1989; Malaysian: Hambruch 1922, No. 52; Japanese: Iked;197I, Paunonen 1974; Siberian: Sob,, ,
InadalOzawalgTTIf.; Eskimo: Barüske 1969, No. 15; Egvptian, Moroccan: El_ El-Shamy 2004; Chinese: Ting 1; --
Shamy 2004.
Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 196-::
 t
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XNl l :uerre8unpl 19761 do-rr .: - r
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 FFC 284

American: Delarue / Tendze 1964ff . II; spanish-Americary Mexican: Robe 1973;

Dominicary Puerto Rican: Hansen1,9s7; Chilean: pino-saavedra1964, No. 17; to herd 100 rabbits r c: -

West Indies: Flowers 1953. bird (cf. Type 461).

He performs the:..,
593 Fiddeoao. A poor boy intends to marry a young woman but her king, and marries t1-L- :
father (she herself) iefuses. The rejecied suitoi receives from a Or, the king cop . -
person skilled in magic (old woman [Ng25.3], witctu priesf devil) a rvay across a lake tl'r. ,-
magic stone, whictu when put into ashes, makes all päople who use drowned. The I'or,u-.: -
it (farmeq, farmwife, farmhand, maidservant, preachel, daughter, princess. Cf. Tvpe i:,
etc.) stick to the poker and compells them to keep talking nonsense
(e.g. "Fiddev av") [D1412,D1413.17,D2t72.1j, (oe ä magic-root under
Combinations: 461, 5138, 51. l
Literature/Variants: BP IIL Ir--_
the doorstep causes them fart). only the suitor is able"to release the
people from the charm by taking the magic object away. In return he
(7987) 443417 (J. L. Sutherlar,; :
marries the young woman. Cf. Types Z3OA, S77, ana
-SZ1S. 558-563 (L. D6gh); Scherf 1995. -:
Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1:, -:
S'rvedish: Liungman 1961, \t. ::=
Literature/Variants: EM 4 (1994) 1.099f . (8. Moser-Rath). 1881ff. I, No. 11, Kristenser-r 1::=
Finnish: Rausmaa 19821f . I, No. 112; Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e 1.977; Lithuanian: Süi1leabhäin / Christianser-r I :r r :
5:1b"t1t: |.fpri.I;.N9r1vegian: Hodne 1.984; Danish: Grundtvig 1876ff.r,8ff.;
Irish: O Süilleabhäin/Christiansen
Lacroix 19731.II, No. 17, Lamb;:
1963; French: Delarue/Teriö ze 1964ff . II; älez S anz 199 6; Catal al : O :
C onz
spanish: Camarena/ Chevalier Lggsff. II; portuguese: soromenho 1995f1. il; Flemish: Me,ver l9^.
/soromenho
1'984f.rr, Nos. 568, 569, Cardigos (forthcoming);berman: Henßen 1935, No. 136,
Bodens 1932 No. 1082; Italian: Toschi/Fabi tgoo, No. 116; Hungariur,, IrrtNt< tL
Crimm KHM/Uther 1996 IIIt.,.
Cirese /Serafini 1975; Sardinrar. -.. ..
Polish: Kr zy Zanow sLi 19 6Zf . I; Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Glpsy: MNK X 1, Croatian: Smiöiklas 1910ff. 1r l,
Erd6sz /Futaky 1 996, No. 1 6; Chuvash, Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti pä inonen r9z Ukrainian: SUS; Tuva: Taube l.-:
/ 4;
French-Canad ian: Bau ghman 1966; Spani sh-A meri can : Robe 1973; US_American: French-Canadian: Delarue I.:-.
Baughman L966;Brazllian: Alcoforado I A1b6n2001, No.3z westlndies: Flowers Egl.ptian, Algerian: El-Sham.. l
1953, East African: Kohl-L arsen 1969, 90ff.
611 The Gifts of the Dernc,.::
594* The Magic Bridle. Aboy, setting out, obtains
bridle that tames all
a son of a merchant 1: :-::
kinds of horses [D1442.71, a needle that makes everything fall to (the adoptive son . l
pieces [D1562-4], anda gun that arways hits what he aims atjorosa. daughter). When the --
1.7]. The boy works as a servant at the king's court. By means of his minds and send th. --
magic objects he performs great exproits and wins a princess as his
wife.
The sh ip sin k: I-.
:

cues a child (from a 1r.:-

amagic remedy (m.-ri_: .
Literature/Variants:
Sw^edish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 19g4; Spanish: Espinosa 1946f., [D817.1] from dem.-:- -, -
No. with which he hea1. .,
153; Greek Megas 1998.
(spectacles, binocui::.
610 The Healing Eruits. A sick princess is offered to whoever can cure overcomes a hostile a: :-
her (with fruit) [T68.1, H346]. The youngest of three brothers suc- and marries the bri-1.
(his first love [T102]
ceeds [Q2, L10, L13]. He is kind to a little man (old woman, grateful
animals), who gives him the healing fruit [N925.3, D1500.15], after
Combinations: 531, 882, 930, 1. :
his elder brothers had reacted with annoyance at the little man,s
Literature/Variants: EM 5 (195, .
questions. Firnrish: Rausmaa 19\2lf .1, No. ,,:
Before the marriage takes place, the king gives the youngest IX,709If .; Swedish: Liungman 1.: ,
brother
lmpossible tasks. The little man helps-him again. i{e ha-s to 1154ff.II, No. 1, Kristensen 1881i: --
build a ship that moves faster on land than on water [cf. Type 5138) Icelandic: cf. Kvideland / Eirftssr.:
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 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2:- :FC 284

sen 1963; German: Behrend 1912, No. 13, Benzel 1962, No. 171;Greek: Laogräphia
Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974, ,\,,. -
20 (L962) 372ff .,Dlller 1982, No. 46, Megas I Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzy2anowski jhamv 2004; Pakistani: Thornp. ---
L962f. I; Chinese: Ting 1978; Yakut: Ergis L967, No. 108; English-Canadian:
Roberts 1960, Nos. 612, 612Ä, I:..
Halpert/Widdowson 1.996 Il, Nos. 36-43. 136; Chinese: Ting 1978; Indor., .
\os. 612, 6124; French-Can.:; ,
612 The Three Snake-Leaues. (Including the previous Types 465A* and Baughman 1966; Spanish-An-.e: -
612A.)A man promises his wife (bride) that if she dies before him he Colombian, Ecuadorian, Chil e,..:-
will be buried with her [M254,5123.21(to keep watch at her grave). Parsons 1923bI, No. 67; Egvp.;1...;-
She soon (after the wedding) dies. In the grave (at the grave-side) :rohenius lq2lff.ll, \o. 1.,I -
he sees a snake (weasel) revive another dead snake with a herb
(three leaves, blade of grass) 18572,8497.7, D1500.1.41. He revives 6124 See Tvpe ol2.
his wife in the same manner [E165]. His wife then falls in love with
another man (ship's captain) [K2213.51and, together with her new 613 The Two Traoelers. , - .
love1, she throws her husband into the sea[K2213.2,5142]. Types 613*,613A-, ::r..
Ot, she leaves her husband and by a ruse causes him to be con- and cobbler) argr-ie -,.. ...
demned to death (as a thief). A faithful servant [p361] (friend, his (justice or unjustice. - -
mother) resuscitates him with the snake-leaves [E105]. The guilty They call on c:- .

pair is exposed and punished [Q261]. [K451.1, N92]. The 1,,...

In some Indian variants, a god permits a man to resuscitate his and blinded, or tht -,
wife by giving her half of his own lifespan. She falls in love with companion onlr. ii l-.-
arother man and tuies to kill her husband. He is rescued and asks his Slo5l. The blinJ n: ..
wife to return the given years he gave her. She dies for a second where he overhear: :. -
time. (Previously Type 672A.) it itches) [8253, G6f , , '
[H963] he is able tt- :..
Remarks: Early literary sources, e.g. Apollodorus (III,3,1), Hyginus, Fabulae (1.36), the princess, kir-rg I [,--=
Paäcatantra (IY,5). H7193, N452.11, etc.
-\:: _
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff. VI[, 119f. No. 104; paris 1903c; Bp 1,126- the princess [H3+C,] r

131; Basset 1924ff .II,95; Wesselski 1925,188-192; Besthorn 1935,120f.; Wesselski

His companron -.
1938a,92-95; HDM 2 (193+-40) 317f. (M.Lambertz); Tubach 1969, No. 2706, cf.
No.4272; Schwarzbaum 1978,403,406;EMB (t996) 833-835 (R. W. Brednich); him. He goes to ti.ic :.- -.

Röth 1998; Verfasserlexikon 10 (2OOO) 7lf. (G. Dicke); Anderson 2000, g9-91.; birds (devils) think r: .
Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004, No. 432;EM: Schlangenblätter: Die drei S. (forth- him to pieces [N1;1
coming).
Finnish: Rausmaa 1972, No. 138; Estonian: Viidalepp 1980, No. 83; Latvian: Combinations: This type ir u -1..
Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte l999ff.-lfr, No. 4654*; Swedish: rvpes, e\p.300,320.531,5)+ . _
Liungman 1961; Danish: Holbek 1987, paunonen
167f .; Wepsian: Kecskem6ti / Literature/Variants: Chaulirr _ : - _
1974, Nos. 465A*,612;French: Delarue/Tendze1,964ff.II, Guerreau-]alabert1992, Köh1er/Bolte 1898ff. I,281-t:, -.
No. E105; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1,99\ff.II, cf. Goldberg 1998, No. E105; Bolte 1924 I, No. 489; Wessels._ -_
Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. 8491.1, Oriol/Pujol 2003; portuguese: Oliveira 7935,29-33; Schwarzbaum 19i.. j-:
1.900tf . I, Nos. 19, 138, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a; German: Nos. 695, 4283; EM I (1977) t:,:-_ - -
Ranke 1955ff. If Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. L6;Italian:Cirese/Serafirul971; Uther 1981, 116f ., 783f .; Jason -::, -
Rumanian: Birlea L966I,564ff .,III, 414; Hungarian: MNK iI; Czech: Tille 1929ff. 1997,377-379; Röth 1998; Schn- - :
I12,212{f.; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1991f.I, Nos. 165, 312,II,No.412; Bulgarian: Ringler); Marzolph/Van Leeu.,.. . . -
BFR No. 612, cf. Nos. *6128, *93482, Koceva2002; Greek: Klaar 1977,94lf.,Megas/ beiden W. (in prep.).
Puchner 1998, Nos. 612,612A; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I;Russian, Ukrainian: Finnish: Rausmaa 7982ff.I, No. -,- :
SUS, Nos. 465A*,6!2;Byelorussian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livoni:.:- _
120; ]ewish: Gaster 1924, No. 328,Jason1965; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. III, No. 17S; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte l999fi. L L..-.-
Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, No. 325; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Cheremis/Mari: ol3*; Wepsian, Karelian: Kec-k,.
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974, No. 465A*, Sabitov 1989, No. 465A*; Chuvash: Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Dani:}-.: r.:
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354 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.{ FFC 284

Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929; Scottish: Bruford/MacDonald SUPERNATURAL PCi.
1994, No. 12; Irish: Ö Süi11eabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: Briggs 1970f. A I,
122; French: Soupault 7963,295ff ., Delarue/Tenöze7964lf.II; Spanish: Camarena,r
Chevalier 7995ff .lI, GonzÄlezSanz7996; Basclue: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. II; 6504 Strong lohn.A voulrg ::-,-
Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. I, No.55, II, No.259, a giant (tro11-womar-. :-
Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Sinninghe 1943; Frisian: Kooi 198,1a; Flemish: F611.1.11_F611.1.15. ; =
Mever 1968, Meyer/Sinninghe 1976; German: Ranke 7955ff.11, Grimm KHMr the forest, in war, l-.r . -. _.
Uther 1996 II, No. 107; Sr,r,iss: Sooder 1929,23f., cf. Wildhaber lLlüer 7977, No. 30; his great appetite. b.
Austrian: Haiding 1953, Nos. 3,{, 66; Ladinian: Uffer 1945, No.3; Italian: Ciresei' Because of his er-.. : -
Serafini 1975, Nos. 613, De Simor.re 1994, No. 85; Corsican: Massignon 1963, Nos.
[F612.1, F6t4.1).He .,. :.
5,43,51,82, 88; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini, No. 613, 613A*; Maltese: Mifsud-
Chircop 1978; Hungarian: Gr.örgy 1934, No. 98, MNK Ii, Dömötör 2007,287; [K1411,K1421, K11]t :
Czech: Tille 1929ff. II2,764tr.,171ff., Dr,.oiäk 1978, No. 695; Slovakian: Ga§paril<ovä
strength [H931, F]t.j: .
1997f . 1, Nos. 1 70, 218; Slovene: Sa§e1j 1906f . I1, 2261., Bolhar 1974, 50ff .f Serbian: root trees, to catch rr.,, .
Eschker 1992, No. 7; Macedonian: Eschker 1972, No. 26; Rumanian: Biriea 7966II, 1F613-F613.41. \\,'he:-. :.
396ff., Iil,450; Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002, Nos. 613,6L3*; Albanian: Jarnik harnesses them to a ;-,-
1890ff.,264f.; Greek: Klaar 1963, 159ff., Megas/Puchner 1998; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, (bell) is throrvn orr ,-
No.63; Polish: Krzy2anowskiTg62f .I; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; chickens are scratchir-.: -l
Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos.67,253; |elr,ish: Noy 1963a, No. 11, Nor. is sent to the der-il . ::-
1965, No. 18, Jason 1965, 7975,1988a, Nos. 613, 613*, *673**; Cvpsy: MNK X 1; house [F80, F615.1, H,]-_
Ossetian: Bjazl,rov 1958, Nos. 43, 116; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen
king shoots him (in -. .. :.
1974, Sabitov 1989, Nos. 61,3, 613A"; Chur.ash, Tatar, Mordvinian, Votyak:
plishes every task .r:--:
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Kurdish: Nebez 1972,88ff .; Armenian: Gullakjan
1990; Buryat, Mongolian: Löincz 1979; Ceorgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Svrian: E1-
master and finallr. ltt:-r.r :
Shamy 2004; Lebanese: El-Shamy 200.1, No. 613A§; Palestinian: Nowak 1969,
Combinations: This type i. Lrr.
Nos. 189, 301, El-Shamy 2001; Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 301, El-Shamy 2004;
:\ pes, esp.300, l0l, 1000, I0n-,
lordaniary Saudi Arabian, Oman: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Pakis- ,

100s, 1007, 7029,1045,1049, 1 ,:

tani: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Jason 1989; Bur- ,

mese: Kaseviö/Osipor, 1976, No. 172;srilankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chi-

1120, 7730, 1732, 1535, 1640, 1:., .:
Remarks: Introduction to Tr-p+ :
nese: Riftin et al. 1,977 , No. 13, Ting 1978; Korean: Choi 7979, Nos. 460, 165, 467;
Literature/Variants: Singer L:,. _: :
Japanese: Ikeda 1971; English-Canadian: Fauset 1931, No. 1; French-Canadian:
\rries 19211; Loorits 7927; HD\I '.
Delarue/Tendze 7964ff .II; Spanish-American, Merican: Robe 1973; Dominicarr:
Hansen 1957, Nos. 613, 613..A; Puerto Rican: Hansen 7957, No. 613; Mayan: Verkel 1977;EM1(1977) 12-31: ::: .
S96; EM I (1996) 318-321 (S. ts...
Pefralosa 1992; Cuatemalan, Colonrbial, Ecuadoriary Bolivian, Chilean: Camarena,
Chevalier 1995{f.II; Brazilian: Alcoforado/Albän 2001, No.38; West Indies: Schmidt 1.999;EM: Starker Har-.. -
Finnish: Rausmaa l912fl.I, Nrr:. -
Flowers 1953; Egyptian: El-Shamv 2004, Nos. 613, 613A§; Tunisian, Algerian: El-
K105, L61; Finnish-Swedish: H.: -.
Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Nor,r,ak 1969, No. 300, EI-Shamy 2004; East African,
Congolese: K1ipple 1992; Stidanese: Klipple 1992, E1-Shamy 2004; Eritrean,
.\arne 1918; Livonian: Loorit: - -
Tanzanian: El-Shamy 2004; Namibian: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 1101; Malagasv: Kerbelytö 7999ff . I; Lappish: Kei..
Haring i982, No. 5.613. Livoniary Lappish, Wepsian, Lr.J -.

1974; Swedi'h: Liungman lo^

1876ff .1I, No. 4; Irish: ö Sr-iiliea,:::.
613*-6138* See lvpe 613.
-\I, 199f1., 5211., S29f .; Frencir: I .
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. II; C.: ..
62'1. See Type 857. 1900ff. l, No. 132, Cardigos (for:i- - .
\o.30; Fri'ian: Kooi lq84a, Ko.,- -
1999a, No.20; German: Ranke I.:-,
\o. 90, III, No. 166, Bechstein L -,
650A., 650,{**; Swiss: Sutermei.:::
Haiding 1953, Nos. 47, 48,65. F...
Decurtins lSqbff. Il, No. 15, X, \., _

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356 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC 284

MNK II, Dömötör 2001,287; Czech: Tille 1929ff. 1,L77,112,56f{.,87ff; Slovakian: weapon can penetr.t:r -
Ca§parftovä 1997f . 1, Nos. 13, 51,96,216,277,289,315,322,II, Nos. 378, ,108, 475 vulnerable spot on i1:: -
486,551; Slovene: Nedeljko 188.1ff. I, 65ff., Bolhar 7971,31it.; Serbian: Öajkanor.ii
has not touched,
1929, No. 175; Rumanian: Schullerris 1928, Birlea 1966II, 127fi.,lII,7ff ., 58tt., 452.
175t.,479ff .; Bulgariar-r: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek: Hahn 1918 II, No. 75, Megas
Puchner 1998, Nos. 650,650A; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, Nos. 64a-c; Polish: Krzr.zanor,r.ski
Literature/Variants: Cock 19i: l
1965 l, No. 650; Russian, Bvelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Tr-rrkish: Eberhard
Latvian: §mits 1962ff. VIIL -:-
Plenzat 1930,46; Sorbian: \.-
Boratav i953, Nos. 116V,287, p. 414 No. 3; Jer,vish: Nov 1963a, No. 15, Jason 1965.
No. 650, ]ason 1975, 1988a; Cr.psv: Briggs 1970f. A l, 4991i., cf . 541f., MNK X 1:
269ff .,509f .; Persian Gulf: \o:. ...

Ossetian: Bjazyror. 1958, Nos. 118-120; Abkhaz: Sakr1.i 1975, Nos. 78, 94; Adl.gea:
Alicr.'a 1986; Cheremis / Mari: Kecskemdti / Paunonen 1 97;1, Sabitor, 1989: 652 The Prince Wto se I\ i : ,:

Chuvasl.r, Tatar, Mordvinian, Votvak, Vogul/Mansi: Kecskemdti/Par-rnorren 1971; Christ, beggaa soltt.:
Yakut: Ergis 1967, Nos. 181, 182, 271;Uzbek: Keller/Rachimov 2001, No. 16: make all his r,r.ishe. ;: :'.
Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Palestinian, Iraqi: El-Shamv 2004; Chir.rese: Tins (servant, gardener, :-
1978, No. 6504,, Bäcker 1988, No. 24; Indonesian: Vries 7925f .I, No. 7, II, 407 No. [K2250]) learns aL,ou: :.-.
197; Filipino: Fansler 1921, No. 3; English-Canadian: Halpert/Widdor.r,son 1996 the boy. The serr.arr: . ---,
I, Nos. 23, 24; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff .II; Spar-risl.r-Americar-r (clothes), so she is a..-r :
Mexican: Robe 1973; Dominican, Puerto Rican: Hansen 1.957, No. 650; Mavan: prisoned [Q155]
Perlalosa 1992; Venezuelan, Colombian, Peruvian, Bolivian, Llruguayan, Chilean.
Argentine: Camarena/Chevalier 7995fI.II; West Indies: Florvers 1953, No. 650:
The prince i- rr- .

[R131.8.5, N856.1] r. l-- ,

Egl,ptian, Tunisian, Moroccan: El-Shamv 2004; Algerian: Nou.,ak 1969, No. 175
El-Sham1,2004; Ghanaian: Schott 1.993i.1, No..138; Sudanese: Klipple 1992,EI telling him to l-i-.]r ;,-: :
Sham,v 2004; Malagasv: Klipple 1992. Later the princ( .

playmate he had \\ ,:.: -

6508 The Quest foy a Strong Companion. A voung man seeks a strons tity. The prince tra;--
adversary to lrrrestle r,r..ith. He stays overnight in a hut r,r,here tlvcr sweetheart into a c.::- - .- .

strong men 1ive. When he discor.ers them, he secretly runs a\vay. to his father s .r,Lr :

In his flight he meets a giant plor,r,man and begs him to conceal identifies himseli tLr :-1.
him from the strong men in pllrsuit. The giant plotr,man hides the factor is punished. .-.
._
young man in his trousers (pocket) [F531.5.11], and fights the tr,r.o form and marries 1.r.:
men []26311.
Combinations: 373, 107.
Literature/Variants: Legman 1968f. II, 419; Masing 1981. Remarks: Literary treatmert -

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.7, No. 117; Estonian: Aarrre 1918, Viidalepp 1980, Nos. Literature/Variants: BP II,l:, _'
87, 88; Latvian: Smits 1962ff. VIII,454ff., Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuaniän: Kerbelvte \Ieder 1996; Röth 1998; E\t !, -.
1999f1.I, No. 6508,; Noru,egian: cf. Stroebe 1915 II, No. 28; Karelian: Kecskemeti \,Iarzolph/Van Leeuwen 20Lt-l 1.,

Paunonen 1974; Hungarian: Dömötör 1992, No. 22; Serbian: KaradZi6 1937, No
1, Eschker 1992, No.2; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; Russian, Ukrainian: SUS: 7977; Lithtanian: Kerbelr.te , -, -
Chechen-Ingush: Levin 1978, No. 22; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, No. 121; Abkhaz: Danislr: Berntsen I873f . il. \ :
Sakryl 1975, Nos.46,61; Karachav: Lajpanoy 1.957,22ff.; Advgea: Alier.a 1986; French: Delaruer Tenöze Iqb-+.-
Cheremis/Mari: Sabitor, 1989; Kazakh: Sidel'nikor, 1958ff. I, 420; Kara-Kalpak: \o. 320, Cardigos (forthcom.:- .
Volkov 1959,53ff .; Kirghiz: Potanin 1917, No. 36; Georgian: Dolidze 1956, No. 96; I0Bff.; Cerman: Ranke Iqiiir
Indian: Tauscher 1959, No. 73, Jason 1989; Chinese: Ting 1978, No. 6508,; US- Geramb/Haidhg 1980, No. llrr:-
American: Baughman 1966; Algerian: Frobenius 1921f1.11, No. 6, E1-Shamr,-2004; Czech: Tille7929ff.Il 2, 11Efi ; :
Ghanaian: Schott 1993f. L No.438. 1991f .I, Nos. 24, 91; Slovene: ).. ,-
2002; Creek: Megas/Puchrre: _ --.
Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; l:
650C The Youth l\lto Bathed Himself in the BIood of a Dragon, (Siegfried lc)88a; Cvpsy: MN K \ I; A rnr, - .

of the Nibellmgenlied.) A strong young man slays a dragon ancl French-Canadian : Delarue t' Te l-,. _
bathes himself in its blood. Thereafter he has a tough skin n hich ncr lVest Indies: Flowers 1953; Egr r: ..:
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358 Hans-Törs Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

6524 See Type 407. russian, Ukrainian: SUS; Tr-rrkr.--. :

1965, 7975,1988a; Gypsv: Br igE. . .
653 The Eour Skillful Brothers. (including the previous Type 513C*.) \o. 97; Adygea: AI eya lo\-
Three (four [P257.6.2] or more) brothers leave home and acquire Sabitov l98o' YrPr,. Ergi- I - -
extraordinary skills [F660.1]. The first is a huntsmary the second a Kamenskov I976, Nos. ll, -+: - .

ship-builder (astronomer), the third a thief (the fourth a tailor). Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolr:- -
When they return home they demonstrate their skills to their father 1960; Indian: Tauscher 1959. . \
2001, No. 66; Nepalese: Unbescl-: --
lF 6 42, F 642.7, F 661..1.7, F 667.4, F 662.1., H504, H1 1 5 1. 1 2, K305. 1 l.
Choi 1979, Nos. 203, 461, ,1r- --
They all help to rescue a princess who was captured by a dragon
Japanese: Ikeda 1971, Inada C,:...
[R166, R111.1.3]: The ship-builder builds a fast ship to carry them to 7964ff. II; Spanish,Americ.rr, l l-
the island where the princess is imprisoned (the astronomer dis- Mayan: Peflalosa 1992;Brazilt:.-.
covers the place of her imprisonment), the thief steals her, and the -
Cape Verdian: Parsons 19231. I \,
huntsman shoots the dragon (the tailor sews the ship destroyed by can: El-Shamy 2004; East Airic,- -

the dragon back together 1F662.21). Later each of the brothers claims 2004; Central African: Lamt r..::- .

that he should marty the princess [H627.2, R111.7]. No. 1111; Malagasy: Harilr-e 1:r:i
In some variants either their dispute remains unresolved [216],
or the brothers' father marries the princess. She may decide herself 6534 The Rarest Thing in tl ; 1,

whom to marry. Sometimes it is proposed that she should be three suitors (fr.icrr.: -
divided, and only her true lover objects (Solomon,s judgmenf cf. cious) thing in thr. -,
Type 926). Or, the winning suitor is decided by lot, or the brothers abilities woo the Friir-.;..
are given money or half the kingdom instead [e112]. a mirror (telescop.c. .,--.
happening in thc ..
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other [D1520. 18, D1520, 1.,- .-,:. .
types, esp.857,945, and 15254. that heals (resuscita:r.
Remarks: Indian origin see vetalapaficaoirysatiki (No.S). oldest European version
When thet m(,er :-
is the Italian Nooellino (No.23) of the lgthlrLthcentury. other early treatments
sick (ctead). Ther,gc. :-, -.
see Straparola, Piaceaoli notti (Yl[.,S) and Basile, pentamerone (V,7).
Literature/variants: ChauvinLSg2IflvßL,76 No.45; Köhler/Bolte 1g98ff.r,29B- fruit to heal her (resti .
303,438440; Farnham 1920; Wesselskilg2i, No. 80; Bp III,45-58; Kretschmer marry her [H621 .2, Z _:
1930; HDM 2 (1934-40) 567-569 (8. Heller); EM 2 (t979) 903-s12 (K. Ranke);
Scherf 1995 l, L82-184, 195-197 , 466470, II, 12Z3-1276, 1830-1332; Tomkowiak/ Literature/Variants: Chauvin I : -, -
-3; Bascom 1975,
Marzolph 199 6, 56-58; Goldberg 1992 c; Röth 1 99 g; Schmid t 1999 ; cf . Mar zolph I No.36,1-j,: L:
Van Leeuwen 2004 No. 355. Scherf 1995 II, 1330-1332; Goi.i:.
-
Finnish: Rausmaa 198211.I, No. 119; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 2003; Marzolph/Van Leeuu er-. I _

1977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytö1999ff.I; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925, No. 653*, Bartens Finnish: Rausmaa I9B2ff.I, \; ,_
2003, No. 44; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 19g4; Danish: Kerbelyte 7999ff.II; Icelandic: :. .
(1967-68) 156ff. No. 23; Frenc:-
Grundtvig 1854ff.1r, No.6, Grundttrig18z6ff.I, No. 17; Icelandic: sveinsson 1929; - ._

Irish: Ö sriilleabhäin/Christianser tsos; French: Delarue/Tendze l964ff. tr; 1946f., No. 150, Camarena/Che,.,. .
Spanish, Basqrre: Camarena/Chevalier lg91ff.II; Catalan: Oriol/pujol 2003; guese: Oliveira 1900ff. I, No. 1:,: ._
Portuguese: oliveira 1900ff.rr, No.414, Cardigos (forthcoming), Nos. s1-3C.,053; Cermar-r: Peuckert 1932, No. lLrl :
BFP; Dutch: Sinninghe 1.943, Kooi 2003, No. 4; Frisian: Kooi 1,gg4a; Flemish: Italian: Schneller 1867, No. ll: L
Meyer 1968; German: Ranke t955ff.II, Tomkowiaklgg},2S2, Grimm KHM/ \4NKII; Czech: Horäk1971,11t:: :
uther 1996II, No. 129;rtarian: Cirese/serafini lgTB; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop Koceva 2002; Albanian: Leskier-. , -
t978;Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tille l929ff .III, 162; Slovakian: Gasparfkovä Puchner lqqS; Polish: Krzvzan, . .,
1991.f.II, No.417; Slovene: Drekonja 1932,48f.; Serbian: Djordjeviö/Milosevi6- Rus'ian, Byeloru,sian: SL S; ILr --
Djordjeviö 1988, No. 247;Rumanian: Birlea 1966I,274ff.,II, OSff.,III,3g9ff., llf.; Haboucha 7992; Cypsy: Aichele :
Bulgarian: BFI Nos. 513C*,653, Koceva 2002, Nos. 513C*, 653; Greek Dawkins 21; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Kurclisl-: i.
1950, No. 6,MegaslPuchner 1998; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.1;Russian, Byelo- 27; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; C= :
tiniary Jordaniary Iraqi, Saudi Ar.::- .
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360 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28+ Ffc 284

Marzolph 1984; Indian: Tauscher 1959, No. 24; Chinese: Ting1978; ]apanese: anian: Kerbelyte 1999ff. 1I, \,-
Inadaf Ozawal977tr.;Fllipino: Fansler 1921, No. 12; Spanish-American, Mexican: Hodne 1984; Irish: Ö Sirillear,-.,: :

Robe 1973; Dominican, Puerto Rican: Hansen1957; Guatemalan, Dominican: 1964'if.II; Catalan: Orioli prr;,-. ^
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.n;Brazilian: Romero/Cascudo, 284ff.; Cape Verdian: 412,2107, Kooi 1986,114; Frr. .--
Parsons l923bl, No. 13; NorthAfrican: El-Shamy 2004; Egyptian: El-Shamy 198Q Ranke 1955ff. II, Moser-R.rti.. _ - - -
No. 7, El-Shamy 2004; Tunisiary Algerian: El-Shamy 2004; Cameroon: Kosack Uther 1996 II, No. 124; Italiar-.r i '.
2001, 173; East African: Velten 1898, 71.ff .; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004; Ethiopian: 17,51, No. 16, Dömötör 10 , _.
Reinisch 1889, Nos. 3, 11; South African: Grobbelaar 1981. Russian: SUS; Turkish: Eberl... :. _.

Chinese: Ting 1978; Koruan:r

6538 The Suitors Restore the Maiden to Life. A woman loved by three C)zawa lq77f f .; US-A mcriia:.
(four) suitors dies [T92.0.1]. The first keeps watch at her funeral L'rdies: Flowers 1953.
pyre, the second takes her ashes to the river (Ganges), the third (a
wandering beggar) learns a magic formula that restores her to life 6548* See Type 926A*.
[T92.1.4). A dispute follows as to who is to marry her 1H621.2,216].
Usually the problem is solved in a philosophic explanation: The 655 TheWise Brothers. - -
one who brought the woman back to life is like her father; the one leaves his wealth ri :- -
who carried her ashes to the river is like her son; the one who (pieces of gold) tha: -,, -'
watched the funeral pyre is like her husband and therefore may settie the case ther ;. :-.
marry her. of an animal and "- . . :
camel (horse, pack-,:1- 11-;

Remarks: Indian origin, see Vetalapaftcaztimiatika (No. 2).

Literature/Variants : Penzer 1924ff . YI, 261-266 ; Ruben 19 44; EM 2 (197 9) 9 lO ; it was carrying oi1 .,: :-
Scherf 1995 Il, 1330-1332, Goldberg L997 c. had no tail (duns. .-
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff.ll; Portuguese: Oliveira 19}0ff.l, No. 156, Cardigos
When ther rre r r -.
(forthcoming), No. 6534; Flemish: Meyer 1968, Top 1982, No. 8; Mongohän:
remarks, takes then-. :-:
Lörincz 1979; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Beck et aL '1987, No. 8; Sri
Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Nepalese: Sakya/Griffith 1980,98ff.;Chinese: explain their obserr ,...:
Ting 1978; Cambodian: Sacher 1,979, 353f., Gaudes 1987, Nos. 29, 46; Cape are invited for dir,r.=: _-

Verdian: Parsons l923bI, No. 13. [F647.5.1 ], the rr-rn.

host is a bastard [L :: -
654 The Three Agile Brothers. Three brothers are sent out by their father On investigatir.:-. _:

to acquire skills. The one who learns best will inherit the house animal had been .L: --.
[F660.1, H504]. The first becomes a smith, the second a barber, the cemetery, and the r:-..- .r-"_
third a fencer. In some variant: -r-.
When they are asked to demonstrate their skills, the smith shoes Type 976) in order :.- .-
a horse while it is galloping 1F663.11, the barber shaves a running his reaction he decla::.
hare [F665.1], the fencer circulates his sword so fast that he stays dry are asked to shoot i:- -
in a heavy rainlF667.1). discloses the real st.:- ,..-
The father either chooses one of his sons, o1, he leaves his prop- iudge enforces anor.--
erty to all three of them. another of Solomor, . -

Remarks: Documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. Gesta Romanorum (No.l96).Early Combinations: 725, 875, 920C .::-,-
tall talesee Philippe le Picard (No. 1). Remarks: Indian variants e.g. r:- :
Literature/Variants: BP IIf 10-12; Wesselski 1925, No. 20; HDM 2 (192440)567- of Somadeva.
569 (8. Heller); Tubach 1969, No.3638; Bascom 1975, Nos. 2,1-7;EM2(lg7g)868- Literature/Variants: Fraenkel I ::
871(K. Ranke); F{ansen 2002,426f. 63; Fraenkel 1893; Prato 189.1; Fr.: -.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, No. 121; Finnish-swedish: Hackman 19LTf .I,No. 143; Wesselski 1925,222-225; Schr... ,
Estonian: Aarne1918, Viidalepp 1980, No. 89; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Lithu- Dawkins 7950,324-326; Mega. ,:.
1969, Nos. 500,2611, 4964,8391 | .. -
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)o1 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC 284

Ranke); Marzolph 19921I, No.416; Röth 1998; Hasan-Rokem 2000,47f.,50,58f., I; Slr.,edish: Liungman 1961:\ :
60t.,631.; Grayson 2002,S7-S9;}i4.arzolph lYan Leeuwen 2004, Nos. 289,357,358. Skattegraveren 5 (1886) 3r. \-
Finnish: Rausmaa 1.952ff.I,498; Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. 925*; Norwegian: French: Delarue/Tenöze l9r-i ,
Hodne 1984, No. 655, cf. p.1,59; Danish: Kristensen 1881ff. II, No. 20; Catalan: Kooi 1984a, Kooi/Schuster I 'r.:
Oriol/Pujol 2003, Nos. 655,655A; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. I, No. 142, II, No. lq55ff. II, Kooi /Schu*ter I ..-
314, Cardigos (forthcoming), Nos. 655, 6554; Hungarian: MNK II; Macedonian: 118, Berger 2001, No. 660-; .\-.. -
Cepenkov/PenuSliski 1989II, No. 165, IV No.486; Rumanian: Stroescu 1969lI, 1972, No. 10; Hungarian: \l\-i
No. 46504; Bulgarian. BFP, Nos. 655, 655A, Koceva 2002, Nos. 655, 655A; 2310; Slovakian: Polivka 19ll:, -
Albanian: Camaj/Schier-Oberdorffer 1974,No.36; Greek: Dawkins 1950, No.31, 197q, No. 72; Poli'h: Krzt ). -

Loukatos 1957,2641f., Megas/Puchner1998, Nos.655,6554;Polish: Krzy2anowski SUS; Jewi-h:Jason Ia75: t r: -

1962f.I; Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 347 III,348; Paunonen 1974; Ceorgiarr: I'L .

Jewish: Noy 1963a No. 114, Jason1965, No. 655*C, lason1975, Nos. 655, 6554, Vietnamese: cf. Landes 1ES. '.
-1,975,
Jason 1988a, Nos. 655, 6554; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Abkhaz: §akryl No. 66; Inada / Ozawa 1977ff .; Austra_ I ..:-
Adygea: A1ieva 1986; Kurdish: DZalila et al. 1989, Nos. 27, 97; Armenian: Delartre/Tendze 1961ff .II; L:- -.
Gullakjan 1990, Nos. 655,655A; Uzbek Reichl 1978, 91.ff.;Tadzhik: Grjunberg/ French-American: Ancelet I !i -l ' .

Steblin-Kamenskov 197 6, 34f .; Mongoli an Llrincz 197 9 ; Tuv a: Taube 1 978, No. Central African: cf. Fuchs 1!,r,
63; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004; Lebanese: Nowak
1969, No. 469, El-Sharny 2004, Nos. 655, 6554; Aramaic: Arnold 1994, No. 45; b64" Thc Soldier HyTtrtot i-. ,
Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 655,655A; Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 479;Kuwaih, 664A* and 66:18'., - .
Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984, Nos. 655, 655A; Afghan: Lebedev (1) A soldier (p...::r:
1986, 130ff.; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Schimmel 1980, No. 12; Indian:
Tauscher 1959,178, Thompson/Roberts 1960, Nos.655,655A, ]ason 1989, Nos.
turn out to be butti,-. -
655,655A; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Nos. 655,6554, Schleberger soldier to court, the r. .-
1985, No. 64; Chinese: Ting1978; Korean: Choi1979, No.461; Spanish-American: flood is occurins, H; -
Robe 1973, No. 6554; Argentine: Hansen 1957, Nos. 655, **656A; Egyptian: El- without leaving the :.
Shamy 1980, No. 16, El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 655,655A; Tunisiary Moroccan: El- the soldier. (Prer-ic,,.r.
Shamy 2004, Nos. 655,655A;Algerian: El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese: Ktipple 1992, (2) A soldier r, -
El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 655, 655A. keeper believe th a . :- r
they are being cl-ra.t,: -
5554 See Type 655. and comes to his .e:-.- -

660 The Three Doctors. Three doctors display their skills [H504]. One Literature/Variants:
removes one of his eyes, the second one his hand (arm, finger) and Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I \. .
the third his stomach (heart), intending to replace it later [F668.1]. 11; Lappish: Kecskem6ti' p.r..:-
During the night a cat eats the body parts. A servant substitutes the Lr dian: Kecskemeti Paunur:- . . -
1958,745f1.; Greek: cf. Klaar t!i-
eye of a cat [E781.3], the hand of a thief 18782.1.11and the stomach _

664C*, 664C**; Byelorussian. r- , :.

of a hog lE787l (heartlB786D, and the doctors replace them without
Boratav 1953, No. 219 IV r -.
injury [E780.2,E782]. Kecskemdti/Paunonen 19ij'.
The one with the cat's eye can see best at night (always looks for \rasilenko 1955, No. 20, Soboie . ,.
mice), the one with the thief's hand steals, and the one with the 386.
hog's stomach is always hungry (sniffs and roots at the ground).
664A* See Type OO,1*.
Remarks: Documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. Gesta Romanorum (No.76).
Literature/Variants: BP II, 552-555; HDM 2 (1934-40) 85f. (W. Heiligendorff);
Schwarzbaum 1968,317;Legman1969f.tr,640f.; Tubach 1969, No.2310; Läcourciöre
6648* See Type 664*.
1970a; Thompson 1980; EM 3 (1981) 742-747 (L. S. Thompson); Dekker etal.199Z,
110-112. 665 The Man Who Flet i:-.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, No. 122; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.1,No. 144; (youngest of three l.:.
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Lithtanian: Kerbelytö1999ff. transforming himsel : . -
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364 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.+ FFC 284

D150,D170,D777.21by an old man in return for his hospitality (con- Remarks: Classicai origin, e.g. I.l,:
struction of a bridge) [E341] or by grateful animals [8350] whom he and Ovid, Heroidcs (nos. ll, ]-
had helped [Q42.11. Literature/Variants: Erk / Blr}rr-. .
He goes into the service of a king who has departed for war and 2.13;Haavio 1,955a, 204-233; F;. :-.
has forgotten an (two) important object (magic sword [D1081], -3(1981) 1122f . (W. Fechter); F:e:-_.
magic ring1D1470.1.15], telescope, war documents, gloves). The Kern/Ebenbauer 2003, 558-i". :
Flemish: Duyse 1903ff. I, No
king promises his daughter to whoever can deliver the forgotten =-: l
Berger 2001, No. XIX H2; Au:::,,, -
object immediately.
Hungarian: MNK II; Slovene: \l - .,: -
The soldier offers his help. He reaches the castle fast by swim- 1978,196ff .; Polish: Krzy2anor.. ...
ming as a fish, flying as a bird, and running as a hare [D6a1]. He 62; Indian: Jason 1989; Japane.. .
presents himself to the princess in his different transformations. She
gives him the forgotten object and keeps a piece of his scale, pelt, a 667 The Wood Spirit,s FosJ;.
bit of fu1, and a feather for herself. father in a crisis tc. : :.
On his return the soldier is ki1led by an envious rival [K1931.3]. from the latter the p.:. : l
The murderer takes the forgotten object and claims the reward.
[D630.1]. He frees :. :-:
When the princess asks to see a second demonstration of the trans- demon, and is thror. .- -
formations, the cheater fails. She refuses to marry him and her father who claims to har-e :e . -- -
threatens to execute her. is exposed, and the 'l , - :
The soldiel, resuscitated by his magic helpers [8515], arrives at
the last moment [N681], proves his identity (identificationby feather Combinations:302,31,6,325, r : :
lH78.2land marries the princess. The cheater is condemned to death. Literature/Variants: Megas l !: : --
Finnish-Swedish: Hackman i; - -
Combinations: 301, 301D*, 302,31,6,31,8, 400, and 7504. n egian: Haukenes 1885, 306i: _ .
Literature/Variants: HDM 1 (1930-33) 240248 (F. M. Goebel); Thompson 1951, Bodker 1958, No. 4, Christensr:- : .
57f .; Mudrak 1961; EM 6 (1990) 87Lf .; Scherf 1995I, 51-54, 339-342,II, 834-837, Creek: Konomis 1962, No. l. 1,.i.:
1043-1047,1047-1050,1,244-1,247;Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999;EM9 (1999)21.5-21.8 Yakut: Ergis I967, No. Il0.
(C. Habiger-Tuczay).
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tr.I, No. 125; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.1, No. 131; 670 The Man Who llndtr::.-.
Estonian: Aarne 1918, Loorits 1959, No. 119; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Llthu- Animal Languages . ._. :
anian: Basanaviöius 1993f. I, No.28, Kerbelyte 1999ff.1; Lappish: QvigstadLg2Tff.
understand animal ....:- :,
III, No. 41; Syrlanian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;Darush: Kristensen 1,896f.I,
No. 19; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929, cf. Boberg 1966, Nos. D630,D641,8341,Q42.1;
him that if he rei ea.- .

Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; Spänish: Espinosa 1946, No. 42;German: Once the man hea:. . -
Ranke 1955ff. II; Ladinian: Decurtins 1896ff.II, No. 72; Italian: Cirese/Serafini insists on knowing ,.... ..
t971;Hungarian: MNK II; Czech: Tille L921,303ff.; Slovakian: Polivka 1923ff .II, ging, he is about to :, .
161ff.; Slovene: Nedeljlo 1889,60t.; Serbian: Öajkanovi6 1922 No. 60; Croatian: rooster say horr' .a- .

Valjavec 1890, No. 27;Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; Sorbian: Nedo 1956, No.65; cannot rule even hi- :.
Russiary Ukrainian: SUS; Siberian: Radloff 1.8661f.I, No.5; French-Canadian: his secret and does nc,. .
Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff.II; Egyptian: El-Shamy 1980, No. 16.
Combination s:207 A, 677.
666* Hero anil Leander.During the feast of Adonis in Sestos, Leander sees Remarks: Seemingly of Indiar.r ..: :
Hero, a priestess of Aphrodite, falls in love with her at first sighf Viddle Ages, e.g. Gesta Rontn,t.
and wins her love. Hero has been consigned to celibary so the lovers 1a, seeGirolamo Morlini (No. , 1
can only meet secretly. Leander swims every night through the Literature/Variants: Benfey lEtr-; . -
Köhler Boite 18q8ff. Il, ol0i.; Aar-
Hellespont strait to see Hero who shines a light from the tower for
323,IY,7-97,VI,689-690; Bp I, It_
him. One stormy night the light goes out and Leander is drowned.
33; Schwarzbaum 1968, 90, 405, +::
Hero sees his body and plunges into the sea to be united with him bxtm1979,406,542f .,546 not. 2, l_l: .
in death [T83]. 107; Dekker et al.1997,357f.; Rötj.. . -
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srq dq pasruro.rd uaaq peq oqzvr doqy ,uos-DlsoJ s,lqlds pooM aW Lgg e '11ad 'a1ecs srq;o atard e sda....
aqs 'suolleuroJsuEJl ]uaraJIrp : -
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299 -uJr.\l.s dq lsey allseJ ar{l saLI-rL.-.-
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-
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366 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E1 FFC 284

2004, Nos. 2,3;EM: Tiersprachenkundiger Mensch (in prep.)" Literature/Variants: Schw,arz'i :,: -

Finnish: Rausmaa 19821f.I, No. 126; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.1, No. 145; Vensch (in prep.).
Estonian: Loorits 1959, No. 128; Livonian: Loorits L926;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne Macedonian: Öepenkor, / Pen r-: ., . .
1977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1.999f1.I; Wepsiary Lydian, Karelian: Kecskemdti/ 1960; Nepalese: Sakva/Griffir:- , -
Paunonen 1974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Danish: Grundtvig 1854ff.I1, No. 113,
Skattegraveren 8 (1887) 157f. No. 674;Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Irish: Ö Sriilteabhäin/ 671 The Three Languagcs.
Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tendze 1964ff. II; Spanish: Camarena/
Chevalier 1.99511. II; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. T252.2, Oriot/Pujol 2003; [8215.2),birds [B2t: -
useless knol,r..ledge :
Portuguese: Sarmento 1998, No. 1086, Cardigos (forthcoming); Flemish: Meyer
1968; German: Ranke 1955fI.ll; Italian: Cirese/Serafiru1975; Corsican: Massignon
compassionate serr . '-
1963, No.2; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Hungar- heart as proof for th; ::-
ian: MNK II; Czech: Tllle1929ff .112,426f .; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1991f. I Nos. By means of his ...:^
203,209,252,285,If Nos. 373,421; Slovakian: Polivka 1,923f1.[Y,276ff.; Slovene: Covers a I reasu rv :---
Sa§elj 1906f. I,230ff.; Serbian: Eschker 1992, No. 19; Macedonian: Öepenkov/ Through his knorr'le; :.
Penu5liski 1989 | Nos. 84, 85; Rumanian: Schullerus1928,Birlea1966ll,426f{.,1il, be elected pope IH t - -
454; Bdgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Alb anian: Karlinger / Mykytiuk 1.9 67, N o. 39 ; to sit on his shoulcler. ..:-
Greek: Loukatos 1957,48f., Megas/Puchner1998; Polish: Krzyianowskilg62f.I; pope (birds indicatt :- .
Russiary Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No.56; tell him what to dc .
]ewish: Noy 1963a, No. 34, ]ason 1965, 1975,1988a; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Ossetian: advice on hor,r [o r.':
Bjazyrov 1958, No. 122; Adygea: Alieva 1986; Cheremisll|L4.ari, Mordvinian,
Votyak Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Armeru;rn: Gullakjan 1990; Kalmyk: Llincz
Remarks: Often combined rr 1::-. . -.
1979;Georgpan: Kurdovanidze2000; Syrian: El-Shamy2004; Palestinian: Hanauer
671, and725 "three forms" r.t -:'.
L907, 258ff., E1-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Indian, Sri Lankan:
Thompson / Roberts 1 960; Vietnamese: Karow 1,97 2, N o. 22; Chinese: Ting 1,97 8 ;
in Europe, see ]ohannes GoL.i T...:-
Korean: Choi1979, Nos. 268, 471; Indonesian: Vries 1925f.I1, No. 186; Japanese:
Literature/Variants: Aarne 1 !, :..
Ikeda1971,,Inadaf Ozawa1977ff.; French-Canadian: Delarue lTen)ze1964ll.l;
2211.; Craig 1947; Mudrak t9a! .
US-American: Baughman 1966; Sp antsh-Americary Mexican: Robe 1973; Domin- -
No.636; Schwarzbaum 7979..:1 -
icary Puerto Rican: Hansen1957; South American Indian: Hissink/Hahn1.96'1.,
224*226, II, 7285-1287; Dekker -: ..
No.346; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992;Bolivian,Argentine: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.
kundiger Mensch (in prep.).
II; West Indies: Flowers 1,953;Cape Verdian: Parsons 1923bI, Nos. 42, 42a;Egyp-
Livonian: Loorits 1926; Lithu.r- ..-
tian, Algerian: El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Basset 1892 No. 108, El-Shamy 2004;
West African: Klipple 1992;East African: Arewa 1966, No. 3372 (11), Klipple
7999ff.I, No. 670; Swedish: ci. L .: -
.
1992;Sudanese: Klipple l992;Eritrean: El-Shamy 2004; Central African: Lambrecht
Kvideland/Eiriksson \,
198E.
French: Delarue/Tenöze 19t-i-
1962 No. 3372 (4,5, 6); Congolese: Klipple 1992; Namibian: Schmidt 1989 II, No. -

Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. E::

1115; South African: Coetzee et al. 1.967;Malagasy: Haring 1982,No. 4.670.
1984a; Flemish: Meyer 196S; C::::.
1996 I, No. 33; Swiss: Jegerlehne: - -
670A The Woman Who llnderstands Animal Languages.Anewly married Cirese / Serafini1975; Maltese: l, I -
woman who knows animal languages hears jackals (other animals) No. 98; Czech: Tllle 1929t1.1 : :
saying that a corpse floating in the river has a valuable ring on its Gabr§öek 7910,13ff.; Serbiarr: C..... .
finger [N547]. She pulls the corpse from the river and removes the 1959, No. 43; Macedonian: Escl-....,
ring. (In order to remove the ring she has to bite off the finger. Her No. 64; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: H,, .
husband sees hel believes her to be a cannibal ogress [N342.6], and Krzy2anowski 7962f. I, Nos. -::
decides to return her to her family.) Stephani 1998, No. 49; Gvpsr: i.l
En route she overhears animals (birds) talking about where a Bjazyrov 1958, No. 123; Azerbaii.-.-
253; Mongolian: Michajlov 19r:_
treasure is hidden. Her husband learns the truth and they are recon-
Lüders 1921, No.22; Burmese: K.....
ciled. (The husband stays to guard the treasure and the wife goes to
Korean: Cho 1.979, Nos. 26E, =-
get her father-in-1aw. When he sees her returning alone, he con- Delarue / Tendze 79 64ff . II; Sparu:: -
cludes she has killed his son and is returning to kill him, and slays Mexican: Robe 1973; Mayan: per-.-:
her before she has a chance to speak.) Cf. Types 778A-178C. 1995ff . II; East African, Congo1e.. :
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368 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC 284

67'LC* See Type 673. Literature/Variants: BP lI, lSct -:

36) 7799-1207 (K. Olbrich); \\: -::
671D* To DieNextDey. Afarmer, overhearing the conversation of animals Scherf 1995 II, 1398-1401; E\I i -

talking (during Christmas, NewYear's or Easternight), finds thathe Schlangenkrone, -stein (fortl'r; -- :
is to die (is warned of death) the next day (very soon). The predic- Finnish: Simonsuuri/ Rarr*n' .

1998, No. R21; Latvian: Aräjs i,.1..'

tion comes true. Cf. Type 930-.
o72*, Loorits 1q59, No. l2o t
7993f.I, Nos.86,87, Kerbeh'te ---
Literature/Variants: HDA 8 (1936 I 37) 943 IHDS (1961-63) 478480.
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Dutch: Dinnissen 1993, No.34, cf. No. 79,Bloer:rhoff-
\o. b72A; Swedish: Liung*,.,
6724; Cerrnan: Bartsch 1E79i , '.
de Bruijn/KooiL984, No. 9; Frisian: Kooi 2000,285; German:Böck1977, No. 22,
Cammann/Karasek 1981I,270b; Swiss: Büchli/Brunold-Bigler 1989ff.I,22,299,
Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 II, \ ,
Wildhaber/Uffer1977, No., !- -
386,5-1.5,878,I1,38f.,I[,334,577f.,619; Austrian: Moser L974a, 1.36; Ladinian: Haiding 1965, Nos. 64, 123,31 I -
Büchli/Brunold-Bigler 1989ff .Il, 19f., 273f ., 426f1., 438t., 63L,755; Rumanian:
Slovakian: Polivka 1923ff.\- ":)-
Fabula 23 (1982) 305; Kurdish:Diallla et al. 1989, No. 23.
Filovä/Ga5parfl<ovä 1993, \o 'r
671x* A Magic Boy. A boy understands the language of birds and can
776{.; Croatian: Valjavec 1891r, 'r .:
SUS; Polish: Krzy2anowski 19,r1 .
interpret dreams. A merchant takes the boy in payment for goods Sorbian: Nedo 1950, No.20; \-:
and orders him to be slaughtered. He wants to eat the boy,s heart Parker 1910ff.II, No. 131;N.rn-..:- .
and liver in order to obtain his wisdom. The boy escapes. The mer-
chant is called to the king to interpret a dream. He cannot do this. 5724-672C SeeType 672.
The boy arrives, interprets the dream, and exposes the merchant. Cf.
Type 577. 672D The Stone ofthe Snakt -
pents (and a dragor' .
Literature/Variants: tates it and stays alir e :
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, No. 127; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1978; Russian: SUS;
he is rescued from tl-rr :
Kurdish: DZalila et al. L989, Nos. 24, 25; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000, No.
67lE**; Indian: Mode/Ray 1.967,327ff.;Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov1976, No.50.
Remarks: Documented in the 1,.i .:
Literature/Variants: Tubach 1 ;^ -l
672 The Serpent's Crown. (Including the previous Types 672A-622C.) Finnish: Simonsuuri/Rau.rn.r. .
This miscellaneous type comprises various tales dealing with a 1998, No. R31; Latvian: Aräi: l l,
serpent's crown [D1011.3. 1, 8244.7]. Cerman: Tietz 1956,75ff ., Gri::'. ' '.
(1) A man steals a serpent's crown. When the serpent pursues 1907, 78lff .; Czech: Tilie 1919::
him he throws his garment behind him. A cook cooks the crown and vakian: Kosovä-Kole[i{ny1 ];rr
learns the language of animals [8165.1.2] (and/or receives wealth Krzyzanowski lgb2f .l,No. o. I ',
lB112l). (Previously Type 672A.) Cf.Type 673. 1891ff.I, No.33, cf. SUS, No r-=-
(2)A girl finds the crown (stone) of a serpent which it had laid 79\3ff . l, No. 53; Chinese: Tinc , : -
down (lost) 18765.21. The serpent dies (kills itself from sorrow)
[E774.2). (Previously Type 6728.)
6728* Expelling Snakes. .\ .
(3) A good-natured maidservant shares milk with a (sick) serpent certain region. He .,.-_
(wearing a crown) 18765.6) (cf. Type 285) and is chased a*uy by a (white crowned snak. -

farmer. When the maidservant marries a (rich) shepherd, the ser- the earth with the sn,:. .
pent, still grateful for the milk, appears at her wedding and lays
Literature/Variants: Röhrich, ; -^
down its crown of silver and gold [811,2]. (Previously 'lype 672C.)
Holbek 1985,132.
Or, the serpent gives her its crown in return for her sharing her Finnish: Rausmaa 7972, 47 3f ., J au : ..
milk. Late1, the maidservan! at her wedding thanks the snake for its 1958, No. 3060; Danish: Kristens..-
help and returns the crown. 13f.; Cerman: Peuckert 1924,2.10, \,. ,
1913, Nos. 33, 74, Bnchli/Brunt _: -
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560t., [1,229f .,243,279,289,290,298,302ff ., 620; Austrian: Depiny 1932,52 nos.

No. 51; Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Chri
29, 30; Czech: Tille t929ff. I, 113; Slovene: Bolhar 1974, l71it., 178ff .; potish:
II; Cerman: Tomkowiak j993,7j
Krzy2anowski t962f . I, No. 672D; Sorbian: Schulenburg 1880, 98.
KHM/Uther 7996I, No. 17; Czec
1991f.I, No.203, II, No.3Z3, Sloven
672C* Testimony of the Serpent, (Inctuding the previous Type g42B-.)A 1922 No. 61; Polish: Krzy2anorvsl
woman who owns (is friendly with) a magic serpent is raped by a ian: SUS, No. 673; Turkish: Ebert
prince. The woman asks the serpent, who witnessed tie act of Sabitov 1989; Georgian: cf. Kurdo
violence, to testify that the prince should marry no one else. (A No. 12; Chinese: Ting1,978;BraÄ)
prince calls a serpent to witness that he will marry a farmwife.)
When the prince is about to marry a beautiful princess, the 674 Incest Aoertedby Talki
serpent twists itself about his neck. The first woman comes and frees separated from her huql
him from the serpent on the condition that he marries her. (The from her by tricken- ar
serpent appears at the prince's wedding, twists itself about his neck, mother. When grorrn u1
and unwinds itself only when he wilt marry the farmwife.) [N365.1.1], and goes to ]
he overhears animals {c
Literature/Variants: Anderson 1963, 99.
Swiss: cf. Wildhaber/Uffer 1971, No. 31; Italian: Cirese/Seraf iru 1975; Greek: Literature/Variants: Schwarzbau rn
Laogräphia 21 (L963-64) 491ff. No. 8428*,Megas/puchner 1998, No. *672C; Latvian: §mits 1962ff. IX, 77tr.; Rum
|ewish: cf. Bin Gorion 1990, No. 87,EllB (1996) 1392. Öendej 1959, 261ff.;]ewish: ]ason
Roberts 1960, Blackburn 2001, \t
672D* See Type 673. Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004.

673 The White Serpent's Flesh. (Including the previous Types 671C* and 675 TheLazy Boy. (Includinr
672D-.) Contrary to a warning, a servant (cook) eatJ the flesh of a [L114.1] releases a fish r

white serpent (from the king's pot), whereupon he understands the gives him the power of
speech of animals (birds) lBZ17.t.1l (cf. Types 670,672111). D1761.0.t1.
0L a boy (driver) tastes the meat of a white snake that has been Thelazy boy thenim
prepared by a healer (farmer), whereupon he understands the carry itself, a wagon mo
language of the grass and trees. (previously Type 672D-.) When the princess laug
When he is accused of stealing a ring this knowledge enables (from eating an apple, t
him to prove his innocence. By overhearing the convelrsation of beautiful child. The kins
ducks he learns that one of them has swallowed the queen,s ring child picks the lazv btr,.l
that fell from the window [N451]. (previously type e71C*.) appte [U+Sf .1], brX, got,
He orders the duck to be slaughtered, the ring is found, and he The king orders fathc
is saved. (He learns that the ring is in the stomach of a grateful fish, in a cask in the sea [S1{1]
who brings it back [cf. Type Z36A].) wishing they reach land
and makes a castle app'e
Combinations: 305, 554. king comes to visit, the ,

Remarks: This Type is usually found in combination with Type 554, which fol- apple, golden cup) rr-oj
lows this introduction. accused of stealing. Thr-r
Literature/Variants: Benfey t864; Aarne 1909a; Aarne 1914a;Bp I,131-134; EM 3
and innocence (unu'ittin
(1981) 288,29\,297; EM 3 (1981) 823; Scherf t99511,1380-1383; Dekker et aL. L997,
ceptive.
357f.; Röhrich 2001., B'1.f.,86; Hansen 2002, 462469; EM: Tiersprachenkundiger
Mensch (in prep.).
Combinations: 530,561, 592,707, a
Finnish: Rausmaa 1972,474f.,]auhiainen 1998, No. D79; Estonian: Loorits 1959,
Remarks: Early versions see Strap;
Nos. 130, 131; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian:
merone (1,3).
Christiansen 1958, No.3030; Danish: Aakjaer/Horbekl9ä6,No. 14ä; scottish: cf.
Literature/Variants: Wesseiski 191
Campbell 1890ff. II, No. 4Z Briggs 19z0f.Bil, s7\ff., Bruford/MacDonald1.994,
Schwarzbaum 1,968,90; Uther 1981.

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372 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E.+ . FC 284

896-900, 935f ., 1137-1139; Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999; EM 7 (1993) 763-769 (R. B. ond advice, he u'ins ::- =
Bottigheimer). ship. He continue- : '
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982f1.I, No. 128; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917t.I, No. 142; returns home and irr-..:. -
Estonian: Loorits 1959, No. 132, Viidalepp 1980, No. 93; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne
When he is ahc.: :
L977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytö1999ff.I; Lappish, Wepsian, Karelian: Kecskem6ti/
Paunonen 1,974; Swedtsh: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: of advice, to think':.:- :.
Grundtvig 1876ff.I, No. 9; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929, Nos. grown-up sons. Cf. i' ---.
574*,675; Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansenlg63; French: Delarue/Tenöze
1964ff.II; Spanistr, Basque: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.II; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol Combinations: 910B, 986.
2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f. I, No. 60, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi Remarks: Types 677 and 9E6 ..:. -.
1984a; German: Ranke 1,955If.III, Grimm KHM/Rölleke 1.986I, No. 54, Kooi/ Literature/Variants: Trautmar: - :
:innish: Rausmaa 1982{f. L \c, -:
Schuster 1994, No. 16; Austrian: Haiding 1969, Nos. 33, 171, 180; Ladinian:
Decurtins l896ff .lI, No. 54; Italian: Cirese/Serafinilg7s, De Simone 1994, No. 3; -atvian: Aräjs/Medne 7977;Lt:'':- - .
Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 66; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Hungarian: MNK -r'dian, Kareliary Syrjanianr Ke:-. -
II; Czech: Tllle 1929ff . ll L, 303ff .; Slovene: Bolhar 1974, 63ff .; Serbian: Eschker -krainian: SUS; Cheremis 1,1,::
1992, No. 15; Croatian: BoSkovi6-Stulli1959, No. 21; Macedonian: Eschker t972, :lermann/Schwind 1951, \o :
No. 39, Öepenkov/Penu§liski 1989 I, No. 54; Rumanian: Schullerus L928,Birlea .raqi, Egyptiary Algerian, Sr-rtl...:'.. -

19661I,381ff., III, 448;Bulgarian: BFR Koceva 2002; Albanian: Camaj/Schier-

Oberdorffer 1974, No. 14; Greek: Loukatos 1957, 125ff., Dlll.er 1982, No. 30, 677* Below the Sea. Abo', ::-.
Megas/Puchner 1.998; Polish: KrzyLanowski 1,962f . I; Russian, Byelorussiary finds himsel{.in a .,.r'-':
Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 69; Jewish: Jason1,965, chooses a bride for 1-.,.:-.
1975; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. IV, Nos. 247,262, MNK X 1, Nos. 675, 675*; Ossetian:
Bjazyrov 1958, No. 1,24; Cheremis/Mari: Sabitov 1989; Chuvash, Mordvinian: Literature/Variants:
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; Thai: Velder 1968, No. :innish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I, ltr -
37; French-Canadian: Delarue/TenEze 1,964ff .IIj Spanish-American: Robe 1973; iussian: SUS; Votyak: Kecske :-.
Puerto Rican: Hansen; Guatemalan, Argentine: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.II; r l; Mongolian: Lörincz 1979: T-.:-: '
Chilean: Pino Saavedra'1.967, Nos. 21, 38; West Indies: Flowers 1,953; Cape
Verdian: Parsons 1,923bI, No.36; Cameroon: Kosack 2001,74. b78 The KingTransfers Hts : .

fer his soul [E725] ir.:. -: .

675* See §pe 675. person). The kine :: '-
transfers his soul int. -:- =
676 See Type 954. She tricks the sen ar: ,r-.
returns to his ot'n t'; -:.
677 lron is More Precious than Gold. An unlucky man asks his king for
advice about what he should do. The princess advises him to marry Literature/Variants: Chauvrn I : : -
because the luck of his wife (children) could counteract his own bad =. aI. 7932, 72-82; Brunner Unsr- :- .

luck. The king allows him to marry the princess. \o. 441; EM: Seelentier (forth.r.:'
When she sends him out to sell her needlework, he trades it for -urkish: Eberhard/Boratar. 19,:: I .

(threefold) pieces of good advice. He does not dare to return home \o. 22; Turkish: Eberhard / Bor;. :..
without any money and finds work on a ship. When the ship is \longolian: Mostaert 1947, No. :
becalmed, he is sent down to the bottom of the sea to repair if and ioberts 1960, Jason 1989; Chir-re ..
there he settles a quarrel between two spirits: What is more precious
(more useful, harder): gold (diamond, silvel, copper) or iron (steel, 681 Relatiztity of Time (p:.-
copper)? He gives a (diplomatic) answer (following the first good in a Momenf). This r^:.
advice). He receives a bag of (precious) stones as a reward and re- mostly from China an.r
turns to the ship. who learns about the :.
Together with the merchants he reaches a strange country where In Ch inese va ria r' .
the king favors him because of his jewels. The merchants are jealous moment by having a t1:--.
and make a bet as to who is the richest of them. Following the sec- variants by putting hr.
variants, the vision takr-

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374 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2S] :FC284

Remarks: Chinese origiry see The Book of Lieh-Tzu. Ear|y European version, see (sausage) and, frighie:. :
Magnum Speculum Exemplorum (Alsheimer 1971, L25f. No. 35). away. Thumblir-rg is .', ..
Literature/Variants: Germania 2 (1857) 431,434; Chauvin 1.592ff. VIL 100ff. No. tines [F911.3.1]. He t:. . .
376,1021. No. 372 104 No. 378; Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. 11,210-212;Basset 1924ff. IIf,
sick and frightens r.. :. :-
552 No. 337; Penzer 1924ff. VIl, 244-249; Wesselski 1925, No. 65; Ting 1981;
Thumbling is rescue,:
'.
Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004, Nos. 412,435,443,456;EM11,2 (2004) SZ2-S3Z (5. '-
Naithani). to his father's hou.t
Icelandic: Gering L882f . I1, No. 81(3); Polish: Bukowska-Große /Koschmieder
1962 No. 69; Turkish: Eberhard/Bontav 1.953, No. 134; ]ewish: Noy 1963a, No. Combinations: This type i- Lrr.:.
64, lason 1965, No. 68L*A,lasonL975, No. 681*,4., lason1.976, No. 25; Abkhaz: :\'pes/ esp.21,0,327,3278,31. a -
Sakryl 1975, No. 35; Georgian: Levin 1978, No. 23; Lebanese: El-Shamy 2004; Remarks: Documented in E:-.- ,'
Iraqi, Omary Kuwaiti: El-Shamy 2004; Saudi Arabian: lahn1970, No. 24; Indian: :outhern and southeastern f:r- . .

..ecause of a curse or a r, irh * ,'

Jason 1989; Chinese: Ting1978; ]apanese: IkedaL97l; Egyptian: El-Shamy 1980,
No. 5, El-Shamy 2004; Tünisian, Moroccan, Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004. Literature/Variants: BP I, 361 r) - l
Ioisten 1956; Schwarzbaum lr:i -
(W. Pape); Scherf 19957,7.'-'--
682 Meditation on the Trinity. A man (philosopher, St. Augustine), -160
:t al. 1997, 184f.; Oriol 1997; R.-:: - -
meditating on the mystery of the Trinity, sees a child trying to empty Finnish: Rausmaa 1982fi.1, \c ,:
the sea into a little hole at the shore. The child states that he could E.tonian: Aarne 1918; Lir or: '
better bail out the sea with a thimble [H1113.1] than the man would Lappish, Wepsian, Wotiarr i -
be able to understand the secret of the Trinity. The child disappears. Sr'vedish: Liungman 1961; \or:. ..
\o. 56; lcetandic: Svein.-. :: -
Remarks: Documented in the 13th century by |acobus de Voragine, Sermones English: Baughman 1966, Brr:.- .

dominicales (3rd sermon). Other early European version, see Magnum Speculum Tenöze l964tf . II; Spanish: C...::-,, ::
Exemplorum (Alsheimer 197L, 117). Basque: Camarena/ Cher-alie:, : :
Literature/Variants: Bolte 1906;ZNk.21(1911) 338; Brechenmacher 1916; Wesselski Jriol/ Pulol 2003; Portuguer,
].936a, 66-70; Odenius 1.969; Tubach 1969, No. 4986; EM | (1977) 1012-t019 (H.- Dutch: Sinninghe 1943, Kooi l. :
W. Nörterheuser); EM 3 (1981)966. \Ieyer 1968; German: Rar.rke i;::
Portuguese: Cardigos (forthcoming), No. 4986 (Tubach); German: pröhle 1853, 1993, 253, 315, Kooi/ Schuster, -r-=
No.43, Moser-Rath 1964, No. 2\7;Hungarian: György 1934, No. 221, Dömötör 15; Austrian: Haiding 1953, \r .
1992, No. 327, Dömötör 2001,,292; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 4986; ]ewish: Bin Cirese/ Serafi ni 1975; Sard i r i- :

Gorion 1990,92; Indian: Thompson/Balys 1958, No. H1113.1; Chinese: Chavannes Hungarian: MNK II, Dömötor l
19 1.0f1. I, 36, lI, 3 1 0; E gyptian: Roeder 1927, 313. CaSparikovä 7997f .II, No. l. : :
1927, No. 62, KaradLiö 1937, E.::- , .
)'lo. 47; Macedonian: Miliopr1..;. .
OTHER TALES OF THE SUPERNATURAL 7OO_749 garian: BFR No. 700, cf. Nos. --
Albanian: Hahn 1864 II, No. .; .-,:
\edo 1956, No. 66; Polish: Krz., -. -
7O0 Thumbling (previously Tom Thumb). (Däurnlin& Petit Poucet, Svend 'an: SUS; Turkish: Eberharcl B -. '
Tomling, Pulgarcillo.) A childless couple wish for a child, however 774;Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. I, \r. l:
small he may be. They have a boy (by supernatural birth) the size of vash; l(€'6s1.meti/Paunonrr .- -.
a thumb [F535.1]. Thumbling takes food to his father on the farm Kecskemeti/Paunonen 19, -1: : -

and drives the wagon (plow) by sitting in the horse's (ox's) ear Hoogasian-Villa 1.966, No. 29; \ ;... -
)'lo. 44; Kazakh: Sidei'nikor- I:::
[F535.1.1.1]. He allows himself to be sold to strangers and then runs .

away from them. He lets himself be sold to thieves and accompanies myk, Buryat, Mongolian: Lc.r-: :
Kurdovanidze 2000; Palestini.::- .
them while they steal. Thumbling either helps them or he betrays
Rozenfel'd 1956,66f[., Lorimcr .
them by his shouting; he then robs the thieves. Cf. Type 1,S2SE.
Htin Aung 1954, 93ff ., 236ff .; 5r t :-,, :
He is swallowed by a cow [F911.3.1], talks from the cow's insides 1978; Korean: Choi1979, No. 11=
-.

and reappears [F913] (in the sausage prepared from the intestines of Vries 1925f. II, No. 187; Japane..
the slaughtered cow [F535.1.1.S]). Someone takes the intestines Barüske 1991, No. 121; French-C-:
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376 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC284 FFC 284

American, Panamanian: Robe 1973; Dominicary Puerto Ricary Chilean: Hansen 7999ft. I; Wepsiary Mordvin: Kec-ske;
1957; Argentine: Chertudi 1960f. II, Nos. 58,59; West Indies: Flowers 1953, No. 24, Djordjeviö / Milo§evii-Dior;
Delarue/Tendze1964ff.II; Cape Verdian: Parsons 1923bI, No.6; Egyptian: El- 1959, No. 24; Greek: Angeiopoul,
Shamy 2004; Tunisian: Nowak 1969, No. 448, EI-Shamy 2OO[;Algerian: Lacoste Ukrainian: SUS; Gypsy: Mode 1951
et al. 1,965, No. 29, , Savignac 1978, No. 15, El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Laoust Palestiniary Qatar: EI-Shamv 200J; I
1949, No. 111, Nowak 1969, No.448, El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004; Shamy 2004.
South African: Coetzee et a1.1.967; Malagasy: Klipple 1992.
704 Princess on the Pea. Äp'r
701 The Giant'sToy.The giant's daughter takes a farmer with his plow cannot find one. One er-e
and animals from a field, shows them to her fathel, and asks what pretending to be a true :
sort of worms these are. The giant-father orders her to put the farm- pea under 20 (more or fe
er back, because the farmer belongs to the race that will drive away Jhe next moming the
the giants [F531.5.3]. because of something ha
she is a real princess. Thn
Remarks: Early literary version see Georg Rollenhagen, Froschmeuseler (II,83ff.).
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1.907ff. I,243ff.; Basset 1924ff.I, 165 No.40; Remarks: Important versiory see -1.
Höttges 1 93 1; Ranke 1934a, 39 -51 ; Höttges 1937, 17 2-18 4; Schwarzbau m 19 68, Literature/Variants: Penzer 1921r:
163; EM 11,2 (2004) 682-685 (S. Neumann). Scherf 1995 II, 838-840, 942-911; Dt
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, 500, ]auhiainen 1998, No. N701; Livonian: Loorits 2001; EM 10 (2002) 1334-1336 (C.5:
1926, No. 225;Lithuaruan: Kerbelytö 1973, No.23, Kerbelytö 2001,536;Lappish: Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ft.I, No. S:
Qvigstad 1925, No. 73; Swedish: Liungman 1961, No. 701*, Kvideland/Sehms- Kerbelytö l999ff .l; Norwegian: H.-.1
dorl L999, No. 55.1; Norwegian: Christiansen 1958, No. 5015; English: Briggs 13; lrish: O Suilleabhäin/Chrisria
1,970f. Al,262ff .; Dutch: Sinninghe 1943;Frisiarr: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer Catalan: cf. Oriol/Pujol 2003; Lzbei
1968; German: Ranke 1966, No.20, Tomkowiak1993,254, GrimmDS/Uther 1993 1988a; Indian: Thompson/Balvs 19:
I, Nos. 5, 17 , Kooi I Schuster 1994, No. 41, Berger 2001, No. XI 86; Swiss: EM 7 34; Indonesian: Vries 1925f. tr, \o.
.
(1993) 872; Austrian: Haiding 1965, No. 6; Hungarian: MNK II, Dömötör 2001,
291; Slovene: Kelemina 1930, 239; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f . I; Ukrainian:
705 See Types 705A,7058.'1
]avorskij 1915, No. 2; Palestinian, Egyptian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004.

702A* See Types 460A.

7054 Born from Fruit (Fish t. .
eating a magic fruit (ri,sh
gives birth (from his kne
7028* See Type 407A.
and a bird rears her in a ;

703* The Arfficial Child.An aged, childless couple build (carve) them- A prince notices the
water and falls in ior-e rri
selves a child from snow. When the child goes into the forest (jumps
from the tree and she i_c
over a fire), it melts.
Or abeautiful girl made from snow organizes a competition. She [N711]. The prince's motl
and chases her awav [S{1
promises to marry any man who can overtake her on horseback,
The prince's mother d
while she runs. By her magic actions (obstacles), she manages to
leave all her suitors behind by magic actiöns (obstacles). The son of sexual intercourse. The
servants to bring a special
the emperor recognizes the magic, conjures the girl in the name of
a verse that reveals the t
God to stop, and takes her up on his horseback. When they reach the
himself looks for the frui:
top of a hill, the girl has disappearsed.
In some variants the girl is made from gold and stays dumb until
wife. His mother is pull.
she is addressed by her name.
Combinations 123, 300A, 303, and
Literature/Variants: Zapperi 198-l; E
Literature/Variants:
Shamy 1.988,161.f.; Röth 1998; E1-5h,
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tr.1,500; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Li+huaru;rr: Kerbelyte
Finnish: Rausmaa lg\Zff . I. No. 1.
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tlt6l)r4peile):uerqras 1p161
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378 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 .FC 284

Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Sr.t,edish: Liungman 1961, No. 705; Norr,r.egian: garden.

Hodne 1984; Danish: Grundtvig 7876f1.II, No. 9; Irish: Ö Sr_iilleabhäin/Chris- Aking finds her ir.. .:-.
tiansen 1963; Spanish: Meier 1940, No. 56; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f. l, No. 66,
Cardigos (forthcoming), No. 705*; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. T578; German: [N711] in spite of l-re: ::-
Ranke 1955ff. III; Italian: Ke1ler 1963,219ff., Cirese/Serafini 1975; Slovakian:
out along with her i:- -
Ga§parikor,,ä 7991f.I1, No.513; Croatian: Bo§koviö-Stulli7975b, No.27; Ruma- mother, sister-in-1ar., -r:
nian: cf. Kremnitz 1882, No. 10; Greek: Konomls 1962, No. 10, Angelopoulos/ K2110.11.
Brouskou 1994; Polish: Krz\,2anowski 7962f.I; Ukrainian: SUS; Jewish: Jason During her :t c. . ..
7975,1976, No. 28, lason 19BBa; Gvpsv: cf. Mode 1983ff. II, No. 128; Yakut: Ergis [E782.1], usuailr- re>: ::
1967, Nos. 786,192,196; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Svrian: E1-Shamy 2004, with supernatura I :- -
No. 7054§; Aramaic: Bergsträsser 1915, No. 2; Palestinian, Iraqi: El-Sham1, 2004, reunited wiih her. l.:...
No. 7054§; SaudiArabian Fadel1979, No.45, E1-Shamr,2004, No. 705As; Persian
Guif, Kuwaiti, Qatar, Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004, No. 705A§; Poh.nesian: Kirtlet, Combinations: t his type i* rrr. .

1971, Nos. R13.3, T578; South American Indian: Wilbert/Simoneau 1992, No. rypes, erp. 425. 5108, 70,. .,,
T57B; Chilean: Pino Saavedra7961.,II, No.93; West Indies: Florvers 1953; Egyp- Remarks: Documented in the .: . -

tian, Tunisian, Algerian, Moroccan, Sudanese, Somalian: El-Shamr, 2004, No. rnerone (111,2).
7054§. Literature/Variants: Chaur ir- : _

327E; Däumling 1,972; BP I, I S-t _ ,

7058 BomfromKnee. Ar.an gives birth [T578] from his knee [T541.i6] to No. 127; Tubach 1969, No. 303: '. :
several children. He puts them up in a tree and advises them not to 1976,239-254; Bärbulescu 19,: :, ,,
lower the rope. A giant (wolf, other being) induces a child to 1ower 9 t- -131; Scherf 7995 II, 7L)3 7 ---
"-
the rope. The giant climbs up the tree and devours the children. 7472-\177; EM 8 (1996) 137i-iji-
al.1997,242-245; Röth 1998; Scl-.::- -
When the father returns and realizes what has happened he
Finnish: Rausmaa 7982f1.L,\r, ::
fights with the giant and opens its belly (toe). Al1 the children come
Fslonian: Aarne l9l8; Lir onia:-
out and become the ancestors of the various ethnic groups. Cf. Type anian: Kerbelytö 1999ff. I; Lap: - -
123. 1974; Swedish: Liungman 1ltl- .
Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929, Kr :.
Combinations:723, 3278,327C, 327F, and 327G. 7970f . A I, 797 ff ., Bruford ,' \ I.., -
Ijterature/Variants: Zapperi 198,1; EM 4 (1984) 1217 l2l1 (H. M. E1-Shamy); -
E1- Christiansen 1963; English: B:. .:-
Shamy 1988, 161f.; Röth 199E. lqo4ff. ll; Spanish: Camarel.r r .
Polynesian: Kirtley 1971, No. T541.16; Egyptian: Littmann 1955,661t.; Sudanese: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: O.. .
Kronenberg/Kronenberg 1978, No. 35; Central African: Fuchs 1961, 124-727. Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemlsl.r: \ j.
KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 31; Srr r.. -
705A* The Banished Wife. A prince grours tired of his lr,ife because she 47; Ladir-rian: Uffer
7973, Nos. ll -

cannot talk any more. FIe brings a new bride who insults the wife. Massignon 1963, Nos. 59,75, t7 '- -
The first wife starts to speak again. The prince rejects his new bride Chircop 7978;Hungarian: M\N ,- -
and iives with his first n ife. Ga§parftovä 1991f .1, Nos. 24, 9t , -_
Sa§elj 1906f. II,271lf.; Croatian: E ..
Literature/Variants: 7966II, 445ff .,Ifi,454f.; Bulga: .. '
Spanish: Espinosa 1946f., No. 11; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. Ii, No.299, Cardigos Brouskou 1994; Polish: Krzy2an..r ..
(forthcoming), No. 705-4; French: Guerreau-Ja1 abert 1992, No. C400; Turkish: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard /Boratar, - : :
Eberhard/Boratar, 1953, No. 168; Jewish: Jason 1988a, Haboucha 1992. Noy 1963a, No.22, Jason 1975, \
MNK X 1; Cheremis/Mari: Kecs^--
706 The Maiden without Hands. (Including the previous Type 206A.) A Tatar, Mordvinian: Kecskemeti :.
Mongolian: Lörincz 1979; Svrian. 1..
girl has her hands cut off [Q451.1, S11.1] because she refuses to
1969, No. 199, Assaf /Assaf 197E, \
marry her father [5322J.2] (because her father has sold her to the
182, El-Shamy 2004; Saudi Arabi.r:- :
devil [S211], forbids her to pray, her sister-in,1ar,r, has slandered her Indian: Thompson/Roberts 196i '..
to her brother). She is exposed in the forest and eats fruit from .-r Lankan: Schleberger 1985, No. i!, ..

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380 Hans-Jörg Ut}rer FFC 2E1 aFC 284

797l,lnadalOzawa 1977tf.; French-Canadit.rr-r: Delarue/Tenöze 7964ff.II; US- Icelandic: cf. Kvideland / Eirils.; :- .
American: Baughmar-r 1 966; F rench-Arnerican: Del a rue / Ter-i öze 19 61lf . Ii, Ancelei 199Q No.41; Dutch, Flemish: \ oll...
1994, No. 21; Spanish-American, Mexican, Panamanian: Robe 1973; Cuban, Serafini 1975; Serbian: Bogdar-.i :
Dominican, Puerto Ricary Chilean: Hansen 1957; \\'est Inclies: Flor,r,ers 1953; Cape poulos/Brouskou 1994; Bve--- .: .
Verdian: Parsons 1923b1, No. 58; Egl.ptian: Brunner-Traut 1989, No. 12, El-Shamr Boratav 1953, Nos. 156 (5-E,, l=-
2004; Libvan, Moroccan: Nou.ak 1969, No. 182, Ei-Shamv 2004; East African. 1988a; Siberian: PuSkarer-a 1::.'
Arelr,a 1966, No. 3497, Klipple 1992; Sudanese: Klipple 1992; Namibian, South Shamy 2004.
African: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 1123.
706D St. Wilgefortis and H,. i
706A See Type 706. (Wilgefortis, Libert: ,-- -
in marriage to ar-iorl'.: ':
7068 The Chaste Naz (previowsly Prcsent to the Looer). This tale exists The daughter \\'ar'f -
chiefly in two different forms: In order to evade ti'.. : -
(1) A young woman of noble birth (nun) mutilates herself (by appearance (cf. Tvpc - -
cutting off her eyes, hands, breasts, hair) to prevent the persecutions Her angry fathe: :-,- -
of a lover. She sends her eyes which he had admired, to her lecher- her beloved. As she i.. .
ous lover (brother, noblemary bishop) 1T327.11. Her father's palace':-: -
(2) A man (priest) is tempted by the devi1. He mutilates himself In some versiors :-,
in order to keep his chastity (not to be tempted by the beauty of a dler) plays for the cr.r
[adopted] girl) [T333.3]. thanks him bv gir-r;.,: -
The shoe is disc,.". =:.
Remarks: Early version in the Chinese translation of the BuddhistTripitaka (6th condemned as a ti-,r=
century B.C.). allowed to plai'a!.r.: -
Literature/Variants: Wesselski 1909, No. 66; BP I, 303; Pauli/Bolte 1924 I, No. 11; begins to play, tl-re 1-. - ,
Rosenfeld 1953; Tubach 1969, No. 4744;IJther 1981,37f., 119;Marzolph1992Il,
other shoe for hin-r. :;' -..
No. 213; EM 10 (2002) 72-78 (M.l.LacataDucay).
Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1.995ff.II, Goldberg 1998, Nos. T327.1, T333.3;
Remarks: Documented in ti... li. :
Portuguese: Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff . II; German: Moser-Rath 196{ No. 201,
musician's miracle first app. ..: .'
Grubmüller 1996, No. 7;Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 4744;lewish: cf. Stephani 1998,
Literature/Variants: Kauima:.:-,
No. 33; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Eskimo, North American Indian:
211-244; Wesseiski 1,928a,61- .

Konitzky 1963, No. 57;Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004.

Wrede); HDM 2 (1934-40) 5;- a.
1968; Spranger 1980; William>-ü :., --
706C The Father Who Wanted to Marry His Daughter(previously Lecher- Erd7 (1993) 1174;EM 8 (199r -
ous Father as Queen's Persecutor). (The Patient Helena, Helena of Verfasserlexikon 10 (2000) 1fi,
Constantinople, Mai and Beaflor.) Father (priest) wants to marry his Irish: Szöv6rliy 7957,137ff.; F -.
daughter. She escapes, marries a prince, and gives birth to children. (forthcoming), No. "784; Gerrr.:: ,
Her father kills the children (child) and puts a knife under her KHM/Rölleke 1986 II, No. {.c ,.-
pillow as false evidence of murder. berger 1978, 779f., Mül1er \\...-. .
Her husband, believing that she has killed her children, con- Kretzenbacher 1953, Fielhautr ' .
demns her. Her children are resuscitated by a miracle, and she is
reconciled with her husband. Cf. Types 706,712. 707 The Three Golden Cit:. '
Three girls boast th.::
Combinations: 510B. triplets with golde:', .'.,
Remarks: Popular chapbook material. Variants are often calledThe Patient Helena, [H71.71, and a siar ,''
as in the medieval poem. youngesl and m;rr;. -
Literature/Variants: Ruths 1897; Krappe 1937;Brattö 1959; Verfasserlexikon 5 When she gir-es 1.,:.
(1985) 1163-11,66 (W. Fechter); EM 6 (1990) 767-772 (M. Heintze); EM 9 (1999) 53-
ters substitute aninr: .
55 (K. Düwel).
[K2110.1, 5410], her c.-.
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j82 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC 284

cued by a miller [R131.2] (fisherman [R131.4]). Kuwaiti, Qatar, Yemenite: E1-S:-.. -

When they have grown up, the eldest son sets out to find his Thompson / Roberts 1960; Ii-rcr r.: ..
father [H138i.2.2.t1, io seek a speaking bird [H1331.1.1], a singing burn 2001, Nos. 34, 99; Nepale.. -
tree [H1333.1.1], or the water of life [H1320, H1927.1, H1327.4, Japanese: Ikeda L971; Frencl- -i..:-
H1321.5]. He and his brother both fail and are kansformed to marble American, Merican, Panama.-... .

Hansen 1,957 ; Brazrlian: Alci:- :..

columns [D237.21. The sistel, with the help of an old woman [N825.
Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: l::-
3], succeeds in rescuing them [R158] and in bringing back the magic
1969, Nos.773,774, El-Shamr -:
objects. The attention of the king is drawn to the children and the Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Ko--.--
magic objects [H151.1]. The bird of truth reveals the whole story
18731.2, K1911.3.1]. The children and their mother are restored; the Tanzanian: El-Shamy 200-l: \. - .

sisters are punished [Q261,5451]. \Ialagasy: Haring 1982, Nos. : _ ::

Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other 7074 See Type 894.
types, esp. 45L,706,709, and also 303, 313,400,425,510A, S50,551, and 981.
Remarks: Documented in 1550 by Straparola, Piacetsoli notti (Iy,3) and in an Arab 708 TheWonder Child.T';._. ,
version in the 1001 Nights.
a princess gives birtr- .. .
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff.V, 11,ff. No. 8, VII, 95ff. No. 375; Cosquin
1908; Hertel 1909; Huet 19L0f .;BPIl,380-394; Anderson1,927 I, No. 9, II, No. S0; [5441]. The mon.r.:- - -
Amshof 1929; Wesselski 1938f., 1"67-169; Horälek 1968; Rapallo I975ff .; Scherf [D1777.1] and force. .: :
1995 I, 27-29, 204-209, 228f., 470476, II, 811-816, 1137-1139; Schmidt 1999; prince to cut ofi it- :-.
MarzolphlYan Leeuwen 2004, Nos. 356,382; EM: Söhne: Die drei goldenen S. D741.1,L172.71. Ci - .:.
(forthcoming).
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, No. 134; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 19IZf.I,No. 85; Remarks: Most variants arr r: -.
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytölg99ff. Literature/Variants: BP II, 23tr,' _--
I; Livonian, Lappistr, Wepsian, Karelian, Syrjanian: Kecskem6ti/paunonen1,974; 172,11,1196-1198; Röth 199S; Et.f
Swedish: Liungman 1961; Danish: Kristensen 1881ff. I, No.23, Holbek 1990, No. Finnish: Rausmaa 7982ff .1, \t- - : =
22;Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Latvian: Aräjs /Medne 1977 ; L.::-....
Delarue/Tendze1964lf.II; spanish: Camarena/Chevalier t99sff.rr, Gonzilrez 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 19Sl 1., -

Sanz1996; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f. II, No.235, Bodker 1963ff., No. 85; Faeroese: ...
Cardigos (forthcoming); Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: Ranke 1955ff. III, Iqo3; English: cf. Brigg: to ,
Tomkowiak 1993,254, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996II, No. 96, Bechstein/Uther 1997 Cerman: Ranke 1955ff. III; Sar.]:- . .
I, Nos.54, 65;Austrian: Haiding 1953, No. 23;Ladiruan:IJfler1973, No. 7; Italian: 1,173f1., Jech 1984, No. 46; Serb::.:- :
Cirese/Serafini1.975, Pitrö/Schendaetal. 1991., No.2, De Simone 1994,No.34; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f. I: f -r-.
Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 52; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Maltese: Mifsud- \INK X 1; French-Canadian: D;..::
Chircop 1978;Htngarian: MNK If Nos. 707, 707*; Czech:Tille1929ff.I,4g9ff.,lI
'1,192ff.; Slovakian:
GaSparikovä 1991f.I, Nos.25, 119,l2l,2S4,266,II, Nos.371, 709 Snozo White. Snorr \\ - -
47'1.,524,565; Slovene: TomaZiö 1943,189f .; Croatian: Boskoviö-Stulli196g, No. 49; blood[265.1]. A magr: ::-
Rumanian; Birlea1966I,591ff.,Il,454,III,41,Sf,455f.; Bulgarian: BFp, Nos. 707, is more beautiful tha: .
*7 *7
07 C, 07D, Koceva 2002, Nos. 7 07, *7 07 C, *7 07D ; Albänian: Camaj / Schier- jealous stepmother Lrr.r: -
Oberdorffer 1974, No. 2; Greek: Angelopoulos /Brouskou 1994, Megas f puchner
he substitutes an ani::.
1998; Polish: Simonides/Simonides 1994, No. 59; Sorbian: Nedo i9SO, No. 6Z
Russian: SUS, Nos.707,707*; Byelorussian: SUS; Ukrainian: SUS, Nos.707,707*; Snow White goes :- ..
Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 239; |ewish: ]ason 1988a, Haboucha1992, adopt Snow White as :: =
**7078; attempts to kill her br :.- .
I"r-. Z9Z Gypsy: Briggs 1970f. A1,383ff., MNK X 1; Ossetian Bjazyrov
1960, No. 18; Cheremis/Mari: Sabitov 1989; Chuvastu Tatat, Mordvinian, Voiill/ poisoned comb [Dli.-
Mansi: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 1.97 4; Armenian: Gullakja n L990; yakut: Elgis 5111.4]. The dwarfs sr:i:=
1967, Nos. L9L,214,220-224; Uzbek: Keller/Rachimov 2001, No. 7; Buryät, two poisonings but far, .,

Mongolian: Lörincz t979; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Syrian, palestinian: 1F852.11.

Nowak 1969, Nos. 173, 174, El-Shamy 2004; ].aqi, jordanian, persian Gulf,

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Aprince resuscitates her and marries her 1E21..1., E21.3]. The step- glass case. When a princt
mother is made to dance herself to death in red hot shoes [Q414.4]. resusci tated and marrie=

Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other Literature/Variants:
types, esp. 45L,706, and also 403, 408, 450, 480,707, and 883A. Bulgarian: BFP; |ewish: Jason 196i"
Literature/Variants: Böklen 1.91.0f.;BP I, 450464;Lnthi1969a,56-69,117-L30; Boratav 1953, No. 166; Qatar: E1-5h
Bausinger 1980; ]ones 1983; ]ones 1990; Ruf 1995; Scherf 1,9951,197-201,I1,819- Blackburn 2001, No. 1Z Sri Lankan:
821, 9 82-9 86, 1127 -1133, L 427 -L 433 ; Uther 1 995a; Dekker et aL. 1997, 334-339 ; 1978, No. 6.
Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999; Anderson 2000, A3-S7;Papachristophorou 2002,57-79;
EM: Schneewittchen (forthcoming). 710 Our Laily's Child. Atathe
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982f1.I, No. 136; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman I917f.I, No. 8Z supei"natural figure [Sli
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977;Lithu-
saint) or
a black woman
anian: Kerbelytö 1999ff .I; Lappish, Wotian, Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen
,

1,97 4; Swedish: Liungman 196L; Norwegian: Kvideland / Eiriksson 1988, No. 28;
the child into hear-en rc
Danish: Kristensen 1881ff. III, No. 51; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929; l.:ish: O [V271]. The girl look-c inrr
Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tendze L964ff .II; Spanish: God (Chrisf Virgin \{an
Camarena/Chevalier t995ff. ll, GonzLlez Sanz 1996; Basque: Camarena/ [C91f ]. Or, she sees ench
Chevalier 1995lf.ll; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f. I, No. girl obstinately denies r,
145, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Sinninghe 1943; Flemish: Meyer 1968; Q451.3, C9 44) and banl.h
German: Ranke 1955ff. III, Bechstein/Uther 1997 I, No.51, Tomkowiak 1993, [N711.1] and gives birth r
254f., Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 53; Ladinian: Decurtins 7896ff.I1, No. 85, The Virgin Man- (fo:
X, No.9; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1,975, Appari 1992, No.56, De Simone 1994, No.
takes away her childreri
40; Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 75;Hrngarian: MNK II; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä
fanticide [K2116.1.1].
199Lf.1, No.24, II, No.369; Slovene: Nedeljko 1889,62ff.; Croatian: BoSkoviö-
Stulli 1959, No. 22; Bulgarian: BFP, Nos. 709,*7091,*709r,Koceva2002,Nos.709,
When she is to be burr
*709r,*709r;Greek Angelopoulos/Brouskou1994; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; acknowledges her guilt il
Russiary Byelorussian, IJkrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 50 she delivers the black p o.
lV, 152 lY, 1 67 ; Jewish: I ason 19 65, 197 5, Hab otcha 1992; Gypsy : Briggs 197 0f . A her dumbness and her ir
I, 494, MNK X 1; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974, Sabitov L989;
Tatar, Mordvinian: Kecskemdti / Pauno nen L97 4; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; Combinations: 894.
Yakut: Ergis 1,967, No. 161; Buryaf Mongolian: Lörincz 1979; Georgian Remarks: Spread throughout Europ
Kurdovanidze 2000; Syrian: Nowak 1969, No. 187; Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004; see Basile, Pentamerone (1,8).
Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 187. El-Shamy 2004;Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: ]ason Literature/Variants: BP II, 13-21; i
1989; Chinese Ting1978; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 19641t. II; French- 1968,224f.; Tubach 1969, Nos. 169t. j
American: Lacourciöre 1,976;Sparush-American, Mexican: Robe1973; Dominican, 1982, 99-103 ; Bottigheimer 1987; Bo:
Puerto Rican: Hansen1957; Boliviary Argentine: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff .II; 1247-1253 (L. Röhrich); Scherf 1995 I
Brazllian:Alcoforado/A7bän2001, No.43; Chilean: Pino Saavedra1967, No.28; 933, 1444f .; Schmidt 1999 ; EM 9 l\W
West Indies: Flowers 1953; Egyptiary Tunisian, Algeriarg Moroccan: El-Shamy 327.
2004; Llbyan: Nowak 1969, No. 139, El-Shamy 2004; Guineary East Africary Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff.l, No. 1ii:
Congolese: Klipple 1992. Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräis
I; Lappish, Wepsian: Kecskemdti par
709A The Sister of NineBrothers (previously The Stork'sDaughter). Agirl wegian: Hodne 1984; Faeroese: \r-m
1 963; French: Delarue / Tenä ze 1961ä
goes into the forest to search for her nine brothers and stays with
Gonzälez Saru 199 6; Portuguese: Cal
them (an abandoned child is reared in the forest by two storks
1968; German: Ranke 1955ff. IIt TorrL
[5352]). After they leave their sister in a tree, her fire goes out. I, No. 3; Swiss: EM 7 (1993) 871; Aus
Searching for fire, she is finally given some by an ogress. 1973, No. 11; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 19
Later the ogress follows the ashes that the girl has dropped 1,55ff ., Klimovä 1966, No. 16; Slor-at
[177461and tries to kill her. The girl steps on poisoned nails (tooth, tr, Nos. 449, 479, 550, 565, 566; Slovene
bone) left by the ogress and dies. Her brothers (storks) put her in a 1928; Greek Angelopoulos / Brouskc
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386 Htrns-Jörg Uther FFC 28.I FFC 284

Krzy2anowski7962f.I; Russ:ian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard / 3278;Köh1er lBolte 1898ff. l, 3rL ::_
Boratav 1953, No. 154 V; Gypsv: MNK X 1; Syrian: EI-Shamy 2004; Palestinian: Schwarzbaum 7968, 34,445; Ba.:. - .
Hanauer 1907,221ff., E1-Shamv 2004; Persian Culf, Kur.vaiti: El-Shamy 2004; 246ff.; Hatami1977,No.52; E\t :
French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze L964i1. Il; US-American: Baughman L966; 1009 (K. Vanja); cf. EM 6 (199r-' -: --
French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 7964ff .11; Chilean: Pino Saavedra 1967, No. 53-55 (K. Driwel); Davis 2rt--l ,
29; West Indies: Flowers 1953; Algerian, Moroccan: El-Shamv 2004. Leeuwen 2004, Nos. 163, 306 a _
Swedish: Liungman 1961; Ir-s:.
711. The Beautiful and the Ugly Tzoinsisters. Achildless queen is advised Camarena/Chevalier 799aii. _-,
by a witch how to have a child, but she breaks a condition connected \os. 243, 200, Cardigos ( tor.-l:.
with the advice [T548.2, C152]. DS/Uther lqql Il, No. 51.
She has tlr.o gir1s, a beautiful one and a deformed one (with Serafini; Czech: cf. Dvoiäk 1!,-i ' .

",erv
an animal's head) [T551.3]. The uglv sister always assists the hand- No.239, II, Nos. 415, 179, tn: .--.
Krzyzanowski 1962f.1, No. ill r.
some one [L145.1] and finally marries a prince. On the r.vedding da1,
la*on 1q75: Syrian, Ir.rqi. Q ,.. :

she is transformed and becomes as pretty as her sister [D732, Di860].

Canadian : Delarue / Tenöze 1 !.:--
Cf. Types 4338, 480, and 708. 1994, No. 21; Brazllian: Alcrrr,-. :.: .-

1953; Egyptian, Moroccan: Ei-::-: .

Combinations: 306, 720.

Literature/Variants: Sehmsdorf 1989; Scherf 1995 1,667-670,1I,7409-7477,1451
14s4.
713 The Mother Who Did \ _.

Latvian: Smits 1962ff. XII, No. 19; Srvedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne previous Type 71, - . __ -

1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929, Kvideland/Eiriksson 1988, No. 18; Scottish: her sister's iilegitin-.;:. -:-
Baughman 1966; Irish: Ö Süi1leabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: Briggs 1970f. pelled [5410]. lVher= .-:
All,341ff .; Spanish: Meier 1940, No. ,19; Portuguese: Martinez 1955, No. D732; dance comes [D16]: - =

Flemish: Lox 7999a, No. 26; Turkish: Eberhard-Boratar, 1953, No. 85; English- have left [D2157.1]. L.:..
Canadian: Baughman T966,HalperllWiddorvson 1996 I, No. 17; French-Canadiar-r: ior[HJ5t.ll,cf.H+.
Delarue/Tenöze 7964ff. lI, Lemieux 7974{f. XI, No. 13; Spanish-Americarr:
Baughman 1966. Combination s: 706, 7 08.
Literature/Variants: Delarue - -. -

712 Crescentia. When her husband the emperor is arvay, Crescentia is i7979) 792-794 (M.-L. Ter-röze
accused of adultery [K2110.1, K2112] bv her lecherous brother-in- Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f. L \.
_
Iaw (she locks him in a torver to escape his advances). She is rescued Oriol/Pujol 2003, No. 717*; F:::.--
from death (drowning) bv a fisherman and nurses the child of a -\rnaudin 1966, No. 64; Italiar-,: :. -
;17*.
duke. When she rejects a seducet her foster-chi1d is ki11ed in re-
venge. She is accused of murder [K2110.1, K2135.1, K2116.1.1.1] and
banished again. Once again she is rescued (by St. Peter) from ;15 Demi-cock. Dem i-c, ,.-.
drorvning. claim back a borrorr. -: .,
Crescentia develops miraculous healing powers and reaches a animals (fox, wolf) an.: .
high position. Her husband and the various rnen r,r,hose lor.e she has them (carries them r-r,.j.:
rejected come to her for healir-rg. She is recognized b,v her husband When claiming tl:. ..

(the emperor) [H151.8, S451], and thev go to live in a monasterr. pri:oned with alrinr- -
(convent). Cf. lvpes 706C, 883A, and 887. attacking animals, arr:
river extinguishes it [D _ .. : -
Combinations: EE1, 883,4. [K481] by swallon ins
Remarks: Taie vr,ith legendar,v traits. The origin of the tale seems to be oriental. At home he is beate:- :-
First occidental version rvith the titie Cr.csceirlln is found in the Kniserchronik (he is eaten by his ou-rre:. . .

(1135/50). Similar variants foilor,r,ed: Cohnarer CrescetttitL, end of 12th centun' Tvpe 7154.
(miracle-version) and Crescentin, end of 13th century.
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff. VI, 154f. No.321, 159f. No.323, 166ff. No. Combinations: 130, 235C", 565, .r:.,.: -
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388 Hans-Jirrg Uther FFC 28+ FFC 284

Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff. VIII, 164 No. 176; BP I,25Bi.; Boggs 1933; Et'\I Literature/Variants:
6 (1990) 396-401 (U. Marzolph); Scherf 1995 I, 5541.; Röth 1998; Andersor-r 2000, Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Ltt:' . .
107 109. 716**; Byelorussian: SUS; Chere:r-. -
Finnish: Rausmaa 79\2lf .1, No. 138; Finnish-Sr,r'edish: Hackman 1917f . I, Nos.
122a, 121(1,5). 147; Estonian: Aarne 191E; Livonian: Loorits 1926; Latvian: Aräjs,' 717* See Type 713.
Medne 7977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff. I; lVepslan, Karelian, Svrjanian:
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Su,edisl-r: Liun5;man 1961; French: Delarue/Tenöze
1961ff .Il; Spar-rish: Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff. lI, Conzälez Sanz 7996; Basque:
720 The funiper Tree (pr.'. _

Me). A childle.' c. . :
Camarena/Chevalier 1995fi.II; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Olfi,eira
1900f. I, No. 17, Cardigos (forthcoming); Flemish: Meyer 1968; Walloon: Legros mother dies. fhe I ' .
1962; German: Ranke 1955ff. III; Italian: Cirese/Seraiini7975; Hungarian: MNK lid of ar.r ...-::-
closes the ",

II; Serbian: Eschker 1992, No. 51; Croatian: Bo§kovi6-Stu11i 1959, No. 23; Ruma- serves him to hr> i.l::' :
niarr: Birlea 1966 I, 151ff., IIl, 377f.; Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Albanian: The bov's stepsl>:.: :
Lambertz 1922; Greek: Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1994; Polish: Krz\.zanowski juniper tree [E60L :,
19 621. I; Russian, Bvelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberharcl / Boratar, 1953, ::. -.-
happened. It brir-rs:
Nos. 33, 54, Alptekin 1994, Nos. 40, 12; Jer,r,ish: Haboucha 1992; Georgian: millstone to the ste:::- '
Kurdovanidze 2000; Palestinian: E1-Shamr,' 2004; Irarnian: Marzolph 198.1; Indian: citated [E30, Eolr :
Bodker 1957a, Nos. 1177,8241.2.5, J;rson 1989; Nepalese: Heunemann 1980, No.
20; French-Canadian: Delarue/Terröze 7961if .II; Mexican: Robe 1973; Puerto Combinations: 780.
Rican, Chilean, Argentine: Hansen 1957; \{est Indies: Flor,vers 1953; Tunisian, Remarks: Documented in tl-.r .-.:
Moroccan: El-Shamv 2004; Sudanese: Klipple 1992; Malagasv: Longchamps 1955, (classical origin).
No.3. Literature/Variants: BP I, l1l.-_: :
127 (K. Ranke); Nagy 1979; Be.::: _-.
715A The Wonderful Rooster. An o1d couple (old man, old rvornan) har.e Ilo; Belmont l99l; §61.11 1o- =
a rooster and a hen. The rooster lays no eggs and is driven ar,r,ay. He aI. 1997; Röth 1998; Schmictt t - - - :
mocks the king and is sentenced to be dror,vned, but instead drinks Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff .I, \; :. :

all the r,r,ater. He is supposed to be roasted but extinguishes the fire E-tonian: Aarne 1918; Lir ont. '
r,vith the water he has drunk. He is locked in the treasurv and anian: Kerbelytel999ff .I; S.,...-- -
swallows all the money Back home he defecates the mone1, [8103.1] Danish: Kristensen l88 lii. ll \
onto a sheet (for the old man). (The old r.r.oman sends her hen to do
the same, but the animal onlv produces dung instead of rnone1,.)
Stiilleabhäin/ Christianserr I :r- : :
141f ., 472f ., 473, 176f .; Frer.rcl-: I.
Chevalier 1995ff . II, Gonzäl ez :., :-
Combinations 21.9E*, 565, and 715.
Catalan: Oriol/Pujo1 2003; P.,-.. _ ,
Literature/Variants: BP I, 258 f .; Boggs 1933; EM 6 (1990) 396-101(U. Marzolph);
1943, Kooi 2003, No. 21; Fri.-,.' :
Scherf 1995 1,554f.; Röth 1998.
Ranke 1955ff. III, Müller,.Rii:-,r. - ' .
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff .I; Hungarian: MNK II, Nos. 71.5, 715A,715(A).,
7158*, Dömötör 2001, 292; Croatian: Bo§koviö-Stulli 1975b, No. 59; Serbian:
f7, Bechstein/Uther 1997 L \ --
Austrian: Vernaleken 1858, 3l: ::
Djordjeviö/Milo§eviö-Djordjer.iö 1988, No.9, Eschker 7992, No.52; Bulgarian:
II, No. 36; Itaiian: Cirese,/ Sera:_ -
BFR Koceva 2002; Russian: SUS, Nos. 775,775A,715A*; Bvelorussian, Ukrainian:
SUS; Cheremis/Mari: Sabitor lq8q; yakut: Ergi, 1067, Nio, l_lb, 147; Ceorgian:
I, 105f.; Slovakian: Ga§parikr ..
Kurdovanidze 2000; Tunisian, Algerian: El-Shamv 2004.
\edeljko I88q, 5l [.; Rumani.r'
2002; Creek: Angelopoulos,' Br.. -:..
Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS: , -
716* The Unbearable Satiety (prer.iouslv The Value of a Stomach). A man
Jason 1988a, Haboucha 1992; e' : -
complains that he is a mere slave of his stomach. God takes away his Kec'kemeli/ Paunonen Ia, l;
intestines and the man feels sated r,r,.ithout eating. After a while the 1974; Armenian: Gullakjan 19: _
life becomes boring to the man and he asks God to give him back his Jordanian, Iraqi: El-Shamt. 2Llr-'= ,
hunger. He recovers his stomach [J2072.1]. Persian Cu1f, Kur,r,,aiti, Qatar: ci : .:
1984; Indian: Bodker 1957a, No. ll:
1979; lapanese: Inada/Ozau-a --

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390 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

French-Canadian: Delarue lTendze 1,964ff.II; US-AmericarL African American:

[relatives]), is referre.-. ..
Baughman 1966; Spanish-American: Robe 1973; Dominican: Hansen 1957;Bollian:,
one [F57\.2].
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.II; West Indies: Flowers 19l3;Egypttan Algerian: El-
Or, three verv o1.: :--.
Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Zoulim1,992, 116f1., El-Shamy 20Ö4; Namibiän, South
African: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 1128. man, who lookrih.
pends on the beh.rr :

725 Prophecy of Future Sooereignty (previously The Dream). A clever In other variants .,:- ,
boy refuses to tell his dream (about his future sovereignty) [M312. oid man, his father .::.-: -
I rishman obtain: ;. -,.'
0.7,D1812.3.31 to his father and to the king. He is punished and
endures various adventures (imprisonment) [La25]. things. When he ۊi: i-:
Aprincess nourishes him in prison. War is to be declared on the
emperor if he is not able to solve two riddles and a task.
Remarks: Documented in tht -:.
The clever boy solves the riddles and the task, tells the answers
Literature/Variants: Bolte 1:.--- _
11977) 383*387 (H. Lixfeld ); S.:-.
to the princess, and is freed from prison. So the boy averts war, Swedish: Liungman 1961; \r:. . :
marries the princess [H551], and finally receives two kingdoms. 212f., 346f., 8 11, 102f .;Irish: ö S..r . ..
Iq66, No.3o; English: Brigg- -
Combinations: This spe is usually combined with episodes of one or more other \o. 285; Spanish: RE 5 (196r t.. -
types, esp. 3L4, 5134, sometimes of 32'1,, 517, 5I8, 592, and 671. Oriol/Pujo1 2003; Dutch: Over:-.-. ..
Literature/variants: Köhler / Bolte lg9 Bff . l, 430t.; Bp l, 324f .; wesselski 1 925, No. 1955ff. III, Tomkowiak 1993. ::l
35; Vries 1928; Krohn 193La,95; Tubach 1969, No. 292 (D1812.2.3.); Scherf 1995 L Schuster 1994, No. 236; Srtis. :
224-226,11,1217-1220; Röth 1998; EM 10 (2002) 1413-1419 (A. Schmitt). Hungarian: MNK II; Slovakra:- .
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.1, No. 140; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I, No. 149; Vazon lq3o, No. 59; Ukrainr., .
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö L9991f.I; Danish: Kristensen 3, Bin Gorion 1990, Nos. 27, -{r r- . -.'
1881ff. III, No. 35; Wotiary Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1,974; hish: 6 1978, No. 11; Aramaic: Arnolei -..--
Sriilleabhäin/Christiansenlg63; French: Delarue/Tendze l964ff.II; Spanish: -\merican: Baughman 1956; ::.--
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.II; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f. I, No.96, II, N-os.301, -\merican: Dorson 1956. 1E1. F-.-;
335, Cardigos (forthcoming); Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. Dl9l2.g.g, cf. Oriol/
Pujol 2003; German: Ranke 1955ff. IIf Bechstein/Uther 1997 I, No. 43; Ladinian: 726* SeeType726.
Danuser Richardson 1976, No. D1812.3.3; Corsican: Massignon 1963, No.46;
Hungarian: MNK II, Nos. 725, 725 A*, Dörrrötör 1992, No. 109, Dömötör 2001, 287 ;
Czech: Tille1929ff.Il2,364;Slovakian: Polivka 19291.11,173ff.; Slovene: Gabrsöek
726** See Type 836F-.
1910,266ff.; Serbian: Eschker 1992, No. 38; Croatian: Boskovi6-Stulli1963, No. 50;
Macedonian: Popvasileva 1983, No. 32; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928; Bulgarian: 729 The Merman's Golde r ).-, .

BF| Nos. 725, 725A", Koceva 2002, Nos. 725, *725A; Greek: Angelopoulos/ A woodcutter drop5 1-.- .'

Brouskou 1994; Russian: SUS, Nos. 725,725A*; Byelorussiary Ukrainiän; SUS; (merman) exhibits ;. : ,-

Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 197, 214IV,257 lY;|ewish: lason1,965, both because ther -i
1975,Haboucha1992, No. **7254; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Cheremis/Mari: Sabitov own. The two otlr.: ...
1989, No. 725A*; Chuvash: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Armenian: Gullakjan A greedy imitato:
1990, Nos. 725,725A*;Yakut: Ergis 1962 No.231; Georgian: Kurdovanidze2000;
and the silver are, rlr,=. --
Iranian: Marzolph 1984;Syrian, Palestinian, Iraqi, Saudi Arabian: El-Shamy 2004;
A,ramaic: Bergsträsser 1915, No. 15; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Korean: Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perrr , -- .
Choi1979, No. 123; ]apanese: Ikeda 1971,InadalOzäwal977ff.;polynesian, New Literature/Variants: Kirchhor L -
Zealand: Kirtley 1971, No. D1812.3.3;French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 1964tr. Pedersen/Holbek 1961f. II, No. ,--
II; Mexican: Robe 1973; South American Indian: Wilbert/Simoneau 1992, No. baum1979, xlv; cf. Grayson 2lrr : -
D1812.3.3; West Indies: Flowers 1953;Egyptian, Algeriary Moroccan: El-Shamy
Finnish: Rausmaa 19\2fl. I, ) _
2004.
Basanaviöius /Aleksynas 1993i. I l.:
1895, No.32; French: Seignolle 191"
726
,

TheThree OldMen (previously The Oldest ontheFarm). (Including II; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No Q:
the previous Type726*.) Awayfarer meets an old man (four or more 1882 No. 3, Tomkowiak 7993, 2:,6: t-_..

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392 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

1965, No. l7,Jedr 1984, No. 48; Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002; Greek Angelopoulos / Syrjanian: R6dei 1978, No. 5; En;
Brouskou 1994; Russian: SUS; ]ewish: Haboucha 1992; Cheremis/Mari: Sabitov German: Behrend 1912, No. 15; Atr<
1989; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; No. 332F*; Slovakian: GaSparikovä
Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Indian: ]ason 1989; Nepalese: Sirovätka 1980, No. 21; Serbian: Öaj
Sakya/Griffith 1980, 105ff.; Chinese: Eberhard 1932 No. 20, Korean: Choi1979, Djordjeviö 1988, No. 92; Macedoni;
No. 475; Japanese: Ikeda 1971,,InadalOzawa1977fi.;Brazllian: Alcoforado/AIbän 1944, No. 26, Birlea L9 66 Il, 466ti., m
2001, No.45; El-Shamy 2004. Krzy 2anow ski L9 62f . I, Nos. 331-\" :
No. 19, Simonides/Simonides 1W.
735 The Rich Man's and the Poor Man's Fortune. One of two brothers 735A**; Byelorussian: SUS, Nos. I
(farmers) becomes ric[ because his fortune works for him, whereas 735A****; ]ewish: Jason 1965; Gvp:
the other becomes poor. The (personified) fortune of the rich one Mari: Sabitov 1989; Chuvash: Kecsk
tells the poor brother that his fortune is lazy (asleep). The poor No. 332F*, Inada f Ozawa 7977ä., \
brother beats it (wakes it up) and learns that he should change his
profession. He becomes a successful merchant [N181]. Cf. Types 736 Luck and Wealth. Aricl
4608, 7354, 736, 947 , and 947 A.
wealth come from hard
their theories, the rich m
Combinations: 564, 735A, 947 A, and 954. first time the monev L<:
Literature/Variants: Schwar2baum1968,90,261,264,272;EM5 (1987) 1305-1312 spends it.
(E. Blum); Anderson 2000,80-82. The poor man gives tL
Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff.l, Nos. 99, 141; Estonian: Aarne 1918, Loorits 1959, No. man uses as weight for hi
138; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1,999ff. I; Lappish: catches and in its bodr- l
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen1974, Bartens 2003, No.46; Karelian, Syrjanian: Kecskem6ti/ fortune is more porr".trl
Paunonen 1974;Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansenlg63;Itälian: Cirese/Serafini lost money which !\'as gI
'I.975, De Simone 1994,
No. 90; Serbian: KaradLiö 1932 No. 13, Djortljeviö/ in a nest or in a jug. Cf. T
Milo5evi6-Djordjeviö 1988, No.93, Eschker 1992, No. 17;Croatian:Bo§kovii-Stulli
1963, No. 54, Bo5koviö-Stulli1975b, No. 24; Macedonian: Öepenkov/PenuSliski
Literature/Variants: Chauvrr-t, : :,-
1989II, Nos. 183, 185,1.86,196,221, Piliökova 1992, No. 14; Rumanian:Birlea1966,
II, 463ff ., 46 6ff ., Iil, 457 f ; B:ulgarian : BFP, Kocev a 20 02; Albanian : L arnb er tz 1922,
)63,270; EM 5 (1987) 1305-ll1- :
.
_r52.
No. 28; Greek Angelopoulos/Brouskou 1994; Russiary Byelorussiary Ukrainian:
SUS; ]ewish: cf. Larrea Palacin 1952f.1, Nos. 46, 73,102; Cheremis/Mari: Sabitov
Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. 7it- -
ese:Nyman 1984; Irish: Ö S,i,i1... '
--
1989; Votyak: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1,974;Yakut: Ergis L967, No. 314; Cam-
i914, 122ff ., Cardigos (forthci:-
bodian: Gaudes 1982 No. 31; French-Canadian: Delarue/TenEze 1,964ff.I1.
r.rlian: Lirese/Seratini lol: ::.
ilovakian: Ga§parikor,ä 19:r-:
735A Bad Luck Imprisoned. (Including the previous Type 332F..) A poor )lordjeviö 1988, No. 97; Mace;- - .
brother leaves home to find better luck in another place, but his \os. 736, *736, *736r; Polisl.r: -..
personified bad luck (poverty) [N112] wants to go with him. On a - krainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberi,..: --
pretext the man locks up the bad luck in a bottle (bag, chest) [N112.1] Gorion 1990, No. 91; Cypsr': \l: -r.
or buries (drowns) it (and from then on lives happily [previously -995, No. 31; Aramaic: Arnolr - - -
Type 332F.1). 1004; Pakistani: Rassool 1961, '. -: '
When his rich brother frees the bad luck out of jealousy, it at- -957 I, No. 93;Brazilian: Cascr.-:
taches itself to him because it is afraid of the clever poor brother. Cf.
Types 507 , 735, 736, 947 , and 947 A. :36A TheRingofPolycrotes.-
(1) When King ,\::'
Combinations: 735. Polycrates he advise. .-.
Remarks: Type 735A occurs mainly in eastern Europe and the Baltic. As sign of his hunrr '
Literature/Variants: BP Il, 420422; Schwarzbaurn L968, 261f .,264-266; EM 5 most. Thereupon Po' . -.
(1987) 1305-1312 (8. Blum). sea. Some days later ;' - '

Estonian: Jannsen 1888, No. 55; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Lithuanuu:r: Kerbelyte

1N211.11.
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394 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28J FFC 284

(2) Because she is haughty (annoyed at a beggar) a rich woman 7378* The Lucky Wife.ThsmL.
(iandlord, businessman) throws her ring into the sea (river, lake) ing with a luckless man
saying, "As improbable as it is that I r,vill see this ring again, so takings when he marrie:
improbable it is that I rvill ever become poor". The ring is returned [N251.5]. Cf. Types -t6frB
to her and a short time later she becomes poor. Cf. Types715,745A,
836, 9304, and 933. Literature/Variants : Schwarzbau{m
Livonian: Loorits 1926; Lah,ian: -\
Remarks: Classical origin (1): Herodotus (III, 40-,13). 1993f. II, No. 41, Kerbelytö 1999i
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff. V 15ff. No. 10, 141 No. 68, VI, 32 No. 202; Milo§eviö-Djordjeviö 1988, No. 9:. E
Köh1er/Bo1te 1898ff. II, 209; Wesselski 1909, No. 146; Saintyves 1912, 1-32; Bassei Penu§liski 1,989 Il, Nos. 182, 191; E
7924ff .111,508 No. 308; Pauli/Bolte7924I, No. 635; BP lV,3321.,392;Knnzig1931, poulos / Brou skou 1.99 4, 241i; L-*
Schwarzbaum L965,261,270,477; Tubach 1969, Nos. 3835,4102;Schlr,arzbaulr.r Inada f Ozawa1977ff .; Spanish--tn
1979, 546; Geer 1984; Dekker et al. 7997 , 396-400; EM I 0 (2002) 1164-1168 (R. \,\
Brednich); Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004, Nos. 255,352. 738* See Type 156B*.
Finnish: Jauhiainen 1998, No. F261; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999fl.II; Sr,r,edish:
Liungman 1961, No. 836; Norwegian: Liestol 1922,65,106, Christiansen 1958, No. 739* The Luck-Bringing Anin
7050; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Irish: Ö Sirilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: Wiz ard F ather). The öild
Baughman 1966, Briggs 79701.8II, 140; French: Delarue / Tendze 1964ff .II; Span- animal (dog). The (oldi
ish: Goldberg 1998, No. N211.1; Catalan: Oriol/Pujo1 2003; Dutch: Kooi 1986 (destroyed), but the chi
107f.; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Kooi 1998, 123f.; German: Ranke 1955ff. III, Moser-Ratl-.
1981,8,287, Grimm DS/Uther 1993 I, No. 240; Italiar.r: Rotunda j942, No. N211.l 1N251.61.
r

Hungarian: György 1934, No. 182, Dömötör 1992, No. 176; Czech: Dvoiäk 197.s
Variants/Literature:
Nos. 3835, 4102; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas 1978; ]ewish: Jason 1988a; Syriar-r:
El-Shamy 2004; Lebanese: Nowak 1969, No. 257; Palestinian, Iraqi, Qatar: E1-
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithu
Serbian: Djordjeviö / MiloSevit-Ditrr
Shamy 2004; Irar.rian: Marzolph 19E4, No. .930D; Pakistani, Indian: Thompson
739**, Koceva 2002; Greek: Angelop
Roberts 1960, No. 948; Chinese: Ttng7978; Korean: Choi 7979, No. 265; Japanese:
Ikeda 1971, Nos. 8,12A, Bl2B,Inada lOzawa 7977ff .; Brazilian: Cascudo 1955a No.739**.
164, Alcoforado/A1bän 2001, No. 86; Egvptian: E1-Sharny 200,1; Algerian: Nou,ak I

1969, No.219, El-Shamy 2001 WestAfrican: Barker/Sinclair 7977,133, Klipple 740*" The Brothey (the Poor lla
1992, No. 841; East African: Arer.va 1966, No. 119; Sudanese: E1-Shamy 2004. (previously The Brothn t
for help by his poor brott
737 Who Will be Her Future Husband? On New Year's Eve (Christma. advises him to hang hinr
Eve) a young woman foresees her future husband [D1825.1], a so1- The poor brother cho
dier. When the apparition leaves, she manages to keep his sabre buried money. When tre
(sword). When the soldier comes home, they marrv. Later he find: ground level and he dl*ct
his sword in a chest. He (nearly) kills his wife (and himself) with the having lost his treasure. l
sword because he had suffered so much from the loss of his weapon.
Remarks: Important literary treatmi
Literature/Variants: HDS 1 (1961-63) 521-523; EM 9 (1999) 593; EM 10 (2002) 309- documented in the Sezten Wise l[x-:-
312 (R. Als}reimer). Literature/Variants: Kirchhof I Oestr
Finnish: Jauhiainen 1998, No. C611; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926r 584-586; Pauli/Bolte 1924II, No. li
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Scottish: Bruford/MacDonald 1994, No.42; Irish: ö Estonian: Aame 191& No. 910D"; Iatr-
Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: Bar-rghman 1966; German: Rehermanr. 7999ff.Il; Portuguese: Braga 191-lt. L
1977,155 No.23, Grimm DS/Uther 1993 I, No. 115, Neun.rannlggl, No. 121; US- Rath1964, No. 11; Polish: Krzyzanc
American: Baughman 1966.
745 Hatch-Penny. This miscel
737A* See Type 677. ing with money (treasure
bad luck to anyone u,ho s

7451'.

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396 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28]

Literature/Variants: Ward 18831I,234, M7; Chauvin 1892ff. tr, 128 No. l37;Schwarz-
balam 1968,77;EM 6 (1990) 640-645 (J. van der Kooi); Hansen 2002,188-190.
RELIC
Livonian: Loorits 1926, No. 745; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1.977; Lithuanian:
Jurkschat 1898, No.48, Balys 1936, No.3650; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Irish: ö COD REWARDS
Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1.963; Frisian: Kooi 2000b, 96; German: Kuhn/
Schwartz 1848, No. 24, Berger 2001, No. XII G 6; Macedonian: öepenkov/
PenuSliski 1,989 II, No. 191; Bulgarian: BFR No. *745*; Polish: Krzy2anowski 750A The Three Wishes (pr.'
1962f.I1, No. 3151; Byelorussian: SUS; Ukrainian: cf. SUS, No. 745*; lewish: Noy Christ and St. Peter rC - ,-
1963b, No. L9,Jason 1988a; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Iranian: Marzolph [Kl8] ll. A poor iar:'
1984, No. *745*; Afg)tan: Lebedev 1986, 154ff .; Chinese: cf . Ting 1978, No. 745*; three good wishes: : : -
Japanese: Inada f Ozaw a 1977 ff . three evii wishes [D - - -
The generous p. --
7454 The Predestined Treasure. A miser finds money (treasure), but a selfish rich man nTrrr'.: -
voice tells him that it is predestined for someone else. The miser neck broken, hi- rr L:.. -
hides it in a hollow tree and throws it into the sea (loses it in a flood). undo them. (The sa:-=
A fisherman finds the treasure and gives it to a smith (a smith finds you begin 1J2072.3'. - .
it when working). throws water orr a p'-
The former owner pays a visit to the finder and tells his story. Or, a husband g,-. . -

The finder gives him three pastries (caskets), one filled with earth, wastes it on a trifle. l:-. -.
one with bones and one with the treasure. The miser chooses the body and must u-L : -..
wrong one. Thereupon the new owner tries to repay the miser and
gives him a cake with the money inside. The miser pays for other Combinations: 330A.
goods with it and finally, after other events, the money reaches the Remarks: See Ovid, Metnt't .

predestined owner again [N212]. Cf. §pes 736,736A,245,841,947, introduction.

9474,961, and 9618. Literature/Variants: Kirclrhoi C..
1923,559408; HDM 2 (193.i-+l r-
Combination s: 753* , 947 A. L968,241.-244,405, 483; Legn-,":- . '
Remarks: Documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. Gesta Romanorum (No.109). 1326; Top 1975f. I, 207-276 IL' :

Literature/Variants: Ward 1883 I1,234, 447; Chauvinl892ff.Il, No. 137; Herbert Ranelagh 1979,222-225; Schi. ..: -'
1910III, No. 61; Schwarzbaum 1968,72,261,269f.; Tubach 1969, Nos. 2613,4954; \4oser-Rath); Chesnutt 1989 --. : :
EM 6 (1990) 640-645 (J. van der Kooi). 32f ., 51-54, 445447 ; Wierinea - - - -
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;L1ü'ruant;rr: Kerbelyte 1999ff.Ll,Swedish: cf. Liungman tqe9,85-109; EM l0 (2002) o'J --
1961, No. 745; Danish: Kristensen 1892 No.4; Irish: ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen \,hn Leeuwen 2004, No. 199; El.1
1963; English: Briggs 1970f.8II,268; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; German: Moser-Rath Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff . 11. \ --.
1964, No,. 154, Rehermann'J.977,137; Slovakian: Polfvka 1923ff.Iy,72f.;Mace- 150; Estonian: Aarne 1918; L.:... .,

donian: Öepenkov/Penu§liski lg}gll,No. 193, IV, No.376; Rumanian: Birlea 1956 1999ff.II; Lappish: Kecskere:
1I,472ff.,480f1.,IJ[,459f.;Bulgarian: BFP, Koceva 2002;Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. \orwegian: Hodne 1984; Dar,..r -
3613; Greek Hallgarten 1929,125, Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1984; Icelandic: Kvideland / Ei:..-..
1962f.II, No. 3151; Russian: SUS, No. 834r; Byelorussian: SUS; Ukrainian: SUS, Irish: Ö Stiilleabhäin/ Christia;',.. -
No. 834r; Turkish: cf. Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 131; ]ewish: Gaster 1924, Nos. II, 3091., B Il, 349; French: De...: -..
377, 423, ]ason 1965, 1988a; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff .I, No. 64; Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Chevalier 7995ff .III, Gonzä1ez :.
Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Indian: cf. Thompson lBalysl9SB,No. N351; Chinese: cf. Irigaray 1957,186ff.; Catalan: O: .
Ting 197 8, No. 7454, 7 45 A r; I ap anese : cf . Ike da 197 1, Nos. 930C, 9 30D, lnada I 238, Cardigos (forthcoming); t.
Ozawa1977ff.; Mexican: cf. Robe 1973, No. 841; Algerian: El-Shamy 2004. Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: \le-. =:
bourg: Gredt I883, \o. 854(i, ,

Tomkowiak 7993,256, Crimn.r K,,l

-1, Berger 2001; Swiss: Lachmer.,-
Decurtins 1896{f.11,645 No. 11lr ,..
Nos. 33, 34; Maltese: Mifsud-Cl.ri:: - :
I-, 750A ll*, Dömötör 1q92, \, -
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([Z'ZnZAlBrd e uo ra]em smonl]
.
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leqaa. dep ge Surop daal o1 :r1srM auo rürm aures aq1) 'ruaqi opun
'(poog e ur 1r sasol) eas aql oll:. _
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s,aslog sru) [enZI'tlOZI) saqsrm qsqoo, o.tt] sa>leru ueru qorr qsIJIas e 1nq '(arnsearl) dauou sprrl: -
ag+ 1dlasraa. sar{srm aarq} s}I sasn uos.rad .rood snolaua8 aqJ
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salraf,ar 'dlrplrdsoq pasnJar oqrra. 'ueru qcr,r e lsaqsra,r. poo8 aarql 1*gül 'oN '816Ißu41.Jl :asaunl-
patruer8 sr dlqelrdsoq tuar{l sa^rarar oqm rarurel rood y '[tigf»] qd1oz.re4 :uprupr | :0002 r,/pr.
do11 :qsr,lra{ 1*9rl 'oN ,SflS .lr :,-- j
slepour arü lrsr.r. (8uraq p.rnleu:adns raq+o 'po3) rapd '1S pue lsr'rLl)
rls.,r,rouezdzr) :qsrlod !*g11* , ,..
('qrr-U aq+ pue rood aq;)'(saqstM aqa ,l1snouratd1saqs1114 aa.ql aql V0S/
7,ro>luadal :ueruopaf,pJ4l 19 1r ,
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398 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E] .FC 284

567ff.,583f.; Slovakian: Ga§parfkovä 1991.f.1, No. 84; Croatian: Boskovi6-Stulli 750D God (St. Peter) and tltt T,
1959; Rumanian: Schulleruslg2S; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek Loukatos 1952,246f., 550A.) God (magicr:.:-
Megas / Puchner 1998; ]ewish: Habouch a 1,992; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Yakur cf . Ergis
choose (1) plentv or :

1962 No.266;Syrian,]ordanian, Iraqi: El-Shamy2004;Iranian: MarzolphL984;

Cod (magician) ccnt, - . -
Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting1978, Bäcker 1988; No. 28;
Korean: cf. Choi 1979, No. 132; Indonesian: Vries 1925f.II,408 No. 213; ]apanese: by the two elder t'r, ::' .-
Ikeda t971, No. 244, lnadaf Ozawa 1.977ff .; US-American: Baughman 1966; Af- The l oungest broth. :
ricanAmerican: Dorson 1956,191,f., Baughman 1966;Braztlnn:Alcoforado/Albän Cf. Types 7508, .4, '
2001, Nos. 45,46;Dominicary Puerto Ricarg Chilean: Hansen 1957;t&est Indies:
Flowers 1953; Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004; East African: Kohl-Larsen 1966, llff .; Combinations: 516, 750A.
Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004; Namibiary South African: Schmidt 1989II, No. 1132. Literature/Variants: Basset l'l= : :
)t)7-21.6,II, 19; EM 7 (7977):>---
750ß Hospitality Rewarded. After Christ and St. Peter [K1811] (pious iS0; Top 1982, Nos. 115-11I; El.l
-,,
',1-100 (I. Köhler-Zülch); E\1: -
beggar) have been refused hospitality in a house where a wedding
:innish: Rausmaa l9\2lf.lI. \:' -
is taking place, they are received hospitably in a poor man's house.
torthcoming); Frisian: Kot i :i
The farmer kills his only cow (sheep) for them, whereupon it comes Serafini 1975, Nos.550A,75CD :.
to life again (many new cows appear) [Q1, Q141]. Cf. Types 750D, \INK III; Serbian: KaradZi( 1q--- I .
750* , and 759* . itr-rlli 1967f., No. 5, Bo§kovit-S:.
-50, Birlea 1.966, lI, 477fi., 4> ::
Literature/Variants: BP I, 4221.; Andersonlg2Tff.Ill, No. 63; EM I (1977)ZBg-794 ichier-Oberdorffer L971, Nt, -: -
(H.-W. Nörtersheuser); EM 5 (1957) 718-727 (E. Moser-Rath); cf. Hansen 2002, -998; Ukrainian: Lintur 1972. \,.
--
211-223; EM: Wünsche: Die drei W. (in prep.). ,953, Nos. 110, 135; |er.r.ish: .1.'.r .
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. II, Nos. 6,14;Estoruan: Aame 1918; Karelian: Kecskem6ti/ ';992,EM 8 (1996)1332; Grp. l
Paunonen 1974; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Scottish: Baughman 1966;kish:6 Sakryl 1975, No. 15; Kurdish:t.'.'
Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: Baughman 1966,Briggsl9Z0l.AI,10Z; lese: Ting 1978; Japanese: Ik.-:..
French: Delarue/Tenö2e1964ff.IV 1; Spanish: Espinosa 1946f., N;. S6,Camarenaf 11, El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 5al r.- -l
Chevalier 1.995ff.III; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: 1004; Algerian: El-Shamr-l0L = 'r.
Henßen 1935, No. 171;Italian: Cirese/SerafinilgTS; Hungarian: MNK III, Nos.
75081*-7508III*; Slovene: TomaZiö 1943, 181ff.; Serbian: Djordjeviö/Milosevi6- 750E Flight to Egypt. This üri
Djordjeviö 1988, Nos. 103-105; Croatian: BoSkoviö-stulli 1959; Greek: Megas/
dealing with the joumer
Puchner 1998; Russian: SUS, Nos. 75OB,75OB****; Byelorussian: SUS, Nos. ZSOB,
The events are usuallr- rn
7508*,7508**,7508"**; Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 7508,7508*,7508****; jewish: Jason
1975; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Yakut: Ergis 1967, No. 263; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts
(1) Helping trees pe
1960; Chinese:Ting1978; Indonesian: Yrieslg2bf .II,408 No.213; Japanese: Ikeda poplal, alder, fig [A2;77-
1971.;Dominicary Puerto Rican: Hansen1957; West Indies: Floweri 1.953;Egyp- thistle 1A2771.4.21, haze
tiary Algeriary Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; Ghanaian: Schott 1993f. IIIIII, No. 135. cone, lupine seed), birds
low, wagtail, pipif bullti
750C GodPunishes a BadWoman. Amanis kind to abeggar (God [K1811]) wolves), people (smitlu rr
but his wife is unkind tQ1, Q2l. The beggar invites the man to him ous things (river, r,r'ell, st:
and shows him (among other things) that the woman has been turn- their flight by sheltering
ed into a cow [D133.1]. hiding them from pursu€
ance lA27 11..3, A27 11.1.3
Literature/Variants: (2) In the corn-legen,
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff .lI, No. I Portuguese: Oliveira I1OO|.I, No. 116, Cardigos pursue the Holy FarrLilr- t
(forthcoming); Italian: Cirese/Serafiru1975, Appari1992, Nos. 18,31; Slovakiän: when a field of grain, rvl
GaSparikovä 1991f .1, No. 337, II, No. 418; Serbian: Bogdanoviö 1930, No. 25; give up, not knowing th
Bulgarian: BFR No. *750C*;_Greek Megas/puchner 1998, No. 750Cr; Japanese:
day 1D2157.21.
lnada f Ozaw a 1977ff .; Br azTlian: Alcoforado / Albän 2001, No. 47.
(3) Mary washes Iesu
dry. Thei r heal i ng po\rer
 ro uaar8 urn+ ol r{snq }no-parrp aq+ sasner ramod Surpaq ,rraq1 d;p
ol qsnq e uo ruaql s8ueq pue sraderp s,snsa{ sar{sem drury (g) 'liloN'rooa .
i-,,.---
'[z'tEtzc]1 aep
.
:a*arrpdp[:'Jgql .oN .gool r .
a18urs e ur pauadrr pue .ua;8 urer8 aql 1er1} Suprtoul 1ou 'dn anr8 1EZ oN '0€61 I rouepSog :L
slansrnd ar{I 'umos se.u'adrl ,llou sr LlJlq,vr'urel8;o plarJ E uaqm :uer)p^olS 1lC ,B .qoN .Zoo ..
I I
dq passed sa,r4r8ry aq+ +eq+ tuaql Bug1al lq dpueg dlog aq+ ans.rnd \oSrprpJ,qll .oN ,l J0061 pr
oqrvr (srarplos) uaur aq] $prrl raurr€J e pua8al-uror aql q (Z)
'It'srö '?'rzzzv 'Ev'rrtzy 'g'1177y) atue
-lsrsse rrarü ro, passalq are sradlaq aql 'sransrnd ruol; tuaql Surprq
dq ro 'rurols e ruor; ro uns aql tuory waql Surrallaqs dq rq8ry rlaq+ -uJnJ uaaq SELI upluo.^4. aLIl I i.. -. l
uo dprueg dlog aq+ dlaq (slurrdyooq'ruea.r1s'llam'ra^u) s8urq] sno LUILI o] ueul aql salr^ur lp.ö::-:
-rrel pue (dsdd3'ueur purlq'raru;e;'uoseru'ql+us) aldoad,(saa1o.tr ([ttSt»] po3) re88aq e ol plri,, :
's1eo8'daaqs'daluop) slerurue raqlo'(qcugllnq'+ldld'pe18er*'.tro1
-1ears'a8pr.4led'ap8urlq8ru'1rey'penb) sprrq'(paas aurdnl'auoo 't€I_'oN 'I1n I il'I€,661_ lloltrs :..r:i .
aurd 'a1ep) s1rn.r; '(asor 'lt'y'tttZVl -dd8g :9961 sra^{olC :sorplri ::r,.
+nulazerl 'lZ'V'ttlZVl alls1ü
epa11:asauede[1617 o1 ggt
'qsnquroql'uroorq'ula1) s1ue1d'(urpd' lZ' tt lZVl Srl'rapp'rc1dod . .
slraqoy uosduror{I :ruulsDlrr r _
7 j
'rvroylr-rt Surdaaaa.) [V'tttZVl saa{ :suosradTsaa.rl Surdlag (1)
uose{ :qsr.,r,ra{ l****g0gl ,*g0!_
:snolnlernu dlensn aru slua^a aqJ :
'9011 \oN 'SnS :uPr\snrol. ic
'['llOZZU 'p] rdd8a o1 dpureg dlog aqr;o daurno[ aql r{tl..vr Suqeap
/sEBaI,^{ :laarD 1696I Ittnls_], .
salel snorrel sasrrdtuoc addl snoauellarsnu snql,1dfi8X ol lq&flt g;OgL -f, _
r^asolr14l/ Jr,ra[pro[g :uE]qla.
'soN 'III ;1111tr41 :uerre8unH :. .- -
'CI09l'V099'soN't002,{uuq51g :uerra81y 17997 :uprura) 19961 rada141 :qsrluaij j
dtueqglg ^ilIgl'196T laqdureS :uedqrl 1q0gl ,V099 .soN ,7002 druegg-1g ,17
/pudrpLUpJ .qg.oN ..19übl p- ,. . -
19461 3ur1 :asau ,ee6 _
'oN '086I dureqglg :ue4dd8g 1V099 'oN '116l epail:asauede{ :lOI 'lV 19761 s88r.rg | 1.. .
-Ir1) !6961uose{ :uerpul i6g 'oN '696I'Ie }a pFe?C :qsrprn» iEI 'oN ,97611f,tneg O :LISrrI :9961 ueuy?nEfl :Ll:r:_
:zELplqV 107I 'oN 'IIt'16 'oN 'II 'llt161 apo61 :dsdd3 lz€,tl (966D B;.l11g,Z66T
/ r]guralsla» :uerIare) 19 i61 a,-u :, -
€qrnoqeH 'ZZZ 'oN '9661 uorroS ulg 'egg6l uose{ :qsr,r.ra I:Eet ,Ott.soN ,tg6l
:qsrxrnJ 1*C0ql 'oN 'SnS'91'oN,Z16l rnlrn-I :ueruretän!966I '2002 uasueH .yr I(qley_raso]1 :
^plurog/prpr{raqf,
rauqcn4 T
se8 alN' 0 1'oN'096I sur)MeCI :)aarD j€,'oN t V 16l ßlltoptaqo-ran{rs .oN ']I, _,_
,Iil,'!loBV ,.llllfr ,lI 19961 v6t-68tut6r) L I IE 1€9
1fewe):uerueqlv 14gg :uerreSl'.g !'J6gv ea],'Ig,O9l
'oN'gZ6I snrallm{)S:ueTrrErunu 1g€'oN'q9ßIl]i]..+S2r^o>Isog,g.oN ^}196I
IIInIS
-?r^o)§og'Og0f ilr'+S-ll oäFog :ueEeorl l?I 'oN ,lt6l)Meft»:uerqras .m »i.\U I 'qgg2 saddl .Jl'IIrIö,rö] .,.,.
:uer.re8ung ivggg'oN'rurJeras/asarr3:ueurpres 1C0El ,Vggg.soN,916l ruryeras
.-
saLUo);r uodna.raq,tt ,r-udq.i r, _
/asarrJ :uprlell :Vtg GOAil I 14lf, :ssrms iefg6l roo) :uersrrC l(Sururocqlro;) 'asnoll s,uetu.rood e ur d1qe1r;.
so8rpre3'0II 'oN 'I'l016lerralrl9:asan8r4ro4 16 'oN ,II'JJZ36I eurusne11:qsruurC
.1,4 .I) Surppa,tr p aTJLIM asnoq e ur ....
.(.dord ur) rarp arq :ar{)sunM :61g 1(qcp7_ra1qA) 00l_26
(t66t) do11gg7 _
snordl [ttgt»] ra]ad .]S plrp _i
I INa i(qleu-rasoru'iI) tzt-Brt(tB6D 9wg:ttr-gln 'soN'286I
'l'1916l do1 lgg tgg6ltilrreqztemqrs lZOt,,IlI.!!VZ6I1asseg:slueue1/arnterallT 'ztII'oN'II 696I lppullrs :uprt._._
' :'lltt 'ggOt uasrp.I-[LioX :uB]ur\
v09l'9I9 :suolleulquro)
:sarpul lsaM 1196l uasuEH :upali- -
'VZglpüe '*1gL'13;1gl seddl .13 uPqlv, opPtoJorlv :uPrlrzPrB :uu,-
'dlqelrdsoq rraql roy papremar are aJrM srq puelaqlorqlsa8unod aql -ly :996I uuuqSneg :uB)rral-Llt _.
:asauedef:1Z .oN ggt .ll .]:Zo - ,
de,ue daaqs pue aurm rraql sa>lel aq pu€ srarüorq rapla o,rtt aq1 dq l
182 'oN /986I ra1)pg ,9761 Burl :_.,
fiqelrdsoq pasnlar sr aq h'IIgI)] re88aq e se saluor (uercr8etu) po3 :;96 1 qdlozren:uuruprl1100; i-_
uar{ilr' 1a}e1 'a;r,r,r poo8 e (g) 'daaqs (7) 'auraa. 1o d1ua1d (1) asooqc
srä.r3'1r:tn)p^ 1l X )Nl,\ :,,rs6l i-, -
dagl 'qsrrnt € sral{}orq aafl{l
}o qtea sluer8 (uenr8eur) poD (.V6gg ' JgnZ'
ß61 solP)nol :)arrJ :Jr,
addl snorrrard aql Surpnlcvl) .sßtllo.t.g aan;l aW puu (npcl,lg po) CL}iL rllnls-rr^o>lsog :uerleorJ 1rg .o
\
66€ sapl snor8qall t8z lcc ,82 lcc
400 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28] :FC 284

to bloom, or imparts fragrance to its flowers. When the neighbor r.,',:,*-

(4) Having no where else to bathe ]esus, Mary washes him in it is covered w'itl-r iat ,::- -
certain natural springs, which then and ever after produce warm
water. Literature/Varian ts: 5ch rr .r r'., -
(5)]esus soothes wolves, which aid the family in their flight. Rath); EM 7 (1993) 92-100 (l K. -
(6) A spider spins its web over a cave in which the Holy Family Finnish: Rausmaa 1973b,11 ::: '
Livonian: cf. Loorits 1,926;Lat. -.."
is hiding. Thinking that no one could have entered the cave recently,
104f..448, B ll,4lef.; lri*lr:t -
the pursuers do not look inside for them [8523.1]. Cf.Type967. 1970f .Bll,419f .; French: Delar,-..
(7
) Animals 1A2231..7 .11 (b eetle [A2231.7 .1.71) or plants lA27 21,.4] Soromenho et al. 1963f. I, \o --
betray the Holy Family on the way to Egypt and are cursed. Cerman: Peuckert 1932, No. 1. " :.
(8) Gypsies refuse to give the Holy Family refuge, and for this Italian:Cirese/Serafini lqi: : ..
they are condemned to wander ever after 1Q292.1). Cf.Type777. 1929ff .1,581f.; Serbian: Öajk;.:-. .
l-l; Macedonian: Öepenkor l-.
Remarks: The flight of the Holy Family to Egypt appears in the Nerp Testament \o. 55, Megas/Puchner 199: :, -
(Matthew 11,13-23), which is the source for the apocryphal gospel, Pseudo- 1972, No. 72;Jewish: Jason 1:i::,: .
Matthew. 1959, 259f1.; Lebanese: E1-Sh:.:-' -
Literature/Variants: Erk/Böhme 1893f. III, No. 1950; D2ihnhardt1907ff .II,22-68; 1q72, No. 5; Chinese: Ting l'--
Schmeihg 1 9 1 1 ; Schmid t 1.9 63, 259 -264; Mas ser 19 69, 249 -269 ; C ar do so 197 ; -L

Moser 1973;Moser 1974b;EML (1977) 653; EM 4 (1984) 1328; Köhler-Zülch 1992 750** Girls PluckingBerries. '--'
46-52;EM7 (1993)1355-1361 (D. Petkanova); EM 8 (1996)295-300 (C. Daxelmüller). in a {riendly mannq- :"
Finnish: Rokala 1973,113; Estonian: Aarne 1918, 152, Nos. 77,80; Icelandic: ous answer and is r'-r:- -
Boberg 1966, No. D2157.2; French: Delarue/Tendze1964ff.IY 1,,93ff.; Spanish:
Camarena/Chevalier 1995lf.III, No. 752C*;Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff-f Nos.
Literature/Variants:
95, 172, Meier/Woll 1975, Nos. 29,97, Cardigos (forthcoming), Nos. 750I,750L
Finnish-Swedish: Hackmarr 1y -
752C*; German: Moser1972b, Moser 1981, 97ff.,133ff.,1.38,175f.,178f .,380,383,
ish: Espinosa 1946f., No. 51; Ca:: .:'
39 8, 495f ., 524ff ., 57 6 ; Maltese : l\tlif sud-Chircop 1 9 78, Nos. " 7 7 2B, * 7 7 9F,, * 77 98
1, Haboucha 1992.
"779F,*7791; Croatian: Gaal/Neweklowski 1983, No.2; Greek:Karlinger l98i',
30ff.; Polish: cf.Krzy2anowskrLg62l.II, Nos. 2442,2443,2651; South American
Indian: Hissink/Hahn 1961, No. 377;Mayan:Laughlin 1977,234ff.,384ff.; Nami- 750E* Hospitalitq and Sirt. .-

bian: Schmid t 1989 II, 259ff .

weighs a life of sin. C:

750F The Widow's Donation. A king has built a churdU but will not allow
Literature/Variants:
Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin / Christiar . = :-
anyone to donate money for it. When the church is ready, he erects
61, El-Shamy 2004; Algerian: F: r-.
a sign saying that he alone built it. The next day, his name has been
can: El-Shamy 2004.
replaced by that of a poor widow. He learns that the widow had
donated hay for the donkeys (oxen) used to help build the church. 750G* See Type 831.
The king regrets his mistake and recompenses the woman.
750H* TheNotary Enters Hc,;. - .
Remarks: Documented in the 11th century (Miracula s. Georgü).
Literature/Variants: Günter 1949, 204; Tubach 1969, No. 1058.
tality by a woodsm.:: -'

German: Bechstein/Uther 1997 I, No.44; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.1,No. 750E. Q1421 and asks that :'.- :
ceived in paradise. H-
750* Hospitality Blessed. God (and St. Peter) rewards the hospitable On his way to hea- =
farmer and punishes the inhospitable one [K1811, Q2]. Cf. Types notary (enters heil) a:'-.
7508,750D. card game [E756.2]. S: - ,
In some versions (mostly Hungarian and Czech) a poor woman the woodsman recall. .- .

offers soup to Christ and St. Peter [K1811]. They reward the woman mission.
because they appreciate the specks of fat as "stars" in the soup. In some variants h; :
 'dnos aq] ur ,,sJels,, sE lel lt :
I^ap aq] rür^1. sprer Jo saweS a^la,^/\l surM aq sluerre^ auros uI
'uoIssIul ueurom arll premar d"qt .Itt.. ..
uplUoÄÄ .rood e (qcaz3 pue Lr€.::-
-pe s,drelou ar{l sulelqo pue X}rlElrdsoq sH sllerar uEluspoo.{,I aql
+nq dre+ou aq+ +Ilupe o+ rISrM +ou saop ra+ad '+S'[Z'ggLl] atuE8 preD
e ur Ir^ap oq+ ruol; Inos s,dJe}ou ar{} suIM pue (llarl sra}ua) d.relou
saddl'y3'[Zö'tf3f»] alro a-i.
alqelrdsoq aql spre^\ar (lat.j
Surdp 'palcrm e ]o asnorl arp tre sdols ar{ ua^eaq o1 deaa. sH uO
,{1ryacead sarp pue sa^rl aH 'asrpe;ed ur pa^rar
lgEl'oN' t' lZ96L r>ls,trou ez iz-..,
-ar aq pue [1ZZN] sprer te ur,u. sfeaa.le deru eq +eqt s)se p.ue IZVIö '890I 'oN 'oyr .
'Ig7öl qsrm e paluer3 sr all '(radeld prec) ueruspoom e dq d1rp1 '(rtStoag.s ,1i:-r.. .
-rdsoguaa.oqs a.re sallsodyaql pue snsal'uaaaag snpX friaqoSl aq1 *HSSZ
'ueurom aq] sasuadu,--:
'1gg addl aag *D09^4 'q)rnqr ar{} plnq dlaq o1 pa::-,
per{ aq} }Erll surPal al_
'7997 dueqg-l1 :uer ^,topr^^
uaaq s€r{ arueu sl{ dep lxau a_-
-rorotrAl 17997 dureqg-1il '€g 'oN 'I'J1IZ6I snuaqorC :uerra81y 17667 drueqglg '19
slJaJa aLI 'dpea;r sr I{JJnLIJ al{t r,-:
'oN'I'J8I6I algp>I/lpFrq)S :uenntsaled 1096I
uasueqslrqf,/ulgqqealllrlS e :qsu1
.ltolle lou IIIM ]nq ,qc;nqc p lr:..:
:sluEue^/ernlEralI"I
'ggg addl 'Jf, 'uIS Jo aJII € sq8ram
-il.upN 1'llügC ''ilfrtt ,116l -
-tno (s)uoru o.rq o1) dlrlelrdsoq Jo +re euo 'uls puo frplaydsog urlL{::
*!I0gl uP)uaurV r.{tnoS 1tEgZ ,۟f
"
'796 1 la8u11re) :laal):Z.o\
.: -
'z66ley)noqell '1611-'1611.'gzll* soN -::
l-r. :
:qsr.naf 14gg :uerre8pg 19967 1o[n4/1orr6 'Jf, :ue1e]e3 1Ig 'oN ^;9761 esourdsg :qsr
't8€ '08€ ^tqtr ^tgtt'8€I ' lI€!
t ,,
-uedg:7761aupaytr/sfg.ry:u€r^leT lZgI 'oN 'I;lI6IuEuDIreH:qsrpa^ S-r{snrurg
'[OEt'tOEt.so5,(3uruof,Ll].iol :,
:slueue^/arnleralr.I 'soN 'I JJ006I erra^r16 :asansr:::
:qsrued5: Jlt6,L AI .llfqolaz:j.
'097 ad4l'Jf, '[Zö] paqsrund sI pue raMsue sno
:)rpup[a)l :09 ,ll .soN .Zc I \ r
-alrnof,srp e saar8 raqlo ar{J 'papre,vrar sI pue rauu€ur d1puar.r1 e ur '(ra11mu1axeq
tr) 00€-962(966I i;.
([ttgt»] po3) uetu p1o ue sramsue
ruaq] Jo auo 'saytag&ul4crycl s1q) **091 'z66Iq)Vlz-raHg» 182€I (tSot : ;
!1761 osoprc) !692-6t2,696I ^:-.
'7997 drueqg-Ig :upr)orotr l 'ue4dd8g !g7613w1:asaurqJ :g'oN'Z16I :gq-ZZ,il.IJl06I lprewr{pC 10:r .
z*or€» :asarueular 16961 uosef :uerpul 1p697 duregg-Ig :asaueqaT !1169z'696I
eqVeBg:zet21qy lgtry'IV'1016T s33ug :dsdd3 1egg61 uose{ tqsrnal!77 'oN'Z16I -oprLasd ladso8 leqdd.rrode au_ -
rnlurl :uprureDlll lgng :uerssnroyadg 'uerssn5 1866I .rauqcn4 / se8ahl 'gg 'oN luarualll o2rN aq] ur s.readdp ..: -
'Zg6I ßlll1.:>laarD !66I ' 16I'soN 'II 6g6I r. srlQnua4 / ,ro1uada; :ueruoparetr l 1?Z
'oN 298I cr.toue[o15 :uerlporJ 1IZ 'oN /V€6I)t^ouei[e3 :uerqrag :ilgg'I'116Z6I '
114 adf,1'D
.[1.Z6ZO] ragE ::
aIIrI :q)azl ll*Ogl'*1gL'soN'III )NI tr :uerre8unll :g761ruqeng/asarr3 :uErlBlI srLlt ro; pue 'a8nya.r ,{1rue1 i _,
!'#SOe'gZ1tlßunez:uer4sny 1';1gg'1661lazuag 'OZt 'oN !961 g»1cna4 :upruraD 'pasrnr are pue 1dd31 o:
!
*gpgl ' *0gl 'so51 '(Sururo)qlroJ) so8rpre3 'l7I 'oN 'I 'lt961 'Ie +a oquaruoros .t.2.
[y' tZtZV ]s1ue1d .ro ([ t te;: .
/sollaruors€ :asen8nlro4 :t ttt'fltg1tazQuaJ/anrelaq :qruard !'ßw'ltS.'l0l6l 'p6 adÄ113 '[1'g7Egl Lu:. .
s88rrg :qs18ug 1€96I uasuer+sulll/ur9r{qeall}Rs g iystq 16Lt'[S'gW ^IVOI'l
'd11uarar a^e) aql paralua a^EL,' :-
v'1016I s88rrg :qsqlo)S !lßIauparyls[g.ry:uer,qe1 19Z6ISlttoo-l'Jr :ueruo^r.l
iIgI 'oN ueruTf,€H :r{srpams-Llsruurg 1'}J9II tqtl1leeuusr.eu :r{sruug dptueg Xlog aqi r{llll,l,t *, ..rn. .l
'I'!116l 'lq8rry naql ur dlrure; aLI+ pr';
.ezz-il1 /2002 uasueH .p !(WtnZ-ßIqe» .D -
00I_26 (e66D t lNg 1(r{led
-rasotr l 'S) lzl-gv (lg6l) g W, :rVZ tg96l urneqzre.^4.q)S :sluBuE^/arnlerall'I
UrJE.t,l aJnpord .ra11e JaAa pur, l ,-
'lle ]E papreMar lou sr ueruo^^ aql pue leJ qlIM pare^oc sr 1r ul rulLl saLIseM dre14 ,snsa{ aq-: -
'dnoslaq +ea ol ralad'1S pue +srrq3 $lse ueuroaa..roqg8rau aql uar{M .sra,\4.oll ::
W sa1e1 snor8rla6 n8z l{J ,82)ti,
ru l*rr--
 :FC 284

and is able to take twelve souls out of hell with him. Finallv they ar. (owl, cuckoo, raven, pe(
all admitted into paradise. Cf. Types 808, 809-.
Qs51.3.1, Q551.3.2.2, Q
Literature/Variants: Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1 g
Firrnish: Rausmaa 1982ff .II, No. 47; Czech: Srämkovä/Sirovätka 1990, No. i.:
9,83,242,458; Tubach 1969, No. 1,
serbian: cf. Krauss/Burr et al. 2002, No. 55; Macedonian: cf. öepenkov/penu§lisi.
El'42 (1979) 816-821(D.-R. Moser
1973.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. iI, Nos. 1
153; Karelian: Kecskem6ti / paunorr
750K* The Lost Genitalia. T*,o soldiers lose their genitals. one of ther:- Hodne 1984; Scottish: Baughman
becomes a serrzant. The farmer for r,r,hom he r,vorks gives him a st.r- Christiansen 1963, No. 751"; Engli
lion and sends him away because he rvould be useless as a sorr-il-- 197 0f . A I, 107 f ., 1l2f ., 124, 443;1 t
1aw. Spanish: cf. Karlinger 1960, No. ,
The soldier shares his bread u,ith a fairy (heips an old womar Orioli Pujol 2003, No. 751; portus
who gives him a wish [F341, N825.3 ,Dt761,.0.2.2,120221. He wishe. \o. 48, Cardi gos (forthcoming). \
-1
for genitals like those of his horse, and marries tl.re fa,ner's daugh- Wallo on: Lap ort 19 32, Z 4; Gerilar,*
Nos. 751, 7514; Sardinian: Cirese
ter.
751,, Dömötör 1992, No. 120;Cze&
He tells the other soldier r,r.hat happened and advises him to g.
7991f.I, No.257; Slovene: Zupancl
a horse a,d to give bread to a fairy. This man also wishes for geniti-.
58; Rumanian: Schullerus f iZS. X
like those of his horse - but he had not noticed that this hors" *,a, - gräphia 2 (1910) 469f.,4 (1913,r 14i
mare. No. 751; Turkish: cf. Eberhard/ Bora
Iason 1965, No. 751; Gypsy: Nf\K
Literature/variants: Legman 196gf. II, 679; Hoffinann 7973,272. 7514; ]apanese: Ikeda lsit;VS-l
Errglish: Mccosh 7979,265; Frisian: Kooi 19g4a; Flernish: Loots 19g5, 32ff.; Au.. African American: Dorson 1gi6.7:
tralian: Adanrs/Newell 1999 II, l47f .; US-American: Randolph 7976, 63,Bak.: -{merican India n: cf. Wilbert,i Sirnc
1986, No. 163; African American: Dorson 1967, No. 206.
7518 The Earmu.tife Must Take
750K** wishing the Cat to be a Prince.An old \,\,oman is given three wisl-re. greedy farmwife gives r
by a fairv (fish) [F3a1, D7761.0.2]. She r,,r,ants to be beggar (Christ [K1S11.1]
1,oung [D56], :
have her house become a palace, and to have hei cat itrrn into . larger. As punishment :
young rnan [D342]. All the wishes are fulfilled. Hor,r,ever, she rea _
Q292.7). Cf. Type 751Ä.
izes too late that she had had her cat neutered lJ1919.S,I2O7Z).
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1q-,
Literature/Variants: 9,83,242,458; EM 1 (1977) 1346_13:
Dutch: Gelctof 7979,
1,98f .; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Cerman: Röhrich 1967,Ifi Finnish: Rausmaa L9B2ff.II,No. 1r; l
Röhrich L977,72; Austrian: Kunz1995,130; Italiar-r: Rotunda 1942, No. D3J_ Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian:.{räi:
Hungarian: Ranke 1972, No. 11; Indian: Thompson/Barys 195g, No. D342; A,.. Russian, Byelorussia n, U kra inian: j
tralian: Adams/Newe1l 1999 lI, 103.
751A* A Man lioites God to H
751 See Type 7514.
preparations for a visit tro
come to his door (sets the
7514 The Farmwife is Changed into a Woodpecker. (l.cluding the pr-t
self [K1811.1]. (The ma:r
vious Type 751.) Christ and st. peter ask for hospitality from a farrr- 751,C*,930".
wife (baker's daughter) [K1g11]. She tries to uie only a verv sma_
piec.e of pastry to make her bread (to prepare only a ,.e.y small loai Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum
but her bread (pastry,) magicallv gror,r,,s larger [Dl6SZ.l.2).Neverthe_ Finnish: Rausmaa lgg2ff.II, No. 1i
less she does not g,ive ihem anything (give- thern orrly a rnorsel,). r - Kerbelyte 1999ff . ll;Spanish: Camare
ptrnishment [Ql.1, Q29Z.l], she is transformecl into a rvoodpecke: \o. 979*; Slovakian: Gaspar(kor.ä
Krzy L anow ski 79 62f . I; Russian, Bv
 uosel:r{srma{ lgng :uerurerTll ,uurssnroladg,uerssn1 q.lZg6I rlsa,roue?dzry
:qsrlod 14gg :uerre8pg 1rg 'oN ,I .JI66I 9.r.o4.rudqe3 :u€DIe^olS j*616 .oN "rapadpoo.rt e olur paurJcr_l:r. : -
/pt86l roo»:uprsrrC :tIt'gge6;1rarlp^ar{)/euarerup) :qsruedg !il.#6661a1d1aqra; sV '(lasror.x e ,{;uo Luaql \,. \ :
:uEluenr{ll'I !U6I aupa][/i*ls[pry:uer^]e.I 10I 'oN 'II'JIZg6l €eursnpu :r{suurC -aLIUa^aN' [Z' t' ZSS t C]) ra.-'-rl. .
'
€B'ZI' g96l runeqzrE^ r{)S :s}uBuE^/arnleralrT '(yeo1 iprus dra,r e.{1uo a.rEd:-*
11uuis d;a,r e .{po asn o+ sar-r :
'*0€6 '*JIgl -urre, e uoq dlrplrdsoq rol :i i-
saddl 'J3 flyZeZö'I'Iöl paqslund sr ueru aq1) .[r'tt3t»] ilas -ard aql Surpnpul) .taltadpto,.-
-luH poD serr,r. re33aq aqJ '(LuH uo sSop aql slas) roop sn{ 01 aluor
seq oqzvt.re88aq e de,ra.e salrrp lnq ?oD uro'r1 }ISI^ e .ro; suorleredard
puer8 saleur (ueluom) ueru V .asnoq s?H ol pot saflaul uary V *:qr;1;L
-snv lZf€C 'oN '896I s.r.1eg ,.. . -
lst6rtüßßs/asaIr,:uerrplr,rrurn,,r.ffi?p§Hii?;ä'iri#I:i1;äffi lzt€c oN /zü6I Ppunlod :u.- -.
lrgl'oN 'I'lll"6lueuDIreH:r{srpems-r{sruul{ 1ZI .oN ,II.llZg6L€erusnEU:r{snrurg ' J€?L 'l96L r{)rIr{QU :uelllra:r
'B9I-Z9I '086I raTrelg 1(uueur"raqaS.H.iI)
09SI-9Vtt(tt6D I I Ig 189f ,ZhZ,eg,6
'996ltxneqztel\,rrps :ggZ-VgZ,Z€,1-€ZI ,il.11106l +prEquqpC :stuEup^/arnlErallT
'
[Zt OZI' 9' 6I6LI] paral 11: -. -,
'y197 addl 'D'lyZ6Zö -lear ar{s 'ra,la-r't.op1 .pallrllll_ r-.
'1'1§] saleus oml paay-lsearq ol seq aqs luaurqsrund sy .ra8rel P OJLrr UJnl IEJ JaLI a^eLI ol :,..
saa.or8 dlecr8eu pearq raq q8noq+ ua,ta ,([1.1191;1 l+rU)) reB8aq o] '[99C] Sunod aq o] stlrE-\,. .r -
.
e o1 (8urq1ou) pearq;o acard Ilerus e lluo saar8 aJrMureJ dpaer8 .aLlsl^^ aa-rql uanrB sr upL,l,' ..
V'[769ö] uatpqq)-ß+soJ su sayous oml alal pq41afimu.tal aqt 1ISL
'90a .'\a
'I'€gICI'oN ,266I nEauoturs/+raqllM .p :uerpul uprrroruv ra)eg /€9'9761 qdlopupy:Lrr.r _:
qlnos lVI9l 'Igl 'soN '9961uew1ßneg.^J6gI /996I uosroq :uef,rraluv uerrryV -snv 1'JJZ0 /9g6I sloo.l :LISrrlra j .
'
-
:V tE t' tgt'soN'996I ueurq8neg :uerrrauv-Sn !U6l epa1l :asauede{ 1y1
97 z €'
lz' 16l LrLIrr' --'
'I9l 'soN 'gßt ßu;I:asaurr.I3 lIEl .oN ,I X )NI I :dsdd3 llgl .oN ,9961uose[
'87 'oN 'e9961 do111 :qsrazra{ 1(q,e) ZIü,tg6T .Jr :qsDrrnJ llgl .oN
'S;IS :uerssnroladg 1917 ,'l€,9,€96I leel»,.llg^plerog/prellraqf,
(Vt ltt6l) fr ,.169, (OlOt) Zen4dgt? P sP^1 dsroLl srql lPql paf rloL: -
-oe.I :>IaarD lIgl'oN 2gg :uerreSlrrg llgl.oN,gZ6I snrallnqrs :uerueurn1 1gg slelrua8 JoJ saLISrM oslp uEur sr-
'oN't961 rrlnls-rr^o{sog:uertEorJ :IJZI,eW6ItuednT:aua^ols ,I.1166l
ZgZ.oN laB o1 Lurq sasr^pp pup pdLrrlr--
g.r.o4redpe3:u€lTe^ols !'lttE,l.616Z6IalI;:qraz3 10ZI'oN ,7661 ,oqo*.oa1ilg1
'oN'III y9141 :uerre8vnH ! Ig l.oN lrurJeras / asarr3 :uerur p NS :V Ig l,I gl .soN
t -q8nep s,raurreJ aq] sarrrElu r -...
g
16I tr:ue ßS/ asarr3 :ue{e}I 1ru .#996 I a{ue5 :uerura ) :V l, Zt 61 1rode1 :uooIIeM
O. L9
saLlsr^,\ a11' I€IOZI,Z.Z.
17€g'oN 'LI'119z6l arada;41 ap :LISrLualC llgl .oN ,(Surtuoctproy) so8rpre3 ,gfl .oN tIC :
'I'lg96l 'Ie ]a oquauroros/sollaruorsen :asanSnBodllgl.oN ,0002 1oln47lorrg (uetuo,r,r plo uE sdlaq) d.rre1 u -
:uele+eJ :lt'ilE16;, rarle^aqJ/euarerue3,Il .oN,9961 ra8urlre;E .;c :qsruedg
ilgl 'oN 'L LI'!!V96L azaual/anrelaq :qruarC !€frV ,VZL,.lZlI ,.lly,IV .1016l -ur-uos e sE ssalasn aq p[no,\., ]_-
s88rrg 'ylgl'Igl 'soN ,996I ueurq8neg :gsq8ug jlgl .oN ,6961 ,rasürrjrrrqS -lels e rurLl sa,rr8 s>1.ro.,r,r aLI rLrLr _.
/ulgqqeallllls g :qsul lvlgl 'Iql
'soN '9961uew'q8neg :qsqiors 17961 aupog uraql Jo auo 'slplrua8 rraql ...
:ueräaMroN 11961 ueruHunr-I :L{srpoMS :ll6luJu:ovrrEd/r}91uaTs)a» :ue{arE» 1€gI
'oN'I'J4I6I trEtrDITEH:Llsrpar\S-qsruuglLI,Ol.soN,II .!lZg6Ieeürsne5:r{suurC
'086I r»lrelg 1(rasol 'U-.C)
IZ8-9Ig (616D ZWg r)srJ\rruaJ / no>Juada) JJ :upr.., :' '
1(uueurraqau 'H 'iI) 09€I-9V€I (tt6D LINAlVfi.oN ,696I rlrpqnJ :Bg, ,2fr2,€g,6 1ql oN '06b1 P)tP.\orS/ P.\o)r...
tgg6Lurrleqz,re,Iqrs :ggZ-VgZ,Z€,|-EZ| ,]I_-lll06I+prEWLIgC
:slusuE^/arnlErallT
' g1g4 adÄ7'Jl'[l'999ö'z'
z' e' rgg1,I.t. I9gö '*608 '80S .:-
'y16ZO 'I'tgICI] (aslopol ,aaq,al,o11eazrs ,lranaad,uazre;r,oo1cnc lzvro) are .{aq} dleurg 'urq q}p{ 1aq _,
€0, sapl snor8qay n8z lcc tqz)ac
404 Hans-Jirrg Uther FFC 2S= :FC284 !=

'l.965, 1988a; Georgian: Kurdovanidze

2000; Mexican: Robe L973; Ghanaian: Remarks: Most of these tales are .
Schott 1993f. IIlIII, No. 135. iTIOOn.
Literature/Variants: Baring-Gor-: _:
7518* The Old Man utith the Lioe Coals.A poor man looks for a light for Dähnhardt 7907ff.1,134; Rtp:j -.
his fire. An old man gives him embers. When he takes them home 1927;Krappe 1940; Menner 19=: :
they turn to gold. t7977) 13;E}l2 (7979) 193; EIrI : -:
A wealthy man (envious neighbor) purposely extinguishes his Dekker et al.7997,227-221 :..'
154;
fire and asks the old man to give him some coals. He says, "Your Estonian: Aarne 1918, 140 Nos. ,: -
house is full of fire". He finds his homestead in flames [Q2].
\o. B; Lithuanian: Baiys 1936, \l : -
\o. 760F; Portuguese: Vasconcel.: .
Cardigos (forthcoming), No. ;b : _
Literature/Variants:
,\o. 36; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, _\t- ---
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff.II; Italian: Cirese/
Top 1982, No. 45; German: Nltr>:: ,
Serafini 1.975;Hungarian: MNK III; Russiary Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Jew-
Schuster 1994, No.50, Bechstein -
ish: Habouch a 1992; |apanese : Inada f O zaw a 197 7 ff .
Sr,r.iss: EM 7 (1993) 871; Rumani::- :

757C* Wealth Leads to Pride. Arr.an who miraculously became prosper-

1962f .Il, Nos. 1150*, 1150A; Tui . .-
ous drives away an old beggar. The beggar was God himself [K1S11.
53; Chinese: Eberhard 1937, No l:
1965, No. 54; Cambodian: Neve::- . :.
1], his benefactor. The man is punished and loses everything [Q292- Polynesian, New Zealand: Kirt .,.
11. Cf. Type 751.A*. No:. 13,39,48.53, Waterman .-r'
Halpert 1993; French-AmeriLä:- - .

Combinations: 7508. Boas 7977, Nos. 9, 16, Lou.ie 191 : _

Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 1968, 83. ,{merican Indian: Wilbert / Sin.lt- :-. --, _
Finnish: Rausmaa L982ff.II, No. L4;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: -\frican: Werner 7968,76, K1ip.p.. , ,,
Kerbelyte l999ff.Il;French: S6billot 1880 I, No.53; Flemish: Meyer 1968; Maltese: 197.
Mifsud-Chircop L978; Macedonian: Öepenkov/Penu§liski l98g II, No. 97; Bul-
garian: BFP; Russian, Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; Iewish: Noy 1963a No. 2O 751F* The Mouse Tower o.f Bir,;,.
]ason 1965, 1988a; Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Chinese: Tingl978; Egyptian: EI-Shamy two different forms;
2004; Ghanaian: Schott 1993f.IIllfi, No. 135; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004.
(1) A knight u'ho :.-.. -. _

attacked at night in hi. :--.

751D* St, Peter Blesses Hospitable Thieoes.
them off, he prays to be r-,
Literature/Variants: away. When the chest -
Italian: Pitrö 1875 III, No. L21,,Lo Nigro 1957, No. *751; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004; gnawed to death b\- c,::-.:
Palestinian: Schmidt/Kahle 1918f. I, No. 61; Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004; Algerian: Or, the Polish Kirr_ _

Basset 1897, No. 90, El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: BassetL897, No. 91, Laoust1,949, an island. Even ther, ::. .
Nos. 126, 129, El-Shamy 2004. (2)Aprominent clc.:_,
ing a famine and dem...:,: -
75lE* Man in the Moon, This miscellaneous type includes various narra- burned to death. As t1-..,
tives dealing with a man (womary animaf object) on the moon squealing rats (mic,
[A757ff.]. Examples: plaguing him with n-ri:t -
A man (watercarriers,
a woman with a butter churry a man with flees to a tower oh d rr . .
of tar 1A757.4]) is sent to (can be seen on) the moon for
a bucket him even there and ea: :- :

punishment. The punishmei-rt is usually for breaking a religious

commandment (being hard-hearted, stealing, working on Sunday, Remarks: Tale with legendarr. tr:._:.
etc.) [A751.1]. 'n Annales Qrredlinburgenscs and --
In some variants, the figure of a hare 1A751.21, a frog, a toad Literature/Variants: Kirchhof / O... :. :
1888; Liebknecht1897,1-9; Tubacl- . -
1A751.31, or a tree 1\757.61is seen on the moon.
Icelandic: cf. Boberg 1966, No. elt: _
 aq8uruurg :qrlnq 18€9 (6 16I)Zql:rpuarC l7gyö 'oN'996I Sraqog'J) :rrpuelarl
'(rarün '[-1g,) OSt-gW (666il 6y\t:Vt6l ueurT)ag
L-
.uooru aLll
10II '+ou 619'fr161rau>lf,nrg 10820 'oN /896I r{rpqnJ !e-t'ßet lrlraolqarT lgggl
qreqzre.&u{rs-uraqag 1It'oN 'ZI69gl dapa1sa67;o+prl) :slueue^/arnlprall'I
peot e '3or; e 'l7ßlyl arplr :
' wntosuat?tnqasnly'tr wnndocsrda uoctuotql pue sasuaS,rnqulpan§ saluuuv ttr
'3'a'sa8y a1ppr1,r1 dlrea aql ur pa+uaruncoq 's1re4 d.repua8al qlllr aIeJ :sIrErua5 'depung uo 8ur1;o,,rt '3ur1ea:. :
snot8rla; e 3u11ea;q "ro; i;1.' '-
'dn urq lea pue araql ua^a ruH roJ uoour ar[] (uo uaas aq Lrr.l
{f,e}}e arnu aql '(ua8urg reau) aurqtl aql q {Jor e uo ra1v\o} E o} saau LIII^{ ueur e 'urnllf, Ja}lnq E rl:1 '
doqsrq arü'a)rru aql Io prr 1aB o1 .rap.ro uI 'arrur r{ll.tr turq Surn8eld
dq paap Ianrr slq] ro; rurq sagsrund po3 '(acrur) sler Surleanbs uoour aLI] uo (toa[qo 'leturue -
-eJJ€u snorJel sapnlf,ur ad.it .r-
,o punos ar{} o} sarrr rlaq} suaäq ar{'alp daq+ sv'{}eap 01 paurnq
aq (.rood aql) dpd +ou op oqm asoql lerü spueruap pu€ aunuel e 8ur
-rnp saxel sar,r.al (1 ro I ol+eH doqsrqqc"ry) f,rralr luaururord y (7)
/616I
'tüH ILDrI puE uIIr{ pul} arlul aql araq} ua^fl 'puelsl ue tsnoe'I'I6'oN 1691 lass::g
:uer.ra31y :y967,{r-ueq5-lj :upr--: -
uo ramol uapooM e o+ a)nu ruor; saelJ 1ardo4 3ur;q qsqo4 aq1 ,16
'aJrur raqlo dq qreap o1 pazur.eu8 17997,{ureq5-19 :uerrd5 1191-,r.,.
aprsur punoJ sr lq8r»1 ar{} 'uMop uaTE+ sr }saq) aql uaq1,4 der*e
oB acrur aq; 'Surpar aql urorJ lsaqt e ur Sunq aq o1 sde.rd ar1 fio uraql
prem o] alquun 'arnu Jo dlule ue dq ruoolpaq sH uI lr{3p le popepe
sr luarual3 't§ ;o dlradord eql parapunld peq oqaa. iq8gl y (1) '7667 dtueqg-li1 :asarrE': ]- .
:suHo, lualolJrp o1vr+ ,{tuuqglg :uerldd8E 19761 3ur1 :..
t4 dgalqc slsxa a1el srqJ 'ßeZö'Z'9IrOl ua&urg to nmol asnog aql *tISl '02 oN'e9961 do111 :qsr,r,ra{ 1s,-la
-Ir.g,!16 'oN'II 6g6I Dlsrlsnuad
:asallElN 19961 radapl :r{srurag :a-
'gI'soN'lI 6B6Ilp1.uqJS :u€rqnueN ! OVE'Z66le1ddg;, g l, gg6Iraura6'..rr:r!fr :ueruenqll.l 11761 aupa7q,. slu:-,
Ie4ua] :lI'lglv 'g'IgLV 'l'lilv'soN '266I nEauours/UaqlrM :uprpul ue)rraruv
qtnos 169 'oN 'Jr 2I 'oN'6761 uosdtuoqt'Zg'816I armoT /9I ,6 'soN ,ll6Lseog
:uprpul uerrraluv r{+roN 1€6 'oN'f66I }alaruv:up)rrauv-r{ruard 1€66I padp11
:ue)rraruv-Sn :0ZI-01'99 '99 'V9'29 '09 'soN '/ lg6lve]gu.ßleM ,€g ,gf ,6€ ,€I .soN
'186I ralJrg'I :uerlpr1sny :'lltg1'soN '116I ,(alyry :pllcleaz a,r.a11 ,uersaudlo4 'Z6zjl3urq1,(.ra.r.a sasol plrp p.-
lOtZ'ggOt,rodre;tr :asarueular !'!Oe'gEOt rruerura^aN :uerpoqweJ iyg .oN ,996I 'II8I)] ,lasl.urq po3 se,r,r.rp;:;--
preqraqf '6I'oN'g96l urIaqIIM'g9I'oN'Jr,9Z .oN, 7961 pwytaqg :asauru3 1gg -radsord aurelaq d1sno1nre.rr,.r-
'oN '196I srapnT :uerpul 199 'oN tgl6I aqr.eJ-:e^nl iVogII ,*09II .soN ,II.IZ96I
qsrvrouezdzr;,1 :qsIIocJ i?'oN'gZ6I snrallm{)S :ueruerun5 4ß(eAeDI tr trfl:ssr/!ts
' '
18ZH 'oN EZI'T0OZ re8rag '20 'oN 'r 166l ;et1flluralsqJag ,09 .oN ?66I ralsnq)S ll:--
-,\ral lSnS :u€rurerTll'tretssn:tr-..
lloo»'6lZ 't66I {err\o>Itrrol'lT 'oN ,Etl6I rasol I :ueluraD 1gf .oN ,Zg6T do1- , asrr : .l
:r{slual{ iZ8'oN'9661 Srnqraantr / Ioo)' *y lll'oN,e}g6l roo» :uersrrC i9e .oN !J :uPr [Pl I I I JJo6b I i]
'€002 Ioo» 'g 'oN l7'9761 aqBuruurs :qrln6l 1C091 .oN ,(Surruocqlro;) so8rpre3
'g0Z'l0Z '07I 'soN 'I'lt96I 'le la oquar.uoros/solla)uocsen:asan8nlrod 1{091 'oN '[7§] saueg ur pea]sau,. ,
'III'fr966I rarle^ar{J/euarerue3 :qsruedg 14969.oN,906I sdpg :ueruenq}I1 1g .oN
t9Z6I slrtoo-I:ueruo^rT lll 'oN /696I slrroo.l ,9 ,gI6L aurev :upruolsf, rno1,. '<,{es JH slpoJ JLUo- r.:
2 'soN OVI
'(8raqp1og'f,) 88I-SBI (AAAD O17111:1ZZ-IZZ,t66I-V 1a roTtaq 179I srq saqsrnHurlr.a ,{lasodr nd .. .
-9W'266I r.rrorse g lVB6T utgllot) e ! lU (186I) € 1,11A 1€6I (OlOt) Z Wg lgl (tt6l)
!
I Wt ! t 16I a[11 !' IV 6' y 9 61 o n t len3 / sa8ro g j6?6 I rauual l gV 61 a ddetS ! 7761 aruoq uralll sa)P] aq uarlM ,cr: j
a>Irun» 1926I a>Irun» 1916I a>Irun) :0ZZ (806I) €Z dJU lh€I ,l.tJlO6I iprcquqp(I ;oy lq31 p roJ s{oo[ uetu rooci i
! 009- 169 1f f '#sO g t allo B / ralqg» :v :
et' v eü ppoS-8urre g sluerre^/arnT#:r#
arll uo $Ireru >Irep ar{} ureldxa pue '1ecr8oloqa are sale} asaq} Jo lsol4tr :s{reurag :uereuPqn 1tl6I aqotl :ueJrxaJ\.
90, sapl snorBrlag ,82 ){J t8z lcc
r;-
406 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC 284

1943, 115 No. 1132; German: Melander (1607) No. 21, Schau-Platz der Betrieger
-l.4T,HllariusSalustius (1717)112 (EM
(1687) No. archive), Panzer 1848 II, No.325,
Schneidewind1960, No. 126a-f, Rehermann 1977,1,54f., SchneidewindlgTT,No.
79,81-83, Grimm DS/Uther 1993 I, No. 242;Swiss: Kohlrusch 1,854,31,4f.,8}147
(1993)871;Austrian: Vernaleken 1858, No.24O Haiding 1965, No. 15; Hungarian:
cf. György 1934, No.92, Dömötör 1992, No.339; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.II,
No.747A; Armenian: Wlislocki 1891, No. 19.

75LG* Bread Turned to Stone. (Including the previous Type 368*.) This
miscellaneous type comprises various tales dealing withbread (that
has not been shared during a famine 1Q272]) that is turned to stone 7528 The Forgotten l\,irtd. '-
[D471..1., D661, M411.2] (and I or gives forth blood [D4741). Exam- task of managine rl-.
ples: earth but he forgerr - -
(1) A poor woman asks her sister for bread for her children. The responsibilitv [J75i - ''
sister hides her bread and refuses, saying, "If I had any bread, I
would rather wish it would turn to stone". Immediately, her bread Literature/Variants: EM 10 I _
gessene W. (in prep.).
turns into stone. (When her husband later tries to cut the bread she
Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff. II \
had hidderu blood flows from it.)
Medne 7977;English: Briggs .--
(2) A lay brother (baker) hides his bread instead of giving any to
the poor. It furns to stone, and is hung on the church door as a warn-
Camarena/Chevalier lqoirr .
Flemish:Meyer lgo8; Cern-a- .

i.g. Rath 1q64, No. I 50, Rehernra... - -

Tomkowiak 1993,257; Austri:.:- - .
Literature/Variants: Erk/Böhme 1893f. I, No. 209a-f; HDA 1 (1927) 1,599, cf .1602f.; 54, Haiding 1969, No. 159; La.i :- ..
BPIII,46lf .; Tubach 1969, Nos. 174,3085, cf. No. 758; E};4l (1977)74;EM2(1979) 1975; Maltese: Mifsud,ChircLr'_- , *-i
805-813 (D.-R. Moser). Ca§parikovä 1991f. ll, \,, :-
Lithuanian: Balys 1936, No. 3728; French: S6billot 1904ff.I, 308; Dutch: Kooi Cepenkov/PenuSliski 1989 Il \..
1979a,78ff.; Frisian: Kooi1984a, No. 751E*, Kooi/Schuster 1993, No. 15a-b; Flem- russian, Ukrainian: SUS; Jerrr.:- -,,
ish: Meyer 1968, No. 368*, Top 1982, Nos. 90,91,1L0; German: Peuckert 1964ff.I, lqq4, No. q2.
Nos.421,422, Petschel 19751f.V, Nos.3361,3508, VI, No.386Z Rehermann 1977,
151f.,558f., Tomkowiak 1993,289, Grimm DS/Uther 7993 I, No.241, Grimm 752C The Prodigious l[otL.;,
KHM/Uther 19961II, No. KL 5; Corsican: Karlinger 1960 No. 65; Maltese: Mifsud-
exchange for a dirur=: : -
Chircop 197& No. *751E; Slovene: Krailz L880,7f.;Croatian: Gaäl/Neweklowsky
1983, No. 3; Mexican: Robe 1973,_No.752*D.
devil (other mo\\ c :r ..

soup).
752A Christ and St. Peter in the Barn. Christ and St. Peter spend the night Or, when thresi-Lr:: :
in a farmer's barn [K1811]. As payment for lodging the farmer wants
Combinations: 6504,820, an.i :_
them to thresh. They separate the grain by means of fire. When the
Literature/Variants: Genner. 1 ;: --'
farmer tries to do the same, he burns the grain and the barn[12411]. French: Delarue/Tenöze 19Ä+:: -
Cf. Types 750D,791.. Serafini 1975.

Combination s: 7 50R, 791,, and 822. 752C" See Type 8308.

Literature/Variants: BP III, 450-455; EM 2 (1979) t437-1440 (H. Lixfeld); EM 7
(1993) 92-100 (I. Köhler-Zülch); Dekker et al. 1997 , 411415; EM 10 (2002) 81+-824
(S. Neumann).
753 Chist and the Smith, C
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 15; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. I, No. a haughty smith [Ft,.]
L56(3); Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Lithuaruan: Kerbelytd it, and replaces the i..i . :
l999ft. lI; Karelian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; lrish: Ö Süilteabhäin / Christiansen putting her in the iire I .
1963; French: Delarue/Ten)ze1964ff.IV 1; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. The smith tries to .j -
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only deforms her []2411.1]. The smith's wife and daughter, both Bo§koviö-Stulli 197 Sb, No. 39; Buls
pregnant, are so shocked at seeing her that both give birth to a mon- MNK X 1; Armenian: Hoogasian-\-
key. This explains the origin of monkeys [A1861.2].
In some variants the attempt at rejuvenation produces a monkey. 753* Christ (God)Turns aThir
Christ (God)and St. Pet
Combination s: 330, 7 52A, 7 53 A, 7 53*, 7 85, and 7 91. donkey [Q551.3.2.6] and
Remarks: Documented in the 15th century, early version see Hans Sachs, Der must work. Later Christ I
affen ur sprueng (1556). the money he had earne,
Literature/variants: Dtihnhardt1907ff.II,l54-171;BP III,193-199;L{DM2 (193+-
40) lL7-L20 (K. Spieß); Fehrle 1940; Edsman 1949,82-131; Marold 1967;Lixleld Combinations: 7 53, 753A, and 755,
1971,l}lf.;Moser 1977;ElIi42(L979)1,440-L444 (H. Lixfeld); Schwarzbatm-1979, Literature/Variants: Cf. BP III, i-y.
487 not.11; Gobym 1989; Schneider199t,151-L65;cf.EM7 (1993)92-100 (I. Köhler- French: Delarue/Tenöze 196-ltt. I\-
Znlch); EM 10 (2002) 814-824 (S. Neumann); Moser 2003,76-79. Catalan: Oriol /Pujol 2003; Portu gue
Finnish: Rausmaa 19821f.I1, Nos. 18, 19; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. I Nos. coming); Ladinian: Karlinger \Ir i
62(5),1,56(2),157; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977; Lithuanian: 1,975, De Simone 1994, No. 33e; Sa
Kerbelytö 1999ff.II; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Chircop 197 8 ; Hungarian: cf . \ L\-I{
Bodker 1964, No. 36; Scottish: Briggs L97Ot. AI,165f.; Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/ 68, cf . Djordjeviö / Milo§eviö-Diord;,
Christiansen 1963; English: Briggs 1970f. AI, 490ff.; French: Delarue/Tenöze Stulli L975b, No. 40; Macedonian: I
1964ff .IY L; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier L995ff.l[; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; 1966 II, 490ft., ilI, 460; Bulgarian: c
Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al. 1.9631. I, Nos. 1.58, '1.59, Cardigos
(forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; Walloon:Legros1962;
Luxembourg: Gredt 1883, No.854(1); German: Ranke 1955ff. III, Grimm KHM/
754 Lucky Pooerty (prerior-r.
weave4 smith, porter, falc
Uther 1996 III, No. L47,Berger 2001; Ladinian: Decurtins 18961f. XI, No. 1, Kindl
1992, No. 1,2;Italian: Cirese/Serafin11975, De Simone 1994, No. 33g; Hungarian:
conditions. A rich man. .

MNK III, Dömötör 2001,287;Czech:T1lte1929ff.I,579f.; Slovene: Kelemina 193O him money. The poor rna
66; Rumanian: Stroescu 1969 I, No. 4256;B:ulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas/Puchner his former happiness. F
1998; Polish: cf.Krzy2anowskr1962f.I,No.764; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: huppy again [J1085.1]. Cl
SUS; Gypsy: Briggs '1,9701. A.1,428ff., MNK X 1; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskemdti/
Paunonen 1974; Georgian: cf. Kurdovanidze 2000; US-American: Baughman Remarks: Based on the notion oi.r
1966; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tendze L964ff .IV 1; Spanish-American, Mex- U,7,46-98D, this type has been rr-e.
ican: Robe 1,973;Dominican, Puerto Rican: Hansen1957; Egyptian: cf. Nowak Jacques de Vitrjz, Sermones tlulg,i!.:
1969, No. 431; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004. Literature/Variants: Kirchhof ,; Oestt
344; Wesselski 1936, 91f ; Schrr-arzt a
.

753A Unsuccessful Resuscitation. Christ (St. Pete{, angel) resuscitates a 1264; EM 5 (1987) 1318-1324 (H.-\1
4390; Alsheimer 7971., 1,67;Uther t9
dead princess (girl). A companion tries to do the same, fails, and is
Wotian: Kecskem6ti /Paunonen 19.
warned against trying again (is condemned and rescued by Christ).
Spanish: Espinosa 1946f., No. 90. Cl
Cf. Types 330,785. 1995ff . I[; Catalan: Orioi / Pujol 2trl
(forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 198-ta: F
Combination s: 330, 753, 753* , and 785. 8, Moser-Rath 1964, No. 1, Moser-R
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 892ff. YIil, 101 No. 73; BP II, 149-163; HDM 2 1992, No. 387; Czech: Tille 1929tt. I
(193440) 612-614 (H. Honti); E}l7 (1993)92-L00 (I. Köhler-Zülch); EM s (1.996)
Öepenkov/Penu§liski 1989 ltr, \o
743-747 (C. Schmitt); EM 10 (2002) 814-824 (S. Neumann). Bulgarian: BFP; G.reek Megas 19rF I
Latvian: Svabe'1923f.II, No.9h; Wotiaru Lydian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen1,974; SUS; Ukrainian: Öendej 19i9, 27 ; Ie-,
French: Delarue / Tendze 1964ff .IV 1; Spanish: Camarena Laucirica 1,991,, No. 1,27 ,
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.III; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; German: cf. Ranke
1955ff.I, No. 330, III, No. 785, Neumann 1971, No. 135, Grimm KHMlrJther 7996
754*" St. Peter and His Wife. pe
II, No.81; Swiss: Wildhaber/Uffet 197L, No.65; Italian: Cirese/Serafini'J.975; out in front of his house ir
Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Hungarian: MNK III, Dömötör 1992, No. 49, Dömötör is outside, he lies and savi
2001, 276; Czech: T1lle 1929ff . I, 6011f .; Croatian: Bo§kovi6-Stulli 1963, No. 59, enters. At the rear he fir
handle [T2s1.3].
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410 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Literature/Variants: them God's answers to tI

Dutch: ]anssen 1979,138f.; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: be in hell because he dor
Brunner / Wachinger 1986ff . III, No. 1F olz I 83, XI, No. 23 I 4283. heaven because of his h
moved from the naked n
755 Sin and Grace. A woman (on the advice of an old woman, devil) tience.
prevents the birth of her illegitimate children 1T572.1) by using (3)A oiminal has to c
magic to procure abortions (ki1ls the children, marries only when passes a crucifix he shoul
infertile, makes a contract with the devil). is killed by the relative crt
Later her husband (priest, preacher) realizes that she throws no father confessor, sees th
shadow [F1038, Q552.9] and casts her out as a sinner [Q251]. She angels, and he decides tc
cannot be pardoned until a rose grows from a stone table 1F971.2, cell, he breaks his neck ar
Q431,.4). A churchman takes the woman at night into the church. The (4) A murderer overh
(souls of the) unborn children appear one by one, whip (rend) her, despair the criminal utter
and finally forgive her. a life like the pious hermi
When the woman returns home a rose springs up [F971.2]. (She as he dies, he behar.es ha
dies or her body is torn up by animals.) Cf. Types 756A-756C,762, his soul is taken by the de
and765. and is taken into hear-en
Literature/Variants: Hauffen 190O 436438; Bolte 1904, ll4-117;Kahle 1906,311- Remarks: Four main versions of tlr
314; HDS (1961-63) 546-554; Klintberg 1.986, 237--264; Klintberg 1990, 35-46; assignments to the type are often di
Klintberg 1993,75-87; Shojaei Kawan 2003, 64-67. Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 13
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I1, Nos.20,21; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. I, No. 1927 ; Wesselski 1930, 39-53; Goebel
158; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Grundtvig 1854ff. 1966, 729-731 ; Schwarzbaum 196E.,1
III, No. 6, Grundtvig L876fl.II, No. 17, Holbek 1990, No. 23; Faeroese: Nyman Alsheimer 1971, 125; Moser 19a. -11
1984; Irish: cf. O'Sullivan1.966, No. 47; French: Delarue/Tenöze l964tf. IY 1; Moser); Scheiber 1985, 27 V27 2, 7S):
Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et aL.19631.I, No. 213, Cardigos (forthcom- Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. ?r: I
ing); Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. T572.1; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Ladinian: cf. 7977 ; Swedish: Liungman 196I; lÄs
Decurtins 1896ff.II, 643 No. 112;Htngarian: cf. MNK III, No. 755*; Czech: Tille 7 56, 7 56 A; French: Delarue / Tenöze'l
1929ff .1I2,365f .; Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; Gypsy: MNK X 1. Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff. Itr; Cata
2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. tr.
756 The Three Green Tzaigs. Legends about a wooden stick that grows 756A*; German: Henßen 1935, \o. l
roots and twigs and becomes a cypress, etc. The central motif in 1993,257, GrimmDS/Uther 1993 L \
Types 7 56 A, 7 568, arrd 7 56C. 6;Austrian: Haiding 1965, Nos. 25L
Dömötör 1992, No. 16; Siovakian:
756A The Self-Righteous Hermif. A hermit mistrusts divine justice, or a Möderndörfer 1946, 1.06ff .; Rumaniar
183f .; Turkish: cf. Eberhard / Boratar
man who thinks he is without sin complains about God's decision of
756,lason 1988a, No. 756; Chine-:'tri
his place after death (punishment [hell] or reward [heaven]). Cf.
Types756B,756C. This tale exists chiefly in four different forms:
1966, No. 756; Mexican: Robe 1973; \i
No.336.
(1)An angel ceases to appear to a hermit [Q553.2] because he
spoke disparagingly of an evil-doer who was taken to the gallows.
7568 Robber MadeT (previouslr
Thereupon the hermit has to do hard penance [L435.1] by wander-
to become a priest has te.
ing about as a beggar with a small dry branch [Q521.1]. The hermit
birth [M211, 5211, 5222-5-
converts a band of robbers with the story of his misfortune. The next
of this contract he first a_<l
morning the hermit is found dead, with green twigs on his small dry
pope for advice.
branch 1F971,.1,1.
Theboy wants to go to h
(2) A discontented hermit, an evil-doe1, and a naked man cover-
and the pope sends him tc
ed with sand worry about their place in heaven. Angel Gabriel tells
to his brothet a robber. Th,
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dq uaaeaq olur ua)e+ sr Ipururrr) aql ]eq] saas tossaJuoJ raL{+EI ou s^,rorlll aqs lelll sazrlear (la,r -
slq '+Iurraq arIJ 'srur+Jr^ raurroJ sn{ }o ouo }o a^r}elar aq} dq pa11rrr sr '(ll-ra: .
aq os Surop uaq14 rade.rd s,pro1 aql des ppor{s aq xrlrrnr) e sassed uaq,r,rdpo sarrrelu,uarplq: r,._
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'aJuarl
(p,rap 'ueuro^t plo ue Jo a)r-\p:
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lw sapl snor8rlay 782 ICC ,BZ tcg I --
412 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.1 FFC 284

the boy obtains his contract [H1273.1] (after manv efforts to per- the man and then r€ir= -
suade the devil) and sees the fierv bed (chair) prepared for the rob- (the stones or tlre h,i :
ber [F77 1.1.9, 1172, Q5611. sor tells him that al' :' - -
In anticipating his punishn-ients the robber decides (is told) to do that was preventecl i-". - ,
penance [Q520.2] until his drv staff puts forth fresh blooms and fruir the hunclredth nrrr :-:.'
[Q521.1.1, Q521.1.2]. Assured of forgiveness, he dies huppy ancl goes
to hear.en [Q172.3) (cf. Tvpe 756C). Remarks: Documented ir-r the \ l- -:

The hermit is astonished but reconciles himseif to God's judg- Literature/Variants: Andreie,., --=
\\esselski 1930,39 -53; HD\1
ment (blasphemes God and is damned [Q312.3]). The bov returns
107*111,; Schwarzbaum 1965. l-: -
from hell and becomes a priest. Cf. Types 756A,756C.
15-49; Megas 7975, 173-11(): \1- .=
160; EM 4 (1984) 389-394 (D -li r,t
Remarks: Docr.rmented in the Middle Ages.
Literature/Variants: BP Lll, 463-471; Andrejer. 1927;IHDMl (1930-33) 356 35S
335-342 (C. Hauschild); \lo:e: - :

(W. Anderson); Krohn 1931a,772-114; Matiöetov 1965; Moser 1977, 67-82;Moser

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ii. II .a

7987,187; EM 11,1 (2003) 335-342 (C. Hauschild); Moser 2003.

Süilleabhäin / Christianserr 1yr: :: .
Finrrish: Rausmaa 79\2li.L No.23; Finnish-Sr,r,edish: Hackman 1917f.1, No. 159:
\eugaard 19q3, Nos. Q5:0 I -=-
iJ7, Cardigos (forthcomine -'
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 7977;Lith:uanian: Kerbelvte 19991f .lI; Sn edish: Lir-rngmar,
1961; Norr,r,egian: Hodne 198,1; Danish: Grundtvig 185,1ff. I, No. 34, II, No. 1ll;
Berger 2001; Rumanian: Birle : -:
Dawkins 1953, No.82, KIaa: ,:^:
Scottish: Bruford/MacDonald 1994, No.50; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christianser,
russian, Ukrainian: SUS; Jerr i.,- i
1963; French: Delarue/Tenöze 196;1ff. IV 1; Spanish: Chevalier 1983, No.41
.

Robe 1973, No. Q520.1; Sr.riar..: l.

Camarena/Chevaiier 7995ff.lII; Catalan: cf. Neugaarcl 1993, Nos. 1172, Q520.:
Portuguese: Soromenho/Soromenho 1984f. I, Nos. 279, 283, Cardigos (forth-
\owak 1969, Nos. 335,336, El-::-.,-:
coming); Luxembourg: Gredt 1883, No.910; German: Grimm DS/Uther 1993 L
Haring 1982, No. 1.5.92.
No. 171, Crimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. KL 6; Ladinian: Karlinger/Mvk_vtiuk 1967
No. 24, ULfer 1.973, No. 17, Danr-rser Richardson 1976, No. V43; Italian: Cirese
Serafini 1975; Hungarian: MNK III, Dömötör 1992, Nos. 29,270; Czech: Tille 755C* Receipt fromflell. ,\:.:-.,
1929ff .II2,230ft.; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 7991f .I, No. 254, II, No. 558; Slovene in order to procure a :. -.
Krek 1885,60, Bvhan 1958, 143ff.; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; Sorbian: Nedo brings it back (and r.:. .
1956, Nos.72a,72b; Turkish: cf. Eberhard/Boratar, 1953, No. 126IV, V; Russian.
Bvelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Gvpsy: MNK X 1; US-American: Baughman7966 Literature/Variants: Kretzer-. -- ,. -: .
Spanish-American, Mexican: Robe 1973; Argentine: Hansen 1957. Kretzenbacher L977 a, 65-BE.
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Danish: c: : ,,:
755C The Two Sinners (previouslv The Greater Sinner). A robber seeks tcr Christiansen 1963; French: De....:- -
do penance [Q520.1] for murdering ninetv-nine men or for murder- \os.632,633, Henßen 193r, \- -
Röhrich 1967, No. H61, Rölleke ,: i:
ing his parents [Q211.1] (for shooting at a consecrated wafer [C55.2,
i{aiding 1965, No. 304; Slor-er. :. .
Q222.11). After being rejected by several confessors [V29.1] he is 1962f .I, No. 7568*.
assigned the follort,ing penance by an old man: to "plant" a fire-
brand (live coals, sma1l tr,r,ig, are, garden) and to wait until it grol-:
i56D* Who is the More Dcr'.,:,.'
into a green tree [Q521.1.1]; to water the firebrand r,l,ith water Peter) asks Christ ii .::-
brought from a distance in his mouth [Q527.7.2]; to carry a bag ot to a widow who hi.l .. .
stones (one for each murder) on his back or an iron hoop on his head
of her only son (to .-r ': -, . -
till it falls oll[Q521.2, Q521.3]; to pasture black sheep till they be-
lw15l.
come white [Q521.4]. Furthermore he should behave mercifulh',
carry a traveler over a stream, and offer free hospitality to al1 te52i Literature/Variants: Basset 1 91=
sl. r rish: Ö Stiilleabhäin / Christr.ri-,.r -
For many years the robber does penance in vain until he inter- +rese: Oliveira 1900f. If No. 31ir. [, .-

cepts a man r,r,,ho is about to commit a great crime. The robber ki11s j'enu§liski 1989 Il, Nos. 167, 1::

§*§§§§
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1L4 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E- FFC 284

*756***;
Russian: cf. SUS, Nos. 827***, 845,\*; |ewish: cf. Gaster !924, Nos. 413a, 757 The Emperor's Haughtir:;:
DruZinina 1959,172f.;Syrian, Palestinian, Iraqi, Egyptian, Sudanese:
413b; Kurdish:
nessPunished). (Jor ir,.. -
EI-Shamy 2004.
God. When he batl-.e. ,.

away his clothes är1-i r:

756E* Charity Rewarded. Charity is rated higher than prayer or attend-
turns naked to the c,--,.:
ance at mass [V410.1]. Friends make a pilgrimage to Christ,s gravet
away. In his despai: 1- - .:
and another friend stays at home (on the way, in the shop). When he
when he asks agair- . - -
sees a poor man carrying a dead sheep (hen) in order to feed his chil-
The stranger u-ho i...: -i :.
drery he gives him money (and goods).
guardian angel arr.1 ::..:
When the pilgrims retum they say that they have also seen their
humbly in a goclfc-.-r:-:-:
friend who had stayed behind at the grave (their friend's name on
the table in church). So they realize that the soul of a person who Remarks: Early version docu::-::- .-
does good goes to Christ's grave. Cf .Type759A. (No. 59); oriental origin.
Literature/Variants: Varnhase:-., i'_
Literature/Variants: Basset 1924tr. Itr,36 No.27, 100 No. 70;Schwarzbatmlg1},212. lo1 No. 51; Wesselski 1q25, \ - :
Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1,99\ft.III; Irish: ö Sfitteabhain/Christiansen 1969, Nos. 1894,3015;Dahlke ---,.
1963; Spanish: cf. Meier 1940, No. 46;Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas/puchner 72-75 (M. Curschmann); E\I - , - -,
1998; Jewish: Jason1975; Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004;Jordanian: ]ahn 1970, No. Livonian: Löwis of Menar 19ll 1,.
32; Egyptiuy Algeriary Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004. Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999fi. II -r..:.
Cering 7882f .II, No. 42, BoL.e:: . : - -
7 55G* F aith Moo es Mountains [D77 66.1, D2136.3.7]. This tale exists chiefly Loldberg 1q98, No. L4l I ; t,. -:. .

in three different forms: 1997 I, No. 33; Hungarian: C',,::.

(1) A sultan orders that all Christians in his domain be put to Chircop le78; Czech: Tille t-_---
death unless they can, by the strength of their belief, move a certain Ca5parikovä 1991f.II, No. r-1S t,t , -,
mountain. 99, cf. No. 202,Iil, cf. No, 3ll
:-. -
A poor (one-eyed, blind) shoemaker accomplishes the miracle: Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrair,L:.:- : .
the power of his words pushes the mountain into the sea (along with Potanin 1912 No. 57; Svrian. F . ,:
the sultan and his courtiers). Thus the Christians are freed from their
Chinese: Chavannes lqlöfr. I. \
Klipple Iee2.
imprisonment.
(2) A bishop imprisoned by heathens must demonstrate the
power of his belief by moving a mountain. While he hesitates, a
758 The Various Children t i E-
youth in his service accomplishes the miracle by the strength of his
gives birth to a chil-: . -

beautiful, some ui
belief. The witnesses are so impressed that they convert to Chris-
beautiful children .rr-. ,_-:.
tianity.
(3) A Catholic craftsman uses his hammer to strike a mountairl
(She is ashamed ot r;-. -

some.)
which is moved into the sea. -.
When God arrir-e. _-

Remarks: This tale has been widespread since the Middle Ages. The oldest them to become kin:- ..
versio,n is by Michael von Tani and severus ibn al-Muqaffa,-siyar al-bfa al- wants her ugly chilJ:.
muqaddasa'(10th/11th century); see Matthera (XVLI,2O, it. XXl,it), and Luke sed as well. God de.:-:-..
(XVII,6). Popular as a proverbial phrase. tanners, shoemakers ,::- -.
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff.V1,186f. No. 353; Chauvin L904; cf. Meyer Upon Eve's prort -.
1914;PaulilBolte1924I, Nos. 683,684; Wesselski 1925, No. 66; Tubach 1969, No. and legitimate for the :-,.,-
3424;Uther 1981,3946; EM 5 (1987) 1270-t274 (H.-]. Uther). Sometimes Eve co:-.:.1
Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. *D1766.1,.L4; Hungarian: Dömötör 1992, No. 306;
Bulgarian: BFP, No. *756K*; Indian: Thompson/Balys 1958, No. D1766.1; Egyp- Remarks: Early version documer.:. -_-

tian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 7764§. Sachs, Dle ungleichen Kinder (.li:>
Literature/Variants: Dahnhardt . - -
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ra8ue.4s agl -
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aLI uaqg '(doqs aq] ur de.rt aqt i. -
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u1 dez*e
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416 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28- FFC 28.1

1939,223-229; Schwarzbaum 1968, 66; Schi,r,'arz 1973,200-204; Lefebvre 7980,72- No. 81, Goldberg 1998, Nos. 1225.A.
1B;Görög-Karady 1983, 31-44; EM I (1984) 569-577 (L. Röhrich); Geddes 1986: Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. J21i
Bluhm 1,997,759-171. 1900ff. I, No. 282, Cardigos (forthcc
Livonian: Loorits 1926, No.41i Wotian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Norwegian: 1968; Walloon: Legros '1.962; Gerrna
Hodne 1984; Danish: Thiele 1843 II, 141f.; Icelandic: Slmpson 7972,71; French: No. 12; Swiss: EM 7 (1993) 869; Itali
B1ad6 1886 II, No. 4, Tegethoff II, 56; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. IIIr Serafini; Hungarian: György 19-i4
Catalan: Oriol/Pujo1 2003; Frisian: Kooi 1994, No. 161; German: Henßen 1963 Czech: Tllle l929ff . I, 53ff ., 587f ., Dr-r
No. 1, Reherm ann 7977, 137, 495f ., Moser-Rath 19 84, 734, 751, 233, Uther 1 990a. 7991f.I, No. 153; Slovene: Keiemina
No. 65, Grimm KHM/Uther 7996I11, No. 180; Ladinian: Decurtins 1896ff. II, No Bosnian: Krauss/Burr et al.2002. \o
84; Italian: Cirese / Serafini 1975; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Serbian: Öajkanor.ic 1989 II, No. 100; Bulgarian: BFP, \o,
1929, No. 129, Eschker 1992, No. 76; Bulgarian: BFP; Polish: Bukowska-Crosse Jarnfl< 1890ff., 345f.; Greek: Dar,r-ki:r.
Koschmieder 1967, No. 62;syrian: El-Shamy 2004; Palestinian: Rosenhouse 19E4, Krzy2anowski1962f.I, Nos. 759, , !+
224ff.;Moroccan: Dwyer 7978,45f ., El-Shamy 2004. No. 796*; Byelorussian, Ukrainia::
Boratav 1953, No. 114; ]ewish: Gaste:
759 Angel and Hermit (prevrousll, God's fustice Vindicated) [1225.0.1]. A 1.992; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ti I
saint (Moses, Rabbi Joshua Ben Levi, St. Pete1, hermit) doubts God's Shamy 2004; Spanish-American. \ft
justice and blames him for sending suffering to virtuous people and Hansen 1,957 ; Egyptian: El-Shamr- l
well-being to bad ones.
O{, a saint asks God for the reason for his decisions, an angel asks 759A The SinfulPnesf.
Aman rr
a saint (hermit) to accompany him to see God's secret decisions, or, unworthy priest [\r31.1]
an angel and a hermit meet and decide to travel together. thirst. He finds a r,t'ell .rrhr
The angel (God's messenger) forbids his companion to speak or drink. When he also n-ant
to ask questions [C410, C417.1, C423.2, C491]. On their way the angel hand and says, "Whr- do,r
does many seemingly unjusi and cruel things: he kills the child and but you refuse to receit-e l
or the servant of a hospitable host and a man he meets in the street It is reprehensibie to sar-tl
[1225.4,1225.51; he repays hospitality by stealing a cup [J225.3], in-
the viitue of the man wh,
hospitality by giving a cup (present); he repays an inhospitable
Remarks: Early version documente
person by constructing a house (rebuilding a fallen wall); he des-
troys the house (harvest) of hospitable people; he damages (sinks) a
Sermones aulgares (]acques de \-itn
Literature/Variants: Banks 190.1f. L \
ship because of one sinner on board [1225.0.2,tJ27.3h he kiils the No.2672; EM 10 (2002) 1306-1305 rt
only cow of a poor \,\''oman; he offers good r,r,ishes to inhospitable Scottish: Bruford /MacDonatd 1B-1.
people, and bad wishes to hospitable ones. 1963; Spanish: Camarena/ Chevalier
Later the angel explains rt hy each of these strange deeds was 1; Flemish: Lox1999a, No.41; C.errna:
just. When the hermit sees the justification for each deed, he agrees Serafini 1975; Sardinian: Cirese Ser,
that none of God's acts should be blamed or doubted. God's deeds
are always justified. Cf. Types 759",840. 7598 Holy Man Has His Ott"n )
upbraided for not connin
Remarks: Theodicy legend, cf . Korsn (18,65-E2). priest realizes that he Ls a
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892tf. VIII, 157 No. 160; Rohde 1894; Katona 1900; at home, he is nearer io G
BP II, No. 683; Basset 1924ff .II, 399 No. 124, Iil, 83 No. 60, 327 No. 197; Coebel
1932, 116-747; Schwarzbaum 1960, 119-769; Haase 1966; Schr,r,arzbaum 1968, E
[cf. F1011.1, V29.3, \r{_]].
11,40f.42f.,61,B2f.138,157, I60,303, 1471.,158; Tubach 1969, Nos. 223,2558,2559 Literature/Variants: Frenken 1915,
cf. No. 815; EM 3 (1981) 7438-1,446 (H. Schn'arzbaum); Dekker et aI. 7997, 125- Ranke 1955b, 52; Tubach 1969, No. t,
127;Marzolph /Van Leeuwen 2004, No. 172. strahl: Kleider am S. aufhängen (Lr ;
Finnish: Rausmaa 19\2ff .II, No. 26; Latr.ian: Aräjs/Medne 7977; Lithuanian: Norwegiar: Hodne 1984; lrish: ö Sui
Kerbelyte lgoQff ;l;Swecl i'h: Wig.Irörn Bringeu> 1q85, No.32; \orwegian: 161ff. No. 25; French: Delarue.,' Ten
Kvideland/Sehmsdorf 1999, No. 22.1; Faeroese: N1-man 198-l; Irish: O Suilleabhäin '
Ampudia 1925, Nos. 130, 131, Can
Clrristiansen 1963; French: Deiarue/Tendze1,964ff .IV 1; Spanish: Espinosa 1946f., Vasconcellos / Soromenho et aI. 196_tf
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pueq s,radal e ruorl ra+em a)E] o1 luem nod op dq14,, ,sdes pue pueq la8ue aql de.ta.rraq] uO
.[I6f] : .
sn{ )req smerp radel aq} ,}l urory {u1rp ol s}ueM osle aq uaqM .Turrp ro leads o1 uoruedtuol srLI spr;-
o1 aldoad dueur roJ raleM sm€rp.radal e arar{zlt .}srrq} '.rat1la3ol
IIaM e spur} aH Ia^er] ol ala:t::
Jo 'suorsrJap laJJas s,po3 aa: .r, -
alqpreaqun Jo ruearp e urnl spuas poD '[I.I0^] lsarrd dq]to.uun
ue uroü uorunlrruror dloq azrraoar o+ sasryar uelrty .$aucl aqt ln{ry5 11691 »1se la8ue ue'suorsnap sq rol -. -
'
89' oN' 99 61 n ddol :uerroro14l 176 97 durugg-1g :uerldd8 g ! lg 6l uasleH pue aldoad snonur^ o1 8urra1;r.. :
:auqua8ry'ueJrlT olrand itl6l aqou :uerrxatrAl ,uejrraruy-qsr""ig§[[adrueqs s/po) slqnop (llruraq,ralad .l( .
-19 :rber1 tueru4sa1e4'rrlr4s ',.7161uauouned/r]gua>Is)a) :uPtr
I/snua ray):266r V' [1"' 0' 9ZZ[) (paprryuty at4stt l ; :
EqrnoqeH'I9'oN,eg961 do51,€6€ .oN iZ6I ß$e) :qsrarc{ 1711 .oN,€96I Ae}Erog
,6gL.soN ,SnS :uprurpDlll tuerssnroladg j*961 .oN
/preqraqg :qsDIrnI !*96l
'SnS:uprssnu 1€l 'oN,996I opaN :uerqros :96l,6gl'soN,I .JZ96I frls^touez/lzty1 'rg6I asnolluasou :ueruqsar"Stlit
:r{sllod 1866I raur{Jnd/se8a61 ?Z.oN ,6961 surymeq:)aarD :1gVg,.119691ryuw! -
:uerueqlv 1+f, ,lI6g6l /assorD-e>ls^ro>lng :qsrlod ldjg -..
69l'"A69l,***691,**69l,69l.soN äCg :uerre8lng 100I .oN rr.r.oue1[e3 :uerqras 19761 dor.rrq-l- :
I
DISrT§nuad /^o>1uada] :u€Iuoparel 169 'gg 'soN 'z0oz'p
F rrng / ssner) :uerusog 'oN'II'JJ96gI surynracl :uErurpt- -
!61'19'soN '266I ralqrsE :uprqras !66I",Ot6leuruala) :aua^ols a€gl .oN ,I.1166l ,t861
'e066I raqln 'E€z'I9I'ttl _ ...
gao4redsu3 :upr»€^ols 18992 .oN ,gt6l4ylo^e^ltgg,.ll€,91:ieietafr.l ,gr"r3 /€96I uaguaH :uEurraD 1191 cr1 .-
18L 'oN '2661 tele.uue6l ,11I
»NI I,96I .oN ,yg61 ÄBrctl1;:uurru8unll lrur;erag :ttt 'llgOOt rarTe^aLIJ / EuarEruL,_l -
/osarr] :uerurpres :916ltu]JeßS/asarr] :uprletl !69g (866D I I,{!{ :ssrMs 1ZI .oN :LIruarC ltl'Z16l uosdurg :rrLrLrE i,
'196I q+EU-rasoIN'69Z 'oN ,9€6I uaüuaH :ueruraD !7961 sotßa1:uoolle6 1g96I :uer8a,lt.ro51 1tr16I uauouned rlaL:- :.
rada141:r{sruralg 1Efg6I roo»:uelslrd 1(Sururooqtro) so8rpre3,ZgZ.oN ,l.llOOOt /
erra^rlo :asan8nlro4 :ggg7 p[n4 I 1oUO,V- gZZ[.oN,€66I pree8na111,lr"1n1n3
1996I sappaD 1(r1)rI{9U .1) ll9_"_=
llll'gSe6;' rarle^or{J/puarerue3 ,V.g.1ZZ[*,l.0.gZZ[.soN,g66I Braqp1o3,I8.oN
-Zl'0g6l ar^qaJa.I :frOZ*002,2 r 6.1 . t
sa1e1 snor8rlay i8z f:tg ü82 ldc F--l
,1
418 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E-i FFC 28,1

Sinninghe 19,13, 138 No. 401; Frisian: Molen 7939ff .lY, 173; Srviss: Jegerlehner Literature/Variants: EM 3 (19S. -
7907,2721t., Jegerlehner 1909,95 No. 19, 180 No.20, Büch1i/Brunold-Bigler Finnish: 1988ff. II, No. 40; Estr.i.,,.:.
1989ff. II, 450f., 584, 586f.; Austrian: Graber 7944,476, Geramb /Haiding 1980, No. 1977, No. 795; Lithuanian: K..:-.
1B; Italian: Cirese/Serafinil975; Greek: Laogräphia 2L (1963-61) 491ff.; jewish: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1971. \. --
Bin Gorion 1990, No. 189. Haller 7912, 128ff.; Hungariarr: l, I 1 ...
Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1991i ,, '.
759C The Widow's Flour. Apoor woman shares her small property with 1989 II, Nos. 108, 109; Buigan...:- _ :
beggars but loses her last flour (bread) in a storm. When some Creek: Kariinger/Myk)'tiuk 1',:-'.
traders arrive safely in spite of a leak (calm) she complains to the Djordjeviö/Milo5evi6-Djordjr-, : -. -
king (Solomon) about the injustice of the r,r.ind. In thanks for thei: .qq4, No.63; Ru:sian. Bvel,,rr -- .

rescue, the traders deliver a certain amount (of money) to the king \o.7q5; Azerbaijan: Achunclcr . . -=
to be given to the poor. At {irst they do not know rvhere the leak is
but then they discover that a flour sack plugged the hole. 7598 The Miller of Sans,strri: :
The poor woman identifies the sack as the one she had lost, an.-. already a buildir-rg ]- ,...
the king gives her the money as compensation. (The god of the (old woman, miiler . l=:.-
r,r,inds has to pay for the compensation) []355.11. rather than demolisi.,r:- : .
.

incorporated into th; :-..

Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff. 11,220, No. 152(10); Vries 1928, 327f.;EMv'
(1999) 488-490 (E. Schoenfeld). Remarks: Arabic origin; docLr::-.. :._
Finnish: Rausmaa 1992ff .II, No. 27; Jewish: Bin Gorion 1918ff. III, 67, 301, Gaster tj-f,ahab (No. 620). First appear. .. :
i.r personnagi illustri (262t.).
1924, Nos. 436, 111, Neuman 1954, No. 1355.1, Nor, 1963a, No. 47, Jason 1975
19BBa; Vietnamese: Karor,v 1972, No. 28. Literature/Variants: Schnerd.: - r. -
I,Vesselski 7928a,
50-60;,[acol. . ,- -
1999) 993-998 (U. Marzolph
759D The Punishment of the Angel. (Including the previous Type 795.) An
uerman: Exilium melancholi:. ' .:,
angel (the death) is sent bv God to take the soul of a rn idor,r, u,ith tu-c
,Jelmhack (1729) No. 177 (E\1 ..:_:-
children [8722.210]. He does not fulfill the task lÄ106.2,E754.2.2.1
V233.1]. Thereupon God, in order to show that he cares even for the
i39* TheHospitable tr4,ir7or, ,. J
smallest creatures, tells the angel to fetch a stone out of the sea
bll receives Cod .r r.: - '
where a small worm is hidden [D1810.0.1].
when God orders a r.. - .
The angel is punished by becoming deal blind or senseless, or he
bukes God for ingr.rh:-. -:.
is driven out of the sky. He has to do penance for his sin on eartl'
for tonight she r.r.ill l-r
[A106.2.1] by pretending to be human and bv ser\ring a man (abbot
.

Or, when the rr-idi..

hermit, custodian, farmer) [A1549.4] on earth.
wards her generoLrr...
As a servant he r,r,,orks for his master [D1811.2] but he acts in a
ridiculous and strange rvav, srniling mvsteriouslv [N456, M304]. Hr Literature/Variants: Chaur-in I : -_
mocks a man who buys shoes that rvill last a iong time, because thr rchwarzbaum 1968,47.
man will die soon. He thror,r,s stones at a church (wedding pro- - innish: Rausmaa lq82ft. lt, \
_.
cession) because he sees the devil there. He favors a pub because t1.rt {erbelyte 7999ft.II; French: Sc, -: .:..
people inside pray and ask for God's mercy. At the burial of .: :,,romenlo lq84f. I, No. 12,, \ ..
dignitary he behaves disrespectfully, while at the burial of a poo: -rinck 1940, 51; Swiss: MüIler,, \\'.: . .-
man he renders his reverence 1J225.8,1225.0.1.71. He mocks holr :rzy2anowski7962f.I, No. 75!rE -.
things and scorns a crucifix (holv statue, shrine). He contradicts ..
judgment, saying it is wrong. He insults a beggar for being in realitr
-60 The Unquiet Grazte. A i:-,. .

a rich man. When he meets an emperor and his brother, a bishop, 1-1. wives). After the man': j,- .

smiles because he recognizes them as the two pitiful children whc in the church [E411.1, e_
were the reason r,r,hy he had been punished, and lr,,ho had both the corpse. The clergln-.,- .
achieved high positions. By this the angel {inaIly learns something man and return him to 1-..- :
about divine justice.
 raq sploq asdroc aqt lng 'lZ'O't1tja,rer8 srg o1 urnr urnlor pue uer'u Surqlatuos su"real dlletrrJ [aSr.:, .
peap aq] a{el o} pred sr }ue^raspreru s,uerud8ralo aq; .asdroc aq} L{loq pPLl oLlM pue 'PrgrrLrn--
aas o1 a8euosred aqt ol euro) slsanD .[S.ttZö
,I.ITVA)qrrnq) aq] ur oLIM uarplrqr 1n;4rd o,ll.] alp :. _
(ure8e pue ure8e) s;eaddea.r asdroc srq qleap s,ueru aq+ raryy.(sanraa. ar-1 'doqsrq e taqlorq srLI plrp l,-- j:
'ap.,r,r) sagcueg lueu8ard aarq+ sn{ surnq ueru V ,aaut) lalnbun ar11 i1r;ea,r ur Suraq.roy ,re33aq r. -_ '-
Ogl
P slrrpeJluo) aH '(auuLIS 'ar.r:,-
'gZ 'oN 'q096I doN :qsrzvra{ ig69l .oN ,l.lZ96I »lsairouezdzr;tr iloq s1:ouu rH 'It 'l '0'92;l . . _
:t{srrod 1III )NI,{ :uerre8unll 10lI .oN ,lg6l ra4leMl ralln14tr :ssvlrs rlg ,0tr6t rrrs6l n Jo leunq aql ]P JllLl \
)rulcl
-qrpqlaTral/^{'Jr :upurraD 1(Surruoctp.ro;) so8rpre3 ZZI .oN ,I.Itg6loquaworos P Jo Ierrnq aql lV 'dr;atu : : -
.oN,6g6I
/ oquauoros :asan8nlro4 i€Z llnednos :r{ruarC !il. It666T Jldlaqray rLI] asneraq qnd e sro,re; aH ';.-r -
:ueruenq+I'l !116r aupawls[yry:u€r^]e'I jgz 'oN 'r|llzg6r eerusneu :qsruurc -ord Burppa,lt) qr;nqr p lE :!,.
'
IV'g96l unEqzre^\r{rs aLI]asne)aq'aur1 Buol e lspl I :
!l€9I'096I urneqzreMqrs igIZ .oN 6h ,IL-IJZ6}I ur^npq) :sluerrE^/arntErallT
rH'[t0{-A 'qEtN] .
e ur slre ^[snor.rr]-
aq ]nq [Z'ttSiO] rr:!:,-.
'691 'S1glsad.,fu'y3 dlsno.raua8 raq sprem
't.ll-lP.] t' -
-ar poD 'q;eordel +noqllm ssol rar{ sra}Jns lroprm aq} uaqm ,rO
loqqe) uetu e Sur,tlas dq pr,ru i.. .
',,atu r{}I1!{ aq III&\ aqs 1q3luo1 .ro;
LIU€a uo urs srLI ro; alueuad ,: --
'zvtoc
oql Jo paau ou seq aqs,, ,saqdar poD .aprql+e.r8ur ro; poD sa)nq
JLI ro',ssJlasuas ro purlq ';e:1. . .
-ar ralad '1§ 'zvroc dpo s,a,ropraa. aq+ mT o+ JIoM e srapro poD uaqM
'dep_1xau aql '[II3I»] ]q8ru aql ro] ratad .]S pue po3 se,rraoar d1q
'[to..,
Pas aLI] ,o lno auols e Llrlal L-rr
-e1rdsor1 (ueur) rvr.opr,r,r rood y .palfi» mo) qmoptM alqaqdsog aqa *6gL
aql Jo, ua^a SaJeJ aLI ]eql -\\Lr'!i. ,
,L.Z.Z.Vglt,Z.91IVI :.
'9'oN'ZL6l :ueq81y 1(a,trqrre ISet aqt l:_
^apaqal ,g0I .oN Wg.) llL.oN (6ZI) ))equrlaH
^jl6gV'16 (6941) oqcrrIESEJ o.{{l r{}I^t ,\,toprl\{ e Jo Inos alll .rt.i i-l
(€r9I) aerlor{ruelaru urnrlrxg :ueuraD
uV (g6L addl snor,ta;d aql Sr..:,-
6tNa:sw.oN,rr7661,qd1ozrcw:voz-o0z,rr";::J?1;;SrqJrtt??{,', j:Sjfl
1lZ6I rlslassoM jzl 'oN ,II.llVZ6I ]asseg lgggI rapraur{rs :s}uEuB^/arn}BralrT
'GZSZ) uqsnly ßauuosnd tp /Elbl uo\p['lt .oN ,ego6
1 i, 1
?Uqünwaw qp1'oßtog.D ul 0I9I ur adorng ur s.readde lsrlC .(029 .oN) qb4flp_pu ralseD /I0g 'lg 'III'lJgI6I" uor.ro- ,.
Fatnw'IpE,se141-p dq drnluar qrcI aql ur paluarunf,op tur8uo oiqery Lr1r"*"y
6Wl:ltzt, '826I satr^ r(ot)z:t .,
'[t'tffa] acepd ,trau oq] olur palelodrocur
aq ol +I slrur.rad.rayn.r aq1 ,Surppnq lerus eq1 Brmrs{ouap ueLI} raq}er '[1'ESEI] (LrLr.-. -
Suroq sry 3qso1 o1 spafqo pafqns srql asnerag .(raptu ,ueuroa,r plo) aqr 1o po8 aq1) 'uorlesuadr,u::
slcafqns sn{ }o auo o1 s8uolaq +eqi (pur ,asnoq) Burppnq e dpeaip puP /]sol peq aLIS euo aql sP jr: - -
sraraq] araqm ]lrnq sr aceled aa.au s,ralru V .nnog suog nlltry allt 'aloq aqt pa33n1d
1:.:. :
lo E16gl /sr
)Pal JLI] araqM Mou) ]ou r'l
't 'oN 26I uMorg/EpadEtr l .p :uerprq 1.IJggZ,gg6l^oplmlpY:uefruqrazy 1967 .ol\J 8uq aql o1 (.r(auotu;o) ltrnotir: -.
'9961 uose{:qsu,le{ 1964 .oN ,SnS :uprureDlll ,uerssnroladg ,uprssn5 109 .oN ?66I Jrar{} JoJ sTuEr{l ul 'pul^{ aLll l,r l
sapruourrs/sapruoturs :r{srlod iggI .oN ,9961 1.rafp.ro[q_gmaqoyyqTqr,re[proi6 aqt ol sureldurof, aqs (Lulpr) l::
:uerqras 1E6l'oN,9661 rauqcn4/su8a61 ,g€.oN ,7961nn14f,nÄ1lg/ra8qyre; >1aarp awos uaqM 'urrols e ur (pE.:_-
19€ 'oN /gt6luozeIN:ueruuqlv i96l .oN ,4gg :ueue81rrg:6OL,g0I .soN ,II
.oN ,II.1166l 6g6I t{i},rt d}rado;rd 1pr.us raLI sarprr> --
qsrlsnuad/^o>1uada3 :ueruopaJe1 I lg€g gno4redqeS ,rnr1n.oo1g
!lg9 ''H99'I'116Z6I aIII :qiazf, 1q6l .oN ,III »Nhl :uerre8ung :figzl,Z16I ßIIz;g
:uEulsnv lgZZ'oN'686I Ua))nad :ueruraD 196l .oN,V 16l ua]uour'.ed rtguraTsta)
/ :qsr.,na{ !'lll6t (h9-€961) 17 erq.i:__:
:uerlare» 196l .oN,II ,Z6.oN,I .11666l aldlaqra;tr:uBIuemDI.I :96l .oN,U6T 'oN'0g6I SurpregTqtueraD ,9IF
aupa61/sfgry:uehte.I 1*96l .oN /g16I aurev:ueruolsg jgf .oNi ,11 .#SSO1 qsluuld
'(urnuqzreaa.qrs 'H)
re18rg-plounrg/llqrng ,02 .o-\ -i
(lg6l) g :sluurre4/arnleralll
S07I-Ierl" IAtrg rauqalra8af :ssrms 1€It .l;OS.
tt
6L' sa1e1 snor8rlay fSZ fgj n8z lcc
ü
420 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

fast and asks her to bep; his murdered fiancdes' pardon rvhen thev Literature/Variants: Sprensc:'
come to the church. Thev agree onh, after the third time, r,r,hereupon Schenda lqob; EM 4 11og17 lt
the corpse returns to the grat e and finds rest. Dutch: Sinninghe 7943,77 \r. = -
In sorne variants a bo1.r,r.ho mocks the church (clergvman, Virgin Müller/Röhrich1967, Nos. H-- .-
Mary) is condemned and sinks to earth as a stone. Later the stone is Brentano 1979, No. 226a, Cri:-.-:- :
found and can:ied into a room r,r.here it iaughs and tells its storrr. A 1994, No. 266; Swiss: Mül1er er ,-
No. *838.4; Sorbian: Schu1er..'r.-.:.
special rvord cancels the cur:se and the corpse in the form of the
stone chanp;es to clust.
760"** Saloation in the Crn,l. t;
Literature/Variants: Feilberg 1914,74-98; Brednich 1990,138f.; EM 6 (1990) 63- tormented in purs...: :
65 (P.-L. Rausmaa); cf. EM 7 (1993)1408f. (1.lech). wants [o helpt th.
Finnish: Rausmaa 19821i. L No. 29, Jauhiainer-r 1998, No. C1401; Finnish-Sn,edish: certain tree. The ii:., : -

Hacknran 7917f . I, No. i60; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvi.rn: Aräjs/Medne 1977; the wood of this tre..
Sn,edish: Liungman 1961; Norr,r,egian: Christiansen 1958, No. 4020, Kvideland, 1.31.
Sehmsdorf 1988, No. 22.1; Catalan: Neugaarrd 1993, No. E111.0.2; German: ln some vanartr. .

Peuckert 1932, No. 178, Henßen 1955, No. 228, Henßen 1959, No. 7E, Müllerr his first mass, the :... --
Röhrich i967, No. J9; Austrian: Graber 7911,58f1.; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978,
No. -7608; Czech: Tille 1929 I, 3741.; Slor.akian: Polir",ka 7923ff. IIl, 372i.. Literature/Variants: Pauli 8., ,-
Ca§parikor.ä 1997f.I, Nos. 61, 331, II, No.406; Serbian: cf. KaradZiö 1937, Nos. 20, Swedish: Am Urquell N. F . . -
21; Polish: cf. Krzyzanor.r,ski 1962f. II, No. 4020; Russian, Ukrainian: SUS; ]ew.ish: Mü11er/Röhrich7967, No. I5t :, ,
Noy 1965, No. 61 .
708,224, Berger 2001, Nos. III - :,
Vernaleken 1858, 31f. 211i., ))-:
760A The Forgioen Skeleton. (Including the previous Tvpe 8828-.) A man
kills his wife (bride), dies (is executed), and comes back to haunt the 760A* The Death of a lliscr. ,
iiving. The dead man's bod\, (skeleton, skull, bone, hand, etc.) is re- The devil (his ,.,n- - -
mclved (because of a rvager) from the cemeterl,,. The dead man is carries off his boctr .
l^,.illing to be taken back to his grave only bi. the person (brave girl)
who had taken him out of it. (The skeleton clings to the girl until Literature/Variants: Schu-arz :-,: -
they reach home, I,vhere it explains that it could not find peace be- Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 197, : :-:: .

cause in its lifetime it had slandered an illegitimate chitd. It asks the Orto de Esopos 1q56, 2c)Ri. . , _

giri to beg the mother's pardon.) lqo2t. l. No. 7o0A; Rus*ian: - -

Once it has been forgiven the skeleton disintegrates to ashes and russian: SUS, No.760A., ci. \, . --
finds peace (deliverance). \o. 7608.; Jewish: Jason 19S:..

Literature/Variants: EM 7 (7993) 1a08f. (J. lech).

761 The Cruel Rich LILttt .,,; :
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 7977, No. 760; German: Ranke 1955ff. III; Czech: Tille conflict with his 1-ia:.:. - ,
1929ff.I,370ff., Klirnovä1966, No.20; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 79911.1, Nos.29, all tasks (gives hinr ... :-
61, 331,II, No. .106; Russian, Ukrair-rian: SUS, No. 760. the man learns that ::-.
and ihai it comer ir ...
760"* The Obstinate Child. An obstinate child (son) is disobedient and hits has happened, he i. -: .
(mistreats) his mother. He becomes i1l and dies. After he is buried, formed as well.
his hand keeps reaching out of the grar.e and will not decompose
[E411.0.1]. The authorities advise his mother to strike the hand with Literature/Variants: Erk/Bö1-rn... .
a stick until it is bloodv. It then goes back into the grar,,e and the chilcl 10 (2002) 836-840 (R. W. Bred-, --
is able to rest in peace. Finnish: Rausmaa 1912fl.II. \. . :
Aame 1918;Latvian:Arajs,/\,Iedr-.- -
Remarks: Documented in the 16th centurli e.g. Hans Sachs, Vor der Kinderzuclrt Stroebe 1915 I, No. 24; Porttreuc.-
(1s52). 224, Cardigos (forthcoming), \i --

.N
 '4961 uaguag '1n 'rJgg6l a)up6 :uerura):Z9l* 'o51 ,(Suruooy+to1) so3rpma,VTT
'oN'I 'J€96I 'lE la oquauroros/sollaruocsen :asan8nyo4!V7.oN 1 916I aqaorls ::pnzfiptlt».Lap uoA 'sqceg suu11 :
'Ir :qsrpal\{s fi 'y6661 .alf,pqta» :uellrenlFl'I llßIaryalNls[gry:uer,qe1 1g16I aurev
:ueruo+s[ 11088'oN /g66I uaurerqnel'I€,00'soN ,II.llzg6l €elusne5:r.{sruurC
.U) Lrlrqr aLIl pue a,re;r8 aql olrrl lr'..,
INg I(qrruparg 'M 0üB-9e8 (ZO0Z) OT
'(e1neg '-I) gth-gtv (1OOZ) t'tt
ruA'p 1€g 'lgg'lurr'eqztE^1'rps i6IZ.oN ,I.lE6gI aurqgg/>lra:slupuE^/arnlerallT lllpr puer{ aql a)Ir}s o} ra{loLi: :'
.
.sodtuorap lou llr,tr pup ,r.\r'.
'IIaM se paruroJ 'parrnq st aLI rauv'sarp puE : : :
-sue.4 Suraq Jo reeJ ro1 uo uar{l ruo.r; dlpuarrJ sI aq ,pauaddeq seq slrLIpue ]uarpaqosrp sr (uos) p . - ,-
leqm prolpuel sn{ slla} aq uaqM '(Urap) flaq uror] saurof, tI ]er{} pue
[Z'ruSö] prolpuel ar{} Jo ro}sarue ue sr asroq aq} }eq} sureal u€ur aq} '091 .
dlpurg '(urrg.roy s>lsel IIE sruro;.rad lelll asroq e urrq sarrr8) qsel IIE '62'soN'I' 1166l" e,ro>yredsul :,..
su.rolrad radlaq cr8eru srH 'prolpuul paueaq-prcq srq rür1vr lrrguo) allrJ :qraz3 1III 'U996I aluElr _.
.
e ur padlaq sr ralure, y .asrcH sllaa1 aql sa uu6 tptü pru) aqt IgL
'egg61 uose{ :qsmta{ 1*9091 'oN
'lr'"V091'oN'SnS :uerureDl1l !*9091,***VOgl .soN .p,*yl9l.oN,SnS :uerssnr pue saLISp o1 saler8alursrp LrLrl.r'r
!
-o1adg ****V09 l' **y 09 L'soN'Jr, *VOg l.oN,SnS :uerssny iv09l .oN,I. lZg6L
r4sitrcuezÄzt) 'Jr :r{srlod :(Sunuocqtro;) so8rpre3 ,.lg6z,996I sodosg ap oUO aq] s>lse ]I 'p1nl) a1etur1r8a11r r-ri. :
:asen8nlro4 :gZtZö'oN'g661 3roqp1o3 :qsruedg : U6I aupalN I s[ptV :uer^]e.I -aq aread pur; lou plnoJ lr lerr: -
' plun pr8 aLI] ol s8url] LroJalav: l
l€I' 89 6l urneqzr€.^ r{)S :slupuE^/arnlpralr.I
(prts a.r.erq) uosrad aqt dq.iprr :
'[gZlZö] (Uaq o+) dpoq snl J]o sarrrer sr Lreur peap aLII 'dralatua: au_
pue rury yo 1no dauour aql saleqs (lue,r.ras srq ,suos srq) p.Lap aqg -rr \r ('flä ipuPq'äuoq,lln)- L:
'sarp aq arolaq dauour sn{ s,\olle^rs rasrlu v 'fistw o to \loao a\t *Iog| aq+ ]unELI ol >lleq sauloJ pLIE '1 : r,
ueui V ('.gZgg ad,{1 snor,rard r- ,
'llg0l'ZII 6Z6l allrJ :q)az) !.!hZZ,.lIlZ.JIg ,g9gl ua)aleuro^
'Jr:u€lrlsnv169'II3E06T;aBurg:ssra,rg !€Z)
'soN 'I g66I rarün/sc ruul
L,IgIIII .so51 ,1697ra8ß1,VZZ,g0I
:,6IZ.oN 286I Irgg 'I9I.oN 296I rlrrrqgu/rallny{ :qsr,rta{ iSIfS :uErururll-1,uetssnl-
:ueluraD !9tt'IIl 'JJ?06I +oIIIqgS :r{)uarg :AU (VeeD g g .11 ganbrn tuv :r{srpa^ S
'02 'soN / lE6L )rz^pere» 'Jr :rrEre--,i ?:
'VIZ (Vg6T) V WA:116l aTueu iOg .oN ,I fZ6I otlog/qned :slueue^/arnt€ratlT
''lzlt 'ilI 'il€Z6I e)^rlod :r.rui\.
'9161 dor;rq3-pnslll tr :asatlpl\ : -,,
'lsar o] alqE aq ssollsar arü ,sselu sll{
IIrM Inos lsrrl /raln-1W 'gl 'oN '6E61 trayr-ra11 , -
sa^Jas ar{ uaqM 'lsarld e auroJaq }smu p11qJ aq+ ,s]u€uel auros uI :ueruraD :Z'0 LLiA 'oN /€66I i-. .
'[s't /puPlaph)'020t oN /g96I rris...
'I6LOhsar ol Inos aql sdel oqm ouo arp oq 1lZ6I aupalN/slpry :uerrrlel rS ..r
IIIM aa4 sn11 Jo poom aql
ruorJ apew (urgoc) alperJ e ur sarl oqm plrq, lsrr1 aqJ .aarl urepar :qsrpa^,\S-LISTLTLTIC 1tt]fll ,:,,..
e ;o gl.rtor8 aq+ de paura,ro8 sr uorlellps slr leql (dlaq o1 sluem
"t _.
or{,tr auoauos) dq-rassed e o1 sureldxa 11 .(d.roleBrnd ur paluarurol tq (Obbl)e 1,13 :'13g1 '0b6 I tl.
st) lsa.r ol alqeun sr ueur peap p Jo Inos ey1..alpat) aq+ w uo4uaps ***09L
'VZl'gzil aprog :auqua?ty:697,6991 Srnqualnqrs :uerqros 1vg€g* .oN at-]l Jo LuroJ aq] ur asdroJ arll r -
'9161do»w3-pnsJll tr :asatler\l 126 .oN ,I.ll9Z6I.lp ]a raIInIN isstwslggz.oN ?66I y ',(.ro1s slr sIlal pue sq8nel tr r.:. -
ralsnq)S roo» . sI auols aLIl ralp'I 'auols E sp LIJ_I. i
/ 2II'oN'II 9661 raqtn / I IH» Lur.urrD,egZZ oN, 616l ouetuatfa
, ,gLH,
/ urrurv 'ZT€, ^199I ll6f vvevrraqau 1I€.I lTH.soN 296I rplJr{gu / rallnl^l ur8rrn 'uuud8rap) qlrnllr aLIl s\.
'(anrqrre Wg) il (9691) raS.raqraH :ueruraD 1fL .oN ll,w6T aq8uruurg :qJlnCI 'lsal splrrl :.
uodna"raq.r,r'auul prrLll aLll r,)l r L
'tcvfr (066r) 9 v\a:nrz
GseD v INijI !996r epuaqrs
:V1Z-qZZ '€96I tp1urq)S 1Zq9-099 ,lI dg !16gl ra8uardg :sluuue^/arnturallT .{aq1 uaq.,r,r uopred,saaluErJ 1r... :
LZl sapl snor8rlay ,82 fJq r8z fJc
%
422 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 25] FFC 284

No. 88, Neumann 1971, No. 133; Swiss: Kuoni 1903, No. 294; Austrian: Haiding Remarks: Indian origin, ree /..-. .

1965, No. 31; Slovakian: GaSparikovä 1991f .I, No. 332 II, Nos. 418,492; Croatian: II 5). European versions see y.-. \
Dolenec 1972,No.12; Russiary Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; Gypsy: MNK X 1. o).
Literature/Variants: Chaur-irr j :' _
762 Woman utith Three Hunilreil and Sixty-Fioe Children. A childless Wells 1925,58f.; Spies 1951; Scl-.r. .
noblewoman accuses a poor mother of twins (triplets) of adultery Tubach 1969, No. 1681; Faulkre: --
1T587.1.1, whereupon the woman curses her to bear as many children
No. 448; Schmidt 1.999 ; Marzol:
as there are days (months) in a year [T586.1]. iinder morden einancler Iiurtr'.
Livonian: Loorits 1926; Latr ia.' r
In the absence of her husband she gives birth to seven (nine,
II; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin / Chri:tr-.,:- ..
twelve, thirteen, or more) children (sons) [T586.1]. Being ashamed
33; Spanish: Childers 1977, \t -r, -
she orders her servant to drown all except one. The servant meets Neugaard 1993, No. K1685, O:. .
the father on his return and pretends to be carrying puppies in the 395, Cardigos (forthcoming'); Fr : ..
basket. The father secretly educates the children and finally presents Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1971; 1,1,: .,
them to his wife and some guests. Guests and sons pray for mercy Il7, 238f ., Dvoiäk 1978, \o, t::
for the mother. From this time children of multiple birth have been Slovene: VedeZ 3 (1850) 79; Bulg:.: ., -
called Guelfs (Dogs, Trazegnies, Porcelets, etc.) [L435.2.1]. Cf. Types Byelorussian, Ukrainian: -- -
755,765. Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1971; L --.
Kurdovanidze 2000; Iracli, Q.rt:., :
Remarks: Early version in the 8th century by Paulus Diaconus, Historia Lango- tani: Thompson/Roberts 1961 I:- -,
bardorum (f 15) referring to Pliny, Naturalis historia (VII,3). Ikeda7971; US-Americar-r: Ra:-,-: - -
Literature/Variants: Nyrop 1909; Notes and Queries 251 (1923) 96 (A.Taylor); Iq73, No. 837- A; Brazilian: {
Wesselski 1925, No. 64; Schenda 1961,56; Brückner 1974,2I9,730f.; Gobrecht \4oroccan: El-Shamy 200;1; \is.: . -
1992,55-65;Eld9 (1999) 490494 (B. Gobrecht); Bondeson 2000, 64=94. I992; Ethiopian: Müller loo: - -
Norwegian: Hodne 1984; French: Tegethoff 1923 I, No.8, If No.31, EM 2(1979) 1982, No. 7.3.763.
538; Spanish: Chevalier 1983, No.44, Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.III; Catalan:
Oriol/Pujol 2003; Dutch: Wolf 1843, No.45; German: Moser-Rath 1964,No.263, 765 The Mother Who \|Lttis ."

Rehermann 1977,-l-38, 322, 429, 438, 492f., Rölleke 1983, No. 28, Brunnerf previous Type 765 \- :,
Wachinger l986ff. XII, No.2YogMl8, XIII, Nos.2Watl1,9S,2Welsl1,95; petzoldt dren (twins, her t1.ri:..r '.:
1992,293f., Grimm DS/Uther 1993 II, No. 521; Austrian: Haiding 1977b,No.235; father rescues the chr -r:.
Hungarian: Dömötör 1992, No. 408; Russian: Afanas'ev/Barag et al. 1984f., No. many years thev en-..::.
JQ2l1.8l. Cf. Tr pe- -:= -
105.

763 The Treasure Finilers Who Muriler One Another. Three (two, more) Literature/Variants: Kaufinr.r' .,- .
men (hunters, friends, brothers) find (rob) a treasure. When one of 9 (7999) 490-494 (B. Gobrecht
them goes to town to fetch some food, the others plan to murder one Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. II, \ -.
another in order not to share the treasure. Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1971; \- : .
Those who stayed kill (stab to death, drown) the one who left 1958, No. 13; Irish: Ö Süiile.::,-..,
when he returns, but they die later from eating bread (wine) which Chevalier 7995ff .III; Catalar.r: i'-
he had poisoned [K1685]. Cerman: Brunner/Wachinger I -:--'
In some variants Christ travels with some of his followers. When No.235; Hungarian: Gaäl 19;1, \.: :
7; Slovakian: Polivka 1923fi II r - j
they find a treasure he tells them not to touch it but to continue their
Bo§koviö-Stulli 7975b, No. J1; Ii-.. -,
way. Later two of them refurn secretly to take the treasure and they
765,765A*; Ukrainian: SUS, \. --,
murder one another. Cheremis/Mari: Kecskemdti Ir.: -.'-
Or, two men find the treasure and murder one another. When
Christ and his followers find them dead, Christ explains that this 766 The Sepen Sleepers, T;r. ::-
was the reason why he told them not to take the treasure.
dealing with person- -
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.Z9t,ggt seddl .13 .[S.ttZö]
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 FFC 284

Twelve children are cast into a three hundred years, sleep by an

A hermit (fern-m;
angel (only the eldest child st. peter is mentioned by name). rrt"y go
river. The child becorn
back in time, and they awake on the night when Jeius is born. From
the reason: that he L< (
then on they follow him as his twelve apostles.
giantis doubtfuf but t
(fig) tree. Thus he is co
I:-r1kr: Tale with legendary
Liber in gloria martyrurz (No.
traits (cf. Koran 1g,9_26), see e.g. Gregory of Tours,
Christophorus _ the n
94).
Literature/variants: Chauvin l1g2ff.v[, lo2 No. 376; Huber 1910; Bp ilr, 460;
Basset l924ff. rrr, 123 No. 78; Loomis 1948, ll5; schindler 1961, 1gs-1g9; Lüthi Remarks: Early version docurn
(Christophorus). The beginning
1962, 1910; Röhrich 1962f.1, 1,24-1,45, 274-2g0; Schwarzbaum 1.968, 45, 449; oi
Tubach1969, No. 4440; EM 1 (t972) 678-680 (H. Lixfeld); Fuhrmann 19ffi; karünger most variants start with Christol
1986, 25-28; Kandler 1994; Hansen 2002, 297-402; EM:, siebenschläfer (foith- Literature/Variants: Kirchhof Ct
coming). 266; Zwier zina 1909, 13G_158 ; Kl;
Finnish: Rokala 1973,121;.Lappish: evigstad 1g27ff.rr,No.4g; swedish: Liungman Schwickert l9ZL, L4-26; Rosenfel
1.39; Szöv6rffy 1959, 2j.2_230; Kre
1961, No. 763*; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Scottish: Briggs l970t. Al, 346f:., B I,
215ff., 336,8 il, 176ft.;rrish: ö srülleabhäin/ Christians .nüog;English: nu"gh*rn Tubach 1969, Nos. 985, 1049; Ben
1.966, Briggs 1970f . B II, 953,398f.; Spanish: Chevalier 1983, fro. 45; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Nonr
Catalan: 1964f1.M; Spanish: Camarena (
Neugaard 1993, No. D1960.1; German: Rehermann 1977,1gg,g,13,275f.;S22f.,EM
7 (1993) 1349, Tomkow iak t998, 2ST, GrimmDS / Uther tggi I, No. Sö2, 251, Janissen 1981,8ff.; Frisiar,- Ko
Grimm
KHM/uther 1996rrr, No. KL 2; Ladinian: Danuser Richardson isz6, No. 'D7960.1; Jegerlehner 1909, No. 15; Italian
Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Hungarian: Dömötör 1992, No. 395;.]ewish: Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 1049; Slc
]ason 1937, No. 21; Macedonian: öepren
1965,1975;laptu:rese: cf. Ikeda 1971;tJS-American: Baughman |966;Egyptran:El_
shamy.2004; Algerian: Lacoste/Mourilras 196s I, No.ä0, El-shamy i6ös;Nrutu- 772, 174; Polish: Bukowska_Giori
gasy: Haring 1982, No. 2.2.766.
769 The Child,s Graoe (ptertr
767 Fooil for the Crucifix. A pious (simple) boy offers bread to a statue [E324, E36I]. This iate e:
(crucifix, image of Christ or the virgin Mary). As his reward he is (1) A mother discor-
entertained in heaven lel72.1l. children. It is forced to c
weeping because it ha.
Remarks: Tale with legendary traits, documented since the Middle Ages, on the mother stops rre
Guibert
of Nogent, De pignoribus sanctorum (I,2,2). (2) A dead chitd reh
Literature/variants: BPrrr,4z44z7;paulilBolte!924r,No. 665; Reinhard 1925, shroud is so wet from ht
Ol OllS\v!:rffy 1957,141-15t; Tubach 1969, Nos. 761,1gT9,2115; Karlinger grave. From then on the:
1984ff.; EM 8 (1996) s17-s21(G. Tüsk6s/E. Knapp).
her chitd stays quiet in i
Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 19991f . II; Irish: ö SfilleabÄäin / Christiansen 1963; French:
Delarue/Tendzel964ff.IV 1; spanish: Camarena/Chevalier rggsff.Ill;'Catalan: Remarks: Version (1) documented i
Oriol/Pujol 20O3; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al. 1963f.I',No. 201, Bonum uniaersale de apibus (I1,5j.1.
Cardigos (forthcoming); Flemish: |oos 1gg9ff. I, No. 75; German: schönwerth Literature/Variants: Erk /Böhme I
1857ff.rr1,289, Grimm KHM/uther tg96IJl,No. KL 9; Ladinian: uffer 1973,
No. 37) 1107-1109; Meuli 1943; Alshei
4; Italian: Cirese/serafini1,97s; Czech: T1lle1929ff.rr1,z6ff.;slovakian: polivka
Busch/Ries 2OO2 1,1385_1391: H
1923f1.IV,66; Rumanian: Schullerus 192g, No. g27*;Greek:Karlinger/Mykytiuk
prep. ).
_t!02 §o 38, Megas/Puchner 1998; jewish: lason1965; Lebanesä, paleitinian: Uthuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff. Itr, ILrl
\9wak 1969, No. 334, El-Shamy 2004; Mexican: Robe 1973, Nos.767,767"A; 1963; English: Baughman 1966; Frt
Chilean: Pino Saavedra1960ff. tt, No. fOg.
Coldberg 1998, No. E324, Camaren
2003; Dutch: Eigen Volk 3 (1931) t6
768 st. Christopher anil the Christ Child. The giant Reprobus (Christopher) Cerman: Benzel 1962, No.200, \IüI
wants to serve only the mightiest master. Flrsf he serves the icing 1993, 257f ., 109, Grimm KHM/ L th
but leaves because the king fears the devil. The giant serves the ),io. 26, Berger 2001; Austrian: Haii
devil, but he leaves him when he refuses to pass airossroads. 7991f.I, No.254; Slovene: rcainz 1St
Poiish: Krzyianowski 1962f. II, No.
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issrmsllgz /€66I >Iermo)ruoI :ueurraD ierg6l roo) :uursuC i.JJg ,1961 uassruef ,197 /
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eqJ 'plro^t aql Io surs aql sarrre) oq^^ lsrJr{J sr aq }eql :uosear aq} urorC'uroq sr snsaf uag,u 111!r- :
sureldxa dlpug pue dals qtea qlrm rar^eaq saluoraq plqr aqJ .ra^rr oB daql '(arueu dq pauoquallr >
aql ssorre pllqo e drrer o1 luer8 aql s11a1
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126 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 281

of Menar 1914, No. 1; jewish: Jason 1975; US-Arnerican: Baughman 1966; Flench- Schell 1 892 183f ., 205f ., Lohmever
American: Ancelet 199,1, No. 27; South African: Coetzee et al.1967, Schmidt 1989 1993, No. 101.
II, No. 2150.
772 Wood for the Holy Cros
770 The Nun Who Saw the World, A nun (named Beatrice) breaks her ous legends dealing rtit
vow and leaves the convent (out of love or passion). During her from a tree in Paradise r
absence the Virgin Mary takes her place in the community [K1841.1]. rediscovered by St. Helel
When the nun returns to the convent the miracle becomes evident. [A2221.2.2, A2721.2.7, Z;
Adam's son Seth rrar
Remarks: Early version documented in the Middle Ages (1197), Giraldus
dying father. An angel ;
Cambrensis, Gemma ecclesinsticn (11,11,).
Tree of Life (Tree of Kr
Literature/Variants: Ward 1883 II, No. 27, 1II, 342; Watenphul 1904; Wesselski
grave. Latey, Solomon h
1909, No. 39; Guiette 7927;Tubach 1969, No. 536; Alsheimer 1977,123; Frenzel
1988, 81-86; Duinhoven 1989; Röckelein/Opitz 1990; Opitz 1993, 175-190, The beam does not tit s
Wilmink/Meder 1995; EM 10 (2002) 69-72 (M. Fenske). buried. It is discovered i
Latvian: Smits 1962ff. X,
B, 60ff.; Irish: Ö Stiilleabhäin / Christiansen 1963; French: the Crucifixion. Cf. Trlr
Delarue/Tendze7964ff .IV 1; Spanish: Chevalier 1983, No.46; Catalan: Neugaarcl
1993, No. K1841.1; Flemish: Meyer 1968, Top 1982, No.53; German: Bechstein, Remarks: Legends about the.rrc'r.
Uther 1997 II, No. 20; Swiss: EM 7 (1993) 872; Italian: Busk 1874, 2281f .; Czech: ryphal motifs in the 11th and lltir
Dvoiäk 1978, No. 536; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff. IV 1. Literature/Variants: Schirmer 1EE6:
Combes 1901; Delehay e 1907 , 36f _:
770A* Gucrydian Angel. This miscellaneous type includes different tales HDA s (1932 I 33) 487499 (A. |acot
dealing r,r,ith people r,r,ho are protected by an invisible being (angel 1962;Tubach 1969, Nos. 1339, 53ij:
r

Verfasserlexikon 5 (1984) 371f. I \\-.

from danger, injur1,, or acting badl1, [V238]. Examples:
8 (1996) 398401(D. Drascek).
(1) A priest offends the new (second) n ife of a prince. The princr
Finnish: Aarne191.2a, No. 131, Aa:n
wants to take revenge. He summons the priest, intending to shoot Livonian: Loorits 1926, No. 108; Scc
him. When the priest arrives, the prince instead invites him to Baughman 1966, No. A2721.2.7.7:
dinner. The courtiers ask the prince why he suddenly changed his 42721.2.1.4; Spanish: Camarena (
mind. He says that someone standing nert to him told him what tcr Cardigos (forthcoming), No. 756H:
do. No one eise saw such a persory so the prince thinks it must har-r. 214; Swiss: Büchli / Brunold-Bigl,e:
been an angel. Chircop 1978, No. *772A;Rumariar:
(2) A girl going through a forest is follor,r.ed by a manl,r,ho tries 1962f. II, No. 2445; US-American:
to rape her. She falls to her knees and pravs to God, and the man lets American: Baughman 1966, No. -{
her go. A fer.v days later he attacks another girl and is arrested. He is
asked w,hy he let the first girl go, and replies that someone was witl.. 772* The Flies Instead ofliails
her. prevent more nails being
(3) A clergyman who is disliked by his congregation is called tt
Literature/Variants: Dälmhardt 1 gi
go to the house of someone w,ho is dying. When he arrives he find.
401407 (C. Dauven-van Knippent
no one there. He thinks he was the victim of a prank and goes home
Estonian: Aarne 1918, Loorits 19_i
Years later when he goes again to a deathbed, he learns that the Djordjeviö 1988, No. 377; Greek ci.l
false summons had been made by someone who intended to ki1- II, No.2533.
him. But the villainsa\,\. that the clergyrnan was accompanied Lrr
someone else (ange1, man dressed in r,l,hite) anci gave up his plan. 773 Contest of Creationbetrt"
type comprises different 1
Literature/Variants: Schmi dt 1966,66f.; Molen 1971,778 121; Dekker et al. 199, devil as creators". [A17f,]
127-130; Lieburg 2000; Lieburg 2001.
tendency. Examples:
English: Eigen Volk 6 (1934) 172ff.; Dutch: Sinninghe 7943, 138 No. 361, Meder
(1) The creation of co
2000, No. 102; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyere 1925ff.II,39-42; Germar.
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.
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!
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:q)azJ :'llqaz,tlgl TSng :uEllE,-
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pree8na5 :uelete3 i9, .oN /EEo- -:
..711 adÄ1.JJ .uorxrJrrnrl aql :qruarl 1996; uasuerlsUr13 urr.- .-..
roJ ssorJ aq+ a{eur o} pasn aq ol aruq ur 1sn[ pa"rarroJsrp sr +I .parJnq '(a1su,.:
dlluanbasqns pue a8pr;q e se pasn sr ]r os lIJ ]ou saop rueaq aqJ !O6t-9lt't66L 4IdO !9661 z:-.:
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Iazua.rC _
lnJ aaJl srq+ seq uor.uolos ,,ra1u1 .arrei8
ryslassag 17961 lnqdr-raleg 1at:
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aql ruorJ (paas) qcuerq e pealsur urrq sa.l,r8 la8ue uy raqley Surdp
snplErrD '(rcU) se8y a1ppr11 .-
sry o1 lorau Io aarl arp Luor, po Surrq o+ sluem q+as uos s,urppv
:
saldurexg' IZSCZ' t' Z' tZlZV,Z. Z- IZZ1V) 'luapr^a sauroJaq a[]e.rrrlr aql _ -.:
(snr1ee.ra11 roradtug atp dq pararrorar pue eualaH .1S dq para^o)srpar 'I t' LtS
t y],{lrunLuuo) dLl} ur r.
ssor3 d1o11 aq+ luolx-rJpnrJ s,snsaf ro, pasn asrpered ur aa4 e wor] raq Strr;nq '(uotssed ro oÄol r ,
poom) ssor3 d1o11 aq+ ro; pasn poom arll q+I^{ Surpap spua8al sno raq s)earq (eorrleag par.uplr) ,.r:--
-uea sasrrdruoc addl snoauellarsrru sIqJ .ssot3 ß1o11 aql n! poo1y1 ZLL
,t,I 686 t lPlLtrtlrs ',196L 'Ie la aaztaot -.
Llrr-Lrparg'€9I 'oN '166I raqrsrC .oN ,9761radatuq o-1,.!g0z,
rttiq:;)rr:i3: -qluarC 19961 uetuqBnpg :LrelrraLi.L
sa1e1 snor8rloS tSz lcc ,82 llc
rc
428 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC 284

tures in competition with God (often copies the creatures God KHM/Uther 1996 IV, 359-3bl :
made) 1A1751,1. American: Hansen 1957. No -l-:.
(2) The devil tries to create humans but fails, and instead he 60.
creates certain animals 1A7755, A1811, A1833.1, A7862, A18931. For
example, God makes Adam out of clay and the devil tries to copy 774 Christ and St. Peter. .:- .
him. He shapes the clay and blows life into it, but it turns into a about Christ ancl S: l.
monkey. In other variants, the devil makes inferior races of humans. creating the u,orld. C:
(3) The good principle competes with the bad one, as God and 785,785A,791, E(]L r _
the devil create various animals. God creates a wolf which is called
"God's dog", and the destructive devil deliberately creates goats Literature/Variants: Dährha::.,
777f., 205, 2621., 343, II, 82_S. ::
[A63.4]. The devil's animals devour God's animals 1A2286.2.1.1. i46; Nagy 1981; EM 2 (797c) -_=_-
( ) The devil's animals are brought to life by God [A1217]. The Wimmer), 814-BZ4 (S. Neum::- -
devil shapes some animals but only God (the name of God) can French: Delarue/Tenöze l9t-: -'
bring them to life. When the devil refuses to utter God's name, the Nos. 7745, 774Y, Gonzälez S,::-: -
animals remain lifeless [A17561. Oliveira 1900iII, No. 266, Soro:-- -
=: --
(5) God takes the devil's animals. The devil creates (owns) ani- (forthcoming), Nos. 774*0, , .
mals that God wants for himself. God alters the appearance (colors) Stroescu 1969, No. 4145.
of the devil's animals so that he cannot recognize them [A1750ff.,
K4831. 7744 St. Peter Wants to Crt,i.:,
beheaded person). Hr .: -
Remarks: Early version in 16th century literature, e.g. Hans Sachs, Der dewffelhat Peter consoles hinr.. ,

die gaiserschffin, hat in dewffelaugen eingesetzl (1556). could becom€ ä rol-c-i

Literature/Variants: Dähnh ardt 1907f .I, 164-205;BP lll, 199; Lixfeld 1968;Lixfeld working.
r971;EM1(1977) 138; EM 2(1979) 581f.; EM 3 (1981) 903-91.8 (C. Daxelmüller);
In some varianr. L
ElM7 (1993)99;EMB (1996) 833-835 (R. W. Brednich); Schubert 1999.
Finnish: Aarne 1912a, Nos. 81, 84, Aarne 1920, No. 105; Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. awoman and the de,. -,
58, Loorits L949ff.I,276f.; Lithuanian: Balys1936, Nos.3081-3235,8a1ys1940, When he puts the ht... : . :
Nos. 124-13O 1,39-1,46,152; Danish: Kristensen 1.871-ll.VI, Nos. 329,330; French: is said that women i-:- .
S6billot 1904ff .Ill,4; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ft.III, No. 7738;Portu- 7169.
guese: Oliveira 1900ff. II, No. 338, Cardigos (forthcoming), Nos. 7738;Frisian:
Poortinga 1972 Nos.226,227,237)39, Poortinga 1980, Nos. 145-147; Luxem- Literature/Variants: Schr.r'arz.:-,: -. :.
bourg: Gredt 1883, No. 845; German: Bartsch '1.879f. I,518f., Grimm KHM/ (1996) 264-268 (R. W Brednici- :l
Rölleke 1,986II, No. 62, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996III, No. 148; Italian: De Nino Swedish: Liungman 1961, \c .:
1883f. IV 79; Rumanian: Schullerus 192& No. 106; Polish: Krzy2anowski l962f.lI, Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Cerman: :.'
Nos. 2490, 2491,,2621,, cf. No.2490, 2492;lewish: Neuman 1954, Nos. A50-A54.1, 232, Kapfhamm er 797 4, 124; Au.=,, :.
460-463.8; Siberian: Holmberg 1927, 315f .; Iranian: Carnoy 1917, 261f ., 275; No. 30; Hungarian: MNK III; Cz= -
Indian: Thompson/Balys1958, Nos. A50, 460, A63.1.; Hawaiian: Beckwith 1940, 79911.il, Nos.412,561; Greek: :: . :
45,61,,Kirtley 1971, No. A1217; South American Indian: Wilbert/Simoneaul992, Boratav 1953, No. 289; Kurdrsi^. ,. -
Nos. 41750, A1751; Namibian: Schmidt 1989II, No. 160.
7748 St. Peter Cannot Sell H:,
773** God and Deoil Dispute ooer Miser's Soul. God says the devil may fects.
have the soul of a miser if he can fill a cask with money. God knocks
the bottom out of the cask and hangs it in a tree over a gorge. The Literature/Variants: Wesselski l y .
devil is unable to fill the cask and leaves the soul to God. Cf. Type French: Delarue/Tenöze 196-1ii.,-
1130. MNK III.

Literature/Variants : Schwarzbaum 19 68, 1.01.. 774C The Legend of the Horst s;:
Spanish: Espinosa 1946f., No. 88, Camarena/Chevalier 1,995ff. III; German: St. Peter is unwilling :i .
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.
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sa1u1 snor8rlay ü82 ICC ,82 tJ-{ ,:.- -
430 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC 284

sells it and buys cherries with the proceeds. He drops them one by No. 85; French: Delarue/Tenizt - :'
one on the way and the thirsty St. Peter has to bend over to pick up I46f., Cardigos (forthcominq l
every single cherry. 1975; German: Meier 1852, \rr : -:
69; Hungarian: MNK III; Czec:-
Combination s: 77 4D, 77 4Il. 132; Creek: Megas lqb3i
Literature/Variants: Bolte 1898, 303-308; ZNk.35-36 (1925 126) 180; Schwarz-
baum 1968, 109; EM 6 (1990) L292-1297 (G.Tüsk6s, E. Knapp); EM 10 (2002) 814- 774F St. Peter witUtlr, P;1j.,i.,,
824 (S. Neumann). going into a pub r., :-..:.
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Llthuaruan: Basanaviöius/Aleksynas 1993f. II, No. brating. Christ put: j.. '
101, Kerbelytö L999ff. II; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; French: Delarue/Tenöze to the people that 1-.. :.,-.-
l964ff.M; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 19951f.I[; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol2003; him.
Basque: Frey/Brettschneider 1982,98f.; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et
al.1963f.I, Nos. 130-132, Cardigos (forthcoming); Flemish: Meyer 1968; Walloon: Remarks: Early version in tl= -:

Legros 1962;German: Benzel 1965, No. 100, Tomkowiak1993,258; Swiss: Lütolf hochzeit (1551).
1.862, 110; Ladinian: Uller 1945,51; Italian: De Nino 1883f. IV 68 No. T,Toschil
Literature/Variants: Dährlhar.l:, : -
Fabi 1960, No. 43; Hungarian: MNK III; Czech: Tllle 1929ff.I, 581; Slovakian: Danish: Kristensen 1884ff. L \ -- --
Gaöparikovä 1991f . I, No. 257; Slovene: Kontler/Kompoljski 1.923f. Il, 1.4ff., 1955, No.275, Neumann 196:'r- -
Karlinger/Mykytiuk 1962 No. 25; Croatian: GaällNeweklowsky 1983, No. 7; 1969, No. 157; Ladinian: Uiier --=:
Bulgarian: BFP; Greek Kretschmer 1912 No.54; Polish: Krzy2anowski 19621.1, garian: Cyörgy 1934, No. 9l t : ,

No. 752D; Ukrainian: SUS; Gypsy: MNK X 1. Ca§parftovä 1991f .I, Nos. 1i.r . :
Rumanian: Schullerus 192S. \: -
774D St. Peter Acts as God for a Day. A girl takes her goat (cow, pig, MNK X 1.
goose) to pasfure and leaves it, saying, "May God take care ofyou!"
Thereupon St. Pete4 who is taking God's place, has to run every- 774H Christ Puts Knots in \'t
where after the goat[L423]. Christ to make rr. . -'
Christ makes the b:. ' :
Combinations:774C.
Remarks: Early version in the 16th century see Hans Sachs, Sant Petter mit der geiJl Combination s:774C.
(1.546).
Literature/Variants : Däh nir,., :.- :
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1907ff. II, 188*190; EM 10 (2002) 814-824 (5. Neumann).
Neumann). Spani:h: Camarena /Cher,: .

French: Delarue/Tendze 1964ff. IV 1; German: Schönwerth 1857ff . lll, 298, Tinneveld 1976, No. 111; Fn:r::- :
Henßen 1955, No. 276,8en2e71962,184; Swiss: EM 7 (1993)872; Austrian: Mailly Henßen 1935, No. 102, Per.rc.=:.
1926, No. 1.64;Ladinian:Uffer 1945, No. 17; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975; Hun- Mailly 1926, No. 165; Ladin;.,:- , '
garian: MNK III; Czech: Tillet929lf.I,780f.; Slovakian: Ga§parfkovä 1991f. II, No. Iille 1929ff . I, 588f., Jecl-r 1i,.-- - -
546; Slovene: Flere 1931, 53ff.; Serbian: Djordjeviö/Milo5evi6-Djordjeviö 1988, Erddsz/Futaky 1996, No. 1!,. I.ll,r
Nos. 109, 110,365; Croatian: GaällNeweklowsky 1983, No. 34;Gypsy:MNKX 1;
Egyptian: El-Shamy 1980, No. 29,Bl-Sirramy 2004.
7741 Why St. Peter Becnr:; 3.'
a farmwife (baker.,
7748 St. Peter Gets Permission to Gather Grapes. St. Peter returns to
Christ and hi.le. rlj.
heaven late and says that in prosperity men forget to pray. There-
all his hair off [ci. I - :,
upon God sends rising prices to earth. This time St. Peter returns to
In some vanarrt- :.
heaven quickly and says that now all the people pray and ask for
pub that he loses ai- :- '
God's help.
Literature/Variants: Dähnharel:, : -
Remarks: Early version in the 16th century see Hans Sachs, Sant Petter kam auf
7991f. 11, 1153; EM 10 (2002 ) :1 -- r _
erden (1,546).
Lithuanian: Dowojna-Sviu-e s i:,-
Literature/Variants: Köhler et al.. 1.894, 75f .; EM 1,0 (2002) 81,4-824 (S. Neumann).
Camarena/Chevalier 1995if. II1 -..
Karelian: Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974, No. *845; Danish: cf. Grundtvig lls[lt.llJ.,
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432 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC ]! :FC 284

German: Henßen 1951, No. 27,Benzel1965, No. 99;Italian Cirese/Serafini197i; 774P St. Peter and the \ttts.
Hungarian: MNK III; Slovene: Zupanc 1944a,74ff. creation and complair-.. .
Christ (God) lets gor-r:J.
774K St. Peter Stung by Bees. St. Peter becomes angry at Christ for des- (walnuts, acornsi pe.r:.-
troying the harvest of all the farmers because of only one sinner. But acorn falls on St. Pe:-:
he himself drowns a whole hive because of one bee sting. When natural phenomena.
Christ points to the parallel, St. Peter is subdued II22S.O.Z).
Or, St. Peter protests when a ship is sunk by Christ because one Remarks: Important literan t:.-. .

sinner is aboard. Christ sends him to fetch honey from a hive. St. .radition: are found from tlic l::
Peter crushes all the bees when one stings him. Literature/Variants: Schr,r.arzi. :. - ::'
1991,26-28; EM B (1996) 633 rr- .
Literature/Variants: Szöv&ffy 1,957,1L9f .; Schwarzbaum t979, väi,345 not. 16; S. Neumann).
EM 10 (2002) 814-824 (S. Neumann); Hansen 2002,32913-J.. Spanish: Camarena / Cher.alier -. :
Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999lf.rr;Irish: Ö sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; Frencr"r Oliveira 1900f. II, No.236, Car.j : .
Delarue/Tendze1964ff.IV 1; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier LggSff.III; Catalan: \eumann 1973, No. J6; ltalian:.
Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al. lg63f .I, No. 135, 1992, No. 427;Macedonian: P...-,
Cardigos (forthcoming); Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: Merkens lB92fl.III, No" Uvsal 1986, 119; Jewish: Jason . --:
68, Zender 1984, No. 49; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafint1973; Hungarian: MNK Itr; \o. 18; Saudi Arabian: E1-Shal:. -
Slovakian: Polivka 1923ff . IV 24; Slovene: Kontler / Kompoljski 1922f . II, 114; \o. *lo8qB; Egyptian: cf. f i-: ,:
Croatian: Bo§kovi6-Stu11i 1975a, No.5; Ukrairüan: SUS; French-Canadian: De1arue,
Tenöze 1964ft.IV 1; Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004. 775 Miilas' Short-siglrtcLl \,,
(Silen) to Midas (to a :-.--
774L Mushrooms from St. Peter's Spittle 1A2673.11. St. peter receives a the educator of Dior-,.. . .
cake (pancake, bread) from a woman and eats it secretly. When and then hands him - -
Christ talks to St. Peter he tries to hide what he is eating and spits it Midas a wish.
out. Afterwards mushrooms grow from the cake. Cf. TypeTTa!. He wishes that eve:
Even his food and .l .-:-.
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 19071f.11,lO7;EM2 (1979) 819f.; EM 10 (2002) Dionysos to take bac... : -
814-824 (S. Neumann).
bathe in the river P:. -
Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff.1l1,53 No. 1.1.2.16; German: peuckert 1932, No. 16g,
Benzel 1952, No. 211; Austrian: Depiny 1,922,349 No. 205, Schlosser 1956, No. 91; gold.
Italian: Cirese/serafirul975; Hungarian: MNK III; slovakian: Ga5parfl<ovä 1991f. In some variants \', -: : ,

I, No. 138, II, No. 573; Slovene: TomaZiö 1942,2031f.; polish: cf. krzy2anowski
1962f.II, No. 2636, Bukowska-Große/Koschmieder 1967, No. 49; Byälorussiarl Remarks: For the story of NIir1.... .-
Ukrainian: SUS; Gypsy: MNK X 1. Literature/Variants: Kirchl-roi C..
1924 I, No. 180; BoSkovi6-Shr11i t..l-
:41 (M. Bo§kovi6-Stu11i); Thiel l
774N st. Peter's Gluttony. Christ keeps asking questions of the gluttonous
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Li:- . .-
St. Peter so that he must continually spit out mouthfuls in order to 13375; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin7'C1-.: .
be able to answer. i\/ 1; Spanish: Camarena/Cher-: .

Literature/Variants: Cf. Schwarzbaum 1989a, 295; EM 10 (2002) 814-824 (5.

Bakker 2001, No. 35, Kooi 200i, \. :
.q77, 135,325 No. 20, Moser-R.
Neumann). -109; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No.
-rli -
French: Delarue/Tenöze 1,964ff.IV 1; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier L99Stf .W qarian: BFP, No. 775, cf. No. -il:- _
Gonzälez Sanz 1,996; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; portuguese: SoromenhoT' 1998; Polish: Krzyzanowski 1961: -
Soromenho 1984f. I, No. 144, Cardigos (forthcoming); Austrian: Zingerlei \o. 775; Jewish: Gaster 1924, \c, =:
Zingerle 1870, No. 19; Italian: CireselserafinilgTs; sardinian: Cirese/seiafini; No.48; Indian: Mayeda/Brt-',. :-
1989,
Czech: Tllle 1929ff.I,590, 6021.; Slovene: Kosi 1890, 25f., Karlinger/Mykytiuk 1910ff.II,7; Chinese: Ting 1978; F:.:-
1962 No. 25; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tendze 1964ff.ly 1. Egyptian: E1-Shamy 2004.
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134 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.+ FFC284

777 The Wandering leu. Christ carries the cross to Golgotha. When he duce it, he replies t1.,.:. . -
wants to rest for a moment, a.[er,r, (shoemaker), rvho otvns the house he discharges his prr.- 11- 1-
there, does not permit it. From then on the Jer,r., has to u,ander about the promise at all f Kl.
on earth forever, unable to die [Q502.7, cf . A221 .3). Cf. T1.pe 7508 (7). Version fror.n th. l.l --

to St. Michaei fear. ._-. -

Literature/Variants: Köh1er/Bo1te 1898ff. I, 406; Anderson 1965; Schl.arzbaunr
to sacrifice the ca I i ', '. ' .
7968,65,100,441,182; Tubach 1969, No. 2801; EM 7 (1977)227 (H. Lixfeld); Schwarz-
was foolish to e\f , .
baum 1982, 77f .;EM 4 (1981) 577-588 (O. Schnitzler); Hasan-Rokem/Dundes
1986; Frenzel 1988, 15-21; Dekker et al.1997,400-404; Hasan-Rokem 7999,93- the farmer calls fr.: :-. :-
102. pr-omises [o >acr.tr., .

Firrnish: Rausmaa 19821f.11, No.33; Estor.rian: Aarne 1918, No. 75,1*, Loorits 1959 discharge his prt, r- , - -
No. 144; Livonian: Loorits 1926, No. 754*; Latvian: Aräjs/N{edne 1977;Lithu- together with tl-re .::- --.
anian: Kerbe11,tö 7999ff .Ill, 436 No. 1.2.1.10, 443 No. 1.3.0.1; Lappish: Qvigstacl
192711.il, No. 49; Sr,r.,edish: Liungman 1961, No. 754***; Norr,vegian: Hodne 1984r Remarks: Aesopic fable (pe:: , - .

Danish: Kristensen 188,1ff. I, No.5; English: Baughman 1966, Briggs IgTOf.BII Literature/Variants: K i rchl-
597f.; French: Delarue/Teneze 1.964tf.IV 1; Spanish: Chevalier 1983, No. 4i No. 2; Bebel/Wesselski 194. . _ .

Camarena/Chevalier 7995Lt.ilL; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveir.: I, Nos.304,305; Tübach 1969 \ . -
1900f. II, No. 365, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Kooi 1979a, E0fr'.; Frisian: Koor Hansen 2002,435-438.
198,ta; Fiemish: Joos 1B8gff. 1, No. 38, Boone 1999 II, 11EOff .; Luxembourg: Gredt Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. \ I \,. -
1883, No. 906; German: Bechstein/Uthet 7997 II, Nos. 2E, 32, Grimm DS/Uther Swedish: Hackman 1911. -i5: :,
1993 I, Nos. 743,344, Kooi/Schuster 199,1, No. 49; Sr,r.iss: Jegerlehner 1913, No. 39: 1984, No. 1553.4*; Danish: K:.. - -
Austrian: Depiny 7932,93 nos. 60-64, Maili1. 1926, No. 150; Ladiniarr: Danuse:. Nos.36, 52,170-119,552-5li: .: .-
Richardson 1976, No. Q502.1; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975; Hungarian: Györgr Spanish: Chevalier 1983, \ir -: _
1934, No. 1, MNK III, Dömötör 1992, No.436; Slovakian: Polivka 1923ILlV,27i Chevalier 7995ff .LII, Coldl.er. ,: -
Serbian: KaradZi6 1932 No. 43; Polish: cf. Krzy2anorvski 1962f. I, No. 754*; Bvelo- No.423, Cardigos ([orthcon- . _
russian, Ukrainian: SUS; US-American: Baughman 1966; French-American: 19o4,5,o l3l; Flemi'h: \1, .:
-1553A,
Ancelet 1994, No. 94; Mexican: Robe 1973; Chilean: Pino Saavedra 1960ff. II, No Legros Pb2, IOI : L,.-
101. B2*, Rehermann1977,139, lr,- ..
Cyörgv 1934, No.24B, N{\1,,, :
777* The Flying Dutchman. A captain (Dutchman) is unable to sail around .r Serbian: Öajkanovi6 1927, \i ,_- -
cape (reach a harbor) because of a strong r,vind. He swears that he 1972, No. 48; MacedoniAn: \ "

will reach his goal, even if it takes forever. (He is condemned to sai- Stroescu lq69 Il, Nos. -{7. o l--
garian: BFP; Greek: Megas Ir-; -
forever because of his sins.)
778, 848.; Turkish: Eberhar.l I , , -
Ordinary saiiors who encounter this ship believe it to be a ghost Gypsy: Krauss 1907, 25f .; Irat...:-
ship (they see it in different forms). Often its cren,give them letter:
addressed to people n.ho died long ago. lq77ff ., No. 1553,4-; We-r I'--:
Meeting the Flying Dutchrnan portends storm, shipr,r.,reck, or
death [E511 E512]. 778* Tzoo Candles. A pirr..r: - .

the image of) Goci {.: ::: -

Literature/Variants: Gerndt 1971; MacDonald 1982, No. E511.1.2; EM 4 (1981

1299-1305 (H. Gerndt); Woeller/Woeller 1991, 181-200.
the devil [V55] (cr - .--

Irish: O'Faolain 1965, 1Bf.; Frisian: Dvkstra 1895f. I, 76; German: Gräße 1B6gf. IL
why he does thi.. ir. .

No. 1218, Mackensen 1925, No. 6.1, Wiepert 1964, Nos. 28, 30, 38, 1I, ll,82. end up. So iI ir rr r-.

Remarks: Earlv version doclln.Ltrr- .

778 To Sauifice a Giant Csndle. (Including the previous Type 1553,{- Sturnnn predicantium (A XX,9)
-

A sailor (farmer, Gyp.y) in distress at sea (in a difficult situation

promises to sacrifice a giant candle (as high as a mast, as long as a
Literature/Variants: Wickram E .
51; Pauli/Bo1tel924I, No.9l; El.t -
pole) more expensive than he car.r afford. When he is askecl to pro- Spanish: Chevalier 1983, No. -t:i :-
-
Chevalier 7995ff . I\, Gonzä1ez :,.:- _

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p6 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2S= FFC284

1.984f .I, Nos. 271, 272, Cardigos (forthcoming); Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: lexikon 9 (1995) 616-620 (F. Rä; .
Moser-Rath 1964, No. 21, Moser-Rath 1,984, 1,68,291; Swiss: EM 7 (7998) 971; Finnish-Swedish: Wessman 1yr - l.
Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 854*; Hungarian: Dömötör 1992, No. 389; Rumanian: Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. C--
Stroescu 1969 I, No. 3259; Polish: KrzyLanowskl 1962f .I, No. 940A; Russiarl (forthcoming), No. 7778;Gern-.--.- l
Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS. 156 No. 33,368f . No. 9, Gnmm t: -
Nos. 3, 28; Hungarian: Cr-örgr -:-
779 Miscellaneous Dioine Rewarils and Punishments. (Including the
previous Types779A*-C*.) This miscellaneous type comprises vari- 779F* Mass of the Dead, T':- - -.,
ous tales dealing with divine rewards and punishments from God (1) A woman (n-,a:-
(Christ, St. Peter) for mothers, fathers, childrera orphans, poor per- church service (durir: -,
sons, emperors, kings, queens, robbers, etc. for piety, generosity, to church. She iinJ. l -
tolerance, birtfu crime, blasphemy, laziness, etc. shipers - ii is the \l-'--
tells her [o lear y. l.-:: :

Literature/Variants: Chauvinl992ff.Il,219 No. 152(7),VII,136 No. 132, 169 No.

185; Jason 1999, L29-144.
clothing behind. >r. -
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1.999ff.II1,51 No. 1.1.1.10,91 No. 1.1.2.9; Latvian: Arajsl
Medne 1977, 779D* ; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; lt',sh: Ö Süilleabhäin / Christiansen
ripped to shrecJr ir ::
t963; Porttgtese: Oliveira 1900f. I, No. 6Z Martha / Pint o 1912, 146f., Cardigos In some variant. : '
(forthcoming), Nos. *776, 779* A,779*B; German: Bechstein/ lJther 1997 l, No.lS, (2) A person accidenta
Berger 2001, No. VI B 1; Italian: Cirese/Serafiru1,97b; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Advent, on Christn,-...
Hungarian: MNKIII, No.779A*; Czech: T1lle1929ff.I,37Lf. No.7794*; Slovene: Day, or the da,v of a ::.:
Kosi 1898, 143f.; Polish: KrzyZanowski 1962f.I,No.777; Croatian: Krauss/Burr ceive (serve) Holr- Cr,:- :-'
etal.2002, No.64; Bulgarian: cf. Haralampieff/Frolec 1971, No.29, BFp, Nos. priest tells him tira::'.
*779E*, *779F*;
Greek: Megas/Puchner 1,998, No. 779D*; Russian: SUS, Nos. could administer t1.,.. .-.,
779***,7798*-779D*; Byelorussian: SUS, Nos. 779",729**,779D*;Ukrainian: SUg shortly after [E{oi L---
Nos. 779*, 779**,779C*,779C**; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 111, 184;
*776,769*,779,Noy
Jewish: ]ason 1965, Nos. 1968, No.35, jason 1988a, Nos. 29.A, Lombrnation s: 7 55, 760.
779"B,Haboucha!992, No. **779D*; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti/ Remarks: Texts of group (1) c..::-. - -
Paunonen 1,974, No. 7798*; Mongolian: Lörincz L979, No. 779D*; Syriary of group (2) come from Frarr, .
Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: ]ason 1989, No. 779"8,279*-*D; Fiench- Literature/Variants: Köhler Br :. .
Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff.IV 1; Mexican: Robe 1973, No. 779C.; Egyp- 3 (1930 I 31) 536-539 (C. Merrgi. t : .
tian, Tunisiary Algeriary Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004. (1. Köhler).
Finnish: ]auhiainen 1998, \o: - ,:
779A*-779C* SeeType 779. Livonian: Loorits 1926, No. n- -
Lappish: Qvigstad 1925, No. I ).. -
779E* The Dancers of Kolbeck [C94.1.11. On Christmas Eve, outside a Kristensen 7892{f . II, 280ff ; Ice. r- .-
. -.,

church, a farmer of (the fictitious town) Kolbeck holds a dance with 7837,112ff.; French: Tegethori , -_:
fifteen other farmers and three womery while a mass is said. When S6billot 1968,703tf.; Spanish: C., -- ..
the priest comes out of the churö he curses all the dancers in God,s Portuguese: Oliveira 1900fi. ii l"
coming), Nos. 760E, 760"8, E3oC
name. From then on they have to dance ceaselessly [e3g6]. They -
dance themselves into the earth, hollowing out a hole, and finally
2000b, 23, Kooi/Schuster 2003. \ --
Watzlik 1921,48, Peuckert 19r._.:: .
die. After their death, as many stones as there were dancers were set
2069, Müller/Röhrich 1967. \;,.
up as a memodal. Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 III, \- .
S.ta Juliana/Kindt 1984, No. tt .
Remarks: Documented by ]ohannes Gobi junior, Scala coeli (No. 3a2).
Literature/variants: ward 1883 II, No.30; siebert 1902; stieren 1911; pauli/Bolte
Hungarian: Bihari 1980, No. D I _

1924 | No. 388; DVldr 1935ft.II, No. 39; Kretzenbacher 1961; Schenda L96t, g4f .,
Serbian: Öajkanovid 1934, Nos. 11: ,
Krzy2anowski 7962f .II, No. -10 , : -
505; Holtorf 1969,1345; Tubach 1969, No. 1419;Metzner 1972;Brickner 1974, (7882) 247, Löwis of Menar 191- I,
682; Chesnutt 1980a,158-166; EM 5 (1987) 350f.; Röhrichlg93, S99-634;Verfasser- American: Jones 1944, 242,2ta.

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438 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

779G* Crime against Grain. A woman uses bread (corn, grain) to clean her Literature/Variants: HDA E (i;.-
child [C851.1.2]. As punishment Christ (God, Virgin Mary, saint) Graus 1965,481-484; Tubach -: :
shortens the grain to the length it has today lA279Z.Sl. Griepentrog 7975, 1,91; ENLi --.-
Finnish: jauhiainen 1998. \... :,
Literature/Variants: DähnhardtlgOTff .1,212-214;BP II1,417420; HDS (1961-63) wegian; cf. Christiansen 191. 1..
l4L-144; Schmidt 1963,259-264; Röhrich 1974, Z1f.; EM 1 (1977) 231-2ZZ (K. 261; Scottish: Agricola 1967, \_.
Ranke); EM 2 (197 9) 8 1 8f .; Schwar zb aum 1982, 7 44 not. 11 5. No. C631; Catalan: Neugaard l--r l.
Lithuanian: Balys1936, No.3220; French: Delarue/Tendzel964ff.Iy 1,286-2gg; etal.1963{. I Nos. 140,207, t,-l:
-.,:-
German: Grimm KHM/Uther 19961II, No. 194, Bechstein/Uther 1,997 I, No. 2g, 7895f.II,206, Kooi/Schuster t :
Hubrich-Messow 200Q 217 ; Hr:ngallan: Dömötör 2001, 282 ; polsh: Krzyianowski 315, Müller/Röhrich 1967, \; --
1962f .II, No. 2635; Yakut: Ergis 1967, No. 77;lndian:Bompas 1909,4}i;Chinese: 2001, Nos. 1lIH27, VI B 2; Sir .. '..
Eberhard 1932 No. 86; Indonesian: Vries L9ZSf.l, No. 32. 1989f{. I, 528, Maissen 199 ,-
Fielhauer/Fielhauer 1975, \:, ::
779H* star Money. A poor mistreated orphan leaves her foster-parents and 730f ., 732; Maltese: Mifsud-C:- _ - -
reaches a dark forest. After she gives all her belongings to four other 242; Rumanian:schulleru- l-:. '

childrery suddenly a beautiful woman comes down from heaven Krzy2anowski7962t.I, No. . :_ .,
Russian: SUS, No. 7524-., c: 1."
and takes the fourth child. The woman is grateful and promises all
Moroccan: Stumme 1895. \o ._
heaven's blessings to the orphan girl. When she waves to the stars,
silver coins fall down into her outstretched shirt [F962.3].

Literature/variants: BP rrr, 233f .; HDA 8 (1936 I gz) 469476; Zimrnermann 2001. THE TRUTH C: ]

Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977,No.481*; German: Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 III, No.

153; Croatian: StojanoviC 1879, 771. 780 The Singing Bone. -\.:: _ -.

buries him (her) in t:. .:

7791* Breaking the Sabbath. (Including the previous Types 36g8* and instrument (harp. r. . .
17058..) This miscellaneous type comprises various religious leg- D1670.34, N2711.
ends dealing with offences against the commandment to rest on
Sunday (another holy day) by people who work in the house or
Or the murder i: :- ::
from the grave [E6-:, : - :
fields, go hunting, or participate in forbidden amusements [C631].
Punishments for these offences are vadous (cf. Type 7518.). Exam- Combinations: 303, 408, 5i0, :: , ,
ples: Literature/Variants: Child 1 S:l:
Hay harvested on Sunday turns to stone. 98; Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. I, -i9: S;:-.-.
Someone who goes picking berries instead of going to church t923;HDA7 t1935136) 15. t_..--
becomes ill (dies, is lost). 1991,759-208; Scherf 1995 IL t, i-
Someone who goes hunting instead of to church suffers an acci- Dekker et aL.7997,430432; Bau:-,, .-
dent (dies). Knochen (forthcoming).
Someone who plays bowls on Sunday is killed by a ball.
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Lithuari::- : ,:
Danish: Bodker/Hüllen 195b -- ::
A choirboy who plays cards behind the organ is caught by the Stiilleabhäin/Christiansen 1ir:
devil.
:
Delarue / Tenö ze 1964ff.IV 1. Gr-r e::- .

_ People who play cards or dance on Christmas instead of going to Chevalier 19951f . Iil, Gonzä1ez :,, ..
church sink into the earth along with the house in which they met 10, Oriol/Pujol 2003; portusue.. -
1C94.7.11 (cf. Type 779F,*). coming); Dutch: Sinninghe 1l_:-: :
Walloon: Legros 1962, 101; Ger:-.-:- :
Remarks: The biblical narrative (and other sources) creates an etiological tale for D4, Tomkowiak1993,258, Grim:- :.:
j\e sabbath already in Genesis, emulating God's rest after the six dayä of creation 7997 II, No. 3, Berger 2001; Sn-iss: :
-
(Gen. 2,1-3). The day of rest includes all, free men and women as #ell as sraves I, No. 98, 99; Austrian: Vemaleken l,: :
and working animals (Ex.20,8-11,; Dtn. 5,12-15). Cirese/Serafini; Hungarian: lil \ l. .

2, 181f; Slovene: Kotnik l92Ji. .

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OOZ
:rsrurLJJ : L1t. 6061 sedr-uog :uprf ..
ra8rag'z0z'oN ,rt66t,aqln/SC uur1i3 ,szH .oN ,zsar ,Ere rls,r.rouezdzr;tr :r{srlod llgz,1667.,,,,_
ücr*Ip.u7oilnru -
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1:yg961 1n 1" Jlüqo
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I azruaL rr.u r .
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t I?fl
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t0l6l 1 97 ttt|Lt L ,\f 1.J0t t_.
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JB .-
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seq.
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:Ze tsrrq3 :,
8
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782 f,cc rarn:
440 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E.: FFC 284

Megas/Puchner L998; Polish: Krzy2anowskt1962I.I, No. 734; Russian, Byelo- Literature/Variants: EM 7 (19931 li
russian, Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 780,780*; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav1953, Nos.60 Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff.I, No. 74.
IY,241,; Jewish: Noy 1963a, No. 55, ]ason 1965, 1975;Gypsy: MNK X 1, No. 721*; Danish: cf. Levinsen/Bodker 195S.
Cheremis / Mari, Chuvash, Mordvinian, Votyak: Kecskem6ti / P aunonen 197 4; Slovene: TomaZiö 1944, 161ff.; Ru_ssi,
Mongolian: Llrincz-1.979;Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Indian: l977lf .;Westlndies: Flowers 1953; Ea.
]ason 1989, Blackburn 2001, No. 23; Chinese: Ting1978; Korean: Choi 1979, Nos. Schmidt 198911, Nos. 1138, 1139; So
106,136;lapanese: cf. Ikeda 1971,InadalOzawa1977ff.; US-American: Baughman
1966; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tendze l964ff. IV 1; French-American: 782 Midas and the Donkeu's
Lacourciöre 197 6 ; Sp anish-American, Mexican: Robe 197 3 ; Cub ary Dominican, gusted with his riches. ha
Puerto Rican, Uruguayary Argentine: Hansen 1957;West Indies: Flowers L953;
he intervenes in the judE
Cape Verdian: Parsons 1923bI, Nos. 44, 48; North African, Algeriary Moroccan:
and Apollo in favor of Pa
El-Shamy 2004; Guinean: Klipple l992;EastAfrican: Arewa 1966, No. 3O67,Kokl-
Larsen 1.967, 83ff., Klipple L992; Central African: Lambrecht 1967, No. 3070; As punishmentApolio
Congolese: Klipple 1992; Namibian: Schmidt 1989 II, No.984. sheep's or goat's ears t. \f-r
(cossack, his f oster-brothe:
7808 The Speakirug Hair. A stepmother buries a girl alive under a tree a hole, whispers the secre
(kills her daughter). Her hair grows as wheat or as a bush and sings a reed growing there ia I
about her misfortunes [E631,D16702.2]. Thus she is discovered and gives the secret awav [D]i
rescued. The stepmother is buried in the same hole [Q581].
Remarks: Classical origin: Or-id, -.,I.
Literature/Variants: BP I, t87. Literature/Variants: Wickram,, Bolte
Spanish: GonzälezSanz1996, Camarena/Chevalier l99Sff.III; Catalan: Karlinger/ Pauli/Bolte 1924 I, No. 39[ Ander*rr
Ehrgott 196& No. 10, Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese.: Coelho 1985, No.40, Cardigos Stulli 1967 , 301-341; Tubach 1969. \
(forthcoming); Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975;Czedt:§riimkovä/Sirovätka1990,liff .; 1997,198-201; EM 9 (1999) 633-+1
Rumanian: cf. Birlea 1966I,57'1",I11,41.4f.;Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004; Spanish- Ebenbauer 2003,491f. (M. Kerni.
American, Mexican: Robe'1,973; Cuban, Puerto Rican: Hansen1,957;Brazilian: Latvian: Smits 1962tf ., No. 9; Irish:
Alcoforado /Albän 2001, No s. 49, 50; Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004. Baughman 1.966;French: Delarue Tt
No. 50, Cardigos (forthcoming); FrL.
50f.; German: Grimm DS/Kindern:
780C The Tell-Tale Calf's Head. A murderer buys a calf's (sheep's) head.
Serafini 1975; Hungarian: Dömötör i,
On his way home blood drops out of the head. When the officials
Panii-Surep 1964, No. 11, Djordjeni
find him, the calf's head turns into the head of the man whom he atian: Bo§kovi6-Stulli 1975b, No. 44:
had murdered [Q551.3.3]. Cf. Types 960,9608. No. 213; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek \l
Turkish: Eberhard/Boratar. 1953. \
Literature/Variants: Kirchhof/Oesterley 1869YI, No. 174; Chauvin 1.B9Zlf.yll, 1988a; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Kurdish: J

146 No. 425;BP 1,276,11,535. Cirtautas 1984, No. 33; Kirghiz: P..:,
French: Delarue/Tenö2e1964tr.IV 1; Spanish: Espinosa 1946f., No. S2,Camarenaf 400f.; Mongolian: Lörincz 7979; Iu.r- a
Chevalier 1995tf .III; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; German: Rehermann 1927,140, 2000; Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Ku.n-aiti: E
3 45, 47 0, 47 9, Grirrrrnr. DS / Uther 1993 II, No. 383; Hungarian: Dömötör 1 992, No. Roberts 1960; Burmese: Htin -{uns
353; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; Ukrainian: cf. SUS, No. 781*; Ch inese: Ting 197 8; Korea n: Za bor.-r,
Syrian: E1-Shamy 2004; Spanish-American: Hansen 1957;Puerto Rican: Mason/ French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze tr
Espinosa 1921,4L4; Egyptian: El-Shamy 1980, No. 37;Egyptian, Libyan, Algerian, Chilean: Hansen 1957; Argentine: Che
Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; Tunisian: cf. Nowak 1969, No. 310, El-Shamy ZOO+; Albän 2001, No. 51; Egyptian: El-Sha
Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004. Moroccan: Topper 1986, No.8, El-Shr
South African: Schmidt 1989 II, \o. .

78'L The Pdncess Who Murdereil Hü Child. A queen (princess, step-

mother, father) kills her child. A young man learns bird language 785 Lamb's Heart (previou-.n-
18137.7,82151. A bird (dove) sings, "The bones 1ie under the tree" traveling on earth [K1811j
[N271.4]. (The dead chitd is found, the murderer killed [e211.4].) Cf. companion (soldiea begg
Types 577,720. prepare a lamb (goat, corv,
arp slea dlprcas uoruedruoc aq;'(ua1cn1c .inor !eo8) qurel e a;edard
o1 (ra1a4 '+g 'uerudS.ralr 'uerusryert'wßßaq 'rarplos) uoruedruot ll ('[f'IIZö] paIIDI raraprnllr .- l
srq s)se (seloqcrp latad 'lS'tslrrlf,) poD [IISI)] r{Uea uo 8urlaaer1
allqM '(gtaag stqluu-l aql a+V ol1lvt Allnot^atd1 +taa1l stqtaaT gg| a8en8uel prrq sureal uetu Slrr-
-da1s 'ssacurrd; uaanb y .pllti)
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eMezo f epeü1 :asauede{ lgns :uprurerTn 'uerssn5 :'fi19l ,hh6l llzerrrol :aua^ols iül6 I uauounpJ/ tlaLUd)s)r) :v.:.
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442 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.+ FFC 284

lamb's heart (iiver, kidney, brain, tongue) and denies having done Combinations 759, 785.
so. He explains that this sort of animal had no heart [Kil02]. LiteraturelVariants: Zf\lk. 5 (1895 l 6:
When God shows his might by various miracles (resuscitation, Wesselski 1911 I, No. 75; Pauli/Bolte 1l
healing), the man still does not te1l hirn the truth, but instead tries tcr Schwarzbaum 1968,139,466; Etrt 3 { tr

imitate God. He fails and is condemned to death. God offers his Latvian : A räjs / Med ne 1977 ; Lithuar.
O Stii I leabhäin /Christiansen 196j: 5
help, but the deceiver prefers to clie rather than to yield. Neverthe-
1983, No. 50, Camarena /Chevalier
less God rescues him.
Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: X
Later God divides a treasure into three parts. The third part is tc, Knoop 1905, No. 505, Wossidlo 191
go to the one who ate the heart, r,r,hereupon the companion con- 1964, No. 105; Italian: Cirese,i 5s1at
fesses that it was he who ate it [J1141.1.1]. Cf. Types 52,753, and. MNK III, Nos. 7854, 7B5Ar; Czech:
7534. 19911.1, No. 153; Rumanian: I-lre 19t
1922, 631.; Polish: Krzy2anorsski 1i
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other Ukrainian: SUS; |ewish: ]ason 196:
types, esp. 330,753,753,4, and also752A,791, and1157. Kurdovanidze 2000; Indian: Thomr
Literature/variants: Chauvin7892lf . vlr, 100f. 112; Montanus/Bo1te 1899,562 Gaudes 1987, No. 79; Spanish-Amr
565; BP II,149-163; Basset 1924ff. III, 180 No. 112; pauli/Bo1te lg21I, No.57: Mason/Espinosa 1921, No. 19; I\-e
HDM 2 (193.1-40) 612-614 (H. Ho.ti); Besthorn 1935, 108-110; Bausinger 196,. Shamy 2004; South African: Coetzee
118-136; Schwarzbaum 1968,7f.,82,95,139,397f., 142; T,bach 1969, NoI3Z95, ct.
No. 717; Schwarzbaum 1979, xxxi, Nos. 30, 509, 510 not.29,511 not. 32; cf. Dicke 788 TheManWhoWasBurn-et
Grr-rbmüller 1987, No.281; Marzo1ph1992tt, No. 1208; EM 8 (1996) 713-747 (C vious Type 791*.) A marr r
Schmitt); Schmidt 1999.
and is burned (is iold t'r
Finnish: Rausmaa 7982ff.II, No. 36; Finnish-Si,r,edish: Hackman 1917f. I, No.
163(1); Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926, No. 142; Latvian: Aräjs
body (heart) is carried ar
Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 7999ff .II; Wotian, Lydian: Kecskemdti Peteq, beggar, monk, girl r
Paunonen 1974; swedish: Liungman 1961; Irish: ö stiltteauhain/christianser, with it a woman conceite
1963; French: Delarue/Tendzel964ff.IV 1; spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. Or, a hunter finds the
trII; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al. 1963f. home, telling his daughte
I, No. 149, Cardigos (forthcorni,g); Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 196E sisteq, girl) instead eat-s it i
Walloon: Legros 1962, 101; Cerman: Henßen 1955, No. 274, R.rnke löSSft. IIt newborn child can n-alL
Kooi/Schuster 1994, No. 46, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 II, No. 81, Bechstein has supernatural porrers.
Uther L997 I, No. 3; Italian: Cirese/Seraf ini 1975, De Simone 1994, No. 33b;
sardinian: Cirese/serafini; Hungarian: MNK III, Dömötör 2001,297; Czech: Jech Literature/Variants: Köhler /Bolte 1 S
1984, Nos. 79,5211I; Slovakian: cf. Gasparikovälgglf.Il, Nos. 519,S73;Rumanian: 139-160; EM: Wiedergeburt des vert
Stroescu 7969II, No.4998; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas/puchner 1998; polish: Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff . Il, 241 \o.
Krzv2anowskil962f .I, No.785, cf. No.7B5A; Russian, Byerorussian, ukrainiar.r: Sriilleabhäin/ Christiansen 1963: Fre
SUS; Jen'ish: Jason 1965; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Iraqi: E1-Shamy 2004; lrania': Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. Itr; Pon
Marzolph 1984, No. 1208; Chinese: Ting 197g; Frencli-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze ({orthcoming); Italian: Cirese /Serafr:rj
79641f.M; Spanish-American, Mexican: Robe 1973; Dominican: Hansen 195,; MNK III; Czech:Tllle 1929ff.II2. +51:
West Indies: Flowers 1953; Namibiar-r: Schmidt i991, No. 22. bian: Öajkanovi(. 1927, No. 166: Gr
Puchner 1998; French-Canadian: Del
7854 The Goose uith one Leg. Aservant (cook, St. peter) is asked by his
master (Christ) to prepare a goose (crane, chicken). The servant eats 790" St. George Teaches the Pot
one leg and maintains that the goose had only one leg (all cranes little will become rich.'" iI:
generally have only one leg). He enforces his point by showing Russian variant St. C,eo
geese l,rrho stand on one leg. how to become rich: one h
The master refutes his servant's assertion by shooting away the man steals a golden stirmp
geese so that they use both tegs [K402.1]. The servant repties that if theft.
he had frightened the roasted goose in the same rt ay, it would have
sholved its second leg as rt,ell.
 a,\eLI plnom 1t de.+t aures aql L- l
'iJaq] +1 teql sa4dar ]ue^ras aLIf [I . .
aq1 saruap pue rurq ruory (+ayqo8'ayppes) dru.rus uaplo8 e slea+s ueru aql .{e,ue Suqooqs dq uor1ra..: -
rood atp uodnaror{I'arl ol pue Iea}s o} seq auo :r{rrr aruoJaq ol zuroq
(dsdd3 ?>1.ra1sag) ueru rood e sarpea+ a3.roa3 '1S :luelrel uerssnll Sr-rr.r.roqs dq lurod srq sal.rLr:L. l
.[r.sssl] sauerr 1p) 3a1 auo dluo ppll rr
//.qrrr oruo)aq pm al]]II
E sarl pue allq p sleals ra^aoqM ,,'uo6 tood aql salpual a8nag 'qg *O6L slea luplras aq1 .(uaprql ,ar.:,_-
srq dq palse sr (ra1a4 .1§ ,litr.-- -
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-ras 1(698I) 7 repodso8 rxsua^ols :aua^ols :ltg7'Ztt'll6Z6Ial1;I:qf,az3 iIII )NIN l/96I uasueH:uEJtururoc 1€li - .-
:uerre8unll lruqeras/asarr3 :uerurprcS lgl6l ruq€ras/asarJ :upflql i(Srmuocprol) azauoJ /anrelac :uprpEuEJ-LIr Lr 11- i
so8rpre3'gII'oN't'lOOOf erra^rlo:asan8nlro4 :I1g'#g66IrarIE^ar{J/Euarelup3 :ueruprl 1p667 {ueqg-1g :r[.t,i
:qsrued5 l LI'#Vg6I azQua1/anrelag:qJuard 1t96I uasuerlsuq:)/urpr{qealp}S :uerutPl)n 'upl\5nJolJ ig Uer--
g :rlsrrl :ll'11666I aldlaqra; :upruenqtr-I ilg.oN M,ll.llzg6l"uurusneu :qsruurC :r-lsr1od ig66I iauqrnd/se8a11 .;,_'
'1'dard ur) ua8qrag ualrruerqra^ sap ltnqa8rapalM :I trg lOgyegt :uprur?urn5 l1lg,6bg.soN,ll .JI.. .
/086I rasor{ 1196I .
19€'oN 'II'JI969I a}log/ralqe):stuerrc /arnlEra}I.I qra{ :qraz3 :I_6Z,LOOZ rg}elueq ,
^o}arr}pntr
1q€g 'oN /166I auolurs oC ,!_:
.
'(rUuaq; oraq uroqar aq] q +I 'sra.rlod p;nleuladns seq /uratsr{rag'Ig.oN,11 ra.j- -
9661
pue s8ulql cr8eur op ue) 'dsaqdo.rd t1el lle,vr uer plrqr uroqmau 'III 'JJ996I a>lueu /rlz .oN ,!!- -.
aqJ ']I luory ]ueu8ard saurocaq pue ilasraq 1I slea pealsur (1.rrB 'ralsrs :8qbl rr,{rn:LlsrLUrlJ:elgol I l
'J€96I 'lE ]a oquauoros solla}:,_- I _
srq) ralq8nep eql 'u4r{;ro; }1 aredard o1 ralq8nep srq 3u11a1 'auror{ /
'#966I rarlp^ali]
1r sa>lp] pue sal{se aq} uI }rcaq s/llruraq ar{} spurJ ra}unl{ e 'ro /EuarPl-ue] :rr!. -..
'pllqr € sreaq pue sa^laruor uEulolvt e lI qll^,l. uasuerlsurl]/ulgqqeallrns e rL.: -
/ l+glua)sra» :uerp.,{1,ueao-11
]reluof, ruory pu€ '(ueru peap aql Jo rarlloru ]rrB {uour 're88aq tap4 .oN ,9261 :._ :
'19 'sa1lsode a^la,/v!.1 'po3) lslly) [,q Ae*rc parrrpJ sr (freaq) dpoq /s[CrV :uer^+E-I IZtrI
'oN 'I 'z16I ueur{reH :qsrp3 \,,.-.
srq yo ped y '(yasurq urnq o+ la8ue ue dq plol sr) pau.rnq sr pu€
urs e pallrurruo) ser{ (1a8ue '1ures lnuraq) ueu y ('*167 addl snora
)) ttt-€it (966I) S I IE l8ozt .\
-ard aqr Su1prrpul) 'u1o8y paal1 pua dn pawng suM oWVl uory aql 88/ /a)rlC'Jr :
1Z€'tou II9,6Z.]ou rlI!
'p'96Zt, oN'696I LIrEqnI lztl :.-.,.
'?L'gegl'oN 296I 'le +a aazlao) :ue)rrlv r{lnoS !V002 duruqg '7961 ra8ursneg i6II-B9I ,c€6I -rj
-19 :uu4dd8g :g0g'Eg6I sramold :sarpul lsag 16I 'oN ,IZ6I esourdsgTuosery ilg 'oN 'Itz6l allog/rlned lalI l
:uerr6 olrand lgl6l aqo1:uuJrxol I'ueruaurv-qsruedg 161 .oN /lg6l sapneD -299'669L allog/snueluo^l lZII _
:uerpoqueJ :y'ZOV» 'oN 'g96I sdpgTuosduoqJ :uerpul i0002 azprue^oprn» 'l9II plr: ,
:uer8roap"Vggl 'oN'I X ;4N14tr :dsdd3 !9961 lrose{:qsra,ra{:56g :uerurerln qli .
JaLIlo arour ro auo Jo saposrda -
:I"A 'ß6L opaN :uerqros !699I'oN 'II '!Z96I t:11smouezf,ztSl:qsrlocl !.Ng ,ZZAy
z+ßqrlle-I:uerueqlv ldCg :uerre8lng :'l9l'096I arn :ueruetun5 1€gI 'oN ,I.1166T
g.r.o4redpe3 :uerTp^ols lzlg'l'fi626l aIIrI :qraz3 !'.q,gg1,yggl.soN ,III »NI I pue '€gt'79 sad.41.J) .[I.I It. .
:uerre8unll 'g9 'oN 'ng61 ,{ßrcrta:916l r]UJ]€ßS/asarr] :uerlell 1g0I 'oN ,t96I -uor uoruudruoJ aql uodnara,;..
qleu-rasol\I '16I 'oN /696I Uq)nad'96I'OL6l olprssog ',909 'oN ',9961 doou;
.
o; sr 1-red prlLlt aqI .s;;ed aarrp
:uururaC :9961 reda111 :qsrtualg ierg6l roo» :uersrrC i(Sunxorqlro;) so8rpre3
'?g'oN'9961 oq1ao3 :asan€ntr.ro4 :tIt'Uge1rarle^aq3/euarerue3 ,0g.oN ,9g6l
-aq+ra^aN 'p1ar.{ o1 ueq} raLI}Er r.:
rarle^ar{J ';Z1i»'oN'g16l srapllr{f, :qsruedg 1€96I uasuer}sullJ/urgqqealll4s
:qsrq :(Sururorproy) Al;16661qd1aqra; :ueruenqll-I :U6laupalNls[ury:uer,t1e1
e snl sra#o po3 .LIlPap o] paulur:
'q966I raq+n 1(raqln' I'tl) zozttOzL (tg6T) t INt :99v' 6eT'9961 unpqzre^ rps ol salrl pealsu lnq ,qtnl aLIl LUI,,r
11961 sardg 1719
(Offit,D Z I ICH 119'oN 'Irz6ta+rcg.lllnedlgt.oN,I 116I r»slassaM 'uorl elrf\nsal salre"r r Lu snoll p \
)
1ll 'oN /668I allog/snuetuolN:lzL (969I) 9'€9 (96gl) g.iNZ:sluelreA/arnlurallT '[ZOf»] uear-[ ou peq
Ipur-.:
' ggl' 69l :suorlsurqruoJ auop Surneq sdruap pue
ianHLrr._
ET' salel snorBr.lau ,BZ lC{
ffi
{
 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2§-: FFC 284

Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 7968, 323f., 477, 179. Literature/Variants: Bolte 19tt-:. -.

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff .I1, No.38; Liti.ruaniar-r: Kerbell.te l999ff .II; Livoni.r.. 92,138; EM 5 (1987) 121f.; Fro:-':'
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977;Slovakian: Gasparikor i Finnish: Aarne 1920, No. 11; E.:,- :- .
1997f.1, No. 51; Macedonian: Vroclavski 1979f.I1, Nc. 27; Polish: Krzvzanor,r,ski No. 17; Lithuanian: Balys 19-3t,. \. .
7962f.1, No. 790; Russian, B_velorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Chuvash: Paasonen et Camarena/Chevalier 799iir --
al.1949, No.20. 1963f.I, Nos. 102, 103, Carclis.-.
Moser-Rath 1984, l02f .; \leri,:.
791 Christ and St. Peter inNight-Lodgings (prer.iously The Saoiour and 1957, No. **798.
St. Peter in Night-Lodglngs). A host gives shelter to St. peter anc-1
Christ, r,r.ho must sleep in the same bed. In the night the (drunken
host beats St. Peter (for various reasons). St. Peter changes places F{EA\
r,r,ith Christ. The host then comes to beat the other lodger, and St.
Peter again suffers the blou,s [K1132]. Cf. T1,pe 7524. 800 The Tailor in Heaoed.Iml
tailor into heaven [A661"0
Combinations 822,752, and 752A.
stool at an old woman tld
Literature/Variants: BPI, 4991.,[I,450-455; Schu,arzbaum 1968,29,138,405,4,15
EM 2 (1979) 268-270 (H. Lixfeld), 7437-1140 (H. Lixfeld). heaven [L435.3]. Cf. Trpe
Finnislr: Rausmaa 19821f.1I, Nos. 15,39; Finnish-Su,edish: Hackman 1917f.I,l
Nos. 155.1, 155.3, 156; Estonian: Loorits 1959, No. 142; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne Combinations: This type is usualh- r
1977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 7999ff.II; Kareliar.r: Kecskem6ti/paunonen 197J: types, esp. 330A, 1036, 1063, 10i1, 1
Norwegian: Hodne 1984; French: Delarue/Tenözel96lff .lV 1; Spanish: Espinos.. Literature/Variants : Kirchhof ,i Oestr
1946, No. 10, GonzälezSanz7996, Camarena/Chevalier 79951t.1[; Basque: Frer- 7g;WickramlBolte 1903, No. 110; Bei
Brettschneider 1982,100fi.; Catalan: Oriol/Pujo1 2003; Portuguese: Vasconcelios Krappe 1933; A1mqvist1975; Ozarsa
soromenho et al. 1963f. I, Nos. 143, EM: Schneider im Himmel (forthcor
Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Tinnevelcl
1,14,
1976, Nos. 111, 1.90; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; Walloon: Legros Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ft.11, No. -11; tr
1962, 107; Luxembourg: Gredt 1883, No. 854(2), Walker 1933, No. 73; Germ;rn: 1977 ; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999t.
Henßen 1955, No.273, Ranke 1955ff. lII, Peuckert 1959, No. 212, Moser-Rath 1966, Hodne 1,984;bish: Ö Süitleabhiün I
No. 14, Neumann 196Ea, No. 133, Berger 2001; Austrian: Haiding 1969, No. 158; 7964ff.M; Flemish: Mever .l::i
Ladinian: Uf6er L945, No. 14, Uffer 1955, 65ff.; Italian: Cirese/Seraf ini 1975. I99o T, No.35, Berger20Öl: +. -:-
Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop l97B; Hungarian: MNK III, 133ff.; Italian: Cirese / Seraiinj I - -:
Nos.791,791,-797r; Czech: Tillel929ff.I,577lf.,5B6f.; Slovakian: Gasparikor.ä Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 19!:-: ,
Fiiovä/Ga§parkovä 7993, \o --
-
7997f .I, No. 139, cf. Nos. 753, 257,II, No. 429; Slor.ene: Slovenski gospodar 7-1
(19a0) 14; Serbian: Djordjeviö/Milo§e'iö-Diordjeviö 1988, No. 113, Eichker 1992, I; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukr:-:- .
No.91; Croatian: Bo§kovi.-Stullil9S9, No.33, Boskoviö-Stulli1967i.,No. g, Gaäli 7927, 441; Georgian: Kurdor a:-. --
Neweklowsky 1983, No. 4; Rumanian: Birlea 7966I1,488ff., III,;161, Stroescu 1969 Japanese: lkeda 1971; French-f -:
II, No. 5536; Bulgarian: BFP, Nos. 791, *797A; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f. l;
Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Jewish: Bloch 1931, 193; Gvpsy: Mode 801 Master Pfrien. A sei:-: :
1983ff. III, No. 143, MNK X 1; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff. IV t: never satisfied, criti;r:.. ..

Brazilian: Alcoforado/Albän 2001, No. 52. He dreams he is de... -:

warns him [,4.661 0. - -
791* See Type 788. Despite his goo.r .- ,.1
cizes angels who c.r: --
795 See Type 759D. who carry water in ., r .

with two horse. har: - -..

798 Woman Created from a Monkey's Tail.When God intends to create Finally the fau lt',:'--
Eve from Adam's rib a monkey (devil, dog, cat, fox) steals it. God he awakes from hi. -l:-
pursues the monkey (sends an angel to catch it) and catches its tail. had seen there, shor. ,' : '
The tail tears off, God holds it in his hand and creates Eve from the 800,805, 1180, 1218, . .:
monkey's tail (devil's, dog's, cat's, fox's tail) 1A1224.3]).
 '
{t' VZZw) ( 1re1 s, r,-- -
'999I pue'glzr' 0gll'909'009 aql tuorJ a^E saleaJ) pue puL,,r i
saddl 'y3 'a8uegc iou p1p ralJerellr slq leql Surmorls €rarp uaas perl Irpl slr saLlf]pJ pup (lr r.lJlp:,., .
aq s8ulql aq] azlrlllrr ol sanuquor aq 'ureorp srq ruor, sa{el\,te aq poD ']l sleags (xo; ,ter ,Bop ,i: .-
uaqg'[I'ZIS§] uaaeaq tuorl paladxa sr rapur1]Ine; aq] lleurg rlearr o+ spualur po3 uaq \\ ,1r zl
'ly'S'tZtll puqaq pue +uo'ry w passoureq sasroq o,lvr+ lprrvr
uo8e.ra. e 1nd ro (OSff ddf 1p) IZ'EZOI1;1.] a.tars e ur ra+em dl.rec oqa,r.
qe8ue rarüo pue 'ltg'tltllasrmssorJ ureaq e d"r"rec oqru. sla8ue sazrc
-qrr) aH 'urelduroc o] sanuquor ar{ suo4ualur poo8 srq alrdsa6
'
[91 g] Surpug-+pe1 lsure8e lZ' t' O' 1SSV) urrq surpm
ralad 'ls 'ua^eeq ol pa]]rurpe sr aq aroJag 'peap sr ar{ slu€arp aH
.
'alrm srr{ pue 'sluezrras srq 'uarudau.rnof srq sazrcr]rJJ 'peqsnes Ja^au I Al jlrqbl rzauäL/rnrplrc:
sr oqm (rreru qorr'.ra,rrrp) raTeuaor{s snoalq8u-;yasy .way.{4 npayl )PoL\ :^qd^J :Col 'ltol rj).,E . .
I0g
1')Zqbl r)\MouP7,{zr) :Ll.ll ,
' a96I nrsaorls'Igi,II,.JJ8gl'Il,.: -
I Lt' iln9 ilazaual / anrelac :uerpeu€)-qruarg ! U6l ep a11I: asauede{ lgPD'8'oN','Jl96I rtlnls-)r.\trJ> -
1II'oN /816I rewaqs / qel€{ iaznrq lggg7 azpue troprn) :uer8roa3 llr7, lZ6I -
'a66I ra{qrsg'€II .oN ,886I
3raqru1o11 :1ed.rng 1I X )N14l :dsdd3 lSnS :uerurprTll ,uerssnroladg ,uerssng 11 I.,. :
p1 lepodso8 DIsua^ols :aLra-\Lrl.
'JZ96I f,lsmouezÄ2t14:r{srlocl 14gg:uerreSlng jlgl .oN re66l9^o>VRdqeS/grollC -
u.ro>gredse3 :uEr>lE^olS t.J9St :r,__
'Ieg 'VZS 'lI9 'soN 'll 'lIZ 'l9I '€€, '02 'soN 'I '!166I g,ro>yredqe3 :ueDIe^oIS 'III
:lt't'llOZg aIIrJ:qraz3 1III XNft :uerre8unll 1946I rur.Jeras/asarr3 :ue{e}I 1.J}€€I )N1,1l :uerre8unll 19761 do:: -
-lb l
tutJPräs /äsar t) :uPr lr,.l l
'996l raJJn :uerurpe.I jgZT 'oN trt6l ßqet1:uerrlsny 11967 ra8rag ,g€ .oN ,I 966I -
rall+flly{I{» rurulrD 'III 'IJgg6I »Iueu :ueruraD 19961 radayq :qsruralc lI At'ilvg'l !EI oN'696 1 Surpreg :UpUl-r-..
'996I t{}ux-rar^ow,ZLZ.oN /6c6 r-r j
azQual/anrelaC :qJuard 19961 uasuu4sullf,/urpqqealllr-rs O :qsrr1 17961 aupoH 1
;LreurraS 1tl .oN ,9€61
:uer8aa,rro11 !1961uew?unrT:r{srpams ltt.#OOOy aldlaqra; :ueruerrqt11!116l rallE\\ : .
aupayqTs[pry:uer^1e1 igI6I aurev:uuruolsg 1Iü.oN ,lI.llzg1lpeursne5 :qsruurC sor8al :Lroolle7u1 19961 ra,iall ,1..- -_-
'(Surruocqgo;) latuurrg rur rapraur{)S :tr lg nlJ^rrrurf :q:1n6 :lBurtuorLll.r,.r - r
l sollaf,uoJSpA :asanBnlro4 1gp1t;
l(uueurnaN '9 rzg-Vlg (ZOO) Ot179g!166ler'^ezo 19761 lsr.tburly lte6l adder;
,{o-r1 rlll .llsool
lgVe-ZVe'Idg,:6l 'oN'I I 106I ryslassaM/Iaqag 10II .oN /€06I allog/rueDlrrM 1gl .:anbseg -,J.,,.
'8V'V68I 'IE la raILIq» io€Z'oN 'Ll6gSldaFalsag/;o+pr» :sluEue^/ernlprallT r,\ourdsf :Ll\rupds jI Al
ljizqo I .
'960I pue'VBOI'Ztü' tgOI,7EOI,ygg6 .dsa,saddl :llOI uJUounpJ/ tlJutrl\fr) :1.
rarüo arour ro auo yo saposrda qlrm paurquoc dlensn sr edfi srql :suorleurquroJ -rtrpal11 s[e.ry:uer,r;el:217
I o\ :
'L'I'llL6L uEur)rEH :ristpa,\,ls-L{. . .
'999I pue'g0g'I08' g7g7 sad(l'Jf, .[t.q€71] ua^Ear{ '(piaJrt'l t-
ruol; palladxa sr aH '[f 'ZgOfS] rürea uo Janü ueruom plo ue ]E Ioots
1Et, 'got '81 I 'oZ'gqbl Lunpqzrr- .. -
-too, s/poD smon{} rolret aqJ '[I'Iffid 'Z'1yl99y]ua^ear{ olrr rolre}
dqtroarr.un ue slal ralad 'lS 'acuasqe s,poD uI .uaaoaH u! tollot aqt 00g .y797 adÄ7.J1 l;: . .
'+S pup 'raBpol ralllo aLI+
]pecl r., :
608-008 Nlr^vIIH sareld sa8ueqo ralad .+S .(suctsi.....
(Lla{urup) aql +q8ru aL{1 ul par: .:.,.
pue ralad ']S ol ralIaLIS sa^r8 l> -
-
'861** 'oN 296I puu tnotaas a41 (;snor ra;d1 s.xrr....
uasueH:ue)DT ouand !9lt'glt 'soN,I 196I IaeU :uErrxalN :lz0l,Vg6I qteu-rasol^I
!]fi'gßt rüe5-rasol4l :ueruraD 1(Surtuooglrol) so8rp.re3 ,€,Ol ,Z0l 'soN ,I .Jt96I
_
'le la oquauroros/sollaruocsen :asan8n+rod 1III .11966l rarl€^ar{J/Euarerup) la uauosl?Ed :Llsp^nLI) ISIfS :LrErLil,. _
r{Sr{oupzÄzr» :r-lsrlod 1lZ .oN ,II
t9Z6IS+ttoo-l:ueruo^r.I 10I :,: _
'oN'9161 ourey:upruolsg iII .oN /026I aurpv:qsruur{ g,ro>gredpeS :uprjuÄol§ :
116l aLrp a1.,,
'666I ururorC !'llZI (tg6l) gINAlgtl,Z6 :UEn-ro^r-I :tt.yeAq a1Älaqray :ut r,...
(zt aD tlNg.:lzl-nfi'I'11106l ]prcquqq(I :ggz'elo6l allog :sluurre^/arnlerell'I .6t3 ,ttt , l!
-
gtr sapl snor8qaS n8z tBZ -
l{c )tL ialr
1'
446 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 25; FFC 284

Literature/Variants: BP III, 297 105; Schwarzba um 19 68, 24; T.ub ach 1 969, No.
dead miser asks tl-re , -
2135; EM 3 (1981) 267-270 (H.-|. Uther); Moser 1982, 92-119, L74-178; Rölleke
1995; EM 8 (1996) 411413 (P.-L. Rausm aa); Zobel lEschweiler 1.997 , tBO; EM 9 [Q172.4.1].
(19ee) 506-s08 (H.-I. Uther).
Finnish: Rausmaa L982ff.Il, No. 42; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne
Literature/Variants: Chaur ir- :. _
1977, cf. No. *801*i German: Ranke 1,9SSff.III, Tomkowiakt993,25'g, Grimm
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 197E. \- i
KHM/Uther 1996III,No. 178; Italian: Cirese/SerafhtLgTl,De Simone 1994, Nos. Kahle l9l8f.ll, No. I04, L-:h -
Shamy 2004, No. 802D§: Egt
33h,78,84e; Czech: cf. Dvofäk 1978, No. 2135; Slovakian: Gasparikov6l99lf.l, ,.
No. 182; Greek: Loukatos 1957,229ff., Megas/Puchner 1998;Russian: SUS; |ew-
ish: Noy 1963a, No. 59, ]ason 1965;Egyptian: EI-Shamy 1980, No. 12; Moroccan: 803 TheDeoilinChains ::._
El-Shamy 2004, No. 1.249. in Hetl). Christ r.trr.-.. -
Solomon there to re.:-.
802 The Farmer in Heazten. A poor farmer (beggaq, old woman, poor girf devil (Satan, Luciie: .

preacher) arrives in heaven at the same time as a rich man (prGrt, Every year, just l.e;::=
lawyel townsman, nun, hermi! saint, old couple). The rich man en- through the chain :
ters first and the poor man outside overhears that he is received with
Combinations: 8048, 875.
§oicing. When the farmer enters nothing similar happens. When Literature/Variants: Krohr.r I .. -
the farmer complains that things in heaven are handled as partially
(forthcoming).
as on earth, St. Peter explains that poor people come to heavän every
Finnish: Rokala 7973,715, Rat..:--., .
day, but a rich man comes only once in a hundred years lE7Sg,W24Si- No. 803*, Loorits .l95q, \o. l:l .

1999ff . II; Norwegian: Kr-ic1el,::- -.,

Remarks: This tale is based in the religious principle expressed inMattheznxrX, Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrair-..,..:-
23-24, "k is easier for a camel to go through the eye ofä needle than for a rich
r

803*.
man to enter into the kingdom of God".
Literature/variants: BP III, 2741.;HDM1 (1930-33) 351 (w. Heiligendorff); Taylor
1965a; Schwarzbasm L968, 1,09, LbTf., 469 ; EM L (t977) t339-ß4r(K. Ranke);'EM
804 St. Peter's Mother F:;.!.:
10 (2002) 81.4-824 (S.
heaven [.4661.0.1.1- r. :
Neumann).
Estonian: Raudsep 1969, No.199;Latvian:Ara]s/Medne r977;Llthuanun: Kerbelyte fathel, woodcutter: c :::
1999ft.II; Danish: Kristensen 1884ff.I, No. 11, Kristensen 1900, No. 351; Irish: ö she is pulled to hea,, .:- .
Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: Briggs l97of. AII,25S; French: tants of the hel1 (the ; . -, .
]oisten
1.971 lI, No. 265.1; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 196g; German: Ranke She does not l,r.ant tl-,-*- -
1.955ff.III, Tomkowiak1993,258, Grimm KHM/Uther 1,995lII, No. 167; Swiss: tears and she falis 1..::.
ElM7 (1993) 867; Austrian: Haiding 1965, No. 289;ltalian: Crane 1g85, 362;Mal_ character and casts l-..:
tese: cf. Mifsud-Chircop 1.978, No. *802D; Slovene: Kosi 1g9g, 116; Greek Lao-
gräphia 2L (1963f.) 491ff.;Polish:Krzy2anowskr1962f .I; parestinian: Hanauer Literature/Variants: Köhler Br ,-
L907,237ff. II, No. 16; Schwarzbaum 196S. ,^
Finnish: Rausmaa lglzff.II, \: _
802A* His Faith into the Balance. A clergyman sees his good and evil Aräjs/Medne 1977; Swedish: L-,...
deeds being weighed lE7sl.l, d. v4.11. He asks them to have his faith 1; Spanish: Espinosa 19,16f., \,- -
in Christ (Virgin Mury) lhrown onto the scale. He is saved [VS12.1]. Oriol/Pujol 2003; portuguese: C,.
Cf. Type 808. coming); German: Peuckert ln-:l
Serafini 1975; Corsican: Ortoli -i:
Literature/variants: ward 1883f. II, No.5; Basset 1924ff.r,No.49, III,530 No.322. garian: MNK III; Slovene: Saselj 1- -
L31"1?t Aräjs/Medne 1.977;Lithuarian: Basanaviöitts l99\f ., No. 11, Kerbelyte 1q65,222: Russian, Byeloru*-ia - -
l999ff.rr;rrish: Cross 1952, No. E751.1;Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. *ys12.3;Tan- Vasilenko 1q55. No.20; Yakut: fr_ .
zanian: El-Shamy 2004. Japanese: Ikeda 197 L, Inada / Oz ;
ls64ft. M ; Spanish-American 1\- l
Chilean: Pino Saavedr a l960fi. II
802A* The Rooms inHeazten. while a good man is yet living on eartfu sev-
eral spendid rooms are prepared for him in heaven (paradise). A
 V '(asrpe"red) ua^paq ur turl1 j --
-Aas ,LJuea uo Bur,trl 1ad sr ueru :
'g0I 'oN ,Il.Jl0g6I prpa^EES ourd :uealn{J
!' .
: a qo1g : uef,
fit gE' e gg 6T opn)se J :uetltze tg t ßI rrauv_qsrue dg j Ll ilV9 6l
azQual/anrelaq :uerpeup3-r{ruarC !.llZrcf ewezo lepeul,116lepanl:asauede{
:,97613q7:asaurqJ lgEZ,OVZ,87Z.soN ,7961srF,tg:ln>Ie jgz.o11,996f o1.rr1rrrn -u;PI 1€'zI9A"'oN't66I p;ee8n:.,
:uerraqrs :9761uosel:qsr.ta.a{ jSOS :u€rurer)Il ,uprssnroladg ,uerssn11 :ZZZ,g96L al^iaqra»,II .oN,.19661 snrtr .-: _
'ZZ€'oN
r1s,la.oue7dzr;4 :qsrrocl idCg :tnge31ng!.19g,1.19061 ,111 0t9'III'6t'oN ,1 .g1.': - :.
ftepeg :eua,r.o1g ;1XA ,"nrrnä
-ung lruryeras/asarrf, :uprurpres i6Z .oN ,€ggl
IIoUö :uprrsroJ !9761 rurle:;,g
/asarrJ :uprlell :ilI'l!996I a{ue6 /ZlI .oN ,Zg6I Ua{rnad :uerura) 1(Burruoc 'It'ZtSn]
-rproJ) so8rpre3 '9ge ,glz.soN ,II .J006I Erra^rlg :asan8qro d:tOOZ[1r,a71o116 pa^ps sr aH .alef,s aLr: _
:uelele] lIJt'HSO6lt rarre^aq)/Euarerue] gl 'oN ''1916l esourdsg :gsruedg 11
qlreJ srli a^Eq ol tuaql $JSeaH -_
AI7lV96l azQual/anrEIaC :qruarC 11961 ueur8unr.l l{srpa.Ms :7761aupey1lsfety lr^a pue poo8 srq saas upui.. _
:uer^lpr lll'D6661e},(1aqre; :uEruenqrl'I 1g7 'oN 'rr'!tzg6l eelusneu :qsruurc
'(tlrayq'V) ZI8-0I8 (ZOOZ) Ot hlil109I ,g96Turrleqzte.4trps 19I .oN,II
'!llZ6Luosßpuv lztg-gtg,IlI dg:09,I.llig6gl atlog/rolqg» :slupue^/arnlEretl.I raneueH :uerurlsalpd .jZ96t,...
t
-oe.I :{aarD !9lI ,g6gl rso) :alil
'fi'rc2ö) (]no raq slser pue ralrerpq) -lery !Z9t,,9gBI aupr:) :uerlptl rÄi _
peq raq sa8pal.uou1f,e ralad .lS) iler{ olur )req slleJ aqs pue srea} :ssrMs jlgl .oN ,III
9661 rar{l-i , .l
ado.r aq1 'de.nr.e uratll s>lJq pue dn aruoc o+ tuaq+ lue^ +ou saop aqs a{ue>I :ueurra) ß961 ra.{ay.1 :u. .
'IIaM se paar, aq o] rapro ur +aa; rarl qrle) ualsrof :q)uärJ :ggz. :
lpeap aql) 11eq aqt Jo s]ue] Il v.J0je I _:
-Iqeqq raqlo aql [e't'tgS] (Xe+s) ado.r e uo ua^eaq o1 palnd sr aqs 9 :LISr{ llgg .oN ,6961 uasualsr:..-
uaq,14 '(d;ole8md; ilar{ uror} (yarq+ ,ueud8ralc lrallncpoo^ ,r"q1ry at^[aqrr) :Lren-ren!l!-l :lkrl dul .,..
srg'golrtr'.rauurs) rarüoru sfl{ aarJ o} pamolle qlZ.1O.IggV] uaneaq
ur (lures raq+o) ralad .+S .uaaaaH I lq j(a)upu '») zitL-6€EL (t/(.r. ,
wo$ s71a7 ßqtory slalad .lS, ?0g Jo1de1 l(gropua8qrall .tr4) t
I9€ ra:_
r{f,rr p ro; upr.ll JJpaau e;o a ia .::
'oN '0002 azprue^oprny .;c :uer8roaD lSnS :uerureDlfl ,uurssn.roladg ,.rrrÄ10§ /XlXonqlqüW
ur passe.rdxa aldrru -_:
:l'FSOy rnsttoueztlzt) :qsrlod 10€ 'oN tZl6I p:ue:repr,r;4 :uer8aauoN ln ,gOOOf
gdlaqra; :ueruenqr.I :lßIauparyls[ery:uer,r;e1 lZSf .oN,6961 q1roo1;_€0g .oN '[StZttl,gE71l srea,{ parpunL]
/816I aurev:upruolsg 17f ,€f .soN ,II.JlZg6I perusnpll p u:
\il,€l6l_ep1og :.1sruurg ArJAa ualeJLl ol aLUo) aldoad .r,,, -:
Ä11er1.red sp palpupq arp ua.\prLi
IaJnaJ uap tlassal oruoles tgg. !l€6T st\eg !7g61uqor) ,rrrrr;!11:T;i'rTjr? .:
uaqr14 .suadder{
' gv}g :§uoqPulqruoJ relrurrs Burqlou .-
9 lg' LIIII\^ pa^raJar sr ar{
}er{l sJeallra.\Lt,
:
'[t'tlO1]]Iastr smauar dyalerparuur 1r lnq,ureqr aql q8nolqt -ua up.u LI)rr rllt .1a;dno: plo
tL -
allq ol sa8eueru dlleau p^ap 'lsa_ud) upur LIJrJ p sp atur] arll -
aq+ ,.ralseg arolaq 1sn[ ,.read d.ra,Lg r
'dlsnonurluoc 1e srvteu8 aLI r{rn{.tt ,ureqrE o1 (.ra;rcn1 ,ue1eg) pnap '1r13.rood ,upr..uo,rr p1o ,;eBBaqT ,
_ _
aql saS.roy uoruolos uodna.raql .Ilasurl{ anJsar o} araq} uor.uolos
sa^eal lnq ilaq ruory (s.rauurs) aldoad p€ap son)sar +srl{J .(llag ul
:uerroro14J iZI .oN ,6961 drueq5_11
sulaq) w paa1 aLfi spu!fl uotuolo5 dlsnornar d1 suruq3 u! _
Uaae aLlt t08 -,r,raftgng :uerssn5 19661 rauq:n; _,,
'7697 druuqg-lf :uerrorol4l ,ue4df,Ba:sOZOe .oN 'I' 1166I g,ro4redqe3 :uer{p^olq j. :
?002 dureqg 'soN'166I auours
-19';o :re1e§'uerqprvrpnes 1sqzgg-oN ,7697,{rueqg_It,VU.oN,II .J8I6I alqe) aQ,gl6lrurJera( :
-
ruurrD ,g.gz,€66I {er.Mo)irrlol ,IIl
/tpprqcg :uprur+salpd lII'il666l aldlaqray ,9g .oN ,9161 a1,t1aqta) :ueruenqtl.I aupal /s[e;y:uernlel 1gl6l
'r9€ 'oN 'llgI ,IL.JJZ6SI ur^neq] :slupuB^/arnlpralrT ,
"-oi'
6 I^lg 10BI /t661 ßIta1vlqJsE/laqoz
alallQu :Btt-iil,€lI_26 /286I .ras.;
uraql Jo auo +sear ,p ru,.l a.^rB oq uer.u Burarl aq] s)se ,"tJrätnJ3J 'oN '696I LIreqnJ :tZ,g96L
urnpqzj.
lt sa1e1 snor3qay fgz lgC t8z f,cd raql:
-
448 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2SI FFC 284

804A The Beanstqlk to Heaaez. An old couple climb up a beanstalk 8048* The Taoern at Heaoen,s (
(which grows through the roof of their house) to heaven. The old man (Nobis) prornises hin
man climbs carrying his wife in a sack which he holds with his teeth. taking a beating instead
The old woman keeps asking him, "Is heaven still far away?" When either hell nor heaven. TFr
he answers, she falls to earth (her husband reaches heaven). "Nobiskrug") betn een F
In another variant an old couple who climbed to heaven on a outside hell's gate).
beanstalk promise not to eat bread dough (pie, apples) and not to sit In some variants so m;
in God's little carriage. They break their promise (the woman sits in the entrance to hear-en ri
the little carriage, which promptly drives off with her) and they are heaven as a preventir-e u,
cast out of heaven. bring their own drjlli_s frc
the host has to close his L,
Literature/Variants: E}d1, (1977) 1381-1386 (Ä. Koväcs).
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 46; Lithuanian: Basanaviöius 1993f.II, No. 114, Literature/Variants: Frey /Bolte 1S9F
Kerbelytö 1999ILl; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Bulgarian: BFP; Russiar; Byelo- not. 2; Rumpf 1995.
russian, Ukrainian: SUS, No. 1889K; ]apanese: Ikeda l971;Filipino: Fansler 1921, Latvian: Aräjs / Medne 1977 ; Ger:r:.an
No.37. garian: Sklarek 1901, No. 24;Ckrar:x

8048 The Church in Hell. A person (Solomon, soldier, smith, miller, shoe- 805 loseph and Mary Threat
make1, Gypsy, farmel, etc.) in hell threatens to build a church (mon- the porter of heavery nol
astery) there. The devil cannot let this happen, so the person is ex- learns that joseph had o
pelled from hell (receives gold as rent, can maffy the daughter of a When he asks ]osepl
king or a landlord) [K1781]. comes angry. He vorrs t
threatens to leave heave
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other
types, esp. 1,072, 1,084, and also 330, 1062,107t, and L525A. [Y254.6). Cf. Types 800,
Literature/Variants: EMr1(1977) 1384 (Ä. Koväcs); E}r'r7 (1993) 1378-1380 (L. G.
Literature/Variants : Künzig i,' I\-en
Barag).
Uther).
Estonian: Aarne 1918, Loorits 1959, No. 152; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Llthu-
French: Delaruer Tenöze I.^-l:-
anian: Kerbelytö 1,999ff. II; Syrjanian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; German:
Catalan: Oriol /Pujol 2003; D.-r:::-
Schiller 1902 No. 16; Hungarian: MNK III; Czech: Tllle 1929ff .1, 1.85ff ., 190f.,
1968; German: Merkens 1E9: I I.
191f.; Slovakian: Ga§parikov{,l991f.I, Nos. t57,1,68,211,222,240,274, Filovä/
GaSparikovä 1993, Nos. 157, 168; Croatian: BoSkovi6-Stulli 1963, No. 22; Bul-
lq6Bb, No.93; Italian: Cirer. :
Knejöer 1959, 62; French-Ca:.:,
garian: BFP; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Gypsy: Sink6/Dömötör .

American: Robe 1973.

1990,281f., MNKX 1; Cheremis/Mari: Beke 1951, No.20, Kecskem6ti/Paunonen
1974.
808 The Deail and the ,*rgr ;F
804C Unsuitable for Hell. A clergyman assures an old woman that she is lhe Angcl Wait .for >. : .

not destined for hell because it was made for weeping and gnashing deathbed of a rirlr :. -
of teeth. She, however, does not have any teeth left any more. favor because of a si...-...
to help a beggar IL-a
Remarks: See the verse from the Bible (MatthewYlll,l2:. "Butthe children of the Cf. Types 802A*, 80S - '
kingdom shall be cast out into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnash-
ing of teeth"). Literature/Variants: Basset 1924
Literature/Variants: EM 1 (1977) 359. Kretzenbacher 1958; Dorn 19t-.. -: -

German: Kubitschek 1920, 43, jungbauer '1,943,323, Ruppel/Häger 1952, L8l; Iubach 1969, Nos. 232,750t, 1a _.-
Swiss: Lachmereis L944,181; Austrian: Schmidt 1946, No.207. Bieri 1989,323-326; Wagner 199S ft :

preP.).
Finnish: Jauhiainen 1998, Nos. C:, -
r.ian: Aräjs /Medne 1977 ; Lithr-rar,r,. -
/ulpqqpafiI]S g:rlsul ltt.#OAA aldlaqra;4:ueruEnq]r.I !776Iauparylsfe.ry:uer,t
-lE.I 1*80g 'oN '926I slrroo.I :ueruo^r-l :tg) ,tgl.soN ,g66I uaurerqne{ :qsruurg
'('dard
ur) alaas arp tun ua;dr.up1 la8ug pun IaJnaI tryg.!g661rcuße74.91g-gz7,6g6llßIg 'l0Z 'oN 'gii.. r:
-uuprurapur) :frOE-t6Z ,9161ruor?u11-IlnD iIIgI ,lOgI ,ZAZ.soN ,696I q)eqnJ tBt 'ZS6L ::?eyllladdny t-,- _
:\lV 'g9t '09I-ggI tg96l ]gur.eqzre.ryIt{rs !09-gl ,1961uroq 19961 raqrequaz}ar)
!18-61 '9t61 r)slassaM 'p :9Vl .oN l7Z ,Iil.LJVZ6I lasseg :slueuP^/arnlurall.I
-qseu8 pue 8urdaa.t.r aq _
Ipqs u. -.
'*608'V808' *Y208 sadd;'13 aLIl Jo uarplri{r aLI} tn8,, :ZI,III ,, .
'asrpered ur a)eld e paluer8 sI aH '[I.9glH ,I.Iglg]re33eq e dlaq o1
pasn per{ u€lu r{Ju aq+ q)rqaa. (spafqo taglo) >1p1s E Io asne)aq role1 'arou ,{up }.1a1 qlaal .irre .
srg ur sdrl ale)s ar{} dgeur4 'lnos sn{ roI rasrur q)rr e Jo paqq}eap Burqseu8 pue Surdaa.rt roJ aLr:.::_ :
ar{t }e Iarrpnb la8ue uE pue Ir^ap aqJ .(spog to{ 4ap1 p&uy aqq sI aqs lEr{l ueuIOM plo ue SOlr:>::-
puu ltaa1 aql dysnor,ra;d) pog aql nl qq&ry Ta&uy a4q puu üaa7 aql 808
uauouned/r1?ua{sra) ,02 .o\ . a-
:
-qs rue d g : ue rp
rgleruac/9{ur5 :dsd.{3 15ns ,.,-
r Lr'lrv g 6r a zauar / anr, Ia c Eup, yr""?!ulo;tä; I':jiäTX
_
:uerurpr)n 1r7g'oN /766I auours ae,gl6l rurJEras/asarr] :uprlell j06.oN,qg96l -1ll.g lZZ.oN,t96I rllnls_trr.\oI!.
i g^olrC'rlz'0V2,222,fi|,891
uuerunaN 'tI '€I 'soN '1961 4arc1,96 ,ü6 .soN ,I Z6gI suaIraIAI :ueruraD lgg6l _;
rada6 :rlsrurald 1€g 'oN ,1002 ra»lug/rapatr I :qrlnc IEO1Z:rc[r.clllorro :uEIE]eJ ''106L ^ll98t ,I ,lt6z6l allrl :L{r.- -
:lIt'yge(J rarlE^aq]/Euarerue] :qsruedS :T LI.ilVg6l azQual/anrplac :Llruarc :upruJaD 1tl6I uauounpd /11aLr...-
'lraqlO -nqlt1 :llol aupa4Tsle.ry :uer ._
'I-'H) OSS-ef 9 (e66I) lINgi:ge .oN ,€16I J?,un71f ßrzun» :stuprrE^/arnlErall.I
1( sr
'D ''I) 08tI-81Cr (€,66D
I I/\if :
.I08,008 seddl .y3 -[g.VgZL] 'v9Z9I pr-tri -
-_
slualar ralad 'lS 'pllqr aql pue d.re7q r{+rm ua^earl a^eal o} sua}earq} Jarlo aJoru ro auo Jo saposrda qlr ,.
pue srapro s,relad '1§ daqo ]ou IIrM ar{ }Erll s,t,rol aH dr8ue sauroc
-aq oo+ qdaso{ '8urql e rlrns prp aq dqarr qdaso{ s)se ar{ uaqM
'waql e;o ;alq8nep aq] dr;rer_u Lrp) ,llri- :
ro, roop >lreq aql pauado peq tldaso[ +er{} sureel
-xa sr uos.rad aql os,uaddeLl sr,!r_ ,
all 'aldoad srg Suorue saJeJ rerlruelun saJEou ,uaneaq;o ral.rod aq+
-uour) qunqr e plrnq o] sualpaj -r- ,
(+slrqf, 'po3) .ra1a4 '+S'uaauaH aaaal ol ua+aa,tql fuaytr pua qdaso! S08 -doLls 'rdllil.ü 'qlrius ,ratplo- u, .-
'#Zll'696I [apuap :uerurerTIl 1rZ .oN /106I :uerre8
{arBpIS
-urrp:ggh-Vgy '1T€I,g7gl z,retqrs/uqn) :ueurraD !116l aupary
lslery :uern1e1 'lZbt ratcupJ :ourdrpr3 :
'9661 ydurny 17'1ou u6l pI])\
g0Z'qg€,6l ryslassaM j6gl ,II dS !trtr.1ou;gZ,96gl"a11og/darg :sluprre4/arnlerallT -ola^g'uprssny :11g :uer.reB1ng ._
'f il oN 'll Jf6bl rn,l,nnun.ng I .
'ssaursnq sn{ asolr o+ sEl-[ ]sorl aq] (scg,ro;',r' -
leql os '(>1unrp lpearp are darp) r{uea tuory sTurrp ua,ro.rraq1 Burrq
ua^eal{ roJ sa}Eprpuer dueur ,rO 'arnseaur arrrluarra;d e se ualeaq
are ,{aqt pue ("raq LI+I.tt
ralua ol pamolle sr +soq aql dileurJ +Eq+ ua^eeq ol a)uer+ua aql Jro sa,rr:p -
uI sJrs ueruom aLIl) asnuoJd rraql \ -,
Jo luoJ] ur uJalel ar{} +e ureurar aldoad dueru os sluerJe^ aruos uI
IIS o] lou pue (saldde ,ard) q8nop. .;.
'(a1e8 s,1aq eprslno
u uo ua^päti ol paqLUrlJ oLl.\l )L-r:-
'ale8 s,uaneaq aprs+no) IIaq pue ualear{ uaam}aq (,,Bnr1srqog,, '(ua^eall sallJpar pueqsnq .::
paureu) ura^e+ e unr ol suels ar{ uodna.raql .ualeaq rou
IIaq raq+Ia uaq,14 ,,1de,r,re re, ua^eaq sJ,, ,--
rolua o] pamolle +ou sr ar{ os ,Inos sn{ Jo pea+sur Surleeq e Bur1el Iiqs
'qlaa+ sq LIIrM sploq
aLI Lpqr{
dq paap aqi paded aq +ng 'lI ap aq+ o] IIasruR{ sasnuord (srqog) ueur lJi: :
plo aqI 'ua^eaLl o1 (asnoq rraql l,r ,
u slqap Surlurrp srg ded o+ rapro vl.aruU sflaauaH 4u ufiauJ atll
*gr0g >llelsueaq e dn qrurp aldnor p1c
sapl snor8qaa
n8z lcc rarF'-'l
450 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 25=
FFC 284

Christiansen 1963; Spanish: cf. Goldberg 1998, No. E756.1; German: Henßen 1959,
Literature/Variants:
No.42, Rehermann 1977,754, Grimrn D5/Uther 799311, Nos.485,512; Ladinia,:
Karlinger/Mykytiuk 1967, No. 21; Hungarian: Dömötör 1992, No. 471; Czech..
Serbian: Bogdanoviö 1930, No. l: -
Cepenkov/Penu§liski 1989 II, \. -
Srämkor'ä/Sirovätka 1990, No. 16; Slovakian: Gasparikovä 1981a, No.46; Greek:
Dawkins 1953, No. 74; Poiish: Krzyzanor,r,,ski7962f .I, No. 750C; Russian, Ukrair-r- Jewish: cf. Haboucha 1992. \1. --.
ian: SUS; Jewish: Gaster 1924, No. 397, lason 1965, Nos. 808, 809*, Haboucha 1991.
No. 809*; Georgian: cf. Kurdovanidze 2000, No. 808*; Egyptian: El-Shamy 19BLt,
No. 19, El-Shamv 2004. TFIE I l

8084 The Death of the Good and of the Bad Man, When a good man dies 810 The Snares of the Et il Ct.:
a bee (his soul) flies out of his mouth. A white ancl black bird fight "
in a crisis IM211, Stlt :_
over it and the white bird catches it. child is to be fetche.; --
When a bad man dies, the blackbird catches the bee [8721,E731. (church, altar, cem. -. -
2,8757.7,8756.1). Cf. Types 7568, 808. man draws a ring a-. .. .
In an Estonian variant an angel shor,r,s a rich man how a goocl outside the circle [D,: ) ,
man dies by taking him to a deathbed. Two white doves sit at tl.re Cf. Types 400, 51E, --l
head of the bed and two black ravens at the foot. When the man dies
the doves f1y up and take his soul away. Combinations: 400, 51g.
At the deathbed of a bad mary the two ravens sit at the head anc1 Literature/Variants; Barack 1Sr:: :
the doves are at the foot. when the man dies the ravens take his sou- Robertson 1954,470-472; Schn- ; -=
away and the doves cry. 1962f . I, 27-67, 243-253; Ehle.. -. -,
(7993) 7247*1253 (L. Röhric}r r: :::-. -
Remarks: Animals (serpent, mouse, ant, etc.) that come out of the mouths o: Finnish: Rausmaa lgB2ff.II, \-,. _.
sleeping persons or out of their bodv as a soul-anim al[E721, E730] are also founrl tonian: Aame 1918, cf. Loorit: -::.
in oiheitäles (e.g. TVpes 840,7645i), but there the animals have a different func- Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff. II
le57ff . V, No. 2B8, VI, Nu :. _
-: - ._

tion.
Literature/Variants: Cf. BP III, 463-471; Tubach 1969, Nos. 232,7501,1511; EIrl Paunonen 1974; Swedish: Lrur::-
Teufel und Enget kämpfen um die Seele (in prep.). Crundtvig t\54ff .lt, No. 3ll I

Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. 808*, Loorits 1959, No. 153; Lir.onian: Loorits 1926, Nc. Sveinsson 1929, No. 810, cf. \rr: i
808*; Lithuanian: Kerbelvtö 1999ff. II; English: Baughm anr966;French: soupault 1321.; lrish: O 5üilleabhiin ( l:- -

1959, No. 3; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier l,96ff .,149f.; French: Delanre Tr:-.

1995ff.III; Dutch, Frisian: Kooi _
Schuster 2003, No. 381; German: cf. Grimm KHM/Uther 1996ill, No. KL t, I_qq5ff. ttt; Catalan: Neug.rar.l l- '

slovakian: cf. Polivka 1923ff.ry,151f.; Greek: Mousaios-Bougioukos 1976, No. Card igo' (forihcoming); Fririar. : :
2t,,
Megas/Puchner 1998; Jen,ish: ]ason 1975. 1973, No.85, Grimm KHMi,Lti. _.
Sardinian: Cirese/ Serafini; NIalre..
Vrtec 19 (1889) 118; Croatian:8c,..
809* Rich Man Allowed to stay in Heaoen because of single deed of char-
ity. (Sometimes he is repaid and sent to hell.) Cf. Tvpes Z50H-, gOE.
Schier-Oberdorffer 1974, No. ] l
No. 74; Byelorussiary Ukrainian: : _ :
El-Shamy 2004; Filipino: Fansltr _ --
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 196g, 15g,160,465,470; Alerander 1981, 55_63.
II, No. 16, VI, No. 35; French_Anr.: -
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982f1.rr, No.47; French: Delarue/Tenöze7961ff.IV 1; spanish:
Americary Mexican: Robe 1971r i.,. -,
Camarena/Chevalier 7995ff.rr; Portuguese: cf. Cardigos (forthcoming), No. .773A,
Macedonian: cf. öepenkov/penu§lisii 7989ll, No. iSg; Jenish: SasütOOs,Ozi
1988a, EM 8 (1996) 1332; Svrian, Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004; Chinese: cf. Ting 8104 The Deztil Does penanct. _
1978, No. 809A.; Egvptian: EI-Shamy 2004; South African: Coetzee et a|. 1967. bread on a tree stump. ,l .

him. The pious man ble. . .

=
809** Old Man Repaid for Good Deeds. He helps a beggar (gives him ed by Lucifer and orde:r,: .
money) to build his house. When he goes there to see it, he fincls year. The devil works t., _:.,.
himself in paradise. evil landowne4 ancl ther :.

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452 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E,] FFC 284

Literature/Variants: BP II, 294f .; Wesselski I 925, No. 53; EM 2 (1979) 1082-109a 811 The Man Promised to :,
(D.-R. Moser).
sprinkles holy 11.1tgi- -.,-
Finnish: Lör,r,is of Menar 1922, No. 20; Latr.ian: Aräjs/Medne 1977, Ambaini.
1979, No. 61; Lithuanian:Basanaviöius 1993i. II, Nos. 5, 129, Kerbeh,te 1999ff. It
his father had once ; :-
Porttrguese: Meier/Wo11 1975, No. 111; German: Bechstein/UtherTögZ II, No. 16 priest. He tells a sinr-.=
Hungarian: MNK III; Czech: Tille 7929ff. t, l7|fl., Siror,ätka 1980, No. ti leases him frorn hi. - --.
S1o'akian: Kosovä-Ko1eöänyi 1988,56ff., Ga§parikor,ä 199if. I, Nos. 57,77,31.
II, 530, 542, 560; Croatian: Dolenec 7972, 971., Boskoviö-Stulli 7963, No. 6[, Combinations 7568.
Rumanian: Birlea 1966 II,492ff .,IIJ., 167f .; Polish: Krzr.2anou.,ski1962i.I, No. 651 Literature/Variants: Cf . De1.r n:.
Simonides/Simonides 1994, No. 65; Sorbian: Nedo 1972, 2lgff., 336 not. Jr. 7247-7253 (L. Röhrich); E\l: T. - :.
Russian, B),e1orussian, Ukrainian: SUS; G1'psr.: MNK X 1. Prep.).
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff . IL \. .
N{edne 1977;Lithuanian: Kerl.e .
810A* The Priest and the Deoil. Miscellaneous type. A clergyman (pries:
\orwegian: Hodne lq8-l; Dan;-
businessman) agrees to give his daughter (soul) to the devil (devils
Christiansen 1963; Germanr \1t..
[5211] if the devil is able to builcl a church [G303.9.1.6] (buildin: 47; Swiss: Büch1i / Brunold-Bi :.. :
1G303.9.1.131, castle, palace [G303.9. 1.5], bridge [G303.9.1.1], dam. Hle 1q2qff. l, I77,Srimkor a -
1G303.9.1.21, streets [G303.9.1.7]) overnight [G303.16.19.4, G303.j- 72; Serbian: Öajkanoviö 192, . \, - --
f .i]. The clergvman (his ivife) makes the rooster crolr,.earlier thar- Birlea 1966 I,374ff., III,393fi : F' - :
usual, and the devils disappear [G303.14, E452]. Cf. Types 1099, 119, Cypsy: MNK X l;Frenclr-t.'.:
Haring 1q82, No. 1.5.q2.
Combinations: 1187*.
Literature/variants: Köhler et al. 1E94, 39-47; \,Vünsche 1905b; Wesselski 193_ 811A* The Boy Promised tDt::.
Vries 1933, 68-70; Boberg 1955; Puhvel 1961; Röhrich 7965, tS-48; Talos 1969; Er. His Good Conduct. :, :
1 (1977) 1393-1397 (I. Talos); Dekker et al.1997,350-352; Kooi 2001.
birth) by his parerrt. ':_
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1973, Nos. 32A-C, 35, 37; English: Briggs 19701. B l, 89 (when he is four r e.::.
French: Soupault 1963, No. 14; Spanish: Camarena/Che'a1ier 1995ff. III; Basq,.
Frev/Brettschneider 1982, 81ff .; Portuguese: vasconcellos/soromenho et ;. Whenthebor -,-'-
79631. 1, No. 225, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Sinninghe 1943, No. gi-: fortune on hi: o\\.-
Meder/Bakker 2001, Nos. 447, 528, Kooi 2003, No. 64; Frisiin: Kooi 19g4a, \. (another holr per- "
1191A., Kooi/Schuster 1993, No. 30; Flemish: Berg 1981, No. 78, Top 19g2, No. I behavior, Virgin \I::.- .
Lox1.999b, No.77; German: Merkens 7\92ff.I, Nos.91,97, III, No.75, cf. Grinr:- can save himself f:r.::- .

DS/Uther 1993 I, No. 18,1, Kooi/Schuster 199,1, Nos. 34, 35, Hubrich-Messo, fights the devil ancl - . -,
2000, 794f .,242f., Berger 2001, Nos. 810A**, XII B 1-3; Austrian: Haiding 197--
No. 106; Czech: Tille 1929ff. I, 198; Sorbian: \,eckenstedt 1g90, 299f.; polis;- Literature/Variants: Petit de T,:. .
Krzy2anowski 7962f .II, No. 1098; Russian: SUS; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6t_ French: Delarue/Terröze 1.,. l'
Paunonen 1974; Chinese: Ti,g 1978, No. 1097A.; Japanese: Ikeda 1971; Nor:. sican: Massignon7963, No. tl; 5 -. -. '
American lndian: Simmons 1986,194f.,208f., cf. 272f .,227; US-American: Dors... Ienöze 1961ff.ly 1.
1916,52; Mexican: Robe 1970, No. 198.
812 The Deoil's Riddle. (Inclut
8108* The Youth Sold to the Deail [5211]. When the clevil (giant) comes : starving soldiers) promt
fetch a vouth, his parents sert, him up or-r three successive nights r:. dragon) for money (fooj
a dog's skin, a ram's skin, and a goat's skin (they hide him in an e.- (seven years), he can sol
of corn as a kernel, on a sl,l,an's neck as dou,n, in a flounder.:. propounds, he will be relt
spawn). The devil cannot find him. jects which appear diffen
the man must guess theü
Literature/Variants: Cf. E}l7 (1993) 7217-1253 (L. Röhrich). skin, gold cup - cup of ;
Icelandic: Naumann1923, No. 79; Italian: Cirese/Seraf ini 1975; Russiar-r: SUS.
whale-rib, wineglass - ho
Or the devil asks seeru
er than honey lH671l, soft
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-.
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:
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::
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154 Hans-lörg Uther FFC 28] FFC 284

stone [H673]? Or he asks for the symbolic meaning of the numbers Finnish: Simonsuuri/Rausmaa i:,.:: l
one to seven (ten, twelve) [H602.1.1,,222] (cf. Type 20101). Or he sets Paunonen 1974; Scottish: Bri5tr. , --
impossible tasks [H1010]. Irish: Ö Stiilleabhäin / Christiin..:'
An old woman (devil's grandmother) helps the man to solve the Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff .1-
riddles. or he finds the solutions by hiding in a tree and overhearing Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al. i.: :
the devil's conversationwith a companion [N451.1, G661.7,G661.2]. Zender 1966, Nos. 876,924,91r .'_-
Danuser Richardson 1976, \r.. t , _
Or he is hidden by the devil's grandmother, who gets the secrets
Smiöiklas 7910ff . 17, 343ff ., c: ! -
from the devil [G530.4], or is helped by another being (angel, St.
1975a, No. 7, cf. Boökoviö-Str-rr. - --
Andrew, Gypry) [N810]. Finally the man saves his soul and escapes 1952 Nos.5Z 58; Mexican: ci. ;i :-.
from the devil [H543].

Combination s: 360, 361., 545D*, and 61,8.

8134 The Accursed Dauglt;.
comes from the der r- , .
Literature/variants: Cf. Dähnhardt 1907ff.r,194f.;Bprrt,12-17;Tubach 1969, No.
214; EM 5 (1,987) 192-199 (R. Wehse); cf. EM 7 (L993) 1247-1252 (L. Röhrich); the devil becaure ,.. r:
Scherf 1995 11,1187-1189; EM 11,1 (2008)275-250 (L. Röhrich). devil").
Finnish: Rausmaa t982ff .II, Nos. 53-56, |auhiainen 199g, No. E553; Estonian:
Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1,977, Nos. 812, 812*; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö Combinations 7175.
Livonian, Lappish: Kecskemdti / pauno nen 197 4; Swedish: Liungman Literature/Variants: Anderso:,,::
\?z?ff: Jl; Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. IL \.
1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Grundtvig 1g76ff.Il, No. 19, Kristensen
1888ff..V Nos. 42, 49; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Scottish: Briggs 1g7of . AI,213f.; Kerbelyte 1999f1.l, No. 4128-; , , ..: -
Irish: Ö sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; swiss: wildhabejÜffer 1971,No. 24; cf. Bo§kovic-Stulli lqo7f., \o l

French: Delarue/Tenö2e1964tr.IV 1; Spanish: Espinosa 1946f., No. 14, Camarenaf Haboucha 1992; Cheremis \1:: ....
Chevalier L995ff. III; Basque: Karlinger/Lasärer 1980, No. 43; portuguese:
Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al. 1963f.I, No. 49, Cardigos (forthcoming); öutch: 8138 The Accursed Grandsl;
Overbeke/Dekker et al. t991,, No. 1349; Frisian: t<oöi tgA+a; Germä, Ranke woman curses .t \ crr.._ .

1.955ff.III, Grimm KHM/uther 1996ll, No. 125; Ladinian: Decurtins 1}g6ff.rr, carries him arnai. H -
No. 33; Italian: Cirese/Serafini-1.975; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Hungarian: back from the der r1
MNK III; Czech: Tille 1929f1.I, Dvoiäk 1978, No. 21,4; Slovakian: Gasparfkovä
L991f. I, Nos. 228, 329,II, No. 500; Slovene: TomaZiö 1942, S6ff.; Rrimanian: Literature/Variants: Andur-, ' -
Schullerus 1928, No. 8L2A*,Birlea-l.966II,21gft.,]lrl, 435t.; Bulgarian: BFp, No. Estonian: Loorits 1959, No. 90; L,.. :
*500; Polish:
KrzyLanowski 1,962f. I; Greek: Loukatos 1957,"23gff., Megas/ 7999ff.I, No. 445*; Wotian: Kec:\.rr-:
Puchner 1998; Russian: SUS; Byelorussian: SUS, No. g12*; Ukrainian: SUS, iltros. Hungarian: Sklarek 1901, No. ir ..:.-.
8t2,812*;lewish: Habouchalgg2; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. III, 158, IV, No.23Z MNK 7962f.I, Nos. 443*,448; Russiar-, :, :
X 1; Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; lapanese: cf. Ikeda 1971,, InadalOzawa 1.977ff.; gian: Kurdovanidze 2000, ci. \, . --
f9-l11e1ia.n:
Kirtley 1971, No. G530.4; US-American: cf. Baughman 1966, No.
8L2A*; AfricanAmerican: cf. Baughman 1966, No. 812A*;pueri=o Ricary Chileary
Argentine: Hansen 1952 No. "2045; West Indies: Flowers 1953.
813C The Perjured Man nn,i : .,

me). Aman (farmer -:.

"May as many de\ i r
812" See Type 812.
outl" Thereupon the .=
813 A Careless word summons the Deoil lc12l. This miscellaneous type Literature/Variants: Finnish: T.:-.r-- .
comprises various tales in which someone uses the word devil 7970f. AI, 1,B5tf .; German: Zen.i-. , -
carelessly, or carelessly utters a curse (e.g. ,,The devil will get youl,,).
The curse becomes true and the devil appears (often in disguise, as 813* Not to Sleep Three Nig/r r-.
young mary as dog) and fetches the person who made the curse or himself in despair. Th..- -
who was cursed (often boy, girl, daughter). man does not sieep ft : .:-:
sum of money. Wher-rer.t: :
Literature/Variants: Tubach 1969, No. 1605.
man pretends that he ;: : -
I^ap aql alrqM '8ulq+auos lnoqe 3ur4uq1 sr ar{ }eq} spualard ueru
ag1 €urdaals sr ar{ I uew oql $Ise 1^ap aql ra^auaqM dauou yo urns
a3.re1 e rurq arrr8 IIrM Ir^ap aql 'slq3ru aalü roJ daals 1ou saop uelu '(ratu: r-
_
aql JI :ll^ap aql qll1vl ure8req e sa{eur aq uaql '.rredsap uI flasurrq JO aSJn) aLIl apeur oq,\\ uoslai
Sueq o1 spualrn ale.redsap ur ueru .rood y .sqr1&q1aaqa daalg o7 qo111 *€Ig se 'asrn8srp w uaryo) sreaddu .
'1,,;no,{ 1aB
11r,tt Jr^ap aL{f ,: ,
'Zt6-gZ6'soN '996I rapuaz :ueuraD !#9gT ,Iy .\OL6T
Ir^ap pJo,\l aq] sasn ouoollit-:
s88r.rg :qsq8ug lgWl'ggZl 'soN ,g66I uaurerqnu{:Llsruurd :sluuu€ /arnlera}I.I addg snoauellaf,srur sILIJ .[aI]. j;
'rreq sn{ ile +no rea} pu€ atuoc dlyear slr^ap aq} uodnaraql
,,11no
ruar{l rea} pue dpoq dur ur are srrer{ se auro) slr^ap dueur se de;41,,
'srureloxo pue Ierrl e Surrnp Jlosrun{ sarn[lad (raur.rey) uewy-(au.t '996I sra,\lLrTj . :
u?ls faae a4q fraW dlsnor,rard; Uaao aql pua uo6 patntn4 aqa J€I8 'upalrq3 ,uerr5 olrand 1*y;15 ,: r,.
oN'996I ueruq8neg .J) :uprr-r,..
'*lW '*91? 'soN 'Jr /0002 azprue^oprn;E :uer8 :iltZq e^ ezof epeul ,Ll6l_ .:--.
- ßa3 :V 16I uauouned / rtguaTs)a» qeft on iSnS :uerssn5 lgVi, *€W. soN,I .J296 ,ZEZ'ON
I »NI^I AI'89I 'III ']J€Sr
.
r,ls.uouezdz.r;4 :qsrrod 19 'oN tg6l sur»Mecl:{aarD 19€ .oN,106I Iarc115 :ueue8rm11 'soN'SnS :uerurer{0 1*719 .o1 :':
lllgil'90il orunure.I tqs]gllvl6l uauounEd/rl?tua)sra) :ueEoM i4gf7.oN,I .JJ666I rse8a141"llbtz ,lg6l qolp)n, -
aldlaqray :ueruenrpll 1l l6LavpaIAI I s[gry :uer,qe.1 a06 .oN /696I s]rroo.l :ueruo]sg 'oN äCg :uerre8lng !.lEt, ,III
'
,-_
%'e9il uosrapuv :sluerrE^/arnl€rallT :uErupurnu :.llgg,ZtOt lrzpLU. -
e,tolrredqe3 :uprlp^olS :f l. l.
'lr^ap aq] luorJ ))eq :uerreBunll lrurreJas/ asarrl rL-:. -
pueqsnr{laq s8ur.rq pue wRI ra11e sao8 aJI^r sIH deme ulq sarrrer 'II'1196gl surunrac :uerurpEl r. -
I^ap aql pue Sulppar* srq le (uospuer8; doq Sunod e sasrnc ueurom a>lue5 :upruraD jptrg6I :Lr:-.:
roo)
plo uV ('*gft add; snoraald aqf 8urpn1tu1)'uospuot) pas,tnccv aql g€I8 :qrlnq 1(Surruolll+ro;) so8rp;e1 -
:asanBnl.roJ tt, .oN ,0gol i::.-
' /PurrpLUpJ
.il oN ,.Jgt6[ p\oL.-i- j
U 16I uauoul1'pd / rlguraTsra» :uel I / sruar aq) !266I eq)noqeH
:qsura{ 1gn5 :uerureDlIl ,uerssruoladg,uerssn5 1II .oN ,.1196lIllryS-rr^oTsog .Jr irz 'oN /Ilil rarynltaqeqpp_\\ :>r
:uprl€or] lvl6ruauorur.ed/l+gtua)sra;4 :uersdarl4 I*gZIiloN ,r.11666l aldlaqra;tr :l€,lz 1V 'lOl6L s83rrg :LISrpori :
:ueruunr{ll'I 1926f, 'oN /866I uourEn{r.el' lg'oN'II'Ilzg6l eErusneu :r{sruur{ uasuatsrr) ,61 .oN,ll.JJqlgI Fl .;.
'
ueuäun11 :rlsrpdMS 1fl6 l uaur _..
e6'e96I uosrapuv :sluuup^/arnlurall'I
'EIII :suolleulqluo) at^laqra) :uEruenqll.I 1*ZIg ,ZIS .
:ueruolsg 1€ggg .oN ,9661 uaur.;r_
.(r{rrnigu ._I)
'("llaap rtS:-
1(r{Jrrqgu'-t) tgzt-ttzL (eoot r
aql or oD,,) rar{}olu rar{ Jo sproM ssalarer arü Jo asn€raq Ihap aq+ _;
'oN'696I LIrEqnJ !il-ZL,IIIcIB :.1;
dq go par.r.rec uaaq peq oq ueurolv{. e sla8 all -lr.,r.ap aq] urory sauro) .
aqs Jr ua^a aJIM e d.rreur ol^. sluem uei.u V .tayq&nag pastnccv atl
v€Ig
'lI'oN'el6l raIIrIN',r ,C*€Ig .oN ,€16I aqou .Jr :uerrxal tr jgg 29 .soN 296I
sadecsa pue Inos sn{ saAES Lrpru :,_
rrsttvouezÄzt)/snladey:qsrTod 17g'oN 'qgl6rlrpts-rr^o>l§og 'p tl.oNtegl6r 'lS 'JaBuP) Sulaq .raqloue ,{q
ulnls-rr^o)sog '0I 'oN ''Ilg6L IIFIS-gl^o)s og .p ,.!!we ,ll .11016I sel)r?rlus 1..-.
:ueqeorJ 19ZZ'oN 'I'lg9gl ?I^a?r :uprqras 1ZIf, .oN ,916Tüosprc]qrru rasnupc slarJas aLI] slaS oLI,\,\. ,ralllorulru..-
'
:uerurpe'I iol f, IIX,tI S .so1q ,1997 ra8leg,lZ6,9Z6,VZ6,9l8 .soN ,996I ßpuaz [Z' tSSl' L' 1"99),I. i grN] uorupd .*
:ueurra3 1(3r4ruocg1ro;) so8rpre3 ,gZZ .oN ,I.I€96L.le Sur.reaq.ra,to pue aarl e ui Burprq .-:
^ la orluaworos/sollaruors€
:asan8ngo4 !Z'?'ZI)* 'oN ,g661 3raqp1o3 ,nl .II166L rarlu^ar{J/puarerue3 ar{l a^los oJ ueur aql sdlaq (raqtoi-
:qsruedg !ßt,'111g'yg761s?ßgg:qsr18ug 1€96I uasuepsrn{:)/urpr{qeaIIIBS
O:LIsrrI
iZIf, 'oN '99618rcqoT:)rpuelarJ :g1l ,l g.19161 s?Bug:qs4lors tfl6l uauouned stas aq rO '([O1OZ ad.{1 .p)
,9961 LZZZ,t .
/n9ur»1sra;1 :ueruelrdg,uerJarc1:g7g,77g.so51 eeusnp5/rmnsuours :r.{sruur.{ srJqtunu aLl] Jo Surupar-u ;rloqru .-
sapl snorS4ag tSz lcc üBZ lct la Lrl
456 Hans-Jörg Utl-rer FFC 281 FFC2B4

verifies the things the man is thinking about, three nights pass and Literature/Variants:
afterwards the man receives the money from the devil. Finnish-Slr,edish: Hackman 1 :r, -
A rich man (neighbor) follows the poor man's example but con- 7970f . AI, 270f ., B I, 56ft.,7ti : - .
fesses that he has slept, and so the devil takes his soul [12401].
816* Depils Tempt the poL.:
Literature/Variants: devils (ravens) an.i -:
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 54; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1,977; Lithuanian: woman [G303.3.1.1i . -
Kerbelytö 1978, No. 98, Jewish: Noy 1963a No. 114; Iraqi, Egyptiary Moroccary in Rome. He ties th. :.-
Somalian: El-Shamy 2004. etc.) and has then'r c.:::'
warns the pope d:c '-
815 The Deoil Who Skins a Corpse (previously The Deceqsed Rich Man female shape. (He :r:.-
and the Deoils in the Church). A poor man promises three times to
hold a wake for a rich man. When the rich man dies, the poor man Remarks: Early literary SoLlri:- r -
goes to the cemetery and draws a circle around himself. The devil Literature/Variants:
appears, digs the grave up, takes the corpse out of the coffiry and Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 19, I _ :

skins it. While the devil puts the grave in order the poor man pulls Kerbelytö 1999f1.Iil,422 Ncr t ., -
the skin into his circle [D1381 .77,K218.1,]. The devil wants it back 1966, No. G303.3.1.i2; Irish: O ,i_. -. .
because he intended to wear it to haunt people. The poor man is able 1998, No. T332, Camarena Cl.'. . .
to delay by negotiating with the devil until the time of his wake has 216, Cardigos (forthcomir-rgr; I.. .
Mykytiuk 1962 No.31; Po1isl- : .
passed. The skin is buried again. Cf. Types 810, 1130.

Combinations: 1130.
817* Deoil Leaues at ]Ieni:; ..

Literature/Variants: BP IIl,420; HDM 2 (193440) 658 (L. Mackensen); Merkelbach comprises differenr -.: .- -

1964; cf . Denecke 1971,,21,8-228;E]|dz(L979) 695f.;EM6 (1990) 69-72 (H. Lixfeld); the shape of a pers..;- .,

EM 6 (1990) 79f. (R. W. Brednich); EM: Schatz in der Totenhaut (forthcoming). the devil). B1 me'r.
Finnish: Rausmaa l982tf.lI, No.58, Jauhiainen 1998, No. E821; Finnish-Swedish: Allah or by >ar rn: . _.

Hackman 1917f.I, No. 164a; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Estonian: Aarne 1918; other holy objects. :r- - --:
Swedish: Liungman 1961; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; Spanish: cf.
Espinosa 1946, No. 34; German: Peuckert 1932, No. 11.7, Zender 1935, No. 618, Literature/Variants: Chauri- : _
Neumann 1971, No. 134, Grimm DS/Kindermann,Bieri 1993, No. 113, Grimm Finnish: Jauhiainen 1998, No ::-
KHM/Uther 1996III, No. 195; Berger 2001, No. III C 16; Swiss: Jegerlehner 1913, 780, 871; Swedish: EU, No. i5:rt : :. :
No. 80; Hungarian: MNK III; Czech: Tille1929ff.1,615f.,618f.; Slovakian: Polivka 93f ., 741 Irish: Ö Stiilleabl-rir:r - .
1923ff.IV No.390ff.; Serbian: cf. Öajkanovi(.!927,No.L77;Croatian: Smiöiklas -
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ii i..
1910ff.L7,353fL, BoSkovi6-Stulli1967f., No. 12; Polish: Krzy2anowskil962f.I; (forthcoming); Dutch: Kroser,L-:. :-,
Votyak: Kecskem6ti / P aunonen 197 4. 2000b, 105ff., Kooi/Schuster I :
III, Nos. 64,78;Bulgarian: BFjr '.
815* The Shoemaker Who Made Shoes for the Deoil. A shoemaker (smitlr, 1099; ]ewish: Neuman 195-1, \ l
tailor) is always cursing (unwisely boasts that he could shoe the Fadel1979, No. 5; Kuwaiti: El-::-. ..

devil's own horse). He meets the devil (on his horse, disguised as a Tunisian, Sudanese: El-Shamr _ -
man) who asks him to make shoes for him (for his horse).
Realizing that he is dealing with the devil, the shoemaker asks a 818* The Deztil Goes to Corr:" -..
clergyman for help. The clergyman advises him not to take (all) the not bear to humbl,, :. - .

money from the devif because if he does, he will have sold his soul. Types 1800-1809.
A soon as the shoes are handed oveq, the devil, delighted, offers him
a sum of money. But the shoemaker saves his soul by refusing it.
Literature/Variants: Closs 19j:. :- j -
(From that time he never curses again.) [K210]. Schnyder).
Lithuanian: Kerbelyte l9g9fi. II

r§\§§ftr
 '11'Jl666t a]^laqra) ueruenqlrT
'(.rapduqcg '[91;;] r ,-. .
'V) 6zt-tzt (966I) 6 uoTrxalrasseJ ßL:goe-€62 ,Zt6l ssolJ :sluEuE /arnlpralrT 1r Sursnlar dq lnos srq sa-\p! -:
-urLI sraJ;o,palq8rlap ,p,rap 3,-:; -
.6691-ggg1 sad4t Trlos srLI plos o^eq III^/I aq ,sa.:
_
'Jf, '[g'6ZA] re]le aqt aro]aq ,vroq pue alqrunq o] rLp (1e) a)E] o] lou urL{ sasr.\i.
Jlasunq reaq ]ou
-uer lnq arueuad ara.Las surro;rad a11.uorcsatuo) ol saoy :r s{sp raIerlraoLls aLIl ,ir,rap a,,._ -
üaa7 aql *glg
'(asroq sq ro1) Lut{ _ r,
: se pasrn8srp /asJoLI srLI t-ro i: - I
lee6lu,,,tq,n,B:uerrlaruv-qsruedslnoozl::i:Ä:,1:,1'";11Y"'^iZ;ätH:* )Lll roLls plnor aq
tpLlt sl-p, .:
'0€ 'oN 'Ol6Lvqe[:u€rqprv rpneg 19.91.gggD .oN /796I ueunaNl :qsrzvral l66gj Llllus; ra)euaolls V .raaT a4i ,-
'oN'II'rZ96I r4s,vouezt{ztx:qsrlod 1*zlg*.oN lgg:uerreSlnglgl ,vg.soN,III
'llz6gl sua)ral^I :uEr.ura3 :Zet,gtt,0€I .soN ,9697 ralsnqcs/Ioo» ,.ll90l ,qOOOZ
Ioo)'***llg'oN roo»:uersrrC !66,gg6lTurrquasor»:q)lnq 1(Bunuorqlrol) '.1 'lZ96I r1s,ltouez.,(zr» :LISrlrrJ -
so31pre3 'g, 'oN "?g6I
/9g6l or{laol :asan8nlro4 lttt.ilEOA
rorle^ar{J/puareurp3 .-:,:
iEplr?rlus:uErleor] illl oN
:qs1ued5 : g,' uasuerlsrn{J
99 6l yYlilq8:ne €,g 6l / ur gr1qeallrr-rd g' qrrr1 l7h I,. 1t 6 ?I^.rlod :UEDIE^oIS !.lgl9,.JcI, - ..
^lEe't g;9761 s38ug,9961_ueuq8neg :qsr8ug 17Oei .oN ;ng,üqpr^S iVß,
Oet g16I raullalra8af:ssr.ltg 19I I Ijl
'9ll'frll 'I99 'soN ',9tr61 s,t1eg:ueruenqll-I lgrgf, .oN /g66I uaurpn{nnl ,qr*rrrg
' .oN .
Lulurr3 'tII 'oN ,6661 uarg_ur-... _-,-
g8'oN' Iji,]trIL,gII It 16l,L. !!Z6gl ut^rrcq:) :sluplrp^/arn}pralrl '819 oN /996I rapuaz'llt ,o\
'1t :gsruedg 1€96I
::
'[S'Sf .SOSC] uasuprtsull'l -. .
qsrue^ ol aperu sr lr^ap aq] ,spafqo lloq raqlo albI aurPV:uPtuo]sf :ll,l )...' ,..
ro 'xrlrrru) E 'ralem dloq Sursn Äqrc ;eÄetd e Burdes dq ro qefy :qsrpa^{S-LlsruulC IIZBg .oN .ih,. - -.
'1 3u r r-uo:q;.ro1
'ftuytr ur3.rr1 '+slrq3 ,po3 Jo arueu ar{l Buruorluatu Xg .(p\ap aq+ ) Inoqralol .,r,:
o+ Inos rraql IIos daqr) rra[qo ue lo ,yeurrue ue ,uos.rad e yo adeqs aq1 r(ptaJxr'I 'H) Zt-69 (066r) g
I\l : :: :
ul_lr^ap aql laaru ogrvr aldoad tpraa. Sugeap salEl +uaraJJrp sasrrdurot
adll snoauellarsrlu sr\L.awoN s,pog lo uoquary la saaual FaaO *LIg
'0€II ,0I8 sad-i1 -'-
l.lZ96T rnsmoueztlzt» .Jr :r{sr1od 1Ig .oN , 7961 nryaln\y11
: ser{ a)e.\4. slr{ Jo awr}aLI} Irllrll l: l
/ ra8uryrey'Ir :uerqras g 16I rurre ßS/ asarr J' rrrrrnli (S"i*ärr{i- 1-1- üZrpr" a, 9 g
'oN 'J006I
'I erra^{O :esan8npo4 ltl.yg16; rarrp^aq3 ;7gg1:oN ,gOOt alqe sr ueur rood aq; .aldoad 1u:-...
/ eu awutel
Sraqplog:qsruedg 1€96I uasue,s,,rlf,/urgrlq€alll}s g :qsr4 171'1jg.gosD .oN,ssor {req }l s}uem Ir^ap aqJ'II gI.\
Sraqog:rrpuela)I :ZU1Z.oN,^ng,qsrpa.,r,rg 2f :i.f .f .oN
ZZn,ilI.!16661"il1;q;r) s11nd ueu.rood aql rapro ur ). ... -
'09 'oN '196L 7.ttll[1.dTrqTra8urpe) :ueruenqll-l !116l a"pn6i iigiy :uer^+eT pue /urJJoJ aLI] Io ]no asd.rot au.
:
-
lr^ap äLlf 'JlasLUrLl punorP
(
7
7, 111) fiop q,1 d.ro8a.rs .8. a,sacrnos rJ:il1ä#:ilI-# _-
ueur;ood aql /sarp uelu qJrr"1:- alr:
ol saurrl aaJLIl sasRuo;rd uer,u :... --l
'[Zggf] ('sTueq] salrarar ag) .adeqs alerua]
uury tpxü pasoara(I ary; .{1sno: ..:-
ur p^op aq+ dq uorleldural o+ urrlrr^ Buqpy lsure8e adod aq+ sureM
aq oraqm 'auroll o] roop qJrnqJ e uo rur{ drret uraq} seq pue (.c1a
'dreso.r) pafqo lloq auros r{lrm raq}a8ol sir.o"p sar} aH .auro5 ur 'uer)orory ,ueqd,(8g ,rber1 t;11 ,--.
(tsa1,rd_'doqsrq) adod arü ldtual o1Sur.reda.rd q "ql .e.eOi31
tZi.f !
:upruenqlll ll6L avpalN/s[e:y ..
e;o adeqs aq] u1 (qrzrap) Ilap aq+ lErll sureal pue "r*o^
lsuaa.er) slr^ap
Jo uortresraluor e srear{raao uBurd8repy.ado4 aql 1du.ta7 sllaaq *9Ig
'ltOtZ[] Inos srq saIE] Ir.\ap I -
'11609 'I 'll§z6L alllJ .Jr -uoJ
:qraz] :.tzt ,.tt99 ,l g. ^fiL1 ,IV .JOt6t lnq aldtuexa s,ueru rood au: .
s33rr g' 99 61 uewt4?ne g :qsqBug .oN :
1qr9 I \ I lt6;- upru{reH qsrpams_qsruur{ 'lr^ap rLll ruo.ry.iarr. *
:sluErrp^/arnlurellT pue ssed qq8ru aarlll ,]noqE Bur\-,
tgr sa1u1 srrorBqag
nSz lcc hgz)tt Jar{l'
458 Hans-Jör5; Uther FFC 2b= FFC 284

819* The Deail's Portrait. A painter is ordered bv his master (the king) to The devil comes to tl
paint a portrait of the devil. As he has never seen the devil, he does his shape at the landlord
not know how to paint him. Then the devil appears and assists bi the devil mows with hi.
showing himself (the painter paints the picture in the steam-bath, hc faster than all other rvorl
paints only single parts, the devil presents himself only one part .rt keep up with hirn. He exl
a time). The painter does not look at the finished portrait (may n..: devil takes his sout nrini
look at it). When his master looks at it, he dies (all those in the palace old innkeeper, who beco
r,r,ho look at it are frightened and flee or die, the king does not die r

In a Cerman variant a rich farmer orders a poor painter to pain: Remarks: Types 8104, 820,820A. a
the devil and offers him his farm as payment. The painter is worrierl mixed in one tale.
because he does not know what the devil looks like. On the thirC Literature/Variants: DlbfVlc tr (19r
night his guardian angel appears and tells him he should close hi. Finnish: Simonsuuri /Rausmaa 19r
eyes and paint single parts on a paper roll. Every section should be Dutch: Kooi 2003, No. 3Z Frisian: X
2003, 120 No. 204; Spanish: Cama-rt
rolled up immediately. He should never look at it and should burrr
it after the farmer sees it. When the farmer looks at the painting, he
dies, and the painter becomes the owner of the farm.
8208 TheDeoil atHaying. An'
done on a certain dav rh,
Literature/Variants: stranger appears and pr
Cerman:Peuckert 1932, No. 194; Italian: Cirese/Seraflni1975; Czech: Jech 19El ment and mows the rnl
No. 53; Sorbian: Nedo 1972, 243ff.; Polish: Krzy2anou.ski 1962f . I, No. 4E3 released from the contrac
Russian: SUS; Cypsy: Briggs 1970f. B I, 113.
Literature/Variants:
820 The Deztil as Substitute for Day Laborer at Mowing. The devil in the Swedish: Liungman 1961, No. GSll
shape of a little old man (workman, hunter) assists a weak farm- 1990, cf. No. 24; German: Zender 1!
hand, who works as dav laborer for a greedy nobleman, with the
mowing (treshing). 821 The Deoil as Adoocate. (
He does a u,onderful job: he mows and threshes as never before
and carries the whole harvest plus a bull on his back. When tl-re 8211A Thief Rescued by the De:
nobleman realizes that the l,l,orkman must be the devii, the der.il devil, who once u'as kilc
takes him to hell, and the day laborer becomes the ou.ner of the plainant swears b!- the de
whole harvest and the bu1l. helps the accused bv carr
court room [G303.2.V.i1j
Remarks: Types 810A, 820, 820A, and 1090 are often combined or the motifs are accused man [Q45.2].]. Cr
mixed in one tale.
Literature/Variants: Woeller 7963; EM: Teufel a1s Tagelöhner (in prep.). Literature/Variants: BP If 566;Sfu
Finnish: Rausmaa 79B2fI.II, No.59, ]auhiainen 1998, No. E461; Estonian: ci L628, cI. 2235; Brückner 197 4, 16l :tot
Viidalepp 1980, No. 105; Latvian: Ambainis 1979, No. 94; Srvedish: Bondeson Advokat (in prep.).
1880, 68, Bondeson 1886, 111; Norrvegian: Flatin7922,6; Danish: Holbek 1990, Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tf. II, Nos-,:^
No.24; Irish: Ö Stiilleabhäin/Christiirrsen 1963; English: Briggs 1.970f .8I,6(t, tonian: Aarne 1918, Loorits 1959" l
Spanish: Rey-Henningsen 1996, No.21, Camarena/Chevalier lgglff.Ill;German: Kristensen 1881ff. IV No. 54; Nonre
Woeller 1959, Nos.53-55; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; 145; Spanish: Camarena / Chevalier l
Ukrainian: Öendej 1959, 6911.; Votyak: Kecskemdti /Paunonen 1974. 18, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch:
German: Peuckert 1932, No. 197, Ra,
8204 46, Grir:;.m DS/Kindermann-Bieri
The Deztil Mows with a Magic Sickle. A poor old innkeeper work-s n
No. 1195; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 19
as afarmhand for a rich Iandlord. The malicious foreman abuses the
Krzy2anowski 1962f. I, No.8214; Ru_<
workmen but especially the innkeeper who cannot mow as fast as Ryökovoj 1990,203ff.; Mexican: Ro
the others. Cascudo 1954, No. 24.
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460 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.+ FFC284

8218 Chickens from Boiled Eggs. A traveler (soldier, sailor, merchant, Literature/Variants:
student) eats a meal of eggs in an inn and leaves without paying. Portuguese: Cardigos (forthc..:- :'
Some years later when he returns to pay his debt, the innkeeper Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, \r :_.
claims the value of all chickens that would have hatched from the Egyptian, Algerian: El-Shan-n I =
eggs in the meantime. The traveler cannot (is not willing to) pay
such an enormous sum, so the irurkeeper brings the case to trial. The 8218* The Deztil as Host ttt D,:
traveler meets a man (devil, farmer, shepherd, servant, wise mary they 1ike, but in he1, .' -
lawyeq, Gypsy, child) who offers to act for him as his lawyer. fathom-long handle. .-
On the day of the trial the lawyer comes late and excuses himself greedy and selfish r.:-.. --

by explaining that he was cooking beans (other seed) for planting people feed one rn '

[1119L.2]. The judge states that cooked beans could not germinate,
and the lawyer answers that chickens could not be hatched from Literature/Variants: Schu-arz :- : -:
Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Rumari. :' -
boiled eggs. The case is rejected (the devil carries off the judge). Cf.
No. .9228; Jenish: Jason 196r
Types 875, 875E, and920A.

Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other
822 Christ as Matchrnak;r '-

types, esp. 87 5, 920 A, and also 922. ous Girl).On their . .

Remarks: Documented in jewish texts from the 13th century. the grass. When tl'.. . -.
Literature/Variants: BP Il,368f .; Pauli/Bolte 1924II, No. 807; HDM 1 (1930-33) with his foot. Latcr .- -
1.2-14; Goebel 1.932,198-201; Scdalaithe i Sc6il 1986; EM 10 (2002) 1454-1460 briskly on the jr rr . '

(C.Goldberg). rewarded, Ch ri-r a l r'

Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff.II, Nos. 64 1.0L,129; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. then thev would crr:-.--- :
I, No. 186; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits L926;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne
L977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff.II; Wepsian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen1"974; Combination s: 7 52A, 791.
Swedish: Liungman 1961; Danish: Kristensen 1900, No. 37, Holbek 1990, No. 25; Literature/Variants: Schun.ra:-.:- _
Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929; Scottish: Briggs 1970t. All,100; Irish: Ö hÖgain lOaS, Wesselski 1925, No. 22; Tübach ,:-: -
102f.; French: Delarue/Tendze1964ff.IV 1; Spanish JimlnezRomero etaL1990, Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. II \.
-:
No.49, Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.lIl; Basque: Rarke1972, No. 144 Frey/Brett- Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. , - .
schneider 1982,136ff.;Portuguese: Coelho 1985, No. 4T,Cardigos (forthcoming); 7977; Lithuanian: Kerbelr'ti',- - -'
Dutch: Kooi 2003, No. 45; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Kooi/Schuster 1993, No. 116; Ger- Swedish: Liungman 1q6 l:'\ .

man: Meyer 1932, No.821, Ranke 1955ff. III; Ladinian: Decurtins 1896ff.1l, No.31; No. 1247; Scottish: Bauglrm. . .

Italian: Cirese/Serafini197l;Hungarian: MNKIII; Czech: Tllle1929ff.II2,436f.; ish: Camarena/ Chevalier .l y; l

Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1991f. I, Nos. 31,249,321,338; Slovene: Slovenski gospodar Vasconcellos / Soromenho et ... ,,-
15 (1881) 293f.; Macedonian: Piliökova1992, No. 21; Rumanian: Stroescu 1969 | Dutch: Bodker et al. 1963, 11_- .
No. 3023; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek Megas 1956f.I1, No. 39, Megas/Puchner 1998; German: Merkens 1892ff. I. \r, --
Polish: Krzyäanowski 1962f. I, No. 875*, Coleman 1,965, 283ff ., Simonides/ 82, Benzel 1962, No. 184, Ka':i:-,. :
Simonides 1994, No. 245;Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/ not.72; Swiss: EM 7 (1993) E6: .. -
Boratav 1953, No. 295; Jewish: Gaster 1924, No. 329, Jason 1975, No. 920*E, Haboucha 135; Ladinian: Büch1i/Brr-rnrr.,: - : -
1992; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Azer- 1975; Sardinian: Cirese/ Serair;-,,-
baijan: Achundov t968,191.ft.; Kazakh: Sidel'nikov 1958f1.1,354ff.; Georgian: 578, Jech 1984, No. 52IVIII; S-,-' ..
Kurdovanidze 2000; Oman: EI-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984 No. 8218, cf. Kocbek lq2b,3b; Serbian: r. ..
No. *3028; Chinese: Tingl978; Spanish-Americary Mexican: Robe 1,973;Chilean, Djordieviö 1988, Nos. 111-113: C: .
Cuban: Hansen 1957;Puerto Rican: Mason/Espinosa 1924 No. 45; West Indies: Stulli 1975a, Nos. 4, 33; Mace:--. ,
Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: Parsons 1923bI, No. 23; Libyan: El-Shamy 2004. Rumanian: Birlea 1966 II, 4ESi:
BFP; Albanian: Mazon 1936, \: :.
821A* Deoil's Trickery Separates Matied Couples and Friends. Miscel- 1998; Polish: Krzy2anowski t;:_
laneous type. Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; C', :.
Japanese: Ikeda lq7l, Nos. q30C l'
Malagasy: Razafindramiandra 1J: :
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l:3i.il;};;'S"räfi,:1"#:Jllf§ srq ,{ed tr1
!9lI'Zü'soN ,lZ6I rraoue>1[e; :uerqras
'{r"rD 1(Bunuocrl]ro;) so8rp;e3 :asan8nlroj 'Surdpd ]nor{llm sa^eaI pue Lrur
L:
:sluuIre^/arnlerallf 'luEllrrau tolres tarplos) ra1a.r:_.
rgn sa1elsno-Bffi-: iSz fc{ rarl+j
462 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

822* The Mythical Creditor (previously The Deail Lenils Money to the Combinations: 571.
Man). Asupernatural being (devil) lends money to a poor man on Literature/Variants: EM 5 (1987) l;
the condition that he will claim the man's soul if the man does not seiner Frau (in prep.).
repay the debt within one year. When the poor man comes to pay his Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 5i:
debt, the supernatural being is no longer there (is dead, is killed by 197 7 ; Lithuanian: Kerbelyt ö 1999ä.

lightning or has been disappeared secretly) 1K221,.4). Serbian: Öajkanovit 1922 No. 101. I
I, 3401f ., 355f{., IJr, 395ff ., 397 tr.; Butg
In some variants the farmer avoids having to repay his debt to
SUS; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskemdti
the devil by giving excuses, or he exempts himself from the obli-
2000; Spanish-American: TFSP 1l i
gation to pay by solving the devil's riddles (cf. Type 812),by des-
troying the written agreemenf or by giving the devil a brooding hen 825
instead of his mother or his "pungent smell" instead of his soul.
The Deoil inNoah's Atkl
various anecdotes dea_lin
mentioned do not all occ
Remarks: Documented in |ohannes Praetorius, Daemonologia Rubinzalü silesü
(1662). Cod commands Noa
Literature/Variants: EM 5 (1987) 1277-1279 (L. G. Barag). . deluge [A101t A1021]. In
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 66; Estonian: Aarne 1918, Loorits 1959, No. 157; is silent or the axe nev€
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne L977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö L999ff .lll, l7Z No.2.1.2.2; [H1199.13, cf. H1116.1, Fl
Lappish: LagercratzlglTff.II, No. 360; Livonian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen1974; The devil finds out th
Swedish: Liungman 1961; Luxembourg: cf. Gredt 1883, No.464; German: preuß Noah's wife. He perzuad
1912,39ff., Ranke 1955ff. IIf Benzel 1952 No. 98, Rarrke 1966, No. 65; Hungarian: 1K2213.4.21, so Noah tells
MNK I, Nos. 30, 31,,78; Czech: ]ech 1984, No. 83; Slovakian: polivka 1923tf .ly, c303.14.1.7, K2213.41. \c
l26f .; Sorbian: Schulenburg 1.882, 581.; Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS.
to rebuild it. By performi
able to keep the devil arr-
823A* AMother Dies of Eright When She Learns That She Was About to A gong calls the anin
Commit lncest with Her Son. A mother (of Solomon) has a rendez-
barred but finally thev a-l
vous with a young man. FIer son (Solomon) disguises himself and
the fly 1A2031,.21, fabu.iou
goes to the meeting place instead of the young man in order to test
phoenix 1A2232.41 and th
her chastity [N383.3, T412.2]. (The mother caresses him and he de-
By a ruse the deril r
nounces her. She curses him: the tree should swallow him. Solomon
Noah's wife (at her brea_.
carves a violin while sitting inside the tree.) Cf. Type 920A".
does not enter the ark unt
the devil 1C72.5.1,K4S51. C
Remarks: Under the impact of the Secundus story, whose Greek version was
already known in the second century C.E. gnaws a hole in the ark
Literature/Variants: Krappe 1927,181-190; Tubach 1969, No. 2783;EMZ (lg9g) swallows the mouse. Hell
232; Schw ar zbaum 1 981, 596f .; Hansen 2002, 284-287 . to close the hole with pani
Icelandic: Gering 1882iI1, No.1; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. N383.3; Italian: (tortoise, salamander r;
Cirese/Serafini1.975; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Bulgarian: cf. BFR No. *920"; demands fresh (humanit
Serbian: KaradZie 1937, No.43; Ukrainian: SUS, No.920*; jewish: |ason 1965; uge, Noah throws the
Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. I, No. 51; Mexican: Robe 1973; Egyphan: El-Shamy 2004.
-r1
the wind and turn into t'lc

824 The Deail Lets the Man See His Wife,s llnfaithfulness. He trans- Literature/Variants: Dählhardt 1fir,
forms the husband into a goat which he brings to see his wife and Sartori); rJtley 1960, 67 -7 l; lJtler 79
her lover [K1531]. 387; Tubach 1969, No. 3478; RanJ<e 19-
In some variants the devil (wood spirit) shows a man how false 1988,319-335; EM 10 (2002) 4s-54 (t
his wife is by bringing her a sack of go1d. In order to keep the money, Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. 825-, Loi
L97 7 ; Lithuanian: Kerbelyt ö 7999ti.
she agrees to cut off the head of her sleeping husband. The man
1951, No. 36, Kecskem6ti / Paunonen
awakes in time and punishes his wife. Cf . Type 9218.
Hodne 1984,178; Icelandic: Boberg 1!
/ulgqqEallgls e :r{srrl :legt'lz}ly'soN'996I Sreqog :rrpuElarl 18lI ?86I aupoH 'gtZe adtt JJ .:.
:uer8a.ra.ro11 !1961uew8uw-I :r{srpa^ÄS '.tr761uauouned/Ilgura)s)a» '9€ 'oN '196I uetu aLIJ 'pueqsnq Surdaals :.-
sq)nC-so>lod :uerueftdg !Z'Z'Z'Z 'oN l? '[l'lt6661 aldyaqra; lueüerrqlr-I!Ll6I aql daa>1 o] Japro uI L.-i.
aupayq/s[gry :uer^]e'I jSgI 'oN /696I s]rroo'l'*EZ8 'oN /816I aurev:ueruolsf, "(auotu
'(*o't 'tt) vg-Bv «002) 0r NiI 19€€-6r€ '886I asleJ MoLIueur E sltolls- (]!.rld. ,:
t
Sraqzurs :ZVffigV 276 1 qcFtl.o. d lrz I' oN Z 16I a1re\I 18lr€' oN' 69 6l We qr't : 18€
tgg6lu;neqztemqrs :w-Ot'gqil srzvral 11961 ,1a0n:U-L9 'Or51 fatl61 1(uolres pue aJrM srq aas o1 s8uuq au u:
'd) lprEguqpC :sluEuE^/arnteFtl'I -suerl aH 'ssaulnlqyrutun s,a.1t
',"
'lttil (Et,t-Vt,il 9 VCH !V6Z-L9Z'I'Jlt06I
'[1OOZV] (solrnbsoru €aq) seag 8ur»cnspoolq o]ur urnl pue prnm aq] 'p667 dueqg-1g :uer1d,{8t t€_r. .
yllm pea;rds saqse sll 'a.rr; ,{1oq e olur luad;as erü smortp qeop 'a8n 1E961 uosef :qsr,rtaf 1*976 o1 : -
1*026* 'oN ilCS 'ir :uer.re81ng r.,. _
Jap aql ragy'd1aq s1r ro; dep drara poolq (ueunq) qsary spueuap :uPrlPt[ :t'€gtN'oN'{-6bt
]uad.ras aq; '3n1d p se pasn are (llqqer 'rapuerueles 'asrolro1)
_D!
fr]' _. >,_
slelurue rallpurs 1(asou'lrpl) dpoq rraql;o ped glyvr aloq aql asolr ol /696I r-tr'.,r:'
lago (8op'qsrl'areq'1uad.ras) slerurue IrydIaH'asnour aq] srltollervrs G66L) IWA!fftZ 'oN
]eJ e lnq '[t'SggtV] lI äuIS o] sarr] pue >Ire aql uI aloq B surreu8 sP^^ UOTSIAA IJAJJ JcOq.\\ r* .-
'asnour E Jo ruro, aql ur'lr^ap agl'preoqug'[SSf»'f 'S'Zff,] II^ap aq]
ol passarppe asrnr e qtIM raq sller qeoN Irlun )rp arü ra+ua lou saop '*y0z6add1 '13 ('aar1 a';- .
aqg '(.uopeqs raq ur talseq-ryo,ra. raq ur 'lsearq raq +e) aIrM s,r{eoN uoulolos 'LUILI plnol1: r:
reau sepq ar{ :Tre ar{l ralua o1 saBeuew p^ap aq+ asnr e dg -ap aq puE IUILI^{oIIE^\S
sassalef IaLIlrr'.L
'[o'E'ress] luer8 aq] pue [T'ZtZZy] xruaogd lsJl ol rapJo ur upLU Suno i..11 .
aq+'l€'VIZZy] uroerun aq] a>l{ sarntearr snopqeJ 'lZ'ttOZVl dg aqt pue Jlastuq sasrn8srp (uorutr1,..:
'slrasur aql'fZ'gVIZv] luadras ar{l :ra}ua 1e daql dlpury }nq parreq -zapuar e seq (uoruolos Jo) raLIr
are sarnlearr aruos '{re aql preoq o} sleurrue aq} sller SuoB y o1 lnoqv sDA4 aqs law sutüa7 .
ZrE aql uror; de,u.e p^ap aql daal o1 ayqe
sr r{EoN (ap.rrc rale.rt) pn+tr Burqseaa. e Sunu.royrad dg '1r ppnqa.r o1 'sns :uPrureJ>ln,Lre l! > :-,
.troq rur{ s}cnr}sur la8ue ue pue sdaazrt qeoN '[7'SIZZ) 'I'I'7I'90€D 'LI'lJtZ6I_ e>l^]lod :uerTe^olq :: \
'p] 1;e aq] sdo,4sap p^ap arp pue tarras srq sllal r{BoN os'[Z'yEIZAÄ1 :uerre8unll ig9'oN /996I a)uEU i^
1ur.rp Surlecrxolur uE qeo11 a,tr8 ol rar{ sapensrad all
'a}rm s,qeoN unrrd :uPl'rlral :tgf 'oN ,cgg I I l-
luor, )re aq+ Jo uorlJnr+suoJ arD Jo ]arJas aq+ +no spuu I^ap eqJ lfl6I uauounpd/rlgura{sla) :ur- -.
' :z'z t'z oN tll 'lil 'JJ6b6t lt i..-
[zegt' t' gtttH' p' tr' 66tru] llgl 'oN /696I strroo.l ,g16I atu:-
>1co1q Surddor.{r auols aq} uo 1np sla8 ra^au axe aql ro }ualrs sr
.lBereg r
raurweq aqt'+arf,as >Iror aq1 daal o1 .rapro uI'[IZSIV'9ISIV] a8nlap
aql adecsa ol larras ur ärE aql pgnq ol r{eoN spuewl'uor po3 usafs upzutqnll atBolouow?ue :r- _
'luerJe^ a18urs due ur Jn)Do IIp lou op pauoquau
.
slqoru ar{I 'TrE s,r{eoN ur Ihap arp q}Izvr Suqeap sa}op)aue snorre^ 'lnos srv Jo pPatsur
,,llru. r'..
sasr.rduroc addl snoauellof,srw sryl '[gS7)] tltv stqaoNut paa1 aW 9Zg uatl Surpoorq e Ir^ap aql 8ur.u-= -.
-sap dq '(719 ad[,1 ';c) salppru :
'lJlTI (9€,61) ZI dS{J :uerrrauv-qsruedg 16667 -rlqo aLIl ruorJ Jlasurn{ s1duiar.. :
:
azprueloprnyl uer8roa3 :l 16T uaüour.pd / Ilgrua>Isra) :rrelN / sfluaraqf, jSnS ot ]qap srq .{edar o1 Suraeq spr-. .
:uerureDlll'uerssruoladg'uprssny 14gg:uerre8pg:'Ill6t ,11961'l1g1^$gge ''fi1re 'I 'Ir'tEZ»] (d1ta.r:as :
gg6leaqlg:ueruprun5 1II'oN '69619rrtour[o6?0l 'oN tLz6l)r^ouen[e3 :uerq.rag
llIt'yge1rarlu^aq)/Euarerup3:qsruedg fi'llOOOtaldlaqra; :uerueniT4-ll4;6T {q pnnU sr 'peap sr) araq} ra8uc,
aupayq/sfpry:uer^te'I 1816I aurev:ueruo]sg 79 'oN 'II'1IZ861 eerusne5 :qsr-uulC srq ded o+ saurot uetu rood aLIj r-1: -.
'('dard ur) n€rC rauras lou saop uel-u aLI] Jr Inos s,uelu .-.
anarlull arp uuelN urap 13raz g INf, :sluelrp6/arnluralr1 uo ueur ;ood B o1 dauotu spLra] .
IaInaJ :INf, :lglz (lg6l)
'Il9 :suolleulquo) at11 oq liauoy,J spual ltoaT aqJ- ,
€,9t sapl snor8qall 782 ){C r8z lc{ I l--r
E--
bt--*. -.-_.-*_-_i::*r_-***-_
_r
q
aI
464 Hans-lörg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

Christiansen 1953; French: Delarue/Tendze1964ff. IV 1; Spanish: Goldberg 1998, OTHER RELII

No. A1021; Portuguese: Custödio/Galhoz1996f.I,135ff., Cardigos (forthcoming)
Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyere 1925ff. IV, No.338; German: Hubrich-Messow
2000, Nos. 42236.L, A2378.5.1,8527.2; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975; Maltese: 827 APious Innocent Mat tr
Mifsud-Chircop 1978, No. 1638,; Hungarian: MNK III, Dömötör L992,No.57; herd Knozas Nothing of
Serbian: Esctrker 1992, No. 72;Bosrian: Krauss 1914, No. 118; Rumanian: Amzulescu in his own way and ne
1974,53; Bulgarian: BFP; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I, No.282; Russiary Byelo- teaches him how to prar
russian: SUS; Abkhaz: Sakryl 1975, No. 93; Votyak Kecskem6ti/P aunonenL974; the pious man forgels tl
Indian: cf. Hertel 1953, No. 8; Chinese: Ting1978; Vietnamese: Karpov L958, 125; walking on the water [D
Polynesian: Kirtley 1971, Nos. A1015, A1,021, A2001, F837; New Zealand: Kirtley recognizes the man's ho1
1971, No. A1,021,; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff .lY 1; South American
is pleasing to God.
Indian: Wilbert / Sim oneau 1992, Nos. 41015, A1021.
Combinations: 826.
826 List of Sins on Cowhide (previously Deoil Writes down Names of Literature/Variants: Javorskij 1gtl;
Men on Hide in Church) 1G303.24.7.31. A pious clergyman has a 1924, 29 1-29 6 ; S chw ar zb aum 1 95!
vision in church: he sees the devil at the altar writing down all the Finnish: Rausmaa1.982ff.II, \o. .
sins of the participants of the mass. In the name of God he takes the Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Xe
list, reads it to the community, and everyone repents. The devil Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 797 4; Sr-n
leaves the church. Liungman 1961, No.827*; Icelandic
1998, No. D2125.1, Camarena," Che.r
Combinations: 827. 1980, No.28;Catalan: Karlinger E
Remarks: Documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. |acques de Vitry, Sermones Sinninghe 1943, L39 No. 411; Genr
oulgares (]acques de Vitry/Crane, No. 19). Popular as a proverbial phrase. Cammann 1980,234f.; Austrian: o.
Literature/Variants: Kaufm ann1.862,39f.; Bolte L897 a, 249-266; Basler 1927 , 139; No.222, MNK III; Serbian: Karac
Harder 1927f.,111-117; Wildhaber 1955; Röhrich 1962f.11,11T123,267274;Meyer Djordjeviö 1988, No. 114; Croatian
1964,61-65;BäLint1968f.,4043;Tubach-1.969, No. 1630; Alsheimer 1.971., tSL; Miliopoulos 1955, l07f ., cf. öepenli
Rasmussen 1972,455464; Moser 1978,147-167; Scheiber 1985,177f.; EM 6 (1990) Krzy2anowski 19621. l; Russiaru Br-,;
696; Cooke 1993, No. 206;E}d: Sündenregister auf der Kuhhaut (forthcoming). No. 32, Jason 1965, No. 8224, Jasrn
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff., Nos. 68, 69, Jauhiainen1,998, No. E1226; Estoniän: No. 36; Armenian: Tchdraz 1912" \c
Aarne 1918, No.59, Loorits 1959, Nos. 159,206; Livonian: Loorits 1926;Latvian: ican Indian: Wilbert/Simoneau trfl
Aräjs/Medne 1977;L1+huan;Ln: Kerbelyte 1999tr.11;Lydian: Kecskemdti/Paunonen
1974;Syrlarnan: Fokos-Fuchs 1951, No. 17, Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;Swedish: 828 See Type 173.
Liungman 1961, No. 826*; Norwegian: Hodne 1984, Nos. 7598,825; Danish:
Kristensen 1896f .II, No. 4; Dutch: ]anssen 1978,79ff.; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flem- 8304 The Boastful Deerslayet.
ish: Meyer 1968; German: Preuß l9t2,53ff ., Peuckert 1932, Nos. 189-191, Röhdch
he feels neglected. Al o_
1962f.I, No. 6, Henßen1963, l42f .,Moser-Prath1964, No. 242, Rehermann 1977,
will certainly help him- lt
141,261f. not. 8; Swiss: jegerlehner 1909,1791., Nos. 19, 20, |egerlehner L9L3,
a deer. While he is skinrr
235ff.;Austrian: Vernaleken 1859, No. 19, Haiding 1965, No. 74;Hungarian: MNK
IIf Bihari 198O No. J VII.1, Dömötör 1992, No. 378;Czech:Dvoläkli78, No. 1630; points out that God ha,l
Slovakian: Polivka1923tr.IY,24ff.; Slovene: §aSery fOOOf. [,218f.; Serbian: öajkanoviö his own ability. The ol.j
1934 I, No. 120; Croatian: Stojanoviö 1862 No. 16, Bo§kovi6-Stulli 1963, No. 5Z [Q227.6, Q223.2, E1 61]. r
Bulgarian: BFP; Polish: cf.Krzyianowskt1962f.I, No. 827; Sorbian: Schulenburg helped him to catch the i
1882,86; Russiary Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; |ewish: lason1976, No. 32. In some variaats the r
(the bones on the leg rese
explained as a result of d

Literature/Variants: Dähnha_rdt 1 g_1

271; EM 6 (1990) 12-16 (U . Masine r

Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. 830*, Lör

1.62; Latvian: Aräjs /Medne 1977;51

ü§§§
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'oN '686I
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aurey:uEruo+sil
'9161
'99-n9'ZOOZ uasueH 1(3urse7r1 'n) 9I-A (066I) 9INg,:ttZ
tgg'Iutr]eqzte^trps :I0g'ZZZ^llg'9f 'III'11106l +prequqEo:stupue
/arnlErall.I
'ssacord Suruur:{s aq} ro }lnsar e se paureldxa
a.re (3a1 aq+ uo .rreq da.r8 aq+ 'ay1r1 e Surlqruasa.r 8al aq] uo sauoq aql)
'Zg oN'9161uosel:qsr,r.r.ai < -
I;;ZttZVldgaq s,raap arü uo slods ayqm aq+ s+uerre^ auos uI Srnqualnqtg:uerqrosllzg'o-\
'reep eqt qrler ol runl padlaq -
119 'oN '996I IIInIS-?l^o>lsog ,..
poD terü alel oot spuetsrapun uet;u Azelar{I 'hglil '6€ZZO'ylzzöl
rr,rouel[e3 :uerqras :ßIZ,Il 1gtn
deo.e sunr 1I pue raap aql salr^ar ueur plo agl dlrpqe umo snl
10e9I'oN'g16l {pIo^C :r{f,az) :i_ :
sazrseqdure weut,lze1aql lng 'turq pedlaq per{ poD l€ql lno s+urod
;51n1 :uer.re8unH 1ül oN'!90 . .
pue sreaddear ueur p1o arfi Ieurrue aql Suruuqs fl aq aIqM'raap e i€l6l rauqalraßal,g7,6I so\I
--
sarpler pue arr^pe srq smollol ueut Äzelaql'rur-q dlaq dprepac prrt '
116l uuet]J.ßqa)J,zvz.oN /lgÄ -,
poD pu€ 'detqe las ol lun{ sasr^pe ueru plo uy'pepe18au slaal ar{ qrrr{gd'l6L-6gl'soN'7961 lras: :-
asneraq poD lsure8e sa1qruru8 uew ,lze1y 'nfrapnaq lnfisaog a4a v0€8 -uayg 1epg61 roo» :uprsrrC 1.llt_ .
:qsrupC :9Zg '9691 .soN /tg6I : ,.
'gt1 addl aag 828 :qsrpa.^,ls 1tr16I uauounEd rtgLu:.; :
/
uJuounPJ / qJtrra)sJay :uerp.i1 . .
' :uEr^lp.I :926I slrrcoa :ueruo-\rl :
T' gZIZq'oN'266I neauorurs / UaqlrM :uerpul u€rr
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'(Sunuotq+roj) +neqqn; rap lr,:
'68il'p 1a eIIIefC :qsrprn) l/*lz8 'oN'egg61 uosef §lZ8 'oN t961 uosef 'Zg'oN
'996I doN :qsrzvra{ 15;1g :uenneDlll 'uerssn.ro1a.{g 'uprssn5 1'lZgOt l»srntouezdzr;,1 @66L) 9WElJlll '986I raqrall-a\ _
:qsrlod 14gg:uerreSlng lIgZ'oN,III'JJgg6I ,r.o>pada; .p,.!10I,9961 sopodorlr6l :LgI'Il6L raruraqslv 16991 .o1 -
:ueluoparptr I 1lg 'oN 'e96I IilrySrr^o{§og :u€rleor3 17II 'oN '9961 lrra[prof6 nÄa61:y17-7ez'€Zt-tLt'1 J;o- . -
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'tZ6L rcpeg!997-6tz ,e ßil ---
'ase.rqd p sp rp.r-.-.
'tr961 Ä?ntla:uerre8unll lggz'g96l3urpre11 ';c :uerrlsny 1'Jr€Z'0g6l uueruur€J lerqla,tord
/996I uaSuaH sauouos '.{r1rn ap sanboe{ 3 : .
282 'oN ^ileg'Z16I ünard :u€ruraD 1II7 'oN 6tI'€i6L aq8uruurg
:qr+n6l 1ggg7 1o[n4/loFO'lZ 'oN'896I po8rqg/re8urlrpy :uele]E3 182'oN'086I
rarasel/ra8urlre»'p :anbseg 111 'JJ966I ra{e^aqJ/euarew€)'f gZIZq'oN'g66I
Sreqpyop :qsruedg :y gZtZq'oN'996I S;aqog :rrpu€la)I ?Zg'oN'1961 ueu8unrl
:qsIpaMS 1lI'oN /196I sqrng-soTod :uerue[;.f,5 :V t Ot uauounecl / r]gua{sra» Ir^ap aLII 'sluadar auodra,ra p--
:uprlarp»'ue1pd1 'ueruo.,r.r1 :l'gOe*a/laqray :ueruenqlr-l :7761aupa11ls[gty aql sa>iel aq po3Jo aureuar{l ul
:uer^le'I 109I'oN'696I s+uoo.l:ueruolsg iol'oN'II'lJzg6l Eetusn€U:r{sruurC aLI] IIE u^4.op 8ur1rr,lt relle aql l:
'(3ereg D '-I) 969-1.69 (066I) 9 1r1i:6ZI tgg6l uo.rreqztemr{rs !962-16Z 'rZ,6T e seg ueu,{8ra1c snord V .[S t =
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466 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28] FFC 284

8308 "My Crops Will Thrizte Here zuithout God's Blessittg." (Including Chevalier 7995ff . III; Portuguese:
the previous Types 752C* and 830C-.) Cf. Type 836. This tale exists 1966, Nos. 529,530, Tomkowiak 19
chiefly in four different forms: KaradLie L937, 275, N o. 2; Croatian: 5
(1) A farmer sows crops. Unrecognizecl saints (God) r,vish him Penu§liski 1,989IV, No. 526; Bulgari
God's blessing and a good harvest, but the farmer replies his crop: ish: Jason 1988a, Haboucha 1991; -L
El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph I
u,ill thrive without God's blessing ICasa]. When weeds grorv in his
1973; Dominican, Puerto Ricarr- Harr
field, the farmer is converted.
69 ; Egyptian, Moroccan, Sudane-:
(2) A poor and a rich man (farmer, so\\rer, tr,r,o brothers) sou.
crops. Saints (passers-by) greet the poor farmer, "May God help 830C* See Type 8308.
voul" The farmer thanks them for the greetings arrd is rewarded
with a good harvest. The saints greet the rich in the same wav but 831 Clergyman in Disguise
he rejects their greetings by sal,ing that his crops r,r.i]l also grol'
Priest). (Including the pr
without God's blessing [Ca5a]. His harvest is very poor and he in two different forrns:
repents his behavior too late. (1)A poor, miseratrle.
(3) The discourteous sower. A passer-by (God) asks a farmer
angel) a treasure (receire
Rudelv he answers that he is sor,r,ing stones. The
r,r,hat he is sor,r,.ing.
(priest, landlord, rich ne
passer-by wishes him a good harvest, which turns out to be stone
himself in an animal skir
plants. (A farmer tells Christ that he is sowing pumpkins [turnips],
the poor man and tako d
though his seed is maize. Thereupon he harvests only pur.r-rpkins. r

skin off [Q551.2] (until t]

lcf. A2231.11.
(2) The rich rnan (miIl
(4) Weather forecast. Christ asks farmers if there u,ill be rain. Tr.r.o
because the devil him-sell
answer that frogs (foxes, other animals) predict rain. The third farrn-
soldieq. hunter) stavs at tl
er says that he pravs to God for rain. Only the last is blessed with (meets him on his rvav ) ar
rain. (Cf. Type 9218..)
Type 750G".)
Literature/Variants: Basset 1924f{.1[,159 No. 100; EM 6 (1990) 12-76 (U. Masing). Combinations: Sometimes combin,
Finnish: Rausmaa 7982ff. I, No. 17; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977; Lithuaniar-r:
Literature/Variants: EM 10 (20C}lr !
Kerbelyte l999ff . II, Nos. 752C., 8308, 830C.; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. tr, No. i1:
1995ff.lII, No. 752C., GonzLlezSanz7996, No. 752C"; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003, J

Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. 831'. Lt

No. 752C*; Portuguese: Soromenho / Soromenho 7984f . t, No. 170, Soromenho
1977 ; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ü.
Soromenho 1984f.11, Nos.669,670, Cardigos (forthcoming), No.752C*; Frisian: Kooi
385, Schiller 1902 No. 10, Watzlüi n
1984a; German: Nimtz-Wendlandt 1961, No. 53; ltalian: Cirese/Serafini 1975, No.
No. 831*; Austrian: Depiny 193?, l::
752C*; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978, No. *752D, cf. No. .7538; Hungarian: MNK
garian: MNKIII; Czech: Tille 1919n:.
III; Serbian: Djordjer.iölMilo§evi6-Djordjeviö 1988, No. 102; Bulgarian: BFp:
1923ff . IV, 126; Macedonian: Öepeni
Creek: Megas/Puchner 1998, No.830C*; Russian, Bvelorussian: SUS, No.752C*;
1972, No.53; Bulgarian: BFP; Grerel:
Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 830B, B30B*; Brazilian: Alcoforado/Albän 2001, No. 46.
Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f. I; Soöi
russian, Ukrainian: SUS; Chinese: Ti
830C "If God Wills." This miscellaneous type comprises various tales, all 1977ft.
of which connect the phrase "If God wills" r.vith an event in an
instructive or funny wayr In most variants a person's efforts meet 832 The Disappointed Eishr.'
with successive misfortunes because he forgets to say "If God wills" fishes (bread) for him-sel
1N38s.1, U15.0.11. Cf. Type 835. greedy parents kill the cl
more fish (bread) for ther
Literature/Variants: Wesselski 1914, No. 55; Basset 7921ff. I, 421 No. 128;
Schwarzbaum 1968,271f ., 477; EM 6 (1990) 72-16 (U. Masing); Marzolph 1992LL
only two fish (the fuh di
No.4BI. more bread) [Q553.5, cf. {

Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 7999ff.11; Spanish: Childer.s 19218, No. 1151..4*, Camarena,

Literature/Variants: Schmi dt 1999.
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:surroJ +uaraIJrp o1v\+ ur
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!
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Tnoluada;:LreruopaJel I10'oNZggI 7r.r.ouefolg:ueqeor31Z.oN,glZ,lt6l).tV?e:r.,»
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L9' sap; snor8qag ,82 ICC 782 ICC
re E
468 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E1 FFC284

Finnish: Rausmaa I982ff.II, No. 72; Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. 832*, Loorits 1959, Lebedev 1990, No. 55, E1-Sl-L.r::-.. _
No. 165 (832*);Latvian: Aräjs/Medne7977;Llthttanian: Kerbelytö1999ff .II; Livo-
nian: Loorits 1926, No. 832*; German: cf. Berger 2001, No. 832**; Slovakian: Marzolph 1984, No. E34A; In; .::
Michel 1944, Polish: Krzyianowskt 1962f .I; }ewish: }ason 1965, 1988a;
201{f .; No. 8344, Jason 1989, Nos i:- ' ,
Iranian: Lorimer/Lorimer 1919, No. 51, Marzolph 1984, No. 327 lb; Japanese: Aung 1954, 182ff.; Chinese: T-:- . -'
lkeda1971,; SouthAfrican: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 1150. No. 1;Japanese: lkeda Io .'.
Spanish-American, Meric;rn. F. - --.
834 The Poor Brother's keasure. (Including the previous Types 834A Brazilian: Romero/Cascudc, _::- '

and 16458*.) This miscellaneous type comprises various tales all gentine: Karlinger/Pög1 19:- ).. _

feafuring the phrase "God determines" or "God will care for all" (cf. 8344, 16458*; Libyan: El-Sh:.:-- _
Psalm 1.27,2). l6z15B*; Tunisian: Stumm. I

A person (spouse, brothel, sister, girf marL relative , a rich, alazy

man, neighbor, friend, servant) tells his dream to another person 8344 See Type 83{.
(spouse, brother, sister, relative, a pool, neighbor, friend, servant)
saying that in a certain place a treasure is buried (finds a treasure) 835* See lvpe 1706D
lN531l.
The second person tries to dig up the treasure at the indicated 835A* See Type 7706E.
spot (tries to dig up a treasure at the same spot), or a third person
(thieves, neighbor) overhears the conversation and digs there. But 836 Pride is Punished, _.,: _

instead of the treasure the person unearths only a dead dog (dead in his thoughts (in a :. - .
caf some toads, beetles, pot of ants, pot of serpents [N182], pot of even God could nr.. . .,
glowing embers, pot of dung, skeleton). Angered by this deception his propertr is crrr)1.- ,
he/she throws the animal (pot) into the house (bed, through the he stays poor for li-.. :.-.
window, through the roof) of the dreamer, and everything is trans-
Remarks: Numerous variar,:. . ..
formed into gold (silveq, money) 1D7454} Cf. Types 947A,1645.
moved to Type 7364.
Literature/Variants: Alsheinr.: - -
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1.892ff.II,115 No. 89; Henßen 1938; Schwarzbattm
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982fi.II )i . -
1968,75-78,456f.; Legman 1968f.11,918f.; Ranke 1976,415424;EM5 (1987)1361;
EM: Schatz des armen Bruders (forthcoming).
Aame 1918, No.836*, Loorits 1::- I ,

Liungman 1961; English: Bni:. - -

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 73, Jauhiainen 1998, No. P562; Finnish-swedish:
33b; Cerman: Meyer I93l I : .
Hackman 1,917f1.II, No. 289; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926;Lat-
Serbian: cf. Karadiiö 1959, i:: I.
vian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Veckenstedt 1883, No. 126, Dowojna-
SylwestrowiczL894,141f.; Icelandic: Boberg 1966, No. N531; Spanish: Chevalier
7989 lI, No. 200; Bulgariar-r: B- -

1983, No.213, Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.III; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. N531;

1965,1975; Chinese: Ting 19. - :- -

Portuguese: Braga1987 I,275, Cardigos (forthcoming); German: Jahn 1889, No.

383, Kubitschekt920,6f., Henßen 1952 No. 118, Ranke lgSSff.III, Berger 2001, 836F* The Miser and the E..,; - .

No. XV B 3; Austrian: Haiding 1965, No. 43; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975, Nos. eye and tells a mi-.- : .

834,834A; Serbian: Djortljeviö/Milo§evi6-Djordjeviö 1988, No. 120; Macedonian: miser copies him a.,.: - .. -
Popvasileva 1983, No. 100, Cepenkov/Penu§liski 1989LI,Nos.220, 222,22J;B:ul- ointment on the rig:-,: .. -
garian: BFP, Nos. 834, 834A, *8348,1,6458*, cf. No. *1.6458**; Albanian: Mazon for he will become b- :- ,:
1936, No.74;Greek: Kretschmer 1917, No. 36,MegaslPuchner 1998, Nos.834, right eye. He is imn.. ..
8344, 16458*; Russiary Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 8341,8842, cf. Nos. 5,D1331.3.1, D1331 I: : .
834*,834**; Türkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1.953, No. 123 (3-6); Jewiih: Nby 1963a,
No. 146, jason 1965, Nos. 834, 1,6458*,lason1975, Nos. 834, L645lH-*, No. 834A, Remarks: Documented in the ,,.
*834,
]ason 1988a, Nos. L645B"; Votyak Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;Georgian: Literature/Variants: Chauvrr-r - i, _
cf. Kurdovanidze2000, No.834A*; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 834A, 1.6458*; 2004, Nos. 349,350.
Palestinian, ]ordanian: EI-Shamy 2004;Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 268, Et-Shamy Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1,977; Irjs-- _
2004, Nos. 834A, 16458*; Persian Gulf: Nowak 1969, No. 270; Saudi Arabian: Meyer 1968, No. 726**; Czechr Ti.-. -

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'(ra;eqrg lrInEqz.rE.4rlits 18€6I uaüuaH :hi
'V) l6II-qgII (0661) g IN3i!6ZI ,116I rauu.taqqy :s1ue1.re6/ernleralrT
'y9g7ad[1o] pa^oru '
aq plnor{s 9gg addl se s3o1e1eo raqlo uI parJrssep s}uprru^ snorarunN :s{reruag 9r9I'y fi6 saddl'13'[rsri r
-:uprj sr Surqi,nra,ra.ra,".-
pro ^.:
'gO€,9'y91l saddl 'y3 'lZttll alH sIrI Io tsar arl+ roJ rood sdels aq aqt qBno.rqt'paq) rsnoLl rrlr
pue (u,,vrop paurnq spq asnoq) padorlsap dlaplduoc sr dpedord srq uorldarap slqt dq pa"ra8uy .l r-r.-_:
arrror{ surn}ar ar{ uar{M '[VSVI) dea,re 1r a)e] ralau plno) poD ua^e ;o 1od '[7g1Nl s]uadrrs.lo 1,,.: -.
lerü asualurur os sr LIIIEa,n,r srq +erp (uoEes.ranuoc e ur) slq8noq+ srLI ur peap) 8op peap E dluo sq1rea,.r-
(sseur Surlnp uago) slseoq (ueuroa.r) ueur r{)rr V .paqsxuncl s? ap4cl 9€g
]ng 'aralil s8rp pue uorlesra.\1.,-.--
uosrad prlql e ;o ,(1ods aurEs :.-._
'3;gOtI addl aag palPrrpul aql )P alnsParl äql ..:.
*V998
'C90LI addl aag (arnseaJl e spurl) parrnq sr arr.:l
*S€8
(lue.L;as /puarr, ,;oqq8rau ,rtttr; .
'76 addl aag y?€8 uos;ad Jallloue ol urearp srll :, r
Azele 't1trt E ,a^rJeia.r ,ueur ,1:r: .. -
'Vt€g'oN 'tr997,{wetqg-lg :asauepns lgz .oN /006I aurunts :uersrunl !*ggt1gl
'o11'7997 druer{Slg :uerroroy{ 1{gg79l 'op ,7667 drueqglg :uedqr-I!.gg7gl,VVeg 'p) ,,lle lo
roJ ar€r IIIM poD,, ,. s_r -.
'soN 't002 dureqglg :uurraSly,ueqdd8g 167 .oN ,796113941n8ur1.rey :au4ua8 IIe salpl snorJe^ sasr;duror a.l . -
-rV:UZg** 'oN 296I uasuelf :uealrq3 160 .oN /fg6l opn)se3/orourog :ue{rzerg yTgg sad,{1 snor.tard aql BLrrp:-.-
:Z66Lesopga4:uude14 !*gg7gl 'tgg'soN ,tßlaqo>J:uerrxatr l tuerr.ratuy-gsruedg
IVVAS'Vtg'soN''11116lemezo f epeul ,Vr€B .oN ,116I epa11 :esouedef 11 'o11
'7761 morc;4 :asarueular ly1,€g' V€g'soN,g161 3ur1 :asaurq3 !. 11791,y961 8uny :asauede{ !q,r zzt ,uru!tfj,.,- '
urlH :asarurng 1I 'oN /1002 urnq)relg,Vt€g ,7€g .soN ,6961 uose[,Vütg .oN "*
188861 '996I uose{ :qsr_,ne{ 1I .1a"., .
/096I sgaqo5/uosduroql
^I1BI'6g61"rar{)snel:uerpul 1Vr08.oN ,trg61qdpzte1a :uer>lE^ols i**Z€g .oN ,1002 la;-:.--
:ueruerl iV7€8'oN'7997 dureqg-19 :re;e§ !*qg7gl.oN ,7002,,(ureqglg :qremn» -o^r'I III JJ666I At^laqra) :uErlrpr.L:
:Vgg7 [urcqg-If, :ueuro !*gg7gT 'V7€g 'soN ,ygg7 f,urct1g-lil ,q9 .oN /066I 'hcbl \lrrool'*ZfB'oN .gI6l .rtu,...
^apaqa.I
69t sa1e1 snor8rjay 182)tA ,82 fJC
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474 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

1995ff.III; Bosnian: Schütz 1960, No. 1; polish: Krzy2anowski Lg62f.I, No. g06;
Literature/Variants: Kirchhl: - .-
]ewish: Jason 1965, 1975, 1,988a; Armenian: cf. Hoogasian-Villa 1,966, No. 17; 113 No. 95; Pauli/Bolte 19l-+ , t -
Saudi Arabian: Nowak 1969, No. 169; Syrian, palestiniary ]ordaniary lraqi: El-
366; Pederseni Holbek 1961: .. ,.
Shamy 2004; I,anian: Marzolph 1984; Spanish-American: Robe 1973; puerto
No. 3488; Dömötör 1985. 1a-_ i
Rican: Hansen 1957, No. 836"*Mi Mayan: Peflalosa 1992; Egyptian: Littmann (forthcoming).
1955 No. 4, El-Shamy 2004; Moroccary Sudanese: El-Shamy ibö4.
Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. !l:-
-
838*; Latvian: Aräjs, Me.in. . ---
837 The Beggar's Breail (previously Hoz, the wickeit Lord was punish- Irish: O Suilleabhäin, Chri-n.J- - -
ed). Abeggar (female beggar) periodically receives a loaf from a rich Chevalier 7995ff . III; portu: _. -..
man (his wife). (A rich miser refuses to give food to a beggar.) When- 605, 628, Cardigos (forth.. l .
-
ever the beggar receives the bread he states, "Everything you do, Nos. l4o, 147; Swiss: Bir,I-. . :
you do it to yourselfl" The rich man becomes tired of this (angry Italian: Todorovid-Strähl L-::,.. .

about the beggar/s words, wants to get rid of the beggar) so he (and Hungarian: György 193-1, \l - .

his wife) puts poison into the beggar's bread. 1978, No. 3488; Macedoria.- _

Further on his way the beggar meets a hungry young man (trav- T1l, cf. Nos. 214,348, t\; \, a-
KrzyLanowski 1962f .Ii Rus..: - :
eler) to whom he gives his bread. The young man dies and it turns
Kurdish: c{. DZalila et a1. l.:r I,
out that he is the son of the rich man. So the beggar/s statement was
Jason 1989; Chinese: Ting 1:-: ,.-,
true [N332.1]. tian, Tünisiary Somalian: Ei-S:.:
Literature/Variants: Cf. BP IlI,462; Schwarzbaum 1968,882;E}r'r2 (lg7g) 813-g15
(K. Ranke).
839 One Vice Caties Oii::-.
Estonian: Aame 191& No. 837*; Iatvian: Ara]s/Medne r977;Lrthuanreur: Kerbelyte man (hermj[, m..:.,
1999ff.lr; spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.rr;portuguese: Cardigos (forth- (murder), lust, dn;r._: :
coming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a; German: Thudt/Richter L9iL,Z4f.;Italiin: Cirese/ the least harmful F..-
serafini 1975; Hungarian: MNK III; slovene: vrtec 7 (1877)172;serbian: KaradLit its wake [J485].
1932 No. 73;Croatian: Stojanovii 1862 No.26, BoSkoviö-Stulli 1959, 2b7;Mace_
donian: Öepenkov/Penu§liski 19891I,No.227; Bulgarian: BFp; Greek: Mousaios- Literature/Variants:Köhler i- :- -
Bougioukos 1976, No. 2T,MegaslPuchner 1998; polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; Wickram/Bolte 1903, No. ,I .,,.-_
Russian: Tumileviö 1958, No. 39; Ukrainian: SUS; Türkish: Aganin et al. 1,960, Basset 1924ff. II,22 No. 11; pa.,: : :
213f.; jewish: Larrea Palacin 1952 I, No. 1g Noy 1963a No. 1Z Iason 19gg4 Haboucha 7936, 6l;Schwarzbaum 1965 r. _--
1992; Azerbaijan: Marzolph1987b,82; Armenian: Hoogasian-Villa1966,No.43; Marzolph 7992I1, No. i13; E\l :
Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004;lraqi:. Nowak 1969, No. 295; eatar: El-Shamy 2004; Estonian: Aame 1918, No.Sjy- -
Iranian: Jvlarzolph 1984; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting1,97g; Lithuanian:Kerbelytö l999ii __ ._. .
West Indies: Flowers 1953; African American: Dance 1928, No. 3g9; Egyptian, Christiansen 1963jFrench: D.. .: .
Moroccary Sudanese, Tanzanian: El-Shamy 2004. Chevalier 7995tf .III; Catalanr ),.- - -.
61, Moser 1977, BBf ., Moser-].: - -
838 son on the Gallouts (previously The Bail Rearing). From his child- Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 1S1r : .

hood a mother (in older variants: father) teaches her son to steal (she donian: cf. Öepenkov/pen.-:. .,
Megas/Puchner 1998; polish r,
does not prevent him from stealing).
Ukrainian: SUS; ]ewish: Tasr: --.
He is caught and condemned to death. On the gallows he asks Shamy 2004; Indian: Thonrp- -
for permission to kiss his mother for the last time and bites off her
nose (tongue, ear). He explains that she taught him to steal (that she
839A* The Hermit and tht L;t:..
?poiled him as a child, that this is her punishment for her neglect) monks), the devii {j.. . -
lQ586l. Cf.Type1477. nate him or to get hr . *.
Remarks: The tale of the son on the gallows can already be found in the antique
Or, a man (pupri ., :.
literature (Boethius, De disciplina scholarium, ch. II). Documented in the Midä1e because he does not ::-::
Ages, e.g. Jacques de Vitry, Sermones ztulgares (facques de Vitry/Crane, No. 2g7). cense is burned and,ce:-=,
Thebrotherofthe h= :,
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11
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q
 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC284 FFC 284

the devils discuss their plan sitting under a tree (near a well, at a Literature/Variants:
rock), and warns the hermit. The hermit orders all doors, windows, Finnish: Rausmaa 1982fi. il l.
holes, etc. of the church to be closed. When he burns incense and Danish: cf. Kristensen 190!, \ . _-
asks for heaven's blessings, the devil bursts and mice (spiders)jump Austrian: Zaunert 7926, )::: _ ,
out of his mouth. The bishop throws his gloves, which turn into cats
No. lo8. cf. No. l6q; Ru-ri., -

and catch the mice. Or the hermit crosses himself and in place of the
church (forge), only a stake remains.
841 One Beggar Trrr-sf-r ii: l---
men, shoemakels ::: -
Literature/Variants: Type 9238), the r.r1-.-
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. II, No. 77; Latvian Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lappish: ter), receir.e ttr-o 1.,-., --
Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4, Baftens 2003, No. 51; Macedonian: cf . Cepenkov/ king. In one of tl-ie . - ,- ..
Penu5liski 1989 lI, No. 141; Bulgarian: BFP, No. *839**; Greek: Laogräphia2L filledwithrprc.rr : _
(1963t.) 4911f., Megas/Puchner 1998, No. *839A1; Russian: SUS, Nos. 839*,839A*; thebeggarnIr,' -.
Ukrainian: SUS; |ewish: lason1975;Druze: Falah/Shenhar 1978, No. 17. secular Pol /er.
But the begea:. ., -
840 The Punishments of Men, When a father and his son (travelers) pass trusted in secular: :
the night in a certain house, the son is unable to sleep. He sees wonder- because it rr a- -, i--
ful things happening: a snake creeps from a sleeping man's mouth he agrees th;i r -:
1E733.71into his wife's mouth; a man's head is split by an axe, etc. Tvpe' 745A o-ll .-
In the morning the master of the house explains that these are
punishments of mankind [F171.6) (he explains that the visions were Combinations: 467,736,Iii: -, --.
caused by family disharmony and quarrels). Cl.Type759. Remarks: Documented in i;..= ...
Literature/Variants: Kirchh.-: -.- -
Remarks: Animals (serpent, mouse, ant, etc.) that come out of the mouth of a sleep- I2, No. 131; Pauli/Bolte 1e:t _ I .

ing person or out of their body as a soul-animalfE72l, E730] is also found in other 1936, 102-708; Schr,r,arzbaui-. - -
tales (e.g. Types 8084, 1645A).In those cases the animals have a different function. 1973a,21.0;E}l2 (7979) li: _.:: :
Literature/Variants: BP III, 302-305; Basset 1924ff. IIL 353 No. 209, 532 No. 323; l617-lb I9 (H.-J. Ziegeler
Möttelend 1936, 191-193; Schwarubatm-1968, 64; Salve 1.996; E}r4. Strafen im Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. IL \ - :
|enseits (forthcoming)
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I1,343; Estonian: Aame 1918, No. 840*, Loorits 1959, No. Medne 7977;Lith:uanian: Ke::- .
169; Livonian: Loorits 1926, No. 840*; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: N-vman lq8-+; Jcelandic: 5r ci:---
Kerbelyte 1999ff .lI; Icelandic: Boberg 1966, No. E733.1; Slovene: Kres 2 (1882) 139; 1q98. \o. N35l;portugLre-e: \
Serbian: Cajkanovid 1,927, No.'1,68, cf . No. 169; Bosnian: Preindlsberger-Mrazoviö Hogenelst 7997 II, No. 103; F:,- . l
1905,82ff.; Rumanian: Ure1960,172ff.;Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; 2901., Zender 1984, No. 62, N, :.
Turkish: Eberhard/Borutav 1953, No. 86 IV 5,418f.; Jewish: cf. Noy 1963a, No. 53, Italian:Cirese/Serafini19i1.\' j,
]ason 1965, 1975; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. III, No. 174; Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004; dorrian: Öepenkor lq58f f . Il ' .

Algerian: Riviöre 1882, No. 5. Bulgarian: BFR No. 841, ci, \.,. r:
Megas/Puchner 1998; Polis].. ..:
8408* The ludgments in This Woild. A virtuous mary a robber, and a thief SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Bora:.. . . -
(clergyman, farmer and host [teacher]) ask a hermit (old maru God) 1963a, No. 63, Jason 1965, \.,- -- .
about their fate (which of them is most certain to go to heaven). He Kurdish: Nebez 1q72, o3ff., \l -_
2000, No. 841*; Syrian: E1-Sh,:::- _
tells them to take three different roads, where they spend the night
Shamy 2004; Iraqi: Norr ak lo- - '
in various sifuations. Lorimer 1919, No. 55, Marzoh.:- , -,-
When they come back and tell about their experiences (the first Burmese: cf. Kaseviö/Osipoi
sleeps in a fine house, the second in a forest during a storm and the
-.--
Eberhard 1965, No. 79, Eberhar: _-
third in water), the hermit explains that the experiences they had No.4lq; Cambodian: Ner.errr.r:- - -.-
foretell their conditions of life in future. Mexican: Robe 1973; Argentine -
tgr ptian, Algerian: EI-Shanrr _ -

bt-**-.
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471 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E1 FFC284

Laoust 1949, No. 64,Topper 1986, No. 14; WestAfrican: Barker/Sinclair 1917, No. Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. II, \os.
25; Nigerian: Walker / Walker 1961., 36f ., 9Lf . Viidalepp 1980, No. 109; Livonian: Lr
1977 ; Lif,tuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ä. il: :
842 See Type 947A. Perlet 1996 I, No. 32; Irish: Ö S :illeal
-1,964ff.
Tenöze IV 1; Spanish: Goldbr
842A* The Beggar Dies in Niglrt Lodgings. A large sum of money is found Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff. Itr; Cat"
2001f . I, 94, Cardigos (forthcoming r: I
in a dead beggar's clothes (sewn up in his coat) [N524.1]. On a
Frisian: (ooi 1984a, No. 844; Fleml"l
clergyman's advice, the money is used to buy pigs and fatten them.
No. 35, Henßen 1959, No. 89; Italiar
All the pigs are slaughtered except one, which leads the clergyman Hungarian: MNKIII, Dömötör 1991" )
to the graveyard, where it sinks into the dead beggar's grave (the 797 4, 196f.; Bosnian: Krauss /Burr ei
beggar is seen riding in flames on one of the pigs to hell). It shows Penu§liski 1989 IIl, No. 334; Rumani;
that the money was acquired in a dishonest way. 5251., ilL, 466; B:olgarian: BFP; Gree-L
Boratav 1953, No. 277, cf. No. 3ü9; -It
Literature/Variants: 844*8, cf . I ason 1975, Nos. 8-14-A. ->
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff.II; Dutch: Meder/ 844*C, Haboucha1.992, No.8.l-1, cr. \
Bakker 2001, No. 221; Frisian: Kooi 19844 Kooi/Meerburg199}, No.42; Russian, El-Shamy 2004; lranian: cf. Ivlarzoi:
Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS. Baughmän 1966; North African: \or..
cf. Nowak 1969, No. 170, El-Shamr-l
8428* See Type 672C*.
844* The Reoenge of the Csstrat!
842C* Eloating Coins. Coins earned by hard work float on water [11931] who had been punished fc
and bring happiness. Cf. Type 1651. (blinding) blackmails hi-. :
self) by threatening to kill
Literature/Variants: BP II, 75; Scherf 1,995 ll, 1423-1425. has obeyed, the slave kills
Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. 842*; Latvian: Boehm/Specht1924, No. 6, Aräjs/
Medne 1,977;Lappish: Kohl-Larsen 1982, No. 17; Macedonian: ToSev 1954,2I2f.; Remarks: Documented in medierai _-!
Greek: Megas/Puchner1998, No. 842C*1; Russiary Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Giraldus Cambrensis, Itinerariur,x
|ewish: ]ason 1965; Buryat: Eliasov 1959I, l05lf.; Iiaqi: El-Shamy Z0O4; Indian: Shakespeare, Titus Andronicus.
Tauscher 1959,173, Jason 1989, No. 842C*-*8. Literature/Variants : Wesselski
1 91:.
1931; Tubach 1969, No.4436;Uther X9
843* The Lazy Weaoing Woman. When she sees how a persistent little (2003) 153-156 (U. Marzolph).
bird pecks a hole in a stone, she resumes her work diligently []1011]. Swiss: EM 7 (1993) 872; Jewish: Lare;
No.844*.4; Kurdish: Wentzel 19i5. \
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 1968, 451.
Estonian: Aame1918, Loorits 1959, No. l71;Latvian: Aräjs/Medne L977;Slovene: 844** One's Own Cross isBest. A
Kotnik 1924f . lI, 7 I ; Yoty ak: Wichmann 1 90 1, No. 40. his situation has the opp'or
of sorrows) with another or
844 The Luck-Binging Shirt. Aruler (king mayor, sovereign couple) is better.
sick (unhappy). A doctor (wise man, hermit) advises him to wear (to
look for) the shirt of a lucky man. Servants are sent out to look (the Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum n:
ruler himself looks) for such a mary but a lucky man cannot be Norwegian: Hodne 1984, 355f.; FrG
found. Benzel 1991,56f .; Bulgarian: BFP, \o" -
Finally they meet a poor man (shepherd, boy) who seems to fit ish: Eberhard f Boratav 1953, No. 1i-r"
the requirement. But it turns out that the manhas no shirt [N135.3].
The king dies (realizes that luck cannot be bought). 845 The Old Man and Death. -tr
wood a long way. Tired anc
Literature/Variants: Köhler et al. t894,118-135; Schwarzbaum 1968, 764, cf. 149f., for death.
225; EM 6 (1990) 808-812 (]. van der Kooi); Dekke r et al. 1997 , t6tt.

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476 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 2B'1

When death appears and asks why he had been called, the old plans.
man explains, "I want you to help me with the load!" [C11]. In another variant the
addressed his words, "G
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,431No. 60).
Literature/Variants: BP III,294; Heinemann 1932; Zaj4czkowski 1932, 465-475; Literature/Variants : Schwarzbaum
Ages1.969, No. P60; ElM1(1977) 382f. (E. Moser-Rath); Hansen 2002,314-31.6. Finnish: Rokala 1973, 119, Rausmaa '
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.11, Nos. 82,83; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Lithuanian: 172; Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e l9i : l:
Danner 1961, 178, Kerbelyte L999f1. IV (forthcoming); Lydian: Kecskem6ti/ 1929ff . tr, 575f .; Slovakiaa: GaSparfü
Paunonen 1.974;lrrish Ö Stilleabhain/Christiansen 1963; Fiench: Cifarelli1993, MiloSevi6-Djordjeviö 1988, Nos. 11r*
No.504; Spanish: RE 5 (1965) 208f., Chevalier 1983, No.53, Camarena/Chevalier 1989II, Nos. 102, 104; Bulgarian BFP
1995ff. III; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meulemans 198? No. 1.461; German: Moser- cf. Nos. 846**, 846*** ,846****; Llrair
Rath 1964, 40f ., Kapfhamrner 1974, 80, Tomkowi ak L993, 259; Italian: Cirese / Kurdovanidze 2000; Mayan: Peflaiur
Serafini 1975; Hungarian: Koväcs 1988, I07;Czech:Dvoi6k1978, No.2563*; Slovene:
Kontler/Kompoljski 1923f. I,60; Bulgarian: BFP; Russian: SUS; ]ewish: cf. 848* SeeType778.
Stephani 1998, No. 2l;IJzbek:, Stein 1991, No. 167; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000;
Indian: Thompson/Balys 1958, No. C11; Nepalese: Jason 1989; US-American:
Baughman 1966.
849* The Cross as Secvity. Är
(icon) as security. During
845* barrel with the moner-int
SeeType774E.
creditor.
846 Deoil Always Blamed. God and the devil go for In another version a p
a walk on earth
leaving an icon of St. \i,-L-r
[K18i1]. The devil complains about men's injustice (after being criti-
destroy the icon if it is nc
cized by God for his impoliteness: he did not answer the people's
hears the deaf procures mr,
greetings and showed them his tongue). He is always blamed for
mother's house. In order
God's mistakes, butwheneverhe does somethingwell, God receives
rl

a fair.
the thanks.
The devil proves it by pushing a cow (horse, ox) into a ditch. The
On his way he gives a
endure dangers duing a r,
farmer blames him by asking which damned devil had done that.
While the farmer fetches help in the village the devil pulls the ani- daughter of the czar anri t
makes the young uife into
mal out of the ditch. When the farmer comes back and sees that his
The young couple return:<
cow has been saved, he exclaims, "Thank God!" [N111.4.1].
the icon is back in its r-r_sua
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,431f. No. 61, 454 No. 174). while.
Literature/Variants: Dähnhardt 1907ff.II,188; Röhrich 1965,42; Schwarzbaum
1968,26'L; Schwarzbaum 1979, 485487, 499-502; Schwarzbaum 1980, 280f.; EM Literature/Variants: Schwarzbauor 1
6 (1,ee0) 1-3 (L Köhler). Russian: Karlinger / Mykytiuk 1%,, .
Finnish: Rausmaa 1.982ff.II, Nos. 84-S6,Jauhiainen 1998, No. E1086; Estonian: SUS; Jewish: Noy 1963a, No. 66, ]a_<
Aarne 1918, No. 49; Latvian: Carpenter \980,179; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte l999ff. No.849,4'*.
II; Swedish: Bondeson 1882 No. 62; German: Henßen 1935, No. 175, Ranke 1955ff.
III, No. 792*,Henßen 1963b No.26, Neumarm 1973, No.31; Italian: Rotunda 1942
No. N111.4.2; Slovene: cf. Zupanc 1.944a, 6Olf.; Macedonian: cf. öepenkov/
Penu§liski 198911, Nos. 135, 144; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1,962f.I1, No.2493; Egyp-
tiary Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004.

846* The Vengeful Saints. A man (farme1, shepherd) praises only one of
the saints (on his nameday) and disparages the others. The neglect-
ed saint takes revenge by sending hail and a bad harvest. But the
praised one helps the man and informs him about the other saint's
 s,lures rar{}o aql }noqe LurL] sr.u-
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 FFC 28.1 r\.: - :

REALISTIC TALES (NOVELLE) can pose a riddle tl'L;: .:-.

stupid boy, shephe:-: :
THE MAN MARRIES THE PRINCESS 850_869 stances which he ha. . -
him at this point al..; . -.
She sends her n-.:. : .. :
850 The Birthmarks of the Princess. A princess is promised in marriage
to learn the ansrr-er. F-. . .
to whoever is able to describe her birthmarks [H51.1, H525]. A
H177).In court, sl-re :.,-. :
young swineherd (shepherd, tailor) has hogs (geese) that dance to
It refers to her r-risr-., :
his magic flute. In return for his dancing hogs the princess lets the
marry him.
shepherd boy see her naked and thus he comes to know her secret
Different ridc'l1e. -.:.
birthmarks [K1358, K443.6].
and wear (carrv r- . :-
Or a fisherman offers the princess colorful fishes. In return she
horse and clotht- -.:
undresses herself three times, so that finally he knows the answer. q27) a fetal anir::
Another suitor (rich man) guesses the answer. -
drank water fronr *. . '
As both rivals have solved the riddle, the king then gives a
further test: the princess is to marry the suitor to whom she turns in
the night [H315]. The rivals sleep with her and she turns to the [H802] - his horse -.., .:. -:
and all died.
shepherd (because his rival has eaten bad-smelling food or has
In Turandot the ::..- - .
soiled the bed). Cf. Types 851, 852, and8S7.
suitors to ansrr e: -H = - -
[H734] of the vear i- _
' '
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other
types, esp. 570, and also 300, 502, 571, 592, 853, 900, 1061, and 1159. they will be punisii=: --

Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. I,428f.464; cf. Bp II, 52g-531; Wessetski literary tale.)
1935,114-116; Lüthi 1962,90-102; Scherf 1995 1,594-597,II,9gg-9g1,1059-1063,
1 063-1 065, 1159
-1162, 129 6-1298, t425-1 427 ; Röth 1 998; Schmidt 1999 ; EM tt,l Combinations: This tr pe i- L.-
(2003) 286-294 (C. Goldberg). types, esp. 570, and also 3ttt-' :,- -
Finnish: Rausmaa 19821f.II, Nos.88,89; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. I, No. Literature/Variants: ChaLrr r: :. _
169; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö Francia 1932; Wesselski 19-r: --
1,999ff.II; Lappistr" Karelian: Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974;Swedish: Liungman Tubach 1969, Nos.4098, -13rr]
=- : :
1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Grundtvig 1876ff. II, No. S; Iriih: ö Goldberg 1993; Scherf 199i I -_= =_
Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tenöze1964ff.IV 2; Spanish: Röth 1998; Schmidt 1999, No, t-:: :
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.\t; Portuguese: Martinez 1955, No. H51.1, Cärdigos Van Leeuwen 2004, No. 411.
(forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a; German: Ranke 1955ff. III, Tomkowiakl{g}, Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. IL \. . :
259, cf. Grimm KHM/Uther 1996II, No. 114; Italian: Cirese/Seraf ini1975,De 170; Estonian: Aarne 1918; .::
Lat.. -
Simone 1994, Nos. 22,30;Hrngarian: MNK IV; Czech: Tllle 1929ff.1I1.,3231.; Kerbelytö 1999ff .II, Nos. E5t !:
Slovakian: Ga§parikovä l99lf.I, No.231, If No. 526; Slovene: Kres 4 (1884) 558ff.; Hodne 1984; Danish: Krister-..=- -,
Rumanian: Birlea 1,966II, 345ff.,IIl, 444f .; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Klaar -1.970, Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christ,.::-.-
135ff., Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish: KrzyLanowski 1.962f. I; RussiarL Spanish: Camarena/Cher.alrr: - -.
Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. t82V,232 Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Por.-:.- .-
lll2, 232 IV 3c; ]ewish: Jason 1965; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Cheremis/Mari, Tatar: coming), Nos.85l,85lA: Fr - -

Kecskem6ti/ Paunonen 197 4; Mongolian: Llrincz 7979 ; p alestinian: El-Shamy 8514; German: Ranke 1955fi. il, -. -
2004; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tendze 1,964ff. IV 2; Spanish-American, Austrian: Haiding 1953, No. =: _. .-

Mexican: Robe 1,973; Dominicary Puerto Rican: Hansen 1957; Chilean: pino- Cirese/Serafini 1975,Appari 1.:_' .

Saavedra 1964, No. 32; Argentine: Karlinger/pögl 1987, No. 54; West Indies: Ortoli 1883, 123 No. 18, Massis:.,--. -
Flowers 1,953; Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004. tese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Hu:- :.-
lille Iq2qff. ll 1,324f{.; Slor ak: l
851 The Pincess Who Cannot Solve the Riildle. (Including the previous Bolhar 7974, 169ff .; Serbian: Drtr:_ -
Types 851A arLd 876.) A princess is offered in marriage to whoever No. 140; Rumanian: Schullerus I -_:
No. 876; Greek: Loukatos 19i, --_
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raqtrey dru uo aprr 1 (1) :aldruexa.ro; ,pasn are salpprr luaraJlr6l
]arJas Jaq Ol sauroJ ar{ snq. :_
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'Z'I11g,) ;oord se (plurq) ssarplqS;u.raq sdaal alf .ramsue aqt ureal o1
V [SZSU't'lgHl s)rpurLI]rq r).
aHpr.r"rplu ur pasruord sr ssa.>uud r
lr{8f,, +n rurq ol }lasraq sao8 uatp pue slue^raspreu raq spuas ar{S
('a;aq spua a1el aql pue lurod snp +e run{
sarrreur oqs) '[g9gH] (peruar.radxa) passaqrm seq aq qrrqm sa)up+s 698_098 SSEfNIUd 1
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(Errgnoxt s
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rrq;:
480 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2S: fFC 284 li. - -.

85tA,876; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; glish: Briggs 1970f. A II, -111: ::.
Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 212, cf. Nos. 2301112,235 (5), 348 IV 5; ]ew- Camarena/Chevalier 199rfi ,-. -
ish: Noy 19634 No.71,Jason 1965,1975,1988a; Gypsy: MNKX 1; Siberian: Soboleva 1943; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Fle::- .:'
1,984;Kirghiz: Potanin 1917, No.9; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Syrian: El- 1935, No.294, Ranke 1955ff. III -
Shamy 2004; Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 164, El-Shamy 2004; Persian Gulf: El-Shamy Haiding 1953, No. 51; Hungar,--
2004, Nos. 851,,876; Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, ian: Ga§parikovä 7991f .I, \r.: l - :
Jason 1989, Nos. 851, 851A; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting P74, l68f .: Croatian: Stojan, -
1971, No. 876,Ting 197& Nos. 851,851A" cf. Nos.851A*-C*, 876,Bäcker 1988, No. No.4904; Greek: Loukatos 1l:- _ :
12; Indonesian: Vries 1925f .11,408 No. 215; |apanese:Inadaf Ozawa1977If .,No. Simonides 1994, Nos. 161, .' -
8514; French-Canadian: Delarue/Ten)ze t964lf. IV 2; US-American: Hoffmann Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 19if ; I:-. --
1973;Spansh-American, Mexican: Robe 1973; Dominican, Puerto RicarU Chilearu Pakis[ani, lndian: Thomp-, 'rr
Argentine: Hansen l957;Brazllian: Alcoforado I Albdn2001, No. 54; West Indies: 19251. il, 408 No. 217; Ta:::-=-.
Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: Parsons l923bI, Nos.84,85; Egyptian: El-Shamy Halpert/Widdowson 1996 L \.
1980, No. 11, E1-Shamy 2004, os.851, 8514; Tunisiary Algerian: El-Shamy 2004, 19641f.M; Spanish-Amerrc,::' -I t.
Nos. 851, 876;Moroccan: Nowak 1969, Nos. 475,476, El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 851, West African: Klipple 1991.
876; West African: Barker/Sinclair 1912 No. 34; East African: Werner 1,925,355;
Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004, No. 851§ Tanzanian: EI-Shamy 2004; Namibian: Schmidt
1989II, No. 1155; SouthAfrican: Coetzee etal. 1967, No.851A.
853 The Hero Catches tht l-'. .

8514 See Type 851.

who outwits hcr i:r .-

youngest of tlrrr.. r'- '

852 Lying Contesf (previously The Hero Forces the Princess to Say, "That dead crow, an e:.: .. .'

is a Lie"). A princess is offered in marriage to the man who can tell

talking to the p-ir- -.
objects at the prope: : :'.
so big a lie that she (her father) will exclaim, "That is alie" 1H342.71.
A suitor tells impossible tales of his extraordinary great ox [Xl23Zl, answer to each oi ll-.. -:: '

as his bride.
of a tree that grows to the sky overnight [F54.21, of a river of honey
Tn some r aria:'r. '
[X1,547 .2], of his ascent and descent on a rope of chaff from the sky
magic tableclotl-r lD. -: -
1X1757), of a great cabbage LX1,423.71, stable [X1547.2,X1036.1], an1-
mals [X1201], mushroom lx1.424l,large man [X920], a man who cuts
off his head and replaces itlx1726.2l, a man who cuts ice with his release her onlr- ii .;-. .,.

own hands [X1S5S] or of a man who drinks water from his skull 853A1. By thi. r.'.. '-
1x173e.21.
lL161l.
When finally the suitor states that her father served his father as
Combinations: [his type ir Lr-.
swineherd (when he threatens to report [falsely] her amorous con- types, esp. 570, 571, 850, ar.rr1 :: _
duct 1K1271.1.1), the princess (king) is brought to say the required Literature/Variants: BP I, li- --
words and she has to marry the suitor. Legman 7968f.lI,696f .,9a1i ,..: ..
lexikon 3 (1981) 933-935 (H.-F : -.
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other 7999;EM11,1 (2003)436J1j a _
types, esp. 1960D,1.960G, and also 853, 1,882, 18898,1911A,1920C,1920F,1960, Finnish: Rausmaa 1982fi.il, \i.. -: ,
19 60 A-C, 1.9 60E, 1,9 60F, 201,4, and 2301.. 109a(2), 127(3),171; Estonianr . -., :
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. II, No. 59; Bp II, 506-516;Badker 1954; anian: Kerbelytö 1999ff .II, \c. i -:
Schwarzbaum 1968,198,200f .; cf .E}rl1 (1977) 1032,1384; cf. EM 2 (1979) SBT| .; cf. Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1971; S.. .-: -
EM 6 (1990) 241.;EM 8 (1996) 1274-1279 (P.-L. Rausmaa); Dekker et aL. 1997, 371- Danish: Grundtvig l\Z6ff.IiI ::
374;Marzolph/Van Leeuwen2004, No. 409; EM 11,1 (2003) 436-443 (C. Goldberg). Briggs le70f. AIl, 3e7tf .. +0i l- - '
Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff.Il, No. 92; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman l917t.Il, No. 393; Baughman 1966, Briggs 1970r. :- ., -
Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Llthuanian: Kerbelytö t999ff . Hoffmann 1973; Spanish: Car.r-,...:. -..
II; Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Dr::::- :
Hodne 1984; Danish: Grundtvig 1854ff.I, No.224; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929; Kooi 1984a; Portuguese: Marir-.-
Scottish: Briggs 1970f. AIl,424ff.;I.rish Ö Sriilleabhain/Christiansen 1963; En, Cardigos (forthcoming); Flen-ri.:- I -

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482 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28+ FFC 284

1955ff. III; Austrian: Haiding 1969, No. 167;Ttalian Cirese/Serafini 1975; Hun-
At night the youth sr
garian: MNK IV; Czech: Tille 1929ff.I,278f .,1I1.,327f.; Buigarian: BFP; Greek:
Megas 1968a, No.29, Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzyzano\,\,ski 1.962{.1; Russian,
with the princess. !\'hen
Ukrainian: SUS; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Cheremis / Mari: Kecskemdti / Paunonen 197-1; repair, and the youth cor
Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 860A.; Qatar: El-Shamr,.200,1, Nos. 853, 8604-; may now rr.arry the prin
French-Canadian: Deiarue / Tenöze 1964ff. IV 2; US-American: Baughman 7966, given birth to his child r.
Randolph 1976,20L; Spanish-American: Robe 1973; Mexican: Robe 1973; Puertc. In some variants a kil
Rican: Hansen7957, No. 853**8; Brazilian: Alcoforado/A1bän 2001, No. 55; Wes: find her. Three sons of a r

Indies: Flowers 1953; Chilear-r: Pino-Saavedrc1.964, No.26; Egvptian, Tunisiarr the contest is held. Trr-o c,
Algerian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004, No. 860A*. ed. The third, on the adr-r
en animal, inside of rvhi<
853A "No." A king with a daughter of a marriageable age is told about tht of the princess. When tht
conversation of three of his officers (suitors, yoltng men, soldiers way the suitor comes out
One says that he intends to love the queen, another u.ants to sieel- pfincess's hiding place t,l
with the princess, the third h.ants gold. Of, the suitor has to re
The first gets nothing, the third receives the goid. Then the kin- looking girls or anirnals
ad-u,ises his daughter that she must answer all the questions of the
1H167, H161.11.
second suitor (suitors who wanted to sleep r,r,ith the princess) u,iti-
"No". By a clever framing of his questions the suitor overcomes hc,: Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte .

resistance and marries her (the princess agrees to the suitor's que. b aurn L9 68, 27 4; \N etzeT 197 4, 7A3i. :
tion by saying "No") [K1331]. Cf. Ti,pes 851, 853. I, 480483, II, 1263-t266, 1289_f91
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982f{.il,Nos- 9i
Combinations: 85 l, 813. 172; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Lah-ian: .
Literature/Variants: Bodker 1954; Legman 1968f .I,216;EM 11,1 (2003) 136-1-: nian: Loorits 1,926; Lithuaruän: Kerh
(C. Coldberg). wegian; Hodne 1984; Danish: Gmnc
Portuguese: Braga 1987 1,2331., Cardigos (forthcorning); Dr-rtch: Tinner.eld 19, - Christiansen 1963; French: Delarur
No. 11, Kooi 1985f., No.5; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Mever 1968; Germa:- Chevalier 1995ff . IV; German: Rark,
Pröhle 1853, No. 66, Heckscher/Simon 1980ff. 1I,1,283; Austrian: cf. Zaunt: Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975,Nos. S:
7926,264ff .; Italian: Cirese/Seraf tni 1975; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 7978; Czec 42, De Simone1994, No.92; Malte-:
Tille 79291f . lI 1, 278f .; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; Polis:- Hungarian: MNK IV; Czech: Tille 19.
Simor.rides/Simonides 1994, No. 187; Russian: Hoffmann 1973; Cheremis/NIa:. Ga§parikovä 199-l.f.I, No. 306; Ruma
*860A"*;
Beke 1938, No.43; Iraqi: Campbell 1952, 11ff.; US-Arnericar.r: Randolph 1949, \ Greek Dawkins 1953, No. r.
385; Spanish-American, Merican: Robe 1973; Cape Verdian: Parsons 1923b I, \ - 1962f.I; Russiary Ukrainian: SUS: Tr:
50; South African: Coetzee et al. 7967. ish: Jason 1988a Haboucha 1992; Grp
gian: Kurdov anidze 2000; Omal: El-i
854 The Golden Ram. A young man (soldier) rr,,rites on a u,,a11 (states Roberts 1960; French-Canadian: Len
"Money is all pou,,erful" ("With mone\r one can even win the pnr- ican, Mexican: Robe 1973; Domil..it
Alcoforado / Albän 2001, No. 56; Ch
cess"). The king is provoked and sets u,hat he believes to be an rn
dies: Flowers 1,953; Egypnan: Spiita
possible task. The young man receives as much money as he want. Frobenius 1927ff . l[, No. 51, El-Shao
but within a certain time he has to seduce (fhd) the princess [H3l- Schlld1975, No. 46; Sudanese: El-Sh
If he fails he will be condemned to death.
The princess is hidden in a secret place (tor,r.er, room under eart- 855 The Substitute Bidegroor
island, secret room, iron palace at the bottom of the sea) and guarr place of a one-eyed (cripp
ed. The young man demands a hollor,r. golden (silver, copper) ar.,,- wedding. The bride fall-s ir
mal statue (ram, goat, lior:r, deer, elephant, or, horse, dancing be; eyed prince [K19.5.3].
bird, eagle) and hides ir-rside it [K1311.1]. The king buys the stati.- In some variants the r
(which can play music) and installs it in his daughter's room as e.- one-eyed prince is teste',1
tertainment. between the bride and tht
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484 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

Sometimes the bride searches for the young man and eventually pared) and amoun;=. .

finds him. She gives alms to all passers-by [H11.1.1], until eventually skin belongs to [H:-i
she recognizes her husband. the princess in n-ia:: --:,
In other variants the bride offers a reward to all those who tell A (disguiseclI :-,. ':'
her a story. The young man appears and tells his story [H11]. Oa the disguised robber, Li.-
youth has left his name (a verse) with the bride. ery [H573.3], gu€sSc.> - :l
In numerous variants it is predicted that the young man will die 62L.)
at the age of twelve (sixteen) [M341.1] but he outwits this fate. Cf. Insomevarialt: --.'-
Types 870,934. She escapes rr rrl' a - -'
or skillful helpers
Literature/Variants:
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff.II; French: Guerreau-Jalabert1992, No. H11; Cata- Combinations: This type i- . -
lan: Neugaard1993, No. M341.1; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975, No. M341.1; Pol- types, esp.653,900, and alsi -:,,
ish: Krzy2anowsl<1962f.I; Russian: Zelenin 1915,528f1., Nikiforov/Propp 1961, Remarks: Important ver-i,,:' -
No. 104; Cheremis/Mari: Öetkarev 1956, No. 22;Kalmyk: cf. DZimbinäi tgOZ, Literature/Variants: KöI'rler 3 --...
No. 9; Buryat:L1rincz 1979;Mongolian:Lörirncz 1979;lndian Thompson/Roberts 1927ff.Ill, No. 92; Swahn 1i:: - r -
1,9 60, I ason 1 989; Chinese : Ting 197 8 ; US-American: Dorson 19 64, 126f.
Köhier-Zülch); Röth 199E; \1,. ,
Finnish: Rausmaa 19E2fi. I ),
856 TheManzoithFourWioes(previously The GirlElopesWith theWrong 67 a(2,4), 70(6), 127(2), 140; E.: :',
Man). Ayouth is driven away by his father when he states that he Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuar ..,-. :
will marry four wives [M373]. While acting as a servanf the youth
pretends to be unable to read [K1816.0.3]. He is given a message and No. 16; Faeroese: Nyman 1::- :
learns that the princess intends to elope with the son of a court offi- Camarena/Chevaiier 1995ii ., - -
cial[K7317.9]. He informs the court official who locks up his son. 7995ff.II; Catalan: Orio1, Pu'- -
The youth takes his place and elopes with the princess 1K1271.1, (forthcoming); Flemish: \Ic, -: -
Rölleke 1q86 I, No.85b; \-r-:-
N318.21.
lq7i, De Simone 190-i, 1,,. --
At daybreak the princess realizes she cannot return to her par- Slovakian: Ga§parikor.ä 19!r1: - '.
ents. The young man is bitten by a snake and restored to life [E0] by Macedonian; Eschker 19, l. \ _-
a girl whom he marries. In the form of a parrot [D638.1, T33] he is No. *621A; Greek: Dalvklns l;r: I ,

boughtby another princess, whom he marries as well. Forced to flee, Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzr.::-
he hides in the house of a rich merchant and marries his daughter. Ukrainian: SUS; Turki'h: L.-
Finally he returns to his father with his four wives. Cf.Type72S. ]ewish: Jason 1965, 1986a; C-. -: -
B jazyrov Iq5B, No. I l7; Chqr, - .

Literature/Variants:
Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;lcelandic: cf. Boberg 1966, No. KlZ71.1; Shamv 2004; Jordanian: E1-Sh:::- -
Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Turkish: Eberhard/Borutav l9b1, No. 217 (2);Jew- Roberts Igo0,Jason Iq8q; Ir).1
ish: jason 1.975,1.988a; Uighur: Kabirov/Schachmatov 1959,lO7If.; Azerbaijan: Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze - ---
Hermann/Schwind 1951, 26ff.;tJzbek:Afzalov et al. 1963I,493tf.;Tadzhik Levin American, Mexican: Robe l--:
1986, No. 16; Pakistani: Schimmel 1980, No. 24;Indian: Thompson/Roberts 196e Saavedra 1987;Brazllian; Aj.. -. .
]ason 1989, Blackburn 2001, No. 31; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chi- 1953; Egyptiary Algerian, \1-: --
nese : Ting 197 I ; Malay sian: Hambru ch 1922, No. 49. Kronenberg 1978, No. 17, Ei-: '.:

857 TheLouse-Skla. Alouse that has been found on a princess (king) is 859 The Penniless Briiigl.
fattened to an enormous size (becomes as big as a sheep, calf, ox) the previous T) F. r - =
[8873.1,F983.2; cf. Type 1960M] and slaughtered. The king (princess, tends to be wealthr' : -
queen) displays the skin in public (has a dress, shoes, gloves made of a rich man. Ci. f -'..
from if has a chair or drum covered with iC has the 1ouse's meat pre- This iale exi:t> --'
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486 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

(1) A rich man wants to marry his daughter only to a rich man. A 860 Nuts of "Ay ay ay!'' -.-::
poor suitor (sometimes two) pretends to be rich by disguising him- a glass containinj.'
self and telling lies to the girl's father. When the father is ready to and nuts of ar1 ar', a'. - :
marry him to his daughter the suitor bums a wooden tower and pre- nuts with thorn. >r
tends that all his riches have vanished in the fire. 2,H1377.31.
Sometimes the bride exposes him by visiting him incognito in his
home. Literature/Variants: Schn-atz: : . -.
(2) After the marriage the bridegroom takes his bride to show her Spanish: Camarena/Cher-aliu: ,: -
his land. He puts on soiled (patched) clothes. When she looks at the Oliveira 1900f. Il, No. 396, C.::;. : .
land he points to patch in his jacket (trousers) saying,,,This patch
a No. 8o0*; Jewish: Jason lo^= ,

is mine!" 1K1917.11. (Often combined with [3].) (previously Type No. 108; Spanish-American. I.l=
860C; Puerto Rican, Arger.rtjne : .
85eA.)
No. 269; West Indies: Florr'er. ,: = ,
(3) An uncle wants a wife for his nephew He gives the boy a coin
and food to hold while he makes the arrangement. He tells the girl,s
860A* See Type 853.
father that his nephew has money in his hand and plenty to eat. So
he wins the girt 1K1917.2). (Often combined with [2].) (previously
8608* The Abducted\\'ife ::.
Type 8598.)
clucts another nrc - :
(4) When a servant boasts that his house has 150 lights and a
home). Her son- c:- -: ' .

goat-pen, his master marries his daughter to him. Arriving at his

ventures thev fintl r-.-: -
home they realize that the lights are the stars shining through the
cracks in the roof and one goat is tied to atreelK7917.4]. (previously Literature/Variants:
Type 859C.) Bulgarian: cf. BFP, No. .8608--= :, . - -
(5) A suitor touches his whiskers saying, ,,All o{ these are minel,,, Cullakjan 1990; Georgian: K.rr.-. ,

whereupon the girl thinks he is referring to the fields and livestock

which they are riding pastlK1917.7l. (previously Typ" 859D.) 861 Sleeping at the RenLlt:--. _

married (unmarr,.
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ft.Y,77f. No. 22,VI,Blf. No.250; BpII,2O3f., (princess), who ma...-
lll, 332; EM 2 (197 9 ) 7 62-7 6 4 (E. Moser-Rath ); Röth .-
1 998; EM 10 (2002) 1241-1249
(another helper) tel.. - -
(S. Dinslage).
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. II, Nos .118-121.;Latvian: Ambainis 1979, No. 126; Nor- woman lives. He ai:-. .. .. -
asleep IDI972].51-.
{jgian: Hodne 1984; Irish: Ö Süilteabhäin/Christians en196}, No. 859C; Spanish: A later meetins . ,
Chevalier 1983, No.54, Camarena/Chevalier lggsff.IV, Nos. 8598, g59C; Catalan: -

oriol/Pujol 2003, No. 8598; Portuguese: vasconcellos/soromenho et al. 1963f. II, and taken to pri.cr-
Nos.407,408, Cardigos (forthcoming) No. 859,8599 859D; Frisian: Kooi19g4a, old woman). She r-r. :. - -
Nos. 859, 859A, 859D; German: Henßen 1935, No. 280, Zend,er 1935, No. 6g, beautiful woman (]r...-: . -

Ruppel/Häger 1.952, 64f.,IJther 1990a, No. 37, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 II, No. ieaving the marrieci :. _ .:
84; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1.978; Macedonian: eepenkov/penusliski rggglrr, set free because th, '.
Nos.25Q 251; Rumanian: Kremnitz 1882, No. 16; Russlan: SUg Nos. g59E*-g59G*;
Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 144, 199 (24), cf. No. 234; Jewish: cf. Remarks: Early literary ver-i.
Jason
1965, No. 859*E, cf. Noy 1968, No. 58, ]ason 1975, No. 859, cf. No. 859*E, cf. Literature/Variants: Chaur-irr, i:_
Jason
1988a, No. 859*E; Kurdish: DZalila et aI. L989, No. 126; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004, 345f.; Wesselskt 1925, No. 61 ; \ 1:. :
Nos. 859, 859F§; Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. g59Fs; 881**<; Iraqi, Fersian EM 17,2 (2004) 570-574 (C. G,.,,::
Gulf: El-Shamy2004, No.859E§; Indian: Thompson/Balys 195g, No. K19ü african 401.
A-merican: Baughman 1966, No. 859D, Burris on 1.989, 4Z ; Egyptian: El-Shamy Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier I :.:l
2004, Nos. 859, 859E§, 859F§; Libyan: EI-Shamy 2004, Nos. SSg, bgt..; Sudanese: (forthcoming); French: Soupaui: , -
El-Shamy 2004, No. 859E§. Greek: Dawkins 1.916, 432f.; Tu:.. .
]ason 1965, No. 5164, Jason 19, : '.
8594-859D See Type 859. Adygea: Levin 1978, No. 46; _{ze::,.

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: :
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asan8ryro4 ! gggT ptn 4 1 prro :ue1ele3 : tl' ilEe511
rarle^aqJ / euarsrue3 gsruedg
'
r6e' 9961 runuqzruMr{rs :s}uplrE /arnl€ralrT
r,ur L_-
srq ur o1ru8otur rurq Buqrsla dq
'lt'tztttl'z JrrJ Jrll ur paLJ_r. .
'lltl1a';ll€L1g.) ,,itle':{e't{y,,'sant) 3w» agf feg+ os suroq} q}Izlt s}nu -aJo puP IaMOJ uapooM P SuJnq lo:.:
-lazeq pue 'a^rqaaq e 'ralelvr€as s8urrq ;olrns y if,e 'tle'de 1o qnu pue o1 ,{pea; sl raqtpJ aL{t uaqM .r jqtr_
'sla.trog aq] ile;o lanbnoq e 'ta4em. Jo spuDl 11e Surureluoc sse13 e -urq SursrnBsrp ,{q q:r.r dq ol spu:. .
3ur.rq ueo oqm ueur due o1 paraJJo sr ssacurrd y ,,ifia fia fiy,, lo 4n51 098 V'ueur Llrrr e ol
.{po ralq8nep srq ,.;
t81 (aIIa^oN) sal€J rqsrpaU ,BZ)TI ngz)tt raql l
"'iq
br---
488 Hans-jörg Uther FFC 28] FFC 284

golian: ]ülg 1868, No.4; Georgian: Orbeliani/Awalischwili et al. 1933, No. 152; cake cook untii it becomr
Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004;haqi. Nowak 1969, Nos. 181,363, El-Shamy 2004, side. He is declared to trt
Nos. 5164, 861; Qatar: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 51.6A,861;Yemenite: Daum 1983, No.
2, El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984, Nos. 51,6A, 861.; Indian: Jason 1989;
Literature/Variants: Dekker et al. 1
Chinese: Chavannes 191.0ff.III, No. 492;Korean: Choi1979, No. 291; Japanese: French: Ranke1972, No. 143; Frisiar
Seki 1963, Nos. 198, 199,keda1971;Egypttan: Littmann 1955, No. 14, Nowäk 1969, No.45; Flemish: Meyer 1968, \o. n
Nos. 68, 363, El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Nowak 1969, No. 363; Sudanese: El-
Shamy 2004.
864 The Ealcon of Sir Feilerig
a woman, Monna Cior-an
861A Abduction at the Rendezaous. A prince (gardenel, orphan) falls in
all his wealth to woo her r
love with the image of a beautiful woman [T17.2] and goes to seek
best of its kind.
her. He is secretly admitted to her room, and the two of them plan
to elope together. However, the prince falls asleep and misses their
In order to gain her far-or
appointment.
serves her unwittinglr tl
Another man comes and runs away with the beautiful woman.
her request it is too late. )
She escapes from her abductor and, disguised as a man [K1837],
ous attitude, changes he
finds employment. She relates her life story and through this the vil-
lain is discovered. He is put to death and the beautiful woman mar- lN345l.
ries the prince. Remarks: Important I iteran' r ersi,
Fontaine, C o nt e s (III,5).
Remarks: Cf. Novellino, Cento nooelle antiche (No. 99). Literature/Variants: Chauvin 189.ll
Literature/Variants: Pino Saavedr a 1968; EM 1L,2 (2004) (C. Goldberg). 192-197 ; Imberty 197 4; P ötters L99t
Indian: Thompson/Balys 1958, No. T92.4; Sri Lankan: Parker 1910ff. III, No.240;
Spanish-American: Espinosa1937, No. 71; Puerto Rican: Mason lEspinosalg2T,
292;Chilean: Pino Saavedra1960ff.II, No. 132, Pino Saavedra1987, No.54.
THE WOMAN I\[tR
862 "He that Asketh Shall Receioe." Ahermit wants to prove the truth
of the following verse of the Bible (Mattheta 7,7), " He that asks shall 870 The Pincess Confined in t

receive; he that searches shall find; he that knocks shall be admit- 870C* and 888*.) Becau_.e
ted." He asks to marry the ruler's daughter, and his demand is ac- ration of the lovers br- a ,n
cepted on the condition that he will fulfill a difficult task. maidservant, sister) is cc
He returns to his cell where he meets the devil (imprisoned). He prison (cave, hollorv hilJL
lures the devil into a water jug (glass, bottle), forces him to give him After many (sevenl ,. e
the requisite objects (jewel, a lost mug key to helf pearls, gold), and in the king's (iather of ie:
hands them over to the ruler. Thenhe lures the devil back into captiv- being recognized). She I
Ity (jug, glass, bottle). He tells the ruler about his intention and re- (witctr" pregnant woman ri.

nounces the princess (marries her) [V316.1]. Cf. Type 331. new bride.)
In order to conceal the
Literature/Variants: Hammer-Purgstall 1813, No. 112;BP Il, 417;EM2 (1929) 428_ eousness or sickness of tl
432 (U. Masing).
place on wedding dar-. O
Estonian: Raudsep 1969, No. 135; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö l999ff.II;Russian: SUS.
horse [H13.1], to the trrid
thus reminds the prince o
863 Baking Pancakes. Agreedy king proclaims a competition to choose
After the wedding he
the best suitor for his daughter. Three kings' sons äpply and are told-
things which the second
to bake pancakes. The first tosses a pancake in the ai1, where it turns
necklace, ring, belt) [Hl51
over three times before he catches it in the pan. The second tosses it
in the evening the prince tr
up the chimney and runs outside to catch it. The third lets the pan-
she repeat their conversat
-uer ar{s [t'stH] qJrm{r o1 dervr arü uo uopesra^uof, rraq} leada.r ags -ued aql stal prrll] aql '4 Llrlpr -._
leql Surpueruap dq drpuapl s,arlm srq slsal acuud aql Suruarra eql ur lr sassol puo)as aq1 .ued aLI] Lrr r.
uaq,14'dn Sqnlrdra.ra sprd acur.rd aql' [g' I9IH] (tlaq €utl'a)plTrau suinl llataLlM ,Jte .
aql ur d>tp)Lrr.-.
'rag;nur 'azrolB) raq o+ ua.tr8 peq aprrq puoras aqt qrrqm s8urq] plol are pue dldde suos ,s8ur1 a:-
sasol ar{s ro slcafqo ]uaraJ]Ip raq sarrr8 aq Surppaaa, aq] raUV aqooL[) o1 uorlrladr_uo) p su]rult, ..
'a^ol lsrr} srq 1o acurrd oq+ spurruar snql
pue '[Z'SIH] roop-qrrnqr ar{} 01 pue 'a8pr.rq ar{} o} '[I'0IH] as.roq 'SnS :uerssn5 !il.
il666l a1i1aq:...._
rar{ o+ s>11e} aqs qJrnqc aql o1 dea,t aq+ uO dep Surpparrt uo aceld
rar.{ a)el ol pa{se sr aurorar{ aql (apt;q aql Jo ssaDI)IS ro ssausnoa ( ,II 1z
-BZt (616t) z wa ilt ag t t : t, .
-pH aqt Jo asnecaq) [f 'gruf»] lcueu8ard aqt learuo) o] raPro uI
.1gg
('aprrq a,rau addl .rl .II.9rE \. ]
s,acuud arü roy preur sdpel se $lrom aqg) '(ueuro,tr lueu8a.rd'r{cltzw) -ar puE uorlualur sq +noqP lalr-r l
rar{+ou€ d;.reur o} }noq€ ra^ol raq spulJ aqs '(pazruSocar Suraq -.rqdec olur )req Ir^ap aq] sarlr i-. -
lnoqlrtr) [f g3f» 'Z'0'9lgl)l altser (ra^ol rar{ Jo raq+eJ; s,8ur» aqt u1 pue'1p1o3,s1-read,llaqol :::
af,I^ras sralua pue sadersa aqs sread (uaaas) dueur.ra11y urq a.Lr8 ^a.j ,....
ol tury sac.ro; ,(a111oq
[1175]
'[g75] (raa,rol 'rellar 'IIn{ uosud all'(pauosrrdtur) p,rap aLIl slaa."i. :
^tollor{'anet)
puno.rS.rapun ue ur raq+eJ raq dq paulluoc sr (ralsrs 'lue^raspreur ')sel tln)r#rp e r- IIrJInl
raq rIIIM Suop) ssacurrd e '(rea,r. e ,ro ya,r.renb e dq srarrol aql Jo uoqer -)e sr pueurap sq pue talq8rrur _
-edas) paqtortaq raq ol ssaulnJqlleJ raq Io asnerag ('.ggg pue *f,019 -lFupe aq fieqs s)Irou>l ]eq] aq :: --
sadd; snor,rard aql Supnpwl) 'punory a4q ut pau{uo) ssnuud aql 1LB Ileqs s>ISe ]Eqi aH,, ,(7, 7 oat111L;, .,- _
qlnrl aqj a,ro;rd o1 sJuem +rLuralr -*
618_018 lIf,NIUd IHJ SInIUVI^I NVI^IOM IIHJ 'üg .oN /186I erpa^ees ould
_: .
' 1761 esouds;I /uosetr { :uplru o }r r:-
10üZ'oN'lll Jlol6l ra)rpd:uplup
'IOZT (Z0OZ) 0I Wg 1q66I zNW!166I sranod :V461 t{ltaqvttlt6l-Z6l .18,raqpyo3 .f)
/9€6I qslassaM (t002) ; L,
!'$St'EZ,t ralpgg !16tr 'IL'llZ68I ur^neqJ :sluEuE^/arnlerall'I '(66
'
(g' 111) sa quo
o\ ,,
3'aureluoC
e'I pue (6'L) auootuaJa1'ot)re)rog aas suorsrarr dreralrl luegodtul :sIreruag
-Jpur ueuro^.InJIlnEaq aql puE u1..:l
'lsreN]
-ga arfl srgl q8norqt pue drols ari :_
pueqsnq rar{ se tun{ sasoorlr pue 'purur raq sa8ueqc 'apn}I+}e sno '[Z$t») ueur e se pasrn8srp ,pr::.
-.raua8 srq dq passa.rdur sr aqs ssalaqua^aN 'alEI ool sr 1r lsanbar rag 'ueurom
InJrineaq aq+ LIII-,r,r ,{p-rru . _-
sa)Eru aqs uaqM 'lea ol uo)leJ snorcard srq d18uq1rrra.un raq sa^ras
'arorudue 8ury+due Bururrro 1ou'o8rrapag'roleJ rar{ uIeB o1 rap,ro u1 raLil sacsrtu pue daa;se sJle; a:Lr-.:
'lr roJ {se o1 sao8 aqs uoJle} aq} s}uem uos {f,rs s,dpey aql uaq6
ueld ruaq+ o^.r1 aq+ pue ,tuoor
'puIT sll Io lsaq ,o ;: -.
)ars ol sao8 pue lZ'ttf l Llpuro :.. \\
arü,o auo qJTLIM 'UaI fl uocpl srq dpo plun raq oom o+ rplearvr snl Ip ur sllpJ 1 ueqdro,.rauap;eB; a)Lnr.:
spuads aH 'a^ol sF{ uJnlal +ou saop oqm 'euuenot5 euuotrAl 'ueluor* p
sar,.olrqSrraqlyoSr.rapagueualqou aql'o&uapaL45 lo uoc\aLaqa ngg
-1f, :asauepns 1€90 'oN /696I
'88I-98I 'III 'JJgg6I aIup5 :uerura):ZgVl 'oN '896I radaytr :r{sruralC jgf 'oN )p-\\.\,.
'oq6l lY vloN'f .oN ,EEbl
[ rruPu]Irl .
'9661 Srnqraal /Ioo)'*798 'oN'er86l roo) :uersrrg 1971 'oN'Z16I a{ueu :qruarC :asauede[ : l6Z .oN .6lb ror.lJ :up:-
'(rooy rap ue^ '0 t9-I9 '1661 'IE la ra»la6l :sluelre /arnlerall1- I :
1686I uospl:uerpul :We,VitS so\ :
'oN'€9.6I urnpcl :alruawa^ al9g,V9I!
_
'ro+rns +soq aql aq ol parelJap sr aH 'aprs 'pgg7 .{tueqg-g,€9€,IBI .soN, 696t .,
',...
Jaqlo aq+ s)oo) pue 'ra^o lr suJnf 'uMoJq sauoJaq ]I Elun {ooJ a)e) lZEI 'oN 'ft6 I lp 1",1,^qr.,1nry
681 (olta^oN) sal€I lqsrT€aU r8z lgc ,BZ ]CC ;erpn
;7
-+rt
490 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

not recall it without consulting the maidservant. When he demands ugly or was not a r.irgin r.

to see the necklace [H92] (when he asks for the objects he had col, ception and finally accep-
lected), the truth comes to light. He sends the second woman away
and marries his faithful princess [K1911.3]. Cf. Types 403,533, and Literature/Variants: Arfert 1897. j9
8704. 19951,220f.; EM 5 (1987) 68ffi9n '
Swed ish : Liungman I 96 1 ; Nonr'eg
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff.V,43ff. No. 18; BP III,443-450; Wesselski 20; English: Briggs 1970f. B II. I*
1925, No. 15; Liungman 1925; Wesselskt1931,149f.;Boberg1955,12; Marold 1968; French: Delarue/Tenöze 196-1it. fl
Lnthi 1969a,56-69; cI.Eld2 (1979) 925-940 (H. Horälek); Scherf 1995 l, 487491, Ortoli 1883,39 No. 7; Greek: Darrki
650-653,740-742; Röth 1998; EM 10 (2002) 1336-1341(M. C. Maennersdoerfer). ish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No:. -'
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 97; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 19171.I, No. 173; Palestiniary Yemenite: Ei-Sharnr r,,

Estonian: cf. Aarne 1918, No. 888*; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne Shamy 2004.
1984; Danish: Grundtvig 1854ff.II, Nos.5,308; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929,No.870,
cf. No. 870C*; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; Spanish: cf. Espinosa 1988, 870C* See Type 870.
No.227; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et aL.19631.I, No. 210, Cardigos
(forthcoming); Flemish: Volkskundig Bulletin 24 (1998) 317; German: Ranke 87'1. Princess and Ogress. Äot
1,955ft.III, Grimm KHM/Uther 19961II, No. 198; Italian: Cirese/SerafinilgTb;
[C611] sees a man's pict
Macedonian: cf. Öepenkov/Penuöliski 1989 III, No. 253; Greek: Dawkins 1950,
bird form brings the pri:
No. 42, cf. Laogräphia L6,2 (1957) 390-394; Russian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/
Boratav 1953, No. 227,Spies 1967, No. 8; |ewish: lasonl97l;Yakut:Ergis196Z, Once they stay too nat
No. 144; Tibetian: Hoffmann 1965, No. 38; Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 870C*; bursts and dies lDtr/ ]. T
Chinese: cf. Levin 1986, No. 18; French-Canadian: Lemieux 1974ff.II, No. 25, XI, palace, where she is th:e
No. 22; Spanish-American: Rael 1957 I, Nos. 1,42, 143 Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004, escapes through a narrc
Nos. 870, 870C*; Tünisiary Algerian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004. leads her to the undenrtr
devils boiling the brairr.
870A The Goose-Giil (Neighbor's Daughter) as Suitor (previowsly The Little ine turns the pot upside
Goose-Gifl). A poor girl (neighbor's girl) is determined to marry a ogress is now norma_l- -{:
prince [T55], who thinks this is an absurd idea. In vain he tries to sent to her lover's hor-r-
make her understand that her plans are senseless. marry another [N681.1]. I
When he is about to marry a bride in accordance with his rank, Cf.Type 475.
the poor girl takes the place of his new bride in the marriage bed
[K1843.1]. The prince discovers the substitution (by the ornaments Literature/Variants:
given to her [H90] or by a stone indicating chastity [Ha11.1]), but Norwegian: Kvideland 1972, No. _19:

nevertheless he accepts the poor scorned girl as his wife. Cf. Types Portuguese: Jim6nez Romero et a_1.

36; Greek: Megas/Puchner 199E: Tu:

403, 533, 870, 87 4, and 879.
103 (3), 188 III 4, 189 IV 5; Jel-ish: F
In the oldest variant from the northern atea, agoose-girl declares
to a prince that she intends to marry him even if he refuses. When
2004; Moroccan: Nowak 1969, \o. .

the prince finds a bride of his own rank, the goose-girl warns her
about a stone which will reveal her past sexual experiences. The
87lA The Unfaithful Queen- tln
goes to a king's garden
bride asks the goose-girl to substitute for her during the wedding black lover (beggar, cripl
night. Nevertheless the stone reveals the truth about the bride,s lost
eventually marries the ki
virginity and the prince finally accepts the goose-girl as his true Or a friend of the kir
bride.
everything. On the order
In the southern variants,a neighbor's daughter believes (becaus--
band. When she returns t
of a prophecy) that she will marry a bey (shah, prince). When he will also murder him rrh
leams about her idea he mocks her. When he marries a woman of his
own rank the neighbor's daughter is asked to substitute for the Literature/Variants: BP I, 207 ; Schy
bride on the wedding night, because the bride had run away (was
 se.u) Äe.tte unr peq aprrq all] ._:-
' :
8 I'lou €Z' 6 16l runeqzrE^\r.p s : l0z 1 d g sluerre^/arnlErall'I aql ro] alnlrlsqns ol paTsp sr .rr
sItI JO Ueruo^t e sarrJeur aq uaLI-\,,-
'lZ'gtZe») rult1 Jo parq sr ar{s uaqm uln{ raprnur oEe IIIrvr aq UaLIM '(arur;rd ,qeqs) daq r. .
orIS 1eq1 Surdes 'raq surnds aq'razrol rer{ o} surnlar aqs uaqM'pueq asnetaq) sa^ar1aq ralq8nep s,-rt .--,
-snLI raq sraprmu uaanb ar{} 'ra^ol rar{ }o rapro aql uO '8urg}drana
saas pue raq sMolIoJ (uos.rad raqloue) 3ur1 aql Jo pualr, e rO anr] srLI se 1rr8-asoo8 aql s1d..:--.
'3ur1 aql salrreru dlequana
tsol s/aprrq aLI] ]noqe LF nrl arll : ' i-
_
pue uaanb arü sarunouap ai{S 'lZtZt] (ayddrla 'rcßBaq) ra^ol )relq Surppa,r,r aql Surrnp raLI rol Jl j-
e laalu uaanb ar{} saas pue (pl.ro,u..rapun) uapreS s,3ur1 e o1 saoS aLIJ 'saJuarJadxa lenxas lseci ,:r,.
ueuorr y ('1191 addl snor,r,a.rd aq+ Surpnpul) 'uaanf 1n{rptolull aqa Y1.7B rarl surpM 1,rr8-asoo8 rLl) ,)LrL.
udqM 'sasnJal aq Jr ua^d U.rrLl -
'ü7I 'oN /696I )Ie&roN :uerf,orolN 11002 saJelJap 1.rr8-asooB e ,EaJe Lr-raLr_- -
drueqg-1g :rber1 'ueruqsaled:2661erpnoqeH :gsrr*a{.9 68I 't III 88I '(g) gOf
'et LIZOI'soN'€96I :qsD,IrnI 1866I rauqrndTse8a6
^I qaarD i9€
^E]€rog/prur#aqg saddl '13 'aJr.vr srLI se pr8 pau;i -,,
'oN '296I plalraqo 'J) :uewraD 1Zg 'oN '066I'Ie +a orauro1 zaugrur{;asan8n1ro.1
jll9f, 'oN 'g661$aqe9I-nparranD 'Ir :qruarC 16€ 'oN tzl6lp:ue9pt-t; :uurBaruolq lnq'( [I' IIrH],{lqseqc Surle-,.r'.,.
:sluEuE^/arnlEralrl sluaureuro aq1 dq) uorlnlrlsr-ln< r-
paq a8errretu aLIl ur aprrq .\\a... -
'gq adÄ1'13
/)ueJ srq LIIr^,\ afuepJo)Je
ur a:...,-
.ssalaslras alu
Tar-[ sarrreru pue ssacur,rd ag] sazruSorar aH'[I'I89N] rar{+oup d;reur !..:
ol lnoqe sr ar{ se lsnf sarrrrre aqs arar-lM 'asnor{ s,ralol Jaq o} }uas ol SaII] aLI LIIe^ uI'eapr p-rnse:. j --,
p,{;.teu ol palrrLura.}ap sr r: -
sr auroraq aql paap poo8 :raq.ro; preMar e sV'Purrou l,rou sr ssarBo 1.r
aql'llem aql ol surnla"r pue [g7g3] uanop aprsdn lod aql surn] aur aqltl a[L dlsnor,rard;,r o+uts sL1 ( .t];
-oroq aril. 'lV'SgOZ1)ssacurrd ssarSo aql Jo surerq aql Surpoq qlnap
.7997.{ueq5_1g
Jo Jan{r aqt s}aau ar{s arar{lt,t [f
'Z'O'g0S] plromrapun aq] o] raq speal -..
'p967.{ureqg-1g :ueqd.{8g 1€tt ,, ,
rlrlr{^I IIaM e urr.rop saoS puE .rytopulr Morreu e qSnorq} sadecsa
'IX'92'oN 'II'llt16I_ xnarLua-l :Lrr. --:
aqs '[g'IID] ssacur.rd I€qruuer e dq paualea.n{} q aqs arar-lm 'acepd
1"l0lg'oN'p697 Iueqg-l!{ :upr11.:- :
aql ur +uE^ras e sauroraq'auolE ual '1.rr3 aq1 'ltsscll sarp pue slsrnq '706 1
sr8r3:]n)e^:§16 I r.ro.pl :.1-
uercr8etu aql leql os 'ruar1+ saas uns aqJ 'alel oo1 dels daql aouo lgng
/ prEqraqf :LISr>lrnI :uerssr. r
'ra^ol rar{ ol }q81u 1e ssacur.rd aq1 s8urrq ruroJ prrq '0q6I sLrr{^rEC :laarD 1€gZ .o,\
ur uercr8eur V'[Z'IIJ] a^ol uI slleJ pue arnlcrd s,uelu E saas [1193] -l- .
igl6I rurJeras/asarr] :uerlulJ 1S,.,
raqru€rp uapprqroJ e olur s>lool oq,ta. ssecur.rd y'ssat8g puo ssaruttd ILg a)Lrel :uprura1.]_ :lL€, (966y) 1; 1. ,.
*oBrp"reJ'0lZ.oN ,l .Jtq6 l
tp t)
'679 addl aag *f,018 'ggol psornds3 1::qsrued5:fqoI . .
'0lB'oN /626I uossura^s :f,rpuEiar- .
'TggT lueqg oupoH :uer8a,luo1q 11961 ueurl-ut-. . -
-1g :uer.ra81y 1€96I srar*olg :sarpul lsa6 i7002 dureq5lg :alruarua 'ueruqsaled lglI'oN'I'1116l_ ueur)f, eH :qsrpr . .
tEg6I '(rajraopsraulrael^I .J .trn{)
19961 uose{'gl'oN'e6961 do51 :t4srittal!177 'gZZ'soN If€l _. : .
^e+ercg/preqraqfl:qsl 'L6t-tlt /I 1(1a19rog _
-TrnI 1866I rauqrnd/sEBalN'?l 'oN'€96I suDI^{eC[>laar5 1l'oN 6€'€88I IIoUO 966I lraqrs
1896I plorelN :ZI ,gg6L Sraqog I
:u€rrsro] 1916l lurJeras/asarrJ :uPrlell :Z LI'ilt961 azQuaJ/anrelaC :r{ruorC lt . ,
!
r)slässaM ljgt-ttt,III dg 1gl o\ ,_
ttt' fiSeil rarlu^aq3 / euarelue3 :qsruedg :96L'Il g' 1016I s88rrg :qsq8ug 197
'oN'I 916I aqaorls :LISIuEC 1786I aupoH :uur8azvr.roS !1961ueut?unl1 :LIsrpaMS
' (
(rptnz-ralqex'I) 169-989 tg 6D 9 wg. :' t\zz' I 966I
Jraqrs 10f-I '9761uetx8unIl:l6L'lll ]IlÄ:8V-6€, t l68l$altv :slueue^/arnleralll=-- pue'ttg'967 sacldl .Jl .[t.tI6l)l .
,{e,r,re ucuo,r,r puoJas dLl.} spua- )_
'apm p8al srq se ;alg8nep s,.roqq8rau arü sldarre dgeug pue uorldac -lor peLI aq S-llafqo aq] roJ s>lsp a.r
-ap ar{+ sralorslp aq su8rs prcads q8nolq;'(ur8rr,l, e 1ou seaa. 'ro d13n spuuluap aLI UaLIM
.Jue^Jasprelu r
-
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**
--F -4d
492 Hans-Jorg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995lf.IY;Portuguese: Oliveira 19O0f.I,No.4O II, nized as the sor-r oi:-^.: .
No.23Z Cardigos (forthcoming); Italian: Cirese/Serafirut97b; Greek: Klaar L970, mother lL162l
105ff., Megas/Puchner 1998; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos.94, 204v,230
fV l, 102.N 4a, 103 (3), 188 lIl 4, 189 IV 5; Byelorussian: cf. Barag 1966, No. 62; Jew- Literature/Variants:Char-rr'' -
ish:|ason 1975,Haboucha1992; Syrian, Palestiniar; SaudiArabiary Yemenite: El- :-
1924ff.II,174 No. 80; Vries 1-:- ,
Shamy 2004; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 1960, No. 1511; Indian: Badker 1957a,
171 -175 (E. Schoenfeld,.
No. 216, Thompson/Roberts 1960, No. 1511, Jason 1989, No. 1511; French-Cana- Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. IL \ - :
dian: Lemieux1974ff . XXI, No. l7;Egyptian, Libyan: Nowak 1969, No. 2ll,El- Crundtvig l87bff. l. \o - - .
Shamy 2004; Tunisiarl Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004. Cosquin 1BB6f. I, No. 3, Gr,r;::-
Chevalier 79951f . IV Portu: -:.-.
877* The Princess Who Goes to Seek kouble 1H1376.5). She loses her way No. T645, Cardigos (forth;r:'
in the fores! hides in a tree. Ahunter camps under the tree. His dogs German: Bünker 1906, No. , -r :.
reveal the princess's hiding place, and she is forced to come down. 873, cI. No. *873**; Greek Laog:rä1
The hunter sleeps by her side, holding her plaits tightly in his hands. Noy 1963a, Nos. 75, 76,1ason7955.
By cutting off her hai1, the princess, unnoticed, makes her escape Jason 19884 No.873*§ BinGorion
lK538l. Siberian: Vasilenko 1955, No. ?1; -{
In Russian variants the hunter pretends to be a sick girl. By or- Dagestan: LevinL978, No. 2; Paltes
dering the young women to assemble, he recognizes the one who Indian: Thompson/Roberts 196ü. -Ta
1,97 ; D omirican: Flan-<i
nese : Ikeda 1,
passed the night with him and marries her.
123; West Indies: Flowers 195i: E
Shamy 2004.
Literature/Variants:
Lithuanian: Balys 1935, No. *871;
Danish: Kristensen 1881ff. tr, No.55; Greek: Megas
1988; Russian: SUS; Chinese: Chavannes 1910ff.I, No. 113; West Indies: Flowärs
873* See §pe 875A.
19s3,466ft.
874 The Proud King is l\-o*
872* Brother and Sister. Abrother is married to an evil jealous wife lI<2272. daughters) falls in love r
2] who slanders his sister [K2112] (accuses her of illicit sexual behav- from hearsay. She rr-rits
ior) and expels her into the woods [5143]. Thanks to the advice of an father). But the king scor
ogress (water spirit, bird, giant woman) whom she meets there, the she weeps for him, he ser
sister survives, proves her innocence, and marries a prince [L162]. that she intends to hanr
threatens to commit suic
Literature/Variants: El-Shamy 197 9. She takes revenge br
Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. M Catalan: Oriol/ one of his slaves. After h,
Pujol 2003; Albanian: Camaj / Schier-Oberdorffer 1974, No. 31; Greek Boulenger 1935, is by showing him the o1
115ff.; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 166lllS, L67;lewish: Noy tgOga, ciled and marry. Cf. Trar
No. 41, Noy 1968, No. 43, Haboucha 1992; Georgian: Dolidze 1956, 67ff.;lorda-
nian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 872§; Saudi Arabian: Fadel 1979, No. 27, cf . Et-Shamy Literature/Variants: EM 8 (1996r 1.
2004, No. 872A§; Egyptian, Tunisian" Algerian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 872§; Moroc- Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975, App;
can: Kossmann 2000,l10ff.; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004, No. 872§. Eberhard/Bontav 1953, No. 185; I
1978, No. 5, El-Shamy 2004; Palest
873 The King Discooers His Unknown Soz. A king (in disguise, umecog- lahn1970, No. 40; Algerian: El-Sha:
nized) leaves a token (ring) with a woman (widow) with whom he Shamy 2004.
has passed the night. If she gives birth to a son she is to give him the
token [T645] 874* Ariadne's Thread (preur
The boy, mistreated because he is a bastard, goes to search for his king promises his son to r
unknown father [H1381.2.2.1.1). He becomes a baker and has a liai- the 1000 rooms in his pan
son with a noble girl. The king (his father) orders his execution. ]ust winding a spool of tlrea
before the execution the token is discovered and the son is recog-
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 Hans-lörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Remarks: In Greek mythology Theseus finds his way out of the labyrinth by help 12,795-797; Ranke 193-1a, 5-l
of a thread thatAriadne had given to him. Rich documentation since the Miaat-e 1,968, 47,90,295 Lüthi 196r: :l
Ages, e.g. Gesta Romanorum (No. 63). 1365 (Ä. Dömörör); Meir 19, . l.t. :
Literature/Variants: Salin 1930; HDM 1 (1930-33) 110f. (M. Schuir); HDS (1961- Krikmann 1996; Dekker et a. .::-
63) 622-624;Eisner 1.97L; Herberger 1972;EM1 (1927)779f. (K. Ranke). Van Leeuwen 2004, No. 4o=.
German: cf. Kuhn 1859, No.5Z cf. Rehermann 1977,283f.not 9; Hungarian: Dömötör Finnish: Rausmaa1982fi. II \-. ,-
1992, No.79, cf. No. 129; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928,I)re1,960,19tf.;SouthAmer- 174,l8l;Estonian: Aarne 19,: '..
ican Indian: cf. Wilbert/Simoneau 1992, No. R121.5. 1999ff.II; Livonian, lVotian l,: .
Swedish: Liungman 1961; \;,: . _
875 The Cleoer Farmgiillll11l.4l. This type combines various introduc- No. l0; Faeroese: Nvnr.rn 1..'- -
tory episodes with a common main part. ÖSüilledbhäin/Chiistian-.. .

Introductions: Camarena/Chevalier 199rti r' _

(1) A king looks for a wife and / or meets a clever girl by chance. Vasconcello. :. -
Porbr-rguese:
(2) The father of the girl finds a golden mortar in a field and, coming); Dutch: Kooi 2001 \. =
-

against the advice of his clever daughter, takes it to the king who Wailoon: Legros 1962; Gern-.a:- '.1.
demands the pestle as well 1H567.1.2).
Berger 2001; Austrian:Hariir^.: -
(3) A quarrel between a farmer and a nobleman in court is settled
Ladinian: Decurtins l8or.ii.I. '.
Nos. 21, 22, De Simone 1991. ),. -
by giving both riddles to be solved [H630-H659]. The daughter of Sardinian: Cirese/Seratini : -..
-
the farmer gives the right answers [H561.1, H583.7,H593.9,H641.1., lq2qtt.l,44; Slovakian: La:'- ..
H631.3, H632, H633, H636, H583. 81. 484, 572, 537, 541,543; 51oi.:
(4) A king finds a girl in a house. When he asks her about her Bulgarian: BFP, Nos. *8;j-- i-:= :'
relatives she answers with wit and cleverness. Puchner 1998; Sorbian: \ecr, , -:-
Main part: Simonides 1979, Nos. 141, 1-t: . . -.
The clever girl has to perform various tasks set by the king Eberhard/Boratav 1953. \t. --
Nos. 77, 167,Jason 1988a, Hal.,.- -
.
[H37 3, H7 72, H1.050-H1 055, H1057, H1 058, H1 06 1_H1 065, H1 01 0, -: -

H1.022.L, H1024.L, H1024.1..1, H1021.6.1, H1,021,.1,, H1023.9, H1023.7,

Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 19il : :-- -
209; Kalmyk, Buryat, N.fons.- ,:
H7023.1.,H951,17791.2,H7152.1., H1185, H6011: she must come to the
Syrian, ]ordanian: El-Shar.nr : - .
king neither naked nor c1ad, neither by horse nor on foot. She should 200,1; Iraqi: Nowak t96o. \,.r -- .
estimate the value of the king's bearä or weave a cloth with only a Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marz., : - -
few threads. Or she has to make boiled eggs hatch 117791.2,H7023. Robert: IqoO; Indian: Thurl:--
1.1] (cf. Type 8218) or carve a fowl and give appropriate pieces to al1 mese: Kaseviö/Osipor, 1970 \
members of the family (cf. Type 1533). nese: Ting 1978; Indonesran: \: .- ,
The king marries the girl fLl.62lbutorders her not to meddle in American: Baughman 1966; S:.,.- -
his affairs. When he settles a dispute between two farmers unjustly, Puerto Rica n, A rgen tine: F .. . .
she advises the wronged man to show the king the absurdity of his Alcoforado/Albän200i, No. . - . -

decision by an equally foolish act [J1191.1]. dies: Flowers 1953; Egy,ptiar,: \..
Shamv lq95 l, No. H l0o;:TLr:- -
When the king casts her out and allows her only to take with her
1969, No. 474, El-Shamy 2001; r,'.--,
the one thing she holds dearestll7145.4), she takes her sleeping hus-
No. 93; Eritrean: El-Shamr. 19!: .
band with her and thus moves him to forgive her.

combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other
8754 Girl's Riddling Ansa ;, :
types, esp. 8754,921,922, and also 8218, BZSB, 875D, 8758, 876,879,920,920A, Type 873..)A princr -
958, and 1533. tart, thirty cakes, an.l .. -. .

Remarks: The motifs of hatching boiled eggs and of sowing boiled seed probably if it is the thirtietlr ,,r : - -
come from Type 8218. evening.
Literature/Variants: Chauvin L\92ff.vrr, 117ff . No. 3g7; Köhler/Bolte 1g98ff. I, She replies that it -. .
No. 50, IIII, No. 16; Vries 1928;BP I1,349-373; Wesselski 1929a;HD}r/r 1 (1930-33) month and that the rtr.,. .
should spare the phe....,- -
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496 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

She thus shows him that the servant has stolen half the tart, half (4) A king orders hL.
of the cakes, and the capon [H582.1.1]. [H7024.1) or to have a bu
tends that her father ha-.
Combination s: 87 5, L533. and the king thus sees th,
Literature/Variants: Köhler 1.896a,59;Basset1924lf. If No. 17; Vries 1928,347- 87581.)
355; BP 11,359-362; Marzolph 1992II, No. 37.
(5) AMuslim king ordt
Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963, No. 873*; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier
The adviser stands bv th
1995ff. IV No.8754; Portuguese: Oliveiral900l. I, No.59, Cardigos (forth-
coming), No.873*; Italian: Gonzenbach 1870 I, No. 1, Lo Nigro 1957,No.*874; asks why, the advisei er.1
Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 104; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Serbian: horse (cow). The king thu
Cajkanovii 1927, No. 78, Krauss/Burr et aI.2002, No. 84; Rumanian:Birlea1966 (Previously Type 8758-. r

I1,527ff.,lll, 466f.; Bulgarian: BFP; Albanian: Mazon 1936, No. 77; Greek: Dawkins (6)Aking orders his ai
1950, Nos. 20,2L, Dawkins 1953, No. 67, Megas/Puchner 1998; ]ewish: Jason daughtel, the adviser tell:
1988a, Haboucha1992; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav L953, No. 235 (6); Kurdish: ing him the well. The king
DL,allla et al. 1989, No. 90; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; Turkmen: Stebleva 1969, 25.11. (Previously Tr.pe Ei
No. 54; Kazakh: Sidel'nikov 1952, 161ff.; Palestinian, Iraqi, Omary Qatar: El- (7) The king asks a fa.r
Shamy 2004; Saudi Arabian: El-Shamy 1995 I, No. H582.1.1, H58 6;Brazil:an:, Cascudo
The farmer's son replies. ".
1955a, 205ff.; Egyptian, Tunisian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; West African:
ing the fieldg lets fuh com
Frobenius 192L, 79ff .; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004.
(Previously Type 8758.. I
(8) Other impossiblÄ t
8758 The Clezter Girl and the King. (Including the previous Types 875Br-
ing onions out of a stone. I
87584.) The contents and combinations of the impossible tasks and
7774), making a rope of :
their countertasks vary in the numerous variants of this type, where
leaves of the flowers or th
a person imposes an impossible task on someone who, in returry
imposes an equally absurd countertask. ing a millstone, dwing snr
(1)Aprince (king) makes an impossible demand [H1010]: Three ing a candle ll2122l (ci.fj
unwed girls (virgins) should all give birth to a chitd at the same time
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1E9"i
(within nine months).
1968,234;EMl(1977) 79-8s (K. Rar
Being summoned to the palace they present themselves disguis- Flemish: Mont/ Cock 1927, 316ä.; C;
ed as pregnant women by hiding cushions under their dresses. 1969, No. 61; Italian: Cirese/Serafini
When they are granted a wistr, the youngest sister asks for roasted atian: Stojanovit 1,867, No. 19; Bulig;
snow [H951, 12121,]. Being unable to produce it, the prince realizes Greek: Klaar 1987,158ff., Megas Fu
the absurdity of his own demand and marries the girl. Jason1975, No.8758, Haboucha 1:!
(2) A king imprisons an adviser and will release him only on the lV Nos. 224; Abkhaz:Sakryl 19, ) r
condition that he brings a horse that is neither black nor white, Alzalov et aL. 1963 II, 298ff.; Kalmr
neither gray nor reddish brown. The adviser claims to have such a Shamy 2004; Palestinian: El-Sham,
horse at home, but the king cannot fetch it on any day of the week. Thompson/Roberts 1960; tndian: I
Mayeda/Brown1974, Nos.20, 3r: B
The king sees the absurdity of his own demand and releases his
Thompson/ Roberts 1960; Chinese:
prisoner. Karow 1972, No. 46; Filipino: Fan-.le:
(3) A prince finds a block of white marble so beautiful that he Robe1973, No.875B,; Egyptian, Tun
orders his tailor to sew him a suit out of the stone [H1021.9]. No Schild 1975, No.36; EastAfrican: KoFr
tailor in the kingdom can do this and he orders them all to be killed. No. 9, El-Shamy 2004, No. 8758-1; Sor
Finally an elderly tailor is asked to make the suit. On the advice of_ .- 2004, Nos. 8758,87584; Narnibiaru 5c
his granddaughter he asks the prince for meat made of mud and a gasy: Haring 1982, No. 1.6.9218,911
cake of snow for lunch. Thus he points to his master's own absurd
task, whereupon the prince recognizes his mistake and marries the 8758f87584 See Type 8758.
granddaughter.
875C See Type 888.
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498 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

875D The Cleoer Young Woman at the End of the lourney. She explains comes clear (and the trar
various enigmatic statements and actions encountered by people on 82'lB, 875, 9204, and 1 rr
the way [H586, H586.1-H586.7l.Finally she succeeds in a contest in
repartee and in performing impossible tasks. Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaurr
A (dried) fish laughs in the palace [D131S.2.1]. The king orders Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. {, No. 101; S
his vizier (a man) on pain of death to find out why (to solve another Nerucci 1,891,181f .; Russian: cf. \-en.
problem). The vizier (his son) sets out on a journey. He meets an old 1963a, No. 92,lason 1965; Grpsr-: \L
man and makes various enigmatic suggestions (two men travel
No. 24; Siberian: Soboleva 198-1. \t
875E*; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004; Pakis
together and one makes enigmatic suggestions). "Let us carry one kan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Bu-
another", means, "Let us tell stories to shorten the way" . - "Let us bodian: Gaudes 1982 No.95, ct. \o.
get horses in the forest", means, "Let us cut walking sticks". siary Algerian: El-Shamy 20G1; \{trt
Or, one man does seemingly absurd things e.g. he wears his 1910, No. 9.
shoes in the streams and carries them on dry land.
The man's daughter correctly interprets the enigmatic remarks 875* The Women of Weinsbe4
or the seemingly absurd actions [H586]. Finally the vizier's son mar- permits the women to le
ries the girl because she answers the original question [H561.1. 1.1]: can carry (whatever Ls,Je
The fish laughed because there was a man dressed in woman's ries her (sleeping, drurl,
clothes in the harem. diers see what is happen
the king. He appreciats I
Literature/Variants: Vries 1928, 4247;Fischer/Bolte 1,895,21,6;Basset1924If.Il, his promise to the rvome
No. 71; Penzer 1924ff .1, 46ff.,VlI,254,IX,142;El|L4t (1977) 79-85 (K. Ranke).
Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929, No. 803*, Boberg 1966, No. D1318.2.1,, Schier 1983, No. Remarks: Documented inthe \fiddle
37; English: Briggs 1970f . Al, 277ff .; Spanish: Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff . lY; (No.16e)
Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Bulgarian: Parpulova/Dobreva 1982,297ft.; Albanian: Literature/Variants: Kirchhof Os:
Mazon 1936, No. 77;Greek: Loukatos 1957,181ff., Megas/Puchner 1998; Turkish:
cf. Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 100 (6); Jewish: Noy 1963a Nos. 11, 78,JasonL96S,
Bolte 1899, No. B0; Steig 1916,24S; \
Röhrich 1976, 112f.; Witdermuth 19t
1975, 1988a; Abkhaz: Sakryl 1975, No. 74; Adygea:Levin1978, No. 29; Kurdish:
Dutch: Sinnin ghe 1943, 118 No. 12i{:.(
DruZinina 1959,132ff .,Di,allla 1989, Nos. 25, 90; Armenian: cf. Hoogasian-Villa 1977, 142f ., 306f. No. 55, Moser-Rarh
1966, No. 67,Levin 1982, No. 19; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Syrian, Lebanese,
Swiss: EM 7 (1993) 873; Hungarian:
Palestiniar; ]ordanian: EI-Shamy 2004; Aramaic: Bergsträss er 191.b, Nos. 9, 21;
Iraqi: cf. Nowak 1969, Nos. 26L,478, El-Shamy 2004; Saudi Arabian: Müller 1902,
111ff., El-Shamy 2004; Oman, Qatar: El-Sharny 2004; Iranian: Marzolph1.983a,
8758* Storytelling Saoes a \\-if,
No. 132 Marzolph 1984, Nos. *875D1, *875D; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts discovers that his rrife is
1960; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Mode/Ray 1967,322ff., ]ason 1989; Sri nighg he takes anen rriie
Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting 1978, Nos. 875D, 87bDr; she gives birth) (cf. !p" 1
Cambodian: cf. Gaudes 1982 No. 68; Egyptian, Tunisian, Algerian: EI-Shamy is unable to find a suitab
2004; Moroccan: Basset 1892 No. 112, Laotst 1949, No. 74, El-Shamy 2004; death.
Sudanese: E1-Shamy 2004. The vizier's daughter,
father objects). She tells
8758 The Unjust Decision: The Oil Press Gioes Birth to a Foal.A traveler sistel or a courtier tells th,
ties his mare to an oilman's mill. During the night the mare gives execution. After ayear of =
birth to a foal. The oilman claims it, saying the mill (vehicle, pale, king realizes that it u'ouii
crutched stick) has given birth to the foal.
Ol a rich neighbor claims a calf (from his poor neighboq, who'--- Remarks: Frame story of the Ärj*i-
owns the cow) saying that his ox had given birth to it. The judge Literature/Variants: Chauvin 189.
(jackal) has to decide the case. He arrives late, explaining that the sea Scheherazade. In: EM 11,3 (2005) (rt
was burning and that he had to put the fire out with straw (other Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975, No. -I.
absurd explanations). Thus the absurdity of the oilman's claim be- Egyptian: Jahn1970, No. 31, El-Shar
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(69r'oN) v ll lbz, zB6L P^rrqoc
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stsuaruolo3 ot8all nluotq)üt OIII Lq .3'a ,sa8y alppryq aql ur paluaruncocl :sryEruay / -
oN,c8ol rdrLlrs.l.z.BItlc .oN .
'(d)uPU
'979 addl 'D'lI'V'g17gIIl tdal aq lsmu uaruom aql o1 asrurord srq )) EB-61 ltt6t) I t\: :_
l1 'ilnZoI laqsp8 :g ,Ebg ä.tl,,S
lZ I .
+€q] sarelrap pue ueld ralal) s,uaurom aql selerca.rdde all .Buu aql
o1 padde d"r{t 'U luana.rd o1 d4 daql €uruaddeq sr leqm aas srarp
-los aq+ uaq,14 firc aq+ Jo tno pueqsnLl (ualunrp €urdaals) raq sarr S,UPLUOM uI passaJp uELU P SP ,... l
-ru) upruolr LIreS '([r'g?gll] waql o+ ]sareap sr razraleqazr) d;rec uel :[I'I'I'I9gH]
uorlsanb leur8rro a-._
,{aq1 .raaaleqm ureq} q}rm a)pt ol pue a^eal ol uaurom aq} s}prrad
-JpLU uos s,JarTrA aqt .{11eur3 .1.,,.,',
3ur1 agl 'pa8arsaq sr Sraqsural4 uaqg ,3taqsuta114 uawoM
lo aql *9Zg s)J pLUJJ :r1 euBrua aq.l sla-rd.r,.r
L. ,
puel Ä.rp uo LU).
\rq srpdm ag .B.a s8urql prn.qr
,ueLu]+l'I :uparlrrll igg'oN 26gI psseg :uerrorotrAl 17667 drueqg-r,'""rur";['9J31
-runr'uerrqv quoN 1€16I aqou :uef,rxal I 1gg'oN'p'96'oN t lg6L sapr|e) :uurpoq 8Lrr11e,,rr.lnJ Sll .l)l
sn ",s))rl5
lal,, -' ,,Äem ar{l LraUorIS ol s.r.
-ur€J 198 'oN '916I .Lodrsg/1raas€» :asalurng j096I sgaqo5Tuosdruoql :ue1
alro sn 1a.1,, .(suorlsa88ns
-uu'l rrs 'uerpul 1tt 'oN /096I IaLuurLIrS :ruplsr»Ed !tr9g7 f,aneyg-1g :uerrdg 1*gg7g
^rrel -..::
'oN '0002 azpruu^oprny :uer8roa3 1*gglg .oN /7g6I E^aIoqoS :uprraqrs 172 .oN Ia^erl uaLu o,rt1) suorlsa88ns rr.,:--
'6g6Ie[V7ql{srprn) 1rZZ.oN,,tl .#gSOf apoytr:dsddp !g961uose[,16.oN,e€96I plo Lre slaaur ag dau;nof uo e ]r1o :-:
do111 :qsral.a{ 1*ilglg 'oN ,Sf7S,.lll71 .}r :uerssn5 1.gg1 ,l6gfnrnrag rrLlloUp a^los ol) ,{Ll^^
?96I ultrlsra }no purJ ol .:
:ue{e}I lAI #966I rarre^aql/uuareure3:qs+reds 1I0I .oN,tr.JJZS6I eerusne5:r{snrurg srapro 3ur1 aq1 .l .Z.S g
t t 1q .r:r,. J
'(a{.reu ')) 98-61 Ul6D l][|itt :lgv,Z0l,g96I runEqzreMq)S :sluprre^/arnl€ralr\ .s)sel alqrss..l
ur ]saluoJ e ur spaaJrns aqs ,,(11eur._
'g70gl pue'Y 026' 9lg' grzg uo aldoad pdrdl unorr"'.uÄi;rul.
saddl '13 'fieqll (leo, aql daal letu ralal€r] aqq pue) realr saruor ^q
sureldxa atlg.rtautno! a4q lo pul'211
66v (alla^oN) saleJ rrlsrleau ,82 ICC ,82 lcc rarli]:
s00 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

875D* The Pince's Seoen Wise Teachers. A prince goes to seven wise teach- 879 The Basil Maiden. . - ..

ers to be educated. When he comes back to the palace he pretends to passing by asks a sr: - ;-
be mute (on the advice of his teachers). The prince's stepmother how many lear.- '.. - -
makes advances to her stepson, and then accuses him to his father question: Horr m.::'
1K27771, who condemns the prince to death. The seven wise men prince does nor kr . :
and the queen argue the case by telling stories for seven days [11185]. ed. The next dar- he ....
In some variants the prince (on advice of his tutors) proves to his sells something l-:1 '
fathel, that one of the queen's maidservants is a man dressed as a Or, the prince r<---=.. :
woman [K1836]. The queen and her lover are hanged (and the plains of insect t'; . - '
prince's innocence is proved). veals the deceit (th. .- ..
Remarks: Oriental origiry frame tale to tlire Seoen Wise Men.
Literature/Variants: Tubach 1969, No. 4143.
to the prince rr-htr -: ,:.
Lithuanian: Kerbelyte l999ff.Il;Gerrnem: Rehermarm 1977,2651.;Hungarian: MNK
makes him belier e ...i. -
IV; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 4143; Gypsy: MNK X L;Buryat, Mongolian: Llrincz
Disguised d: Fr.- -
1979. the condition that :-= . .
leg). The prince nlirr-:: '
876 See Type 851. ing her on the rr-et-1;,:-: -
sugar (syrup ) in h.: :
877 The OldWomanWho Was Skinned. (La Vecchia Scorticata.) An ugly When the princ. -, -
old maid succeeds in marrying her old and ugly sister to a king dentally tastes its si.. ::. ,

(prince) who wants to marry a young woman. In order to hide the out oI her hidinc g-
ugliness of his bride, she shows the prince only her fingers through Type 8838.
the key-hole and the sound of her voice.
Combinations: 875,8838, Sj- ,,-.-
On the wedding night he discovers the deception and throws the
Remarks: The banter (ques:r.,:-. .. ' -
bride out of the window where she is caught in a tree. Some fairies is often pre:ented in the t,'r: .

observe this and laugh at the dangling old woman. The fairies, action. lmportant version- -. . .
grateful for the amusement they have had, recompense the old Literature/Variants: Köhler B.- .. . :
woman by rejuvenating her into a beautiful girl [D1880]. The king 7970;EM1(1977) 1308-1311 l.: I .
marries her. 2004, No.464.
Being jealous of her sister's fortune, the other old maid asks her Icelandic: Rittershaus 1901. :'= :-
how she became young. The lattel, fearing another ruse of her sis- Camarena/Chevalier 1995ii. 1r. -
ter's, explains that she has been skinned. She advises her sister have Portuguese: Meier/WoI1 197i l', -
a barber skin her (the sister has herself skinned and dies). 1935,8711., Rölleke 1983, No - -.-
.
1991, No. 8, De Simone 199-1. \: :,
Remarks: Important version see Basile, Pentamerone (I,10). Mango 1890, No. 12;Maltese: 1,1.... .-
Literature/Variants: Eilr4l (1977) 359-364 (S. Lo Nigro); Bp IV 203 not.1,; Zeyrek Bulgarian: BFP; Albanian: Can-.:, j -

1.995,248-250. 1953, No. 45,MegaslPuchne: ,-::

Latvian: Aräjs/Medne t977; Danish: Kristensen 1897b,89tf.; French: Delarue/ Jewish: Noy 1963a, No.79, Ha'c: -.:-
Tenöze 1,964ff.IV 2; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1,99iff.IV; Catalan: Oriol/ Jordanian: El-Shamy 2004; Ara:-..- -

Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f.I, No. 150, II, No. 241., Cardigos (forth- Saudi Arabiary Kuwaiti, Qata:.'': - '.

coming); Italian: Cirese/Serafini L975, Pitrö/Schenda et al. 1991, No. 46,De 659; Mexican: Robe 1973; Don-.,: -. -
*970;
Simone 1994, No. 89; Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 12; Polish: Krzy2anows(i Brazilian: Alcoforado ,,, A1'r -- :- --
1962f.1, No. 525; Greek: Dawkins 1955, No. 1Z,Laogrilphia16,1(1956)145-19i;-. E1-Shamy 2004; Tunisian, A1:.: ..

No. 19, Klaar L987,166ff .;Byelorussian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/B oratav !9b3, Kronenberg/Kronenberg lo-' .

No. 226, Boratav 1962 No. 32; ]ewish: lasonl97i; Syrian: Nowak 1969, No. 45g;
Palestinian: Littmann 1957,403ff.; Spanish-American: Robe l97Z;Egyptian:El- 8794 Fisher Husband of the P-:
Shamy 2004. beautiful fisherman's .,-- - .
 parrrom ',{oq aq1 'turtl drretu o} s+lrem pue uos s,uewrar{sry Iryrlneaq
draa e rüI,* a^ol ur slle, ssacur.rd y 'ssacuucr a4q to puoqsnH DLlslJ Y,6Lg -13 :ueqd.{8g 1€16I aqo5 :uetr.1!L--.
8Eü oN'bg6t )pMoN:uer-r i5 -_-
'096 I prELIraqA :qsr{r r. r
'7697 dureqg-li1'üI'oN' g 161 Brcquauory S;aquauor;tr ^e+Erog /
/ 'Z6L-9VT
:asauepns 17997 duteqg-lg :uprrorolN 'uerra81y ,uprsrunl 17gg7 ,{uteqglg (SSet) lSt erqdg;r8oer _
r1s,uouez.,(zr) :LISrlod 171 .o5 ,;;_
'09€ 'oN /696I {eMoN :ue4ddBg 199'oN 'I11z:ugqlly lopprororlv :ueryzetg;g76*
AC 'q, 'oN 'lOol lr ppuill .-
'oN'196l uasuuH :uealrll3 'uerr5 ogand'ue)rutuoc 1€16I oqo5 :uerrxatr l1699 le
'oN'616I ror{J :u€aro» 17697,{ueqg-If, :a}ruaruo ,rele§,qrea,rn;tr tuerqeryrpneg -quo;) soSrpre),WZ.oN ,II ,C!.
']lorro :ueleJP) lLI .ll966L rarli.:
Jp3 uersra4 '1beq!7 'oN tI6I rassgrls8rag:rr€ruerv tü007 dureqglg :uerueprof
'ueruqsap4'uurrdg 1t X ,61 'oN,ug961 do51 :qsr,,r,raf ''anrelaq :r{ruarC 1.969 ,q76g1 L.:.
»Nyt:dsdd3 lz66leq)noqeH
jZ6I 'oN'096I :r{sr»rnl ig66l raur{rn47se8a7,q ,97'oN ,tg6l
192 'oNt7l6lßlltopraqo-rarurs/feruef, :ue1rreqlvidgg:uer.re8pg
srrpIME(I TaorD^elerog/prcqraqf, 7at,ta71l .tou tgz n1 49 t(or.3r1 , -
.(61,1);rr1..,.,.
!3lWt]rct19roH'p:q)azl :9761dottqa-pnsJll I:asalletr\l iZI .oN,6691 o8ue61
:uenrpr€S 1gI 'oN'9961 uou8rssetr I:upf,rsro) 169.oN,7661 auoulg aC,g .oN,166I
'le ]a Epuar{rs .oN ,€g6I a)allgu ,.JJlg,9€61 '(sarp pue pauuDIS
letl\d'916l rurJ€ras/asarrJ :ueqetl 1I lla:^:
aIELI JaJSrs raq sasr^pe aqs .par-,- .
Iarpsna5 :upruraD 1(Surtuocqgoy) so8rpre3 'V'oN'gl6IIIoM/raray{ :asan8nlro4
19697 1o[n4/1orro :uep]eJ !966IzueszalezuoD'LI'lIg66L rarle^aqJ/euarelueJ -srs raLI Jo asnJ rar{loue Buueal ..
:qsruedg lZ tt'yVg5;' azQuaI/anrelaq :qruarg !g0Z,Z06I sneqsra+lr5 :f,tpuelarl raq s)se prEur plo raLllo aLIl ,alil-r-
ua^naar ue /qd1oz.re7,q 1866I qlgu 1(sr11era1aq 'lnl) rr€I-8ot , frrßuriä'ÄZ1l Suq aq1 'IOSS1O] 1"rr8 1n11nea.:. :
srpleratr l :96€-Igt,'996I pped i9€'oN ^lZl, geEIt a}log rallle) :sluprre^/arnlpralrT
/ plo aql asuadLuo:alppq r \pr.
'(7'III pue E'lI) auofiMa4uad'ayseg aas suorsra^ 1uu1rodu1 .uorlre
'saurel aqJ .ueluo^r. p1o BurlSi-.,
rpea Jo Jorllne aql Supeclpur sasro^ leco.rdrcar,o ruro] ar{} q pa}uasard uaryo sr
sarJre; aruos .aaJl e ur lq8ne: sr : _
(oprrgalunoJ pue s)Jrrl 'suo4sanblalunor pup suoqsanb) Jalueq ar{J :sIrcura5
aL{l sMorql pue uoqda:ap er.j1 _::
'896 puE'168'S0gg'glg :suorlEulquroJ
'gggg addl qanorql s.raaur;.raq dpo .,
'IJ ( rarüoue euo ol palrruoJar are deql pue areld SupH req Jo ]no dLl.l "ri,lll;
Jplq ol lapro ul'upLUo.\r :.:..
saruor 1nB aq;) 'paap srq slar8ar aq',,poo1q,, laams s1r sa6e1 dleluap n ol ralsrs ,{13n pue plo ..
!!1
i1än uy (.elprrpors etql)a4 pl ,; .
-rJce puE lsnrql-pro,\s E LIIIM IIop ar{} sdorlsap acurJd aq} uaqM
'paq aqf rapun
flasrar{ sapnl pue [f 'SZS»I aceld raq ur (druds) .re8ns
Io aperu ilop pazrs-arr1 e qnd aqs lng 'rq31u Surppam aql uo.raq 8ur
{D{ dq}lastus a8ueae o1 Surpualur'lrr8 ar{+ sarrretu acurrd aq1 .(3a1
s,asror{ sH) 1r.e} aqt rapun da>1uop sn{ sassr» aq }eq} uoqrpuor ar{+
zrurtg-l:ueryo8uo4l Je,,(rng 1I
uo aourrd aq] ol Surqpruos sllas l.rr8 ag1 +ueq)raur se pasrn8srg X )j'..,
'ru+I ol eruo) seq qleap ler{} a^arloq rur{ sa{€ur ;151,1i :uerreSunH :. 1992,U6I rrur ri
^.
ro rurq (s1aou) slearlsnu pup '))rs BuIaaJ sr or{,vr acurrd aq} o+ 'uaw astv| 71...1,-.
1rsr.,r. e sded'(q+eap 1o la8ue qleap) [ZgSf»] rot)op e se lasraq sasrn8
-srp 1.rr8 aql lxaN 'raq ol (3u»1cr.rd aq+ pue sspl aqr) +rarap arü slea^
-ar .ro yrr8 aq+ s>lroru aaurrd aql dep lxau aqJ .salrq lJasul 1o sureld
:-
aql pue) pa8ueq are rolol raq -_
-urof, aqs lalpaau € qll^{ lrr8 aql oprrd dlpaleada.r aturrd arp ,rO e se passaJp uelu e sr slue^Jasp|c..--.
'ssDI e ro, urnlar ur
1.rrB aql o1 snorcald Surqlauros qlas srq o1 sa.rord (sro1n1 sq Jo arr,\pL, -..
pue (ueurlaqsg) lueqrratu e se palsplu surnlar aq dep lxau aql .pa '[SSttI] sdep ua.r.as roJ sarro]s Br:r1;-1
-ruErISe deal srq uo sonu4uoJ pue Jamsue aql aa.otr{ lou soop acur.rd uaul aSI^a. ua^as aqI .Hluap ol at.r-.
ariJ.'[0'901H 'Z\lH] 2a,req d>1s aq] saop srels dueu.uoH :uor]senb rarlleJ srLI ol ulltl sasnf,)E uaql pu:
-relunor e qllz* sramsue 1.rr8 aq1 'seq lueld raq sa^eal ,(ueur,u.oq ;aqlorudals s,acurrd aq1 .(srar_pe;,
(raq SuqncrpF) +ue1d pseq raq Surralea,r sr oqaa FrB e slse dq Surssed o1 spualard aq aceled aq+ ol )req str,:
(ueur SunoX) ecurld V ('EIoIA '11o6 re8ng aq7) .uapruytr psag aql 6L8 -LIJeai asrm ua^as ol sao8 arurrd .s.
1,
I09 (aIa^oN) saleJ )rls{eaä ,82 ICC I8Z JIJ JA.]]
--rr,"-
:*
 FFC 284

about his low social standing, \varns her that if she ever reproaches Combination s: 51.4, 51,4** , 881. anc
him for his sociai status, he wilt never talk again. Literature/Variants: Bp Itr, 530 not_ -
On the wedding night the princess mocks him for his clumsr Hagh1988; Ramsey 19g9.
manners. He leaves her immediatellz 214 takes employment at tht Finnish: Rausmaa l9B2tf.II, \o. 1(
king's court. The king, impressed by his beautv, .egiets that he can- Kerbelyte 1999ff.II; Irish: ö Sr;ttteat
not speak and promises a reward to n hoever succeeds in making 1955,61ff.; Bulgarian: BFp; Greell. I
him talk again; failure will be punished by death. Mode 1983ff. IV, No.266; Turkmen-
The princess comes disguised as a man (doctor). For three nights !979,No.880A*; Georgian: Finger 1
she tries in vain to cure him [H1194.0.1] and is finally led to the gal_ Spanish-American: Espinosa 193;.
lows. The boy (her husband), who is one of the spectators at her exe-
cution, speaks to her (in a very degrading way) at the very last mo- 880* The Gambler,s Wife. A:
ment and so saves her 1ife. Cf. Types 134,514,514**, and gg4. then marries the generan'
gambling, and refurns tL1
Literature/Variants: EM 4 (1984) 1230-1232 (M. Meraklis); Röth 1998. he had lost and finds her
Lithuanian: Schleicher 1857, 86ff ., Range 1981, No. 58; portuguese: Meier/\\rol
1975, No.4, Cardigos (forthcoming); Italian: Cirese/Serafirul97l;Maltese: Stumme Literature/Variants:
1904, No. 11, Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Rumanian: Kremnitz 18g2, No. g; Bulgariar, Finnish: Rausmaa 19i2ff. II, \rr.
*890**; Süilleabhäin/ Christiansen 1963; Rr
BFP, No. Greek: Klaar 1987, 1,l6lf .,Megas lpuchner 1998; Türkish: Ebeiharcl
Boratav 1953, No. 191; Moroccan: Laoust 1949, No. 99. Tatar: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 19i-1.

879* King serztes His Future wife. Aking in disguise [K1g12] overhear. 881 Oft-ProoedFidelity.Ärrrer
three (two) (poor) girls expressing their wishes [N455.3, N467]. Thr (princess) of high descer
youngest declares that even if the king l,r,ould like to marry her, 1.r. sence of her husbald {on
would have to serve her first. men) tries to seduce her I
The king fulfills the wishes of the elder ones and punishes (in.,- her to her husband. He I
prisons, condemns to death) the youngest. The clever girl escapes (i: unfaithful during his ah-
saved) and/or finds a treasure (and builds a castle). Dressed in ner.. to be left in a box in the _r
clothes she makes the king fall in love [K1310] and serve her [N69: A doctor (another mar
6]. She discloses her identity and they marrv. found by other men rrht-r
her cleverness she eludes
Literature/Variants: love with her and) rvant i
]ewish: ]ason 1965, 1975, No. 879.G; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratar, 1953, No.22l After these adr.enture
Iranian: Marzolph 1984, No. *879G; Indian: Jason 1989, No. g79.G. and becomes king. She ha
played in a public place [l
life-story is written on a t-<
PROOFS OF FIDELITYAND INNOCENCE BBO-899 picture is imprisoned.
All the men she had kn
880 AMan Boasts of His wife. A man boasts of the cleverness of his r,r,itt ed, come (to the pict\uel a

at a king's court. He is imprisoned (in the royal castle) in order tr, woman in man's clotilres ct
test whether his wife is able to find and to free him. according to the roles ther
When she learns about his imprisonment, she disguises herseli her identify and is reunitec
as a man [K1837] and comes to live at the court. The princess falls ir-. changes roles with her hus
love with her and their marriage is planned. when her mascurinitr 514, 514*", 772, ggo, gg{, ar
is doubted she has to undergo ordeals to prove her sex, but passe*
Combinations: 5134, 51.4, 5I4*, 5;7
them all. Finally she manages to free her husband by a triik (er_
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1g92lt- l
change of clothes) and escapes with him [R152.i].
No. 3228, 158f. No. 822C,160 No. _rl
1988; Ramsey 1989; Davis 2002, 1t)5-

ru
 :
ueL I qdpzwlN 69e-g9t,e00Z ratllu 160I-90I,ZOOZ s^e e16g61 dasurey 19961
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'IlgL'VZZ€, 'oN 'jsEI 'IZg 'oN 'lhgl,IL,V6,L.ItZ6gTrn^nEqJ :stuelrE^/arnlEralrl
'r88 pue' 0gg'I19, **tLg,VIg /v€Ig :suolteqquroJ
-\r) )rrrt e ,{q pueqsnLl rärl r l
sassed 1nq ,xas raq a,rord o1 . :
'
\lrurlnJSeur raq uaLlM.P.)Lr.. .
lgg pve '7gg '0gg 'zrl'**vrg 'lrg LrrslleJ ssa;urrd ar{J 'unol aLIr r:
saddl 'y3 ('.ra1nr saruocaq aq teqt os pueqsnq raq qlIM salor sa8ueqc
aqs) '[96ItI] pueqsnq raq (sarlreu) q+1a pa+rmar sr pue d+puapr "raq llasrarl sasrn8srp aqs Juarur-ri_
.urrq aarJ ol
sasolJsrp aqs dleurg 'aJrT rar{ ur padeld daql sa1o.r aq} o1 Burprorre l.L-:
ruaql sasuadtuoJaJ,ro 'suopled ,suruapuoJ saqlolJ s,ueur ur ueurom o] rapro ur (allsel ledor aq1 i..
alll\/\ b-ILI Jo SSauJa^a[J aq]
aqJ 'raq rür.tr Surloatu rror{} aqrrJsap pue (arnprd aql of) aruoJ ,pa lo !r!:
-pnlrur pueqsnq roq'qq raq Surrnp umorrT p€q aqs uaur ar{} ilV
pauosrrdrur sr aln;crd 668-088 EfNEfO\\
arp uo sluaunuoc oqaa, uos.rad &aag .(1pe,L E uo uallrr^ sr d,ro1s-ayrl
raq ?aqsrrqnd sr l.rodar puosrad e) ltzff] aceyd cqqnd e ur padeld
-srp (an1e1s 'o1oqd €u4ured) arnlord raq seq aqs .3u»1 saurocaq pue ')"619 'oN ?686I -. i
[ZgSt»] ueru E se ]lasrarl sasrn8srp aLIS sarn]ue^pe asaq] raUV l€ZZ'oN /€96I pregr:-: :
^€]erog/
.raq ssassod ol luem (pue rar{ qllzvr a^ol
uI IIEJ) or{rlr ualu aql 11e ruor; sadecsa ro sapnla aqs ssaura^elJ raq
q8norq; '[f 'OZS1] (.raq dlleur ol luem II€ oqm uaru rarüo dq punoj d;reui .'-. -
sr aqs) raq,(r.reur o1 slu€r\ pu€ rar{ qeaq (ueur.raqloue) .ropop y 669N] raLI alras pue [0I€I)1 .
'sadecse pue 'eas ar{l w xoq e ur \rau ul passaJc .(a1}ser p splrr.r
UaI aq o+
s)se aqs 'paIIH aq aqs srapro pu€ aruasqe sr) sadursa pr8 raaap aLiJ .lsa:.-.-
leq+ srq Sur.rnp IryiüIeJrm
se^^ aqs lpq} aruapr^a asleI aq+ sa^allaq aH .pueqsnq Jaq 01 raq
-utt) saqsrund pue sauo ralrl.r : -
srapuels uer'u aqJ 'papafal q tnq [ZIIZ)] raq acnpas o1 saul (uaru
,(daurnof e uo) pueqsnq raq dq 'raq .,(,r.rer-u o1 a)rl plno \\ :. .
IEraAas 'a,tr1e1ar) ueru raqloue Jo aJuas
-qe arfl Surrnq '(drneaq d.reurproerlxa) .r _
tuecsap q8fq (isacurrd; or{J'[l9rN,S'ggtN] sar{sr.\\ r.r -.
io sreaLlra^o
ueruom E (qlvw anol ur qp1) sarrrer.u lueqo.raur y.flqapqpaaotr1-{g
Igg [ZtSt»] asrn8stp r-r: .- -
'uetrrls*rraraqf, rsns:uerssnrolads,',"",,1',2t::;:ffiifJ jilJiJ,',T*#ät i prerlraqg :qspirnJ,866I . r5fl;:ll
:uerre8lng 1g .oN ,ZgBI zJrLrLual\-
9 :t{slrl lll6L aupalN/sfgrV :upr^teT 1g0I 'oN 'II .!lZg6I eeursneu :r{sruurC -
:sluErre^/aJnlpralIT aluurnls :asallel4l 19761 rurleraq :..
ItoM/rorar\J :asan8nlro4 tgg rr1 .
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'pueqsnq raq spuB pue lsol peq aq ; ;
l€r{ {.I)eq surm a}rm sr11 'sluared.rood srq o} surn}ar pue €urlque8
'rgg puP .-
1e dauou sn{ IIE sasol aq talel .ralq8nep s,leraua8 aq} sarrreu uaq} '**vlg'ilE tEl -
-oru tsel draa aq] 1e (de,lr Burpr..:.-
pue Surtqtue8 le praua8 sn{ s}eeq rarplos V .ahM i,nlqutag at11, *0gg -axa Jaq ]e s.rolelrads al{l
Jo auLr :
-P3^ar1t ol pai d11eug sr pue -
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jgz'oN'9961 :ru€+sDred lyeet,eUtla8urg :uer8roa3 1*V0gg .oN ,616I
slq8ru aarlll roC .(ropop) upltt .r ::.
lawuqcs
z)ur.tg-l';o :1e,,ftn9 ,696Ie^alqals .J) --
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:dsdd3 lSnS :uerssn5 1g66I rauq)n4/se8a7,q :TaarD -Cg ,"nr*äü Surletu ur spaa))ns Ja^aor{,\\ .
A,.jiS ,SSet rar
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504 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28] FFC 284

Leeuwen 2004, Nos. 1.63, 306, 384, 512. 10; Egyptian: El-Shamy 200-t; Aige
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff .II, No. 104; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: Moroccan: Laoust 1949, No. 119.
Kerbelyte L999ff . Il; Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/ Christiansen 1963; Spanish: Camarena/
Chevalier 1995ft.lY; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Dutch: cf. Tinneveld L976,No.2; 881* See Type 514**.
Italian: Cirese/SerafinilgTl,Appari 1992, No. 27;Serbian: Öajkanoviö 1927, No.
81, Djordjeviö/Milo§evi6-Djordjeviö 1988, No. 1.41.;Bulgarian: BFP; Albanian: 881** See Type 859.
Meyer 1884, l27ff Greek: Mousaios-Bougioukos 1976, No. 29,Megas lPuchner
.;
1998; Macedonian: eepenkov/PenuSliski 1989 U, No. 247; Russian, ByelorussiarL
Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 195, 2151Y,219 [ Jewish:
882 The Wager on the \\-i.fe's
captain) praises the r-jrtu
Jason1975; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. IV No. 266, cf. No. 221; Cheremis/Mari,Tatar:
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;tJighur: Kabirov/Schachmatov 1959,'L07fl.; Azer- with a friend (business p
baijan: Achundov 1955, t73ff.; Armenian: Levrn1982, No. 20, Gullakjan 1990; chastity [N15]. After ült
Kazakh:861a2s1956,138ff.; Turkmen: Reichl 1986, No. 31; Tadzhik d. Grjunberg/ with the help of a corrr^ri
Steblin-Kamenskov 1976, Nos. 42, 46;Bwyat, Mongolian: cl.Lörincz 1979, No. (hidden in a box) [K1t4i;
8818*; Syrian, Lebanese, Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004; Aramaic: cf. Arnold 1.994, a birthmark on her brea
No. 35; Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. 313, El-Shamy 2004; Persian Gulf, Saudi Arabian, clothing) and uses it to p
Kuwaiti: El-Shamy 2004; Yemenite: d. Daum 1983, No. 17,El-Shamy 2004; Iraniaru husba-r'rd believes hi,nr .a
Marzolph 1984; Indian: Tauscher 1959, No. 13; French-American: Sascier 1962,
and leaves home.
No. 1; Puerto Rican: Mason/Espinosa 1921,302;Chtlean: Hansen 1952 No. **897A;
Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Stumme L895,77ff., El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese: The woman escap'es d
El-Shamy 2004. She gains a high position
band, who has become d
881A The Abandoned Bride Disguised as a Man. Aprince and his bride are In some variants she
separated in a forest. She escapes from her would-be seducers [T320. recognized (in man's doi
1]. (She shoots an arrow saying she will marry the one who first re- is unmasked artd the c.-u
turns with if and escapes while the men pursue the arrow.)
Combinations: This type is usualll,,-c
The bride disguises herself as a man 1K521.4.1.1, K1837] and is
types, esp. 217,465,881,890, and y
chosen king (given other high honors in a strange land). Or she dis-
Remarks: For popular treatment.
guises herself as a servant to the king aqd overpowers an ogress. Literature/Variants: Köhler/ Boite iS
-
(She hears a cry at night and finds an ogress trying to devour a hu- 92;Popovi(.1,922; Chevalier 196f ; t
man corpse. She cuts off the ogress's leg or the like and is rewarded 5194; Almansi 197 4; Bergel1974; Schr
by the king.) She "marries" a princess (princesses) 1K73221. Moser-Rath); Roth/Roth 1986; Rörh 1
She displays her picture (statue) in a public place [FI21] and posts 10 (2000) 330132 (U. Kocher).
servants (stays there herself) to overhear comments. She gives alms Finnish: Rausmaa l982tf.Ii, No. 1Jl: l
to all comers. In this way she finds her husband. The would-be Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Lc,r-r
seducers are punished. Cf. Types 514**, 881. anian; Kerbelytö 1999f1. II; Lappl<h:
Kecskem6ti /Paunonen 1974; Srr:eüsi
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1.892ff.VI, 199f. No. 372. 162; Danish: Kristensen 1881ff. n. \
Sü illeabhäin / Christiansen i 963; Enq
French: Tegethoff 1923 I, No. 14; Portuguese: Braga 1987I,128ff., Cardigos (forth-
coming); Italian: Cirese/Serafiru1975; Bulgarian: BFP; Albanian: Leskien 1915, Tenöze 1964f1.N 2; Spanish: Childe;
No.56, Camaj/Schier-Oberdorffer 1974,No.40; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff. I\r; Ca.:;
Nos. 215 IV 5 (c, d, e, f),2721Y 3;Jewish: jason 1988a; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. I, No. 1.900f.II, Nos. 293,325, Cardigos {for
(1998) 318f.; Flemish: Mever 196S: G
22;Dagestan:Levtn1978, No. 16; Ossetian: Britaev/Kaloev 1959,394ff.; Cheremis/
285, Brunner/Wachinger 1SSOA. \-II I
Mari: Paasonen/Siro 1939; Kurdish:DZ,alllaetaL.1989, No. 11; Kazakh: Sidel'nikov
1958ff.1,100ff.; Uzbek: Afzalov et al.1963II,17ff.; Tadzhik Grjunberg/Steblin- 20; Ladinian: Decurtins 1896ff. IL \o
Kamenskov 1976, Nos. 42,46;Georgian: Dum6zil 1932 No. 7;kaqi Nowak 1969, No. 128; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 19i
No. 313, El-Shamy 2004; kanian: Horälek 1968f., 186ff.; Indian: Thompson/ Serafini; Hungarian: MNK IV; Czech
Roberts 1960, ]ason 1989;Sri Lankan: Parker 1910ff.I, No.8, If Nos. 103, 10& ye1e, Ngdeljko 1884ff. II, 56ff.; Butrg
Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ttng1978; Spanish-American: Rael 1957 I, No. Polish : Kr zy 2 anow ski 19 62f. l; Ru_.sii
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rarapu€ls aql dpeurg's.read p;aaas ro1 (saqlop s,ueru ur) pazruSoca.r
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'ulq o+ aJuaJouur raq sa.rord pup alnfrlsap aruoJaq seq or1.u 'pueq
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506 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.+ FFC 284 1..

Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos.250,272,378; Jervish: Nov 1963a, No.80, meet together and the rr c
Haboucha 1992, No. 882, cf. No. 929-8; Gyps,v: Briggs 1970f. A II, 451f .; Ossetian: happened (in the forrn ot
Bjazy rov 1958, No. 114; Cheremis / Mari : Kecskem6ti / Pauno nen 197 4; Armenian: doers are punished. Cf. 1
Gullakjan 1990; Tadzhik: Grjunberg/Steblin-Kamenskov 1976, No.56; Georgian:
Kurdovanidze 2000, No. 8824; Svrian: Nor,r.ak 1969, No. 93, El-Shamr.2004; Pal- Combinations: 709.
estinian: Littmann 1957, 1,99ft., Non ak 1969, No. 93, El-Shamv 2004; Jordanian, Literature/Variants: Chaur.in 189.t.
Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984, No. *303*; Indian: Thompson ' 159f. No. 323, 1,92No. 362, YIt,93f. \o
Roberts 1960; Chinese: Grjunberg/Steblin-Kamenskor, 1976, No. 48, Ting 197E; 1968, 34, 445; EM 5 (1987) 113-115: !
Indonesian: Vries 1925f. II, 412 No. 311; Japanese: Ikeda 1971; English-Canadian: 1707 (C. Shojaei Kawan); Röth 1!AS
Halpert/Widdowson 1996 I, Nos. 45-E4, cf. esp. nos. 49-52; French-Canadiar: Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tf.II, No. 1r-.
Delartre/Tenöze 1964tt.IV 2; Spanish-Americarr, Mexican: Robe 1973; Dominicarr: 176; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latr-ian:
Hansen 1957; Mavan: Peäalosa 1992;Braztlian: Alcoforado/Albän 2001, No. 59: 1999ff . II; Wepsian: Kecskemdti par
West Indies: Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: Parsons 7923b1, No. 57; Egvptian, Tuni- No. 66; Irish: B6aloideas 2,3 (19frr,
sian, Aigerian, Moroccan: E1-Shamv 2004. 1963; French: Delarue /Tenöze 196.{r
IV Catalan: Oriol i Pujol 2003; por,ru
882A* Suitors at the Spinning Wheel.In the absence of her husband (ship (forthcoming,); German: Wossidlo F
captair-r) a n ife is annoyed by three suitors. She tricks them into a 1975, Nos. 883A, 883C.; Corsican: \f,a
room [K1218.1.2] and makes them spin (work). Cf. lvpes 890,173A. I, No. 3; Czech: T117e 1929tr.112,17ü.
85; Rumanian: Schullerus 19?E; Bu
Literature/Variants: Camaj / Schier-Oberdorffer 1974. \o
Finnish: Rausmaa 19821f .II, No. 106; Lappish: Qvigstad 1925, Bartens 2003, Nir 1957, 146ff ., Megas/Puchner 1995"
53; English: Briggs 1970f. A II, 503f.; Macedonian: Popvasileva 1983, No. 60; Creek: Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: EberharC
.1975:
Megas/Puchner 1998; Russian, Bvelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS; Jeu.ish: Jason ]ewish: |ason 1988a, Haboucha 1991:
Azerbaijan: Seidov 1977,739ff .; Armenian: Gul1a§an 1990; Tadzhik Sandelholztr-uhe P aunonen 197 ;Arrnenian: Gullakiar l

7960, 239ff .; Spanish-American: Rael 1957 I, No. 44, cf. Nos. 42, 43. 1976, Nos. 42, 46; Ceorgian: Kurd.rr
883§, 8834; Palestinian: Norvak 196!
8828* See 7604. Saudi Arabian: Nowak 1969, No. 11.
883§, 883A; Yemenite: El-Shamv l,itr.l
No. 883§; Iranian: Marzolph i 9&l: InJ
883A The lnnocent Slandeyed Maiden. (Including the previous Type
1960; Sri Lankan: Thompson/ Rober-r:*
883C-.) In the absence of her father (parents), a relative (friend, Ancelet 1994, No. 21; Spanish-Arnerica
clergyman, guardian) attempts to seduce a voung woman. Wher.r 1952 No. 883*"C; Egyptian: Norrali
she rejects him [T320.1], he writes a slanderous Ietter (out of re- 8834, 883C*; Algerian: El-Shamr- lirü
venge) to her father accusing her of loose conduct [K2110.1, K2112] No. 9, El-Shamy 2004, Nos.88§. slj_{
The father commands his son to ki1l his sister [5322.1.3]. Out of pitr El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 883s, 883A.
(believing in her innocence) the brother spares her and gives the
liver (heart, blood) of an animal [K512.2] to the king as proof of the 8838 The Punished Seducn.Beit
murder. The girl is abandoned. locks up his three daugüte
A king (prince) finds her and marries her [L162]. When the king (ring [D1610.8], flou-prs [L
has to go to war (when the woman r,r,ith her children wants to par chaste. A prince (knight. rj-
a visit to her father), he tells a servant (officer, soldier, dignitary) or girls' room secretl_r' (dL.S.,
a relative (brother, uncle) to take care of (accompany) his wife. elder ones.
A second attempt at seduction is made [K2250.1], and the woman's The clever youlgest sL
children are often killed. She escapes [T320] in man's clothes (dis- and teases theprinle. \\h
guised as soldier, officer or shepherd) [K1837] and works unrecog- guises herself as a beggar
nized as a servant in her father's house (in an inn, as a shepherd). princes' castle (to their tat
Despite the slanderer's statement that the queen is dead (abduct- and realizes what has hapl
ed, escaped, has murdered her chiidren), the king searches for hi-c (Bu t when the princes agrer
wife (father searches for his daughter). Finally all persons concerned plan).
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508 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 281 FFC 284

The prince who wants to marry his youngest daughter plans to [D2003], recognition ot
kill her on her wedding night. She puts a sugar doll in her place and the prince marrie-r
[K525.1]. He cuts the doll with his sword, and when he tastes the 425A,514,514*, 87gd I
"blood" he realizes "the sweetness" of his wife and regrets his deed.
(The girl shows up and they are reconciled with one another.) Cf. Remarks: Early literary versioru. !,
Types 879,884. Literature/Variants: BP tr, 5G-59: F
2 (1979)716-723; EM 5 (1987) 16i
Combinations: 879. Scherf 1995 II, 1952-1054,109b-1
Remarks: Important version see Basile, Pentamerone (III,6). Shamy 1.999,No.17.
Literature/Variants: BP lll,222-224; cf. EM 1 (1977) 1310; Röth 1998; Anderson Livonian: Loorits 1926; Lai-,:-:.. ,
2000, 85-88; EM: Verführer: Der bestrafte V. (in prep.). Kerbelyte 1999ff .lI; Faertre.. l'. -
FirLnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I, No. 13, II, No. 108; Finniah-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. Wotian: Kecskem6ti r' Paur' i :-
I, No. L77; Latuian: Aräjs/Medne |977;Lithuaruen: Kerbelytö 1999ff.II;Wepsiary Camarena/Chevalier 1995fi : l .

Karelian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Pujol 2003; Portuguese: C;.:; .- -
Hodne 1984; Danish: SkattegraverenT (1887)102-107, No.553; Faeroese: Nyman 1984a, No.884B; French: De.:*,:.
1984; Tcelandic: S,veinsson 1929, Kvideland/Eirftsson 1988, No. 14; Irish: Ö No. 4, Meyer 1932, Tomkor' r.:1. , -,
Sriilleabhäin/Chiistiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tendze 1,964f1.IV 2; Spanish: Uther 1997 I, No. 39; Italiar.r: l- .

Camarena/Chevalier L995ff.IY;Portuguese: Martinez 1955, No. 11675,Cardl,gos 884,8848,8848*, De Simone ---

(forthcoming); Italian: Cirese / Serafini 1975, Köhler -Znlch I Shojaei Kawan 1991, 2000 II, No. 425K; Czech: Te.:- , -:
1.59-171; Hungarian: MNK IV; Czech: Tille 1929ff .I, 377ff .; Slovakian: Polivka No.62; Macedonian: Popr - -
1923ff.Iy,462ff .;Russian, tlkrainian: SUS; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Turkish: Eberhard/ No. 244; Rumanian: cf . Sch.-: . : - -
Boratav 1953, No. 192 III; Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004; Spanish-American: Rael 1957 garian: BFP, Nos.425K, ESi3 ..:..
I, No.28; Brazilian: Romero/Cascudo 1954, No. 12; Egyptian: EI-Shamy 2004; 37) 459461, 16 (r956)390-i;= -
Moroccan: Basset1,897, No. 116. Puchner 1998, Nos. .881C, -:i-_
Nos.884,8848*; Byeloru-- . -
883C The Boys with Extraordinary Names, A maiden is cast out from home Turkish: Eberhard/Boratar, :: :
884, Jason 1975, No.425K, H...':- -
[5322.1.], marries a man of the lower class, and has three sons whom
_

MNK X 1; Kurdish: DZalila . ..

she names "'What was l?" , "What arrrl?" and "What will I be?" (the
24ff ., cf . Levin 1986, No. l; Cg - :. .
like) [N271.2]. In this way she attracts her father's attention, and
becomes reconciled with him. Cf. Types 1530*, 1940. I6ff.; SdudiArabian: cf. Jalr- . --
37, Ei-Shamy 2004, No. SE-tE-
Literature/Variants: =.
1978, Nos. 884, B84B; lv{err:::-
German: cf. Müllenhoff 1845, No. 54; Greek: Klaar 1970,133ff., Megas/Puchner Fagundes 1961, No. 17; Chile:-: ..' .-
1998; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 137; Syrian: cf. Nowak 1969, No. 33& dies: Parsons 1933f{.I,281if. -, , -
E1-Shamy 2004;Lebanese: cf. Assaf / Assaf L978, No. 27; Palestinian: Muhawi/ Algerian: Savignac 1978, \, , i .-
Kanaana 1989, No. 42,El-Shamy 2004;baqi, Jordanian: El-Shamy 2004; Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004, No. 8B4B-.
Nowak 1969, No. 338; Egyptian" Moroccary Sudanese: EI-Shamy 2004.
8844 See Type 514-*.
883C* See Type 883A.
8848 See Type 884.
884 The Forsakeru Fiancde: Seroice as Menial. (Including the previous
Types 425K,8848, and 8848-.) This miscellaneous type comprises 8848* See Type 884.
various tales with different contents. The variants include different
combinations of the following motifs: 885 The Facetious Weddtr,
A woman disguised in man's clothes [K1837], test of a person's Maidenl. A young ' r'
gender [H1578.1], separation of lovers (couple) fT84,T165.41, wife man even though sh. -.
finds lost husband as he is about to marry another [N681.1], girt in When the young mcrr- .
menial disguise at lover's court [K1816.0.2], the forgotten fianc6e nized to her weddin:
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510 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28] FFC 284

[K1371.1]. He reveals himself. When the nery fiancr

In German variants Friedrich II requests a mock wedding be- the former bride becat
tween the bride and a soldier. superiority in keeping ::
lovers (the killing of her
Literature/Variants: Child 1882ff. IV, 218, 230, Y, 260f.; HDM 1 (1930-ß) 5a9 ; to marry his first bride
Schwarzbaum 1968,472; EM: Trauung: Die scherzhafte T. (in prep.).
Finnish: Rausmaa 1.982ff.II, No. 109; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. I, No. Remarks: Documented in the \tid
178; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Livonian: Loorits 1926;Lithuanian: Kerbelytö1999f1. and in Cent Nouoelles noucelle; t\t
II; Lappish: Qvigstad 1927ff.IV, No. 9; Swedish: Liungman 1961, Schier 1974, No. Literature/Variants : Frosch-Feibujl
63; Danish: Kristensen 1.896f.II, Nos. 5, 14; Icelandic: Boberg 1966, No. K1371.1; Verfasserlexikon 3 (1981) 5{{-r-1t
Scottish: cf. Campbell L890ff.l, No. 17b; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.lY; M. Kully).
Catalan: GonzälezSanz1996, No.891D; German: Henßen 1935, No.206, Ranke Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tr.1l,\o. 1Xl
1955ff. III, Neumann 1971, No. L40,Berger 2001; Italian: Cirese/Serafini t97\;Syria 1977;Darrrsh: Grundtrig 1876ff. L \
Palestinian, Oman, Kuwaiti, Yemenite: EI-Shamy 2004; French-Canadian: Lemieux 1970f. AI,452ff.; English: Sriefel 1
1974tf .1,81,ff., XIV No. 26; Spanish-American: Robe 1973; Egyptian, Tunisiary Delarue / Tenö ze 19 6M. IV 2; Spani_:
Moroccary Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004. Oliveira 1900f. II, No.344 Cardig.r=
289;Italian Arx1909, No. 30; Hu;r
885A Woman Eeigns Death (previously The Seemingly Dead). A young
womern (princess) has fallen in love with a poor young man, but her 887 Griselila.Amarq ris lkix
parents make her marry another man. The rejected wooer leaves for his subjects demand it, F
a journey. At her wedding the girl falls down dead (feigns death) Griselda), and demands
[T37]. Her lover returns, resuscitates her, and marries her. When she has gir-en t
01. he secretly escapes with her and a wax doll is buried in her by taking them arrar- m
grave. After 15 years, he casL. i
had grown up in anoth,
Remarks: Chinese origin(T'aip'ing-kuang-chi, finished 978; cf. Ting 885A). Euro- marry Griselda's daugl
pean versions are documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. Thomas Cantipratanus, wedding feast. I4rhen Gr
Bonum unioersale de apibus (II,57,20). Another early version see Boccaccio, Deca-
plains everything to her.
merone (X,4).
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1.892ff.Y, 133ff. No. 63; Bolte 1910; Bolte 1911a; her again as his *.ife [H.l
BolteL920-22; Röhrich 1962f.II, No. 3, esp. 426428; EM: Scheintote Prinzessin
(forthcoming). Remarks: Early version see Bu_:cac
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, Nos. 110, 111; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/ Literature/Variants: Köhler, Bolte
(1934-40) 350-352 (]. de Vriest: Dt
Medne 1977;Llthuanian: Basanaviöius/Aleksynas 1,993f .II, No. 108, Kerbelyte
1999tr.üSwedish: Liungman 1961; Icelandic: Gering 1882f. tr, No. 86; Scottish: Briggs Stackelberg 1984; Verfasseriexikon
1970f. A1,261f.; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier L995ff.IY; Portuguese: Oliveira
Kierst 1988; Frenzel 1988,261-265: \
1900f. I, No. 3Z II, Nos. 272,302,376, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Cox-Leick/
Velay-Vallantinl9l9; EM 6 (19ff l:i
1993 ; Gier 199 4; Rörh 7998.
CoxL977, No. 48, Volkskundig Bulletin 24 (1998)319; German: Wegener t880,71
FinrLish: Rausmaa 1982tr. Ii,No. 11i:
f.; Austrian: Kainz1974, No. 106; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975; Czech: \lle1929ff .
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1927 ;I_t$tu;r:i
1,401f .,112,221ff .,[ech1984, No. 56; Slovakian: Polivka 1.923f1.I11,403ff.; Potish:
Krzy2anowski 1962f.I, No. 885; Russian: SUS; |ewish: Noy 1963a, No. 84, ]ason Paunonen 1.974; Swedish: Lirlngur
1965, L975; Chuvash: cf. Paasonen et aL.1949, No. 33; Armenian: Hoogasian-Villa
Kristensen 1881ff. IV, No. 1, Bodker tri
ese: Nyman 1984;bish: ö Srülteatfu
1966, No. IL;Kirghiz: Radloff 1866f1.Iil,742ff.;Palestinian: El-Shamy 1995 I, No.
K522.0.1,;lrantan: Marzolph 1984,Marzolphl994r297ff.;C}unese: Ting 1978; Mayan:
A II, 450f .; French: Delarue/TenEze
1995ff . IY ; Portuguese: Oliveira 19]J
Peflalosa 1,992; Egypnan: El-Shamy 2004.
Flemish: Hogenelst 1977 II,No. 330,
Ranke 1955ff. III; Swiss: Wildhaber
886 The Giil Who Could Not Keep the Secret. A young man leaves his No. 27; Czech: Tille L929tr.I,397, J{7.
bride because she canaot keep secrets. He finds a new bride. At the 1998; Russiary Llkrainian: SUS; Turki
betrothal the first fianc6e says that she still hopes to marry him.
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572 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

*832,4.;
lason1,965, 1975;hanian: Marzolph L984, cf. No. Puerto Rican: Hansen Byelorussian: SUS; Jewish: Ja_son
1952 No.887"*A.
lason1975; Gypsy: cf. Mode t9S_ic
1 969, No. 57 ; Tadzhlk: Rozent:el.
I
d
887A* Precious Stones in Bricks (previously The Purchased Wrfr).A young Oman: El-Shamy 2004; yemenite: t
man complains that he possesses brains but no money. He decides Jason1989; Chinese: Ting 197g; Tap
to spend all his hard-earned money to buy a wife [T52]. The wife 1921, 61ff .; Egyptian: El-Shamr i,ir
teaches him how to enclose precious stones inbricks. He takes them Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004.
to the king (czar) as a gift and receives a reward.
888* See Type 870.
Literature/Variants:
Finnish: Rausmaa L982ff.II, No. 11.4;Bulgarian: cf. ParpulovalDobrevalgS2, 8884 TheWifeWhoWould\c
276lf.,BFP, No. *8874.**; Russian: SUS; Kurdish: cl.DL,al1laetal.1989, No. 76;Ar- he will marry onh- a rsor
menian: Gullakjan 1990; Georgian: cf. Kurdovanidze 2000, No. 887A**.
[M134]. WhÄheismarr
saying he does not sup.tr
888 The Faithful Wife. (Inctuding the previous Type 875C.) This tale The prince sets out to
exists chiefly in two different forms: fortune, must work at
(1) A man who is taken into slavery in Turkey [R61] wears a shirt
rr
man [K1837] and frees hLi
that remains white as long as his wife at home remains true to him 61.
[H431.1]. The sultan sends a messenger to seduce the wife, but in She wins chess game
vain [T320.1]. trained cat (cf. Trpe 11
Disguised as a pilgrim (monk) [K1837], she reaches the sultan's wager). She secures toke
court. Through her harp-playing and her singing she wins the sul- husband falsely boasE o
tan's favor. He presents her with a (three) Christian slave, who is in
[H80]. Her husband ne,r-r
fact her husband [R152.1]. When the husband has returned home he
wonders what happened to his wife. She arrives in her pilgrim dress Combination s: 217 , 978.
and identifies herself as his rescuer. Literature/Variants:
(2) Aking goes to a foreign land, where he is thrown into prison. Irish: Ö Srlilleabhäin / Christiarsen
His wife disguises herself as a gusli-player [K1837], goes to the hos- 223f.; Portuguese: Soromenho fur
tile king and receives his permission to take one of the prisoners coming); Frisian: Kooi 19g{a; Ita,;
with her. She chooses her husbaad 1J7545.41. The husband does not Cepenkov/PenuSliski I989 III, _\r.. _
recognize her and later reproaches his wife for not trying to help III, No. 155; Pakistani: Thompson
196Q Jason 1989; Sri Lankan: parke:
him. The truth is discovered. (Previously Type S75C.)
Roberts 1960; Nepalese: Unbescheric
6.
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. I1,444;Hertz 1900,3b,310,335; Bp III,
517-531.;Yries1928,275-284;DYldr l935ff.I, No. 14; Schwarzbaum 1968,47,295;
Tubach 1969, No. 4336; Ranelagh1979, No. H431.1; Schwarzbaum 1979,404f.; 888A* TheBasketMaker. (Incluc
Verfasserlexikon 2 (1980) 880-882 (K. Ruh); EM 5 (1987) 203-207 (W. Williams- a trade (basket-making. p
Krapp). taken away by a sea [äpta
Lafvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977,No. *888**; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff.1l, No. 880; when she sees lüs b{sket
Livonian, Karelian: Kecskem6ti/ P atsnonenlgT 4;Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929; French:
Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff.IV 2; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier l995ff.IY; Catalan: Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1 g91rt
Oriol/Pujol 2003; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Roeck 1980, 44f.; German: not. 11; Marzolphlyan Leeur.r,en )ü
Merkelbach-Pinck 1940, 150ff., 185ff., Ranke 1955ff. III, Moser-Rath1964, No.265, Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e 1977 ; Lithuar
cf. Rehermann !977,\45,405 No.59, Grimm DS/Uther t993ll, No.53[Austrian: Süilleabhäin/ Christiansen 1963; Fr
Gloning 1912,76f ., Depiny 1932,440, No. 478; Ladinian: Decurtins 1896ff. II, No. 199ll.L No.236; Serbian: Eschker 1i
2; Italian: Cirese / Serafiru 1975; Czech: Tllle 1929ff . II 1, 251f ., Dvoiäk 1978, No. 1989 III, Nos. 253-255; Rumanian: L
4336; Slovakian: Ga5parikov61991.f.I, No.237; Slovene: Majar 1888,56ff.; Polish: Greek: Megas/Puchner 1999 Nos. Eb
Krzyäanowski 1962f .I; Russian: Afanas'ev/Barag et al. 1984i.III, No. 338, SUS; Boratav 1953, Nos. 208 V 231; Ie$-Lsh.

j,WWtn
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sua>lol aq+ sdeldsrp alrm aql 'slroydxa sn{ }o slseoq X1asp1 pueqsnq -lns aq] surm aLIS Sur8urs raLI fa,.-:
aq] uaq1vt 'auroq lv'pueqsil{ raq luor} suaTo} sarnJas aq5 .(ra8e,u. s,uellns eql sar{rpar aqs ,[l€SI>-
aql sur.\r aqs 'sra+ear{r ar{+ s{)rr} a:qs) (ltZ addl .p) }E) paurer1
e dq paseqc are qrn{,lr acrtu Surseaya.r dq saure8 ssar{r sur^r aqs ul lnq'aJr,M aLl] aJnpdq o] lä:.. .-
'ls LUIl.l o] anJJ sureural auroq ]E ar:
'97gII] (rso1 peq aq 1e lceq SurrurM dq) *H saary pue [trgg1;] ueu lrrLIS p srpaM [19y] ,{a1rn1 ur u
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.: --
srq 1e sasoy) pa^plsua fl lnq armlro; srq urm o1lno slas aturrd aq1 alel sqI (':EZS add; snor_rar; :
'(saop raqle, raq lnq) rag lroddns +ou saop aq Surdes
'raq leaq o1 uml rvt.oll€ ol sasryar arrM srq parrreru sr aq uarl A '[fgtlN] '**VlBg 'oN ,0002 azpru: .,
dep qcea Surleaq e o+ +nuqns ilr,l\ oqm ueuron e lpo dl.reur IIIM oq -rV 191 'oN '696L .Ie
la elrlezg .lr : ,. :
sles (uos s,lueqcraur) acurrd y 'uaraag aq pN pruoM oryyl atry aqa v888
/Z86I e^arqoq/e,rolndre4 .Jf,
:Lr'. ^
'g7g addl aag *888 .pJPMaJ
P Sa \r:l
'7967 drueqg-If, :asauepns tuaql sa)pl aH'S>llrJq ur sauols r:-:
1g9I 'oN /696I )e,vroN :uerra81y'uersrunl :Vgg7 [lteqg-1g :uerldd8g !.lltg,tZOt alr^{ aqI '[ZEf] a*u e.{nq o1 _ia-.
ralsuet:oqd111g :n'gVgII'oN'116I epaa:asauedellgl6l3ur.1 :asatml3 16961 uose{ saprrap ag dauoru ou ]nq surpr.r.
:uurpr{ 17967 dureqg-It'ZZ'lZ 'soN,€g6I rune6l :a}rualua1 t7gg7 dueqs-If, :ueuro 3uno,{ y '1atrtr4 pasv4t.rn4 aq1 iy:
'Lreruqsaled 'asaueqa.I 169 'oN '6661 [ono4dg/p,Ia;uazo5 :TIr{zpEI 29 'oN ,696I
e^alqals 'Ir :uau>IrnI lt X »Nnt 'gql 'oN ,III .#tg6l apohl .Jr :dsdd3 :9761uosel
'89 'oN '996I doN 'r7'oN '996I ,(oN 'p ,996I uosef :qsr,r.raf lSnS :uerssnroladg uasueH :uerru ouand 1y7gg* .o1 :
€r9 (a11aaog) salEJ )rtsq€aU t8z l{{ lBZ)tt JAL']
-ilnnt
514 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Chalilov 1965,27);Kabardin: LevinL978, No.30; Kurdish: Wentzel 1978, No. 19;

limbs) from the debtor's
Armenian: Khatchatrianzlg46,6\ff., cf. Hoogasian-Villa1966, No. 53, Gullakjan
I99O;Uzbek:, Afzalov et al. 1963I, L40f ., 423ff.; Georgian: Finger 1939,203ff .; Syrian, lew, nobleman) bodv rt-
Palestinian: EI-Shamy 2004, No. 949*; Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 888,4'*, In some variants thr
949*;Iranian: Marzolph 1984, No. *8888; Indian: Mayeda/Brown1974, No. 49, other men try to seduct
I ason L989 ; English-Canadian: Halpert / Widdowso n 1,996 I, No. 53; Egyptian: their money in par"men.
Spitta-Bey 1883, No. Z Nowak 1969, No. 267,E|-Shamy 2004, Nos. 888.4*, 949*; Types 882,{*, 1730).
Tunisian: Nowak 1969, No. 267,81-Shamy 2004 No. 949*; Algerian: El-Shamy 2004, When the time linrit
No.949*; Moroccan: Nowak 1969, No. 267,E!-Shamy 2004, Nos. 888,4*, 949*. judge (pope, king sutrt
1K1.825.21, another rsonr
889 Wager on the Faithfulness of the Seroant (previously The Eaithful In some variant_s, he
Seroant). A man (king, lord, farmer) boasts that his servant (shep- creditor is offered the m*
herd, farmhand) would never tell a lie. His neighbor (foreign king, he does not agree. The i
visitol, friend, governor) makes a wager on the faithfulness of the adds some impossible r

servant [N25]. In order to test the servant he is sent with a letter to debtor he must take the
the neighbor's wife (queer,, daughter) where the woman makes him otherwise he will b. p*
drunk and seduces him. nounces his demand to
In some variants the maidservant (daughter, wife) is sent to the addition).
sherpherd and persuades him to give her in return for her favors a
lamb or the golden horns (liveq, skiry meat) of his master's best ox Combination s: 882, 1,534.
(sheep, horse). Or he is made to believe that he lost his master's pro- Remarks: Documented in the \tidc
perty by gambling while drunk. popular treatment, see Shakespea_n
Later the servant rehearses how he could justify his behavior to Literature/Variants: Bolte 1992; Cha
his master: He puts his stick into the earth with his hat on top and 1898ff.I, No. 18; Wesselski 1909. \r
40) 153f . (A. Taylor); Schwarzbarmr
speaks to it. But all possible lies seem inadequate to him, so he de-
No.4357; Ranelagh 1979, No. K4$_
cides to tell the truth []751.1]. Thus his master wins the wager (the (H. Lixfeld); Marzolph 1992II.
servant is rewarded for his honesty). Cf. Type 930.
\o.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. I No. 115; L
1961 ; Norwegian: Hodne 196-l: Ic,
Literature/Variants: Wesselski 1909, No. 1; Wesselski 1925, No. 11; Bp IV 181; Irish: O Süilleabhiün. Chrl.r
11161 .2;
Tubach 1969, No. 4321;EM3 (1981) 650-655 (U. Huse); Röth 1998. IV 2; Spanish: Childers 1948, No. I.11
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1.977;Lithuanian: Basanaviöius/Aleksynas 1993f. II, No. Oriol/ Puiol 2003; porh-rguese: Sorom
24, Kerbelyte ß99ff. II; Karelian: Kecskemdti/paunonen 1974; Swedish: (forthcoming); Cerman: Ranke lgll
Liungman 1961;Dansh: Grundtvig l914ff.lI,No. 13, Grundtvig lgZ6ff.II,No. 16, Serafini 797 5; Hungarian: Gvörg-
Holbek 1990, No.30; Irish: ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963;lrench: Delarue/ Greek: Puchner 1998; polish: Krzi:z.a
Tenöze 1964ff.lY 2; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 199Sff.w,Gonz6lezSanz1996; 1953, No. 297; Jewish: Noy 1963a. \r
Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Braga 19871,189f ., Cardigos (forthcoming); 1992, No. 8904; Palestinian, persiaa
German: Ranke 1955ff. III; Italian: Cirese/Serafiri197l;Hungarian: György 1954, Iranian: Marzolph 1984, No. 15il i-1.
No.29, MNK IV; Slovakian: Polivka 19231f.IV, No. 127H; Macedonian: Vroclavski Saavedra 1967, No. 38; Egyptiqr \I
1979f- II, No.32; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek Megas/Puchner 1998; poiish: Krzy2anowski
!96]l.t; Russiary Byelorussian, Ukrainian:
SUS; Gypsy: MNKX 1; Kaia-Kalpak:
890** The Debtor,sfea. a [rug
Volkov 1959, No. 17; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; French-Canadian: Delarue/
Tenöze 196M.lY 2; Spanish-American, Meican: Robe 1973; puerto Rican: Hansen
ruler (creditor) wants to s
1957;Argentine: Chertudi 1960f. L No. 62,Kar1tnger198Z No. S2;BrazilimrCascudo mustbe very good since t
1955a, 189ft.,250ff., Alcoforado/Albän 2001, No. 62;West Indies: Flowers 1953. u1081.11.

890 APound of Elesh. A contract entitles the lender (Jew, merchan! usu-
Remarks: Classical roots, Macrobir.r
Literature/Variants: Herbert 1910. 1l
rer, nobleman) of a sum of money (that has been used to woo or to
503; Tubach 1969, No. 541; EM 2 ( 19,
buy a woman [T52.3]) to cut a pound of flesh (eye, head, single Spanish: Childers 1948, No. JI081.1; (
 ra8rrramzun» ''l6E'I€gTErraS-oroI:uerura) 1I'I80II'ot{'gtot sraplrqJ :gsruedg a13urs 'peaq 'ada) qsag
'(qtey-raso61 'il ZiZ Jo Lr,..i.
Gt6il z I^tg jrüg 'oN '696r qJpqnr it09 o] Jo oo-^,\ ol pasn uaaq sELl llr.,r_
'oN 'I üZ6I atlog/In€d 19€ 'oN 0lI'61'oN gZI /016I +raqraH :sluEup^/arnlprall.I
'
-nsn']ueqtrau,.uaf) Japual al;r
(V' aü p g'sr.r qo nell{'s+oor :
II) 4u u "Ln Ie r rs sul J s{ruurau
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uasuEH :LrE)ry ouand 1€16I aqrru
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anrPläc :uPrpPuPJ-LIJUJTJ : :
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er{rnoqeH'9961 uoseJ 'oN'996I doN'09'oN'e€96I do1q :qsra,raf 1262'oN'€g6I _:
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1
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a+log/ralllg» j§üz'oN'It00z'III1\'JJZ68I ur^neq) lz6gTalilog:sluEuE /arnlpralll
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roC '(96I 'oN) un.touuwod u$a)'3'a ,sa8y alpprl I aLIl uI paluarunro6l :s)rerua5 -o.rd s,ralsetu sn{ lsol aL{ l€LIl a .,:
'VegI'Zgg :suorleurquoJ xo ]saq s,Jalseur srtl;o (1eam .....,
'(uorlrppe aql ol luas sr (a;r.r.t talqSuep I 1..:.
ur paqsrund sr pue) rolqap ar{l a}elqnru o} pueuap sn{ sarunou
-ar rolrparr ag+ uodna.raq; dyerarras paqsrund aq IIIM ar{ asrr\raq}o urq sa>lelu ueluo,\,\. aq] aJaq.\\ -:-
'(poolq paqs +ou lsnu aq) lunoure +rexa ar{l oTe} }snru aq ro+qap ol ralla[ e q]l^{ }uas sr aLI JLrP \:::
aq+ ro r{salJ aq} 3ur}}no uar{,rt :suor+rpuor alqrssodrur auos sppe aLIl Jo ssaulnJllileJ aql uo raa-u_,.:
lnq rolrparr ar{} sro^eJ dlerurol luaur8pnf aq1 'aar8e }ou saop ar{ '3_u11 uSlaroy) ;oqq8rau srH .ar, .
lnq 'qsalJ Jo punod aql o8roy IIIM aq JI dauoru aql pareJlo sr rolrparr -daqs; lue,t.ros srLl lpr1.l slspoq -
aq+ /paln)axa uaaq seg +uaru8pnf aq1 aro;aq 'sluerrea ar'uos uI ln1 ql ! al a,y'I
'([ZSS1»] saq]olr s,ueur ur ueruollr. raq]oue ,[Z.gZgl») ^lsnor^a;d1,;ui,.:.r,i
a8pnf se pasrn8srp alrm s,ro+qap aql 'uellns ,3ur1 ,adod) a8pnl '*oio'*VggB .soN,ü002,{ult1*. -
/tr002
ag1 o1 lq8norq sr aser aq] 'paqJear uaaq seq IFrII atup aql uar{M {LueLISJg :uerra8ly 1*6f6 .\ :
'(9971 '*y7gg sadXl 4"616'"VggB .soN ,1002 ,{r-ueq5_11
_
'1:) :uerldd8g 1gg .oN /I 966 1 uos,\ro,a:-
[Z'€i») larJas ra]]€ur aql Surda»1 ro; luatuded ur dauour lraq1 '6t'oN /ft16I ulv'otg Iepadey4l :ut :
so)el pue ile uraq+ salrarap ar{S 'aJrM srq arnpas oq d.r1 uaur.raqlo
pue 'aru4 aluos JoJ peoJq€ saoB pueqsnq ar{l sluerJe^ auros uI
'-v8gg soN '1002 :LrPr.. .
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;a8u11 :uer8,i,, ,,
uPl)PllnJ'[E oN .ggbl p[[rA_uprrr.:
'qlrursplo8 luerlcraru ruqsnry ro ueEsr.rq3) s,rolqap aql urorJ (squ11 j6I 'oN /Bl6Lla4uaM:rlsrprnx lLlt
919 (aIa^oN) saleJ rrlsrlpau l{C ?BZ )CC JAL]]
'82
516 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Zeitvertreiber (L685)21,4, (Conlin 1708) Itr, 233 (EM archlve); Italian: Rotunda 1942, away) and they fall in I
No. ]1081.1; Hungarian: György 1934, No. 8.
her.
The princess follorrs
890A* The Snake in the Bosom. A (sleeping) girl (young man) has a snake captain [K1837] she -.ht
in her bosom. All her relatives refuse to help remove it. Finally her house in front of the kir
lover finds (removes) the snake, which turns to gold. Cf. §pe 2358. The prince falls in love r
presents. Finally she ac
Literature/Variants:
Hungarian: MNK IV; Italian: Cirese/Serahml97l;Turkmen: Stebleva 1969, No. 28.
for a bridge of gold in a
is scratched by a rose-tfr
891 TheManWhoDesertedHisWife(previously TheManuhoDesertshis fin like a corpse under i

Wife and Sets her the Task of Bearing him a Child). A man (prince, him and tells him she is
merchant) marries a woman, intending to revenge himself for an Type 425D.
insult. He deserts her untouched before the wedding night (im- In some variants shr
prisons her), and sets her the seemingly impossible task of bearing identifies herself just a.
him a son [H1187] (to get a foal of his mare or to fill a sealed box with him and wins his lor-e;
gold) and leaves her.
Literature/Variants: EM 8 (1996, .l
She follows him in disguise (first in man's clothes [K1837]) and
Spanish: Gonzälez Sarz 1996; Portr.r
has a love-affair with him without being recognized (three times) (forthcoming); Italian: Cbes€ Serar
[K1814]. She gives birth to a son (three children). Puchner 1998; Turkish: Eberhard I
Her husband returns, intending to marry another woman. Upon Noy 1968, No. 37; Yemenite: Daus
seeing her son (children, tokens) he realizes that she has fulfilled the
task. They are reconciled and he sends the other woman away. Cf. 8918* The King's Glooe.Theku
Type 879. wife of a courtier (krlighr
is suspected of unfaithn
Combinations: 930, 1525G. wife to a banquet, rr-here
Remarks: Oldest literary verslon is from 11th century India (Somadeva, Katha-
the woman do so in rFr
saritsagara). Other early literary versions see Boccaccio, Decamerone (III,9), Straparota
Piaceooli notti (Y1,1) and Basile, Pentamerone (III,a and V6).
wife's) inaocence.
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. II, 647451; Ruben 1945; Röth 1998; EM
Combinations: 983.
9 (1999) 171-175 (K. Pöge-Alder); Fabula 41 (2000) 331.
Literature/Variants: Schr,-arzbau:
Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. IV; Portuguese: Braga 1987 I,123f.124f.,
Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 200-1, \u-.
Cardigos (forthcoming); Italian: Cirese/Serafini1,975, Pitrö/SchendaetaL.L991.,
Spanish: Camarena / Chevalier 199
No. 9; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Macedonian: Öepenkov/Penuöliski 1989 III, No.
Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f.1, \o. 1.1
246;Greek:Klaar 1970,131ff., Megas/Puchner 1998; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav
2003; Italian: Lombardi Satriani 19:
1953, Nos. 192 (8-17),193; ]ewish: Noy 1963a, No. 100, Haboucha 1.992; Gypsy:
Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. lb-: l
MNK X L;Syrian, Palestinian, ]ordanian: El-Shamy 2004;haqi: Nowak 1969, No.
19884 Habou cha 1992; Kazakh: Si,j,
354, El-Shamy 2004; Saudi Arabian: Nowak 1969, No. 354, Fadel 1979,No.70, El-
Shamy 2004; Persian Gull Qataf, Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph
202ff., Cascudo 1955b, t*. i
1984; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960,
Jason 1989, Blackburn 2001, No. 81; Nepalese: Unbescheid 1982 No. 23; English-
891C* "The Pig Eats the lrtoner,
Canadian: Halpert/Widdowson 1996 I, No. 54; Spanish-American: Rael 1957 I, away money (to her ior,-
No. 25; Egyptian: Nowak 1969, No. 354, El-Shamy 2004; Tünisian, Algerian, Moroc- their child says that the n
can, Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004. the pig and finds the mc

891A Crystal Palace (previously The Pincess from the Tozaer Recooers Remarks: Early literary treatn:lem.
her Husband). A princess (only daughter) is kept isolated in a crystal Literature/Variants:
palace [M372, P.41.2, T381]. A prince finds her (sees her from far Portuguese: Vasconcellos / Soromen
ing); Russian: SUS.

I
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]a
:sluEue /arnlEralr.I 1e1sÄn e ur palelosr 1da1 sr ra: 1 ,.
'(€62 'oN) soldwaxluSa sol ap otqtl 'luaurlear+ dreralrl dpeg :sryeurag soaocaü DmoI aql utotl ssa_.;,
'ssauarrrS.rol s,arr,/v!. srq s8aq ag dauour aql spurJ pue 8rd aql
.
sIIDI ueur aq1 dauoru aq] ualea seq (xo) 3rd aq+ leql sdes pllrp rlaql -)oroJAI'uerraSly,uersrunl 1laL.:
lnq raq IIr ol sualearql puuqsnq la11 '(.ra.r.o1 raq o1) dauour de,ra.e 'I 196l iaeu :uef,rraurv-qsrueci:
-qsr18ug tgz .oN ,7961 praq:sa._-,.
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:u..., :
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srtl pue rarlrno) aql salrlur Suna eql 'ssauprq+reFun Jo palradsns sr
aqs 'paq raq uo (8ur"r) arrol8 sru saaeal pue (lr{8}DI) ranrnor E Jo a}r.tt
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sansrnd ags rO 'rarüoue Lrreru o1 lnoqe sr ar{ se }snf;lasraq sau4uapr Surreaq;o 1se1 alqrssodr.ur .iri -.
pue u€ur e se pasrnBsrp acur;d aq+ sansrnd ar{s s}uErJeA aruos uI -ur) lq8ru Surppa,u ar{} arLrlr_:
'q977 edÄa uE ro1 Jlasurl{ a8ua,rar ol Sur,: ,-
'13 'd.rrelu daql pue raq sMoIIoJ ag'8ur,rea1 sr aqs rurq sIIa+ pue turq 'a:ur.rd; upur V .(pl!LD o u,,,1 i,.,
su4 s4asa(I oqm uary aqJ.{1sn..r ....-
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'8Z oN /6961 p.\äJqrts:uaur)rr.rL
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srq slcafar ar{s +nq ueruor\ uMolrTun ayl ,pl^ a^ol w q1e; aaur.rd aq1 '9997 ad.{1 .Jl 'plo8 o} surnl LIr.
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raq,(11eurg .Jr a^ourar dlaq o1'.,. :-.
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aTeus e seq (ueur Sunod; pr8 IS-.
atp se pasrn8sr6'spuourerp yo drus e ur unl smolloJ ssacur.rd aq1
raq
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1 r{silrnrNrsNsnmtä
518 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

892 The Children of the King. While a prince is in the service of another Vroclavski 1979f.lI, No.33, öep'en
king, his sister must govern the country. Howevel, seduced by a 505; Bulgarian: BFP; Creek Loula
certain hght, the princess substitutes a maidservant. Kr zy 2anow ski 19 62f . I; Byelon:_<:
As proof of his seduction (rape) the knight shows a cut finger L952f. lI, No. 115, Haboucha 19!
(hair, knowledge of the birthmarks) to the brother [K2112.1]. The Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 1974; Udrnr
prince repudiates his sister, but she justifies herself by giving proof No. 10; Armenian: Levin 1961. \,
of her chastity. Her innocence becomes apparent and the knight is Oestrup 1897 , 66lf . No. 4 El-Sha_u
Shamy 2004;Iraqi: Meißner 19C{
punished tai6Ll. Cf. Type 882.
Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1g
Schimmel 1980, No. 16; Indian: T
Combinations: 882.
Osipov 1976, No. 110; Korean: Zaho
Remarks: For popular treatment, see Shakespeare, Cymbeline.
No. 43; Vietnamese: Karo.rs 19, 1..
Literature/Variants: Paris 1903a, 482-486,546f.; Katona 1908; popovit lg22;
1977 fl.; Spanish-American: RoLe
Wesselski 1925, No. 19, cf. No. 46;DYldr 1935tf.II, No. 38; Almansi L974;Bergel
Egyptiar; Moroccan: El-Shamv lüü
1974;EM3 (1981)190-197 (E. Moser-Rath); cf. Roth/Roth 1986; cf.Röth 1998; Vär-
Algerian: Lacoste / Mouli6ra-. i96:
fasserlexikon 10 (2000) 330-332 (U. Kocher).
1992,263.
Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Christensen/Badker 1,963ff .,Nos. 15, 61.;Faero-
ese: Nyman 1984; German: Moser-Rath 1984, 120,285; Italian: Cirese/Serafini
1975;Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998;Armenian: Gutlakjan 1990;Tadzhlk: cf. Levin 894 The Ghoulish Schoolmt
1986, No. 6; Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004;Indiarg Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts previous Types 437 anr
19 60 ; Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004. schoolmaster eating a cc
This tale exists chietlr ir
893 ThellnreliableFiends. Ayoung manboasts of his numerous friends. (1) A princess marrie
His father intends to test them. A slaughtered animal (hog, statue, children, who are kidra
tub) is hidden in a sack (in a dark corner of the house). The young leaves blood (other sign
man pretends to have killed a person unintentionally. her children [K2155.1i. s
When he asks his friends to help him bury the corpse they all re- When the prince gc,e
fuse. Only his father's "half-friend" is ready to share the danger to bring her a stone ot p
with him (remains true to him in his feigned trouble) [H1558.1, p315, prince overhears his rri_ü
R169.61. The stone swells and tina
(and she tries to kill hers
Remarks: Documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. |acques de Vitry, Sermones zrul- innocent slandered rtite
gares (lacques de Vitry/Crane, No. 120), Gesta Rominorum (No. tZl), Dialogus children.
creaturarum (No.56). (2) The princess tinds
Literature/Variants: Chauvin1l92ff .II, 194 No. lb,[I, l24No. 113, y,2lif .,VIII,
ed if she would care for l
194ff.,[X,15 No. 1, 16f.; Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. It, S57; Herbert 1910 III, 10,55,205;
months, seven da,. . I--
Basset 1924tf.II, Nos. 32,52;Penzer 1924ff.Y,87;HDlr4 1 (1930-33) 94;Bp Iy,
358f .; Pedersen / Holbek 19 6lI. L No. 1 8 1; Schwarzbaum 19 68, 10 4; Tub ach 19 69,
princess delegates her
Nos.2216, 2407;Ranelaghl979,168;EM5 (1987)287-293 (E. SchoenJeld); Schwarz- When the prince ar
bartm1,989a,255-261; Marzolph 1,992II, No.436; Lacarra 1999,135-141; Schmidt has saved his tife. fle
1999. maidservant 1K2257.1"
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 116; Estonian: Aarne 1918, No.893*, Loorits 1959, a stone of patience. Ti
No. 186; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte l999ff.Il; Karelian: story to the swelling str
Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; F aeroese: Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929; out of pity [H13.2.2]. \\
English: Briggs1970f. AII,497ff.;French: d. Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff.^r 2,No. 1381, the prince interferes. T
19i.,:11971 II,No. 73; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 199S|I.IV, Goldberg 1998,
No. H1558.1; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. H1558.1, Oriol/pujol 2003; German: Combination s: 425 A, 7 1 O.
Moser-Rath 1984,287; Itatian: 8usk1874,237ff., No. Z Rotunda ig+2, No. H155g.1; Remarks: lmportant r er-i,,:.- -
Hungarian: György 1934, No.97, Dömötör 199? No. 189 Dömötör 2OO'J.,274;Czech: Literature/Variants: BP I, 19; \t_. -
Dvoiäk 1978, No. 22-1.6;Bosnian: Krauss/Burr et aL.2002, No. 90; Macedonian: 1995; Röth 1998; El-Shamr t:.::.
 '(+rturlrs 'v) gtLr-wtl (666r) 6l,n{g i€I 'oN'666I dueqg-1g 1866I rDau rq66l :ueruoparpl^l 106 .oN /ZO0Z.Ie _.
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'(0I,71 'Jr pue g'II) auolaaoluad,alrsug aas suorsra^ 1ue1.rodru1 :slrerua5 1L'8EEIH.oN,Z16l epunlo; ._ .
' gzv :suorlPurquo]
0l l'Y :ueruraD lto\z p[n,]. llolro ,I .!
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slsrnq auo+s aql 'sualsrl acur;d aq+ uaqt1t .auo1s Surlaats aql o1 drols :uerlarey :1. llOOOt a1.{laqray : -. :
/696I slrroo.I'*€6g .oN /916I
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pue aJruT e roJ s>lse ssacurld aql'[f'I'116I»,f ßZz)hup^raspuu
/
Jar{ saruoJaq ssacurrd aql pue 'raLI saureur aH .aJII sn{ pa^es ser{ lp1rurlrs llbl-9el 666I eilp)e1 -
-zre,\^qrs j(plaryaorlrs .g)
ar{s }eq} qu1ü aq a^eIS aq} saas pue sua{eMe acurrd aq} uaq6 €6a__. :
'696I qte qnT lWI' g9 61" runeq z- :
'daalse slleJ pue a^els alerual e o] ISel rarl sale8alap ssaeurrd
'Lr ds:h6 (ee-osor) r ,lrcH r_i
aql ']IluI aulq aq+ ,o pua aql arolaq lsnl '([z'zzz) sdep uanas /sqluoru
ua,r.es 'slead uarras) porrad urel,ral E JoI rul{ JoJ aJeJ plnom aqs
!902'99 '0 I'lll0l6l
,IIIA lräqraH._-_
Jr pa "JE IZ'A'T,LI" 'ON
-ua)em€ aq dyuo uec oq.u acuud Surdaays e spq, ssacurrd aq1 (7) }ZI II1 :
'uarpIIrp sn8 optq,(6ZI .oN) Lutlt oLtll ti:1. \.
raq )req s8ur.rq rar{rea+ Ieqruuef, arp pue ,aprvr parapuels }uarouur -lna s)uowtas ,{.r1r4 ap sarrb.lui- .
srr{ saJerqura aour;d aql'(a}1u{ aq+ q}IM Ilasroq ilpl o} sarr} aqs pue)
,\orros atlt reaq +ouue) ]r asneJaq sls,rnq dileuE pue sllaztl.S auols aqJ
'[Z'Z'ttU] auo]s aq] o+ smorros raq 3uq1a1 aJrl,r. sn{ sreaqra^o acur;d '9lCd'l'8EE 1111 (a1qnorl prLr:r:. -
aqI 'saop aq r{rrq^ '(aJlr»l p pue) acuarled }o auols e .raq 8ur.rq o1 raöupp elll ärpqs o1 ,{peal _r :.
rurq s>lse aJrM
pauosrrdrur srq 'dau.rno[ e uo sao8 acurrd aq+ uaq14 -ar 1e ,{aql asdro; aqj .,(rnq ur r.. ..
'pauosrldrur sr aqs
.Ä11euo11ualurLrn..
'[1'gg17y] uerppuc;aq -
Jo raraprnu se raqlour aqt +p +ulod +eq1 (su8rs .raq1o) poolq saleel 3uno.{ Jr.ll .(asnoLI aLl I j
Jo r,ru
rar{rea} aql 'raqrea} qqpoq8 ar{} dq paddeupg are or{z* ,uarplrq) 'anlels '3oq) pturue palalq8n:,.
Iera^as o1 qulq sarrrS
pue peorqe acurrd e sarrreur ssacurrd y (1) 'spuarry snoJaurnu srLI
JO Slspoq ,-..
:surro, +uaralJrp oml uI lgarqc slsrxa alel sr1l
'sadecsa aqs '[6'IID] (8uraq ueunq e) asd.ror e 3u4ea ra]seuloor{)s
suaqou / uosdLuoql :up)upl u\
rer{ saas dleluapnce ssaturrd V (yl1lpue lw sadd; snor,ta.rd -
aq+ Su1pnlru1)'fi+lA lo auols aqt puo ßtsuutlootlcs qsqnotl7 aqL ur^af 'Jr :)ir{zppJ 19661 ueflelp_r-
n6B rurrpras/asarrl :uerlpll lggz,ilat,
-oraeC 1I9,9I .soN ,.ll€96lra{p(rE
alddrpl :u,rr,;V }sa6 lTggT drueqg-lil ,8 'oN ,I qg6r sergrrnolN/a}soruT :::t Äi+
-rJ\ 18oot LIteU'J):g8bl t{tou Ll:.
1y967 drueqg-Ig ?7'oN' 9761
uW l :uersrunI t7gg7 druegg-lg :ue)rorolN,ueudd8g -
189 'oN 1q€Z6I suosred :uerpra^ ade3 !9761aqo5 :uerrraruy-qsrued5 :illZOt Iaaraa +16l rsuPLulv rg€ .oN ll _:
!7761 tr,nodod 1806I euolpy t.ln:-
eMezof epeul'116I epa11 :asauede{ 1Ig.oN tzl6l iv,ow»:asatueu+ar1 1€r.oN .aurpqwli3.rr p:.: -
'lg6Tsapne):uerpoqure3 162'oN ,El6I rysruroroqez :uuaro» igII .oN ,9161 ,:rodrsg
/rr^ase) :asoturng 1096I suaqollTuosdruoql :uerpul 19I .oN /0g6I Iatuturr{rs
:ruelsr)Ed !'yOet'V1qgdlozreyq ,C6g* .oN ,17g6lt1dpzrc[N :ueruErl :Vgg7 f,tr;eqg
-lg :uerqerv rpnes 1t002 dureqglg ,€€ .oN /?06I raugral4 :rbeq lVgg7 dureqg
-lA:ueruepro{'asaueqal 'uprurlsaled lygg7,(ureqg-lE,ü.oN .ll99,16gl dn.rlsag sI lq81tr.{ aq} pue lua"redde saluLit.
:uerrdg :0002 azp:nte oprn» :uer8roaS 172 .oN tZg6IV^a-l,ueruaurry jgl .oN 1oo.rd Surar8 ,{q ylasraq sar;r1sni a..
'Z16IzaqaN:Llsrprn» :U'oN'I96I Burler» :llrrtrtpn+l6l uauouned/rl?uralsra» aq1 'It'Z 117y1 raqlorQ a{l oj r-,-
qedlon iyl 'oN
'9761 1[.t4eg.p :zeq{qv !2661 eqlnoqeH ,gII 'oN ,Il .JZ96I la8ur; ln; p s.ttor.1s 1!Bru>1 rLll r:.:
ul)eled Earre.I :qsraa.a{ iSnS :u€rurer>IIl ,uerssnroladg 11 .JZ96I riswouez(ztSl .lue^Jaspreru
, E Saln:tl
:r{srlod 1966I rauqrnd / se8ayq ^illgL , 196T so+E)no1 :)aarD 14gg :uerreSlng 1g0g e pa)npas tala^{oH d;luno:
'oN i1I '9lZ'ggl 'soN,III 6g6I plslsnua4/zroluada3 ,€€.oN ,ll.1616l Drs^elror1 ^q
Jar{}oue Jo aJrAJas arp ur sr arur:d :
619 (a11a,ro11) salpJ )rls{ea5 782 ICC ,BZ lcs Jaut
,--"d
K .qtq
520 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC2B4 FFC 284

Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977, No. 437; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö l999ff .I, No. 437; 897 The Orphan Girl and E
Scottish: Campbell 1890ff. I, No. 13; Irish: cf. Ö Süilleabhäin1942,572; Spanish: by her sevenbrothers rr
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. tr, No.43Z cf. No.438; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol2003; Por- sisters-in-1aw. Ther- se
tuguese: cf. Cardigos (forthcoming), No.438; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975, Nos.
unable to perform ther
437, 894; Hungarian: D6gh 1955f. II, No. 55; Macedonian: Öepenkov / PenuSliski
She is helped br- r-a
1989 I, No. 72;B:ulgarian: BFP, Nos. 437,894;Albanian: Dozon 1881, No. 7; Greek:
Boulenger 1,935,991f., Dawkins 1953, Nos.32,33,Laogräphia 16 (1957)153-155, from the foreit rr-itirout
394-398, c[.398400, Karlinger 1,979,No.19, Diller 1982, No. 65; RussiarL Byelo- the sticks [H1023.19" B:
russian, Ukrainian: SUS, No.43Z Turkish: Krinos 1905,2-LSfI., Eberhard/Boratav tigress willinglv givs ;1
-1952f
1953, No. 185, cf. Boratav 1,967, L50ff .; Jewish: Larrea Palacin .1, No. 11, 1180), frogs fill the hote
Haboucha 1992 Nos. 437,894;Dagestan: cf. ChaLilov 1965, No.53; Cheremis/Mari: scattered in a field, t'irü
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974, No. 437; Azerbaljan: Seidov 1977,101.ff.; Kurdish: the last task, the brothe
Wentzel 1978, No. 18; Armenian: Hoogasian-Y1lla1966, No. 2, Gullakjan1990;
Uzbek: Afzalov et a1..1963I1,34f., Reichl 1978,68-70;Tadzhik: Rozenfel'd/Ryökovoj Literature/Variants:
1990, No. 12; Georgian: Kurdovanidze2000, No.437; Syrian: El-Shamy2004, Nos. Armenian: Hoogasian-Villa 1 96r::
437, 89 4; Palestinian: Hanauer 1907, 221 ff ., Muhawi / Ka naana 1989, No. 35, El- H1023.19, H1361.1, H1 023.2. 1.1" F
Shamy 2004;Jordanian: El-Shamy 2004; Iraqi: Stevens 193'1., No. 33, El-Shamy 1967, l73lf ., ]ason 1989, Blackt'un
2004, Nos. 437, 894; Saudi ArabiarL Qatar: El-Shamy 200{ Nos. 437,894; Kuwaiti: 1960.
El-Shamy 2004; Yemenite: Nowak 1969, No. 149, El-Shamy 2004;karian:Lorimer/
Lorimer 1919, No. 5, Marzolph 1984; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 1960, No. 898 The Daughter of the Sur
Indian: Thompson / Roberts 1 960, No. 43| ]ason !989 ; Br azllian: Camarena /
437 ;
In order to evade a prclp
Chevalier l995ff.II, No. 437; Egyptian: Artin Pacha 1895, No. 3, Nowak 1969,
by the sun and bear a cnr
Nos. 106, 149, El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 437, 894; Tunisian, Algerian: El-Shamy 2004,
Nos. 432 894; Moroccan: Dermenghem1,945,21ff., El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese: the prophery is fulrill,e.j
Kronenberg / Kronenberg 1 978, No. 6, El-Shamy 2004. posed [5313] in a garde
In some variaats a d
896 The Lecherous Holy Man and the Maiden in a Box. A holy man themselves a girl (dolJ,
(trusted adviser) falls in love with a beautiful girl, but she spurns his marry her. On the rr-a,;
advances. He convinces the girl's father (husband) that she is un- changes the doll rrith fu
chaste (will bring calamities to the kingdom) and that she should be The prirrce does not
placed in a box and cast into the river (delivered to him). He in- stays mute and rejects hi
structs his followers to bring the box to him, to leave it in his room, blood, but they all die r
to securely lock the doors, and to ignore any sounds that may come first woman (e.g. obje.^t
from his room [K1333,K1367). again, when she puts hr
A prince (other helper) finds the box before it falls into the hands When the prince teigg
of the holy man's followers, removes the girl, and puts a mad dog origiry and consents to i
(tiger, wild animal) 1K7625,K1.6741into the box. The holy man is In other variants tlre 1

torn to pieces when he opens the box [Q243.6]. The girl marries her how he should address
rescuer and is reconciled with her family. sea, etc.). Whenhe salJs tr

Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1.892ff. VI, 158f. No. 322C. Remarks: This type is related to tir
Buryat, Mongolian: Lörincz 1979, No. 407;Syrian, Palestinian, Saudi Arabiaru Literature/Variants: Köhler,,' Botrtr
Kuwaiti, Qatar, Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/Balys 1958, Nos. Binder); Röth 1998; EM: Sonnentot
K1 333, K1,367, Kl 67 4, Q243. 6, Thompson / Roberts
960, J ason 19 89, Blackburn
1
Danish: Kar;lrp 1.979f .II, 180ff., \o
2001, No. 40; Sri Lankan: Parker 1,91,011.L Nos. 108, L39,144, Thompson/Roberts Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff. I\-; C.a
1960; Chinese:Ting1978; Japanese: lkeda1971.,Inadaf Ozawa1977ff.; Egyptian, 1900f.1, Nos.3, 143, Cardigos (for
Algerian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004. Simone 1994, No.43; Hungarian: ct. t
1951, 101ff .; Bulgarian: cf. Parpulou
banian: Hahn 1864 II, No. 108; Gn
 rauqrnd/se8alN'II 'oN '096I sur).&rpc :Taar3 1g0I 'oN ,llfrgglur{eH :ueruEq
-lV jV868- 'oN AdS 'p ^HeW tzg6le^atqo1/e,ro1ndre4 .p :uerreSlng :.HIOI,196I
solnodoqr6:ueruopa)El4l llg 'oN'266I r9.]91uoq'p:ueue8unH 1€?.oN ?66I auou4s
aC'916l rurreras/asarr3:uerletl l(Sururorrlgoy) so8rpre3,tTI ,g'soN ,1.!006l 'ueqdd8g t. ll ZrcteMezo E
/ Lr:,,:,
Erra^rlo:asan8nlro4 lgggTptn4lprro:uEIBluJ lttl.ilE11ralle^ar{J/Euaruure3 slraqo5Tuosduorll ,trtl ,6€I
:
urnqlrelg,696l uose{ /096I :rjr
:qsruedg 19 'oN '696I rlnednos :rpuary ill 'oN ,'ll1gT,Il.16761 dwcSl:qsrueq
'(Suruocqlro;) .ralqcoluauuos :^g 1g66I rpetl i(rapurg 'soN 'g96I sdlegTuosdruol1l :,.:
')) 19Z-692 (fgOt) g htrg lgz'oN'01 '/96gla+Ioglralr{e»:stuplrp /arnteratrl 'uprqerv rpnes ,uprurlsaled ,u:- -
'a€ueq yo g/ru ar{l o} palelar sr addl sn{J :s{reruag 'lzaE ,-.'.
'urn{ sarrreru pue opeds aqs derra. srql ur rarl sll€J aq uaq A .(.rla ,eas '.i1r'.1- .
ag+ yo ralqBnep) uns eql yo ralq8nep :rar{ ssarppe plnor{s or{ .troq raq sarrreru lrr8 aq1 .tS.EfZö, ,
strreal pue Sularrenb spafqo s.reaqra.r.o acuud aq; s]uerJe^ rarpo uI sl upur ,{1oq aq1 'xoq äLlt or*
'a8errleru aql ol sluasuoJ pue 'ur8r,ro 8op peLu e slnd pue ,1.,,8 -
"..1,
rar{ slea^ar 'urrq JoJ sarec pr8 aql ssaullr ue su8ray acur.rd aq} uaqM spuEr{ aq} o}ul slleJ 1r aroJaq \.,,1
'('ap 'readde qs5 pa)oor IIo loq ur ra8urylaq slnd aqs uaq,,ra. ,ure8e
saa.ol8 asou ln) laq 'spueururoc rar{ daqo spafqo .3.a) ueruoaa. 1sn1 atuoc deru l€r{} spunos ,iue ai.- ---
,
aql Jo sarlrlrqe aq] alelrrur o1 d.r1 laql uaqm arp p daqr lnq /poolq 'rüooJ srLI ur ]r a^eal o1 ,t-urq rrl
pdo.r 1o uaurom aarql sarrreru acurrd aq1 'tur-q spafa; pue alnur sdels -uI aH .(rrl.l ol para^rlap) ra . -
aqs os 'ur8r.ro dleurproe4xa;aq azruSoJar +ou saop acur,rd aq1 aq ppoqs aqs leq] pue (tuopSi:. ,
'sarrreur acur;d aql ruor{.tr ,.ralq8nep umo raq q}IM -un sr aLIS leql (pueqsnq) rar::,..-
IIop aq} sa8ueqc
-xa eas (aql 1o ssarlsrur) aql acurrd aql o+ dem aql uO ..raq ft.reur srr-1 su,r_nds aqs tnq ,;.rrB
lnlryrr -
o+ sluem acurld y '(a1sed 'aur1) poom ruo.g (11op) 1.rr8 e saalasurag+ uetu ,{1oq V .xog a ut ualltLlll
plrnq'ureaJp e Surrreq.rarye 'aldnoc ssalplq) € sluerJel auros uI
'[e't'tgtU] acur.rd e .,(q pancsar pue uapreB e ur [g1gg] pasod 't0ca ..-
-xa sr uns aql yo ralq8nep aqJ '[tZSl'tgel] pallg1nJ sr dcarldord aq1 :äsruppns r7gg7 ,{ueq5_ll .l,l::
'ü002 :uer.raBly,upr-:
ssalarpre^aN 'ramol e ur paurluo) sr arls ,ppqo e rceq pue uns aql dq /696I ^LupqS_13 .oN
paleu8a.rdurr aq plnom ssecurld e )E-4,roN '€ '969I PqrL. . _.
1eq1 dcaqdord e apeaa o] rapro uI
/euarElllE] :uprlrzer8 j6g6I uo!:
('appg IIoC aqI 'uapr€tr I ssalqcaadg aq;) .ungatq lo ntq&na1 aqt 868 'oN '0gol \lrrqou / uosdLuoLl
L
/ratuuo-I :ueruprl 17967,{rueq5_r. -
:t1tp^rn» +65 ,l€i'soN ,1002 .iur:.
-:
spaqog / uosdruoqJ :ue)u, -L ItSlZ l. oN,I 002 umqTrel g, 6961 uose{,. U, 232+- Äiueq5-11 ,t€.oN ,lC6 I cuarr:*
dey apoyq'696 speqoy uosdruoql,
1 1 / Z. I 6OIH, Z. I Z. €ZO1;g_, t Ig 2IH, 6I.^ CZOI;S -ll 'Et'oN 'b8bl puepupy ,,,u-
'Z'rt6H 'soN '996I sdpgTuosduroql :u€rpul :996I elly-uerse8oo11 :ueruarurv 't9OZ ,{ueq5-11:uer.r,{5 : .;.
:sluerre^/arnlEralIl ,toN
ro^o)l^u / p,tajuazou :)lrlTpPI _
_
16661 uefte11n3 ,Z .oN ,996l elit..
'patlsrund are Mel-ur-sralsrs ar{I 'readde sraqlorq aq} 5lsel lsel aq+ :r{srprn) :.lltOt ,ZZA Aopras :u.. .:,
Stmu.ropad $ aqs alrqM'[Z'f OOfff] raq dlaq sprrq,plar; e ur para]]ers :rrp] I/sruraraql 109 .oN /996l .\or:,: _
spaas raqle8 ot:lZ'fZ'8201111 aaars aq+ ur saloq aq] IIIJ s8ory ,(gg11 't I 'oN ,l .lzg6l ur)PIPd ParrPl :. -
adlg 'p) lZ'tZOt;g.] anars e ur ralem r{r}a, o1 11r saar8 llSurrp ssa.r8rl prPr.{raqf ,IJEI Z 'E06 I r
^ ^PlProB /
ar{}'h'IgtIHl lptu s,ssa;8q e qrlal ot![g'619g,6l.EZ1IH]$lrr]s aq] -oiaÄg'uerssnu jg9 .oN ,Zg6I rall:a
punore spurm aleus p1dlaq e ,adol e Sursn lnoqlrM +saro1 aql ruorl '99I-t9I (tSOt) St erqdgr8oel ,fg :
s>lrr+s ,o peol a8rel e f,.net o+ :sleurrue snorre^ dq padlaq sr aqg :{aäJD 1l 'oN ,IBSI uozoq :uerlrec,:
L-
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^o1uada3
'soN'916I ruryeragTaia.rrJ
aq IIIM aqs Surdoq '[ZneeU] raq roJ $lse] ]as daql .a,r.e1-ur-sra+srs :uErlpll
-roJ 1f002 1oln.1, 1or"rg :ueJptpJ :b.f
ua^as raq Jo aruJ aql ur dr4 e uo oB daql apq,l,t sraqlorq ua^es .raq dq
:qsgued5 :ZlS,Zt6l urpLlqprltrnc O
+ya1 sr 1.rr8 Sunody 'Ma7-ut-s.elsß pru) ßHpuu Ttrg uaqdtg aqa L6g :lct'oN'l .JJ6b6
I a1,{laqra; :Lrf ru:
IZ9 (aIa^oN) salEl )rls{eau ,BZ ICC ngz)tt r aL'l
522 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

1998; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 91; Jewish: cf. Haboucha 1992, Nos. Night's Dream ([tb94l9S] r,.,rl.
**8988, **898C;
Abkh az:,5akry11975, No. 44; Georgian: Dotidze 1956,59f .; Syrian: -ri
Literature/Variants: Chaurjn 1 S:
Oestrup 1897, 56ff ., No. 3, Nowak 1969, Nos. 78,23L, El-Shamy 2004; Palestinian: Branciforti 1959; Tubach 19G9. \,
Muhawi/Kanaana 1989, No. 2O EI-Shamy 200 4; lordantan saudi Arabian, Kuwaiti, 1988, 661-664; Röhrich 1989. i_r,l:,
Qatar: El-Shamy 2004;banian: Marzolph 1984; Afghan: Borcherding 1975, No. 15; Schirmer/F. ]. Worstbrock); Garn:
Egyptian: Nowak 1969, No. 78, El-Shamy 2004;Llbyan: Stumme 1898, 120ff. No. (2003) 87-92 (L. Lieb); Kern Ehe:
5, Nowak 1969, No. 7& EI-Shamy 2004; Tünisian: EI-Shamy 2004; Algerian: Nowak Icelandic: Boberg 1966, No. TSI_r:.
1969, No. 231, EI-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Fasi/Dermenghem 1928,1841t., Nowak Panzer 1B4Bf. I I, No. 439, Fischer 1
1969, No. 78, El-Shamy 2004; Sudanese, Tanzanian: EI-Shamy 2004. No.'?Al501, IX No. ,S/1,134. ):I.l
Schenda/Tomkowiak 1993, \o" n
899 Alcestis, Ayoung man (only son) is doomed to an early death: He is Egyptian, Tunisiary Algerian_ \fo
predestined to die on his wedding day [M341.1.1].
In some variants Norns [M301.12] (an angel, death) predict his
death for the third day after his birth (another day). God (saints, St.
George, Demetrius) intercedes with the Norns (death), and they
THE OBSTINATE I\I
agree that the young man may live if another person is willing to die
for him or to give him half (a part) of his own remaining lifetime.
900 KingThrushbearil. Äpr
The members of his family (his parents) refuse, but his bride is
suitors [H311] n ithout I
ready to die for him [T211.1]. God saves both the young man and the them ugly names (Thni
woman who is willing to sacrifice herself, and punishes the hard- this behavio4 decids ttu
hearted parents. Cf. Types 934,1354. [T62], even if he is a tee
The last rejected rr-c*j
Remarks: Literary treatment, see Euripides, Alk€stis. guised as a beggar [Ktri
Literature/Variants: Megas 1933; Brednich L964a,3l-37;Schwarzbaum 1968,289; father) and the princes= i
EiM1 (1977) 315-319 (G. A. Megas); Anderson 2OOO, t16f. purchases the right to sp
Italian: Cirese/Seraf ini1975; Hungarian: Berze Nagy/Ban6 1957 II, No. 803**; becomes pregnant).
Serbian: eajkanovi6 1927, No.87,bjordjevlö/MiloEäviö-Djorrljeviö 1988, Nos. The couple runs arsa
134-136; Croatian: Karlinger /Mykytiuk 1962 No. 27; Rumanian: Schott/ Schott prince in disgr-rise humil
1971, No. 29;Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1,998; Turkish: Eberhard/ the marketplace, she ha_.
Boratav 1953, No. 113 (8-10); Iewish: Noy 1965, No. 63, |ason 1965,1975; Atmenian:
he even forces her to stea
Gullakjan 1990; Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Indian: Jason 1989.
2]. During a celebration rr

ed prince) he, in his true

8994 Pyramus andThisbe, Pyramus and Thisbe, children of neighboring
before all the people at co
families, are in love, but their fathers have forbidden them to meet.
as her beggaihuiUuna p
They use a crack in the wall between their houses to communicate
and their official wedtlrn
in secret [T41.1].
One day they decide to meet on the following night outside the Combinations: 5134, 850, 8J1" arC
city under a mulberry tree. When Thisbe arrives she is frightened by Remarks: Important version see Ba
a lion and hides in a cave. Before the lion goes away, he chews on a Literature/Variants: Bp I, 443_tl9: F
scarf that Thisbe had dropped, and leaves marks of blood on it. 2 (193440) 569f. (H. Honti); Robers
Pyramus comes and, seeing the scarf (other evidence), believes 117, 719, 121t., 168, 184; BIu}m 1995
that Thisbe is dead and kills himself [N343]. 11,1063-106s,1026f.; EM 8 (199d,r 1.1

Thisbe returns, finds her lover dead, and kills herself with his 194-198; Röth 1998; EM 9 (1999) 1ti
sword [T81.6]. The blood-red berries of the mulberry tree commem- Finnish: Rausmaa t9g2ff . II, Nos. 1X
No. 180; Estonian: Aarne 191g; Lahia
orate the lovers' unhappy end.
1_999ff . ll; Lappish: evigstad 192itr
Remarks: Exemplum of classical origin, Ovid Metamorphoses (IV55-166). Wide-
Pa unonen 1 97 4; Sw edish: Li un gman
spread in Europe, for popular treatment, see e.g. Shakespeare , A Midsummer Grundtvig l,B1Lff.III, No. 1, G"rurr,j
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ssaurlg8neq rar{ ro} raq sanr8ro; aH '[ISIH] pueqsnq re88aq.raq se 'laaru ol trlalll uapprqroJ a-\rJ-r _.
raq o+ Ilaswrq Pa^ar aq saop uagl dpro 'UnoJ ]e aldoad atp 1e arolaq Buuoqq8rauJo uarplrql ,ac1sl,; .
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524 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC284 FFC 284

Kvideland/Sehmsdorf 1999, No. 53; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Schier Remarks: Documented in ti-.- l. _

1983, No. Irish: Ö Süilteabhäin/Christians enl963; English: Briggs lg7\f.BlI,

14; 35). Popular dramatic \ cr- . -
77f.;French: Delarue/Tendzel964ff.IV 2; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1,995ft. Literature/Variants: Sim:.-:. -'-
IV; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f. L No. 141, Cardigos (forth- Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. L tl- -
coming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; Luxembourg: Gredt 1883, No. Frosch-Freiburg 7977,87-91 : : -

916; German: Ranke 1955ff. III, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 52, cf. Grubmüller 1980, 199-201; Baumann l;.- -
1996, No. 9; Austrian: Haiding 1953, No. 45; Ladinian: Decurtins / Brunold-Bigler l,45-147: Röth 1q98; \erja--
2002, No. 126;ltalian: Cirese/Serafinilg7s, De Simone 1994, No. 16; Hungarian: mung der Widerspenstrger- .- :
MNK IV; Czech: T1lle 19291f .I,351.ff.; Slovakian: Ga§parfkovä 1991f .I, Nos. 85, Finnish: Rausmaa 1982fi. Il l:. .
194,282, II, Nos. 392,437,539; Slovene: Gabr§öek 1910,181ff.; Bulgarian: BFP; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Lal,. -.,:- .:
Polish: Krzyäanowski 1.962f. I; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1.998; Russian, Byelo- II; Wepsiary Wotian, Karel_...:- : . .
russiary Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 190, not. A (a, d); 1q61 ; Norwegian: Hod n, .
-
Jewish: Jason 1965, 1975; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004; Ilaqi cf . Holbek 1990, No. 32; Icela:-:.: : .
Nowak 1969, No. 92; Qatar, Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/ 1963; French: Delarue Ter,=:. . -
Roberts 1960; Chinese:Ting1978; Cambodian: Sacher 1979,158ff.;IJS-American:
-1.97
TV,Gonzälez Sanz laon r - -_
B au ghman L9 6 6 ; Mexic an: Rob e 3 ; P uerto Rican: Hanse n 1,9 57 ; Brazilian: N12, Oriol/Pujol 2003; Ptrr.-i .-, ::
Alcoforado/Albdn200t, No. 63; West Indies: Flowers 1,953;Egyprian: Nowak coming); Dutch: Sinnin.l.:r. .-
1969, No.70;Llbyan: EI-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: cf. Nowak1969, No.92, E1- 1977,No. D22, Moser-Rath _::-
Shamy 2004; Congolese: Klipple 1992,263f. 1953, No.45; Ladinian: D.:-- -
1q75; Sardinian: Cire-e :,
900C* TheHalf-Pear. Aprincess is to be married to whoever wins a tourna- MNK VII A, No. 13668-; Si;' . . :
ment. She mocks a knight who eats half a pear without peeling it II, Nos. 5118, 5154; Bulq;.:,.: :- : .
(and without offering her the other half) calling him, "Knight of the Puchner l gg8; Russian, Er , ,.
half-pear". vinian: Kecskemeti lai: :--
He disguises himself as a deaf-mute fool and lies down before Kurdovanidze 2000; Pale.: . .. -

the palace. He is invited to sit at the fireplace inside the palace. Roberts 1960, ]ason 1989; -\:-. : .

When his penis becomes erect he is summoned by the princess and

Baughman 1966; Spanish-,:- -.: .

Burrison 1989, l82f .: Eg),.

has sexual intercourse with her.
can: Coetzee et al. 7967; \ I,:.,: . . -
The next day he is thrown out and returns to the tournament in
his former knight's dress where he alludes clearly to the night's 901,8* Who Works Nol Er;r-; 'r --
events. He marries the embarrassed princess. Cf. Type 900.
lazy wife (daugh:e: ,. :
the mpasu re: tal.. - -
Literature/Variants: Wlislocki 1888; Wolff 1893;BP l, 445, 446 not. 1; Wesselski
1925, No. 26;EM 2 (1979) 421425 (K. Ranke); Uther 1981, 92-94,96; Verfasser-
something to ear
lexikon 3 (1981) 404f. (N. R. Wolf). 7370,1453, and 1::
Portuguese: cf. Soromenho/Soromenho l984ll, Nos. 607, 608, Cardigos (forth-
coming), No. 1545*C; German: Iahn 1890, 10ff. Combinations: 901.
Remarks: See the verse ir, n. . .

you/ we gave you this rule: I: -. --

901 Taming of the Shreut A man marries the youngest of three sisters,
X,7 andMatthewX,I,O.
who is strongminded and shrewish [L50]. In order to demonstrate
Literature/Variants: Cf. E\I
how he punishes disobedience, he shoots his dog and his horse = , -:=
Latvian: Aräjs /Medne 197i, \ - . -
when they do not obey his (nonsensical) orders. He brings his wife No. 13704*; Karelian: Kec:i.:-..
to submission [T251.2]. In a wager with his brothers about which has Christiansen 1963, No. 13;l_r,- :"-
the most obedient wife (sisters-in-law) it becomes evident that only tuguese: Oliveira 19001.I, No. . .-.
his wife is truly obedient. He wins the bet [H386, N12]. Cf. Type 1975, Nos. 9018. , 1.370A"; Hr,m*:. ..

1370. Miloievii-Diordjeviö 1q88, \

Rumanian: Stroescu 1969LI,\o : .

Combination s: 9018*,'137 0. Megas/Puchner 1998; Russiar.r. 8..

=
Turkish: Eberhard/Borat;r Iy:-' .
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Tse8ayq ^lLlZ'196I sole>lnol 'p :>Iaar3 14gg :uerreSlng ir9l9
,gIIg .soN ,II ;r Surlaad lnoqll.,rt read e.r li.. -.
696I nrsaorls 'Jf, :uetuptun5 :'106l,966I [ador; :aualols !*ggg€l.oN ,V II^ »Nhl -PUJnOl e sur^t Ja^aoq_^ Ol pJr-*:.
:uerre8unll !9761 dotnqa-pns1htr :asaller\l irurleras/asarr3 :uerurprpS 1916l
IuIJeraS/asarr) :uErletl 19 'oN ZI9 ,X.IJ96gl surunracl :uelurpE.I 19, .oN ,€96I
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qloU'p'ry'#996I aTu€U 206I rada141 :ueruraD 19761 aq8uruurs:q)tnq :(Suluoc
-qlro1) so8rple3'Zg,'oN 1I'J006I erra^rlo :asan8nlro4 :ggg71rc{n411oIrO ,ZIN
)e,rtoN :uer1d,{81 :€E6l srr \\,
.oN ,9661 :uprIt7pr8 1lE6I uasueH :upr:i -
'oN '€66I pree8na5l :uelele3 1ZIN 8raqploD,966Lzuegra1gzuo1l ,1y1
:ueJrraruv-Sn : hggt,
'JJ966I rarre^ar{J/euareurEs :qsrued5 lz O, ZOtraqr : :
Ll'ilVg'lazQual/aruelac :qruard 1096I
7 uosdr-uoq1 :up_lpul ryg67 ,i_
uasuErlsrr r .) / q,er{qEalll4s g :qslrl 1626I uossura^s :)rpuelarl lzt .oN,066I
)aqloH 'lr :rDprl 17667 ÄLueq5_13 :r-rur- _
'IZ'oN 'Ill]ü 'oN'I 'rJrggl 8ra1punr3 :r{srueq 1rg6l aupoH:uer8aa,r.ro11 11961 :(p'e.t
ueur8unrl :qsrpa./!4.S'.ü V.tou,06l oN,€E6l \r,:i-
16l vauourred / r]gura>Is)a» :ueqare»,uello6,uersdaTq 11 -ola^B 'upr\snU 1866 I rauLlrpJ -
'116661 qlf,pqa» :uEruenq+[I!
116l aupayq / s[gry :uer^]e-I 1g16I aurcV :uEruo+sIl 14gg :uerre8ing 1'jJIgI ,016I
1I8I 'oN 'I'llI6Iu€uDIreH :qsrpems-qsruwC 16II .oN ,Il.l1zg1leeursnp5:qsruur{
'88'soN ,I
I.t:- .
)166. e,no4.redge1 _
'('dard ur') ua8rlsuadsraprM rap Sumu :uer:e8unpl :gl .oN .tr66 ar.iu
-qPZ tl,N.t l(yaqcrg 'n) gfi|-Etvl (0002) 0I uo>IxalrassEIra 1866I LIIaU rlrl-9?I 1 -
ral3rg-pJoun"rg / sutlrn)aCI :Lrpru :
'1661'V ]a ra?tacl iI66I puE^unrg,!166I raunErg 1796I uupulneg:IOZ_66L,0g6I rallnl.rlqn_rD .Jr,zg .oN,I g66L ra+ __
derrual 1'1691 '6161y3eptte>J:90v'6l6TuneqzrE.Mrps :Ee-zg'trct?rnqrard-rpsorc 'oN /tB8I^]par3 :Srnoquaxn-l t!i.. -
j790' 'oN 1696I q)eqr.t:9761uosddrl\qcl:rv-on 'il1'tcl_ ,I.lJ868I allog/ralqq» ,ItI
-quoy) so8rprel .oN,1 .16661
19€ 'oN l9l 'Il'IIZ6II ur^nEr{) :Vgt-l(,t, ,l )lgL ))orurrs :s}uprru^/arnlEra}I.I r: :
'Jrg66I rarlE^ar{J euaretue-)
'man1g ar47lo Swu.Lal,areadsaleqg aas uorsra^ )rleuerp repdo4 .(gg :qs r .-..
'o11) .Louacnlapuo3'1anue14uen{ .3.a ,sa8y a1pprry aq} ur patuaunroq :$Irerua1
'l g'lOl6I s33ug /:qsrl8ug :69o j .,.-
.rrrLlrs :)rpuPIrrl :rg6 uPurA\ : )-
l
929 (efla^oN) selel rqsrrcau ,82 ICC ,BZ )dJ l?.al
ffi---
&ffir,
brhr
-
526 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

ish: DZalila eta7.1989,No.227;Votyak Kecskem6ti/Paunonen1974,No. 1370,4'*; Literature/Variants: Cf. EM: Schrr.

Siberian: Soboleva 1984, Nos. 9018",1,370A*; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000, No. Italian: Cirese / Serafini 1925; Seöiar
'1.370A*;
Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Pakistani: Schimmet 1980, No. 4; Brazilian: 1862 No. 1Z Bosnian: Krau-ss 19n.]
Alcoforado / Alb 6n 2001., No. 64; Egyptian: El-Shamy 1995 I, No. 11 013s. Bulgarian: Nicoloff 1979, No.6tt Gr
Boratav 1953, Nos. 251, 370; Jerrish
902* The Lazy Woman is Cured. (Including the previous Type 1371**.) A estinian, Iraqi, Saudi Arabian. Ä
lazy woman does not perform her household work (she deceives her Marzolph 1984, No. *14028; Eppt
husband by pretending to have finished it). She always shows her
husband the same spool of thread, until one day she has only one 905A* The Wicked Queen Pref,
dirty (no) dress left. Her husband takes her (naked) enveloped in a asleep, the wicked quee
bundle of straw (animal skin) to a wedding (festivity) [Qa95.1]. The magiciary ordiaan- rrrar
bundle (animal skin) falls apart and the woman stands naked before always beaten br her h
the public [Q495]. Thus she is cured of her laziness and becomes thinks herself in hell. Th
industrious from then on. from then on she obel-s
In some variants the woman wears a very dirty dress or is naked.
When she sees her husband coming back from the market, she Literature/Variants: EM: \Iertau_d
thinks he is bringing a new shirt for her, but instead of a shirt he is Finnish: Rausmaa 1,982ff.II, \o. 1_
carrying a white goose in his arms [W111.3.1]. (Previously Type Aräjs / Medne \977 ; Gerrrrarr: Tepl
Italian: Busk 187 4, 348ff.; Czech: TiI
1371**.) Cf. Types 7370, 1405, 1453.
ian: Ga§parikov ä. 7987a, 16; polislu,
Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Gr-c
Literature/Variants: EM 5 (1987) 144-148 (H.-J. Uther).
gian: cf. Kurdovanidze 2000, \-o. 9
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, Nos. 120, L2L,VI, No. 63; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Lat-
vian: Aräjs/Medne1977, Nos.902*, 1371**; Lithuanian: Basanaviöius/Aleksynas
1993f.1I, No. 160, Kerbelytö 1999ff.II; Wotian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;por-
tuguese: Oliveira 1900f. II, No. 440, Cardigos (forthcoming); Austrian: cf . Zaunert GOOD P[
1926,322ff.; Italian: Cirese/Serafini 1975, Nos. 902*,1371**;Hungarian: MNKVII
A, No. 1371**; Czech:T1lle1929ff.I, 413; Slovakian: Polivka 1,923ff.IV No. 124, I
Ga5parfkovä -1.991.f. l, No. 326; Slovene: §a5elj 1906f. Il, 248f.; Serbian: cf.
9'1.0 iThe Cleaer Precepts rprt
C orre ct). This miscellant
Djordjeviö/Milo5evi6-Djordjeviö 1989 Nos. 167, 168, Eschker 1992, No. 1.07;Mace-
donian: Mazon 1923, 132ff.,216, cf. Eschker 1,922,No.64; Rumanian: cf. Birlea with a person who Ls gir
1966 III, 209ff ., 498f ., Stroescu 1969 ll, No. 5155; Bulgarian: BFP, No. 1371**; Al- person. The precept is ot
banian: Mazon 1936, No. 62; Greek Megas/Pudrrer 1998; Polish: cf. KrzyZanowski
1962f.I, No. 902, Simonides 1979, Nos. 4,5, 168; Russiary Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. Remarks: Type 910 deals u'ith the
902*,1371**; Byelorussian: SUS, No. 1371**;Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti/paunonen motifs in varying combinations. -\
1.974; Slberian: Soboleva 1984, Nos. 902*, 1371**; Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004; variants, such tales about precep'ts
Japanese: cf. Ikeda 1971, No. 902A, Q495.1; Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004. portant forms and structures are dr
Literature/Variants: Chaurin 1 E9-f
903A* VIII, 182 No. 218,IX 32 No.24; Köh
Quick-Temp erc d Maiden finds a man equally quick-tempered. Miscel-
No.32; Tubach 1969, No. 1282; Schrr
laneous §pe.
Marzolph 199211, No.949; E\t t1 I
Latvian: Smits 1962ff. X, 324ff., _\m
Literature/Variants:
Paunonen 1974; Norwegian: Kridel
Lithuanian: Aleksynas 1974, No. 143; Spanish: Chevalier 1983, No. 60; portu-
Irish: O Sü illeabhä in / Christianren l
guese: Cardigos (forthcoming) Italian: Cirese / Serafini 1975;Serbian: Djordjeviö/
Briggs 1970f . AII, 4BBff ., 504f.; Frer
MiloSeviö-Djordjeviö 1988, No. 163; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, No. 903*;Gypsy:
Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff. I\, \r.t
Briggs 1970f . AI, 5541f .; Syrian, Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004.
197 4, 94ff., Cardigos (forthcoming i;
Cammann 1962 No. 156; Swiss: E\I;
903C* Mother-in-Lazn
r

and Daughter-in-Laut. The bad mother-in-law who 1992 Nos.33,48; Corsican: Ortoli 1S
Iets her daughter-in-law go hungry is punished (the voice of a hid- 204; Slovakian: GaSparikov ä 1997i. L
den clergyman threatens her with the devil [K1Z7l]). She reforms.
t
I
i
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-PI! e;o arro^ dLll) paLlsrLl n-: -
'oN ?€6I d8rod3 :uerre8unpl 1lI .oN gII ,€ggl rlogo :uef,rsro):gV,tt.soN ,266I
oq^4. peq aql . 1
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'q9761 n,{a14:uewraD 1e7g61 roo;tr :uersrrd t(Surruocqlro;) so8rpre3 ,.!JV6,116l
errarrag/osoruerl :asan8nlro4 14916 ,016 .soN ,Ll.JJg66l rarlp^ar{J/euarerue3
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1626I uossura^S :lrpuelarl jL 'oN tzl6l puqpptry :uer8aa,tro
-npod 109 .oN ,6961 rarle.rau-
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t616I s]lureqtJJv ,.ilVz€, ,X.llz96l slnus :uer^lu.I
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t,tt INt !6V6.oN ,II Z66I qdlozreTrtr
1166I a]laqrrd igl'lou gtg'hrg,9ä6lutneqzte^^rps IZ8ZI .oN ,696lveqryjz0.oN
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'82 'oN '116g'L '92 'oN 961 'O€I 'oN ,[.IlZ6gI
9ZI ur^ner{J :slupue /arnlerellT
'saddl 8ur,,vrollo, aq+ ur paqrrrsap are sarnlrnr+s pue surroJ luelrod . nO1Z,{Lueq5-13 :Lrr ..
-rur aruos 'pl;ozr.r aq];o sged dueru ur rncto sldacard lnoqe salel r{Jns ,slueue^ :1002^LuPLls-J3:uPrurlqä[r. .
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relnurs qlIA 'slda)ard;o xalduror a^rlerreu aql r{}Ilvl sleap 016 addl :sl.reuray 'soN 'SnS :uerurpr)in ,uprssr,y .
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pue s8urddrq,u. srq ,{q raq surroJar ralqqor aqJ .IIaq w
}lasraq sTurq} saulo)aq pue Ssaurzel JaLI J(r :l
aqs 'dn sa)e1vr uaanb aql uaqM .(pu€qsnq raq dq ualeaq idei*p aJoJaq pa>ieu spuels ueLuo,\r t
-r_
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'1a8ue ue dq) saceld a8ueqcxa o+ apeur sr uaanb palrrlv\ aq] daalse e ur padoia,rua (paletr) raq sa\,:l
oIItIM 'ßtqqoJ a frq 3utddtryy1 frq paurtotay uaanfi palctM aql *V906 auo dluo seLI aLIS .,(ep auo
1r1u:-.
raLI SMoLIS sde_,u1e aLiS .(]l paLr> ,
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qdlozreyq raLI sa^rarap aLIS) >lro^\ ploqasr. ,
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V ('**LltL ad.{1 snoraa;d aqi Si.
1e4 'uerr.,(g :266laqlnoqeq,gl6l,gg6luose[:qsr.rnaf 1679 ,fgz .;oN ,9961n"lnrog
/prerpaqg :qsD{rnJ j866I rauqrnd/se8aprq >1aar3 199'oN ,616lIolorrN :uer;e81ng '§e .oN ,I q66I ;(ureq<_
1206'oN /gZ6I snrollnq)S :ueruerunu !-ilZlZ,ltOt ssner» :uerusog ! . oN, tOtI
ll lggl :uer1tzerg i, .oN ,096I
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1"iarr3 oN '0002 rrprup^oprn) :uerBr,,
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ur itPu-
528 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC284 FFC 284

'1.989
59,6L, cf. Öepenkov/PenuSliski III, Nos. 262, 290; Rumanian: Karlinger/ she calls him a murden
Birlea1969, No. 24; Bulgarian: Parpulova/Dobreva 1982,284ff ., BFR Nos. *910L, (2) His friend arrs;ts
cf.*911**; Greek: Laogrdpkia2l (1963 I 64) 491ff.; Russian: Nikiforov/Propp 1961,, the event (he condemr
No.40; Ukrainian: Hnatjuk l909f.Il, No.278, Mykytiuk 1979, Nos. 8, 31; Turkish: identifying the rictim,-
Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 308; ]ewish: Larrea Palacin 19521.II, No. 121, Jason
(3) His turban sticks
1965, 1975,1988a Bin Gorion1990, No. 35, Haboucha 1992, Nos. 910.P, 910*Q, cf.
No. **910M; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. III Nos. 162,170; Dagestan: Chalilov 1965, No. him to presenthimseltr
73, cf. No. 76; Abl<haz: Sakryt 1975, No. 49,Lev1n1978, No.31; Cheremis lMari for a quarrel with a neig
Beke 1951, 94ff.; Azerbaljan: Achundov 1968,191ff.; Kurdish: DZalila 1989, Nos. (4) His adoptive srr
61, 88; Yakut:Ergis 1967, No. 322; Uzbek: Laude-Cirtautas 1984, Nos. 42-44; tioner is not available-
Tadzhik Grjunberg / Steblin-Kamen skov 197 6, 5 1 f ., Levin 1 986, No. 24; Kalmyk: (5) His hosts are anr
Vatagin 1964, No. 26; Mongolian: Heissig 1963, No. 27; Georgian: Fähnrich 1995, bad meals (mindtui or I
No. 4; Syriary Lebanese, Palestinian, Oman: El-Shamy 2004; Satdi Arabian: (6) He passes the nig
Nowak 1969, No. 274,lahn 1970, No.45, Fadel 1979, No. 60, El-Shamy 2004; Af- man lives). After takin
ghan: Lebedev 1986,166ff.; Pakistani: Schimmet 198Q Nos. 3, 6; tndian: Thompson/
thieves. He escapes lrril
Balys 1958, No. j163.4, Thompson/Roberts 1960, No. 9102, Jason 1989; Sri Lan-
ries).
kan: Parker 1,91,0ff.III, Nos. 209,250, Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting
(7)He finds out that
L978;Thai: Velder 1968, No. 27;Cambodian: Gaudes 1987, Nos.43,50,55; Indo-
nesian: Vries 1925f. I, No. 46; Japanese: Inada/Ozawa1977ff.; French-Canadian: (he keeps his trousers a
Lemieux 1974ff.III, No. 12, IX, No.8, XIU, No.7; Spanish-American: Espinosa (8) He lets his rrde gi
1937, Nos. 25, 26, 69, Rael 1957 II, Nos. 317 , 31.8; Chilean: Pino Saavedr a 1960t1. born child. Disguised h
II, No. 139; Egyptian, Algerian, Sudanese, Tanzanian: El-Shamy 2}}4;Malagasy: seduce her and takes her
Haring 1982, Nos. 1,.6.91,0, 2.1.910. , house and says that the
/ turns the child and forg
910A The Father's Precepts Disregarded (previously Wise Througlt Experi- (9) Nobody u,ants tü
ence). (Including the previous Types 910] and 911".) A dying man It falls sick (is injured I a
gives three precepts to his son (to another person) []154]. Each vari- (10)His mare, rt-hid
ant includes three of the following precepts: work. When his friend ;
(1) Never tell a secret to a woman [121,.221. Finally he realizss d:la1 tr
(2) Do not make friends with (trust) a policeman 1121.461(soldier (1) Just before he is ;
1127.461, ruler [J21.28] ). the victim.
(3) Do not plant a thorny tree (without permission) on your (2) To his astonishrnr
property 1121.52). (3) It turns out thar I
(4) Do not adopt a child A21,.271(godchild, orphary child of thief). (4) He explains that I
(5) Do not visit your friends (parents) too often [121,.9). his father.
(6) Avoid the house of a red-bearded man. Cf. Type 1588**. (5) He is immediate
(7) Do not marry a woman from abroad 1121.4 be careful in your tried to harm him.
choice of a wife). (6) He invites his bri,
(8) Do not let your wife go to a wedding accompanied only by (7) He explains to th
her parents (do not let her go for a long visit to her parents) 1127.47 .i,]. errolS.
(9) Do not bargain for your horse 1121..26], do not make it run (8) He casts off his br
down a h1llll27.24l.
(10) Do not lend your horse 1121,.101. Combinations: This type is usualh-
The son (person) disregards his father's precepts (he thinks they types, esp. 9108, and also 893, lrll
Remarks: Early literary version se
are nonsensical) and suffers misfortune (in order to test the precepts,
Literature/Variants : Chauvin 1 89-
he acts against them).
Bolte 1896, L69-171, No. 81; Tubach
(1) After burying (hiding) an animal (human being) at a special
Pichette 1991,12-26; Röth 1998; B
place he tells his wife about it. When they quarrel and he beats her,

r{
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sn{ }o srrua^nos arp 1o acuecrpu8rs ar{+ waq} o1 sureldxa aH (l) .{q dpo paruedtuocce Burp.rp.;
'aruoq sr{ o} s}uared srq pue aprrq srq salr^ur aH (9)
'lun{ turer{ o} parr} rnod ur In arer aq)
[7.17{l puo. :
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Lr.:-
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'a^qe ilqs sr (purrue) uosrad Surssnu ar{t }Eq} 1no surnl 11 (g)
'leruru€ ue sr +r'+uaurqsruo+se qq o1 (7) rnod uo (uorssrurrad ]noLIr:,
.urB)r^ arü
puIJ o] araqm a8pnf aql sMoqs aq /patsarre sr ar{ aroJaq }snl (I) rarpl0s) [st. rz[) **i?jr,lf_:,
'asr1{ paapw aram sldacard s,.raq1e1 slq +eql sazqear aq dlpurg
'turq saarS.roJ aq a>lelsnu srq roJ sazrSolode puarrl sn{ uaqM .äroM ':,;jil.-,
-ralo ruor1 sarp 'pa,ta.ol.roq peLI puarrJ srq qcnlrvt ,areur srg (61) -rre^ r{rpg .[yE1{] (uosrad rau::
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1p1- -
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-ar puEqsm{ aql 'arl} aql uI pallH sel\{ plrqJ alü ier{} sdes pue asnoq
aql o1 arIJ slas srH ',(er*e uos raq sa>Iel pue rar{ eJnpas :dse8e1e111 17667 dureqg-lg :uE r ,- .
^4.el-rr-raq+ow .ppqr
ol sar'r1 pue rarl slaau aq'>1rn1 e sE Jlaswrq pasrn8srg uJoq 'll0g6I_erpa^Pes ourd :uealru-)
.
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l
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'(sarr
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-uE.I ,2016
o-\ _
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530 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Finnish 1982ff .II, No. 123; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/MedneL977, At duskhe reaches ;
Nos.910A, cf.*912*; Lithuanian: Basanaviöius 1993t.I1, No.65, Kerbelvte 1999ff. sees strange events, br
II, Nos. 970A,911*; Lappish: Bartens 2003, No. 54; \\btian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen about to leave, his host
1974; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norr.vegian: Hodne 1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson
sum of money for hL.,j
1929, Boberg 1966, Nos. 121.52, J151, Kvideland / Eiriksson 198E, No. 16; Scottish:
Briggs 1970f . AtI, 1971f .; Irish: Ö Sr-iilleabhäin / Chrisriansen 1963; English: Briggs
death to the host's rriie
1970f. A11,495f., Wehse 1979, No. 430; French: Tegethoff 7923I1, No. 36, Delarue/ After he has retu_qec
Tenöze 1,964f{.IV 2; Spanish: Carnarena/Chevalier 7995f1.IV, Nos.910A,910J, is married to an old m;
Coldberg 1998, No. J154; Catalan: Oriol/Pujo1 2003; Flemish: Mever 1968; Italian: When an inaocent rnan
Cirese/Serafini7975; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop7978, No.910A,911*; Hungarian: is condemned for the r
MNK IV No. 911*; Slovakian: cf. Ga§parftor,ä 2000, No. 24; Slovene: KrlZnik 1874, 1K21551.
5f.; Rumanian: Birlea 19661I,531ff .,lfi, 467f .;Bulgarian: Parpulova/Dobreva When the poor man
1982,289f1., Daskalova et al. 1985, No. 119, BFP, Nos. 910A,911.; Greek: Loukatos window, he sees a stral
7957,757ff., Megas/Puchner 1998, Nos.910A,910J; Polish: Krzyzanorvskl7962f. man, but forfunatelr- p*-
I, cf. Nos. 970,9108; Russian, Bvelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 910A, 911*;
Thrkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 308 V, Boratav 1967, No. 1; Jer,r,ish: Haboucha 1571]. The skanger rvas i
7992;Gypsy: MNK X 1; Abkhaz: §akrvl 1975, No. 75; Cheremis/Mari: Kecskem6ti/
around the table to ceir
Paunonen 197,1; Arrnenian: Guliakjan 1990; Mongolian: cf. Lörincz 1979, No. bread and finds all ihe r
910A.; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 911*; Lebanese: Non,ak 1969, No. 273;Ilaqi:El-
Shamy 2004, No. 911"; Saudi Arabian: Nor,vak 1969, No. 274, E1-Sham_v 2004, No. Combinations: This type is lr-r1räil-r
911*; Persian Gu1f, Qata1, Yemenite: El-Shamv 2001, No. 911-; Iranian: Marzolph types, esp. 677, 970A, and alro i_i.
1984; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, No.910J, fason 1989, Nos.910A,910J; Literature/Variants: Chaurin 1S9l
Chinese: Ting1978, No.911*; Indonesian: Vries 1925f. II,409 No.230; Spanish- No. |36; Köhler/ Bolte 1896. 1t-l
American: TFSP 30 (1961) 261; West Indies: Flor,r.,ers 1953; Egvptian: El-Shamv 117;/Tubach 1969, Nos. 70,3i9n. I
2004, No. 911*; Tunisian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 970A,911-; lVest Afri-
(U.'Masing); Pichette 1991, l9-j.
can: Klipple 7992,268; Sudanese: El-Sham1. 2004, Nos. 910A,917.; Somalian: E1- 418-421; Röth 1998; EM 11,1 (?O"rl, l
Shamy 2004, No. 911*; Malagasy: Haring 1982, No. 2.4.910 A. 2004, No.440.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, \o. i
182; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Lir-om:
9108 The Obseroance of the Master's Precepts (previously The Seraant's
Good Counsels). (Including the previous Type 9i0H.) A poor man
Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff. tr; l\ä
Paunonen 1974; Swedish: Liuti
who cannot provide for his family takes service lr.,ith a rich farmer Kamp 1877, No. 893; Faeroese: il-
for one year for a certain amount of money.. After he has completed J2l .3; Scottish: McKay 1940, \o. :
his service, the farmer gi,,,es him his choice of the agreed \{ages or. Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 196j: l
a good precept. The man chooses the precept: "Alr,r,avs follolv the Tenöze 1964ff. IV 2; English: Baui
main road" []21.51. 1995ff.IV, Gonzdlez Sanz 1996, C"rli
Disappoirrted by this he hires on for a second and then a third Oriol /Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Olirt
vear after which he is given variolts precepts: "Mind vour orvn busi- Dutch: Kooi 2003, No. 38; Frisian: l
ness" [J21.6] or "Do not sleep tvhere a voung woman is married to Swiss: Büchli / Brunold-Bigler 191.9
19, X, No. 11; Italian: Cirese,,'Serar
an old man" [J21.3] and "Alr,r.,ays postpone your anger until the next
Massignon 1963, No. 62; Sardiniarr
day" 1J21.21. (For other examples see the nllmerous subdivisions in
Tille 19 29 ff . lI 2, 23ff ; Slovakian: G
the Motif-Index []21ff.1.)
.

Slovene: Gabr§öek 1910, 56ff.; Seöia

Feeling discouraged the poor man gets readv to go home. His 1928, Nos. 91,08,91,0E; Bulgariaa: l
master gives him a loaf of bread (with money hidden inside [J1655. Dawkins 1953, No. 75, Megas i pud
2]) which he should not cut until he reaches home [C3201. At a fork SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1}
in the road the poor man follows the farmer's advice and takes the III 2; Jewish: Noy 1965, No. 69, |a*rn
old main road instead of a shorter new one tI21.5]. He later learns Mari: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 797 l: -
that he would have been waylaid by robbers on the new road [N265, 1984; Mongotan: cf.Lörincz 1979, ]
18651.
iary ]ordanian: El-Shamy 2004; Letr;
Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 9108,93t
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532 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.1 FFC 284 F....

1984; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Nos. 9108, 910H, Jason 1989, Nos.910B, 910D The Treasure Belrirt,i r.,:
910H; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov 1976, No. 177; Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts ingMan). When he ;,.
1960, No. 9108,910H; Chinese: Riftin et aL L977, No. 32, Ting1.978; Indonesian: thal if ever he rp. :' .'-
Vries 1925f. II,409 No. 229;Japanese: Ikeda 1971; French-Canadian: Lacourciöre
from a special nail --.
1.97 6; US- American: Baughman 1966; Spanish-American, Mexican: Robe 1973;
Cubaru Dominican, Puerto Rican: Hansenl9l7; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992;Chl7ean:.
After his fathe : --

Hansen 1957;Brazilian: Alcoforado/Albän 2001, No. 65; West Indies: Flowers friends until l-re h....
1953; Egyptian: Nowak 1969, No. 280, El-Shamy 2}}4;Algeriary Moroccan: El- despail, the nail te ..-.
Shamy 2004; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004. had hidden thvr. -
leads a virtuotr: .

910C Think Carefully Before You Begin a Task.In the market (public
place) a young man (king, prince) meets an old (wise) man in a shop Remarks: see Plautu', f'., .

fables of Aesop (Perrr l-^= - ' -

where "wisdom" is told instead of goods. The old man explains to
literary treatment, see the E:: .
the wondering young man that the "wisdom" he sells would be
Literature/Variants: Ki rchh. :
very useful for ruling people. 267; Clouston 7BB7 11,53; Ci -- -:
The young man decides to buy a precept for five coins. The old Bolte 1896, No. 81; Montai,...
man gives him the following maxim: "Whatever you do, do wisely Bolte 1q24 1T, No. 70q; \\eiru.
and think of the consequences" [121.1] and he adds that if the young 233; Pichette 7997,36i.; \la:z- '---
man will follow the precept he will become the most powerful hinter dem Nagel (forthc..::r :-
person in the whole kingdom. Finnish: Rausmaa 19E2ff . II ),'
Upon his father's death the young man becomes king and orders Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithualr,: ' .'
that the maxim be displayed on all the walls of the palace. When No. 33; Norwegian: Hodne --:-
enemies bribe his barber to cut the king's throat while shaving him, Eirr'l<.sson 1q88, No. lb; Iri-1-
1894,61ff .; English: Briggs 1;-
he reads the maxim at the last moment. Afraid of the possible conse-
IV; Portuguese: Oliveira 19t1. 1 - '
quences, he confesses his intention (and desists from his plan). The
Bakker 2001, No. I75; Fri-i.':' :
value of the precept is recognized. ian: Cirese/Serafini 19. i: :L
1960, No. 1; Bulgarian: BFP: r.-:-,
Remarks: Documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. Gesta Romanorum (No. 103). 79621.1; Russian, Byelorr:ss-:.:- : -
Literature/Variants: Clouston 1887 II,317-321; Chauvin 1892ff. II, 192 No. 11, 215 lil,315,350 III; Jeu-is}-.: L,,::-
VIII, 140 No. 139, 144f. No. 1458; Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. II, 559; Cosquin 1903,35-
Jason 1965, 1975, 1988a; C1'.-::-. :-
40; Basset 1924ff.II,422 No. 140,1II,126, No. 80; Kasprzyk 1963, No.60; Tubach
1978, No. 16; Yakut: Ergis 1r: ' - .

1969, No. 5324;EM1, (1977)1215-1217 (H. Stein); Pichette 1991,32-36; Dekker et

Nowak 1969, No. 134, El-S:-,: '
aI.1.997, 4L8421.
Sham1, 2004; Jordanian: E1-S:-.,
Finnish: Rausmaa 1.982ff.II, No. 125; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte l999ff.II; Swedish: Shamy 2004; lranian: l\larz. .:' .' '
Liungman 1961; Danish: cf. Kristensen 1900, No. 346; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929; Roberts 1960;Japanese: Ik.., .

Spanish: Goldberg 1999 Nos. ]21.1; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f. II, No.36{ Cardigos
Neto 1966, No.42.
(forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a; German: Moser-Rath 1984,286,288,Tomkowiak
L993,259; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No.5324; Slovakian: Polivka 1,923ff.lV,No. 126E;
Macedonian: Öepenkov/Penu§liski lg}g I[, No. 261; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek:
910E "Find the Trensur, t,: .

Megas/Puchner 1998; Russian, Ilkrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, WhereTteasure ls - :

No. 313; Jewish: Noy 1963a, No. 87, Bin Gorion 1990, No. 35, Jason 1965,1975, hidden a treasure 1: --.-
Haboucha 1992; Kurdish:DL.al1la et al. 1989, No. 89; Syriary Palestinian, Iraqi, childrendigerc;r '-
Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Jasonl919;Burmese: They do not find är- :
Kaseviö/Osipov 1976, No. 201; Nepalese: Sakya/Griffith 1980,lgofl.,Unbescheid ful. (Then ther urr.r. :-
1987, No. 39; Chinese: Ting1978; Indonesian: Kratz 1973, No. 33; Egyptian, Al-
geriary Moroccary Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004. Remarks: Classical origin: P,: -. . -..
Literature/Variants: Kirchhoi -- -.
42; Ranke 7955b,51f; Pederse:
106 not. 19, 501,502 not. 11; Scl-i=
-
. --
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ur Jlasurn{ Sueq o1 sarr} aq uaq4 'Ual Surqlou seq ar{ Irlun spuarq sra^4.oll :särpul ]saM 1E9 o-\ -
:uPalrLlJ 1766; eso;ega.1 :ue ir.l..
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534 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

im Weinberg (forthcoming). Literafure/Variants: Pichette,:- .

Lithuanian: Kerbelyte l999ff.n;LaMan: Aräjs/Medne 1977;rrish:ö srülleabkäin/ English: Briggs7970i. A IL I-1:'.
Christiansen 1963; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 199SfI.IV, Goldberg 1999 No. 1991, No. 212, Spanish: Cai:',::. .
H588.7; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. H588.7, Oriol/Pujol 2003; Frisian: Kooi Ferreira 1974,53ff ., CarJr. - : -'
1984a; German: Moser-Rath1.964, No. 179, Moser-Rath 1994,2g6, Tomkowiak Megas/Puchner lqgE: RLr-- ' -.
7993, 260; Swiss: Brunold-Bigler/Anhom 2003, 291, No. 7l2;Italtan:Cirese / Serafini
Jewish:Jason 1965; Arnr." ,:
1.975; Hungarian: Dömötö r 1992, No. 401; Maltese: Mifsud-Chir cop 1978; Slo- 7953, 474.
vene: Slovenski gospodar 63 (1929) 11; Bosnian: Krauss/Burr et aL.2002, No. 101;
Bulgarian: BFP; Russian: VerSinin 1962, No. 78; Ukrainian: SUS; Jewish: Jason 910H See Type o10B
1975, 1.988a, cf. Haboucha 1992, No. **91.0L; Kurdish: Dü.alila 1989, No. lO2;IJz-
bek Laude-Cirtautas 1984 No. 47;ltdian Thompson/Robertsl960;Chinese: Ting
1978; lapanese: Inada f Ozawa 1977ff .; Ecuadorian: Carvalho-Ne to 1.966; Egyp-
91.0J SeeTypeo10\
tian: El-Shamy 2004.
910K Walk to the Ironu,ork:
910F The Quarreling Sons and the Bundle of Twigs. A man (king, farmer) Lett er). A dying noblernr
explains to his (quarreling) sons, that a bundle of twigs (sticks, court asks the kine to er
arrows, larrces) calnot be broken, whereas separately the pieces are man gives three prece
easily broken. Thus he demonstrates the value and the strength of enviers or slanderers" ,

unity. His sons apply the lesson [J1021]. "Do not dishonor vou
"Always sympathie r
Remarks: Aesopic fable (Perry 1965,430 No. b3). Third: "Never pass a ch
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892f1. V[I, 93f. No. 65; pauli/Bolte 1924 II, No. to go to mass").
861; Pedersen/Holbek 1961f.II, No. 103; Tubach 1969, Nos. 2980,4623;EM 3 (1981) When his father ha=
1256-1261(H. M. El-Shamy); Pichette 1991,32f .; Marzolph lg92II, No. 1059. king's court. An enrior
Latvian: Aräjs /Medne 1977 ; Lith.uantem: Kerbelyte 19991f. i;Irish: ö srlilleabhäin/ siring the queen. \§her
Christiansen 1963; French: Cifarelli 1993, No. 282;Frisian:Kooi 1984a; German: weep when the queen 1
Rehermann 1977,143,300 No. 42,399 No. 38, 429 No. 14,440 No. 1, Tomkowiak
a love affair and it Li d.
1993,260f.; Hungarian: György 1934, No.35, Dömötör 1992, No.438; Bulgarian:
(slanderer) intend-s to
polish: cf. Krzy2anowski
9lll_Gr99k Megas 197O No.52, Megas/Puchner 1998; works (limekiln, mine
1962f.I, No. 277; Russian, tlkrainian: SUS; Jewish: |ason 1975; Azerbatlan: Seidov
1977,145f.; Uzbek Schewerdin 1959,l32f.;Tadzhik Rozenfel,d/Ryökovoj 1990, some other meaJLs.
No. 48;,Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, |ason He is sent to the r'
1989; Chinese:Ting1979;laptrnese: kedalg7l;Fitipino: Wrigglesworth 1993, No. charged with his murde
13; Spanish-American: TFSP 31 (1962) 26f.; East African: Aiewa 1966,No. 4246, brings along a message
Klipple 1992,381f . certain object such as a
father's advice, the r-.-t:
910G Man Buys a Penruyuorth of Wit. A rich man has a mistress although layed.
he loves his wife. His wife, hoping to change his behavior, asks him His slanderer (adr-e:
to bring her wit instead of a present (gives him a penny to buy the place before him and L<
wit). man then reports his si,
In the market he buys wit in a bundle which also includes some gains fortune, wealth ar
rags. The seller advises him to wear the rags and to present himself
as a beggar first to his mistress and then to his wife. His mistress re- Remarks: The observance ,: .-
jects her apparently penniless lover whereas his wife is ready to help num erous variants type 91i. K .
him pay his debts. He is convinced of his wife,s love, confesses the the types is often impossible .:. .-
truth to heq, and decides to be faithful to her. The wife is happy that less 910K and 930 are fundar- .:-
her husband finally has come to his senses t1163.1].
Literature/Variants: Wessel:i.-, -
Nos. 1282, 2205; Schw arzbaun., - : :
Pichette 1997, 39f .;Marzolph I : --
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t6g6lqreqnl:'lgg'9e6I soSLri:
plslassaM ltr€ 'oN'606I DrslassaM :sluErre^/arnlprall1
leql dddeq sr aJr.\l. aqJ 'raq ot :
'(€99'e ytrg aas) saddl aleredas dyleluaurepunJ are 0€6 pue »016 ssal
-aqlra^aN'sad,fi qloq o1 8uo1aq sluurrp^ Iera^as se €lqrssodurr ueuo sr saddl aq1 alll sassaJuo) 'a,ro1 s,ay,r,r srr: -
uaa^ laq uoq)uqsrp reall v '0€6 rürm paurqruor sI »016 addl sluerren snora runu dlaq o1 dpear sr aJrM srLI seal.i.
uI 'sluerJel auros ur dluo srncco sldaca.rd aaJq] Jo aJue^Josqo aqJ :slreruay -aJ ssaJlsrur srH'aJrM srLl ol 11.-.
JIasLuq luasard o] plrp s8p: ..i -
'0€6 ad{t 'Jf, '[ZI9I)] rouoq pue q]leam'aunlro; suru8 atuos sapnl)ur osle LIJrLli\r aI:,.:
Jo 'roleJ ol palolsar sr aH 'qleap s,rarapuels srg sl.rodar uaql ueru
Sunod luaJouur aqJ. 'url{ }o pea}su pallpl q pue tunl aro;aq aceld aqt ,{nq o1 ,{uuad p Lurq \ä \.:
arE sa^rrre ?eap urrq aas ol +ua4edurr (.(res.raape) rarapueys sr11 LUrLIs{se 'ror^eqaq srq a8r-rur;:
'pade1 q8noglle ssarlsrur e sELI LTELL: - l
-ap sr pue dea,r aql uo sseur o+ sao8 ueru 8uno.,( aql ,a)I^pe s,JaqlEJ
sn1 o1 Surp.roccy'(uorual ro IanlJJa>lpueq € se qcns pafqo ure]rar
ro [816»] raprnu srq Surpueruuor ra+]al e 'o8essaur e Suop s8urrq '9rzt'oN /996l E^\arv:uErul-- ,
aq) sa,rrrre oLIM ueru lsrlJ aq+ ilpl ol plol are raprnu sq rI+r,u pa8reqc 'o\'C66 t qt.ro,rasa;33r,r,11 :,,1r r.-.
are oqm asoqJ 'pal1»l aq o] sr aq arar{.tr aceld eq} o} }uas sr eH uose{'6961 slraqoy uosducu /
'suearu Jaqlo awos '9661 [o.r.o1q,{11/p,1a;uazoy :. --
\oprrS :ue[reqrazy :El6l u,,-
dq urq (uarro 3u»1eq'd.razvrarq,IIaa ,aurut ,upaurq) o1.ror*
U14 o1 "ro -
r1s,uouez.,(zry 'JJ :LISrtod 1965 - _ -.
-uorr aq+ ro areuJry lselq aql olur runl rvtorql o+ spualur (lelapuels) :uerreSlng 1g€tr 'oN '266I rL-rü --
dres.reape sIH 'palllT aq lsnru aq +eql paprJop sr lr pu€ rr€JJE a^ol e .rr .:
Ter^\oTuro:L 'I 'oN otrr, ,l,I
\ _
;o 1oo.rd se palerd;alur sr ror^eqaq srq 'sdaazrr uaanb aql uaqm daa,,ra :ueruraO jpt86l roo) :Lrptsrll --
o] spels 'aJr^pe s,raqleJ srq SuvrrolloJ /aq uaqM 'uaanb aq] Suurs . .966."
/urgqqeallrlls O :LISrrI 11 -
-ap Jo urn{ sasntD€ pue tun{ sJapu€ls ueur snorlua u17'unoJ s,8uq '690I 'oN 'llZ66L qdyoz;ul.; -
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^'-
'(,,sseur o1 oB o1 'oN 'II tZ6I äliog/rlnEd 199
:r,
1ra13au raaag,,) ,,aprsur Suro8 lnoqlpvr qrrnr{r e ssed raaa11,, :prIrIJ :
',,suorloura pue aunlro, s,ralseru rnod qllu azrqledurds sde.tryy,,
:puof,as '(,,dra11npe qlIM asnoq s,ralseru rnod rouoqslp lou oC,, i: i:
ro ,,uaos a.,leq nod
leqr\ lnoqp IIe+ +ou o6,,) ,,s.raJapuEls Jo srar^ua ;o qlSuarls aLIl pue anlp.\ all:
qllrlt a+er)osse Ja^aN,, :lsrrC 'uos srg o1 sldaoard aarq+ saar8 ueur are sarard aq1 dlaleredas strari -.
SurXp aqi pue saar8e 3up1 aql'uos snJ loldr.ua ol 8u»I aq+ s>ISe unof,
's)rrls) sBr,ttl;o alprnq . ,...
s,3ur4 aq] 1e aurq 3uo1 E palras peq oqm ueuralqou Surdp y .(ta4a7 (.rature; '8uq) ueru y .s8rotl 1;
quun aLE pua 4daca.t4 aqa ,llsnort'atdl sqtotrzuoq aql ol ltuM »016
-d,{33 :9q61 otrN-oLllp^rp -) : -
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:
-zn :Z]L'oN'696I EIrTpzC :r,lsi :-
'9916 add; aag H0I5 uosu{ :qsr,r,r.a{ lgng :uerurerl: >
1I0I'oN 'Z0OZ.Ie ]a rrng/ssnEr\
-ols lg16l dorrrq3-pns;rIll :a!r,
sraAoIC :sarpul ]sag j9'oN'996I elpn-uerseSooH :ueuaurv,rr1rru""Jf!.rffi ruUeras/asarrJ :ueqell lZIl .o\, :
ll11tzt, 'oN'996I lSnS:uerssn5 1966I raupnd/se8aytr {e1_\roluroJ, ggz,ng6L r{leu_ra:,
^elerofl/prurpoqf,:qsDunJ
:{aarD :9l6ltuueßS/asarr3 :uerIEtI 1(Suruocqgo;) so8rpres ,.l1€g,Vl6I errarra{ roo»:uprsrrC 19967 1otn4/1olrO
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,11
n1
Erlrlrne'I euareure3 :qsruedg lO€V'oN'6l6lasqa6 ,gggz y .l1l6ls33yg :qsrr8ug / urgr{qeall4ls O :r,lsrrl ( 7761 aup a-,. ;
'('dard ur) Sruuayd uaura rnJ puels;an :yqg 1gg 'dsa ,1661 apatprd :slupup4/arn1erall.I
9t9 (a114-ro11) se1ul )rlsrrea1 t8z)tt ,82 ICC
PulrlPu-Z
b-i.
:hh---
536 Hans-lörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Van Leeuwen 2004, No. 411. Known as proverbial phrases" '"1-i

Estonian: Loorits 1959, No. 102, Viidalepp 1980, No. 117; Lithuanian: Dowojna- sting".
Sylwestrowicz L894,53t1., 1,05ff .,348f., Boehm/Specht 1924, No. 45, Cappeller Literature/Variants: Köhler,' Bolte
1924, No. 42;Danish: Stroebe L91.5L No. 16, Holbek 1990, No.30; Icelandic: Schwarzbaum 19 68, 367t.; Tubach I
Boberg 1966, Nos. K978,K1612;Irish: Ö Duilearga 1981, No.50; Welsh: Thomas 491;EM 4 (1984) 1295-7299 l}{--t.'
1907,229; French: Tegethoff 1923I,106ff.; Spanish: Goldberg 1998, Nos. K978, Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 192; \o. -!
K1,612; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; German: Bünker 1906, No.20, Tomkowiak1993,26L; Childers 1977, No.J215.1, Goldt'en
Czech:Tille1929fI.ll2,385, Dvoiäk 1978, No. 2205;Serbian eajkanovit1927I, No.30; German: Harpagiander ri1,i
Nos. 85, 196; Macedonian: ToSev 1,954,92ff.; Rumanian: Dirna1,844, No.24; Bul- Wossidlo/Neumann1963, No. -139" r
garian: BFR No. *911***; Albanian: Leskien 1915, No. 50,Lambertz1952, l06tl; l986tf.X[, No.'zVogM/9; Srriss: c
Greek: Dawkins 1953, No. 7l,MegaslPuchner 1998; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1 03, Scheiber 1985, 326{f ., Dömötör

1953, Nos. 256lll 5,IV 2,308 III 2c; ]ewish: Gaster 1924, No. 345, Jason-1965, Bulgarian: BFP, No. *998*".
1988a, Bin Gorion 1990, No. 218, Haboucha1992, No. 910*L; Gypsy: cf. Mode
19S3lf.ll, No. 76;Abkhaz: §akryl 1975, No.80;Adygea: Levin1978,, No.29; Kabar- 910M Pruyers for theTyrant- A
din: Levin 1978, No. 35; Kurdish: Wentzel 1978, No. 26; Armenian: Macler 1928f. of a hated tyrant. Asketn
I,133ff.; Kazakh: Sidel'nikov 1952,237ff., Sidel'nikov 1958ff.1,94ff.;Kara-Kalpak: twice seen a horrible tr-l
Volkov 1959, No. 26;Uzbek:, Afzalov et a7. 1963ll,176ff .; Tadzhik Amonov 1961,
worse. Therefore she h.-
473ff.,Rozenfel'd/Ryökovoj1990, No. 16; Georgian: Orbeliani/Awalischwili et
time [i215.2.1].
al. 1933, No. 12, Dolidze 1956,21,4ff .; Iraqi, Persian Gulf: El-Shamy 2004;Saudi
Arabian: lahn1970, No. 45; Pakistani, Indian, Sri Lankan: Thompson/Roberts
Remarks: Classical origin: \ aleriu=
1960; Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov 1976, No.910*; Chinese: Ting1978; Indonesian:
Vries 1925f. I, No. 46, II, No. 136; |apanese : Inada f Ozawa 1977ff .; Moroccan:
2). Literary traditions since the \fi
Literature/Variants: Köhler Bol:e
Laoust 1949, Nos. 83, 84; Togolese: Cardinall 193L,1,40ff .; Ethiopian: Müller 1992,
Fabula 1 (1957) 287; Ziegler,,'Sonä,
No. 80; Somalian: Reinisch 1900 I, No. 34; Central African: Lambrecht 1962 No.
Fleck 197 4; Schwarzbaurn 1979" 4+:,
3710.
EM 5 (1987) 803-805 (H. TrüLmpr-,.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1973a, No. 1E6ii:
910L Do Not Drioe the lnsects Ataay, This tale exists chiefly in three dif- 1.963, 279; Spanish: Goldberg 19i!
ferent forms:
J275.2.1 ; Portuguese : Olir.eira 1 9r1
(1) A fox crossing a river falls into a crevice and carulot get out. 1446*A, Tubach" No. 1678; Frisia:t
He becomes infested with lice (flies). A hedgehog passing by sees No. 196; German: Neumann 19, t'" -
the fox suffering and offers to help. The fox refuses, saying that these 147,KooilSchtster1994, No. 153; S
lice are already full, and if the hedgehog takes them away, new lice 724;Italian: Lo Nigro 1952 No. -91
who are even hungrier will .orn" [Jzrsl]. 1934, No. 49;Czech: Dvoi:ik 19;S" \
(2) A sick (injured) man covered with sores is bothered by flies. can: Robe 1973, No. 1446^A.
He refuses any help, saying that hungry flies bite twice as hard as
full ones. 910N The Magic Bor. A poor i;
(3) A merchant is captured by robbers (farmers want to punish a (clergyman) that hi-s fa-rn
corrupt mayor or a thievish millel, a landlord wants to punish one a box which he sar-s i_. c
of his tenants). They undress him (and cover him with honey) and each day through hL* hor-
tie him to a tree where there are many flies. A man (knight) offers to notices what the prot'ler
drive the insects away, but the merchant refuses, saying that others In another version- a:
even worse and more hungry will come in their place. (The farmers wife that she should lor
set the mayor [miller] free and decide to let him stay in his office, lest sparrow. As she does thr
someone even greedier would take his place.) and becomes prosperotrr

Remarks: Exemplum of classical origin: Aristotle, Rhetoric (II,20). Documented in Remarks: Early version in the 15th ,

the fables of Aesop (Perry 1965,504 No. 427).Documented since the Middle Ages, Literature/Variants: EM 3 (1981 I 6l
e.g. josephus Flavius, ludaike archaiologia (XYlll,6,5), Gesta Romanorum (No. 51). Latvian: Aräjs / Medne 1977 ; Frisiar
No.283; German: Merkens 1892ä"
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538 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC2B4 FFC 28,1

Karasek 1976tr.IIJ.,169, Rehermarm 7977,172, Benzel 1992a,24, Moser-Rath 1994b, Literature/Variants: EM 3 (1981 I 1
303 No.384. Finnish: Rausmaa 1.982ff. II, \o.
Kvideland/Sehmsdorf 1999, \o. r

910C* The Officer anil the Barber's Apprentice. An officer goes to a barber French: Perbosc 1.954, 248f., DeIa:
for a shave. He promises to pay well unless the barber cuts him, in Llano Roza deAmpudia 1925, \o. li
Chevalier 199 Sff . IY ; Portuguese: 0
which case the officer will kill him.
ing); Jewish: lason1975; Tätar: Ke,:
The barber refuses to shave the officer, and so do the two other
Shamy 2004; Indian: Jason 19E9-
barbers in the shop. Only the apprentice will agree to this bargain.
All goes well. As the officer leaves, he asks, "Weren't you afraid?" 9154 The Misunderctood Pret
The apprentice answers, "No. If I had cut yoq I would have cut your
rectly expressed advice
throat right away with the razor." Cf. Type 910C. "Always eat bread rrith
bread will be as sweet a_q
Remarks: The version of ]ohann Peter Hebel, Der Barbierjunge oon Segringen, was
disseminated in popular almanacs. labors" (means: "Start r-,
Literature/Variants: will greet you thus and n
English: Z,aLL1970,165; Dutch: Bldcourt 1980, No. 4.2;Frisian: Kooi 1984a, No. your shoes" (meal-s: "If
1559X*; Flemish: Meyere L925ff . III, 205f ; Australian: Wannan 1981., 226.
. only when near the torr:
precepts literallr,, he bet
911* See Type 9104. real meaning.
Or, the father give>
912 The Wise Man anil the Rain of Fools. During a certain rainy period, gambling, do it unfli r-sr
;Wheneu".
everyone on whom the water falls becomes a fool (is compelled to you feel lil"r
sing and dance). Awise man arrives and sees that all the adults and asleep", and "Whenerer
children have gone crazy.Hejoins them in their foolery. He asks morning and wake her u
why they behave thus, and they reply him that it is because of the Following the precep
rain. The wise man tastes some of the rainwater and he also becomes to forget his losses, he tr
a fool 1J17 4.2, D1.353.1.).
1. never to ddnk again, He
In Arabic variants a ruler hears that everyone who came into so scared by her appeal
contact with the rainwater became crazy, sohe does not drink it. But about his father's "trad r
when he sees that he no longer holds his former power and au- ing and womanizing. rO
thority, he drinks the water.
Literature/Variants: Pichette 1BL "
Literature/Variants: Arlotto/Wesselski 1910, No. 91; Pauli/Bolte 1,924I, Nos. 34, Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tf. tr, \o. nl
54; Bambeck 1984; Mar zolph 1992 ll, N o. 7 24; Marzolph 2002, 7 57 -7 61. Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff. tr; Irii
*9124. cf. Vröeviö 1868f.I, No.221, Kara,ü
Jewish: ]ason 1988a, No.
2002, No. 105; Macedonian: ct. öepe
915 All Depends on Hozu You Take ff. A widower with a clever, indus- BFP; Creek Megas/Puchner 19i5:
trious daughter marries a widow with a stupid, lazy daughter. sian, Ukrainian: SUS; Jewish: Ta.t"i:
Uzbek Laude-Cirtautas 1984, \o-:
When the children are grown and ready to leave home, their mother
(father) gives them three indirectly expressed precepts to guide
dian: Thompson/Roberts 196t1" \!:
nese: Eberhard 1937, No. 200.
them in their new independence (employmenf marriage).
On a visit the mother (parents; realizes that her own daughter 91.6 The Brothers Guarding tl
has followed the precepts literally and therefore caused herself eral brothers are hired br
much trouble. Her stepdaughtel, howevel, recognized the underly-
brother sees a snake in th
ing meaning of the precepts (often with the help of her father) and poison falls on the queeru
therefore everything goes well for her [J555.1]. Cf. Type 915A. and accuses him tn'ing I

other brothers tell stories

 +xau aqJ 'uorsrJap dlseq e Surxeu lsureBe sarro+s 11a+ sraq+orq raqlo
aql '(9Ig add; 'p) [f 'ZfSN] rarl >lre]]e o1 8urd.r1 urn{ sesnrre pue 'V916 ad.{J 'Jl .Ir'99si] r..
sa)e.&tE ags 'uosrod aql Surdrrvr sr ar{ aIIqM'uaanb atp uo q1e; uosrod pue (rarllpJ raq 1o dlaq aql q_
s1r;o dorp E inq'+I sflr» pue raqrueqJpaq aql ur aleus e saas raq]orq -.{1-rapun aq1 pazruSocar :a_\i .,
lsrrJ arIJ 'raqrueqrpaq srq p.ren8 ol 8ur» e dq palrq are sraqlorq Iera
Jlasraq pasnPJ aroJa;raq] LrLr'.-
-^aS'»laus aql pua Dqwaqcpag s,8u1y aqq
&uryrung sntl+otg aql gt6 ralqBnep umo raq lerl+ sazr[:]_
'la8eureu ,luaLu i,,
'002'oN t Le6I pßqtaqfl :asau -:
aprnH o1 sldara.rd p"r.".,u , .
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:uerreSlng 1679'oN nI 686I r»sqsnua4/.l.o1uada3 'r) :upruopa)p^ 1g0I 'oN'2002
'Ie t
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lrrnpcJ :I ^
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-{ulrp €urlqure8 1o rurq parnr teql sldacard ilpeqt, s }aqle; sFI }noqe lnB 'lr )ulrp lou saop ar1 o-
s)ulq+ aq araqJ 'aruor{ sunr ar{ }eq} aruar€adde raq dq pa.recs os oJur aureJ oq.r,r auod"ra^a lLr,.r
sr pue Suru,roru aql ur llrea ueurozvr. e slrsr^ all 'ureBe )urrp o] ra^au
s+uem aq ]eq] Sururour lxau eql ilr os slaal aq 'sassol srq la8roy o1. sarxolaq osle aq pue Jale.\\Lrr:.. _
8tr.»1urrg dauour srq 1e dervr.e sayqure8 ar1 sldaoald aq] 3uraa.o11o4 rLl.l Jo ä§nPJöq sr lr lPql LuILL . .
',,dn raq a)em pup Suru"roru sTSe aH draloo; rraq] Lrl Lli.,.-
atp ur dlrea araql oB 'uetuoan e arrsap nod ,rarrauaql4 ,, pue ' ,daalse pue sllnpe aql IIe ]Pq] saas p -:: :
IIeJ pup Iurup are nod 14un lI op €uryurrp aTII IaaJ nol ;aaauaq14,, o1 pailaduor sr) 1oo; u saLUL)ri--
',,a1ed ate s)aaqr "rnod pue par are sada .rnod 1lun +I op €u11qure8 'por,rad ,{urel urella: p 3trr.r r.r- -
a{q IaaJ nod raaauaq14,, :sldacald cruorr sarrr8 .raq}e1 aq} 'rO
'8uruear.u par
rraql ureal ar{ saop .ra1e1 dlug '.rood saruocaq aq 'd1pla1q sldaca.rd
asaql s^rollo, uos ar{+ uaqM '[€I'gggg] (,,uzvro} arü reau uaqazr dpo '9ZZ 'Ig6I ueuuE,1,1 :ul.r'. -,
'oN 'efB6I roox :uErsrrC 1Z .....
saoqs rnod reo,lr. 'paloolareq splarl aq+ )luM,, :sueaw) ,,saoqs rnod t
rea,ra. sdea,t1y,,
pue [ZI'ggSH] (,,tuaqt nod 1ou pue smü nod 1aar8 IIL&\
sJarpo +erü os 'sraqlo ueql JaIIJea Iroaur rnod 1rels,, :suearu) ,,sroqel
*p,,rr'rr"r3irr-i8,r r
rnol ur nod ssalq poD,, '[II'gggH] (,,dauoq se ]aa^4.s se aq IIrM pearq 5 t oa al u n l.t tr, 1, :
rnod pue dlrua8qlp {rog,, :sueau) ,,dauoq rpraa. pearq }pa sdeaa.1y,,
'3616 ad.i1 _-
:(a8errreur aroyaq) (ralq8nep) uos sn{ ol aJr^pe passa.rdxa d11cal ,no
,r i r r-.- :
no,{ 1nr äAeq plnoM I
-rpur sanrB (reqlotu) raqle; Surdp y 's1dacat1 pools.tapunslry aql VsI6 ,,cprpl;p no,{ 1,ua.ra14,, ,s)sp :
'ure8req srql ol aarBe llr.^^ ä),..
:
-,s rele §'rrr,^.n» :u t6r uauou,pd / r+eua{sraf lXir: #I"Xä,L??f iT(äI: raqlo o-^/\l
aql op os puE tarr-r
-urocql.roy) so8rpru3'0t7oN 1I'J006i erra^llo:asan8npo4 :L1'ilg66Lrarlp^aqJ
E)lr.rcneT u! 'LUlti slnJ rrqrEq äql ssdlrrr-
.
leluamure)'IrI 'oN '166I euareurel €g 'oN '9261 erpndury ep EzoU oupl.I
:qsruedg ig9l6 'oN 'Z Ll'HVg6l azQual/anre;p1.,'lgVZ /796I rsoqrad :r{)uarC JaqJeq e o1 sao8 JaJUJo uy.d)t1;t.
1996I uasuerlslrqf,/ulgqqealll,rs O :qsrrl 179 'oN t6661 ltopsutqas/puelapl^»
'0, 'oN 'III ',JrggI 8r,r1punr3 :LIsruEC llZI 'oN ,ll .llzg6l perusney :r{sruurC
'l\V'L66I a]larlrrd 1(asqaM'U) 06I-ggI (186I) S INtr:sluEIrE /arnleratrT 'qr66l rltPu-rasoru,tz /ez66L Ia^..
6€,9 (alla^oN) saleJ rrtsrIEaU ,BZ ]JJ 782 lcc
DqillPu-
br---
L
540 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

morning the truth comes to light. The stories: blow his hom three tirr
(1) The innocent dog (cf. Type 178,{). arranged signal, and h:
(2) The faithful dog as securify for a debt (cf. Type 1788).
(3) The falcon and the poisoned water (cf. Type 178C). Combinations: This type is usual
(4) The parrot and the fruit of youth. A parrot brings to a king his types, esp. 875 and921.
mastel, some fruit of youth. Unbeknown to the parrot a snake has Remarks: This type includes the,
Literature/Variants: Pypin 1E:4: (
dropped poison on the fruit. The king gives one of the fruits to a dog
4042,320-335; Wesselski 1929a: )
which dies, and then slays the parrot [8331.3]. Later the truth comes 29 4; Dv oi äk I Horälek 1969, 107 -11
to light. Golzio); Krikmann 1996, 51-{tt; H;
Sohn des Schmieds (forthcominq
Combination s: 17 8 A-17 8C. Finnish: Rausmaa 7982ff. tr, \.'.
Remarks: The combined types refer mostly to the second partof 91.6 - the stories -1.926;
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 19I
told by the brothers. Kecskemdti / Paunonen L97 l: Ii.
Literature/Variants: Chauvinl892ff .II, 190 No.1; Schwarzbaum 1968,332 (8331. guese: MartinezL955, No. K551.j: !
1,.1,),474; Schwarzbaum 1979,137 not.58; EM 6(1990)1366;Marzolph 1992 II, No.
Bulgarian: BFP; Greek Megas Pur
929;Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004 No. 10. sian, Byelorussian: SUS, No.9l0. cf.
Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 100 ll (4-7),348 IV 5; Jewish: Jason 1965, Boratav 1953, No. 302; ]enish: Jascr
1975; Armenian: Levin 1982, Nos. 14, 19, Gullakjan 1990;Uzbek: Afzalov et al.1963
197 4; Mongolian: Lörincz 1979; Ira*
I,85f1, Reichl 1978, 40ff., Reichl 1986, No. 6; Mongolian: cf.Lörincz 1979, Nos. 1.960; Algeriarr, Moroccan: El-Sha:
916A*,91.68*;T:ua:Taube1978, No. 51; Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph
1979, 211.; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Indian: Tauscher 1959, No. 42,
Thompson/Roberts 1960, lasont989; Nepalese: Sakya/Griffith 1980, 25f1.; Chi-
9204 The Case of theBoiledEl
nese: Ting 1978;lapanese: Ikeda 1971, No. 178C; Tunisian: El-Shamy 2004. the Son of the Peosafltt. _

her mother with the sor

has threatened to kili ht
Later the king has tt
CLEVER ACTS AND WORDS 920-929
eggs before a joumer'. in
is asked to pay for the'"
920 The Son of the King and the Son of the Smith. Because her young that would have hatcle,
(unborn) son calls his mother a whore [1125.2.1,,T575.7], the queen know how to judge the,
commands that the child (the young Solomon) be killed [5301]. The ed children playing a x;
child asks the servant for mercy; he is not killed [K512] but raised by (cf. 8218). The pri.rr,
a smith. In order that her husband should not discover this
§pe
deceif that chickens could ne
the queen takes the smith's son as her own [K1921,.1]. the girl's decision [1]*:
During their childhood, the two boys play along with others. In and they are reexchal,
their game, Solomon stands out because, playing the part of the king
1J123,P35], he convicts one of the boys as a traitor. Or, the smith's Remarks: The motif, or thr
=':
.
son speaks of farming matters, but Solomon speaks of military af- boiled eggs with the \e\\ r:'-
fairs. ish tradition (cf. Typc Ei1(
His father the king (in person or through a messenger) tests the Literature/Variants: Bp IL :: i
boy's wisdom with impossible tasks or difficult questions 1H921,). HDM 1(1930-33) 12; E\11 --r--
Or, the boy (often acting as a shepherd [K1816.6]) makes wise judg- Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 199"::
Kristensen 1881ff. II, No. lJ :-:.
ments or observations that reveal his royal origin [H41.5]. His intelli-
No. 144; Catalan: Oriol lr: _
gent answers show him to be the son of the king. Cf. esp. Types 875,
Neumann 1963, No. 211; S1o,. --, . -

921,, and922.
KaradL.i( 1937, No. 3'1; Ru::-,,-
In some variants an additional episode may follow, but more Daskalova et al. 1985, No. 11. - .
often this is a separate tale: Solomon's wife elopes with a rival king. Creek: Kretschmer 1917, \o :.
Solomon goes to retrieve her. He is captured but is permitted to No. 245; Turkish: Eberhard B : : ,

--wrt
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542 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

*E,
Jason1975, No. 920 Bin Goriont99}, No. 21; Siberian: Vasilenko 1955, No. 23; The youngest son carr
Kazakh: Sidel'nikov 1958ff.I,354ff.; Iranian: Mass6 1925, No. 2l,Marzolph1984,
king.
No. 8218, cf. No. *3028; Japanese: Ikeda 1971.;Egyptian: EI-Shamy 2004.
Literature/Variants:
9208 The Birils Chosen by the Sons of the King (previously What Kind of Flemish: |oos 1889ff. Itr, No. 59; Sl,
Bird). Akltng asks his three sons what kind of bird they would prefer 1952f.1, No.6, |ason 1965,198Sa_
to be. The first chooses an eagle, because it is ruler of birds. The sec-
ond chooses a falcory because it is beloved of the nobles. The third 9208 The Three Rings. A dlir
says that he would like to be a bird that flies with many others, so as (children) a ring (stone
to receive advice. The king chooses the third son as the next king, son thinks it is his. The
because as a ruler he would always seek advice 11412.1,1. which is the true son a
Muslim, or sectarian I g
Literature/Variants: Chauvin L892ff.II, 154 No. 24;PaulilBolte1924I,No.677;
Taylor 1965b; EM: Vogelwahl der Königssöhne (in prep.).
Icelandic: Gering 1,882f . II, No. 79; English: Briggs 1.970f . B II, 130; Slovene: cf .
Remarks: Documented in the \[i
26551ff .), Gesta Romanorrrn (\o,
Bolhar 1974,61ff.; Serbian: KaradLiö 1932 No. 34; jewish: Noy 1963a No. 29; Syr- antiche (No. 73). Used by Lessinq
ian, Palestiniary Libyan, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004. Literature/Variants: Tobler 18il : tr
255-262;Penna 1953; Tubach 1969" )
920C Shooting at the Father's Corpse as a Test of Paternity. In order to 1982, No. J462.3.1,.1,; Gtaf 1986: Hu,
determine the true heir (his own son) among his three sons, a dying (H. Hudde).
king (rich man) requires that each should shoot at his corpse. The Hungarian: György 1934, No. 9i;
youngest refuses to shoot (at his heart) [L13] and is therefore judged
the only genuine son of his dead father; the two others are deter- 920A* The lnquisitiae King. S
mined to be illegitimate and are disinherited [H486.2]. duced (are more stupid
statement by sendJng a
Combinations: 555. In order to test her d
Remarks: The tale originates of Babylonian Talmud (Baba Batra 58a). in place of the sen-a_nt
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte i898ff. II,562f.; Wesselskrtg}g, No. 6; pauli/ mother is about to cornr
Bolte 1924II, No. 835; BP IV 331f.; Goebel 1932,167-179; Schmidt L963, 63-69,
37V372;5chwar2baun1968,208f.,216,294,474;Tubach1969,No.
deception and curses hi
1272;cf.Fabtla1.6
(1975) 80-88; EM: Schuß auf den toten König (forthcoming).
height of the skv and I

Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999lt.II; Norwegian: Hodne 1984,206; Icelandic: Gering around the earth and to
t882f.Il, No. 87, Boberg 1966, No. H486.2; English: Briggs1970f.BII,657ff.;Span- Thereupon Solomor.r
ish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.IV, Goldberg 1998, No. H486.2;Catalan: Or1o1/ sky and the depth of tht
Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f.I, No. 12O II, No. 314, Cardigos (forthcom- to the sury but the bird"s
ing); Dutch: Overbeke/Dekker et al. t991,, No. 1465; Flemish: Meyer 1968; Gel. take him up to the ski-
man: Moser-R ath 1964, No. 373, Rehermann 1,977, l43f ., 315 No. 7 3, 357 f . N o. 9, true.) He sits inside a h-'
Moser-Rath 1984,287f., Tomkowiak 1993,261;Italian: Cirese/Serafiru1975;Hun- er it down to the bottorr
garian: György 1934, No. 203, Dömötör 1992, No. 404; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. chain.
1272; Croanan: Gaäl / Neweklowsky 1983, No. 39; Bulgarian: Parpulova / Dobreva
In some variants his r
1982,294, cf. BFP, No. 920C*; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; Jewish: Gaster !924,
back he rides to the stan
No. 311, Bin Gorion 1990, Nos. 22,1L0,247,1ason1965, 1975,1988a, No. 92OC*-A,
box. Cf. Types 823,,\-. 9i
|ason 1988a, No. 920C, Haboucha 1992, No. 920C-920*B; Chinese: Ting1978,
92\Cr;Egyptian: EI-Shamy 1980, No. 16, El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan:Laoust1949,
Literature/Variants: Tubach 1969. l
No. 86, El-Shamy 2004.
Spanish: Chevalier 1983, No. E5. (
Kerbelyte l999ff.Il; German: E\I; il
920D The Four Princes, Of the king's four sons, the one who can name the
1927 I, No. 66; Bulgarian: BFp, \o-
greatest number of faults of their fathel, is to become the next king. Karadü,iö 1937, No.43; Polish: Kn
Ukrainian: SUS.
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544 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

g2OB* The Lineage of the King's Three Sons. A captive king interrogates the (3) What is vour mr
three sons of the king who has captured him as to how they will latter cannot do for her
treat him (he gives them riddles). From their answers he learns their is baking forgotten bre,
real descent. One of the sons is from a family of executioners (4) What is t,our brc
(bakers), the other one from butchers, while only the third son is he catches, and rr-hat hi
from the royal family. lice on his bodv [H1E3
(5) What is vour-<i--t
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff.Y[,163 No. 63, VI[, 131 No. 722;Schwarz- ter (she nurses her chillc
basm1968,206,2L0. Cf. Types 875,920.
Italian: Cirese/Serafint1975; Greek: Loukatos 1957,1,67f., Megas /Puchner 1.998;
Albanian: Lambertz L922, 80; jewish: Gaster 1924, No. 372, Noy 1963a, No.29; Combinations: This type is r-rsuall
Georgian: Finger 1939,197; Syriary Lebanese, Palestiniaru Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; types, esp. 875 and 9228, and al-t
Yemenite: Daum 1983, No. 15, El-Shamy 2004;Egyptian, Moroccan: El-Shamy Remarks: Type 92L is closelr- reia
2004; Tunisian: ]ahn 1970, No. 46,El-Shamy 2004.
bined with each other. tn Trpe 9-
versions, which renders the dass
920C* The Choice of aWife.Ayoung man asks Solomon (another king) for the two types more difficult.
advice about what sort of girl he should marry: one with property, Literature/Variants: Chaurin 1 S!
one with money, or a poor one with nothing. Solomon answers, "Go BP II, 359; Anderson 1923,356not"
away;yol:- don't know anything; do whatever you like". ("Be quiet Wesselski 1925,227; Vries 192E.5
I am in charge; get up, so I can sit down; do whatever you like."). Tubach 1969, No.4025; KrikrrLan:r
The answers mean accordingly, that the first girl would chase Dekker et al. 1997,321327; Röth
him away because the property belongs to her; the second would Finnish: Rausmaa 1982t1. tr, \c':"
tell him that the money is hers and he is ignoran! but the third one No. 183; Estonian: Loorits 1959. \,
Kerbelytö l999ft.II; Lappish. Lr
will not meddle with anythin& even if she is bad tempered.
Swedish: Liungman 1961; Dani-.h
Briggs 1970f. A II, 135; Iri.1' : ,-- : .
Literature/Variants:
German: cf. Zincgref-Weidner III (1,653)204f. (EM archive); Serbian: KNadLiö1937,
1966, Briggs 1970f. Ä 11, ri --
Delarue/Tenöze 196-1ii. I'. I :-
No.41, Djortljeviö/Milo§evid-Djordjeviö 1988, No. 143; Macedonian: Popvasileva
927IJ-}'/.,9211'4, Lorenz.... . .-
1983, No.45; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek Mousaios-Bougioukos 1976, No. 3L,Megasl
tu guese: Soromenho / Soromenl',,.
Puchner 1998; |ewish: Haboucha 1992, No. **920D*; Georgian: Kurdovanidze
Dutch: Meder/Bakker 2001, \.rs.
2000, No. 920******.
1968; German: Meyer 1932, Hen-=
61; Austrian: Haiding 1969, \o- i
921 The King and the Earmer's Son. Aboy (farmer's sory Solomon) as- No. 46; Italian: Cirese/Seratini 19
tonishes a king passing by his hut by giving clever answers. The an- MNK IV; Czech: Tille 1929ff.I 11
swers refer to questions like: what do you (does your father, mothel 537,541; Slovene: Vrtec 5 (1S;5 l
brothel sister) do? [H583.1-H583.6]. And/or they deal with a para- No. 66; Rumanian: Schulleru-. i!
doxical demand to come to the king under certain conditions [H1050- Loukatos 1957, 17 6l+., 181ff.. 1 5lr
H10641. 1962f.1, Simonides 1979, No. 1{t: l
The following questions and answers are most frequent: Jason 1965, 1988a; Gypsv: \L\tr
(1) What are you doing? I boil those coming and going (I boil 1974;Yaktft: Ergis 1983, No. 315; \fi
peas, beans, and/or lentils that keep rising and falling in the water 2000; Syrian, Palestinian: El-Sha
Pakistani: Thompson/ RoberL< 19'
lH s83.61).
(2) What is your father doing? He makes a bad thing worse (he |ason 1989; Burmese: cf. Ka-.erii
1977, No. 46,fing 1978; Korean- L
blocks a path in a field which causes another to be trodden [H583. 172; Indonesian: Vries 192ii. 17
2.7]). Or, he is in the vineyard doing good and bad (he prunes vines Canadian: Halpert / Widdol-son
but sometimes cuts good ones and leaves the bad [H583.2]). Or, he 1966; Spanish-Americary Mexicr
makes many out of few (he sows grain [H583.2.2]). tine: Hansen 1.957; Btazilianl. -\
Flowers 1953; Cape Verdian: Pars
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546 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

1980, No. 10, El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: El-Shamv 2004; Niger: Petites Sceurs de 9218 Best Fiend, WorstEne,
J6sus 7971, Nos. 10, 19; South African: Coetzee et al. 1967, No. 1635.9; Malagasy: ing task: A mal shoult
Haring 1982, No. 1..6.927.
[H1065]. He tulfills thi
wife as enemv. The ta]r
92LA The Sharing of Bread Or Money (previouslv Eour Coins). A farmer (1) When ihe ma-.te
(craftsman) responds to the king's question, r,r,hy he is r.r,orking so
the person who lor-s I
hard or how he would use his salary (four coins, bread), bv giving
of his wife. The rrife fe
enigmatic answers: The first I eat (feed myself), the second I put out
band. The servant erpl
at interest (gir.e to mv children so that they can care for me rthen I
master for it r,l'ould ret
am o1d), with the third I pay debts (keep my parents) and the fourth (2) A young man ri,
I thror.r. away (give to mv n ife) [H585.1]. The king asks his ministers
killed. He hides his fat
to interpret the farmer's answers for him. When they ask the farmer,
intrigues of some enr-i
he demands a relvard for each response.
marL on pain of deatlu
In a medieval version, a smith named Focus, rvho r,r,,orked on a
enemy to the king. Folir
feast day despite the emperor's prohibition, is betraved by a statue
as servant, his dog a.
constructed b1, the magician Virgil. He defends himself by stating
enemy. The offended,r
that he needs to earn eight coins dai1y. Tr,r,o of the coins he has to re-
her in this way atter si
pay (to his father), trvo he has to lend (to his son), trvo are lost (to be
trayal turns her into hi:
giver-r to his r,vife) and tr,r.o are to be spent (for himseif).
Type 981.
Combinations: 920, 927F*, and 9228.
(3) Ayoung man res
Remarks: Documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. Gestn Rontnnoruirr (No. 57). from a wolf (other dan
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 7896,161f. No. 50; BPlY,737;Anderson 1923, the service if the vouns:
356 not. 1; Wesselski 1925,No. 39; Schwarzbaum 1968, 227,175; Tubach 1969, No. meeting. The man corn
2105; cf. EM 3 (1981) 639f. (K. Ranke); EM 4 (198.1) 7394-1397 (Ä. »omotor). The devil appean i
Finnish: Rausmaa 7982ff .II, No. 132; Livonian: Loorits 1926, No. 1534; Latvian: kill her husbald rrhen
Aräjs/Medne 7977;Lithuanian: Basanaviöius 1993f. II, No.20, Kerbelytö 7999ff. and wealth. The rvonnar
II; Wotian, Syrjanian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 7974; Ilish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/ for the murder, the der:
Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/TendzeLc)61fi.IV 2; Spanish: Chevalier 1983, now repaid the manbr-
No.64, Camarena/Chevalier 79951f .lY; Catalan: Oriol/Pujo1 2003; Portuguese:
pense. The marl shourr
Oliveira 1900f. I, No. 31, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Timer.eid 1976, No. 116;
(The man must bring h
Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968, Lox 1999b, No. 67; German: Ranke
1955ff .lll, Moser-Rath 7984,287, Tomkoniak 1993,267 Italian: Cirese/Serafini
him without being canlr
7975,De Simone 1994, No. 15; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 797E; Hungarian: György fulness.) Cf. Tvpe 814.
1932, Nos.20, 70, MNK IV, Dömötör 2007,292; Czech: Ti1le 79291f.I,120ff., Dvoiäk
1978, No.2105; Slovakian: Ga§parfkovä7997f. i, No.55, II, No.508, Ga§parikor,ä Combinations: 893, 920, 981, an.l
2000, No. 25; Slovene: Möderndorfer 7924,50; Serbian: Vröeviö 1868f. I, No. 138; Remarks: Documented in the \tiir
Croatian: Ardali6 1971,352f .; Macedonian: Popvasileva 19E3, No. ;10; Bulgarian: Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1 S!
BFP; Albanian: Mazon 1936, No. 65; Greek: Megas 1968a, No. 23, Megas/Puchner 415455,11,399405; BP II, 361-3r,
1998; Polish: cf. Krzy2anowski 1962f. I, No. 929; Sorbian: Nedo 1972, 237ff.; Rus- 423; Wesselski 1925, No.48; \rie:
sian, Byelor-ussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Jei.r,ish: Caster 1924, No. 211, Jason 1965, 1975, Röcke 1987, 1l.i
1.973a, 1.71.-176;
1988a, Habou cha 7992; Gvpsv: MNK X 1; Chuvash: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 1974; Hansen 2002,49-54; EM: Teufel ;
Syrjanian: Wichmann 1916, No. 4; Kurdish: DZalila et a1. 1989, No. 93; Siberian: prep.).
Soboleva 1984; Yakut: Ergis 1967, No. 245; Turkmen: cf. Stebleva 1969, No. 62; Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, \as-
Georgian: Kurdovanidze 2000; 51,rian, Palestinian, Jordanian, lraqi, Persian Gulf: anian: Basanaviöius / Aleksrnas I
El-Shamy 2004; Afghan: Lebedev 1955, 124 No. 14; Inclian: Thornpson/Roberts Mägiste 1959, No. 95; Welsh: Tone
1960; Egyptian: El-Shamy 1980, No. 10, El-Shamv 2004; Algerian: El-Shamy 2004; Kooi1984a; German: Neumann l9
Moroccan: Laoust 1949, No. 75, E1-Shamy 2004; EastAfrican: Steere 7922,295;Suda- ian: György 1932, No. 206, NINK I
nese, Tanzanian: El-Shamy 2004. 1997; Slovakian: Ga§parikor.ä 199
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daluop sry sa)E+ ar{ arrlpe s,rarpey sru Surz*o11og '8urr aq+ o1 druaua
e uo pa>1rol,r oq.r.r ,sncog p+ --- .
sn{ pue (ra1sa[) puau] srq ']uelras srq Surrq'rpeap;o ured uo 'u€ru
't: --
Sunod aql leq] spuewap 8uq aql 'uaur snor^ua aruos yo san8rrlur
taure; aqj TSe .{aql uat1,11 '.-..,
aq] ro asnerag 'aIl,vr sru 1o dlaq aql qlIM raq+e, srq saprs aH 'pallp{
sralsrurur srq qISp 3rrr1 aL11 _
aq ppoqs aldoad plo 11e ]erp rapro aql satelor^ ueur Sunody (7) -
LIlrnoJ arll pue (s1ua.red .iur .i -,.
'ua+eaq uaaq pEq lr ua^a urnlar plnor\ +r roJ ra+sel'u
Ir
I uaLlm aur roJ Jrpf up) iaL1. . .
sfl{ a^ol dlea.r ppouw 3op aql dpo leql sureldxa }ue^ras arIJ'pueq
lno 1nd I puo)as aLlj ,(Jldr iLr- -
-snq raq a^Eal o+ sual€arql pue papuaJlo slaal aJI1!l' aqJ 'arrM srq Jo
Sur,rrB '(pedrq ,suro) r r.r, ,.
pealsur 3op srq salras lue^ras oq] lsoru tufl{ sa^ol oqaa. uosrad aql ^q \r
os 3ur)io sr aq ,{q,tr ,uorlr: -
ol pooJ Surrq o1 (dosay) luelras sll srapro ralseru aq] uaqM (I)
raurreJ y' (su1o7.rno; d1sn..r ._.
:surroJ ]uaraJJrp aarql ur Xgarqc slsrxa alel aq1 duraua se arrm
sry pue pualry se 3op srq Sursooqc dq 1se1 aql sllIJIn, aH '[990IH]
duraua ]srom srq pue puerrJ lsaq snl 8ur;q ppoqs uew V :>1se1 8ur :,{se8eley,q !6 gtgl.o51 !961 .1': ::
,
-,ttollo, aql $ a1el aql Io ,BoLu Ierluar ar{J 'liutauX p.ro1y1'puay7 pag 9116 ap cr na.ls sal rloJ :rrBrN :rgt,:
It9 (alla^oN) saIeJ )rls{eau nSz lcc r8z lcc I;
DqnlPuY.Z
U)P
548 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Djortljeviö 1988, Nos. 1.44,1.49; Croatian: Bo§kovic-Stull11967f., No.22; Bulgarian: Slovene: cf. Bolhar 1974,151rä.;Rt
BFP; Russiary Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Jewish: Jason 1965, 1975, 1988a, No. 1965, No. L920F-*A, cf. Habouch
9218, cf. No. 9218-921*4; Ossetian: Bjazyrov 1958, No. 28; Abk*raz:§akryl1975, 19L8f.1I, No. 121, El-Shamr- 2L-Ill
No. 70; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992; CapeYerdian: Parsons 1923b I, No. 68; Egyptian,
Algerian: El-Shamy 2004. 921F Philosopher Spits in t
dine with the ki.g.Du
921C Why Hair of Head is Gray before the Beffid. A man (clergyman, bar- in the king'sbeard. Thr
ber) answers the question why the hair of his head is grey (whlte) him, but the king in-sl<t
and the hair of his beard is blac§ "The hair of the head is twenty such a thing.
years older than the beard" .1H771]. The philosopher ar
silk or gold, so the kins
Remarks: Literary treatments in European jestbooks since the 16th century.
ting. The king accepG
Literature/Variants: Kirchhof /Oesterley 1869II, No. 151;Arlotto/Wesselski 1910
II, No. 222; Schwarzbaum 1.968,223f .;El|r4l (1977) 12831.;Marzolph 1992 II, No.
Remarks: Classical origin: Diogt
1030.
mented e.g. by Jacques de Yitn-. :
Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff.II, Nos. 134; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977; Lithuanian:
149) and ]ohannes Gobi ]unior.
Kerbelytö 1999ff.II; Danish: Kristensen 1900, No. 342;Dutch: Overbeke/Dekker -<
Literature/Variants: Basset 19r{t
et aI. 1991, No. 1838; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; German: Merkens 1892ff. Itr, No. 93, Moser-
Bolte 1,924I, No. 475; Tubach 1y6
Rath 1984, 286ff .,KooilSchuster 1994, No. 104; Swiss: E]l;47 (7993) 867;Italian:
Cirese / Serafi ni 197 5 ; Czech: Tllle 1929 ff . I, 1.231f.; Rumanian: cf . Stroescu 1 969 I, 11566.1; Marzolph 1992t1, No. 1f
Spanish: Goldberg 1998, Nos-,T1
No.3072, II, No.4699; Bulgarian: BFP; Russian: Tumileviö 1958, No.26, SUS, No.
Sommer-Klee (1670) No. 173 rE-\l
921E**; ]ewish: lason1.975; Afghan: Lebedev 1955, 145f.; Indian: Swynnerton
1908, No. 14; US-American: Rando1ph1965, No.403; Egyptian: cf. El-Shamy 1980,
No.10. 92'1.A* The FrankThief. Äktnt
oned. All say thev a;e
927D The Fatal Bed. Acitizen asks a sailor why he repeatedly goes to sea thief (counterfeiter. etc
even though his father and grandfather drowned there. The sailor others.
asks how the citizen's ancestors died. The townsman answers, '/In
bed", whereupon the sailor asks if the citizen isnlt afraid of going to Literature/Variants: ZfVk 33 f,4 1
Estonian: Jahrbuch der estnisch
bed? lfta7al.
Dekker et aL. L991, No. 1426; FrL.i,
Literature/Variants: Pauli/Bolte1924I, No.264; Elt42(1979) 243 (E. Moser-Rath);
No. 137; German: Hoursch 195. j
Pörnbacher 1986,504f.
1993,262; Italian: Pitrö 1875 I\-. \;
1965, No. 225.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.11, Nos. 135; Danish: Kristensen 1900, No.518, Hotbek
1990, No. 57; Irish: Ö Sliilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; Spanish: Chevalier 1983,
No. 66; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Kooi/Meerburgl99), No. 104; Flemish: Meyer 1968; 9218* Thief, Beggar, Murderer
German: Wossidlo/Neumann 1963, No. 309, Neumann 1968b, No. 128, Moser- an old farmer laborio"r.
Rath 1 984, 285f ., 289, 29 1, Tomkow iak 1993, 262; Swiss: EM 7 (1993) 868; Hungar- who canhelp him, the c
ian: György 1934, No. 146, Dömötör 1992, No. 392; Slovene: Zupanc1956,92f.; trained sons, one is a S
Serbian: Vröevii 1868f. II, 138; Croatian: Stojanovi6 1862 No.53; Ukrainian: SUS; derer (oppressol, Gr-p
Indian: ]ason 1989; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992. The noblemanbegir
detail that his fust son:
921I Nezter Hearil Before. A man is required to say something that neither the third a clergl-mar, ,

the king nor his courtiers has ever heard before [H1182]. The man
reads a letter supposedly from another king demanding repayment Combinations: 922, 9228, arrd 1 5
of money that this king had borrowed. Literature/Variants: Chauvia 1 S9':
Estonian: cf. Raudsep 1969, No. {,
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 18921f. VI, 151 No. 313. 1930, 235f .; English: Briggs 19I0t.
Finnish: Rausmaa t982ff. II, No. 136; Karelian: Kecskem6ti f Paunonen1,974; tuguese: Oliveira 1900f. I, No. -i-
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i ,_
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LIIgI aLIl aJurs s). --
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s€,vl urn{ punor€ asla Surgldra^a }eq} sraMSuE .ragdosopqd aq1
'8urq+ e qons
,{1ua,rt; sr ppall aql .
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(atlqm) da;3 sr peali srq jo rr.. -.
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-req 'uelu.{8rap) ueu y g :
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550 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

1932 Nos. L106,1107, Ranke 1955ff. III, Henßen 1963b, No. 29, Moser-Rath1964, Combinations: 1567C.
No.270;Austrian: Haiding 1969, No.43; Hungarian: MNKfV; Czech: T1LLe1929tr. Literature/Variants: BPIL ::- :
l, l20[f., Klfmovä 1966, No. 21; Rumanian: Stroescu 1969 I, No. 3018; Bulgarian: 767;EM 4 (1984) 1218-1ll: : I .

BFP; Greek Megas/Puchner 1998; Ukrainian: SUS; Armeni an:Tch€raz 1912, No. lich nehmen (in prep.).
19. Finnish: Rausmaa 198lii. 1l l. ,
vian: Ambainis1,979,\o. 1 :......
921,C* Astronomer anil Doctor at Earmer's House. A farmer predicts the Danish: Kristensen 1900, \- =-
weather according to his animals'behavior (cf. §pe 8308) (when Wehse I979, No. -171; >la:' -
the flies take shelter under the horse's tail, rain will come) better 1993, No. 192, Meder 8..:.. . -
1539.4.; Flemish: N{er.er -. :
then the astronomer (philosopher), who is his guest. Moreover the
833a, Ranke 1955ft.IIL \,-- -- '
farmer knows more then the doctor, who is also his guesf about the
1964, No. 212, CammarLn k.::: -.
choice of wholesome food and the spread of disease 1L744.21. Italian: E}l2(1979) 16, : \L-. .-.
Literature/Variants: EM t (1977) 930.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, Nos. 137, 138; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999lf.Il;Kare-
lian: Kecskemdti/Paunonen'J.974; English: Briggs 1,970f. AII,49; Dutch: Kooi
9278" The Potter. A potter a-n
1985f., No.6; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meulemans 1982, No. 1,322;German:
Wossidlo/Neumann 1963, No. 137, Moser-Rath1984,285ff.,KooilSchuster1994,
king orders hi. r',. :-
No. 104; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 2000, No. 26; Serbian: KaradLit L9B7,No.41,, the price. One :'.-'--
Djortljeviö/Milo§evi6-Djordjeviö 1988, No. 143; Macedonian: Popvasileva 1983, payment, to carn- t}
No.45, Cepenkov/PenuSliski 1989lV, No.535; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, No. Or, the king sets ,

921II*,Dima1944, No.23, Stroescu t969II, No.5659; Bulgarian: BFR No. 92j.C*, the world? Thev do not
cf. No. *921C,*;Albanian: Lambertz1922,87, No.7; Greek: Megas 1968a,No.24, He demonstuates the -
Megas/Puchner 1998; Ukrainian: Mykytiukl979, No. 43; ]ewish: jason 1965;Os- pots and tells a noblem
setian: Bjazyrov 1958, No. 30; Kurdish: cf.DLalila et al. 1989, No. 124. it to the palace. The kir

927D* Witty Answers. (Including the previous Type 1702C..) This miscel- Combinations:921F*.
laneous type comprises various tales dealing with a man who makes Remarks: Early version see \icol
another man angry by giving absurd answers [ILZS2]. Literature/Variants: Vesel o1'skij i:
Amaster (noblemary lawyer) asks a farmer (foreman) returning Et\4 s (1987) 692.

from the markef if the market was large. The farmer answers, "I did Finnish: Löwis of Menar 192. \c-
Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 1; D a:
not measure it!" The master says, "No, I wanted to know if it was
1845, No. 288;Czech: Tille 1919ü- tr
crowded?" The farmer says, "I did not count the people!"
No.325; SUS; Ukrainian: SUS;_ler'
Thereupon the master becomes angry and plans to invite the gian: cf. Kurdovanidze 2000.
farmer for dinner and then to set his dogs on him. On the way to
dinner the farmer finds two hares. When the master lets his dogs 921F* Plucking Geese (prerio
loose the farmer releases his hares so that the dogs chase them impresses a ruler bv hJ
lK318l. courtiers were not able I

The master orders his servant to serve the farmer wine in the er geese (otherbirds, an
cellar and then to beat him. When the farmer takes away the plug " geese" are courtiers rr i
from the cask, the servant has to hold the hole closed and the farmer solve riddles that the fa
beats him. Cf. Type 1539A*. Russia are flying here I
Later the farmer hides a piece of bacon under his shirt and bends Making use of the n
over as he climbs the stairs. When people ask him if he has enouglt from them (for explaini
he answers, "Now I have enough for my children and for myself to
lick for six weeks!" When the farmer is brought to court for beating Combination s: 465, 921, 921 Ä, 9i
the servanf he pretends to be an idiot and therefore cannot be tried. Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaur
 'gll lgg6l]uJrreqzrer\r{rs :s}uEuE
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o1;1as,{u lo1 pue ua.rp;rq.r ...
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'r-13noua spq rq Jr turLI )\p d .:
dauor.u r{Jnru sa>Ie} ratuJe} aq} 'a)I^pe s,ralnr arp Jo asn Surrleyq spuaq puP lrn{s sr.l Japun Lr.r
1,,1uarf >1cn1d l[salqou arp] araq Surdg a;e erssny
ruo;; asaa8 aq1,, 'sdes talnr aq1) 'sasod raurle1 aql +eql salpprr a^los aq] pue pasop aloq r_.
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1a
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.
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552 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 28.1

(L. G. Barag). most costly?" [H6

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 142; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 199911. II; Spanish: [H713.1]; "What d
Camarena/ Chevalier 1995ft.IY; Portuguese: Braga1987 1,2451., Cardigos (forth- tune to misfortun
coming); Austrian: Haiding 1977a,87tr.;Hungarian: MNK IV Dörnötör 2001,,292;
Types 875,920A.
Serbian: Eschker 1986, No. 66; Croatian: Stojanovi6 1862 No. 20, Ardaliö 1914, No.
1 9 / II; Macedonian: Mazon 1 923, No. 40; Rumanian : U r e 19 60, L 47 ff ; Bulgarian:
.
Combinations: This hpe L. r
BFP; Albanian: Jarnik L890f1.,346; Russian: SUS, No. 921F*, cI. No. 921F**; Byelo-
types, esp. 875, anci ..rl:r, il
russiarj Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Boratav 1967, No. 34; Iewish: Jasonl965, L975;
and 1826.
Gypsy: MNK X 1; Uighur: Makeev 1952,171ff ., Kabirov/Schachmatov 1959,23ff.; Remarks: This tl'pe is ::- --.. -'
Azerbaijan: Seidov 1977 , Sff .; Kurdish: D DZalila et al. L989, No. 94; Siberian: centur). First furop.., - .

Soboleva 1984;Kazal,h: Sidel'nikov 1952,1,61,f1.; Turkmen: Stebleva 1969,No.67;

Literature/Variants: r :r. -.
Georgian: Finger 1939,196f .; Syriary Palestinian, |ordanian: El-Shamy 2004;haqi:
267,492494; BP III, ll.1-l-: - .'
Nowak 1969, No.469, El-Shamy 2004; Persian Gulf: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: 1925, No.60; Vries 191: l--
Marzolph 1984, No. *921;Egyptian: Nowak 1969, No. 469,Bl-Shamy 2004;Tuni-
l
2Bl -288; Schwarzl.arr" -- - -:
sian: Stumme 1895, No. 13; Moroccan: Fasi/Dermenghem 1928,91.ff., cf. Laoust
3465, 1028,4690, 47tr9; Z-' :
1949, No. 75, EI-Shamy 2004; Sudanese, Tanzanian: EI-Shamy 2004.
1q79,82f .; Schrr arzhaL;:'
|anota); EM 4 (1981) r91; :' -
922 The Shepherd Substituting for the Clergyman Answerc the King's 19q6,55-80; Dekker uL ,
Questions. (The King and the Abbot) 1H561.21. A person of high Finnish: Rausmaa 19Sl:: -- l.
social status (emperor, king, civil servant, teacher) demands that a No. 187; Estonian: L.r.r':- :
clergyman (bishop, abbot, priest, petitioner) answers three difficult Kerbelyte 1999f[. Il: L r
questions within a certain period of time on pain of death [H51.2, Paunonen 1974; Su.edisir: L, -. . '

Hs41.11. 1q90,Nos.25,28; lce.r.-.: -

The clergyman cannot answer the questions and therefore sends Bruford /MacDonald 1..--
a (disguised) representative [K1961] (servant, shepherd, miller, English: Baughmar-r 196o j - - -
Tenöze 1964ff. IV l; :1' '
brother). This man answers al1 the questions correctly for hirn. When
1996; Basque: B1ümml 1:r : I .
the deception comes to light, the questioner forgives the ruse and re-
Woll 1975, No.2l, Car.l ,- - -
wards the person who answered [Q113.4] (often spares the life of the 253,29e, Kooi 2003, \. - - ' -
superior or the brother). Sinninghe 1q73; Cerma:
Many of the questions require measuring (counting) something Tomkowiak 1993,2o1 l..
that cannot be measured (counted). By means of wordplay (How No. I 52, Berger 200 1 : .{ -r r-'
much does the moon weigh? A pound, since it has four quarters II, No. 11, X, No. l3; ltal .,
1H691..1.0, by setting an impossible condition at the end of a non- Hungarian: MNK I\': Cz.
provable statement (How many leaves are on the tree? So and so Ca§parikovä 1991f . 1, \:, .
many, and if you do not believe, count them 1H705.21, or as many as Öepenkov/ Penu§lirki l',-- .

there are stems [H705.1]), or of a non-provable comparison (How II, 554{f .,I II, lo8 f.; B u lga r r,r'
many stars are in heaven? As many as grains of sand are on the
1929, 25ff ., Megas / Puch n.r
79621.I, Simonides 1979. \ _-
beactr, and if you are able to count them, you know how many stars
ish: Eberhard/Boratar. 19ll 1.. -
are in heaven 1H702)), etc., the person answering turns the question- 1992, No. 922*C; Chur.asl-L: r::-.
ing ad absurdum. Buryat, Mongolian: Lori::
The questions include, "How many drops of water are in the nese: El-Shamy 2004; Pale.:.:'
sea?" 1H696.11; "How high is heaven?" lH682l; "How many hairs 474, El-Shamy 2001; Kurr .: . :
are on rny head?" 1H703]; "How many seconds are there in eter- Thompson/Roberts 1960. l,:. '
nlty?" [H701.1.f; "How far is one end of the world from the other?" nese: cf. Riftin et aL. 1,977 , \: - - -
[H681.1]; "Where is the center of the earth?" [H681.3.1]; "How much lkeda 1,97 1,, Inada / Ozarra I - - -
is the king worlh?" 1H711.11; "What is the sweetest song?" l}{ßa); II, Nos. 57-ol; French-L an. -'

"Which is the best fowl?";"Whatis the swiftes! the sweetest and the can: Baughman1.966, Jacksor- i.l .
can: Robe lq73; Argentine: _

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554 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E4 FFC 2E4

dian: Parsons 1923b1, No.32; Egyptian:Norvak 1969, No.,171, El-Shamr,2004; questioner n'ho, a-. in
Moroccan: Nowak 1969, No. 474, El-Shamlr 2004; Sudanese: E1-Sham1,2004; Ethi- gives in when his,ie
opian: Müller 7992, No. 131. coins with the king"s
When the king he,
922A Achiqar [K2101, P111]. A childless minister adopts his nephew that the farmer has tr
(Achiqar), rears and teaches him. He presents his foster-sor-r to the
But the farmer is inn
king, u,ho likes the bov's clever ans\'vers. When the minister ruler 100 times on tht
becomes old, he recommends the king his foster-son as his him advisel, marri*
sllccessor. The young bov is appointed to the office, but slanders his
foster-father. The king orders that the o1d minister to be killed. Combination s: 87 5, 921 A, 91 1.ts
Instead, he is saved, and a slave is killed in his place. Remarks: Documented in the X,
When a hostile king learns about the minister's death, he sets the Literature/Variants: BP I\. 1-1i;
king tasks that cannot be accomplished by anyone. He asks for a 39; Schwarzb a:rrrr 1968, 122. l-1.
person who is able io build a castle in the air and u,ho can answer 255; EM I (1996) 165-167; Deklr,
di l'ficu I t qrrestions. Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999tr. Il:
ish: Chevalier 1983, No.64, Cam.
The king searches desperately for his o1d minister. When he
1.900f. I, No. 31, Cardigos (iorthc,
learns that he is still alive, he just reinstates him in his former posi-
Bakker 2001, No. 252,299;Fnsta
tion. Under a different name the o1d minister travels to the hostile Nos.66, 67;German: Ranke 1y5:
king. He lets a child sitting in a basket be carried into the air by an 1994, No. 62,Berger 2001; Ar-rstn
eagle, where the boy exclaims, "Give me stones and lime so that I 1975; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop tr
can start building the palace!" After solving all the riddles set by the 120ff.; Slovakian: GaSpariliovä I
king, he returns lvith a rich rervard. He asks his foster-son to be No. 55, GaSparfkovä 2000. \o" -
summoned and punishes him u,ith a cruel death. 196611, 568ft., ilI, 470f .; Buls,e:
Puchner 1998; Polish: Simonide:
Combinations 875, 921, and 981. 237ff.; Russian: Nikiforor Pr".:
Literature/Variants: Chauvtn7892lf . VI, 36ff. No. 207; Hausrath 1918; Vries 1928, KabaSnikau 1960, No. 88, SL5"
374-392; Krappe 1941; Pedersen/ Holbek 1961f . 11, No. 22; Schr,t,arzbaum 1968, Haboucha 1.992; Gypsv: \^-K l
779,200, 418,477,474; Rost 1969; EM 1 (1977) 53-s9 (R. Degen); EM7 (1977) 83; Marzolph 1994 No. r14; Moroc*=:
Marzolph/Van Leeurven 2004, No. 409.
Norr,r.,egian: Kvideland 1977,98f.; Spanish: Goldberg 199E, No. P111; Hungarian: 923 Loae Like Salf. Ä }o:r
Kriza1990,25ff.; Slovakian: Ca§parikove199U.II, No. 401; Rumanian: Schullerus much they lor.e hi,rn-
1929, No.921 I*; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzy2ano,uvski 1962f. I, No. precious (sweet) thin
551*; Russiary Ukrainian:SUS; Ier.r,ish: Noy 1963a Nos. 89,90, ]ason 1965, Haboucha
cious clothes), but th,
1992; Ossetian' Britae\,/Kaloer, 1959, 48ff.; Armenian: cf. Hoogasian-Villa 1966,
1H592.11. The father is
No. 90; Kazakh: Sidel'nikov 7952,76111.; Uzbek: Afzalov et al. 1963 l, 427,11,
and casts her out {ord
389ff ., 1251.; Kirghiz: Potanin 1917, No. 9; Mongolian: Michajlov 1962, 64f .; Geor-
gian: Kurdovanidze 2000; Mingril: Bleichsteiner 7979, No. 14; Oman: El-Shamy daughters il propora,
2004; Indian: Hertel 1953, No. 79, Thompson/Balys 1958, No. P111; Tibetian: Kassis The youngest daue
1962,91f.,27ff.; Korean: Choi7979, No.659; Indonesian: Kratz7973, No. 19; Egyp- country, whose king s
tian, Tunisian: El-Shamv 2004; Nigerian: cf. Walker/Walker 196L,32fi. wedding meal and -
father becomes arsatre
9228 The King's Face on the Coin. A kirrg meets a farmer (smith) and re- discloses her identitr-_
answers to his cluestions. When the farmer later
cei.u.es er-rigmatic
explains the sense of his ansn ers the king forbids hir.n to reveal the Combinations: 510B, 875, 913A.
solutions unless he ]ras seen him (his face) 100 times. Then l.re gives Remarks: Documented in the \Ii
Regum Britanniae (ch. 31). For ptrp
a (several) coin to the farmer.
Literature/Variants: Cox 1893, !r.
When the king reports his strange conversation lt,ith the farmer
50f.; Lüthi 1,961., 11.2f .; Schn arzt
to his advisers, none of them knows an ans\,\rer. Thev locate the
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'[tZlt] sarra]]eg rraq] Jo anle^ aq] o1 uorlrodord ur s"ralq8nep .{tuer-19-1g:ueruo lrl o\ rr --
-roaD 1'Jtr9 '7961 ,ro1[eqr111 :,..
rapla aql sprEMar ar{ searar{M '(rDeap raq srap.ro) }no raq slsef, pue
'11 'lZft 'l €,96L 'lE la AoIEZ: I
ramsu€ s,.ralq8nep lsa8unod srq dq papuago sr rarlle; aqJ '[I'Z69H] i996I E1lr1-uerseSoog
Jl :,.: -
+les a)rl urrq sa^ol aqs ]Eql sdes lsaBunod aq1 lnq '(saqlop snorc eqrnoqeH '9961 uose{,66 ,6< .
-ard 'lauoq';e8ns 'sauols snorca;d ,p1o3; s8urql (laams) snorcard 'oN'I JZ96I rls.r,rouez,iz-r; - -
qlIM a^ol rlaql areduroJ sauo rapla oml aql 'u4q aaol laql qcnur snJallnLIJS :Lreruelunu 1l0t ,r I .
,ra.oq
'sralg8nep aarql slr{ s)se (ueur qcr.r) 8,rpl V .qas ary.l aaoT EZ6 :uer;e8ung iJI [(l'oN br]r., :
'7997 drueqg-lg :asauppns 1gl'oN t1ü6llsnoe1:uerrorotrAl 1W.oN ,y661qdpzteyt1 !€,8 (tl6l) 1 p,qg 1(uaHag
.U .:
/896LUtnPqzte^{qrs 1Za =
:uEruErI 17997 drueqg-Ig :asaueqa1 'uerrdg 1I X )NIN :dsdd3 :2661 e:qlnoqe;g- .,\ -
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:uerssnroladg lvlz6 'oN 'sns'l 'oN '196I ddo.r47,rorolr4tg :uerssnS 1'g7g7
'Z16I opaN:uprqros agtl 'oN /766I sapruorurs/sapruouflS :r.{srlod 1966I rauqrnd
/se8ayq 't9 'oN '9761 se3ayl:laarD 14gg :uerreSlrrg !.lolü
,ilI ,.Ilggg ,ll 9967 'r{leap 1a1-.-l
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t
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.
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ratsnqrs/roo»^!!9fr1^ll€VL'€96T uaguoH ,III .Jrgg6l aTupu :ueuraD !19,99.soN
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/rapay{ '8IZ 'oN
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-uedg:g961uasueqsrn{J/urgqqeaflrr,rs e :r{sq ltt-llO11taldlaqra;4 :ueruenq+I.I
'l€Z€, ' 166I 'Ie ]a ra»laC : JaMSUE LIPJ OLIM pue lrP al.t ,
DI-99I (966I) I tr [[ 1992
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'u1I{V, Iqe uql dq d.rnluac ql0l aq+ ur pa+ualunJoC :s{Ieruau 'are1d srtl Lrl j
'
!
ZZ6 :
pue' *lIZ6' *glz6, y IZ6, 9 lg suorlEur qruoJ 'pallH aq ol ralsrurur Lrl. r-
.-
srLI
srapuels lnq /aJrJJo aL{+ .,1
'[Z'tSttI] (ralq8nep sn{ o+ run{ sarrreru ,rasrlpe Lun{
sILI sE uos-Jalso; srq .i-r-l.r
slurodde) Buq at{l dq pep.rervr.a.r sr aI{ .suroJ aq} uo salur} 00I ralnr
JalSIuIuI aLI] uai{M 'SJ.r r,.:-.
ar{l }o arnlrrd aq} uaas peq aq asneDaq }uarouur sr rarureJ aq} }ng
aql ol uos-rJlsoj srLl <1Lr .- .^ .:
'luq (saqsrund) saqceo"rdar pue larras aq] plol sErI raurr€J aq+ ierll
,naqdau srq sldope ralsrLr._-:
slcadsns aq'srasr^p€ srq urorJ uorlnlos ag] s,reaq 3uH aql uar{M
'pa11l]1n] sr ]r uo a;nlcrd s,3u»1 aq] rfirm suroo
Jo raqrunu ureuar e qll,r,t luawded ar{} pueurap srq uar{,lr ur saar8 -FIIA jru02 .{Lueqs-lg :asaLrEp :- :
aq ]ng 'Surgldue uralp IIal o] sasryar'palrnrlsur sE ,oqm rauorlsanb Itrgg7 ,{tueqg-IA'Lfi.oN ,Lr!,-
.
cca (alta^oN) salel rqsrIpaU i8z lJc 7BZ ICC
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'qrilffi
556 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Röhrich 1995,352-354,357-359, Scherf 1995 I, 380-383,11,953-955; EM 8 (1996) him sick. The prince i
1038-1042 (C. Schmitt); Belmont 1998; Röth 1998; Schmidt1999;Marzolph/Van
lL41e.2l.
Leeuwen 2004, No. 473. Through his rrüe"s
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff . II, No. 146; Latvian: Aräjs / Medn e 1977 ; Lithuanian:
Kerbelytö 1999ff .II; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Icelandic: Boberg 1966, No. M21;
a king, or is cured ot l
Irish: O Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: Baughman 1966,Briggs1970f. In other variall< t
AII,487f.; French: Delarue/Tendze1964fl.IV 2; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier identity as prince [D1S
1995ff .lY, Gonzälez Sanz 1996; Catalan: Oriol / Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira his daughter and Ls tc
1900f.1, No. 182, Cardigos (forthcoming)i Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; own fortune. Or her ti
German: Grimm KHM/Uther 199611I, No. 178, Bechstein/Uther 1,997 ll, No. 24; 1L419.21, and u'andec
Ladinian: Decurtins L896lf.Il, No. 83; Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975, Appari1992,
No.25, De Simone 1994 No. 50; Corsican: Ortoli 1883,48 No. 9; Sardinian: Cirese/ Combination s: 9108, 923.
Serafini; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Hungarian: MNK IV Dömötör 2001, 290; Literature/Variants: Marzolph'
Czech;Tille1929ff.II1.,276f.; Slovakian: Ga§parfkovä 1991f.I, No. 165; Ruma- Ukrainian: cf. SUS, No.923A-; Tr.:
nian: Schuller.u.s1.929; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Dawkins 1953, No.77,Megasl Noy 1963a No.5Z Haboucha 19
Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzyzanowsktl962f.I, Nos. 923,946A; Russian, Byelo- 1989, Nos. 85-87; Armenian: Hr.r
russian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, Nos. 74,256; ]ewish: al.1963I, l88ff.; Tadzhik Rozen:
*923,
lason1975, No. Jason 1988a; Gypsy: MNK X 1; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; Palestiniary jordanian, Iraqi. \err
Lebanese: Assaf /Assaf 1978, No. 18; Kuwaiti, Qata1, Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004; No. 38, Fadel 1,979, No. 61. Lel
Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Lrdian: Thompson/ Borcherding 1975, No.21; Indiau-
Balys 1958, No. H592.1, Thompson/Roberts 1960, |ason 1989; Burmese: Kaseviö/ 2001, No. 63; Burmese: cf. Ka-"t
Osipov 1976, No.93; Chinese: Tng1979;lapanese: hlada/Ozawa1977ll.; Spanish- Schleberger 1985, No. 24; \ep'd
American: Baughman1966, Robe 1973; Mexican: Robe 1973; Brazilian: Alcoforado/ 197 8; Egyptian, Algerian: El-Sh;
Albän 2001, No. 68; Chilean: Hansen 1.957;l&est Indies: Flowers 1953; Egyptian: Shamy 2004; Sudanese, Tanzar::
E1-Shamy 2004; South African: Schmi dt 1989 II, No. 1165.
924 Discussion in Sign
923A Like Winil in the Hot Sun. Awife says that she loves her husband and 9248.) U180{1.
like wind in the hot sun. First he is offended but later in the hot sun [H607.7], Roman an
he learns the value of the wind on a hot day. He understands the
meaning of his wife's words (and returns to her) [H592.1,.1,]. stand each other; e-i
alone ampowerful".
Literature/Variants: sheep and holds up t
Swedish: Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984, Kvideland /Sehmsdofi 1999,
the king. The king int
No. 2Z Ukrainian: SUS; ]ewish: Jason1975, No. *923; Georgian: Kurdovanidze
2000; Chinese : Ting 197 8.
powerful as you". (P

Literature/Variants: Kötrler tsc

9238 The Princess Who Was Responsible for Her Own Eortune. When a
I, 299 No. 36;Pauli lBolte 192{ [
king asks his (three) daughters who is responsible for their good 426f .; Haiding 1955 ; Legman 1
fortune (who has the blessing of the kingdom, wealth and honor), Tubach 1969, No. 2275: Z-.'. , -
the elder daughters answer that he is the one, but the youngest says Finnish: Rausmaa 1982if II '.
that she herself (only God [cf. Type 841]) is responsible (she states uanian: Kerbelyte 1999ir l, '.
that a woman is responsible for her husband's fortune). Kvideland 1972, No. 5.-(, H; -,:'
Her father becomes angry at her statement and forces her to 34, Kristensen 1896f. i, \. ,
marry a beggar (cripple) with whom she must live in humble cir- Cering 1882f. II, No.83; S:-.. -
-
127 ff ., Bruford / MacDonal.r : - -
cumstances (she is driven forth).
AlI,455tf.; Welsh: Jones 19r _.-
Some variants begin with a description of a prince who became
Camarena /Chevalier I ao'::
a cripple: A prince observes the struggle of two snakes and helps the
Portuguese: Martha lrrrl,. . - -
weaker one, asking that it not harm him. Nevertheless the snake
$91a) 8811.;Frisian: Kooi 19:--..' .

creeps through his mouth into his body, deforms him, and makes
 sa>ieur pue /uIIt{ surJoJap '\f --
:uooIIeM 1'JJ€6'6061Juerarup'I :r{srualC 19726'oN'er86l roo) :uersrrC :ßgg(Vßt) a{eus aql ssalallua^aN urll.
iZ'nNZ:r{)}nC 1(Sunuol{uo1) so8rpre3 ^MZ'Z16I o}urd/erEreIAI:asan8nlro4 aql sdlaq puP sJlPus oA\.1 .rr' , .
1VtZ6 'oN '0002 Io[ncI/IouO :uEIet€J 1V?26 'oN 'LI'lJg66I rallp^aq3/euarelueJ
JureJaq oq,rt a:ur.rd P Jo Lr!rr..:
:qsruedg 17 6 'lltg6Tazafiatlanrelag :qruarC :'Jt€Z'6661 sauo{:qslaM I'JJ9S7'IIV
' : 1
19 761 sBBu g' 9 9 61 uewtl8ne g qs rt8u g I €' oN' tr 6 61 ppuo gte1,q I p lolntg'' y1 771
(088I) S ''lt€,ll (618I) Z prorall aro'l->IloC aqJ :rlsqlors 1€8 'oN 'II 'JZ88I 3urra3 -IIJ alqlunll uI a^I[ ]SnLu aL:> -
:Jrpuelarl 189'oN ''J|C96I ra>Ipog/uasualsrß{J'gI'oN'l'!969I uasualsrr;tr'yg ol raLI saJJoJ pue luauralE;j -
'oN'II';JI88I uasualsrr» :r{stueq lIZt'oN'7961 aupo11'89'oN tZL6l puqppr^) '(aunpo; s,puEqs:-.-
:uer8arvr;o5l !1961uevt?unrT :rlsrpa.lrs 1V726 'oN 'II'!1666I aldlaq.ray :upruen sale1s aqs) alqrsuodsa;r sl ( iI::
-W1n!yVZ6'oN'll61aupa7q7sfgry:uer^JeT 1l7I 'oN 'II'llzg1leerusne5 :Llsnrurd sdes lsa8unod aql +nq'auo r'..,
'('dard ur; tndslpuarp z iINg.:ot-t (e/,oD ,t'zNZ lgtzz 'oN'696I Weqr.t '(rouoq pue qlleam'uopSu..-
runpqzrpmqrs 18t9'I';996 gg !
!V9V' OZI'' lg ll' 89 6T 1 ueru8a l 61 3urpw11 : 197tr poo8 rraql ro; alqrsuodsa: ..
(0r-Vt6I) Z htCIH :6VZ'tL'llVZ6l ßzved 1Ze'oN 'M6I a\ogl\r'eiJ!9e -o|{66Z'I e uaqM 'aunuoi umo taH ). _
'llVZ6I lasseg 1816I a1}tao1 !V6V-6LV'fi'IlB\BI allog/ralqe» :sluEIrE /arnleralr.I
('AVZ; addl dlsnoraar4) ',,nod se lnyra.la.od azpruelopJn;,1 :uer8roa3 g;", :
se sr poD,, €uruearu se s;a8ury oxu aq+ slard.ralur 8uq aq1 '3up4 aql '666I }ropsluqas/ puplapr-\)l :-
otr daaqs oaa4 anrB 1p,u. aq Surueaur 'sra8url oa,r; dn sploq pue daags
auo ro1 8ur»se sr 3ury aq+ s)uq] p.raqdaqs aqJ ',,lryra,ra.od ure auop
1,, 'Surueaur ra8url auo dn sploq 3u»1 aq; :'3'a 1taqlo qcea puels 'It't'ZOSUI (raq o1 su;r- -
-.rapunsrur daql dlaqey su8rs 8urpldla1u1 'a8en8uel u8rs ur (alndsrp) aLI] spuelsrapun aH'dep 1.r-.
uorlesraluor € a^Eq (lsp.re pue rarplos laarD pue ueruou '[t'tOgU) uns loq aql uI ralel ]nq palr rrr-,
aa.af pue lsarrd 'preqdaqs pue Surn) uatu ollrJ. '[70gI{] ('gVZe p:ue pueqsnLl raLJ sa^ol rqs lPLr. -
ytr76 sedt{l snorrre.rd aql Surpnpul) 'a&an&ua7 rBS ul uoßsnrslg nZ6
'99II \'
'7997 dureqg-lg :ueruezuel 'asauepns 17gg7 dureqg :uer1d.{8g /096I sra^4.olC :sar:" -.
-Ig,'€,t, 'soN'016I uge{';c :uursrunJ:7997 dureqglg:uerra31y'ueqdf,Bg:9161 / opProJorlv :uerlrzerg !9161 a: .
3ur1 :asaurq3 !'yzOt'OgOt rDllIIrD/ed)eg :asaleday jfz 'oN '9961 ra8raqalqcg -qsruedg :']JUbl PMPTO Pflr'.
'Jr :ue)uE-I ItS :h62'soN'9161 rcdts)/rr^ase»'Jr :asaurng 1t9'oN'1002
/ ?r^asE) :asaurrng 16961 utr::
.
umepqg'6961 uose{'096I spaqo5 /uosduroql :uelpr{ 1IZ'oN'9761 Surprarp.rog Tuosdr-uoq1 :uPrpul :Qg6 1 r1.
:ueq8;y 17997 drueqg-lt'Zt,'oN '066I 'I9 'oN '616I laped 'g€ 'oN 1y667 (r"ueq5-ll :alruaura\ ^ . -
'1ßluqel:uprq€rv rpneg 17gg7,r(tueqslg ^apaqa1:a1ruawa^ tberl 'ueruep.ro{'ueruusale4 19661 ue[1e11nD :ueruauuy :i ',
'asaueqa1'uerldg 189'oN'9661 [oao1qd11 / p,Iaryazo5 :11r{zpel :ileet 1 e96l'1e :qsr.rra{ !992'frl 'so51 '6961 .r:,.-
p äaqzn 19 '€ 'soN '9961e1yy-uerseSoog :ueruarurv 7g-gg 'soN '6g6I -o1a.{g 'uerssnS !y9h6'€at . :
'lE ^olezly
+o pllle7C'' fiZIl' 6961 eurur7ruC :r{srprn) !Z66L eq)r.oqeH 29'oN'e9961 do111
/€96I surl \,:
/se8ayq'll 'oN :
:qsura{ 1997'oN'€E6I rrelerog/preqraqfl :qsDIrnJ !*vtz6 'oN'SnS 'J) :uerureDlIl -Pruny 199I'oN'I'1166l F.\.\ -:
'€lü'oN ?002 uamnaal uen/ qdlozretr I :sluelru1/arnlpralrT :062'L002 r9]eLugCI'n1 ;511 -..
'
EZ6' g016 :suorlPurquro] /asarl] :uerurprcS i6'oN 8l ::: .
'7661ueddy'916l rurJeraq r. r-
'"ralq8nep srq yo arepd aql ol paqsrra.,lodr.ur srapu€M plre'LZ'6lV-l ItZ 'oN 'll
1661" raqln/ulal:ri_- I l
urop8ur,l sry +sol 'arupueaur arü ur 'seq raqle, raq rO 'aunfJo, umo 19961 rala11 :r{srualg 1epg61 ri - .:
rar{ roJ alqrsuodsar sr aqs leql }nupe o} parro} sr pue lalq8npp sH Erra^I[(J :asan8nlro4 1E6g1 rt .r-.
sazruSoca,r €ur» rra.au atp slrsr^ rarpe, aqJ '[99gIA] acur.rd se dl4uapr rJl I P^aLlJ / PUJr PtrlPl :Ll\ltt,'.: -
'19761 s33rrg'9961 uetuq8r.rr'g .
raurroJ sn{ o} surn+ar llpcr8eru pueqsnq aq+ s}uerre^ rar{}o uI
llztnl 'oN '9961 Sraqog :rrpuL. il
'[EftN] aseasrp sn{ }o parnr sr lo €urx e .
:uPruPnLltrl :/16l ruprl^l -,:
sauroraq'r{ru sauroJaq re88aq aq} (m{s) lrm s,a}rm srq q8norql
'lz'ewtl uu4/ qdloz.reW ! 666llprlul{r{ i
re38aq e saruoraq pue rar{+EJ srq dq go }seJ sr acurrd aql )rls u4q (966r) 8 r rE 1996-€96 'rr 'esr- :
199 (alla^oN) salel JrlsrrEaU ,82 ICC i8z l{{
DUnlPuPiZ
uf,p
t rrrä
558 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Legros 1962; Gerrnan: Benzel 1962, No. 220, Grubmiller 1,996,979ff.; Italian: 9 4ff ., El-Sharny 2004; Jordaniaru
Cirese / Serafini 1975, Nos. 924, 924A, 9248; Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 94; No. 15; Egyptian: El-Shamv rß-i
Hungarian: György 1932, Nos. 5,L02,Koväcs 1988,248ff.;Czech:Tllle1,929ff.l,
2591., [ 1,249ff.; Croatian: Gaäl/Neweklowsky 1983, No. 20; Macedonian: 925* The Most Beautiful it
Öepenkov/Penu§liski L989lV, No.475; Bulgarian: BFP, No. 9248, cf. No. *924B*; sons out i.nto the rsortrt
Greek: Hallgarten 1929, 43ff ., Megas/Puchner 1.998, Nos. 924, 9248; Polish:
royal palace.where th
Krzy2anowski 1962f.I, No. 9224; Russian: Potjavin 1960, No. 32; Byelorussian:
-1953, what the mostbeautif
cf. SUS, No. 9244*; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav No. 312, Walker/Uysal
1,966,119ff .,183ff.; jewish: Gaster 1924, No. 443, Noy 1963a, No. 38, ]ason 1965, The youngest replies.
Nos.924A" 9248,Jason 1975, No. 924A,Jason 1988a No. 924A;TatN: Kecskemdti/ Thereupon the pri
Paunonen 1974;Kurdish:DL,al11a et al.1989, Nos. 841194; Uzbek: Stein 1991, No.
41; Kalmyk Llrincz 1,979,331,1.; Mongolian: Lörincz 1979, No. 924A; Georgian: Remarks: Documented in the 1-c

Papashvily/Papashvily L946, 61ff.; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 924, 924A; Literature/Variants:
Lebanese: Nowak 1969, No.466; Palestinian: Nowak 1969, No. 466,El-Shamy Estonian: Loorits 1959, No. 7i; k
2004, Nos. 924A,9248; Iraqi, SaudiArabian: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/ Wol{ 1845 No. 7, Meyer 196S; Gra
Balys 1958, No. ]180{ Thompson/Roberts 1960, No. 9248, Jason 1989, No. 9248; 19 9 I ; B r aziltan: Romero / Ca_rudo

Chinese: Ttng1971, Nos.9244,9248; Korean: Zaborowski 1975, No. 70,Choi1979, Albdn2001, No. 69; Moroccan: S
No. 638; Vietnamese: Karow 1,972,No.18; Japanese: lkeda1971,,Inadaf Ozawa
1977tt., No. 924B; Mexican: Wheeler 1943, No. 9; Argentine: Hansen 1957, No. 926 ludgment of Solomon
*"926;Egyptian: Nowak 1969, No. 466, El-Shamy 2004, No. 9244.
Solomon offers to cut
when the child Ls to he
924A SeeType924. ting it) and is thereforr

9248 SeeType924. Remarks: Exemplified in the ü.-

ments, e.g. a 13th centun- Chin
925 Tidings for the King (previously Tidings Brought to the King, "You
Brecht's play The Caucasiin C::;-.
Saiil it, not f'). The king states that anyone who tells him his horse Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1S'_.r.
1898ff .I, 531; Basset 1924tr.IL fi'.
is dead must die. A servant tells the king about flies creeping into the
209,474; Tubach 1969, No. {116
mouth ofhis horse and creeping out where the tail is. When the king Marzolph 1992 II, No. 116i; H:r
exclaims that his horse must be dead then, the servant tells him, 2004, No. 370;Elld: Salomonlrchn
"You said it, not I". 111675.2.71. (Cf. Type 2040.) Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999fr. IX:
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. n: G
Combinations: 754, 1000. 1955, No. 11171.1; Italiaa: Cirse
Literature/Variants: Chauvinl892ff.Vl,143 No. 300; Anderson 1923, 362;Paulil 422; Slovakian: Polivka 1923t. n
Bolte1924II, No. 847; Schwarzbaum 1968,44f .,235,476; Schwarzbaum 1980,275; bian: Vröevi6 1868f.I, No. 121; Ru
E}l9 (1999)1416-1,420 (C. Oriol). ian: BFP; Greek Kretschmer 19trI.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 148; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö 1999ff.II; Swedish: 1952f. II, No. 106, Noy 1968, No. 1r-.
Bergvall/N1,rnan et al. 1991, No. 80; Danish: Holbek 1990, No. 34; Icelandic Boberg 1965, No. 89; Ossetian: Clrlsteru.{
1966;ILish: Ö Süiileabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Massignon 1965, No. 15; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 200Lr :
Spanish: Espinosa 1988, No. 254, Camarena Laucirica 1991, No. 147, Camarena f Thompson / Roberts 1 960; Burrne
Chevalier 1995ff.IY; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Martha/Pinto1912, No.37; Chinese: Ting 1971; Camt
189ff., Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi1984a; Flemish: Lox 1999a, No. 9; l925f.Il, No. 180; ]apanese: Ikeda
German: Henßen 1935, No. 215, Ruppel/Häger 1952,200, Moser-Rarh1984,149, ican: Andrade 1930, No. 280, Har
287, GrimmDS/Uther 1993II, No. 395; Austrian: Zaunert 1926,201t.; Hungarian: 1923bI, No. 118; Egyptian, AJgeria
MNK IV; Czech: Horäk 1971,160f .; Slovene: Eschker 1986, No. 5; Macedonian: No. 61; East African: Velten 1E9S.
Vroclavski 1979f . Il, No. 41; Rumanian: Stroescu L969 Il, No. 4655; Polish: cf.
Krzy2anowski 1962f.1, No. 1669, Simonides 1979,171f .; Ukrainian: SUS; Jewish: 9264
Haboucha 1,992; Gypsy: Krauss 1907,193ff., MNK X 1; Chuvash: Kecskem6ti/
The Cleoer fudge and t
Paunonen 1.974;Uzbek: Afzalov etd,. 1963II,219f .; Palestinian: Campbell 1954,
beautiful woman, a der
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560 Hans-]etg_Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

argue about which is the real husband. Numerous persons are asked ridiculous gesfures. rl\
for advice, but nobody can distinguish between the two men. mands them to put d-l
Finally a judge (clever boy [who plays at being a king or a judge], thief has head under
shepherd, hare, jackal, parrot) states that whichever can creep into
a pot (tube) is the real husband. The husband is not able to ente[, but Remarks: The tale of the lost pur
the demon creeps inside immediately. The pot is covered, and the of Petrus Alfonsus, and is nors
demon is recognized and trapped. The real husband gets his wife {rom Middle Eastern wisdorn -
eauzt, version (5) is found in ur
back []1141.1 .7). Cf. Types 155, 331.
mented in the Mongolian Är;-.:;
Literature/Variants: Kirchhof (
Combinations: 330, 331, and 920.
Bassett924ff. I,415 No. 124, tr. n
Literature/Variants: BP II, 419f.
1963, No. 116C; Schwarzbaurn 1t
Bulgarian: Daskalova et al. 1985, No. 126;Aramaic:Arnold 1994, No.8; Tuva: Taube
EM 2 (1978) 646; F abula 21 (.79§
1978, No. 12; Lebanese, Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960,
27 9 ; MacD onald 1982, No. J1141
Mode/Ray 1967,280ff., ]ason 1989; Nepalese: Heunemann 1980, No. 1,3,Sakyal
Schwarzbaum 1989a, 3.{-36: \{,a
Griffith 1,980,95ff.; Chinese: Ting1971; Cambodian: Gaudes 1982 No.45; Indo-
monische Urteile (forthcomins .
nesian: Vries 1925f. II, No. 97; Japanese: lnadalOzawalgTTff.; Egyptian, Moroc-
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. II, \.r
can, Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004.
Carpenter 19 80, 210f ; Lithuaniar
.

926; Swedish: EU, No.326tl-1: Da

926C Cases Solaed in a Manner Worthy of Solomon. This miscellaneous II, l82f ., 202f ., 292 ; Spanish: Child
type comprises various tales dealing with the idea of unusual, often Camarena/Chevalier 1995t. n.
clever, methods to determine the truth ll1747ff.l. Cf. Types 1534, No. J1172.1; Catalan: Neugaard
1833], and 1833K. Examples: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et a_i" l
(1) A poor man finds a purse with money in it and returns it to its 926C, 926C* A; Dutch: Or-ert'ei<e
owner hoping for a reward. The owner pretends that some money sian: Kooi 19844 Nos. 926(,9icE
is missing, and that the finder took it already for his reward. The No. 300, Neumann 1976, 291, Io:
judge decides that since the amount of money is differen! the purse Swiss: Büchli/Brunold-Bigler ;
did not belong to the man who claimed it, and that the poor man Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 19iS" \
19, Dömötör 2001,292; Serbia::.'
may keep it until its rightful owner is found [17172.1,].
Öajkanovi6 1929, No. 108, Kara;
(2) A judge gives sticks to all the suspects in a court case and tells
Rumanian: Schullerus 1928. \"-'s
them that the guitty one's stick will grow during the night. The 5735; Bulgarian: BFP, Nos. no=. :
guilty man cuts a bit off his stick and thus is discovered. 1979, No. 62,MegaslPuchner 1:
(3) Someone announces to all the people in the village that the Ukrainian: SUS; ]ewish: Richma
thief has a gnat on his cap (that his cap is burning). Orr" man reaches 19 65, 197 5, 1988a, Nos. 926C-* -\.
for his cap and thus shows himself to be the thief []1141.11. Azerbaijan: Achundov 1968. ny.
( ) AII the suspects are required to touch some object in the dark, Jülg 1868,64ff., Mostaert 19t-. \"
and are told that the hand of the guilty one will be blackened. In fac! Palestinian: El-Shamy 200-1, \.-.
the object blackens any hand that touches it. The guilty man does Shamy 1995 I, No. J1141.1; Per.si:
not touch the object and is thus the only one whose hand is not No.964; Iranian: Marzolph 19§: l
1.955, 138ff., 145, Lebedev 1986. 1,
blackened lJ 11,41,.1,.41.
Balys 1958, No. J1141.1ff., Tht-i:
(5) In order to determine which of two women is the owner of a
]ason 1989; Sri Lankan: Thomr
spindle of thread, the judge asks them what the spindle is made of. 9268:, g26E*,926E;. 926L"; K"i:
Only the owner knows the right answer 111179.6). 1987, Nos. 81, 95, 96, 98, 101-1rri.
(6) Disputants are ordered to fabricate a copy of the disputed ob- 112, Karow 1972,No.68; Chine
ject (precious stone) 1111,54.2]. The owner and the cheater can do so, Hambruch 1922, No. 37; Indr
but the false claimants cannot. Wrigglesworth 1981, Nos. 8, 1i.
(7) A man (innkeeper) whose silver has been stolen summons his Baughman 1966, No. 11141.76;-\h
guests (employees) to the table and orders them to make various El-Shamy 2004, No. 964; -\Tgenat

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562 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 926C, 961; Sudanese: E1-Shamr, 2004, No. 964; By his clever actio
South African: Coetzee et al. 7967,Schmidt 1977, 67. by his musig and br-g
the end he marries th
926D The ludge Appropriates the Object of Dispute. (Including the previ- When his father-i
ous Tvpe 518..) This miscellaneous tvpe comprises t,arious tales longer allowed to sFu
dealing with a dispute betrveen two parties that is decided in favor youth frees him fror
to a third person r.vho is to judge their case. The judge either takes which signifl his fa$u
the contested object as evidence or destrovs itl|177l, K451, K45 l.1, attains wealth and ho
K4521. Cf.Tvpe926C.
For example, tr,vo cats fight over a rice cake, and the monkey Literature/Variants:
w,ho is to decide the case eats it. A 1au..ver r,r4ro is to decide the case Greek: Kretschmer 1917, \o.3-
of two men charges them such high fees that he is able to buv the Puchner 1998; Bulgarian: Par:6ru1
disputed object (calf) with his earnings. The song of a bird was not ian: SUS, No. 6548*; Bveloru-<si
meant for the plaintif but for the judge. Cf. T1.pes 51***, 400, and 518. 2004.

Literature/Variants: Schr,r,,arzbaum 1968,365, 473; Sch:,varzbar,rm 1979, lii. 926C" The Betrotheil Childn
Irish: Ö Stiilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963, Nos. 578*,926D; Spanish: Camarena/ betrothed from childlr
Chevalier 1995tf.IV, Rey-Henningsen 1996, No. 19; Catalan: Orioi/Pujol 2003; boy is given allegori+:
Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f. I, No. 204, II, No. 323, Cardigos (forthcoming); Hun- carry her, etc.) and -
garian: MNK II, No. 518*, Dömötör 2007,289; Slovakian: Gasparikor'ä )987a,9I; bridegroom bv thse
Croatian: Stojanoviö 1867, No. 21; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish:
Krzy2anowski 7962f.II, No. i5911, Simonides/Simonides 1994, No. 226; Jer,vish: Literature/Variants:
Jason 1965, 1988a; Abkhaz: cf. Sakryl 1975, No. 41; Mongolian: Jülg 1868, 63ff.; Finni:h: Rausmaa I 9:l--
Saudi Arabian: Müller 79021f .I, Nos. II A, IV A; Indian: Thompson/Balvs 1958, Ru'sian, Ukrainian: -L -
No. K452, Jason 1989; Chir-rese: Ting1978; Japanese: lnada/Ozarva 1977ff., No.
518*; Filipino: Wrigglesvvorth 1981, No. 5, Wrigglesworth 1993, No. 18; Central
African: Lambrecht 1967, No. 1315.
927 Out-Riddlingtheludi
free when the iudge c
the condemned prers
926E Eginhard and Emma. After spending the night with the emperor's
R154.2.11. The riddle r
daughter in her clrambel, her lo-,,er cannot leave r,r,ithout being dis-
happened to the perx
covered because snow has fallen. She carries him on her back to his
outsiders. There are I
apartment because her ow,n footprints are less suspect [K1549.3].
(1) Samson riddtre ,
The emperor observes this and brings the case before his advis-
forth meat and fronn t
ers. To end the ensuinp; arguments, he permits the lovers to rnarry.
honey in a lion's carc
Remarks: Early literary treatment in Latin in the late 12th century (Chrotticott head?" - Bird's ne:t
Ln tt r isl ratnctts,'). lH7931; "Drilk this rr-i
Literature/Variants: Wickram/Bo1te 1903, No. 75; EM 3 (1981) 1020-1023 (E. Frenzel). abunch of grapes to n
Cerman: Rehermann 1977,316f., Grimm DS/Utl-rer 199311, No.457; Hun5;arian: (2) Riddle of the n
Cyörgy 1934, No. 53. now I am mother; I ha
-Womanhas nurctl 1

926L* "Purchase Not Him Who SurpnssesYou." (lncluding the previorrs wife nurses aaother m
Type 65,18..) A father (widow) sends his son (three sons) awav to R811. Cf. Type 985-.
learn a craft (earn money). But the boy learns to play an instrument (3) Ilo-riddle (propr
and cards instead. When he is to be sold as slave to a merchant Love I hold, fast in h;
(when he seeks employrnent with a rich man) he savs, "Do not buy that, or hanged I'll t'e
someone who is superior to you", or "Whoever takes me w.ill regret (I1o); from its skin sh
it; tvhoever does not take me r,r.,ill regret it tr,r,ice as much". made; ("Withwhatthi
 slea leqm qllr*'.Ätrct I'saas leqm lTurrp I /s+qn1 leqm qlIM,,) lepetu Se aJr/\\l lr ::..
uaaq a^er{ Sur;aaoo-rreqJ e pue seao18 'saor{s ur)s s}r tuoly 1(o11) aru sa)el
",LIJntu
1a"r8a.r 1p,lr ra,\aolr ..,
a^o-I paueu 8op .raq paIID{ seq ueuroM V - ,,aq[] pa8ueq ro ?eq] ,{nq 1ou oq,, 's,{es rLl ( u r. .Lr .
atu alppel 'aru lou saas a^o'I 'a^o1 aas I 1pu€q ur +sEJ /ploq I a^o-I lueLllraur u o] a^PIS se pl.,i
1puels 1a^o'I 'lrs I a^o1,, (uetuoal e dq papunodord) elppFr-o11 (g) ]uarunJJsur ue deld ol slt.rur'
'*996 addl'JJ'h8tl o1 ,{e.ue (suos JarLll ) ur,- - .
'LOg111.l 1paa. uosrld ar{} uI {Jero e q8norq} (uelu raq}oue sasrnu a}rm snor,rard aq] 8urpn1cu1) ,, .r:1,
'uos rar{ sasJnu ueurom) raqley pauosrrdr.ur Jaq pasrnu seq ueuroM -
,,rag1oru dru 10 pueqsnq aq+ sem or{zvt uos e a^Bq I lraq}oru rue I Mou
'ralq8nep seaa. 1 dparu.rog,, 'ralq8nep Sursrnu aql Jo alppry (Z) :ueue8unll 1l9t 'oN ,II !6f . -.
('[909H] ruaq+ ruory aurm so)eur doq e pue ']sau ol sade;8 yo qrunq e '(tazuarC'A)
€Z0I-020I (186r . ;
)ool lrols V - //lsau s+r o+ )oo+ prrq e qrlqm aurm srql {ur tcl,, :[€6LHl
peaq s,asrorl e ur punoJ Sunod ua^as r{llr* }sau s,prrg - ,,epear{ uottuol43) .{rnluar ylZ L at: . ,
auo ur san8uol ua^as ser{ lEqM,,) '[fOgH] sseJrer s,uoq e ur dauoq
',{"r.rur-u o; (läAol aLll sjlru.r ).:
s+ralloJ saaqlo urrems - ,,ssalqaams 3uorls aq+ ruory pue learu q+ro1
-sr^pP stq aroJaq ase.) arlr -.
aureJ ra+ea arü worC,, 'peap aql ur 3ur^q aql Jo alppr; uosrueg (1)
'[g'OfEt»] lcadsns ssal .-r: :-
:salpprr urEru rnoJ arE araqf 'sraprslno
srLI o] )leq JaLI uo rurl-l sau.. .l
roJ alqe^losun sr snq+ pue 'alppu aq1 Suqps uos.rad arp o1 pauaddeq
-srp Suraq jnollll^{ a^pal l. -. -.
+€tI+ slua^a Fluaprrre ro d.reurproerlxa o+
srarar alpprr aLlJ '[I'Z.fgIX
s,ro;adura aql LIIIM lr-{Btr ;_-_
'ZlgH) (pauurapuoc aql Jo a^rlelar e dq) uos.rad pauuapuo) ar{l
dq *H o1 pepunodord alppr.r aqt a^los tor.ruer a8pn[ aql uaqm aar]
las $ qleap ot pauuapuoc (ueruoaa) uuur V .a8pn[ aql &u!rupN-flO LZ6 lerlua] 1gI 'oN,t66I r-{Uo-r,..: .
' oN''ll 116l ertezg / epeul :..-.
' :uer1o8uoy41 1SOS
6 16I rurry-l :uprurer>In,u€rssn5 '9961 s.{legTuosduroql :Lrpr :r..
1761 uauouned/r]glua>Isra» :uerlare) :OgL,6Vl.soN ,II .JJZS6I Eerusne5 :qsnrurC :'
ileg' ggil 31n{ :uerlo8tLOJ \
:slueue^/arnlpralrT :qsr,lta{ 19ZZ'oN ,tr661 sapnr. --
'suorssardxa pcrro8ale asaq+
:LlsrloJ 1966; ;auq:n.1 rr-: .
dq ruoor8aprrq !
I 6'e Lg6L e,ro4redse3 :u e r>.,.
raq sazruSocar aprrq aqJ 'raqleJ slq dq IJo +uas pue (.r1a taq dr.rec -un11 1(Sunuorqtrol) so8rpr;:-
geqr aql o+ur uallp, seq >lrnp aq+,r) srapro pcr.ro8ale ua,rr8 sr doq 19697 1ofn4/ lorro :uEiplpJ r.--
ar{I'sorur +uara#rp ur a,rr1 daql }nq,[ffiIJ] poor{pllqr tuory paq+or}aq /Euarplue3 :qsruedg 1C9a6 ,. .
'
uaaq a^eq slueqcraru o^1.l Jo uarplrqc ar{.J-.ua,ryp%) paq+o4ag aqt *)9z6 II!' 6161" urneqzre,\Llp{ -_
'8Ig pue '00L'***Ig sad,i1 1- .
drueqglg :ueqdd8g 100I 'oN ttrl;lu*a",z:uerssnroyadg 1*grg9 .oN ,rr-rr7,?.O; lou sp,t'r prrq e Jo Suos ;q1 -
-ureDIn'uerssn5 !dlS^#69Ztzg6le^atqo1/ezropdre4 :uerre8pg 1966I raur.{Jnd aql dnq ol alqe sr aL{ }pr-l} :r:,
.
,Z€ .oN ,7161 raruqcslar) :>loarD
/se8a11 '7€ 'oN '9761 so4nor?nog-soresnotr J ascJ dql äptrap ol §r oLl \\ .,
:sluuup^/arnlpralI.I aL[] pue ,a1el atr: . -
^aIuolu
'rouoL{ pu€ qllea,^/\ surEile
'L' I5r)' I9t»' LtLt[) t\' i,';.-
ueru Bunod ar{l'pua aq} +17'(quo1v\ s,Mel-ur-raq}ey srq §ru8rs rIrIqM
sa)el raqlla a8pnf aq1 'aspr .-
'syyaqslnu fidura aarq+ qllrvr) saa.olp8 aq+ uorJ turq saarJ qlnod ro \PJ ur päprrap sr 1eq1 .ar1r .,
aq+'qleap ol pauurapuor sr pue (suouuec looqs ol pamolle ra8uol ._-
salel snorJe^ sasudruoc a.l
ou are sdrqs) aarcap s,3u»1 p salelor^ Mel-ur-rar{}e, sn{ uaqM -r,rard aq] Surpnpul) .aqndsrq -
'(ureldec 'rapap) uew qrrr aql 1o ralq8nep ar{l sarrreur eq pua aql
lV'suo4enlrs luaraJJrp ur spaarrns aq Surtqure8 Xq prrn brsnur srg dq '!9 _
'raqlo qcea ]sure8e suoslad go Surdeld dq,suorloe .ranalc srq dg 1196 oN '7697 .tueqg-[E :asal:.],-
€9S (oua^oN) salEJ rrlsrlecll ,82 lC{ iSz lci
k*
564 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

I walk" - A woman has killed her lover, from his skull a cup has Remarks: Literary tuaditiors fcmr
been made, from one of his eyes a ring and she carries two of his Literature/Variants: Köhler Bc
teeth in her boots [H805]). Tubach 1969, Nos. 2056, 41§i: i
( ) Riddle of the unborn, "I am unborn; I ride the unborn (I eat Uther 1989, -1-1i; E\
1,987a,1,53f .;
the unborn)" - A boy was born by Caesarean section; he has a horse Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 19il; Icr
1984a No. 927A, cf. No.92iD: Tr
that was also born unnaturally (he eats the meat of an animal that
1978, No. 1620A; Egl.ptian- El-S
was taken out of its dead mother's body) lH792l. Cf. Type 851.

Combinations:. 851, 922, and 931. 9278 Condemned Man Chs

Remarks: The Samson riddle (1) see Old Testament (ludges XIV,12*20). type comprises r.ariLl
Literature/Variants: Köhler-Bolte 1898ff. I, 46, No. 22; Wesselski 1928a,144-1,50; death who is perrnitte
Taylor 1951; Meyer 1967;Tubach 1969, No. 3969; Abrahams 1980; EM 6 (1990) Type 1868. Examples:
412-419 (S. Ude-Koeller); Krikmann1.996,55-80; Dekker et aL.1,997,294-297; (1) The condemsd
Elias 1998; EM 11,1 (2003)282t. (2) The condemre(
Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff.II, Nos. 151-153; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman19l7f.I, to death [Q427].
No. 184; Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. 924*; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Swedish:
Liungman 1961; Norwegian: Hodne 1984; Danish: Christensen lBadker 1.963t1., Literature/Variants: \Ä'essetrski l
No. 75; Irish: O Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: Baughman 1966, Nos. Schmitt 1959,179; Tubach 1969.
927,927C*-927E",Briggs 1970t. AII,441, 501; Spanish: Espinosa 1988, No. 258, cf. 1327-1329.
Nos.259-265, Camarena Laucirica 1991, No. l49,Catnarena/Chevalier 199Sfl.IV, Danish:Schütte lgll :
Nos. 927(b), 927(c); Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Braga 1987 1,267f ., 9278; Flemish: Lor Io--:
268f ., Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch: Sinninghe 1943,Kooi2003, No. 46; Frisian: 2 to, Wossidlo/\eunra : -
Kooi 1984a, Kooi/Schuster 1993, No. 19; Flemish: Meyer 1,968,Meyer lSinninghe cf. Dömötör 1991, 1n - '
\973; Gerrr.an: Wossidlo l897ff .1, 191,ff ., Busch 1910, Nos. 19, 38, Peuckert 1932, 1868t. I, No. 208; Jerr .--
No. 164, Henßen 1935, Nos. 155, 157, Henßen 1963a, No.50, Rehermann 1977,-1.65f.;
Austrian: Depiny 1932,438 No. 470, Haiding 1969, No. 155; Ladinian: Decurtins 927C TheLastRequest -{ro
1896ff.II, Nos. 82, 1,04; Italian: Cirese/SerafiniL975, De Simone 1994,No. 47;
he dies U11811. He a-.ks
Hungarian: György 1934, No. 69, MNK IV, Dömötör 1992, No. 215; Czech:
(a meal of nightingate
Dvoiäk 1978, No. 3969; Slovakian: Polivka L923ff.IV, No. 122E; Bosnian: Krauss
1914, No. 119; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas /Puchner 1998; jewish: Gaster 1924, Cf. Type 1868.
No.434; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. III, No. 173, MNK X 1; Chuvash: Kecskemdti/ Or, a barber asks t
Paunonen 1974; Mongolian: Lörincz 1979; Burmese: Htin Aung 1,954, 87ff .; Sri judge's throat and csr
Lankan: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Cambodian: Gaudes 1982 No. 23; English-
Canadian: Fauset L931, 140ff .; US-American: Baughman 1966, Nos. 927, 927 C., Literature/Variants: Cf . Tubaä
927D* , 927F.*; Spanish-American, Mexican: Robe 1,973; Puerto Rican: Hansen Uther 1989, 447f.;EM:14run-*ch: l
1957, Nos. 927*A,927*B;Brazllian: Cascudo 1955b,123,405f.; Chilean: Hansen Dutch: Kooi 2003, No.47; Frisiar:
1952 No. 927"A, Pino Saavedra1960ff.Il, Nos. 1.40-1.45; Argentine: Hansen 1957, Ognjanowa 1987,446f.
No.927*4; Westlndies: Flowers 1953; WestAfrican: Barker/Sinclair 1912 No.34.
927D Man Allowed to Pick
g27 A An Execution Eaaded by lJsing Three Wishes. King ordains that the been condemned to d§
guest who turns the fish on his plate (drops his knife, talks loudly) willbe hanged. He ncrr
shall be executed, and also that anyone so condemned may have (Previously T1.pe liSl
three wishes granted. Ori he choors one
A (young) man violates the order and pronounce his three The judge (hangman,
wishes. One of the wishes is, all those who saw him turn the fish are
to be blinded. All persons present pretend not to have seen anything Remarks: As an early example *
and the accused man is freed [J1181.1]. Cf .'lype 927C. de Vitry/Crane, No. 62).
Literature/Variants: Kirchhof G
283; IIDM 2 (193440) 238; Tubadr

tl
 ( :
(a1ue5'v) rg€r-6 tlr tt6 r ) r nEI rodzr oN' 69 6t we qry B& (0ffi€6T) z :ytrcrf ! €BZ
'oN'I ?Z6I allog/{necl 1r9Z'oN'm bsgf .,(apalseg/lollrpr1» :sluelre /arn}prall'l
'(ZS'oN'aue;37.{.r1rn ap 2176adi1 q
sanbcef) sanSlna sauou)as sdrrl1 ap sanbce{ aas aldurexa dpea ue sV:sIrpruey 3urql,,{ue uJas d^eLl ol loLt [..
aJE LISrJaql uJnl urlr{ t{ES rrl_ .:
'9991 adll 'Jl '[99ry] aal; oB run{ s+al (ueu8ueq) a8pnf aq1 aarql s1tl alunouord plr'. - i
('cp tarvroguns qsnq e) qBrq-aao1 dluo sr leq] auo sasooqc aq t6
'9931 eddl 'lJ (t1gt addl dlsnoraar4) a,req detu pauurapuol o: :,.
'sa>II ar{ auo puq }ouuec lnq aturl Suol € roJ s>lool aH 'pa8ueq aq pm (d1pno1 qlel /aJru) srq scir:'--
aq qrrqM uo aa4 aq+ asoor{c o} pa./v\olle sr q}eap o} pauuapuor uaaq aq] ]PLII surepro 3ur;1 'sarls;.11
s€q oqm ueru V 'uo pa8uog aq ol aatl flO )plcl ol pamofiV uary ALz6
'rg'oN /l16I rrElrurs/ta{rL.E -.
' '7E61 uasuell :aur1ua3.ry ..; -
lg7h' Lg 6I ezvr.oue [uB g
:uerre8yng 199 'g66lzur7:ueulsnv ierg6l Ioo» :uersrrC il, 'oN '0002 Ioo» :r{r+nq uasLrPH :uealrq3 1'Jg0t ,Ea l -,=
('dard u1) .714 alzlal raq :qrsun6 :lNg.!'y7? '6961 rat{}O uasupH :up)tU oljanJ 1:_t. .
!6zel-&tl (le,il EINt:t6ZE '9182 'soN t696Tq)eq]r.t 'JJ :sluEIrE
/arnlErell'I ')lz6'lzo soN,ggoI r.rPLL. -
-qsr13u3 :tZ'oN'lg6l'al'.'
'a)ualuas qleap aql ralle o+ rurq spueuuroJ pue leorq+ s,a8pn[ VS !'lllg'7961 Suny urlH :r:.:,
ar{l ol rozer aql s}nd ag 'a8pnf aq] a^eqs o+ sZSe raqreq e 'rO /Ilgura)sra) :qse^nq] rI ...
/ft26l ßlse):qsr.&la{ 1966I \
'898r ad4t'IJ r,r-.,
ssner) :uprusog :AZZI .o\ ,
'(sarp ar1 aro1aq MarqaH ureal 01 'saueuec .ro sap8uuqBru yo paur e) -,,-
:LIrazJ 19IZ 'oN ,7661 roltr.r-
[g'gZOtff] .ratrur,tr sr 1r q8norI+p sarrraqme.4s ro] $lse aH '[I8IiI] salp aq lItr 'oN /tr66l auours aC ,!_.: .
a;olaq trsanbar +sEI e pallpu.rad sr ueur palJl^uor V 'Tsanbay 7sa7 aqa )L2,6 surunracl:uErurp€-I lggl o\ -
llSgt'ttOtuueurrar{au i0! .rr\ .
Zl'Vg6I ueurpry 'BgZ'gV6I laqnsnv :qsra,t.a{ 1802 'oN 'I;g9gT iz€6I
/266I rolorxocl'Jr
Ualrnad,g€, 6I.so-\ .,- . -
,I^alr1:u€rqras 1I76t'oN'I 696I nrsaorls :ueruerun5 1üüZ'oN aqBuruur5'.ra,{a61,!96[ .rr.r :,,
:uerre8tmll IOTZ'W6l sraraluqre1:ssr,trs igl€'oN'e96I uu€wnaN/olprssoTq'917 ,t;: _
:uersrrC 19t'oN ,t002 1oo)
'oN'g€6t ua8xaH 'V6L'016T olprssoM:ueruraD 199'oN'q666Ixo-l:qsruralg 19776 '' l :asanE n_:
l9Z'I 1961 e8e tg
'oN 'E1B6I roo) :uersrrC :691'Ol6l.radorprerl4 :qsrl8ug !I9 'EZ6I ellnqrs :qsruEC \rLlJ/ Purr P.r.
At'JJ9oo I rrrlP
'6ztt-tztt 'Jl'BgZ'oN'gg6I esourdsg :r-1.. -.
(tB6I) 9I If, 1107 (U6D ItNg,!9ZZ?'9227 'soN t6g6lqreqnl!6tI'696I DIurrIrS soN '996I uetuq8neg :qsrlFi-:
1(uasuape141 'T) 8SZ (0V-V1AD ruCIH 166I /qZ6I DIsIassaM:sluuup1farnlurall"I '' ll€961 ra{pog /uasuatsrrli-) -. :
:LISrpa.l{S : 116l aupary s[e.r1- ..
I
'ltZtö) rllEap ol 1' I lI"6I uplu)f, EH :rlsrpa_\\q- -;:
paalq pue surarr snl uado ol sasoor{J (ecaua5) pauruapuor aqJ (z)
'[r'usa] a8e p1o ruol] arp o+ s+ue^ aq sdes ! raT)ac
tOZ-t6Z 't66L .Ie +a
::äfä";;]*J3*, (066I) 9 I Ig i0B6I sru€LlErr-l\
'J) '[ISIII'II9.I] a1p IIIM aq .+ror{ asooq) o1 papturrad sr oqm q}eep !]sI -ttl'Pgz6 L r)sla\sr^\ .:_
'(67-71n1y sa8pll
ol pauruapuoJ ueur e qllaa. Surpap salel snorrel sasrrduroc addl
snoauellaJsrlrr sB{I 'a!a nlM aH moH sasoo4) uow pauuLapuo) gLzS
'199 ad.{1 'y3 '[76211] ip ,
'ygg7 dueqg-1g :uerldd8g !VOZ71 'oN'816I 1
3ur1 ';c 1862'oN /996I jClZ6'oN 'Ir'VlZ6 'oN'Etrg6l ]eq] IeuIuE ue Jo leaul aql :::.
roo» :uersrrd IZ'ZyUI ^p+urog/pr€qraqf,:rlsr1rnl
'oN '996I Sraqog :rrpupla)I :116l aupary ls{pry :uer^}e.l asJorl p seLI aq iuorlJas Lrpa.ru>:
'('dard u0 .M alzpl raC :qrsunM :wg.lllt 'u961 rarDfl :'l€9T'elg6l 1ea 1) uroqun aq] aprr I luro.ri-:
ßo» lClZ t0g6l vtneqzrEMr{rs :116l ßpßlrq)S :lBIt '9902 'soN t696I q)eqr.J-
allog/ralqg) :slueuB^/arnlErall'I
10, 'oN '9761 r1slassa14 !199-199'II '#868I slLl Jo oMl salJrPJ JqS puP :....
'(fOf 'oN) Lunfiuawol Dlsag '3'a 'sa8y a1pp5l{ aql urorJ suo4me.q dreralr.l :s{reure5 seq dnr p Iln>is srLI LUorJ ta.\
999 (alla^oN) salPl )qsrreau ,82 .){{ ü82 J{g
.D ä
q
 FFC 284

Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963, No. 1587; English: Baughman 1966, No. 2400; Kurdish: DZalila et al, 1y
1587; Spanish: GonzälezSanz1996, No. 1582 Goldberg 1998, Nos. K558, *P511.3; Laude-Cirtautas rl:
1,981, No.
Portuguese: Freitas 1996,65f., Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a, No. Hoffmann No. 8; Chinee
1965,
1587; German: Merkens 1892ff.111, No. 29; Swiss: ]egerlehner 1913, No. 161, Büchli/ 2400; North American Indiaru B
Brunold-Bigler 1989ff .1,432; Austrian: Graber 1944,413f., Haiding 1965,No.264; American: Baughman 196,6. \c"
Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975, No. 1587; Hungarian: György 1934, No. 130, MNK bian: Schmidt1989tl, No. 15!,-
VII B, No. 1587; Slovene:Krain21,880,257; Rumanian: Stroescu 1969I1, No.5583;
Bulgarian: cf. BFP, No. 1587; Polish: Krzyzanowskrlg62f.II, No. 1587; Jewish:
928 Planting for the \ert
Jason 1965, 1988a No. 1.587;Gypsy: Briggs 1970f . A11,297f., MNK X 1, No. 1587;
he is told that it rri-Il
US-American: Baughman 1966, No. 1587; Spanish-American, Mexican: Robe 1973,
No. 1587; Chilean: Pino Saavedra1987, No. 65. plants the tree: for t

Remarks: Documented;Ls a Fir

927 A* "Old Sailille" Granted by the King. A farmer does a king a good turn
sion in Talmudic literature r,1s
(a soldier claims pay for a long period of service). In return he asks
Literature/Variants: Chaurin l
for an old saddle. The unsuspecting king signs the deed of gift. Later III, 191;Bassetl924tfl I, 31+ \,
the "old saddle" turns out to be a large estate. Nevertheless the 1985,278f.; Hansen 2002, 3-11r
duped king keeps his promise and gives it to him [K193.1]. Lithuanian: Kerbelyte l99gfi " il
bourg: cf. Gredt 1883, No. 9nJl
Literature/Variants: Anderson 1923, 360; HDM 2 (193440) 236; EM | (1977) 387f . 1984, 286, Tomkowiak 198;. 1 5:
(K. Ranke). 20; Sardinian: Cirese/Seratjn
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 154; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977; Lithuanian: 1988a; Kurdish: DZalila et ar.
Kerbelyte 1999ff.Il;German: Ruppel/Häger1952,199f., Wossidlo/Neumann 1963, Palestinian: Campbell 19il. !a
No. 400, Neumann 1971, No. L44,Berger 2001; Sorbian: Schulenburg 1880,293f.,
Nedo 1952 32; Russian, Byelorussiary Ukrainian: SUS. 929 CleoerDefenses[77
prises various ta_le:
927C* The Ground is Measured with a Horse's Skin (Ox Hiile),(Previously person who is tin
Type 2a00.) A man (monk, members of a different ethnic group) asks
his master for a piece of land the size of an ox's (horse's) hide. This Literature/Variants : Pa.;. -
is promised to him. He cuts the hide into a long thin strip which he 22 (lq8 l)23; Uther lor :
uses to encircle a great area [K185.1]. Portuguese: Cardigos :;.: -
152f., Panid-Surep 196-1. \ :-
Remarks: Found in the ancient Indian §atapatha Brahmana (I,2,5,2). Known in Eu- 281,282; Polish: cf. Sin-,rr:- ---:-
rope since the Hellenistic period, e.g. Virgit, Aeneid (I,365-368). This motif is often 50, Keren/Schnitzler 1y:- l"
part of legends of the founding of cities.
Literature/Variants: cf. Köhler/Bolte 1898ff.1l,319-324;Schwarzbaum 1968,124, 9294 UneilucatedEathel. -\,
464; Scobie 1977, 10-12; EM 6 (1990) 266f. the man could not ,C,:
Finnish: Aarne1920, No.2000*; Estonian: Aarne 1918, No.2000*; Latvian: Aräjs/ grandfather [J1{2].
Medne 1977,No.2400; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff.II, No.2400; Icelandic: Gering
1,882f.II, No. 28, Sveinsson 1929, No. 2400; Irish: Ö Sriitteabhain/Christiansen Literature/Variants: Chaurin 1!
1963, No. 2400; English: Baughman 1956, No. 2400; Spanish: Camarena Laucirica
Czech: Tllle 1929ff .I, 435; Greel
1991, No. 157, cf. Camarena/Chevalier 19951f. V No. 1022; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol
80ff., El-Shamy 2004; Egrptia;+-
2003, No. 1590*; Portuguese: Cardigos (forthcoming) No.2400; Frisian: Kooi 19844
No.240O Kooi 1994, No.247;Flemish: Walschap 1960,29;Gerrnem: Rehermann 1977,
319f. No. 8, cf.486f.nos.7L-74, Petschel 1.975ff. VI, Nos. 3826,4024,4050,4112-
929* APenny for Alnrs. -{b
4116, Grimm DS/Uther 1993II, Nos. 416, 41.9,427,524,525,532; Italian: Cirese/
cause all people desce:
Serafini 1975, Nos. 2400-2499, and app., Appari1992, No. 46; Hungarian: György penny/ saying that il;
1934, No.48; Czech: Tllle1929ff.ll2,373; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1991f.1, No. 19, richer than the kins h
II, No. 355; Croatian: BoSkovi6-Stul1i1963, No. 165; Bulgarian: BFp, No.2400; Rus-
siary Byelorussian: SUS, No.2400; Jewish: jason 1965, No.2400, ]ason 1988a, No. Literature/Variants: Bebel .',
=-
-
Pauli/Bolte 1924 I, No. 51, I.I -
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568 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

2877,2893;El|L42 (1979) 251;Fabula 20 (1979)-166f .;Marzolph 1992II, No. 257. Megas/Puchner 1998, \o. -9:
English: Stiefel 1908, No. 86; Spanish: Childers 1948, No. ]1283; Frisian: cf. Kooi Nikiforov/Propp 1961, -\o. 9{'
1984a, No. 1735C*; German: Rehermann 1977, 434t., Moser-Rath 1984, 138;Ital- 1.28,214III, ry; Jewish: \or tr9
ian: Rotunda 1942, No. J1337;Hungarian: György 1934, No. 72;Btigarian:BFP, Cheremis/Mari: Kecskemdti F;
No. *17344". Ergis 1983, No. 243; Uztrek I-
Lörincz 1979; Syrian: El-Sha-utr- .

2004; Palestinian, Iraql Qatar. \r

TALES OF FATE 930_949 Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1%;
Thompson/ Roberts 196t1; Chi:rt
nesian: Vries 1925f. I, No. {6. In.. I
930 The ProphecrT. This miscellaneous type contains various tales deal- Lemieux 1974ff.IV, No.23; US-l
ing with a poor boy for whom future greatness [M312] or a marriage 1957 ; Br azllian: Alcoforado AIb
to a rich girl [M312.1] is foretold. Verdian: Parsons 1923b I, \o.66
A rich man (king, merchant, landlord) learns of the prophecy (he
dreams) that a poor boy will become his son-in-law (heir). Therefore 9304 The Predestineil llife
he tries to kill the boy by various plots (exposure). Finally the boy 930D.)A respected rr
has to deliver a letter that orders his own death [K978]. The letter is (newbom) girt rrill he
exchanged (modified) by a helper [K511], so that the boy is married to marry the uglv chi
to the daughter of his adversary and shares in his rank and wealth [5115], by piercing he:
[K1355]. Cf. Types 467,91.0K, and1525Z*. ing her in order to ery
vives [R131], grori-s ur
Combinations: This type is often combined with one or more other types, esp. ried to the man.
46t,91.0K. After the rr-eddin
Remarks: In the numerous variants of Type 930 combined with 910K a clear dis-
learns from his rtife's
tinction of the types is problematic and several variants are referred to both types.
filled despite hL" acti:
Nevertheless the Types 910K and 930 are separate types (see EM 5, 663).
Literature/Variants: Chauvin L892ff . VIII, 145ff . No. 145C; BP l, 276-293; Aarne In various regiolt
19-16, esp. 1L5-190; Tllle L919; Basset 1,924ff. II, 368 No. 102, IlI, 4L, No. 29; (previously Trpes 93t
Wesselski 1925,79-87; Schick 1932; Brednich 1964a,5748; Schwarzbaum 1968,6, Northern cvcle lD
27 3L, 442; Lnthi 19 69 a, 7 0-84; Trb ach 19 69, No. 647; Schwarzb aum 1980, 27 4f ;
. variants): A man rtiEr
EM 5 (1987) 662-671 (C. Shojaei Kawan); EM 6 (1990) 343-348; Dekker et al. 1997 , the girl in variou-c rr-a'
11,2-115; Röth 1998; EM: Uriasbrief (in prep.). her hands to a tree. orl
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 155; Finnish-swedish: Hackman 1917f. I, No. death. The girls suni,,
188; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs /Medne t977; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö by her scars as the p.rt
1999ff . II; Lappish, Wepsian, Karelian: Kecskemdti / Paunonen 197 4; D anish:
'1929; Scottish: Southem cvde rtit
Grundtvig 1876ff. II, No. 16; Icelandic: Sveinsson Bruford/
English, Scottish. trl.l
MacDonald 1994, No.41; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen1963, Nos.930,930-
The marriage of the ta
949;Welsh: Thomas 1907,229; English: Baughman 1966; French: Delarue/Tenöze
l964tt.IV 2; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995tf.IV; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, tion: A ring that had
No. K1355, Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/Soromenho et al.1963f . again. The ring Ls frna
I, No. 303, Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; 7364.
German: Ranke 1955ff. II, No. 461,1fi, No.930, Rehermann 1977,142f.,411f. No.
8, Grimm DS/Uther 1993II, No. 486, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996 I, No. 29; Swiss: Remarks: Early literary treatme:
Jegerlehner 1909, Nos. 17,29; Austrian: Haiding 1969, Nos. 137,170;Italtan: Cirese/ Wang Jen-yü.
Serafini 1975, Nos. 930,930-949; Corsican: Massignon 1963, No. 14; Hungarian: Literature/Variants: Chaurin tr 5i
MNK ry Dömötör 1992, No. 69; Czech:Tllle 1929ff .I,160f ., Dvoii{k 1978,No. 647; Aarne 19 6, 11 0-1 94; Basset 191-t
1,

Slovakian: GaSparfkovä 1991f. I, No. 83; Slovene: MeSko 1922,80ff.; Serbian: *e

7 7 ; S chw ar zb aur;:- 19 68, 27 li. ;

Djordjeviö/Milo§eviö-Djordjeviö 1988, Nos. 131-133; Macedonian: Öepenkov/ Röth 1998; Marzolph/Van Leeur
Penu§liski 1989 IlI, No. 289; Rumanian: Schullerus 1.928; Bulgarian: BFP; Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. tr, \o:
Albanian: Camaj/Schier-Oberdorffer 1974, No. 33; Greek Megas 1970,No.46, cf. No. 189; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne
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570 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28.1 FFC 284

1999ff .II, Nos. 930A, 930D; Wepsian, Karelian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen L974; fulfillment of the prophecr- are
Swedish: Liungman 1961, No. 930*; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson Type 931.
1929,8ober91966, Nos. H51, N101, R131, 5143; Scottish: Baughman l966,Brufordl Literature/Variants: Corstan-< 1!
MacDonald 1994, No. 40; English: Baughman 1966,Briggs1970f . A1,236fL,497, 19 64a, 4246, cf . 46-54; Ifi tcheil
BII,240f.; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ft.IV, Nos. 930A,930D; Catalan: 30; Edmunds/Dundes 19E4; Pr
Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f. I, Nos. 1.25,1.64, Cardigos (forth- 1985; Marr 1986;EM 6 (1991.
coming), Nos.9304,930D,930.E; Italian: Cirese/SerafiniL975, No.9304; Sar- Hasan-Rokem / Hasan 2Cl-ll:
dinian: Cirese/Serafini, No. 9308; Czech: Grohmann 1.863, SfI.; Slovakian: 2003,435437 (M. Kemt.
Ga§parikovä 1991f .Il, No. 466; Slovene: Kelemina 1930,166; Serbian: Djordjeviö/ Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ft. tr
Milo§eviö-Djordjeviö 1988, No. 130; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Loukatos 7957, 170ff ., Kerbelyte 19991f. II; Lappis
Mousaios-Bougioukos 1976, No. 35, Megas/Puchner 1998, Nos. 930A,9308, Boberg 1966, No. M343; I
930D; Polish:Krzy2anowski-1962f.I; Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Delarue/Tenöze 196,1ff. r\- -
Turkish: Eberhard/Borutav 1953, Nos. 124, 126,128,137,14};Jewish: Noy 1963a, 1998, No. 5354; Catalan: Ori,
No. 98, Noy 1965, Nos. 43, 56, ]ason 1965, Nos. 930*E-930*K ]ason 1975, Nos. L984f. I, No. 174, 175, Coeli
930*E-930*K Haboucha 1992, Nos. 930A, 930*E, 930.I, 930.K **930E; Gypsy: 931*A; Ladinian: Decurtin:s 151.:
Briggs 1970f. A1,225; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; Georgian: Kurdovanidze2000; garian: MNK I\,'; Czur:'
Syriary Iraqi: El-Shamy 2}}4;lordaniary Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004, No.9308; In- Slovene: Kelemrna 1:
dian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, ]ason 1989, No. 930C; Chinese: Ting 1978;lapa- 306; Rumanian: Bir1e.: - - -
nese: Ikeda 1971, Nos. 930A, 9308, Inada f Ozawa 1.977ff.; French-Canadian: Iq53, No.62, Mega- -.
Lemieux 1974lf.III, No. 1;Brazilian Cascudo 1955b,L64ff.; Egyptian: El-Shamy ish: Eberhard, Bor.rr... :-
2004, Nos. 930,9308; Tunisian: Stumme 1893, No. 7, El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 930, 1q75, lq88a: Cr p.r : \1\ -
930B; Algerian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 930B; Sudanese: Kronenberg/Kronenberg 2004; Iraqi: Nor,r,ak 19r; l',
1978, No. 4, El-Shamy 2004. Velder IqoS, No. r0: l :.:
Merican: Robe 19. -r \
9308-930D See Type 930A. lnd ies: Flowers Io5l t - .

930* Fate Eoretold as Punishment. Arr.an invites God to his house, but 9314 Paricide. This rn
mistreats an old beggar who comes to ask for a night's lodging legendary traits) d
[K1811.1]. At night he hears the birds talk to the old man and as Examples:
punishment learns his future. Cf. Types 671D*,75L.^*. (1) A father reprL-rai
kills him. A saint prott
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 1968, 273. repent and do penan,f,
Lithuanian: Basanaviöus l993f.II, No. 112 Kerbelytö1999tr.Il,bish: Ö Sriitleabhrün/ (2) It is prophesieci
Christiansen 1963; Greek Laogräptia2 (1910) 589f.; Buryat: Eliasov 19591, 376{1. sorrow to humanitl-. I
by a childless queen- 1
93'1, Oedipus, A prophecy (dream) foretells that a certain newborn child ders her child and äe
will kill his father [M343] and marry his mother [M344]. In order to garden he is caught t
avoid this fate, the child (Oedipus) is exposedlM371,.2l. marries his widon-, rr-h
The boy is rescued and reared by shepherds [R131] (he grows up mother.
at a strange king's court [5354]). There he unwittingly kills his father (3) It is prophesie,J
[N323] (who was employed as a gardener) whomhe did not recog- tator) will murder [r,i-.
nize. Upon the king's advice he marries the wife of the dead man marries. His parents se
and learns later that she is his own mother [T4121. wife invites them to ne
home and sees trro px
Remarks: Classical origin: Home4, Odyssey (XI,271281), Sophocles, Oedipus Rex. to him and kills both
All of the variants classified under Type 931 contain general prophesies of fate.
done, he repents and (
Beside exposure, parricide (cf. Type 931A) and mother-incest, brother- and sister-
Or, a youlg man k
incest playmate-dispute and fratricide occur in various combinations. It should
be noted that not Oedipus'particular deeds but rather the inescapability and the
adviser has lied to hiu
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572 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

(4) After his wife dies,

a lord falls in love with his own daughter. the key for his chains
She gives birth to a son (Albanus), who is exposed. He is rescued Gregorius is elect,
and raised by a childless king. When the boy grows up, he becomes miracles take place. H
king himself. His natural father hears about this young king and der to confess her sin-.
marries his daughter to him. Before the adoptive father dies, he tells 3]. She enters a convet
the young man what he knows about his origins. The young man's tion (Gregorius is rt..r
wife realizes that she has married her own son. After the king dies,
the three others go to the bishop and confess their sins. They are Remarks: Documented in the \t
required to do penance for seven years. On their way home, they Literature/Variants: Köhler 1E9r5.
I, 324; Brednich 1964a, 54-56; 5c
spend the night in a forest, and the father and daughter renew their
2375, 2728; Verfasserlexikon 3 t 19
incestuous relationship. Albanus discovers this and kills them both. Frenzel 1988,259-261; EN{ 6 t19
He becomes a hermit is killed, and later becomes a saint. Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tf. II, #
(5) A drunken man spends the last of his money. The devil prom- Sveinsson 1929;lrish Ö Stilteahh
ises to make him rich if he will murder his own parents, but the man 1964ff.IY 2; Spanish: Camarena
refuses. The devil gives him money anyway, and tells him to restrict Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f. tr. \
his binges of drunkenness to one day each week. The man disobeys, Hen§en 1959, No. 55; LadiniarL:
gets drunk every day, and murders his parents 1Q211.1,5221. Serafini 197 5 ; I{ungarian: \'L\X
1944, 63ff .; Greek: Megas i' Puclu
Remarks: Documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. Jacobus de Voragine, Legenda russiary Ukrainian: SUS; Grpsr
aurea (Julianus Hospitator), Gesta Romanoraz (No. 18). American: Robe 1973.
Literature/Variants: Schumann/Bolte 1893, No. 14; Frey/Bolte 1896,280;Huet
1913; Wesselsk11936,58; Bunker 1944; Gaiffier 1945; Günter 1949, 53-55, 119, 186; 934 Tales of thePredestiner
Brednich 19 64b ; D orn 19 67, 84-86, 97 not. 1 ; Schenda 197 0, 383386 ; Moser 1977, (Including the prer-ic
49f.,62,70,73f.,90; Swan 1977;EM3 (1981) 1372-1379 (W. Williams-Krapp); Moser g}lE
g34A**, g34B*-E* ,
1981, 342f ., 356; Frenzel 19 88, 368-37 1 ; Giacobello 1997 . comprises various ta_I
Spanish: Llano Roza de Ampudia 1925, No. 53; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. I No.
death. Examples:
171, Cardigos (forthcoming), Nos. 7558, 931* A; Dutch: Wolf 1843, No. 149; Ger-
The time and maru
man: Brückner 1.974,478 No. 490,728.
a newbom child (aduli
etc.; in dream). The par
933 Gregory on the Stone. The son of an incestuous union [T415] is aban-
learn it from another 1
doned [5312.1]. His mother adds ivory tablets that describe the cir-
Different manners
cumstances of his birth. The boy is saved [R131.14], baptized by the
forces (storm [M341 r.
abbot Gregorius who gives him his own name, and grows up in the
(wolf [M341.2.6], tige
monastery. At the age of 15, the child Gregorius learns about his
mysterious origins and leaves in order to find his real parents. 1M341.2.3), when drhr
ing, on the wedding d
LJnwittingly Gregorius reaches his native country where his un-
three-fold death of a X
married mother rules. When he saves her from a neighboring ruler's
drowning [F901.1, Fgr-
unwelcome advances, she agrees to marry Gregorius.
cautions are taken in c
He has no idea that she is his mother. When she finds the tablets
mured in a wall, isolat
with the history of his origins she discloses her identity.
the prophery is tulfiltrt
In order to expiate the unwitting inces! she lives a pious life.
Gregorius undertakes a pilgrimage as penance. At his request a
In some variants t
stepmotheq, ea gle, rr-1.,
fisherman fetters his ankles with chains to a rock in the sea [Q541.3]
and throws the key into the water [Q544].
Literature/Variants: Kirchhof Oe
Seventeen years later Gregorius is chosen by an angel as succes-
No. 150, VUI, 87 No. 5Z 10"1f. \i
sor of the deceased pope. Messengers from Rome look for Gregorius 1921.f .; Basset 1924ff . II, 202 No. :
and arrive at the fisherman's hut. In a fish prepared for the guests,
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lZgOt >ttpl,nq 1986I arpld 1(suaual I 'L) gfrZ-VfrZ (1961) g uo>lxalrasseJra1 IBZIZ'glCZ
rlar{J Mauar ralq8nep plli ^ l
'soN '696I r.{JeqnJ lgrV ,lgz '996I uuneqztemr{rs :99-Vg 'et96l r.{rruparg lrzg 'I
daql 'auoq de,rt rraql u3 .
dg!181-tfi 'II'JJ868I a1log/rat{Q) 198'oN',Ell',968Falq9»:sluPuE /ernl€rall'I
'(rs 'oN) wnnualLLo>f o\saa 'B'a'sa8y a1ppr7,,1 aql ur paluarunrocl :$Irerrlau are daql'surs rrall] ssal1. l
'sarp 3ur1 alil raUV'uos u .
'(lups se padrqs;oaa. sr snrro8arS) uorl s,uetu Sunod aq1 'sur8u.. .
-E^les Ienlrrrds ure8 qloq qleap rrarü raryV 'lua^uor E sralua aqs '[€ sllal aq /sarp rarlleJ a.lqc1o.:.
'I9IH] raqlo qcea aznrSoca.r daql'adod ar[+ o] sws raq ssaluor o+ rap pue 3u»1 Sunod slql lnLr. j
saLuoJaq aq'dn s^^oi8 i,,-: .
-ro ur auroll o1 a8erurlSpd e saleru rar{+oru sr11 'ace1d a{E} salJerrur
Suqeaq aruo1 sralua aq uaqm pue 'adod pa+tala sr snrlo8a.r3 panJsar sr ag 'pasodxa sr --
'@g1edÄ1'Jc) punoy sr surer{r srq ro} la>1 aql 'ralq8nep u..r,ro srLI
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574 Hans-.[örg Uther FFC 28.1 FFC 284

1.48;9chwar2baum1968,260f.,275,279,292,448; Tubach 1969, Nos. t475,3070; 2004, No. 934A; Iranian: Lorimt
Schwarzbaum 1974; Schwarzbaurir. 1979, 351,355 not. 38; Moser 1980, 1,561.; 934A1,9348, Marzolph 1994. I'
F abula 22 (1981) 23; Röth 1998; Hansen 2002, 431435; EM: Todesprophezeiungen 1906, No. 32, McCulloch 1911
(in prep.). M341.2.21, Thompson / Rot'ers
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 159, Jauhiainen 1998, No. 4711; Finnish-Swed- 1989, Nos. 9348, 9348-- Ä, 934'
ish: Hackman 1917f.1, No. 66; Estonian: Aarne 1918, Nos. 94, 932*,Loorits1959, an: Zaborowskrt9TS, Nos. 1- j9:
No. 195; Livonian: Loorits 1926, No. 937;Latvian: §rnlts 1962ff . X, Nos. 6-8, 1.4, 9344,934Ar; Japanese: Ikeda 1
XIII, No. 13, Aräjs/Medne1977, Nos. 934, 9348","934E***,*934F*, *934G*; Lithu- 9344; Filipino: VVrigglesrrorth
anian: Kerbelytö 1999ft. II, Nos. 934, 934A, 9348*, 934D*; Lydian, Wepsian: VIII, No.6; US-American: Hoti
Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974, No. 9344; Swedish: Liungman 1949ff. l, 1.03ff., 1973, No.934A*2, Mexican: \\i
Sdtier 1974, No. 3; Norwegian: Hodne 1984 No. 934E; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929, Nos. **934, **937; Ecuadorian: (
Nos. 499*, 728*, Naumann/Naumann 1.923, No. 21, Bodker et al. 1.963, 56ff ., 2004, Nos. 934, 934A, 93$1; \
Boberg 1966, Nos. ll'/.30L.L2,M341,.2,M341.2.10, Schier 1983, No. 19, Kvideland/ Schott 1993f. II/[I, Nos. 15]. {
Sehmsdorf 1999, No. 97;klsh: Müller-Lisowskrl923, No.4, B6aloideas2L (1951, I 3,11..
52)31,3f. No.37, Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1953, Nos.333*, 934,934C*;En-
glish: Briggs/Michaelis-]ena1970, No.70, Briggs 1970f.A1,454f.,B11,30,294f.;
French: Delarue/Tenöze1964ff.IV 2, No. 9344; Spanish: Espinosa 1946t.,No.1,44,
9344-9348 See Type 93-1.

Chevalier 1983, No. 70, Camarena / Chevalier 1995ff . IV, Nos. 934, 934A, 9348,
Goldberg 1998, No. M341,.2.4; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f. II, No. 288, Cardigos 934C DeathEorestallsEeil
(forthcoming), Nos. 934, 934E** ; Dutch: Poortinga 1977, No. 16; German: Lemke When she goes to ct
1884ff.II,88 No. 12, Grimm DS/Uther 1993I, No. 311, Berger 2001, Nos. 934, XWI formed by dead rela,
B 3-5; Swiss: Büchli/Brunold-Bigler 1989ff.I, 308f., 311; Italian: Cirese/Serafini evil fates of her childt
1975, Nos. 934, 934A,934E*; Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978, Nos. *934F, *934G; other one is bound t
Hungarian: MNK IV Nos. 934, 9344, Dömötör 1992, Nos. 175, 259; Czech:Tille thanks God for har-ir
1.929ff.II2,396f.,422,Dvoiäk 1978, No. 1482*; Slovakian: GaSparikovä1991,f.I,
No. 175; Slovene: Kelemina 1930, 168; Serbian: Öajkanovi6 1927, Nos. 86,87, Literature/Variants: BP ii. ----
KaradLi(.1932 No.51, Djordjeviö/Milo§evi6-Djordjeviö 1988, Nos. 1.34,135;Cro- 1976,134.
atian: Valjavec 1890, Nos. 2, 10, BoSkoviö-Stulli 1963, Nos. 52, 53; Bosnian: Irish: Ö Stiilleabhäin/ Christia
Krauss/Burr et aL.2002, No. 122; Macedonian: Eschker 1972,No.35, Öepenkov/ No. KL 8; Italian: Cirese/Sera_l
Penu§liski 1989lll, Nos.299-304,307-309; Rumanian: Schullerus 1,928,No.932*, III, No. 310; Greek: Klaar 19
Birlea1966,l,544ff.,lll,41,2l.; Bulgarian: Arnaudov 1905, No. 35, Ognjanowa Palacin 1952L 11, No. 145, ]a:c
1987, No. 34, BFP, Nos. 9344, 934A1, 934A**, *934A1, *934A2,*934A2, *934As,
*934A4,9348,*93481,*93481,*9348y*934D2,934E*;Albanian:
Ma2on 1936, No. 94, 934D Nothing Happens i
Camaj / Schier-Oberdorffe r 1974, No. 32; Greek: Laogräphia 10 (1929) 488490,
service and r,r,anls t
498-579,1L (L934137) 270f.,21. (19631 64) 491ff., Karlinger 1960, No. 4,Klaar 1977,
111ff., Diller 1982, Nos. 26,56,6L, Megas/Puchner 1998, Nos. 934A,934D*,924E*; him. An old man (G
Polish: Krzyzanowski 1962f. I, Nos. 149, 341, 412, 932, 932A, 948; Russian: and uniform. Nou t
Trautmann 1931, 24, 243, SU S, No. 934A, 9348*, 93 4D* *, 93 4D* * * ; Byelorussian: everyone's fate [\1
Karlinger / Mykytiuk 1962 No. 65, SUt Nos. 934, 934A, 9348", 9348** ; Ukrainian:
Die Sonnenrose 1970, l74ff .,Mykyttttk1979, No. 24, SUS, Nos. 934,934A,9248", Literature/Variants:
9348**,934D***,934F*,934F**,934F***;Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 196; Livonian: Loorits 1926, \o.
]ewish: Larrea Palacin 1952f.I, No.9, Noy 1963a, Nos. 43,71,,98, Noy 1963b, No. Basanaviöius /Aleksynas 199
13, Jason 1965, Nos. 934,934E,9348",934*G, ]ason 1975, Nos. 934,9248-*A, Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 19;-{; l
934*G, Jason 1988a, 934*G, Bin Gorion 199O No. 199, Haboucha1,992, Nos. 9344" Serafini 197 5 ; Serbian: Eschlie:
934*A,934*F,**934F,934*H; Gypsy: Tillhagen 1948, 1l5ff., Mode 1983ff. III, No. 412; Jewish: Gaster 1911, ],
166, MNKX 1; Ossetian: Dawkins 1950,286f.; Kurdish: Di,al1laetal.1989, No. 70; Mari: Beke 1938, No. 19, Kec:<k
Armenian: Hoogasian-ViLla1966, No. 44; Yakut: Ergis 1967, No. 204;Uzbek: cf. No. 1856.
Keller/Rachimov 2001, No. 12; Georgian: Kurdovanidze 200O Nos. 9348*, g34B**,
934F**; Mingril: Bleichsteiner 19L9,l89ff., No. 10; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990, No. 934D1 Outuitting Fate. A
9348; Palestinian: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 934A,934A*; Oman, Yemenite: El-Shamy [K1811.0.2] (goddess

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spend his life in poverty but u,ill al\\,a,vs o\,\''n an or (ki1l a stag erzerv 934H The Oigin of Deatl
day) and that his sister ltill become a prostitute [N121.3]. tales dealing rtith tl
When the boy grows up, the man advises him to sell his ox everv death. Examples:
day so that the god must furnish him a new one each day (to wait (1)Formerlv Gc,'j
inside his hut so that the god must bring the stag to him). He advises moon died forerer. -r
the girl to demand a handful of pearls for her favors. The god must 2l that thev rrishsd t
come in disguise each day because no man can pay such a price. The founded the mes-i
god soon tires o{ his duties and agrees to re\rerse the decrees of fate change it [A1335.1.1
1K2377.2). (2) God sends ou
live forever (continu,
Literature/Variants: is overtaken br- a fa
Serbian: Djordjeviö/Milo§evi6-Djordjeviö 1988, Nos. 122-12,1; Indian: Thompson/ 1A133s.11.
Balys 1958, Nos. K1811.0.2,K2377.2, Thompson/Roberts 1960, No. 936; Chinese: (3) Formerlv Dea
Ttng1978, No.934D,; |apanese: Seki 1963, No.43. enter the houä or:
song, and repeated ir
934E See Type 934.
house and bedroon'.
course) he strangXerd
934F The Man in the Well. A man fleeing from a unicorn falls into a rve11
of men.
where a dragon lives. A tree gro\vs beside the n e11, and, as he fa1ls, (4) In the r-ear hn
the man grasps one of its branches. He finds tr,vo mice, one black
responsibilities {the
and one white, gnawing at the branch, and sees snakes at the base of rials). Therefore, C"a
the tree. Observing all this, the man forgets his perilous position.
when they u.ill die I
When a drop of honey fa11s from the crown of the tree, he reaches to
tasteit (reaches for money that lies near hirn). The branch breaks and Remarks: Tales dealing rr-ith c
the man falIs into the jan s of the dragon [J861.1]. Africa.
Literature/Variants: Köhler E
Remarks: Oriental origin. Parable ol Barlanm nntl loasaph. European versions are Wesselski 1931,43f.; Babler 191
documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. Jacques de Vitrr,; Sermones oulgnres (Jacques Abrahamsson 1951; Schott l,f
de Vitry/Crane, No. 734), Gesta Romanorun (No. 168). Estonian: Aarne 1919 No" 19: tr
Literature/Variants: Kuhn 1888; Chauvin 1892ff. II, 85 No. 17, III, 100 No. 6; BP 1936, No. 3062, Balys 19+f . \
IV 339 No. 68; Stammler 1962; Tubach 1969, No.5022; Odenius1,972f .I; Einhorn Szöv1rf[y 1957, 122f.; French: tlt
7976,219-230; Grubmtiller 7977,28 30; Schwarzbaum1979,352; Stohlmann 1985, Tenöze 19 64ff . IV,7, 290f .; Gercr
744-1,46; Blois 1991, 73-95; Clausen-Stolzenburg 1995, 796-203; Einhorn 2003, Byelorussian: Dobror.ol'skil n !
775-177. South American Indian: 1\iIh
Danish: Nielssen/Bodker 1951f. II, No. 16; Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. J861.1; nesian: Kirtley 1971, Nos. A1il:
Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. J861.1; German: Schmitt 1959, 17,31; Hungarian: 1987, Nos. 2850-3275; Eg1ptia
Dömötör 1992, No. 450; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 5022. Schild 1975, No.78; Ghanaia-r,: !
Einstein 19 83, 9 ; Nigeriar'- 5rü1j.
934G The Ealse Prophecy. An astrologer prophesies that a certain ruier East African: Arewa 1966. \c
wiil die within a year, but that he himself u,ill lir.e another trventy Lambrecht 1967, Nos.3136; Co
years. A knight kills the astrologer, thus cliscrediting his prophecies. Schmidt 1.98911, Nos. 19i 19S: j
Schmidt 198911, Nos. 197, 19S.
Literature/Variants: Castro Guisasola 1923; Crar,vford Schenda 7967,90;
1,925;
HDS (1961-63) 677f .;Trbach 196U, No. 404; EM 7 (L977) 928f.; Schu,arzbaumL979, 934K "TheTimeHas Come
209 not. 18; Marzolph 1992II, No. 240; Ryan 1999, 12f. times from rir-er" ^"7
a
German: Melander I (1604) 63 No. 54, Joco-Seria (1631) 260ff., Zeitvertreiber 1D1311.11.11. The call
(1685) 297 (EM archive); Sn iss: Brunold-Bigler / Anhorn 2003, 109 No. 157, cf . No.
runs to the river and
156; Indian: Hertel 1922b, No. 60.
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sdyeg:ueruenqlllle 'oN'926I sJrroo'l :ueluo^I'l i6I 'oN /816I aurcV:ueruolsEl -
'('dard ur) uassrM llazsapoJ :htril 1€002 lloqrs lIg6I uossuer{erqv sanbce{) sanhptorr,,r,,,.,...
.
I?LZI'L€9GIODZINA:6IZ-q9Z /906I uueruneB,:VE6lralqeg:'tev '1961 r»s1assa14 atp suor\JaA ueado,rnl
lZZ 'Lil'ill}'I +prequqPc :z0I-0ü'II 'JJ868I allo8/rall{a» :sluerre /arnlerall'I
'errrJV 'lt t"
ur peardsapr.u are ,,r{}Eap yo a8essaur parJrsluJ,, aq} q}lm 8u1eap salel :s{reurau pue s)earq qruerq aLII I i:.
o] sallf,par aq /aarl aLIl lo -,
'[eOStV] a1p IIIM daq] uagrut 'uorlrsod snolr-rad \lLl -r r:
arue^p€ rrr MouT ]ou p1nor{s daqf +eqf papnap poD 'aroJaraql'(qerr
Jo aseq aLI] lP sa>Ieus sra: .
-a1eur dre.rodual qlrm sarual rraql parreda.r daqr) sa4rpqrsuodsar
rraql papalSau aldoad o] a"raa,r daq+ aroJaq read aqr uI (?)
)lelq auo 'a)rru o,\,\1 sp.r-.._
'alp /slle, aq se 'pue '11a,r,r ar.I: :r
'uaur Jo
lla^{ e olur s[PJ uJofIlrll . ,
sosnor{ arü para}ua }srr; q+eog .troq sr sfl{I 'raq pa18uerls aq (asrnoc
-ralur Ienxas a.r.eq o1) um.op del aqs uaqM pue 'uroorpaq pue asnoq
rar{ o} ueurom ar{+ pomollol q}eaq uodnaJaql '}I paleada; pue '8uos
s+I pa{II '-H o} paualsrl ueruo1!^. plo uV'uaru Jo sasnoq ar{} ra}ua
+ou p1p ar{ }nq 'lUtZ) SurBurs Suop pa1p,u q}paq dlrauuo4 (g) :asaurq] 19€6'oN'096I si-.
'Ir'Essrv]
_
luosduotl l :uprpuJ:1. l-_
a8essaru alrsoddo arp sra^rlap leql Ierulue ralseJ e dq ualegano sr
uoalarueqr aq+ dea,t aql ug '(tlleap rage a^II o1 anuEuot) ralarol aAII
ppoqs daql feqf suerunr.I ilat ol uoalaurer{r E }no spuas po3 (Z)
'ralaroI arp suerunq 'atuq leql a)urs 'II'I'ggglv] ]I a8ueqr ale, Jo saallap ar{} asra \r:
o+ alel ool pa^rrre fi'7ßZ1.l3op aqf pue 'sa8essaur ar{} papuno} aq1 'acrrd e q)ns .,(ed upr ,.
-uor leo8 aql +ng'deaa qql ur alrl ol anuquo) ol paqsrM darü ler{l [z isnur po8 aql 'sro^p1 .raLI ^
'16Zg] poD IIa] ol uaw dq lues se.u (aleq) leo8 y 'ralaroI parp uooru sasr^pe aH '(ruILI o1 3e1s a _.,
aql lnq /aII ol tr'm+ar pue arp s8uraqueurnq lal poD dl.raru.rog (1) ]rP,tt o]) ,{ep u1:ea auo \1 )
:saldruexg 'yleap d;ra,ra xo srq Ilas ol urrl1 sa:.
V] q]eap ,o ur8rlo aq] q]IM Suqeap sapl 'IE'f ZlX] alnlrls. -
Jo aurr+ aql ro / pu€ [Sggf
snorre^ Jo s+srsuor addl snoauellarsrlu srq1-'q+eao lo ur8ug aq7 Hn€,6 .,fta,ra 3e1s e p1) xo uE Lr-1.,-
lt9 (alIa^oN) salEJ )rlsrlEaU r8z lcc tqz)tt
W
578 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 2B.I

Remarks: Documented by Gregory of Tours, Liber in gloria martyrura (No. 1) and Finnish: Rausmaa -'i
later by Gervase of Tilbury, Otia lmperialia (dec. III). No. 190; Estonian: \.::'
Literature/Variants: HDA9 (1938 141,) 166; Hartlaub 1951,198f.; Wildhaber 1958; Fuchs 1951, No. 83; Danis
Tubach 1969, No. 147581; EM 4 (1984) 1386; EM 5 (1987) 1116; EM 6 (1990) 11.9. Holbek 1990, Nos. i ::
Finnish-Swedish: Wessman 1931, No. 460; Estonian: Aarne 1918, No. 95, Stern Christiansen 1963: F:.
1935, No. 242;Lithuanian: Dowojna-Sylwestrowicz1.894Il,41.4,Balys 1936, No. Chevalier l995tt. l\;r
3495; Swedish: Carney 1957,178; Danish: Grundwig 1854ff.I, No. 119, Feilberg 19841. \, Nos. 650, 651. C
1886ff. lII,789b, Kristensen 1892ff .ll, No. 3 (39-41, M,47-57,66-68),III, No. 984; Bulletin24(loos,:i
Icelandic: Lehmann-Filh6s 1891, 8f.; Irish: Carney 1957,179, cf. B6aloideas 59 No. 36, Ranke 1955ft. Itr. H
(1991) 83-90; Welsh: Parry-Jones 1953,103; English: Hunt 1930, 366, Baughman 2001; Austrian: HaicL:',= ,-r::
1966, No. D1311.11.1; French: S6billot 1882I,205;Dutch: Sinninghe1943,52.f., No. 1913, No. 141; Hur.i.q:.
1, Dinnissen 1993, Nos. 3,54,57,187,193,296,365;Frisi;ur: Kooi 2000b,70f .,Kooil 135ff., Dvoiäk 1978, No. {l§f
Schuster 2003, No. 106; German: Schambach/Müller 1855, 62, Toeppen 1867,33f., 1997f .1, No. 25, II, : --
\r
Strackerjan/Willoh 1909 I, Nos. 185ee, 185gg,259g, Peuckert1924,203, Deecke Krzv2anowski 19nl
1925, No. 200, Berger 2001, No. VIII C2; Austrian: Zingerle lZingerle 1891, Nos. Schulenburg 1882, li: l:.
320,321, Graber 1,944,83f .; Swiss: Müller et at.7926ff. II, No. 617;Hungarian: 1962,No.62, Mode i.,::-:
Bihari 1980, No. A IV.1. men: Reichl 1986. \r
I978; Frerrch-Cana.l r :'
934A* See Type 934. Vl, No.3J, IX, Nr,. I \ '.
can: Randolph Ia:l :-
934A** See Type 934 Flowers 1953.

9348*-934F,** See Type 934. 935* TheStepsonMarine't

his fortune. The mer
935 The Prodigal's Return. Alazy (stupid) son leaves home and dis- bad luck [N171].
sipates his fortune abroad. He becomes a soldier and asks his father
for money by sending him a (three) letter pretending to have be- Literature/Variants:
Finnish-Swedish: Aberg 1ESi. I
come a lieutenant (captain). The deception is discovered and the
Puchner 1998; ]ewish: \or- 1!
father expels his son. Through a trick (cleverness, magic) the young
Chinese: Riftin et al. 197i, \...
man makes his fortune and becomes king by marrying a princess
lL161l. 935** See Type 945A'.
Rich and mighty, he decides to return home. On the way he is
held up by robbers (he gambles away all his belongings). His com-
panions are all killed, and he himself escapes, but he has to abandon
936* The GoldetMaunta
a merchant (landlon
his royal clothes. When he reaches his parents' home in humble
labor. The meröant
clothing [K1815], his father accuses him of lying and punishes and
not be climbed. He i
humiliates him (by forcing him to tend pigs, goats, sheep, geese).
1K521.1.11. Big bird:
His wife (disguised as hermit, priest, bishop [K1837])fol1ows him,
There he slips out r
(overwhelms the robbers) and rescues him from the difficult situ-
down to the merch,
ation. He then puts on his royal clothes, refurns home, and proves
behind on the mour
his royal identity to his parents.
Through lucl«- c
Combinations: 300.
into the sea) he escr
Remarks: For a prototypical treatment of the theme, see the parable in the Nezir
ployer. When ther;
Tes t ament (Luke 1,5,11,-32). tricked into the anir
Literature/Variants: Brettschneider 1978; Solomon 1979;Moser 1981,74f .;EM 6 disclosing his ident
(1990)707-713 (D. Drascek/S. Wagner); Scherf 1995I,244+47,501-504 560-563, throw precious ston
7 44-7 46, lI, 1343-1346; Röth 1998. Then he leaves the r

t{,
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urr{ sa)elu ueru>IroM arD '}uEr{JJaru aq} o} d}puapr sn{ SursolJsrp 9 INll :' Jh I iIg6I rasor\ :._..
raUV'urelunou aq] dn par.r.rec sr pue ur»s Ierurue aq] olq pa)rrrl
sr lueqrraru aqt 'up8e urelunolu ar{l }e a^rJr_e daql uaq1,4 '.rado1d
,rrN aLI] ur alqured aql ,rr-
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580 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Combinations: 400. Remarks: Document-,i : r

Remarks: The first part of the type often occurs as an introduction to Type 400. atLren (Eustnchitts).
Literature/Variants: ChauvinL892fiVII,29ff. No. 2124; EM 6 (1990) 538-540 (U. Literature/Variant' '

Marzolph); Röth 1998; Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004, Nos. 178,230. 3278, 165 No. il C - =

Finnish: Rausmaa 1.982ff.II, No. 164;Latvian Aräjs/Medne 1977; Spanish: cf. Köhler/Bolte lE'.r" '.
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.I, No. 325A; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f. I, No. 131, 1925, No.47; Krappe ;"-
Cardigos (forthcoming); Italian: Gonzenbach 1870 I, No. 6; Maltese: Mifsud- baum 1968, 14, 4ll: - -r:-
Chircop l979;Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Hahn 1918 I, No. 15, Megas/Puchner 1998; (2002) 1,069-L074 (H. Fis.h
Russian, Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 198; Finnish: Rausmaa I:r:l
Jewish: 1ason1965,1975; Ossetian: Dawkins 1950, No. 40; Abkhaz:lakryl1975, Kecskem6ti / Päurlor.,cr-, : --
Nos. 69, 77; CheremislMari: Beke 1938, No. 45, Kecskem6ti/Paunonen1974; Christiansen 1963; S,:.: - .
MordviniarL Votyak Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;Uighur: Reichl 1986, No. 16; No. N251; Portuguese: C
Kurdish: Wentzel 1978, No. ll,Dl.ahla et al. 1989, No. 14, 28; Armenian: Gullakjan French: Delarue l'Tenize, : --
1990; Turkmen: Stebleva 1969, No. 38; Lebanese: Nowak 1969, No. 53; Iraqi: El- Zaunert 1926, 33ii . H.: r -: :- :
Shamy 1995 I, No. B31.1; Yemenite: Daum 1983, No. 13, Et-Shamy 2004; Qatar: El- ian: MNK IV; Czeci'. .

Shamy 2004; hanian: Lorimer/Lorimer 1919, No. 58, Nowak 1969, No. 53, Ca§parfkovä lqoIt I \
Marzolph l984;Egyptiary Libyan: Nowak 1969, No.53, E1-Shamy 2004;Llbyars Puchner 1998; Poli-1': :
Algerian: El-Shamy 2004; Tunisian: Stumme 1893, No. 2; Moroccan: El-Shamy SUS; Türkish: Eberhar;
1995 I, No. K1861.1; Sudanese: Frobenius 1923, No. 8, Kronenberg/Kronenberg 1965,1975,1988a, Ha':. .: -
1978, No. 13, El-Shamy 2004. No. 241, MNK X 1; .
Kamenskov 1976, \o l: l

937* See Type 934. Iraqi, Qatar: EI-Sham..

Roberts 1960; Indian: Thompsrl
937A* See Type 934.
Roberts 1960; Indonesian: \i
1974ff.1x, No.20, XX, No.1'.l
dies: Flowers 1953; Egrptia;
938 Placiilas. (Eustacius.) Placidas, a colonel of the emperor Trajary Basset 1887, No. 54, Norr ak n
hunts a dee1, between whose antlers a cross disclosed it to be Christ 2004.
in animal form. His wife has a similar vision. Both are baptized
together with their two sons. Placidas is named Eustacius, his wife 938A Misfortunes in l,b:ri,
Theopiste. youth or in old age
When Eustacius rides again to the place of the visiory the deer endure a long :erie
reappears. Christ prophesies for him a period of suffering similar to
that of ]ob. He can choose if he wishes to have the suffering now or Combination s: 7 06, 7 70.
at the end of his life [J214]. Eustacius decides to have it soon. Literature/Variants: Köh-1er I
When his servants and his animals die and all his property is 1.968, L4;E]li42 (1979) 20:_1.§
stolen, he escapes with his family to Egypt. A boatman claims his Danish: Kristensen 1881tt. I.
wife as payment for the ferry; when Eustacius crosses a river with Spanish: Camarena Laucirica
his two sons, the boys are carried off by a lion and a wolf [N251]. hrguese: Oliveira 1900f. I. \o.
1975; Greek Megas 1970. \o. -
Farmers and shepherds take the animals' prey and raise the boys.
Eberhard /Boratav 1953, \ot.
Eustacius works as farmhand.
Haboucha 1992, No. 938,\; -{l
Many years later Eustacius is found by a legation of the emperor.
They persuade him to return. lvVhen serving as colonel, he recovers
his sons and his wife by chance [N121]. The new emperor in Rome
9388 Better in Youth. \
suffer in youth or i;r
wants them to make sacrifices to idols. When they identify them-
ship in youth.
selves as Christians, the new emperor Hadrian orders them to be
The husband:e"
thrown to the lions, but the wild animals do not touch them. Then
carried offb1'a bird
they are pushed into a red-hot iron bull. Their uninjured bodies are
covers the lost mon
buried by Christians; on the grave a church is built.
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j6g61uose['996l sgaqo5/uosdruogl :uerpul 19961 silaqo5
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582 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 2E1 FFC 284

nest. He is brought before the w,idor,r.ed queen, lt ho recognizes him Remarks: The type originat*:
as her first husband. tain the original lndian struu-t:
In some Jewish variants a couple can choose if the_v rvant seven Literature/Variants:
good years now or in the future. The lr,oman decides to har.e it norv Spanish: Chevalier 1983, \o- i
in order to educate her children. They receirre money, most of r,r,hich No. 226, IV No. 85; Cr.psr-: ct.
they give a\vay as chari§.. At the end thev are told that their good 1908, No. 96, Thompson Roh
Roberts 1960, Blackburn 10l]1.
deeds have compensated for the bad years ahead.
Thai: Velder 1968, No. 70.
Literature/Variants: Wesselski 1925, No. 45; Schn,arzbaum 7968,14;Ell2 (1979)
205-208 (K. Ranke); Röth 1998. 939A Killing the Returneil
Finnish: Rausmaa 19821f.II, No. 166; Lithuanian: Kerbelvtö 7999ff.II; Danish: riches abroad and re
Bornenes Blad (1881) No.2,1, 187-792; Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; disclose his identit'.-"
Cerman: Behrend 1908, No. 14; Italian: Calvino 1956, No. 131; Slor.akian: of greed. The deei I
Ca§parikovä 1991f .I, Nos. 101, 174,FtlovälGa§parikor,ä 1993, No. 17,1; Serbian: sister) or by arr ider,t
Cajkanovi6 1929, No. 52, Djordjeviö/Mi1o§evi6-Djorctjeviö 1988, Nos. 125, t26; lN321l. Cf. Trpe 935
Macedonian: Vroclavski 79791.[, No.37, Öepenkov/Penu§liski 1989 III, No.313;
Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, No.9z18*; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas/puchner Remarks: Documented in thre .
1998; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f. I; Russian, Bvelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Literature/Variants: Köhler B
Turkish: Walker/Uysal7966,81ff.; Je'"r,ish: Jason 1965, No. 938.C, ,[ason 1975, No. Krejöi1947f.; Kosko 1961; Kos.
938*C, Jason 1988a, No.938*C, Bin Gorion 1990, No. 196; Gypsv: Mode 1983ff. III, Cheesman 1988; Dekker et ai.
No. 136; Abkhaz: BgaZba1959,273ff .; Kurdish: D2alila et a1. 19E9, No. 78; Ar.me- 876-879 (R. W. Brednich); S.hr
nian: Hoogasian-Vi1la 1966, No. 50, Levin 1982, No. 21; Syrian, Palestinian, Iraqi: Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tt. II. )
El-Shamy 2004; Indiar.r: Jason 1989, No. 938.C; Egvptian: El-Shamy 1980, No. 15, Loorits 1926, No. 939; Lithuani
El-Shamy 2004; Algerian: Frobenius 1921f1.1l-I, No. 45, Lacoste/Mouli6ras 1965 Briggs 1.970f . B I, 516f ., B II. l-;
11,397ff ., El-Shamv 2004; EastAfrican: Klipple 7992,268ff .; Sudanese: El-Shamy Volkskundig Bulletin 24 (19r':
2004. 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968. B
1940, 146f., Hen§en 1951, \o"
938* Master Discoaers Th&t the Slazte Girl He Wants to Marry is a Near Brunold-Bigler 1,9891t. tr, 6bt}.
Relatiae [T410.1]. A man (prince, farmer's son, master) intends to Czech: Tllle 1929ff. tr Z 18Of.. r1
marry a beautiful girl (slave, servant) (after having redeemed her). Greek: Megas / Puchner 1995:
She turns out to be his sister. russian, Ukrainian: SUS; U}.
1955a, 215f .; Namibian: SchrLil
Literature/Variants: DVldr 1935ff. IV No. 72. 1967, Schmidt 1977, 67f ., *hrrl
Livonian: Loorits 1926, No.938; German: Wossidlo/Neumann 1963, No.4,18,
Bechstein/Uther 1997 I 1997, No. 19; jer,r,ish: cf.
Noy 1965, No. 42, Jason 1965, No. 940 TheThree Suitorsiat
938* *A, Jason 1975, No. 938*-*A, Jasor.r 1988a, No. 938*-*A; US-American: proof of his love an,l
Baughman 1966, No. T410.1. a coffin at the cemert
angel and perform a '
939 The OffendedDeity. Aking offends a deity [C50]. He loses his king- cafiy away the cotfin
dom and his forturle [C930] and is forced to rvander for years in pretended dead ma;a
poverty. His wife is stolen from him. He must labor at menial tasks. chances of the pron-ri
Taken in and helped bv a friend, he sees a valuable necklace disap- In some variants
pear before his eyes. Knon ing he will be suspected of the theft, he venge for the trick
flees. He is bought as a slave and is ordered to thror,r, corpses into a In Swedish, Finru:
tank for a fee. His wife brings the corpse of their son. The king is jected suitors disguis
eventuallv restored to his former position. His wife (and child) are and servant to the r c
restored to him.
Combinations:. 1737, 1855A.
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584 Hans-Iörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Remarks: For an early literary version see Boccaccio, Decamerone (IX,L). Literature/Variants : Chau,,i
Literature/Variants: Schwarz 191,6;PaulilBolte'1924I, No.220; Kasprzyk1963, Wesselski 7936, 82; Schwi
No. 2; EM 8 (1996) 1.387-1391(M. van den Berg). MacDonald 1982, No. i711.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.I1, No. 168; Firrnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f.I, No. 194; Gier); Müller 1999; \/erta,c-
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Estonian: Aame 1918; Lithuanian: Basanaviöius/ 2004, No. 263.
Aleksynas 1993f .Il, No. 158, Kerbelytö 1999ff.II; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Irish: Spanish: Goldberg 199E, \o.
Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansenlg63;French: Delarue/Tendzel964ff.IV 2; Spanish: E,l;I2(1979) 289; Czech: Dr-c
Espinosa 1988, Nos. 272-275, Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.IV; Catalan: Oriol/ No.6.
Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900f.I, No. 174, Cardigos (forthcoming); Dutch:
Kooi 2003, No.70; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer lg6S,MeyerlSinninghe 944* "Easy Come, Eas\
1,973,Lox 1999a, No. 48; German: Peuckert 1932, No. 206, Moser-Rath 1964, No. off by an inundati
119, Neumann 197'1., No. 139; Swiss: Büchli/Brunold-Bigler Il, 904ff.;
1,989ft.
Or, the ort-r
Italian: Cirese/Serafini1975; Corsican: Ortoli 1883, 258 No.5; Hungarian: MNK
away by water
IV, Dömötör 1992, No.432; Slovakian: Polivka 1,9231f.1Y,2811.,464f.; Rumanian:
Schullerus 1928; Polish: KrzyLanowski 1962f. I; Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish: now has gone e
Cvetinoviö 1959,1.54ff.; Palestinian, Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Spanish-American:
Robe 1973, No. 1730*C; Egyptian, Algerian: E1-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Laoust Remarks: Popular as a pr
1949, No. 89; South African: Coetzee et al. 1967, No. 326.4.1. Literature/Variants:
Livonian: Loorits 1926, \
Vröevit 1868f. I, No. il, o
940* The Forgioen Debt. Afarmer finds a sum of money which belongs to
1965, Haboucha 1992, \rr
several gentlemen. With it he pays off the debt on his land. After ten
years he confesses his guilt and wants to repay their money. They let
him keep it all [Q68.2].
945 Luck andlntelli
ent forms. The
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 1968, 98, 46L.
commonwithou
Finnish-Swedish: Hackman1.917l.I, No. 195; Lithuanian: Kerbelytö'L999ff.Il; dilemma tales a
German: Wossidlo/HenßenL957, No. 124; Ukrainian: SUS; Jewish: Jason 1965, The outer tre
1988a. which is the mt,
is endowed rr-ith int
944 King for aYear.In a certain city it is the custom that a stranger who mute princess, rrho:
is not familiar with its laws is made king. At the end of his reigo all speak [H343].
his possessions are taken from him and he is banished to an island. The clever sheph
A wise man (who has been warned about this custom) arranges 1F954.2.7, 276.17 \e.E
to send everything that he will need to the island (has a city built night together. The c
there), before his banishment [J711.3]. the clergyman animi
In some variants a dying ruler gives his son a golden ball (apple), the girl belong? [F{t,
telling him to give it to the greatest fool whom he can find. The son When the prince
decides to give it to a king who is willing to be banished after reign- jects or animals rshs
ing for ayear. the princess to conü
Sometimes the gift reminds the king to arrange for money, pos- Types 559, 571-;7+.
sessions, and food to be taken to the place where he will be banish- But the king retu
ed. Cf. Type 1531. demns him to death-
Luck is more porr-er
Remarks: Oriental origin. Parable of Barlaam and loasaph. European versions are
documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. |acques de Vitry Sermones oulgares (Jacques Combinations: This $"pe is uu-ru
de Vitry / Crane, No. 9), Gesta Romanorum (nos. 74, 224), Johantes Gobi ]unior, types, esp. 653, and also 35. 5
Scala coeli (No. 135). Further literary treatment, see Alain Ren6 Lesage, Ailequin Literature/Variants: BP Itr, 5-i-
roi de Serendib (1723). 638*640 (L. Bergel); Schrr-arzL';
baum1979, xliv not. 53; L\I 5 r
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sr sal€+ el'ulualrp lasur qlr.^ aureq ssarurrd lualrs aqJ 'surroJ +ua
-ralJlp ur srnr)o addl apl alerauroy8uot s1tq7'acua31fiaruI puu lcn1 gn6
1a1 ,{aq1 'dauotu rraql ,ied;.
ual rauv'puel srLI uo lqat :
:
uos,I qsr^af 10 r' o N r 8z z z' oN't sBZ't€ 6r rrrr,3lr9;;ry;f 9ii :1ffi;51;:3fi o1 sBuolaq ultrq,tt ,{auour .
'Jr :uErqras 16f 'oN 'q9961 uueunaN :upluraD 1116 'oN t9z6l stttoo-I:ueruo^r.I
:slueue^/arnlErallT 'I'V 9a:
'aserqd prqra.r.ord u su rulndo4 :slrcrua5 lsnoPl :uPJJOJol :t00.
:uPfrraurV-t.l\lued5 ltrg6- _
',,Xpsea auo8 serl a,rou :qsr{rnJ lSnS :uErurErl-l -
:uPruerunu !1t9, ,.llBZ,_\I
1r os 'dpsea aureJ lr sy,, 'sdes JaqleJ lnq X.r.ros 1ou sr Jalem dq Xerra,e
;151 141 :uer"reBunH 1E
.oN, ,,
auJoq sr +eql uorssassod pa.rrnbce-lpsea ue Jo raumo aq+ 'JO :l
ra18rg-p.1 1 _1
'[SZ^ ] aru4 alor{a,r. er{} sapprJ aH 'eas aql Jo uor}Epunur ue dq go :'ytOA 'U'116g6l
'oN'196I rllPlJ-rasoy{'glr;
perrrec are asnoq all+Il s1r{ pue uerJrsnur y ,,io) frsaa'aruo3 frsoX,, *il6 aq8uruu15/"ra,{a61 ,9o6 I -
:qrlnq 1(Sunuorqlroy) soSr;- - .
'9'oN :uEIEteJ .lJg-60
.^I
'il6nl96gl f,lsreqzpr.I :rreuerv 11062 'oN'g16l I9{o^C :r{)azJ lOgZ(OtOt)ZlNl /lolro - -.
:qsrued5 lZ L1. fitg1lazQuJi
:ueruraD le' ttZI' oN' 9661 p we3naN :ueIelEJ 1€' IIl' oN' 9661 ß rc qpp3 :qsrued5 :LISrrI aI96I uelu8unrl :qs i : :
'tgz'oN'ü002
/snrJr^euespg :ueruenll+ll,
uamnaal uen/qdlozreW !lgl9; (OOOZ) Oi uo{rxalrasse, nn !6661 ralgryq 1(rarp iF6I oN'I'lll6luelu))EH -;: :
'V) 6eb-9e7 G,66I) I17qgi:ItüI /986I uueur1t{o+S!t'LI1I 'oN'286I pleuocrelN
!1062 'oN '696I \teqn7 !rV, 'LZ tg96l vrneqzrE.tr1rs lzg '9861 DISIassaM '9961 n\ztdsey igZZ .oN .l ::.
1'J089'I '11868l a11og/;a§9) 1I0I 1[ '6v'il'll1,69l ur^ner{J :slueue^/arn}era}I'I '(L,XI) auo.Lautnae r.-- .
989 (ale^oN) saleJ )rlsrlee5 ,BZ trCd ,82 ICC
586 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28,1 FFC 284

187-189; Röth 1998; Hansen 2002,478481,. leabhäin/ Christiansen 1963: S

Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Lithuanian: Kerbelytöl999ff.II; Danish: Grundtvig 1,199f ., Cardigos (forthcc'nrur
l876ff.I[,136ff.; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; Portuguese: Martinez Frisian: Kooi 1984a" No.9{5-{
1955, No. D435.1.1; German: Ranke 1955ff. III; Czech: Tll1e L929ff .Il 1,, L01,ft.; 1955ff . lII, No. 935**, Bedr-cteir
Slovakian: Polivka 19231f.Iil, No.36; Macedonian: cf. Öepenkov/Penu§liski 1989 35,MNK IV No. 946C*, Seöu
III, Nos. 318,319. Rumanian: Schullerus 1928;Bulgarian: cf. BFP, Nos. *559*, No. 28, Sulji( 1968, a2tr ; Rrmu
*945A;
Greek: Klaar 1970,82tr., Megas/Puchner 1998, Nos.
*6539 945; Ukrainian: No. 935**; Albanian: Leskien ;
SUS; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 290; Jewish: Noy 1965, No. 25, lason Megas 1968a, Nos. 25, -37. \te
1965,1975; Kurdish: DZalilaet aL.1989, Nos.26, 27,99,L00;Armenian: Gullakjan Bazanov / Alekseev 196{. \c,-
1990;Tadzhlk: Grjunberg/Steblin-Kamenskov 1976, Nos.43, A4;Brryat:Lödncz 1965, Noy 1965, No. 71, -Ia-.or
1979, No. 182; Georgian: Kurdovanidze2000; Syrian: El-Shamy 2004, No. 653C§; MNK X 1, No. 946C"; Geor5u
Palestinian: Nowak 1969, Nos. 119, L52, El-Shamy 2004, No. 653C§; Iraqi: El- 2004; Indian: ]ason 1989, \os-
Shamy 2004, Nos. 653C§, 945;lordanian, Kuwaiti, Qatar, Yemenite: El-Shamy F{ansen 1952 No. '*939; Dt-r
2004, No. 653C§; Saudi Arabian: Nowak 1969, Nos. 119,L52, El-Shamy 2004, No. Shamy 2004, Nos. 9+54'.9{
653C§; Iranian: Marzolph 1984, Nos.
*653C,945; Pakistani: Thompson/Roberts 946C*; Ghanaian: Schott 199-r
1960; Indian: Thompson/Balys 1958, No. H343, Thompson/Roberts 1960, lason
1989; Chinese:Ting1978; Indonesian: Vries 1925f. II, No. 184; Spanish-American: 946C" See Type 9,15A-.
Robe 1973; Dominican: Hansen 1957, No. 853**C; West Indies: Flowers 1953;
Egyptian: El-Shamy 1980, No. 7,El-Sharny 2004, Nos. 653C§, 945; Tunisian: EI- 946D* See Type 945A-.
Shamy 2004, Nos. 653C§, 945; Algerian: Nowak 1969, No. 119, EI-Shamy 2004,
No. 653C§; Moroccan: Laoust 1949, No. 65, El-Shamy 2004, No. 653C§; Sudanese:
Nowak 1969, No. 269,El-Sharny 2004, Nos. 653C§, 945.
947 The Man Follo-rred
jumps into a rir-er tr
by fishermen rrho
945A* Money andEortune. (Including the previous Types 935**, 946C*, and
consciousness, nori
946D..) Money and Fortune (Luck and Blessing) test their power on
him [N253].
a poor man. The one who can make him richest will be the winner.
Money gives the man money. Soon (three times) he loses all the Literature/Variants: Kirchhot
money (when he is stung by wasps or because he hides it in a pot 1.9; cf .BP 11,290; BP Itr, 2SPt.:
where his wife finds it and spends it). With Fortune's help he finds 27 2; Schw ar zbaum 1979. iLr,
the money again. From then on the manbelieves in Fortune and be- Danish: Nielssen/Bsdker n9:
comes wealthy. Fortune has won the bet because where there is no Irish: Ö Stiilteabhäin,l Chrl.h
good fortune, money is worth nothing [N183]. Cf.Type736. Dj ordj eviö / Milo§evi(-Djoröe
In some variants the frame tale is missing. A poor man (rope- Greek: Megas/Puchler 19!":
make1, beggar) is given a sum of money three times. Two times he Jewish: Jason 1965, 1975; Kr.rrc
1.82ff ; Kalirnyk: Lörincz 1 9i9:
loses the money because of un{ortunate circumstances (a bird carries .

No. 130; Syrian: E1-Shamr"-1-114

it away; his wife unwittingly sells the pot where it is hidderu he ac- Kahle 1918f. I, No. 60; traqi" (
cidentally drops it in the river; he forgets the hiding place). The third
dian: Jason 1989; ]apanese: Iru
time he recovers everything because of lucky circumstances, or he 13, El-Shamy 2004; Tunl<ian- -
finds his fortune in an object which to all appearances seemed
worthless (he receives a fish in whose belly a diamond is hidden) 947A BadLuckCannotb
[N183, Na21] (cf. Type736). (Previously Types 935** and946D*.) 947 A*-947C*. ) A p'a
side (bridge) rr-here
Literature/Variants: ChauvinlS92ff . VI,31f. No. 202,44f. No.209; Basset 1924ff.
reaches that place. i
I, 263 No. '14; Schwarzbaum 1968,261,-264; Schwarzbaum L979, 500,502 not.9;
Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 2004, Nos. 96,352. when he lr'alks l artr
Finnish: Löwis of Menar 1922, No. 2, Rausmaa1982fl.II, No. 163; Finnish-Swed- stumbles again-st th
ish: Hackman 1917 I, No. 192; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977, Nos. 935**, *9458*) 1N3s1.2, Q341. Cf. T
Lithuanian: Aleksynas 1974, No. 76, Kerbelytö 1.999f1. II, No. 946D*; Danish: ln Chinese varia
Skattegraveren 8 (1887) 113ff., No. 491; Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Irish: Ö S,iit-
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5BB Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

because he is too lazy to sweep away the dust that covers the gold. To identify the thiet.
(Previously Type 842.) ter but orders her tc
In some variants the man is follorved by bad luck. (Previouslv one tells her abor-lt t
§pe 9474..) hold him fast [K45
When the thietr'
Combinations: 8t11, 945A., and 947. whereuponhemark
Literature/Variants: Basset 1924ff . III, 532 No. 323; Pauli / Bolte 19241, No. 327; brings along hls ,Je
Schr,r,arzbaum 7968, 77, 259f ., 261, 266f ., 276, 477; EM 5 (1987) 1305-1312 (E.
seizes). Impres-r:l b
Blum).
Finnish: Rausmaa 79821f . Il, No. 170; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Spanish:
he will gir"e hi-s daur
Chevalier 1983, No. 72, Camarena / Chevalier 7995f1. IV No. 917 A* ; Catalan: is honored as the rr
Oriol/Pujol 2003, No. 947A"; Portuguese: Parafita 2001f. I, 102f., Cardigos
(forthcoming); German: Wolff (1702) 259f, Kobolt (7717) 397 (EM archive); Italian: Combinations: This tr?e Li c:
Cirese/SerafiniL975; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No.3353*; Serbiarr: Vröevii 1868f. Il, 954, 1525, 1.525 A, 1525D. n rl_5
l4q[., Karad2ic 1q37, No.35, Diordjer iö Miloier ii-Djordjeviö lqB8. Nos. 127,128: Remarks: Documented in :lx
Croatian: Bo§kovi6-Str-rLLi1963, No. 55; Macedonian: Öepenkov r Penu§iiski 1989 northern Africa, later in a rlc:
L i teratu re/Variants: Chau r-ir
II, No. 194, III, No.317; Bulgarian: Parpulova/Dobrer,'a 1982,259f., Daskalova et
al. 1985, No. 132, cf. No. 133, BFP; Albanian: Jarnft 1B90ff .,264f.; Creek: Megas 198+11, No. 17d, esp. 2ü3: BF I
1956f.1, No.34, Megas/Puchner 1998, Nos.947A, 947A*; Russian: Strickland Schwarzbaum 1968, 91; Tühai
Bvelorussian: Dobrovol'skij 1891ff. I, 669 No. 1; Turkisl-r: Eberhard/
1.907, 71.ft.; lexikon 2 (1980) 86-48 (J, \ierr
Boratav 1953, No. 131; Jelr.ish: Noy 1963a, No. 104, Jason 1965, Nos. 842, 9,17A, Dekker et al. 1997,231-l-i5: R
947A., Noy 1968, Nos.6,1,67, Jason 1988a, Nos. 947A,947A*, Haboucha 1992; 357 -37 1 ; EM 77,2 (2004 ) 5-ii-{
Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. I, No. 64; Kurdish: DLahla et al. 1989, Nos. 72, 86; Aramaic: Finnish: Rausmaa 19821t. II ]
Arnold 1994, No. 2; Syrian, Palestinian, Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/ 197; Estonian: Aarne 1915: tr-.rr
Balys 1958, No. N351.2, cf. Tar-rscher 1959, No. 11, Thompson/Roberts 7960,102; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1ffi .
Burmese: Kaseviö/Osipov 7976, No. 7.1; Chinese: Ting 197E; Cambodiar.r: cf. Caudes 1984; Danish: Kristensen 1t5l
1987, No.37; Indonesian: Vries 7925f.1I, No.99; Egvptian, Algerian, Moroccan: Irish: Ö Stiilleabhäin, Chrrl.a;
E1-Shamy 2004; Tunisian: El-Shamr..2004, No. 947C*. Spanish: Camarena,/ fher-aje
Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oli";ei
Kooi 1984a; German: Ranlie ^-:
947A--947C* See Type 947A.
1953,469; Italian: Cirese Sera:
Chircop 1978; Hungaria-n: \L\
949* See Type 888A.. 1996; Maced onian : Cepenlio'.'
1,928 ; Bulgarian: BFP; A-it' ad;
Greek: Mousaios-Bougioulic
ROBBERS AND MURDERERS 950-969 Krzy2anowski 19 6X - l; Rus:a:
1953,No.342; ]ewish: Ja-son trE
Paunonen 1974; Armeniar,- Gu
950 Rhampsinitus. Two thieves (architect and sory two sons of the archi- 1962 No. 207;Burvat, \Io:lgo
tect) rob the king's treasury where a stone in the wall had intention- Syrian: Prym-Socin 18E1. \u..
ally been left loose [K315.1]. The entry-ho1e is discovered by a ruse Iraqi, Saudi Arabian: \orra-k i
[J1143]. The king sets a trap and captures one of the thieves [K730]. 1969, No. 407;Oma+ Kurram-
At his request, his companion cuts off his head so that his identity 1984; Indian: Tauscher 19-;9. i:
can be concealed [K407.1]. 88; Sri Lankan: Thompson Ro
The thief's body is carried through the streets [111.42.4) in order nese: Ikeda 1971; Polrnesia:r: I.
to identify his relatives (and consequently him) by their reactions. Robe 1973; Dominican, Chile;
1953; Cape Verdian: Parsoru. X:
The thief's mother is not able to bear her grief and asks her remain-
1969, No. 407, El-Shaml-r]t-r
ing son to bring the corpse home. He manages to steal the corpse by
Shamy 2004; South.A,rrican: C
disguising himself and by getting the king's guards drunk [K332].
 '[ZeE»]
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,{q asdror aql lpJlq ol -:: . .
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590 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

951A The King and the Robber. (Including the previous Types 9518, 951C,
and 951,4."). Cf. Types 950,7525. This tale exists chiefly in four dif-
ferent forms:
(1) A ruler, roaming about incognito (during the night), meets
some robbers [K1812.2]. They boast of their extraordinary abilities
and qualities: One can open any door, one understands the language
of dogs, and one recognizes any person he has seen once, etc. The
king then states that he can save any person from the gallows.
Together they rob the royal treasury. When the robbers are captured
the next day, the king makes his statement come true. (Previously 9518 See Type 951
Types 951C and 951A*.)
(2)A man (king, bishop, clergyman) is warned that he will die if 951C See Type 951
he does not perform robberies. He does so, and meets a robber (often
a man of honor, cf. [3] below) from whom he learns that he himself 9514* See Type 951
would be murdered. They both exchange their identifying marks
(caps, clothes) and meet again later. The läader of the conspiiators is
then forced to poison himself. His accomplices are punished and the
robber is rewarded. (Previously Type 9518.)
(3) A robber (soldier) can open any door with a certain magic
object, but he only steals the profit that merchants have earned
unjustly [K1812.2.1]. The king wonders about the robber's wealt]r,
disguises himself, and joins him. While robbing the royal treasury
the robber prevents the king from stealing (criticizes his greed). The
next day the king discloses his identity and rewards the robber for
his honesty. (Previously Type 951,4..)

Rem.arks: Variant (1) was documented in the 13th century by the Persian-speak-
ing Öaläloddin Rumi, Mas-naoi-ye ma'nazi (V1,2816-292i). Variant (2) is tiaced
back to the chivalric novel Karel ende Elegast (12. 11,3. Jahrhundert). Variant (3)
seems to be an independent popular version of an episode from Karel ende Elegast.
Literature/Variants : BP lll,
3931. ; B asset 19241f. II, 383 No. 1 1 0; Verf asserlexikon
4 (1983) 999-1002,1019 (H. Beckers); EM 8 (1996)
-t67-171(U.
Marzolph); Dekker
et aL.1.997,339-344.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, Nos. 172-174; Finnish-swedish: Hackman 1,917t.1, EM 8 (1996) 175-178 tH
No. 198; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977,No.9518; Estonian: Aarne 1918, Nos. 951A" Finnish: Rausmaa 195't
9518; Lithuanian: Basanaviöius/Aleksynas1993f.I, No. 11, II, Nos. 154, 172,
No. 199; Latvian: Aräjs
Kerbelytö 1,999ff.II, No. 951B; Lappish, Wepsian: Kecskemdti/Paunonen1974; 1999ff . lI; Lappish: Qri g
Swedish: Liungman 1961; Danish: Kristensen 1881ff. ry No. 81, Levinsen/Bodker Kecskem6ti/Paunonen
1958, No.34; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.IY; German: Ranke 1955ff. III,
Danish: Bodker 1964, \
Grimm DS/Uther 1993 II, No. 571, Berger 2001, Nos. 951A, 95lC; Austrian:
Haiding 1965, No. 145; Hungarian: MNK No.9514; Czech: T1lle1929ff.l,L31f.;
Delarue / Tenöze 196.$t I
Chevalier 1995ft. n-. G
Polish: Krzy2anowski1962f.I; Sorbian: Schulenburg 1880,40f., Nedo 1956, No. Sinninghe 1943, Kooi l,lt
80; Russian: SUS, Nos.951,A,9518, cf. No.951D*; Byelorussian: SUS, No.9518;
1999b, No. 150; German
Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 951A,9518; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 344; Berger 2001; Italian: C
Jewish: Larrea Palacin 1952f.1, No. 5, Jason 1965, Nos. 9518,951,A*,Jason1975, 305; Slovakiaa: Ga§parß
1988a No. 9518, Habouchal992, Nos. 951C, **9518*; Gypsy: MNK X 1, Nos. 951-
No. 36; Croatiaa: Bo§kor
953, 951A-C;Abkhaz: §akryl 1975, No. 51; Uighur: Kabirov / Schachmatov 1959,
470f.; Polish: Krzrzano'
45ff.; Cheremis/Mari: Paasonen/Siro1939, No.4; Kurdish: Wentzel 1978,No.25;

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592 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

russian, Ukrainian: SUS; Gypsy: Mode 1983ff. IV, No.238, MNKX 1; Cheremis/ [D1]r- - i
Mari, Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4. antl :,:- .t -
honr.
952* A Sausage and a Reoolaer. When attacked, a man (woman) scares I =--
robbers by aiming a sausage at them as if it were a revolver. Later he hi::r- -.
boasts of the event at an inn. bri-t:-.t: . . -
The robbers hear this and plan to attack the man again. The bea:-... - -
innkeeper secretly lends the man a gun. When the robbers begin the:.., -.----
their second attack, the man shoots them. COf'r':: - -

Literature/Variants:
.':
*952**; fin.t :.---
Finnish: Rausmaa l982ff.II, No. 177; Latvian: cf. Aräjs/Medne1977, No.
hi.::-.,' -'-
Lithuanian: Kerbelytö L999ff.II; Scottish: Bruford/MacDonald 1994, No. 90;
German: Berger 2001, No. 952**; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1,962f.I.
Th.' r. ---
\\ tlL'-i - -

953 The Robber and His Sozs (previotsly The Old Robber Relates Three 1.t.1 c:- '

Adztentures). An old robber has to tell three of his most dangerous Srrll'.a -

adventures to the queen (king) in order to free his three captured atl.i:--.
sons [R153.3.3, I1185]. She -=.. -

The first is the legend of Odysseus and Polyphemus (cf. Type

1137), inwhich he represents himself as the hero (who overpowers -1.;.
ghost-like cats). ,,1 .._, .

The second tells how he saved a child who was to be slaughtered cit tt. :. - -
\t
by its mother and cooked and devoured by an ogress. To fool the ''' '' '

ogress he had to hang himself on gallows among other corpses and -

allow the ogress to cut pieces of flesh from his body [K527].
Combination-
Remarks: I-. :'..
The third adventure is a continuation of the second and tells how
Literature,,'\ aria r. :.
he himself was nearly devoured by the ogress. ln the end he restores BP III, 13; 1-tr :,.
the child (and its mother) to its father. Because of his good deed the HDXI l (l:':-- -
queen frees his three sons and rewards him [Q53]. Schu a r;,h.r rr .r' :
In some variants the rescued child turns out to be the queen's 123-l2s; \\.rl::'.
child. lll2i.; Dvl 1., r,
65-o.:\lar,,' .:"
Remarks: Early version see johannes de Alta Silva, Dolopathos (No. 6). f inni.lr: R. r'.r:-. . .-
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bolte 1898ff.1,1,81-1,84; Hackman 1904;BPIII,369- q5+-; Lir r ;r .
378; Wesselski 1925, No. 29;\tbach 1969, No. 4505; Granger L977,No. a.2.10; EM 676, 9a1 -!l:-i'
". ' -
r

1,0 (2002) 342-345 (H. Lox). Karelian.:\

Swedish: Liungman 1961; Scottish: Campbell 1890ff. I, Nos. 5-7; bish: 0 1961, \os. o-.: ::-
Süilleabhäin/Christiansen1,963; Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. K527;Italian: No. I l-l: F.r. '
Cirese/Serafini 1975; Slovakian: Ga§parikovä 1991f. l, No. 331; Polish: lri*h:O:Lr r !.-' .

Krzy2anowski 1962l.I; Ukrainian: cf. SUS, No.953*; English-Canadian: Halpert/ 1964fi Ii, \rr :-- -
Widdowson 1.99 6 II, Nos. 62-64; Spanish-American: TFSP 34 (19 67 ) 103ff . 676, Conz.jl. -.
676,1\-. \,,. -:-
954 The Eorty Thieoes. (Ali Baba.) (Including the previous Type 676.)The lq00f. l, \o l-
tale consists of two parts: 676, Kooi ltrall \; i - - '
(1) A poor man (woodcutter) witnesses robbers entering into a 1968, Nos. 6, i-. -::= -,.
253, cf . Lrinrr: :.:
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594 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Brunold-Blgl er 2002, No. 124; Italian: Cirese / Serafi ni 7975, Nos. 676, 954, Appari Combinations: This hpe
1992, No. 38, De Simone 1994, No. 62; Corsican: Ortoll 1883, 137 No. 20, N{assignon types, esp. 9568, and aL<
1963, Nos. 24,77;Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini, Nos.676,954; Maltese: Mifsud- Literature/Variants: BP L
Chircop 1978, Nos. 676,954; Hungarian: MNK II, No. 676, IV, No. 954; Czech: Tille 1 988a; Bottigheimer 19SS

792911.1,5t.,36tt.; Slovakian: Ga§parikor,ä 7991t.L Nos.43, 102, 143,165, II, Nos. et al. 1997,312f.; Röth X
473, 580; Slovene: Gabr§öek 191.0, 28011.; Bosnian: Krauss / Burr et al. 2002, No. 49; (2003) 348-353 (C. C,otdi
Bulgarian: BFP, Nos. 676,954, Koceva 2002, Nos. 676,954; Albanian: Camaj / Finnish: Rausmaa 19S'tt.
Schier-Oberdorller 1974, No. 14; Greek: Dau'kins 1953, No. 52, Megas/Puchner 200; Estonian: Aarne 191
1998, Nos. 676,954; Polish: cf. Krzvzanor.r.ski 1962f. I, No.676; Russian, B-velo- Lithuanian: Kerbelvte 1
russian, Ukrainian: SUS, No. 676; Turkish: Eberharcl/Boratar, 1953, Nos. 153 III, Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1
779 IlI,369 lll; Jewish: No,v 1963a, No. 35, jason 1965, 1975, Haboucha 1992, No. Danish: Kristensen 1 69ia
67 6; Gvpsv: MNK X 1, Nos. 67 6, 954 Cheremis / Mari: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen Christiarr sen 1 963; EngJi<
1974, No. 676, Sabrtov 1989, No. 676; Mordvinian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974, 446ff ., B Tr, 263ff ., 353ü.; F
No. 676; Syrian: Nor,r''ak 1969, No. 142, El-Shamrr 2004, Nos. 676,951; Palestinian: Chevalier 1995ff. I\-; Du
Patai 1998, No. 15, E1-Shamy 2004, No. 676;Iraqi Nor,r,ak 1969, No. 1:12, El-Shamv 1984a; Flemish: Mever li
200,1, Nos. 676,954; Saudi Arabian: Fadel 1979, No. 41, El-Shamv 200,1, No. 676; 3, Grimm KHMlUther tr
Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; lndian: Thompson/Roberts 1960, Nos. 676, 95,1, Jason Haiding 1969, Nos. 1{. o
1989, No.676; Chinese: Ting 1978, Nos.676,954; Korean: Choi 1979, No.676; Italian: Cirese /Seratini 1,
Japanese: Ikeda 1971, 163; Filipino: Wriggles'rvorth 1981, No. 26; Polvuesian: Klimovä 1966, No.25; Slc
Kirtley 1971, No. N455.3; Engtish-Canadian: Fauset 1931, No. 12; French-Cana- Bulgarian: BFP; Greek i
dian: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ff .ll, No.676; US-American: Baughman 1966; Span- Russian, Byelorussian- L
ish-American, Mexican: Robe 1973, Nos. 676, 954; Dominican: Hansen 1957, Nos. Ar, 274ff., A II, 375ff-" i:
676, 676.* A, 676-"8; Puerto Rican: Hansen 7957, No. 676; Bolivian, Chilean: 197 4; Sy rian, Palestinian
Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.lII, No. 676; Brazilian: Alcoforado/A1bän 2001, No. 1958, No. K1916, ]a,sor I
40; West Indies: Flowers 1953, Nos. 676, 954; Cape Verdian: Parsons 1923b I, Nos. Nos. 65, 66; US-Amenc
1, 3; Egyptian, Tunisian, Algerian: E1-Sham,v 2004, Nos. 676, 951; Moroccan: E1- Shamy 2004; Namitrian- I

Shamy 2004, No. 676; East African, Sudanese, Congolese: Klipple 7992,No.676;
Nigerian: Schild 1975, No. 60. 9558* TheWoman aa
drery loses her
955 TheRobberBridegroom [K1916]. Arobber (murderer, ogre) disguis- flesh. Thev cot
ed as a rich man r,r,oos the daughter of a miller (princess) r'r,ho agrees along the rr-ar'.
to marry him. The bridegroom asks his bride to pay him a visit in his
castle in the forest. Literature/Variants:
She sets out before the arranged time, marking the path rvith Latvian: Smits tgO:n-" \
peas [R135] or ashes (the bridegroom has marked the n ay). When Cerman: Berger 2001. \c
she reaches a house, animals (bird) r,r.,arn her that it is a house of 452, SU S; Ukrainian: SL-S :

murderers and that she should go back (she gives food to r,r,atch 1974.

dogs in order not to be betraved). She {inds corpses in the house.

When she hears the robbers cor.rring, she hides. Her bridegroom (the 956 TheHotChamh
robbers) brings in a young \vomall, kilIs her, and cuts her into pieces. Cut off One bu
Her finger with a golden ring on it falis into her hiding place. Type 956A.lA
The bride runs away at night and finds her lr,ay home safelv pens to enter a
(with the help of the marks on the path) n here she reports to her where humart i
family r,t,hat she has seen. When the bridegroom comes to marry her, the robbers rer
she recounts her adventure to her guests as a dream. As proof she other [K912]ar
shows the severed ring (Iinger) 1H57.2.11. The robbers are arrested
Combinations: 304, -]1tr,
and condemned or killed. (The house of the robbers is destroyed,
Literature/Varianb: Cha
their treasure is distributed, and the girl marries alrother man.) Cf. 329; Simonsuuri 1955.
Tvpe 311.
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596 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff. II, No. 180; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne L977, No. 9564;
Lappish: Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974 No.956A; Danish: Kristensen 1898, No. 15;
Scottish: Briggs1970f .811,16f.,274f.;English: Briggs 1,970f. A1,307, AIl,375,B
II,274f .,370ff.; Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/ChristiansenL963, Nos. 956, 9564; Dutch:
Janissen 198-J.,93; Frisian: Kooi 1984a; Flemish: Meyer 1968; German: Cammann
1957,227f.; Swiss: cf. Wildhaber/Uffter1971., No.49; Ladinian: Decurtins 1,896fL
XIY,41u; Italian: Cirese/Serafirrttg7s, Nos. 956, 956A; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini;
Maltese: Mifsud-Chircop1978; Slovakian: GaSparikovä 19911.[, No.417; Serbian:
cf. Panit-Surep 1964, No. 36; Bulgarian: BFP, No. 956A; Greek Megas/Puchner
1998, Nos. 956,956A; Russiary Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS, Nos. 956,9564;
Turkish: cf. Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 374Y;Iewish: Iason 1965; Gypsy: Briggs
1970f. AI,307, AIl,375; Kurdish:Di,alllaet aL.1989, Nos. 21, 74;Uzbek: Afzalov
et al. 1.963 II, 402ff .; Syrian, Palestiniary Iraqi, Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; Indian:
Thompson/Roberts 1960, Jason 1989; |apanese: Ikeda197L, No. 9564; Chinese:
Ting1.978; Egyptian: El-Shamy 2004, Nos. 956,956A; Algerian, Moroccan: El-
Shamy 2004.

955A See Type 956.

9568 The Clezter Maiden Alone at Home Kills the Robbers. A daughter
(servant, three daughters) of a mil1er (farmer, merchanf innkeeper, See Tr-;.6 '-1;
ruler) stays alone in the house at night (tower in the sea, treasury of
her father). When a crowd of (twelve) robbers enters the house 956D
through a window, she cuts their heads off one by one and pulls
their bodies inside [K912]. The leader of the robbers is wounded but
is able to escape.
In revenge he comes back disguised as a noblemarL woos the girl
[Q411.1], and leads her to his house in the forest. He discloses his
identity by the scar that he got from the girl's attack and tells her to
expect a cruel death. She escapes (with the help of the robber's moth-
er, maidservant, boy), and hides herself in a tree (in the cargo of a Literature/Variants: Schn
carriage) where the robbers search in vain. Finally she reaches home Finnish: Rausmaa 198x. nI
1977 ; LiLh u anal : Kerbelr=
safely. The robbers'house is found and the robbers are punished.
Chevalier lggiff .I\'; Ca'.'
No. 416, Cardigos (forthcc
Combinations: This type is usually combined with episodes of one or more other
types, esp. 955, and also 311, 31.2,363,954, and'1.685.
l964ff .M; German: Ku-:
Ilg 1906 II, No.
80, \,tif-<u,l-
Literature/Variants: BP l, 373-375; Anderson L927ft. II, Nos. 36, 5ll. Rockwell
cf . Djordjeviö / Milo§eri€-EI
1984; Scherf 1995I,66M67,1I,807-809,904-906; EM 8 (1996) 139L-L400 (I. Köhler-
Krzy2anowski 1961t, I \
Znlch); Dekker et aL.1997,91f.; Röth 1998.
Finnish: Rausmaa l982Lf.II, No. 181; Finnish-Swedish: Hackman 1917f. I, No.
1953, No. 261; Jer.r'ish: \c,
1961,505ff .; Syrian, Jordar-r
201; Estonian: Aarne 1918, Nos. 953*,955*; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1977;Llthu-
II, No. 112, Muhan"i,, Kan-a,
anian: Kerbelytel999ft.II; Lappislr, Wepsian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974;Swed-
ish: Bondeson 1886, 167; Norwegian: cf. Christiansen 1958, No. 8025; Danish: Qatar: El-Shamy 2004; trc
Grundtvig 1,854ff.III, No. 77;Faeroese: Nyman 1984; Icelandic: Sveinsson 1929,
No. 82, Jason 1989; Spar
Egyptian, Tunisian, A.lsen:
Boberg 1966, No. K912; Scottish: McKay 1940, No. 13, Bruford/MacDonald1994,
No. 97; South African: Sc.L.
No. 89; Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: Briggs 19701.lr_I1,89,
171f.; French: Delarue/Tendze1.964IL IV 2; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.
IV; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Oliveira1900L I, No.43, Cardigos (forthcoming); 956A*-956D* See Trle 9
Dutch: Sinninghe 1943, Volkskundig Bulletin 24 (1998) 321, Kooi 2003, Nos. 51,
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raqlo JroLu lo JUo Jo \:f' -
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/€86I ra{€^ar{3 :qsruedg :l.ilOOOtald1aq.ra; lueqe:nqll-ll66l
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I'II
-Llloru s,raqqor aql Jo cl : -
'[9'199;] pa;n1 ol raLl sllal puP ))PIr.- .
-deo sr raqqor aq] pue 1"rr8 aql dlaq o1 auroo aydoa4 ,,,idlaU, drc leqs SILI SasolJSIp aH 'lsaIrrl : -
I tleq aql dq aur sazras pue lunrp auror{ saluor pueqsnr{ dur pue pr8 aq+ soo,u 'uetualqou .
parrreur rue 111,, '.,ra.opur,ta.
uado aq] le "rreq.raq Surqruor apum d1pno1
'
opads aqs urn{ paJr}ou a^Er{ ol 1ou Surpualard 'ueurom Sunol Inq papuno^^ sr sraqq,'
E Jo paq aq] rapun sarl raqqor V 'add1 snoauellaJsrl4 'pag.oH.opun s11nd pue auo dq alro l-
ßqqoü a sfiaocstT aq; uaryy1t\asfiH saaus uataoMSuno|a mog cggS ösnoq aLll qraluJ 5lä,.].:
/eas aLI] Lrr l. .-
;o drnsearl
'996 eddl aag J996 tadaaluur lueqcratu ':: -,.
ralqBnep V 'staqqoil .it.:
'1961 'p ta aazlaoJ :uprrrrv qlnos 17002 dureqglg
:uef,f,oro14l'uerra81y'uersrunl'uuqdd?lltgOt sraMoIC :sarpul lsa6 lZ tl.llVgOt
azauaJ/anrEIaC :uprrraruv-qruar{ lIgI 'oN /716I spaqo5 ,9961 ueuty?neg
:ueJlrarrrv-Sn iII 'oN '1961 lasneg :uerppue3-qsq3ua:y777 t616T rallres:u€rpoq
rrre) !gl6l3ur1 :asaurq3 1gZ 'oN /1002 urnqT)eIS,,096I qraqoy/uosdruor{I :rrerp -l!J :uerroro1 [ 'uer;a31y -
-ul!0961slraqo5/uosdruor{I :upTue.I rrs'ruulsDrecl 7I .oN 'tp,gl6l^o>Isualup) :asaurll] 1V996'oN 'l16I ..
-uuqalg/Sraqun[r3 :ueq31y 17gg7 drueqg-1g ,ZZ .oN /€g6I runpq :a]ruaura^ iggg :uPrpul :1002
'oN'696I >le,\roN :rbeq!11'oN'916I .p qrqzpel J
^o)suarue)-urtqalg/3raqunf.r3 \olPZJV:)rqzn^LuPLlS-l
1l'la - .
19661 ue[1e1nD :ueruerurv :Vl'T.,'auoujned/qgrua)s)a) :uErur^protrAl iI X )NIN s33ug :,r.d,r3 :Egbl uorr
''ylg7'ilV'tol6l s88r.ig :.,(sdd3 :e8g6l'gt6l'9961uose[ Z0I .oN ,eg951 do11 :y996'996'soN 'qnq :Lrp ,.
:qsr.rra{:(Z-il eSt '€gI'soN /€96I lSnS:uerurEr)O raullrnd/se8ahJ :>laara : -
^eterog/pr€rlraqg:qsDIrnJ
'uerssnroladg 'uerssn5 1'tZg6Ir>1s,v.oueVf,zt; :r.{srlod lTg,qzt,.soN /996I opaN :uerqras 1lltr oN'II 116O: .
:uerqros 1866I rauq)nd/se8alag 2€'oN '9161sonnor?nog-sorpsnol4l :1aar2 14gg lIurrEraS / asarr] :uErurplL-.
:uurreSlng llZI 'oN 'ZOOZ'p ]a rrng/ssner» :uerusog 1'969I tVl6l talllog:aua^ols 'JJ96BI sullrnf, ac :uPrurli r.: -
1I0€ 'oN 'I'1166I g,to>yredqeS :ueDIE^oIS !'lltOt'.lltOt,ZI.116Z6T aIIrJ :r{)az3 uuetutxPJ :upLUrä! lgoc
.-
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-res j89'fZ'soN'9961 uou8rssel l:uerrsroJ 1916lrul+eßS/asarr3 :uerTpll 1Z6.oN
a'9tt'Iv'tjt'I v't0_.
6II'n'!!969I surpnracl:uerurpe.I 1fI 'oN 'e1761ButprcH :ueulsnv j1gg7 ra8rag lgl 'oN'9691 uasualsr.r;1 :r-:.
'III 'J}gg6I aäueu :uerura) !,evg6l roo» :u€rsud llII
'02 'oN /t66I ralsnl{rs / Ioo» :VqE6 oN'llol aupäl\ -
t69 (alla^oN) saleJ rrls{€aU 782 ICC i8z lJc
tu
598 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28,1
FFC284

955E* T-he YoungWoman's Reoenge on the Robber, The robber rapes and is hidden ir
kidnaps a girl. She scalds him with boiling water; then he repents rives at the
and dies.
Remarks: Early versi
Literature/Variants: notti (XIJI,S).
German: cf. Cammann 1962 No. 138; Greek: Kretschmer 1912 No. 4; Russian: Literature/Variant s
SUS; French-Canadian: Thomas 1983, 235ff . Finnish: Rau.-.m;.... ,: il
Loorits 1926,No.966:
957 See Type 1161. 2003, No.55; Frisian: K
197 3, 381, I.; Czech: k1i
958 The Shepherd Youth in the Robbers' Power. A shepherd (shepherd American: Baughman
girl) is attacked by robbers (soldiers, inhabitants of a neighboring K311.1.
valley). The shepherd manages (by a trick) to play (sing, shout) a
melody on his flute (milk funnel, horn). It is heard and understood g5gD* Robber Disg
by the inhabitants of the valley (his lover. sistet brother, parents). strange rr-on
The villagers come to help and save the shepherd and his animals hides under;
1K551.31. stranger is n,
his accompli
Literature/Variants: BP II,501; HDS (1961-63) 403; Grambo 1971; Wildhaber
t975;EM 6 (1990) 1029-1032 (A. Schäfer); Marzolph 1992II, No. 1078. Literature/Varia n t s
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, Nos. 184, 185; Estonian: Aarne 1918, No.958*, Loorits Finnish: Rausm..... - -'
1959, No. 199; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Danish: Kristensen 18961f.'N, Nos. 1504- Kerbelr''te 1999ii I-
1507; Spanish: Camarena/Chevaher1995ff.lY, GonzalezSanzlggl;Catal;rn: Oriol/ L970l. Arr, 393f., B rI
Pujol 2003; German: Grimm DS/Uther 1993 I, No. 289; Swiss: Niderberger 1978, German: Györgp;il-E
L23ff ., Bnchli / Brunold-B igler 1,989ff.I, 357f., 876; Ladinian: Büchli /Brunold-
Bigler 1,989ff . lI, 77l;Italian: Cirese / Serahn 1975; Hungarian: Dömötör 2001., 287 ; 958E* Deep Sleep Bn
Slovakian: Polivka L923ff.[V,1,0f.,V,2261.;Slovene: Milöinski 191L,48t1.; Polish:
Krzy2anowski L962f .l; Russian: SUS; ]ewish: Jason 1965, 1988a; Gypsy: cf. Mode huntarr :
19831f .II, No. 122; Ossetian: Benzel 1963,110f1.; Azerbaijan: Marzolph 1984; Pales-
deel' - .. --
tinian: Bauer L926,213f.; Indian: Thompson/Balys 1958, No. K551.3; Chinese:
ancl kii.. , ---
Ting1978; African American: cf. Burrison 1989,145ff .
t\\-ent-, -:. - :
958A* The Thief Tied to a kea Having caught a thief in the act of stealing
Literatu re/\'a ria n t.
a horse, a farmer ties him naked to a tree and leaves him at the
mercy of gnats and ants [Q453.1]. Medne1977:I'::. " .

After some time, having lost his way, the farmer finds shelter in Portuguese: Oli',. :..
the very same man's house. He is greatly alarmed. But much to his 9568; f ri-i.rrr: l. '
surprise, the man he has wronged, instead of taking vengeance 1q57,\,,.or \l - .

upon him, entertains him generously. He even thanks him for the Polish: Krzy2anot
lesson he received, because it has cured him of the habit of stealing.
958F* Test of Sex: Cat
Literature/Variants: I-e itril- :,-
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 186; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977; Lithuanian: his legs toge
Kerbelytö L999fl.I; Dutch: Volkskunde 18 (1906) 71f.; German: Berger 2001, No. apple in hL<
958,4.**; Chinese: cf. Ting 1978Ar. 959D".

958C* Robber in Shrouil. A stranger traveling with a coffin is taken in for Literature/Variants: If
the night by a stationmaster, who discovers that a (another) robber 1 (1977) 627; Dekker ei
 raqqor (raq+oue) p tpqr j
r^a jr,oue€z'rr'Bs''t6t'raslnee'rrr?\?:;1ffi ,{,,n:H,i:r(ß"yif:lr+ IoJ ur ua)el sr urJJol E L.
'*cI896
addl 'y3 'Lt'V'1gßt1g.] op pynozvr ueurom e se '1.r»1s srq ur aldde 'oN 'I002 ra8rag :upru-i.,-
aql qrler o1 lrede uragl peards a^€q plnoqs all 'laqlaSol s8al srq :uerupnqll-I 17761 aupa;,.
s8ur;q aq 'de1 qq olur umolü sr aldde ue uaqm 'asneaeq paznrSotar
srueurom e se pasrn8srp roqqor y 'a1ddy ua 3u1qcp1 :xag {o pa1 *ilgg6
'3ur1ea1s ]Iqpq aLIl lr. -.
Jo
'y697 dureqg-lg :uprleuros :869I'v111t'soN 'I 'JZ96I Drsmouezf,zt;4:r{srlocl aLIl roJ urRI s)uELIl ua.\:
lez'0I 'soN /I 0lgl q)equazuoD :uerlell 19I .oN ,796I qleu-rasow ,96 .oN ,196l aruea8ua,r 3ur>1e1 lcr ':.
ua$uaH/olprssoM:uErura) 18II '086I lraou:r{srualtlevg6l roo» :uersuC 18996 srLI ol LI)nl-U ]ng 'paurr
'o11 '(Sunuocq+ro;) so8rpre)'6lV'oN 'II '€, 'oN 'I 'J006I erra^rlo :asan8nlro4 ur rällaLIS spuu raLulP: '
:'fireg \ s'!0L6r s88rrg :qsrt8ug !|'iloeo gfiaqre; :ueruenqll'l lll6l auparN
/866I uaurerqrßI'6gL 'oN 'II 'J}ZS6I eerusne5 :r{sruurC
ls{prV :uer^te'I lIrC 'oN aL{} lP LurLl saAPJ[ pL: i'
'ZI8ü'oN / 696l q)eqrr.t :slu€uE /arnlerall.I
Surleags Jo ]Jp ar{} ur la:-.
'lZ' ltt»l ra+el srnor{ rno;-dtueru}
plun dn a{€rln. lou saop dgurey aq} }o }sar aql 'raqqor aql sIIrT pue
:asaurLIJ 1€'lgE) oN :.:
slq] saas daals o1 auo8 lou seq oq,+t ploqasnoq aql Jo au6 'daa1s daap
-saled 1tr86I qd1ozre14 :u': .
olur plor{asnoq aql rureq) o} sarrl aq '(asdroc Jo pueq) }E} ueurm{ apo1 'JJ :,(sd,(3 :pggo I -
Jo apetu alpueJ e 3urs3 'asnoqrurel e 1elg8ru aql roJ Sur8pol sla8 :r{srlod
:'figt'Vil r{sun= ,
'le88aq e se pasrn8srp 'laqqor y 'nqqo>l v fiquo yl&notg daalg daaq *ggg6 ! : u pr-. :
IBZ' L11zretgtug6
-plounrg/rlq)nB :uprui:'
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lLl 'il9661rarlE^ar{J ^ou4l)
/puarerue] :qsruedg !'llVSZ ^!eet 'Il g,'le61 ,lIV .JO16I / lor.ro :uplelef 1966 t zur-
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-ü0qI 'soN hl 'Igo8 I u"r .
e :rISrrJ :II
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:sluurrEA/arnlPrall'I '8t01 oN 'il ..-
raqpllplrM 11761 oqrue:-,
'*g996 addl '13 '(sacrldurorJe srq
pue) urrq q1q all 'asrn8srp ur raqqor e lnq ueurom e lou sr ,ra8uerls
aql leq] sra^orsrp pue (;ag ualq8r"r; o1 .rap.ro ur) paq Jaq raprm sapn{ slelurue srLI pue p;raqci:_-.
puequrre, v 'turcI e 1e 3ur3po1 s,lq8ru e roJ säse ueruom a8ue.4s 'isluared taqlorq'ratr rr
y'(to8&ag su ßqqoü dlsnoraa;d) uuuloM a sa pasm8slq ßqqoy *Cgg5 poolslapun puP prPaLl -.
e (tnoqs '8urs) deld o1 '.
.I'II€) Surroqq8rau p Jo \lupr r--
'oN '266I n€auorurs/UaqlrM :uprpul uerrraluv rpnoslgg6l ueruq8neg :uerrraury praqdaqsl p.rauldaqs 5,,
-Sn 1'JI€9 ''IlIl'996I :ueg8yy 1gZ 'oN 'tgg61q^ouql»:q)az3 :ilAt,eZOt
uueunue3:ueurraD 199'oN^apaqa1
'g6618nqtaal4/loo»,etg6l roo»:uersrrd 1gg.oN,e00Z
Ioo» :r{)}nCI !Z9r'IIy'p 'yVgZ'IA'nßT s88r.rg:qsq8ug 1996.oN ,9Z6ls[roo-I
:uuruo^rT !U6l auparyls[yry:uer^le.I ilgl .oN ,II .9zg6l Bplusne5 :qsruurC
:sluPue^/arnlErall'I :uErssnu 1,'oN,l16I ra.._ -.
'(E'trrx) t++ou
qoaalucl ?1orede4g pue (02'o11) rur1ro141 owelorrD aas suorsra.r dIrEA :s)rBLuaU
'alnuflu lsel ar{} }e sa^rJ
s;uadar aLl uaql :lalp \\ :..
-.re (auoqdelal dq pauoununs) dlag .[f .ttg»] ug]or aq+ uI uappn{ sr
pue sader raqqor aql .l:rj
669 (a11aaog) seluJ )rls{eay t8z lcc ngz)tt
ffi
600 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 281

Finnish: Rausmaa 1973b,80; Latvian: cf. Aräjs/Medne1977, No.958D*; Danish: Finnish: Rausmaa 196ltt. I-l
Kristensen 1886f. II 1, 148, Kristensen 1891ff. V, 184; English: Baughman 1966, No. 191,8, cf. Loorits 1959. \o- -l
HL578.1,.4.1, Briggs L970f.A11,3931.; Dutch: Sinninghe 1943, No.97L*,Mederl 1999fJ.1l; Swedish: EL'. -\.=
Bakker 2001, Nos. 1,48, 354, Kooi 2003, No. 56; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, No. 958G*, joisten 19"-X
B II, 497 ; F rench:
Kooi/Schuster 1.993, No. 21; Flemish: Volkskunde 74 (1.973) 306f.; Polish: Cheva lier 1995ft. [\-; Por:-
Krzy2anowski 1,9621.I, No.895; US-American: Baughman 1966, No. H1578.1.4.1. coming); Dutch: Sinrringat
German: Raake 1955tt. Itr.
958K* Robber in the Car. A driver (woman) gives a ride to a woman (man) 30, 468f. nos.27 , 28, {, S \r.
whom he meets on the road. During the joumey the driver suddenly 1994, No. 65, Grimm KFL\I
sees that the passenger's hands are hairy (that the passenger is a 5; Swiss: Kuoni 1903, \o, f,:
robber). The driver stops and pretends something is wrong with the Czech: Tllle1929tr. tr l. 1Sl
aL.2002, No. 128; Nlacajr-rd
car. He asks the passenger to get out and push. As soon as the pas-
BFP; Greek: Megas Puctr
senger gets out the driver goes off to tell the police. They find a mur-
Eberhard /Boratav 1953. \i
der weapon (stolen goods) in the passenger's bag. 14, J ason 1988a, Haboucha
Afzalov et al. 1963 I, 145ü"
Literature/Variants: BPlII,236 not. 1; EM 1(1977)627;Brunvand1.981.,30-45; 2000, No. 9604; Srrian lra
Dekker et aL.1997, 48-50. Saudi Arabian: El-Sharnr
Finnish: Rausmaa 1973b, 80; Latvian: cf. Aräjs/Medne 1977, No. *952**(IV); Marzolph 1994, 132ä.: l::
Swedish: Klintberg 1987, No. 62;Dutch: Burger 1993,45f., 156; Frisian: Kooi Osipov 1976, No. 186; Chm
l.9S4a,KooilSchuster 2003, No. 308; German: Fabula 1 (1958) 251, Cammann/ ish-American: Robe 19i3: I
Karasek 1,976ff . Il, 3461., Wehse 1983, 73, Brednich 1990, No. 4; Swiss: Guntern 1980, No. 37, El-Sha-rnv'i1.
1979,214f .,217;Polish: Vildomec 1979, No. 220; Australian: Seal 2001, 1581.,1.601.; No.57, Laoust 1949, \s- l
US-American: Brunvand 1984,52ff., Roberts 1988, No. 104, Brunvand1,993,327;
African American: Dorson 1962 No. 165.
960A TheCrancsoflh
960 The SunBings All to Light. Aman (|ew, cattle deale[, girl)is held up
and beaten by another man (tailoq coachmary innkeeper) and later
by agairu on
dies. just before dying he says, "The clear sun (god, moory wind)
cranes foilo
will bring everything to light". The robber looks in vain for money
Ir, !- ::-.
in his pockets, dumps him behind a thicket, and continues his
birds, dogs
travels.
ing, bleedi
In the next town the murderer marries and later has a family.
One morning as he sits with his wife at the window, he pours coffee Remarks: Classical
into his cup and sees how the sunbeams gleam in it and reflect pat- (vrr,745).
terns on the wall. He repeats the last words of the dying man Literature/Variants: Krr.
1D17151. His wife does not understand the meaning of his words VII, 146f. No. 425; .{mai
and urges him to give an explanation. He finally tells her confiden- Basset1924If .II, 381 \o.
tially about the murder. His wife promises not to tell anyone. But she Marzolph 1992I, 1it: El
does not keep her promise and three days later the whole town (2000)11,i H-- _._
knows what happened. The man is condemned [N271.1]. Hansen l[-lr-t] >' -
Slr.edisl-r EL \- :::''
Combinations: 780. Delarue Teniz.,:---
r T)..L,.--....--
Remarks: Popular proverb, see e.g. New Testament (Mark 4,22; Luke 8,17;1,2,3). "(
Literature/Variants: Kirchhof /Oesterley -1.869 lll, No. 15; BP II, 531-535; Basset Tomkowiak 7993.75:-
19241f.11,381 No. L09;PanälBolte1924I, No.434; Noy 1962; Schwarzbaum 1968, Hungarian: MNKI\-" D
65, 185, 294, 456; Schwarzbaum 1980, 278. Marzolph 1992 II, Nos. 85, 1168; garian: BFP; Russian. i
Röhrich/Meinel1992, 4047;EM8 (1996) 332; Dekker et aL.1997,432f.; Schmidt Kurdovanidze 20C)0; I:
1999;EM: Sonne bringt es an den Tag (forthcoming). lese: Sakya / Griftith 19
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9608 Late Reoenge. A poor man (farmhand, bo1.) wants to marry a ricll 950D Toad onthe Hear
r,rridow (mistress, daughter of a rich rnerchant). The r,r,oman favors his mistress, a lcrr
him but does not like his poverty. In order to please her and to be his head as he sle
able to marry her the young man rnurders a merchant ancl seizes his is covered br hai
property. He presents himself as a rich man to the woman, r.vho find arr1'proof. i
lrrants to know how he became rich in such a short time. After a lons t
When he (out of love) confesses the truth to her, she asks him to moved. A toad
n atch at the murdered man's grave for one night (as a condition for arould. A grare
their marriage). He does so. In the middle of the night the dead marr wife, who had n
rises from his grar.e, and asks God for fustice. Thereupon a (God's) (clergyman) and
voice comes from heaven sayirrg, "30 (40,50) years from today you
will be avenged" [M3,18]. The voung rnan reports his experience. Remarks: Early version ,rr
Knowing that the revenge will take place onl1, after 30 years, the the 4th century B.C.)
woman agrees to marry him. Literature/Variants: Kocri l
At the appointed time the couple is invited to dinner in a castle Finnish: Simonsuuri Rar.r
German: Stahl 1821, 98f-. I,
and the prophecv is fulfilled. A minstrel lr,ho had left the festir.itv
Chinese: cf. Ting 1976. \o.
earlier (because he rvas foreu.arned), returns to the castle in order to
fetch his forgotten glove (book, another object). He sees that the
castle (together with all people) has sunk into the earth and onlv a
961 ConquerorofRoh
killed a robber i:
r,r.ell remains 1Q552.2.7, Q211.0.11. Cf. Type 780C.
and continues crn
who has reco\-erl
Remarks: Documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. Cesttt RomanortLm (No.277).
Literature/Variants: BP II, 535; Wesselski 1909, No. 76; Wesselski 7925,27i.,199f .; stick inquisitivet
Tubach 1969, No. 2939. ines his stid; an,
Finnish: Rausmaa 19B2fL II, No. 191; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1999ff . III,3;13 No. [n some r-aria
7.2.7.13; Swedish: EU, No. 33868; Portuguese: Coelho 1985, No. 74, Cardigos and tries to get hr

(forthcoming); Irish: Ö Sililleabhäin/Chriitiansen 1963; Czech: Dr.oiäk 1978, No.

2939; Macedonian: cf. Öepenkor./Penu§1iski 1989 III, No.311; Bulgarian: BFP; Combination s: 1577- .
Polish: Krzy2anowskiTg62f .I; Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Jew.ish: ]ason 1965, Literature/Variants: Sch,rt;
1975,1988a; Chinese: Ting 1978, No. 9608,. Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1§
Vasconcellos / Soromerho e
960C The Miracle of the Cooked Chicken. Two friends sit at the table to eat, Hallgarten 1929, 1.l0ff.: R.u
with a chicken on a platter before them. They remark that the chick- 1931, No. 24.
en cannot get up, not even if St. Peter or Christ commanded it to.
The fou,l comes to life, flaps its rvings, and cror,vs [E524.2.1). 967A TheEotgotteaC
In some variants someone is accused of having stolen a chicken gle. During the
and wants to defend himself from the accusation. The half-cooked he finds his ca.r
chicken announces (in a song) who the real thief rvas, and the ac- honest man in I
cused person is set free.
Literature/Variants: L\ I i
Estonian: Aarne 1918, \o-
Literature/Variants: Köhler/Bo1te 1898ff. III, 639-641; Frenken 1925,110f.,1161.,
russian, Ukrainian: SL 5.
219,227; Gänter 1949,787,279f.;Fabda 1 (1958) 223f.; Tubach 1969, No. 1130;
Meyer i970; Alsheimer 1971,155,18i1f.; Kretzenbacher 1972; Malför 1972; Seeliger
1972;Fabula16 (1975) 216; Gribl 1976f .;Kretzenbacher 1977b; E}/r2 (1979) 681- 9678 Money in the S
688 (E. Wimmer); Moser 1981, 492-496; Plötz 7987. When the retug
Finnish: Rokala 1973, 118; Portuguese: Oliveira 1900ff. II, No. 265, Cardigos has it. The retug
(forthcoming), No. 767A; German:Moser-Rath 1964, No. 136; Su.,iss: EM 7 (1993) hollows out a \{
868; Ladinian: Kindl 1992, No. 24; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 1130.
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604 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

the stick to the refugee to hold and, under oath, swears that he has to mark the rsar
returned the money. The clergr-rria
Enraged by this falsehood, the refugee throws the stick to the the cave, seize th
ground and it breaks. The money falls out and the trick is exposed.
The refugee takes his money back and the cheater hangs himself Literature/Variants : Ranke
117767.41.
Livonlan: Loorits 7926; Lai
No. 965**; Dutch: Sinningh
Remarks: Similar themes appear in Types l590ff . and L617. Dittmaier 1950, No. 141, He
Literature/Variants: Chauvin L892ff .II, 129; Köhler/Bolte 1898ff. I, L37;BP IY, Schuster 1994, No. 66, B""g
323, 389; Tubach 1969, Nos. 3352, 3469; EM 5 (1987) 963-970 (H.-J. Uther).
French: Blad6 1886 III, No. 7; Spanish: Chevalier 1983, No. 75, Goldberg 1998, No. 967 TheManSaoedbr
J1161.4; German: Zender 1966, No. 520, Rehermann1977,516f. No. 2,Brunner f Mary and Christ
Wachinger 1986ft. VII, No. zDiJrrr 127; Hansen 2002,279-284, Tomkowiak 1993, and hides in a c;
264;Serbian: Djordjeviö/Milo§evi6-Djortljeviö 1988, No. 174; Bosnian: Krauss (and remairu sitt
1914, No. 2};Bulgarian: BFP; Polish: Krzy2anowski 19621.I;lewish:Gaster1924, der web thev thir
No. 121a; Jason1975; Burmese: HtinAung L954,L59ff.; Chinese: Ting1978. 11. Cf. §pe;50E

962** The Gifl Who Played utith the Bread. A vain girl (boy) is given bread Remarks: Early version-; =
for her mother by her mistress on the way to the church. At a mud 103) and Legenda aurea ti.Fi-:
puddle (brook) she lays the bread in the water (on the ground) in Literature/Variants: Dähnh
order to step on it so that her fine shoes will not be spoiled. But Speyer 1982; EM:. Spimger
when the girl steps on the bread it starts slowly sinking into the Finnish: Rokala 1973, 17+ k
ground (it is transformed into a bird or a stone). When the people Lappish: Kecskem6ti Paur
return from church they see only the top of the the girl's head and t984, 1.84; Swedish: Li*Sp
cannot save her. 1963; English: Baughman
Chevalier 1995ff. I\r; (sr:lr
Literature/Variants: 122, Cardigos (forthcom::
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982tr.11, No. 193, jauhiainen 1999 No. F241; Lappish: Qvigstad German: Zender 196,6, \e
1 925, No. 9 62*, Kohl-L ar sen L97 1., 1 09f .; Swedish: Liungman 1 961 ; Norwegian :
Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Htrg
457 1* ; M ace donian : eep.er
Hodne 1984; German: Deecke L925,21,5, Meyer 1925c, Nos. L4,20,5e1k1961, No.
98, cf. Grimm DS/Uther 1993 I, No. 93; Austrian: Haiding 1965, No. 230.
Polish: Krzy2anou'ski l$l
18; Aramaic: Bergstrlser
Thompson/ Balvs 1 956. \ur.
963* See Type 968.
|apanese: Ikeda 1971; L !-d
349f.; Egypnan, Algeria::
964 See Type 926C. Ethiopian: Müller 1991, \c

965* Robbers'AlarmBell.In order to know when travelers pass, a robber 967** See l.lpe 96S.
(robbers) has stretched a wire to which a bell is fastened across the
road in front of his cave [K413]. The robber seizes the travelers, 968 Miscellaneaus k
drags them into the cave, robs and kills them. A girl whom he had Types 956C,956,.r
caught stays in his cave and keeps house for him. type compriser
After seven years with the robbeL the girl asks permission to go characters.
to church. She is allowed to go on condition that she will not talk to In numerotls
anyone about the robber or where she is living. girl (other persc'n
After mass, the girl stands before the church door and tells her under bed [K{-iJ
story in public to the door (walf oven of the clergyman) [H13.2.4, whenhe looks in
H13.2.71. She further explains that she intends to buy peas in order thron,ine magic
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.(Sunuocq+roJ) alqeH rap ro^ aqazvr.a8uurdg
:INg, lzg6l radadg 1ng 'papods eq lou Iil
'.7761 ,routws:ZV,le6l r»slassaM !.Ig9,ll-lll}'llpreryqBC :sluelrE /arnlEralrT ur (punor8 aq1 uo) ra1:
'(srcutd u1 q1a7) oa,Lna apuaSa1 pue (tgl pnut P lv qllnLll aL{} ,
'oN) wru4ualw,top waqdas oßsod'strlol;o dro8ar3 aas suorsra^ dpeg :sryeuray
pea.rq ua,,rrB sr (Äoq) lrr-
'gse/ ad&'13'h
'0ZgS] 1I ralua +ou op pup pardncooun sr aAeJ aql 'g16l 8uL:asäurr.lJ
{u}I} daql qa.u rap ilzbI ralceJ :r_1sr,tra[:1 r- _
-rds aql aas s.rans.rnd aql uaqM '(alpplu ag+ ur Surprs suretua.r pue)
ssnEJ) :u€rusog l,lI .o\
aceld Surprq aql ra^o qam s+r surds .raprds v 'ale) e ur sapn{ pue /tb6l
)Pr^/\o)u01 ,fg,-,:_
-
sransrnd sn{ ruor} sadersa (uor.uolog 3uU ,ppiC-}slrq) pue dreytr
.qa1y1np1dg a ßqpaaag uary /rauLrnrB,Z.oN .JqIg __
t48rl1 ']ures 'uos pue rarpel) ueur V allt 196 'oN'8661 3raqp1o3 ,gl .',.
.(raLltn .[-H)oln
..
'*996 '**11996'soN '1002 raS.rag ,99 'oN ,ü66I ralsnr{rs 'Llds!ttl" 'I 119691 a1l09
/Ioo»'I 'oN 009 'll6l]JüetJJßr-lau 2t.oN,196I uaüuaH,I7I .oN,096I rareru+trC llgr" :
:uelura) :908 (t16I) rl apun)sTlo :qsrural{ 19761 aq8uruurs :qrlnC 1**996 .oN
'1961uewBunr.I:r{srpams !116lauparylsfyry:uer^]p.l:9761 sirrco1:ueruo,rrl
_
'99II (Ig6I) t 1,1if, 17SI-0IL,g16l aTUEU :slu?ue4/arnl€rallT
JIasurrLI s8ueq Jalpallr .
r
'pasod xa sr
'a^er arp dorlsap pue ,pr8 aql aar, ,raqqor aql azras /a^eJ aql ))uJ aLll pLr
aq] ol ))r]s aLI] s^\orr,{} .rl
alrrrruo'sacell aq] MolIoJ aydoad a8epa aql pue ueud8ralc aq1
suLI aLI
'a^e) aql o1 deaa. aq+ )rEru ol
ler{} srea^4.s 'qle.. ;
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606 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC284

ber's house. Sometimes the robbers escape when a girl enters their 19 65, 197 5 ; Ossetian: Briiat
house (cf. Type 130) or mocks them. r,941f., 118ff., 533ff., Laud,
In some variants the robbers cheat a person in order to take their 5l6tf ; Sy rian, Palestinia.n-
.

goods [K343.0.1], or someone simulates a robbery in order to get 2004; h arian: Marzolph tr !
0.1, Jason 1989; Tibetiaru K
money.
O zaw a 197 7 ft.; Pollnesian
Literature/Variants: 1966; Tunisian: Stumme L!!
Estonian: Aarne 1918, No.963*; Livonian: Loorits 1926, Nos. 967,970; Latvian:
Dermenghem 1926, 11ä,
Sudanese : El-Sharnv 20trl
§mits 19 62ff . X, 53)ff ., Aräjs / Medn e 197 7, Nos. *955D*, *955E*, 956A*, 9568*,
963*, 968, "969* ; Lappish: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4, Bartens 2003, No. 58;
LivoniarL Wotian, Lydian, Karelian: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4; Lithuanian: 970* See Type 96E.
Basanaviöius/Aleksynas 1.993f.I, No.42, If No.75, Kerbelyte 1999ff.II, Nos.
956A*, 9568*; Swedish: EU, Nos. 31993, 32621, 32639, 32653, 32753, 33868; 973 Man as Src,rifu
Norwegian: Hodne 1984,204; Spanish: Espinosa 1946f., Nos. 14,37,38, Espinosa ship is irr the m
1988, Nos. 276,277, Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff.Iy, Nos. 956C, 966,969; Catalan: apparent erild
Oriol/Pujol 2003, No. 956C;Portuguese: ]im6nez Romero et al. 1990, No. 58, has to be ident
Cardigos (forthcoming), Nos.956C, 969*A; Scottish: Briggs l970t.B II, 18ff.; En-
[5264.1]. The si
glish: Briggs 1970f .F-11,200; Irish: Ö Sriilleabhäin/Chriitiansen 1963, No. 963*;
whenhe is th-ro
Dutch: Meder/Bakker 200-1., No. 221, Kooi 2003, Nos. 52-54; Frisian: Kooi 1984a;
German: Cammann 1962 No. 134, Neumann 1971, No. 150; Maltese: cf. Mifsud-
Insome (Ch
voluntarilr-, ,rstr,
Chircop 1978, Nos. *967A, *968A; Slovene: GabrSöek 1910,249ff.; Croatian:
Smiöiklas 191,0ff . 18, No. 50, Dolenec 1,972,No.18; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, of the rictim'r.
Nos. 953, 963*;B:ulgarian: BFP, Nos. *968A**-*968C**; Polish: Krzy2anowski
1962f.I, Nos. 356*, 954A,956D,977; Russian: SUS, No. 968A*; Byelorussian: SUS, Remarks: I ite-:- -
Nos. 968,4'*-968F*,969*,969A*-969C*; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No.261; e.g. Xenophon. ,' -

Cheremis/Mari: Kecskemdti/Paunonen 1974, No.956C; Mordvinian: Kecskemdti/ Literature/\Iarian ts

Paunonen 197 4; Mongolian: Lörincz 1 9 79, No. 9 69* ; G e or gian: Kurdovanidze 30 No.212A; Röh
2000, No. 968A**; Palestinian: Bater 1926,190ff., El-Shamy 2004, No. 956C; Span- JJ.

ish-American: TFSP 28 (1953) 118-120; Dominicary Puerto Rican, Chilean: Lappish: Qvigstad 195; trc

Hansen 1957, No. .970. 1966,Briggs 1970f. AI. 1-

5264.1,; Maltese: N{ifsud-(
SUS; ]ewish: Bin Gorion 19
197 ; E gyptran: El-Shamr
1,

OTHER REALISTIC TALES 970-999

974 The Homecomia
970 The Twining Branches. Two lovers are not allowed to live together. who is far ar.,-a-
They die of grief (commit suicide) and are buried side by side (in the choose arother'
same cemetery). Plants grow from their graves; the branches inter- returrrs (rrith:::tl
twine (meet over the roof of the church) [E631.0.1]. Thus the lovers ed bv a dream'r
are united in death. wife (bv a rinE 1

mals (horse, doe

Literature/Variants: Chauvin1892ff .y,1.061. No. 3Z ylII, 194ff . No. 235; BP 1,262; cerning feah:re
Basset1.924ff.II,17No.7,1,46No.66;cL.D]fldr 1935ff.III, Nos.55-57; Long 1980; rival follox s [\r
EM 6 (1990) 75;Long 1980; El-Shamy 1999,No.49.
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ft..I, No. 198; Lappish: Qvigstad 19271f.II, No.58, Kohl-
Larsen 197L,1,68f.; Irish: O Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; Spanish: Camarena/
Combinations: 301 . Il *-
Remarks: Classical origfu H
Chevalier 1995ft.IV; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; German: Cammann 1980, 80,
Ages, e.g. Gesta Romarr;-
Berger 2001, No. III F 5; Hungarian: MNK IV; Slovene: §a§elj 1906f. I,35ff .; Polish:
Literature/Variants: Köhle:
Krzyianowskil962f.I, No. 966; Russian: Tumileviö 1958, No. 23; Jewish: ]ason 1899; Wesselski 19t}9. \c. :
 rpIACt :9'tou g9r AI '8r.9-90€ 's€0-8rt '6s ,rr dgr96 .oN ,606I qslassaM j668I
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=
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:zqz'l .oN
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-rue rqsaurop dq pezruSoJar sr ,(raq ol u.trorDl lazvr Burr e dq; apzut
srq o1 dlrluapr sn{ sasopsrp pue dep Surppaaa. arp uo (ruearp e dq pa
sra^ol rLlt snql Il
-urer*'daa1s daap e Sur.rnp parrreJ d1ar1 prnleuradns qlrm) .,rrryn
-rä]ur saq)uPrq alll :- .
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aql ur) aprs.{q aprr p, -
o+ paf,roJ sr ueurom e ,(uosrrd ur) daurnof e uo de.ue rE, sr or{rvr 'raqlaSol a^rl ol pä \\
(rano1) pueqsnq raq Jo aruesqe aq] vl.puaqsnH gulwocautog aqa nL6
666-A!
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VSZS
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)
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:-
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poap sq sassa;uoo uosrad lfln8 aqf sluerrel (ueusrrq)) aruos q -pnsJln 'J) :asrtlP[Al :u- .
_
.salEqe l'urols aql
Eas aql olur 1püg6l roo) :uer\rrJ :t,_ -
u^\ofl{+ sr aq uaq1v\
.
pue '(aorp Sur.trorg+) s1o1 3u4sec dq punoy sr rauurs aUt.lt 1-tq6 oN 'eg6 I ursuPrr- .
tSiS) -u3 I'JJ8l 'il B 'J0l6l -:: -
ruro+s arü aleceld ol preoqra^o u,,l,r.orrll pue parlquapr aq ol seq
aH 'eas +E ssarlsrp aql roJ asnef, arü aq ol suraas ,.raop_yraa luaredde '89'oN'066 I IE Ja or,)r-
:upleipJ :6qo,qgb,Jq:o _
up ?reoq uo ueur auo .rurols snoraBuep e
ro alppnu aql ur sr drqs esourdsg'gt, l€,r-I.so\
y
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.
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-_
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:
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' .
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;eE'
608 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 28'1

1935ft.I, No. 11; Kretzenbacher 1958b; Tubach 1969, Nos. 1580,1896,3792;Frenzel Scottish: Campbell 189ütr-
197 6, 329 1 41 ; Schwarzbaum 1 980, 280 ; F renzel 1 988, 558-565 ; EM 6 (1990) 7 02- Trish: Ö Stiilleabh;ün Chri:
707 (O. Holzapfel); Schmidt 1999; Hansen 2002,201.211; Marzolph/Van Leeuwen 1 2; Bosniar : A-nthropophr-r'
2004, No. 110. 31, Dawkins 1953, No. I il:
Firmish: Rausmaa 1982ff. II, No. 199; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne 1977;Lappish:Qvigstad 292, 348, Walker / Uvsal 1 96
1925, No. 974*;lcelandic: Boberg 1966, No. N681; Scottish: Briggs 1970t. A1I,407, 1924, Nos.111,112, '113a. t
499ff.;Irish: Ö Süilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; English: Baughman 1966,Briggs 1992, No. 97 6 A; U ighw: lut
19701.81I,2571.; French: Blad6 1886 I, No.4; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier Schachmatov 1959, 119ä.: -

1995ff. IV; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; Portuguese: Oliveira 1,9001.I, No. 210, B 6162s L956, 113ff ., Sidel'ni
Cardigos (forthcoming); Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Kooi/Schuster 2003, No. 295; Tadzhik Sandelholztruhe l
German: Zender 1966, No. 458, Grimm DS/Uther 1993II, Nos. 444, 529, Grimm Kamenskov 1976, No.44; tr
KHM/Uther 199611, No. 92; Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No. 1580; Slovakian: Polivka 1984, Nos. 97 6, 976A, \{arz
1923ff.I1,363,1II,463f.,y,342f.;Serbian: Öajkanovi6 1927,No.65; Bosnian: Krauss J Tho mps on / Roberl.
117 7,
1914, No.57; Macedonian: Mazon 1923, No. 30, Popvasileva1983, No. 18; Ruma- Ting 1978, Nos. 976, 976A;
nian: Amzulescu1974, No. 290; Bulgarian: BFP; Albanian: Mazon 1936, No. 69; Hansen 1952 No. 976*-\.
Russian: SUS, Nos. 974, 974*, 974**; Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish:
Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 210; Jewish: Noy 1963a, No. 74, lason1965, L988a; 976A See Type 976.
Kurdish: DruZinina 1959, 55ff .; Cheremis / Mari: Kecskem6ti / Paunonen 197 4;
Votyak Wichmann 1901, No. 52; Siberian: Kontelov 1956,60ff .;Tadzhik: Amonov 978 The Youth in the
1961,337ff .; Syriary Iraqi: Nowak 1969, No. L42,8l-Shamy 2004; Afghan: Lebedev
business and con
1955,21,ff.;Japanese: Ikeda1,971,; Brazilian: Romero/Cascudo 1954 No.9; Egyp-
he loses all his g
tian: El-Shamy 2004; South African: cf. Coetzee et al. L967 , No. 926C.
youth's father ha,
The same.a,ith a r
976 Which Was the Noblest Act? (Including the previous Type 976A.)
had once taken l
On their wedding night, a man allows his bride to visit her former
barber agrees to
lover (fianc6e), in order to keep a promise she had made previously
(to cancel the engagement). On her way she meets a robber. When demands a huge
Finaliy the
she tells him her story he leaves her unmolested. When her lover
(fianc6e) hears about her bridegroom's (the robber's) magnanimity, someone (his,
recovers her hr
he takes her back to her bridegroom without touching her [H1552.1].
one-eyed man
In some variants the tale occurs in conjunction with a frame tale
that deals with the discovery of a thief: Three (four) sons inherit jew-
match it r,r,ith 1

remaining leg of t
elry (money) from their father (merchants bury their fortune). The
other one. The re
money is stolen by one of the brothers (merchants). The robbed
owners call a wise man (judge, king, Solomon), who is to discover for his service [ct
the thief. The wise man (his daughter) then starts to tell the story
(see above). The thief betrays himself unconsciously when he an-
Remarks: Documented in *
Ar abian N ighß (IY, 357-35i
swers the question, "Who acted in the noblestway?" He argues that Literature/Variants: Chau
the robber in the story was the most noble one (he answers other Strömbäck 1963; Schrrarzb'a
questions in a revealing manner) 111177). (Previously Type 976A.) 3, 566 not. 22; Schrvarzbaur
205; EM: Stadt der Gauner
Combinations: 655, 945. Swedish: Schier 1983, 24it-:
Remarks: Indian origiry early version in the 3rd century, Tripilaka (XIX,7). Early Macedonian: Öepenkor F
European version see Boccaccio, Decamerone (X,5). Boratav 1953, Nos. 299,.1/r-1,
Literature/Vatiants: Chauvin 1892ff .YIIJ, 123t. No. 110; Köhler/Bolte 1,898ff .I, Bin Gorion 1990, No. 10i; I
21.4-21.6; BP III, 510f.,Iy,3071.,328 No. 19;Penzer 1924ff .Y[,199; Wesselski 1925, 1954, 166tr., EI-Sha mv Lrllßt:
225 not. L; Tübach 1969, No. 4964; Schwarzbaurr.1968,207f.,215f., 474; Hatami El-Shamy 2004; tndian: Thc
1.977,No.24;EM2 (1979)1263; EM 6 (1990) 459464 (E. Schoenfeld);Marzolphl 1989; Nepalese: Sakr-a Grit
Van Leeuwen 2004, Nos. 439, 467.
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aql ]eq1 sa1e1s (ueluoaa.) ueur pada-auo y .spoo8 s1tl ile sasol aq 'J9Zo'oN '_-:
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610 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 28,1 FFC284

980 The Ungrateful Son (previously Ungrateful Soru Reprooed by Naizte IV, Nos. 980B, 980C. Dür
Actions of Ozon Son). (Including the previous Types 980A-C.) This Bulgarian: BFP, Nos. 9S3tr
miscellanous type comprises various tales dealing with ungrateful Bougioukos 1976, No" -iS
children (son, daughter-in-law) of an ageing father. They think about Krzyianowski 1962f. I. \r
and eventually change their behavior because of the analogous ac- 9804; Jewish: Gaster 19f{ l
980A; Cheremis/N{ari: Ka
tions of their äwn soi-r (daughter).
(1) When an aged father is banned from the table and served his
Kecskem6ti / Paunonen tr 9i
9804; Syrian: El-Shamr'0
meals in a wooden cup by his son and his daughter-in-1aw, the little 2004, No. 980A; Indian: Lü;
grandson starts to build a similar cup for his parents to use when Nepalese : Sakya ;' Griftith
they grow old. Thereupon the couple starts to reflect on their undig- Zöng1952, No. 82; Japans,r
nified behavior. Thinking of their own old age, they bring the old French-Canadial: Lemier.rr
father back to the family table 1J121.11. (Previously Type 9808.) No. 9804; Puerto Rican: H;
(2) A son gives his father half a blanket (carpet, cape, cloth) to 9804; Tunisian: El-Shamr .
keep warm. Thereupon the little grandson keeps the other half of
the blanket and explains that he will save it for his parents for when 9804-980C See Trpe 9Eri
they are old [J121]. (Previously Type 980A.)
(3) An aged father is abandoned by his son in the wilderness 980D Meat Springs as r

(abyss) in a cart (sledge, basket). The grandson keeps it in order to (son) intend-s to r
use it in the same way for his parents when they have grown old (cf. father pa:-s'r,. r
Type 981). They reflect on their behavior. (Previously Type 980C.) share itrrith l^u=.
(a) The ungrateful son drags his old father out of the house by l\hen ä
his rvar-"
pulling at his hair. At the threshold the father says, "Do not drag me their meal. ith:s r

further; I dragged my own father only this far!" 1J1,21,.2). The son iace rrhene ;: ;-i
reflects on his bad behavior.
Remarks : Exemp'lur:. ac.;:=
Combinations: 981. Bonum unil-toi::.- ;---*t I
Remarks: The version (2) occurs first in the Middle Ages, e.g. ]acques de Vitry, Li teraturefl'ariants: i.--;i
Sermones uulgares (]acques de Vitry/Crane, No. 288). The version (1) was docu- 262;BP IIl, 16i-n,:: F:':-'
mented by Bernhardin of Siena, Opera (IV56). The version (3) is probably of Jew- 4891; Bnickner 19i-l r>4 '
ish origin. (1ee6) 4e6.
Literature/Variants: Kirchhof /Oesterley 1869IV, No. 16; Köhler/Bolte L}gSff.I, Latvian: Aräis \[edle i/]
381, 473477; Stiefel 1908, No. 103; BP II, 135-140,Lil,1,67,lV,172 not. 14; Cock IV 2; Catalan: ct. Orie- P:l
1919, 38-59, 299; ParälBolte 1924I, No. 436, II, No. 760; Bldier 1925, 463f.; German: Woli 1&15. \o" l:
Wesselski 1931,, 93,99; Röhrich 1962f .1,93-112,262-267; Schwarzbaum 1968, 95, 1990a, No.56, Tornliorni;it I
236,'25r1f,477;Tubach 1969, No.2001.;EM6(1990)252-256 (H. RöllekelBrüggemam Eil/7 (1993) 873; Hungan".ra
1991,,705-712; Marzolph L992ll, No. 310; Hansen 2002, 117-119; Uther 2004. 1976, No. 38, N,Iegas Fucru
Latvian: Aräjs/Medne1.977; Lithuanian: Kerbelyte 1.999ff.II, Nos.980,9808; cI.DL,allla et al. 1989. \rr- i
Wotian: Kecskem6ti/Paunonen 1974, No. 9804; Irish: Ö Süilteabhäin/Chris-
tiansen 1963, No. 9804; English: Briggs t970f.8I1,266; French: Delarue/Tenöze 980* ThePainterandt
19641f. IV 2, Nos. 9804, 9808; Spanish: Camarena/Chevalier 1995ff. IV Nos. lord) orders hL. a
9804-C, Gonzälez Sanz L996, Nos. 980, 9808, 980C, Goldberg 1998, No. J121; himself) to go to
Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003, No. 980, 9808, 980C; Portuguese: Vasconcellos/ there). The arci-ut
Soromenho et al. L963f .II, Nos. 492b, 560c, 561., Cardigos (forthcoming), 5o. 1]. He entice-< th
9804; Dutch: Entjes/Brand 1976,L29; Frisian: Kooi 1984a, Nos.980A-C; Flemish:
(king, landlor'1 ir
Meyer 1968, No. 9804; German: Moser-Rath 1964, Nos. 25a, 25b; Rehermann
1977, 1.45, 264f. No. 12, 430 No. 19, Uther 1990a, No. 33, Tomkowiak 1993, 264,
Kooi/Schuster 1994, No. 53, Grimm KHM/Uther 1996II, No. 78; Swiss: EM 7 Literature/Variants : Chau'
(1993) 870; Italian: Cirese/Serafini,1975, Nos. 980, 9804, 9808; Hungarian: MNK Masing 1 979; Schrrarzt,aur
Estonian: Aarne 191E. \lida
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o] lou rapro ur ua{rryr agi aprq laql dlpapadxaun dq sassed;aq1ey 'J)) plo u,tro.r8 a,ret1 _iai:.
-.
plo s/ueru aq] uaqM .(1eau) ua)rn{c pa}seor € +ea o} spuaiur (uos) --
o] JapJo r-rr 1r sdaal uo!:
aldnoc y 'uog p{aryßun ua lo acog aqt uo pool a ,a iSuuAg
)arq C086 ssdulaplr^^ aql ul Lto- -
'996 addl aas )086-V08G uaql\ JoJ s;uared stLI r.rr _.
Jo JIeq ralllo aLF sdaal -:
.
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o N ?00 z .{rueqsl :
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672 Hans-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

No. 256 V; Jewish: Noy 1963a, No. 89, Jason 1965, Nos. 980*, 980*-*A, Noy 1968, pretending to pla
No.40, Iason1975, Nos. 980*-*,4.; Kalmyk: Jnlg1866, No. 8; Mongolian: Ldrincz over a pit filled rt-
L979;Tuva:Taube1978, No. 62; Syrian, Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/ and a sword (stor
Roberts 1960, Jason 1989; Tibetian: Kassis 7962,36f1.; Chinese: Ting1,978;Egyp- hair (thread).
tiary Tanzanian: El-Shamy 2004. The king expl
stands for the fire
981 Wisdom of Hidden Old Man Saaes Kingdom.During a famine (war) the divine iudge-'
the young people have an assembly and decide (the emperor orders) 4.2,F833.21.
that all old and seemingly useless men should be killed. One man
hides his father. Remarks: Classical origiru e
When everything goes wrong under the young rulers, the wise a proverbial phrase, "the sr
old man comes forth and saves the situation with his good advice Literature/Variants: Köhler
(he helps perform difficult tasks with his wisdom U151.11). Thereupon 19241I, No. 735a; Bächtold-!
he is honored and the custom of killing old people is abandoned. 301f.; EM 8 (1996) 81H15 (
In some variants the sory who intends to kill his father, realizes Icelandic: Boberg 1966, Nor
Cammann 1962 195, Rehem
that the same will happen to him when he is old, and lets his father
Austrian: Haiding 1977b, )
live. Cf. Types921B and 980.
Dvoiäk 1978, No. 4994; E
Ukrainian: SUS, No. 981A*;
Combinations:. 707, 9218, and 9224.
Remarks: Documented in the 1st century B.C.E., Iustin, Historiae Philippicae
(xvIII,3,1). 982 The Pretendedlnl
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1.8921f .VIII, 1.99 No. 244; Polivka 1898a; Köhler/ duces Childrea to
Bolte 1898ff. II, No.47; Pauli/Bolte 1924 I, No. 446; Wesselski 1925, No.48; Vries care when he is ol
1928,165-168,220-230,392-397;Wesselski 193L, 1.87; Paudler t937;Schwarz- soon forget their
baum 1968, 179,200, 418, 47L, 474;Trbach 1969, Nos. 1997 , 5219; EM 1 (1977) 388- Thereupon thr
395 (E. Moser-Rath); Scherf 1,995 l, 278-280, [, L392f .; Röth 1998; Taube 2000; conspicuously an
Hansen 2002,469475. another consideri
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff.II, No. 201; Estonian: Aarne 1918; Latvian: Aräjs/Medne their behavior an,
1.977; Llthuanian: Kerbelyte 1.999ff. II; Swedish: Liungman 1961; Irish: Ö
finally dies thev I
Sriilleabhäin/Christiansen 1963; French: Delarue/Tendze l964If .IV 2; Spanish:
In some varia.r
Goldberg 1998, No. Catalan: Neugaard 1993, No. J1,51,.L; Frisian: Kooi
J1,51,.1,;
1984a; German: Moser-Rath 1984,285; Swiss: Jegerlehner L91,3, 248; Italian: be used to kill an
Cirese/Serafini1975, De Simone 1994, No. 98; Sardinian: Cirese/Serafini; Mal- before his death I
tese: Mifsud-Chircop 1978; Slovakian: Polivka 1923ff . IV No. 127; Slovene:
Zrrpanc 1,956, 35f ., Bolhar 1974, l72ff .; Serbian: Eschker 1992, No. 41; Croatian:
Bo5koviö-Stulli1963, No. 66; Macedonian: Öepenkov/PenuSliski 1989 III, Nos.
326*329,333; Rumanian: Schullerus 1928, No. 910F*; Bulgarian: BFP; Albanian:
Jarnfk 1890ff .,347; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish: Krzy2anowski 1962f.I;
Russian: SUS; Byelorussian: SUS, No.981, cf. No.981**; Ukrainian: SUS; Turkish:
Eberhard/Boratav 1.953, No. 197 V; Jewish: Jason1965,1.975,1988a, Haboucha
L992; Armenian: Gullakjan 1990; Mongolian:Lörincz1979;Sytian, Lebanese: El-
Shamy 2004; Indian: Thompson/Roberts 1960; Chinese: Ting1978; Korean: Choi
1979, No. 662;Japanese: Ikeda 197-L,lnadalOzawa1,977ff.; Mexican: Robe 1973;
Egyptian, Libyan" Algerian: EI-Shamy 2004; Ghanaian: Dorson 1.972, 402ff.;
Nigerian: Schild-1975, No. 12; East African: Arewa 1966, No. 3553.

981A* Lifeby a SilkThread. Awise king, asked by his brother (Damocles,

courtier, court jester) why he always looks sad even in happy situ-
ations, answers the question by sending for the questioner and
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ppoqs lr leql arr^pe aqr qlIM areur e purl dagl sluerre^ oruos uI Ioo):upr\uJ lt.tgt[ ..
'lsaqr aql ur sauols pue puES dpo pury dagl sarp dleury :qsrued5 :Z Al .)Jt9ol .
raq+eJ aql uaq14 dlnyareJ rarllp1 rrarl+ rage e:q*!rt 11o61 Lrer-u!-
{ool pue ror^er{aq rrar{+
a8ueqc uarplrrlJ aql uodnaraql ."runlrrjqri ruprr,\, s[e-r
y :uern1e1 . -
raq+oue
sule+uo) ]I l€Lü aJr^pe aq1 Sur,rr8 e o1
"lqnrapr.rror
slurod
lsarp pue dlsnoncrdsuoc
10002 aqnel 1866I LItgU
dauour Sununoc s+rels aH :asnr e sueld ueu p1o äql ,rädr,"rrq1
aqlel r]ar{} pa18au
-88tut6t) I hl3:otZ: _
pue suoqua+ur rraq+ 1a8;o; uoos -zremqf,S 1lt6I ralpnE-d
laqg 'uraqr o1 lpadord srq ile sa^eal ueru qrrr E
?lo fl aq uar{ { are) sau 1g,'oN ,9z6I lr{sIa.:.
.
s,uerplr.{r_ srq o1 3ur1sru1 .(ta4qa7 pa?y rc! atu) ol ua,rypq) sacnp
/rrßlgX :pgb8l p)^.rloJ -
-u1 plog lo qsa43 pasoddng dlsnor,ra.r d) acuaytaqu1 papua+a+I aW z86
aattdhp4rl aafi$tH ,ti.
'0rI "oN 'g186l qdpztetr :ueruerJ (*ylg6.oN ,SOS
l :uerurer1ll
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:r{)azJ ZgI .oN ,266I tgtevreq :uerre8ung 1lg .oN ,q776yBu1p1i11,rrrr1rry ly*onq
jJIZ 'oN 'Z9gL
llot\t-l:ssrms 1.Jgr7 ,glz,0gl ,Ll6l:uvevrßrlad ,96I
:ueruraD ltgV (Z0OZ) 0I 14lg:rlruerC !Z.tegt,Z.V.g.lg11..so1.r1
!961 uueuure3 raqleJ srq slai pue ,pfo : :
99j1 eÄqäg :rrpuelarl sazrlEar faqlEJ sn{ IIrI ._ :
,r.rr66tqrrr{ed1tr667.oN,6e6Lq,eq,'tr;ff 'pauopueqp sr aldoai :
1iä;yl;i:,,?jr.rJr"rfJ]Kil}:?
allog/qnpd lvrr'1ir^D9e 'rdg 1699'II'#eoer allog/ralqe»,sl"rrrrn7ai"lerall"I uodna.raql (ll.tEtfl * - -
atr^pp poo8 srq L{}r,\\ 1.,-- _
asr,t'r Jr1l
'sralnr SLrno i -
se.relndo4'(rz'^)sauotto*ar,rr,,;iifä:S# jäffi,Eiil::i:L1,tj'ffi[:;
'lz't€gt'z'v ueLU auo 'pallH aq p111,--- :
'g'Ig7^{] rea} pue ssaupes slrl ro} uosear aqt sr srql .aepni ,"^ro (srapro ;oradtua aql) apr--.:
sagr,u81s pro^ s arll pue qleap ro} saruel aql ,llar{ ut arr} aq} roJ "q+
spuels '(re,lt) aurtuel e Sur;ng ,ti,.'
+Id aW :umo sn{ salqurasar uor}en}rs srql leql ,Lrr1dr," S'"H;I{I
s,asroq^uo peaq sn{.rano pepuedsns (auolqlrur ,rrrrrl$r'"'jrX? -df,8g :9761 8ury :asauru -
ru3{ }e Su4urod s-aruel rnoJ qlr.u ,spoc 1oq-p", rüIM poiIII
äi} , rrosduoql :upr pu[ :t.]L -
}Id e ra.to z) tilto-l :uer1o8uo141 1 g r. ).
rrer{r e uo pareld sr raq}orq aqJ .uo4n)a*a ,rq ,re1d oj-äurpuala;d
'to6 1 (op 'V*--086'*0,.
CTO (alla^oN) saleJ rrls{ea5
ü82 JCC ,82 fd{
674 Hans-lörg Uther FFC 28!l trFC 28

György 1934, No. L20;Czech: Dvoiäk 1978, No.965; Slovakian: GaSparikovä 9E5 §",, 1,;.
1991f.I,No.242, Ga§parfkovä 200O No. 27; Slovene: YedeL2 (1849) 150f.; Serbian:
Vröeviö 1868f. II, 46f.; Croatran: Stojanoviö 1862 No. 13, cf. Ardalii 1908a, No. 18;
Rumanian: Stroescu 1969 tr, No.4975;Bulgarian: BFP; Greek Dawkins 1950, No. 18, the ruler agrees fu
Megas/Puchner 1998; Polish: cf. KrzyLanowski 1962f. I, No. 946; Russiary because she Ls sti
Byelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Iewish: Jason 1965, Noy 1968, No. 61, lason1975, another son. OrLl
1988a; Georgian: Kurdovarudze2000; Aramaic: Arnold 1994, No. 12; Palestinian: explanation {ru-;r
Schmidt/Kahle 1918f. II, No. 123, El-Shamy 2004; Saudi Arabiaru Qatar: El- sorL the brother;
Shamy 200 4; h anian: Marzolph 198 4; lndian, Sri Lankan: Thompson / Roberts
1960; Chinese:Ting1978; Cambodian: Gaudes 1982 No. 72; English-Canadian:
Remarks: Early literan- tre
Halpert/Widdowson 1996II, No. 67; Mexican: Robe 1973; Egyptian" Libyan: E1- Literature/Variants : Kirdrt
Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Topper 1986, No. 24; Sudanese: El-Shamy 2004;Ethi-
No. 2; Aly 1.927,35,109; B;
opian: Müller 1992, No. 118.
Masing); Hansen 2002, 61-
Icelandic: Boberg 1966, \r
983 TheDishes of the SameElauor. Avirttous woman (virgin, wife, wid- Spanish: Childers 1948, \o.
ow) tries to escape from the attentions of a mighty man (king ruler). ToSev 1954, 280; BuJgarian
She serves him dishes that look differentbut taste identical (different ]ewish: Haboucha 1992; Ä:
colored eggs, same drinks in different glasses). 1980, No. 45, El-Shamv ?ü
In response to his question what this means, she compares the 1921, No.43; Filipino: Fansl
dishes with women: Even if they look different, they are all alike. 100; Egyptian, Sudanese: E
This is why it is not worthwhile to change sexual partners. The man
is dissuaded from his amorous purpose and contents himself with 985* The Suckleil Prist
his own wife []811. ed to starvation i
sion to visit him
Remarks: Oriental orirgtr. (Seoen Wise Men). Early European version see Boccaccio, thoroughly so tlr,
Decamerone (I,5). condemned man
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892fiLYIJ, 122f. No. 391(2), V[I, 35 No. 2; Basset One day the 1

1924ff.II, 25 No. 13; Wesselski 1925,209-211; Schwarzbaum1.968, Nos. 64 123, father through a.
455, 464; Ranelagh 1979, 227--229;EM a $984 a69471 (E. Moser-Rath); Marzolph suckles strange m;
1992II, No.1084.
by the woman's (
Finnish: Rausmaa 1982ff . II, No. 202; Latv ian: Aräj s / Medn e 197 7 ; Lithuanian:
927.
Kerbelyte 1999ff.II; Spanish: Chevalier 1983, Nos.80-88; Portuguese: Braga 1987
I, 19& Cardigos (forthcoming); German: Kubitschek 1920,64;BulgeLrian: BFP, No.
Remarks: Classical origin" I
883Br; Albanian: |arnik 18901f.,296f.; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; Russian: SUS;
ext. 1).
Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 262 (2); ]ewish: Noy 1963a, No. 81, Jason
Literature/Variants: Knaad
1988a, Haboucha1992;Kurdish: Däal1laetal.1.989, No. 107; Syrian, Palestinian,
2l-37,298 ; W esselski 1 926a
Iraqi: El-Shamy 2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984; Indian: Thompson/Balys 1958, No.
1943; Deonna 1954; Deoru
J81, Sheikh-Dllthey 1976, No. 16; Egyptian, Algerian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004.
Abrahams 1,980, 24-28; Ltrc
Röhrich 2007,78t.
984 Palace fromBirilBones,In accordance with his wife's wisfu a king Spanish: Goldberg 198, \c
gives orders to build a palace made of bird bones. One bird comes Martinez 1955, No. H807.1
late, and when it arrives, it says it was thinking about whether men No. 3969 (Tubach); Dutch:
or women were worth more. It decided that women must be worth Kooi/Schuster 1993, No. 19:
more because those who obey women are subordinate to them. The 669, Wossidlo 1897ff. I, \c
king rescinds his order. 1986{f . W, Nos. iA. / 406, :A
86; Hungarian: Gvörgr. 19:
Literature/Variants: Schwarzbaum 1980, 273. L868f.I, No.177.
Bulgarian: BFR No. 983*; RussiarL Ukrainian: SUS, No. 983*; |ewish: Haboucha
1992, No. *981.
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uet.u pauurapuoJ
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pa{rar{-r slezvrle ar{s }rsr^ raq aroraq 1nq ,,(pep rul{ }rsrl o} uors
_sI
-srturad seq ralq8nep sH d1u6 .pepren8 dlasolc sr uor+Elrels ol pa
-uruapuor (ueuroat) ueru y (.eueuro5 selrre3) .Duosttd paly?ns ault
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,,(ureqglg :alruarua 1E .9N ,SOSf plsreqzpr.l :rreru€ry :7661etp,noqeg :qsra,raf
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'n)ne.-re8(otor)zwt!6z.oNzsz,rr.xtz6rrr:fr:?6';i9:;:;:;fr,,$ä::§
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:uPIUllsälPJ IZI 'oN 'ttro I :-
.raq dq pessardr.ul .pacelda.r aq +ouueJ raqlorq e l1u6 .ro. ,"q1orrn
.Bqo
'$l6t uo:e['lq oN .
o+ r{ulq aar8 pue ure8e Xr.reur o1 q8noua Bunod sr ar{s
l
IIES 'uerssnS :qf6 .oN ,l I:_
"rrrreaq
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?aF: ,
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919 (alla^oN) saleJ rrlsrl€ax ,BZ lCd ,82 lCc
T4 -f,
61,6 Hans-Jörg Utl-rer FFC 284 IFa _--

985** Measure for Measure. An official who desires a certain woman

agrees to set her husband (brother) free from prison if she will sleep
with him. She complies, but her husband is to be executed anyway.
When the wife brings a suit against the official, the ruler restores
her honor by marrying her to the official. Later the official is execut-
ed and his wife receives his property [K1353, T455.2].
tne gur rs I

Remarks: For popular treatment, see Shakespeare, Measure for Measure, and
Puccin| Tosca. Remarks: Documen
Literature/Variants: Kirchhof /Oesterley 1869Y,152f.; Köhter/Bolte 1898ff. III, LiteratureAy'ariants
221.;ZNk.12(1902) 65; EM 5 (1987) 838; Tomkowiak1991; EM 9 (1999) 390-394 i1931 3lr 1ll. --=:: :
(I. Tomkowiak). 1959; Tubach 1969, \r
Spanish: Goldberg 1998, No. K1353; German: Brunner/Wachinger 1986ff. IV No. Brunold-Bigler 1985,
lFolzll\0, No. lMarn/1/505, V No. lSc]lrrll1l30, Vf No. 2A1630, X, No.'zSl2500; Finnish: Simonsuuri
|ewish: Bin Gorion l9l9ff .1, 1,06ff .,324ff .,354. Lappish: Qvigstad 1
Kristensen 7892ff.Y,
986 The Lazy Husband. A king marries his daughter to a lazy man 1943,97 No. 697; Frisian:
(mother's boy,beggar). Forced by his wife to work, he joins a cata- Cerman: Peuckert 1961f. 1.
Büchli / Brunold-Bigler 19Si
van. In the desert he climbs into a well in order to fetch water. He
finds a kidnapped girl (princess) and a pomegranate. He sends the
Anhorn 2003,19L No. f:i
Büchli / Brunold-Bigler 19S
pomegranate to his wife, and out of it fall jewels. She becomes rich 727, 7 45f .; Hungarian: \N
and builds a palace. He returns the kidnapped girl to her father and
returns home to his wife. Cf. Types 677,7378*. 990 The Seemingly D
demic and falls
Combination s: 67 7, 91.08, 9-1.0K, 923, 9238, and 1615.
buried and put-s
Remarks: Types 677 and 986 are not clearly differentiated. Early version see
documented in the 13th century by the Persian-speaking Galäloddin Rwrrri, Eihi
grave-diggers re
md fihi (Rumi/Arberry 196L,95f.).
and tries to rob t
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1.892ff. VI, 64ft. No. 233, VII, 155ff. No. 437; Thereup
Schwarzbaum t968,77; EM 3 (1981) 1084-1093 (U. Masing). lea-, e. .r' .
Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; Turkish: Eberhard/Boratav 1953, No. 256; |ewish: Kllr ,l -.
, ,i l- .

Noy 1963a, No. 40, lason1.975; Kurdish: DLallla et al. t989, No. 86; Armenian:
Gullakjan L991;Kirghiz Potanin 1917, No. 34; Syrian: Nowak 1969, No. 284, cf.
No. 113, El-Shamy 2004;Lebanese: Nowak 1969, No. 284, El-Shamy 2004;Pal-
estinian: Schmidt/Kahle 1918f. I, No.40, Nowak 1969, No. 284, cf. No. 113, El-
Shamy 2004; Jordanian, Iraqi, Yemenite: El-Shamy 2004; Saudi Arabian: cf. Jahn
1970 No.3& El-Shamy2004; Iranian: Marzolph 1984, No.*986;Afghan: Borcherding
1975, No. 21,;Egyptian, Tunisian: El-Shamy 2004; Moroccan: Nowak 1969, No.
284, cf. No. 113; Sudanese: Kronenberg/Kronenberg 1978, No. 1, El-Shamy 2004.

987 False Magician Exposed by Clezter Giil, This tale exists chiefly in
two different forms:
(1)A magician deceives the eyes of spectators making them be-
lieve that a rooster can pull (carry) a heavy beam (a rope-dancer can
push a cart, juggle a beam).
A girl with a four-leafed shamrock (snake, dead toad, salaman-
der) understands the trick and states that the rooster can only pull
straw [K1963.1]. The magician takes revenge by making the girl be-
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618 Halrs-Jörg Uther FFC 284 FFC 284

Bigler/Anhorn 2003, 232, No. 553; Ladiniar.r: Büchli/Brtinold-Bigler 1989ff. III, 1082 (K. Ranke).
498,600; Czech: Tilie 1929ff. l, 1631f.; Hungarian: MNK IV Slor.akian: Polivka Dutch: Kooi 2003, Nos. iS" .

1923ff. V No. 177; Slovene: Kühar/Novak 1988, 152f.; Serbian: cf. Djordjeviö/ (EM archive), Grubmüller 1
Milo§evi6-Djordjeviö 1988, No. 162; Bulgarian: BFP; Greek: Megas/Puchner 1998; ish: Eberhard/Boratar- 195:
Polish: Krzy2anor,r,ski1962I.I; Bvelorussian, Ukrainian: SUS; Tr-rrkish: Eberhard/ 1920, No. 13; Kurdish: \\er
Boratar, 1953, cI. Nos. 307, 317; Cvpsr.: Mode 1983ff. iV No. 215, MNK X 1; Chu- Kirghiz: Potanin 191 , . \rr.
vash: Kecskem6ti/ Paunonen 197 1; Armenian: Guilakjan 1990; Mongolian: No. 94; Syrian. Palestiniar,
Michajlor, 7962,60-63; Syrian: El-Shamv 2004; Chinese: Ting 1978; ]apanese: 1919, No. 36; Egr.ptian. Tu,
Ikeda 1971, Inada/Ozau,aL977ff.; French-Canadian: Delarue/Tenöze 1964ti.IV 1898,172ff ., El-Shamr- lüt14:
2; US-Americarr: Baughman1966; Spanish-American: TFSP 19 (19,1,1) 81; African Shamy 2004.
American: Dorson 1958, No. 52; Egyptian, Moroccan: El-Shamy 2004; Namibian:
Schmidt 1991, No. 18; South African: Schmidt 1989 II, No. 2292.

992 The Eaten Heart. A knight \voos a married woman. The husband
kills his rvife's lor.,er (suitor) and orders the cook to prepare his heart
and to serve it to his lt,ife. When she praises the mea1, he tel1s her
what she has eaten, remarking that her lover pieases her dead as
r,r,ell as alive.
Thereupon she jumps out the l,r,indow. (refuses any food, dies
from pain). The husband regrets his deed (is punished by the ruler,
by the n oman's relatives) [Q478.1].

Remarks: Documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. Tt'istorr Romnnce (ca. 1170). For
another earlv version see Boccaccio , Decnmerone (IV,1). Ancient Greek stories in-
clude similar motifs of unr,r,ittir.rg cannibalism, e.g. see Aeschylus, Agnmennon,
Sophocles, Ains.
Literature/Variants: Matzke 1911; Haur.ette 1912; Basset 79241f .II, 221 No. 9;
Pauli/Bolte 1924 I, No. 231; Besthoil.r 1935,58-62; DVldr 1935ff. I, No. 16; Legman
1968f. I, 650-663; Tubach 1969, No. 1022;Frenzel 1988, 315-318; EM 6 (1990) 933-
839 (A. Gier); Biamires 1993.
French: Tegethoff 1923 I, No. 16, Delarue/Tenöze l964ff. IV 2; Spanish: Camarena/
Chevalier 1995ff .IY; Catalan: Oriol/Pujol 2003; German: Grimm DS/Uther 1993
II, No. 506, Grubmüller 1996, No. 13; ltalian: Cirese / Sera{ini 7975; Hungarian:
György 1934, No. 33; Svrian, Yemenite: E1-Shamv 2004; Cambodian: Gar-rdes 1987,
No. 87; Mayan: Peflalosa 1992; Egyptian: El-Shamr, 2004.

992A The Adulteress's Penance. A merchant admjres a sovereign r.vho in-

vites him to his castle. At dinner the merchant observes that the
sovereign's wife is served her meal in a skull (her lover's head with
beard). In his bedroom he finds two dead young men hanging. The
sovereign explains to him that his wife had committed adulterv with
a duke r,r,,hereupon he had him beheaded. In return, the son of the
duke kil1ed the two young men. As penance, the woman has to eat
from the skull, and the tr,r.o corpses are a rerninder of the murder.

Combinations: 449, 507, and 851.

Remarks: Documented in the Middle Ages, e.g. Gesta Romant,rurir (No. 56).
Literature/Variants: Chauvin 1892ff. VIII, 161f. No. 170; \&'urzbach 1899; BP I, 198;
Pauli/ Bolte 1924 I, No. 223; Bloch 1968; Tübach 1969, No. 2475;EM2 (1979) 1076-
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