Grammar and Vocabulary APTIS

MANUAL DE
PREPARACIÓN APTIS
1
TEMA 1
1.TO BE AND TO HAVE:
TO BE (SER/ESTAR)
PRESENT PAST Para negar con el verbo To Be, tenemos que añadir not
(am not, is not, are not) o en forma abreviada (‘m not,
I AM WAS aren’t, isn’t). La estructura que seguir es la siguiente.
YOU ARE WERE Afirmativa: You are happy
HE Negativa: You aren’t happy

SHE IS WAS
IT Interrogativa: Are you happy?
WE
YOU ARE WERE
THEY
TO HAVE (TENER)
PRESENT PAST
Para negar con el verbo To Have , tenemos que añadir el
I HAVE Do not o en forma abreviada Don’t. La estructura que
seguir es la siguiente:
YOU HAVE
Afirmativa: You have brothers
HE
SHE HAS HAD Negativa: You don’t have brothers
IT
Interrogativa: Do you have brohters?
WE HAVE
YOU
THEY
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2 . C O U N TA B L E A N D U N C O U N TA B L E N O U N :
2.1. COUNTABLE NOUNS:
Los sustantivos contables son aquéllos que, como el nombre indica, pueden contarse y, por lo
tanto, tienen dos formas: el singular y el plural.
• Examples: Dog / dogs perro / perros Baby / babies bebé / bebés Dish / dishes plato / platos
Algunos sustantivos contables tienen plurales irregulares:
- One child – two children un niño - dos niños
- One man – two men un hombre - dos hombres
- One woman – two women una mujer - dos mujeres
- One foot – two feet un pie - dos pies
- One tooth – two teeth un diente - dos dientes
- One person – two people una persona - dos personas
Éstos son algunos determinantes que podemos usar con sustantivos incontables:
- A, an un/a
- A few, many unos pocos, muchos
- One, two three, etc. uno, dos, tres, etc.
2.2. UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS:
Los sustantivos incontables son aquéllos que no podemos contar. Como resultado, no tienen forma
plural, y van con el verbo en singular.
- Examples: money, hair, homework, furniture, smoke, fruit, bread, information… dinero,
cabello, deberes, muebles, humo, fruta, pan, información...
Éstas son algunas expresiones que podemos usar con los sustantivos incontables:
- A little, much, a bit of, a piece of… - un poco, mucho, un
poco de, un trozo de…
2.3. THERE IS – THERE WAS / THERE ARE – THERE WERE
- There is and There was: se usa para los sustantivos contables e incontables en singular.
- There are and There were: ser usa para los sustantivos contables en plural
* There is y There are se usa para frases en presente (Hay)

There was y There were se usa para frases en pasado (Había
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3.PRONOUNS:
Subject Object Possessive Possessive Reflexive
Pronouns Pronouns Adjectives Pronouns Pronouns
I Me My Mine Myself
You You Your Yours Yourself
He Him His His Himself
She Her Her Hers Herself
It It Its * Itself
We Us Our Ours Ourselves
You Your Your Yours Yourselves
They Them Their Theirs themselves
- Object Pronouns: Se usan como como complemento indirecto, después del verbo.
Representa la persona o la cosa que recibe la acción del verbo. (a mi, a ti, a él)
- Possessive Adjectives: Se utilizan para indicar a quién pertenece el sujeto u objeto de la
oración (Mi, tu, su)
- Possessive Pronouns: Sustituye a un nombre o sustantivo e indican posesión, es decir,
a quién pertenece algo. (mio tuyo, suyo)
- Reflexive Pronouns: se utilizan cuando la acción del verbo recae sobre el propio sujeto
de la oración. (mi mismo, tu mismo, el mismo)
4. SAXON GENITIVE:
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5. ARTICLES
5.1. DEFINITE ARTICLE (THE):
• To talk about something for the second time for the listener.
• To talk about something specific that the listener and the speaker know about.
5.2. INDEFINITE ARTICLE (A, AN):
• To talk about a non-specific or general thing.
• To talk about professions.
• To talk about something for the first time for the listener.
** AN se usa cuando la siguiente palabra empieza por vocal o h**
5.3. ZERO ARTICLE:
• To talk about things in general.

Example: I like cats, I like cheese
• To talk about cities, names, streets
• Collocations:
§ At home / At university / at hospital

§ In hospital
§ Go to bed / go to work
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5.4. SPECIAL RULES
5.4.1. NO ARTICLE
We don´t use the or a/an with:
People’s name and titles Mr Brown David Professor Smith Uncle John
Named shops and companies Harrods Tesco Microsoft United Airlines
Cities, towns, states and regions London Córdoba Madrid Florida Andalucia
Most countries and continents Russia Japan Turkey Australia Spain Europe
Mountains, hills and lakes Mount Vesuvius Box Hill Lake Placid
Most roads, streets, squares and Park Lane Oxford Street Trafalgar Square Times Square
parks Central Park
Named airports and stations Miami Airport Victoria Station King’s Cross Station
Schools, Universities, etc. Yale University Middlebury College
Times, days and months At three o’clock At midday On Monday In December
Languages, school subjects and English Polish History Basketball Tennis Football
sports
Means of transport and By train By bus By email By phone
communication
Meals What time is dinner? Let’s meet after lunch
Nouns + numbers Go to check in 3A I’m in room 334 Look at page 98
We don’t use an article for: at home, at work, in bed, at school
5.4.2. THE
We use the with:
Names of oceans, sea, rivers, the atlantic Ocean the Black Sea the Seine the Nile
cmountain ranges the Himalayas the Alps
Countries with plural names, the United States the Netherlands the Republic of Ireland
Republic, Kingdom, etc. the United Kingdom
Organisations the World Bank the International Monetary Fund
Names of museums, cinemas, the Getty Museum the Odeon Cinema the National Theatre
theatres, hotels the Ritz Hotel
Places in a town, types of shops the bank the hospital the post office the station the
supermarket the chemist’s
Locations on the left/right in the middle on the coast/border
in the east/north/south/west
Parts of a building the ground floor the fifth floor the exit the entrance
Times of the day in the moorning in the afternoon in the evening (at night)
Historical periods the nineteenth century the 1950s the Middle Ages
Musical instruments Does she play the guitar? Can you play the violin?
Noun + of the House of Commons the University of London the isle
of Man
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6. QUANTIFIERS
7. VOCABULARY
Family and Relationships

Aunt Tía
Brother Hermano Mother Madre
Elder / older brother Hermano mayor Niece Sobrina
Cousin Primo/a Nephew Sobrino
Daughter Hija Parents Padres
Father Padre Sister Hermana
Godfather / godmother Padrino / Madrina Son Hijo
Grandchild Nieto/a Step-father Padrastro
Granddaughter / grandson Nieta / Nieto Step-daughter Hermanastra
Grandfather / grandmother Abuelo/a Twins Gemelos
Grandparent(s) Abuelos Twin-sister / brother Hermano/a gemelo
Great-grandchild Bisnieto/a Uncle Tío
Husband Marido Widow (woman) Viuda
Ex-husband Ex-marido Widower (man) Viudo
In-laws Familia política Wife Esposa
Son-in-law Yerno Ex-wife Ex-mujer
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Marital relationships Verbs
Divorced Divorciado/a Get divorced from Divorciarse de

Engaged Prometido/a (adj)
Married Casado/a Get engaged to Prometerse con
Separated Separado/a
Get married to Casarse con
Single Soltero/a
widowed Viudo/a (adj) Get on (well) with someone Llevarse bien con alguien
Marry someone Casarse con alguien

Other related words
Start / end a relationship with Empezar / terminar una
Acquaintance Conocido/a relación con
Boss Jefe
Colleague Compañero/a
Employee Empleado
Employer Encargado
Fiancé Prometido
Fiancée Prometida
Friend Amigo/a
Best friend Mejor amigo/a
Neighbour Vecino/a
Partner Compañero/a (sentimental
Activity
Choose the correct answer for each sentence:
1. I don’t want a boyfriend. I like being _ _ __
a. Married
b. Single
c. Engaged
2. Jack’s parents are _ _ _, so he only sees his dad once every two weeks.
a. Widowed
b. In-laws
c. Divorced
3. My brother’s daughter is my _______.
a. Nephew
b. Niece
c. Grandchild
4. When I married Erik, his mother became my ___.
a. Mother-in-law
b. Step-mother
c. Godmother
5. He has been a ____ since his wife passed away.

a. Widow
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b. Widower
c. Window
6. Marta’s children, Chris and Jessica, were born at the same time. They are _______
a. Brothers
b. Friends
c. Twins
7. Three years after getting divorced, my mother married John. Now I can say that
John is my _____ .
a. Step-father
b. Father-in-law
c. Godfather
8. The relative I admire the most in my family is my _____. He is my father ’s

elder brother.
a. Uncle
b. Aunt
c. Step-brother
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TEMA 2
1. COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES
ADJECTIVES
1.1. COMPARATIVES:
Examples: Mr Bean is funnier than Torrente / Córdoba is bigger than Jaen / Snakes are
more dangerous than birds
COMPARATIVES
Short adjectives Long adjectives
Two Syllables Two or More

One Syllable
ending in -Y Syllables
(-ER)
(-ER) (MORE)
WIDER HAPPIER MORE BEAUTIFUL

TALLER
BIGGER HUNGRIER MORE DANGEROUS
OLDER
HOTTER DIRTIER MORE EXPENSIVE
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1.2. SUPERLATIVES:
Examples: Raul is the tallest boy in my class / Córdoba is the hottest place in Spain /
Cordoba is the most beautiful city in the world
SUPERLATIVES
Short adjectives Long adjectives
2 Syllables ending in
1 Syllable 2 Syllables or more
-Y
(-EST) (THE MOST)
(-EST)
THE WIDEST THE HAPPIEST THE MOST

THE TALLEST
THE BIGGEST THE HUNGRIEST EXPENSIVE
THE OLDEST
THE HOTTEST THE DIRTIEST THE MOST DIFFICULT
1.3. IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES:
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
GOOD BETTER (THAN) THE BEST
FAR FURTHER (THAN) THE FURTHEST

BAD WORSE (THAN) THE WORST
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1.4. (NOT) AS + ADJECTIVE + AS:
- Allan is as tall as me (Alan es tan alto como yo)

- Lesley isn’t as pretty as Lin (Lesley no es tan guapa como Lin)
**No añadimos nada al adjetivo**
1.5. NEGATIVE COMPARATIVES (LESS):
- You are less tall than me (Tu eres menos alto que yo)
- The chair is less comfortable than the sofa (La silla es menos cómoda que el sofá)
1.6. NEGATIVE SUPERLATIVES (LEAST):
- This is the least comfortable chair (Esta es la silla menos cómoda)

- Pete is the least tall boy in the class (Peter es el chico menos alto de la clase)
1.7. STRONGER AND WEAK COMPARISONS:
• We can make stronger comparisons with: Much, a lot and far
Examples: - Madrid is much more expensive than Huelva.

- Peter is much taller than Sophia
• We can make weaker comparisons with: a bit, slightly and a little
Examples: - My sister is a bit younger than me

- Pepsi is slightly cheaper than Coke.
** Tenemos que seguir la misma estructura que con las comparativas**
2. -ED/-ING ADJECTIVES
• -Ed : estar à I am stressed / I am relaxed

• -Ing: serà I am stressing / I am relaxing
3. TOO + ADJECTIVE
• I’m too serious (Soy demasiado serio)

• She is too youung to drive (Ella es demasiado joven para conducir
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4. (NOT) ADJECTIVE ENOUGH
• I’m not funny enough (no soy lo suficientemente divertido)

• He is not old enough to drive (no es lo suficientemente mayor para conducir)
Too Enough
With an adjective Too + adjective (+ full infinitive) Adjective + enough (+ full infinitive)
Con un adjetivo Example: It’s too hot (to cook a Example: You are not tall enough (to
stew). play basketball).
Hace demasiado calor (para cocinar No eres suficientemente alto (para
un potaje). jugar al baloncesto).
With a noun Too + many / much + noun (+ full Enough + noun (+ full infinitive)
Con un sustantivo infinitive) Example: She has enough money (to
Example: Christian works too many buy a house).
hours (to have any hobby). Ella tiene suficiente dinero (para
Cristian trabaja demasiadas horas comprarse una casa).
(para tener algún hobby).
With an adverb Too + adverb (+ full infinitive) Adverb + enough (+ full infinitive)
Con un adverbio Example: He arrived too late to see Example: He was driving quickly
the opening of the performance. enough (to get noticed by the police).
Él llegó demasiado tarde (para ver Él conducía suficientemente rápido
la abertura de la actuación). como para llamar la atención a la
policía.
5. VOCABULARY
Holidays by the sea
Sightseeing holiday Rent an apartment Alquilar un apartamento
Abroad Al extranjero Go camping Ir de acampada
Go/do sightseeing Hacer turismo urbano Seaside resort Complejo vacacional
Have a look around Echar un vistazo alrededor Go to the beach Ir a la playa
Take pictures Tomar fotografías Sunbathe Tomar el sol
Spend money Gastar dinero Cliff Acantilado
Get lost Perderse Yacht Yate
Have a great time Pasárselo bien Sand Arena
Go out Salir Gentle breeze Brisa suave
Palace Palacio Rough sea Mar revuelto
Market Mercado Calm sea Mar calmado
Temple Templo Have a swim Darse un baño
Statue Estatua Get a suntan Ponerse moreno/a
Castle Castillo Suntan lotion / Sun Crema solar
Cathedral Catedral cream
Historic monuments Monumentos históricos Get sunburn Quemarse
Nightlife Vida nocturna
Be worth + -ing (visiting) Vale la pena (visitar)
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At the airport
Hotels and restaurants
Departures board Pantalla de salidas
A single room Habitación individual
Flight number Número de vuelo
A double room Habitación doble
Departure time Hora de salida
A twin room Habitación con camas gemelas
Check-in desk Mostrador de facturación
Full board Pensión completa
Baggage / luggage Equipaje
Half board Media pensión
Hand luggage Equipaje de mano
B&B (bed and breakfast) Habitación y desayuno
Boarding card Tarjeta de embarque
Book (v) Reservar
Passport control Control de pasaporte
In advance Con antelación
Duty free shops Tiendas libres de impuestos
Tip (v) Dar propina
Board Embarcar
Waiter / waitress Camarero/a
Delay Retraso
Bill La cuenta
Overhead locker Taquillas superiores
Wine Vino
Captain / pilot Capitán / piloto
Starters Entrantes
Cabin crew Tripulación de cabina
Main course Plato principal
Fasten your seatbelt Abrocharse el cinturón
Dessert Postre
Take off Despegar
How do I get to…? ¿Cómo puedo llegar a…?
Land (v) Aterrizar
There is something wrong with… Hay un problema con…
Terminal building Edificio de la terminal
Are you ready to order? ¿Estáis listos para pedir?
Baggage reclaim Recogida de equipaje
I’ll have… Tomaré…
Customs Aduanas
Where is the toilet? ¿Dónde está el aseo?
Hire / Rent a car Alquilar un coche
Activity
1. When we travelled to Tokyo we didn’t bring a map, so we got ______ .
a. Lost
b. Out
c. Money
2. London is an amazing city, but everything is very expensive. We spent ______ in a week.
a. A great time
b. All our money
c. Many pictures
3. Last summer I went to Mallorca and I sunbathed almost every day. By the end of my holidays
I had got a _______.
a. Bill
b. Sun cream
c. Suntan
4. We didn’t want to stay in a hotel, so we _______.

a. Hired an apartment
b. Hired a car
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c. Travelled abroad
5. The service in that restaurant was excellent so, before leaving, I ______ the waiter.
a. Asked
b. Tipped
c. Said
6. I’m leaving in a few minutes. Could I pay the _______ ?
a. Account
b. Tolilet
c. Bill
7. There was a mechanical problema and we had a tow-hour ______.
a. Delay
b. Departure time
c. Passport Control
8. A woman at check-in desk weighed our ______.
a. Passports
b. Luggage
c. Boarding cards
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TEMA 3
1. PRESENT SIMPLE
PRESENT SIMPLE
Affirmative Negative Interrogative
I / You work I / You do not (don’t) work Do I / you work?

He / She / It works He / She / It does not (doesn’t) work Does he / she / it work?
We / You / They work We / You / They do not (don’t) work Do we / you / they work?
Uses Examples Adverbs of frequency / Time
expressions
A regular habit or routine Do you work on Sundays? Always, usually, generally, regularly,
occasionally, frequently, often,
A general truth or scientific Water boils at 100º Celsius sometimes, rarely, seldom, never
fact
Stative verbs Mary doesn’t think my boyfriend is at 1o’clock, at night, in the
attractive moorning, on Fridays, every week,
Timetable The bus arrives at 8 o’clock once a month, how often…?
1.1. Rules for -es

• Verbs which end in -s, -ss, -x, -sh, -ch, -z = es
She fixes
He finishes
• Verbs which ends in -o: es

Go --- Goes
• We have two rules for verbs ending in -y:
- Verbs which end in consonant + y

Y > I + es: Study à studies
- Verbs which end in vowel +y = s

Play à Plays
1.2. Adverbs of frequency:
Always/usually/often/sometimes/hardly ever/rarely/never
Position:
- Present Simple: I always play football on Sundays (Antes del verbo)
- To be: I am always happy (Después del verbo)
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2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
I am reading I am not reading Am I reading?

He / She / It is reading He / She / It is not (isn’t) reading Is he / she / it reading?
We / You / They are reading We / You / They are not (aren’t) reading Are we / you / they reading?
Uses Examples Time expressions
An action which is happening He is reading a magazine now Now, right now, at the moment
now
A temporary action I am studying photography this year This year, at present
Future plans certains to My Friends are leaving for India tomorrow This evening, tonight, tomorrow,
happen next Friday / week / year
Execepciones Stative verbs: be, have, think, see, taste (smell), y mind.
§ Verbo To Be
She is friendly —> Ella es amable.
Aquí nos encontramos la forma estática del verbo, porque es una característica de esa persona
She is being friendly —> Ella está siendo amable

Aquí el verbo pasa a ser dinámico, porque en realidad, ella no suele amable; pero en ese
momento lo está siendo. No es una característica innata de esa persona.
§ Verbo To Have
I have a job —> Tengo un trabajo
Nos encontramos en este ejemplo, una de las formas de los verbos estáticos, cuando se refieren
a posesión
Are you having a good time? —> ¿Lo estás pasando bien?
§ Verbo To Think
I think it is wrong to smoke —> Pienso que está mal fumar
Aquí el verbo think está en modo de opinión, por lo que debe ser tratado como verbo estático
I’m thinking about buying a new car —> Estoy pensando en comprarme un coche nuevo
En esta oración refleja un pensamiento, una idea, simplemente.
§ Verbo To See:
§ Si se encuentra en modo estático, puede significar ver o entender; pero, si se cambia a modo
dinámico, tiene otros dos significados diferentes que son reunirse con alguien o tener una
relación.
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I see what you mean—> Entiendo lo que quieres decir
I see you now, you are in front of the bookshop —> Ahora te veo, estás delante de la librería
Dos ejemplos claros del verbo To See en modo stático, con sus dos correspondientes significados
I´m seeing Mary this afternoon —> Voy a ver a Mary esta tarde
I´ve been seeing my girlfriend since last August —> He estado viendo a mi novia desde agosto
del año pasado
El verbo pasa a modo dinámico cuando se refiere a los verbos reunirse con alguien o tener una
relación.
§ Verbo To Taste:
The food tastes good —> La comida sabe bien
Forma estática, está dando una opinión
The cook is tasting the food —> El cocinero está probando la comida
Forma dinámica, el cocinero está realizando una acción.
§ Verbo To Mind:
I don’t mind if we watch a movie tonight —> No me molesta si vemos una película esta noche
El verbo mind, refleja un estado de ánimo, pasa a ser estático.
I’m minding my own business —> Me estoy ocupando de mi negocio

El verbo pasa a ser dinámico pues representa una acción que está realizando el hablante.
3. VOCABULARY
Sports and equipment Entertainment – Adjectives

Hang-gliding Ala delta Tennis Tenis Exciting Emocionante Challenging Desafiante
Snowboarding Snowboard Cycling Ciclismo Thrilling Apasionante Relaxing Relajante
Scuba diving Buceo Rock climbing Escalada Competitive Competitive Dangerous Peligroso
Fly fishing Pesca a mosca Motor racing Carreras Frightening Aterrador Risky Arriesgado
de coches
Exhausting Agotador Nerve-racking Enervante
Rugby Rugby Ice skating Patinaje
sobre hielo Demanding Exigente Accurate Preciso
Mountaineering Montañismo Football Fútbol Cooperative Cooperativo Daring Atrevido
Archery Tiro con arco Badminton Bádminton Graceful Grácil Determined Determinado
Snooker Billar Boxing Boxeo Courageous Valiente Awesome Impresionante
Golf Golf Pool table Mesa de Enjoyable Agradable Emotional Emotive
billar Energetic Energético Dull Aburrido,
Archery range Campo de tiro Badminton Pista de pesado
con court bádminton Loud Ruidoso Tiring Fatigoso
arco
Crowded Abarrotado Upsetting Perturbador
Golf course Campo de golf Boxing ring Ring de
boxeo Childish Infantil Hazardous (muy)
Football pitch / Campos de Gloves Guantes peligroso
field fútbol Drab Monótono Balanced Equilibrado
Cookery Cocina (hobby) Gardening Jardinería Fit En forma Careful Cuidadoso
Well-organised Bien organizado Patient paciente
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Boots Botas Bow Arco
Arrow Flecha Racquet Raqueta
Shuttlecock Lanzadera Clubs Palos de golf
(bádminton)
Cue Taco de billar Bowling alley Bolera
Amusement Parque de Aerialist Equilibrista Hobbies
park atracciones Stamp Colección de Making models Hacer puzles
collection sellos
Roller coaster Montaña Wheel Noria
Cards Cartas Chess Ajedrez
rusa
Fencing Esgrima Theatre Teatro Backgammon Tablas reales / Painting Pintura
chaquete
Act Actuar Performance Actuación
Photography Fotografía Surfing the net Navegar por
Parachute Paracaídas Parachuting / sky paracaidismo internet
diving Sailing Navegar Running Correr
Hand crafts manualidades
Shows
Top class Primera clase Talented band Banda con
venue talento
Huge tent Carpa enorme Funny clowns Payasos
graciosos
Excellent Efectos de Expansive Escenario
sound sonido stage amplio
effects excelentes
Unforgettable Experiencia Smash hit Canciones de
experience inolvidable tunes éxitos
Nerve-racking Experiencia Awesome Experiencia
experience angustiosa experience impresionante
Incredible / increíble
unbelievable
ACTIVITY
1. To practice archery all you need is some arrows and a __________ .
a. Racquet
b. Bow
c. Gloves
2. I would like to practice parachuting, although this sport is said to be ________.

a. Dull
b. Crowded
c. Hazardous
3. –Let’s go to an amusement park this summer! –No, please __________. scare me.
a. Roller coasters
b. Gardening
c. Cards
4. The London Eye is a huge __________ from which you can enjoy awesome views.
a. Performance
b. Fencing
c. Wheel
5. I had a terrible time the day we went hang-gliding. It was ____________ experience.
a. An unforgettable
b. A nerve-racking
c. An awesome
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6. Last winter we went to Andorra to practice ski. This year we are going to the same place, but
we would like to try ___________.
a. Chess
b. Snowboarding
c. Fly fishing
7. A friend of ours has invited us to go ___________ with his yacht.
a. Sailing
b. Running
c. Sky diving
8. ____________ is a sport played with swords.

a. Scuba diving
b. Boxing
c. Fencing
9. I hate playing chess. I find it really _________.

a. Courageous
b. Drab
c. Risky
10. I love Frank Sinatra’s songs. He is part of a very _____________.

a. Talented band
b. Expansive stage
c. Excellent sound effects
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TEMA 4
1. PAST SIMPLE
PAST SIMPLE
I / You visited I / You did not (didn’t) visit Did I / you visit?
He / She / It visited He / She / It did not (didn’t) visit Did he / she / it visit?
We / You / They visited We / You / They did not (didn’t) visit Did we / you / they visit?
A completed action in the past We visited the museum las week. Yesterday, last week / year, two
I saw Juliet one minute ago days ago, in 2007, in the 1980s,
A series of completed action in When I opened the door, the dog barked in the 19th century, when, then
the past at the postman
2. PRONUNTIATION OF -ED
Pronuntiaton of -ed
Se pronuncia: /t/ /d/ /id/

En palabras que Sonidos sordos: Sonidos sonoros: ‘t’ o ‘d’
acaban con: p,k,ch,sh,s,f,h b,g,z,v,n,b,l,r,w,j
Ejemplo: Dance Hope Open Allow Paint Need
Laugh Stop Live. Chill Want Hate
Wash Watch Enjoy Try End Date
Like Shop
3. USED TO
- USED TO + INFINITIVO. (Solía)

• I used to play squash
• I used to play football
• I didn’t use to play football
• Did you use to play football?
- BE USED TO + VERB+ING. (Estar acostumbrado a)

• I’m used to playing rugby in the cold
• I am used to playing football
• I am not used to playing football
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• Are you used to playing football?
- GET USED TO + VERB+ING. (Acostumbrarse a algo)

• I got used to playing rugby in the heat
• I am getting used to snowboarding
• She didn’t get used to snowboarding
• He has gotten used to taking the bus
• Have you gotten used to taking the bus?
4. PAST CONTINUOUS
PAST CONTINUOUS
I was watching I was not (wasn’t) watching Was I watching?

He / She / It was watching He / She / It was not (wasn’t) watching Was he / she / it watching?
We / You / They were We / You / They were not (weren’t) Were we / you / they watching?
watching watching
An incompleted action in At 9 o’clock las night, they were watching

progress in a specific time in the tennis match
the past Last night/week/year, at 4
An incomplete action She was doing her homework when her o’clock, when, while, as
interrupted by another action friend arrived
Two inclopete actions in I was cooking dinner while he was
progress at the sime time in setting the table
the past
5. VOCABULARY
Food and drink

Chop Cortar Slice Cortar en
rebanadas
Grate Rallar Bake Hornear
Grill Gratinar / Fry Freir
parrilla
Roast Asar Boil Hervir
Cook Cocinar / Cooker Cocina (fogón)
cocinero
Chef Jefe de cocina Oven Horno
Wash Lavar Hob Hornillo
Kitchen Cocina Cuisine Cocina (estilo)
Lunch Comida Dinner Cena
(mediodía)
Plate Plato Bowl Bol
21
Saucer Platito (té/café) Dish Plato
Vegetables Verduras Vegetarian Vegetariano
Vegan Vegano Fast food Comida rápida
Takeaway Para llevar Kettle Caldera eléctrica
Teapot Tetera Freezer Congelador
Fridge Nevera Mix Mezclar
Stir Remover Whisk Batir
Soft drink Refresco Fizzy drink Bebida con gas
Menu Menú Catalogue Catálogo
Feed Alimentar Meal Comida
Recipe Receta
Health and fitness

Surgery Cirujía Infection Infección
Therapy Terapia Bandage Vendaje
Plaster Escayola Hurt Herir
Pain Dolor Illness / Enfermedad
disease
Healthy Saludable Unhealthy No saludable
Injury Lesión Injure Lesionar
Damage Daño Dose Dosis
Fever Fiebre Prescription Receta (médica)
Get over Recuperarse Look after Cuidar
Pass out Desmayarse Appointment Cita
Fit En forma Medicine Medicamento
Addicted to Adicto a Benefit from Beneficiarse de
Allergy Alergia Poison Veneno
ACTIVITY
1. It is very important to eat a ________ diet with lots of vegetables and fruit.
a. Healthy
b. Fit
c. Bandage
2. My grandmother is the best ________ in the world!

a. Cooker
b. Cook
c. Cuisine
3. Lasagne is one of my favourite _________.

a. Bowls
b. Saucers
c. Dishes
4. __________ people don’t eat meat, fish or even milk and cheese.
a. Vegetable
b. Vegetarian
c. Vegan
5. It’s 8pm already. It’s time to have _________.
22
a. Breakfast
b. Dinner
c. Lunch
6. Many famous actresses have to have _________ their nose straightened.

a. A surgery
b. An operation
c. A plaster
7. My back __________ so hard that I can’t even get up from bed.

a. Pains
b. Hurts
c. Injuries
8. Wash your wound properly in order not to get ___________.

a. An injury
b. An infection
c. A pollution
9. After the operation he was in such _________ that he was given a huge dose of morphine.
a. Pain
b. Fever
c. Hurt
23
TEMA 5
1. GERUNDIO E INFINITIVO
1.1. GERUNDIO
- Cuando es sujeto de oración

• smoking is bad
- Detrás de preposiciones:
• you should give up smoking
- Tras algunos verbos como:
• admit, avoid, delay, deny, fancy, enjoy, feel like, finish, hate, love, mind, like, miss,
regret, risk, stop, suggest, keep, can’t stand
1.2. INFINITIVO
- Para indicar finalidad:

• To pass an exam I must study
- Detrás de adjetivos:
• it is important to drink much water
- Tras algunos verbos como:
• agree, choose, decide, deserve, expect, manage, pretend, promise, refuse, seem,
threaten, want, would like to, beg, warn, afford, hope, need.
1.3. VERBS WITH TO AND ING
- STOP:
• TO: Parar para hacer algo: Stop to smoke
• ING: Dejar de hacer algo para siempre: Stop smoking
- TRY:
• TO: Intentar hacer algo – Try to cook
• ING: Probar hacer algo como experimento: Try driving
- REMEMBER:
• TO: Recordar hacer algo - She rememebered to buy shampoo at the supermarket
• ING: Acordarse de algo que ya ha sucedido - She could remember swimming in the
river when she was young.
- FORGET:
• TO: Olvidar hacer algo – I forgot to turn off the light when I went to bed yesterday.
• ING: Olvidarse de algo que sucedió en el pasado - I had forgotten visiting that
beautiful city.
24
1.4. USE TO IN THESE CASES:
1. Destination “We’re going to Paris.”
2. What time it is “It’s a quarter to 2.”
3. Distance “It’s about ten miles from my house to the university.”
4. Comparing “I prefer sleeping to working.”
5. Giving “I gave the book to my sister.”
6. Motive/Reason – with verb “I came here to see you.”
1.5. USE FOR IN THESE CASES:
1. Benefits “Yogurt is good for your digestion.”
2. Period of time “We’ve lived here for 2 years.”
3. Schedule “I made an appointment for May 3.”
4. Agree with “Are you for or against the development of nuclear weapons?”
5. Doing something to help someone “Could you carry these books for me?”
6. Motive/Reason – with noun “Let’s go out for a drink.”
7. Function – with verb (-ing form) “A ladle is a big spoon used for serving soup.”
- As you can see in #6, TO or FOR can be used for a motive/reason, but TO is always with
a verb, and FOR is always with a noun. Here’s a good example:
• I came to New York to work.

• I came to New York for a new job.
25
2. VOCABULARY
Type of houses Location

Flat Piso Detached Casa separada Village Pueblo City Ciudad
Semidetached Pareado Terraced house Dúplex Centrally located Céntrico Residential area Zona residencial
Cottage Cabaña Villa Casa campo Close to the shops Cerca de las tiendas In the suburbs En los suburbios
Storey building Bloque de pisos Castle castillo On the outskirts En las afueras Isolated Desolado
Apartment apartamento Penthouse Ático Crowded Lleno de gente In the country En el campo
(side)
Size Cost
Small Pequeño Tiny Diminuto Cheap Barato Expensive Caro
Huge Enorme Average La media Lowpriced Precio bajo (media) Overpriced Precio caro (media)
Family-sized Tamaño familiar ½ bedroomed Una o dos Economical Económico
habitaciones
Cramped Estrecho Large Grande
Wide Ancho Spacious espacioso
Appliances
Built-in-wardrobes Armarios Private parking Parking privado
General description empotrados
Nice views Bonitas vistas Rear patio (yard) Patio trasero Central heating Calefacción Air conditioning Aire acondicionado
Cosy Acogedor Comfortable Cómodo Entrance hall Entrada Fitted kitchen Cocina equipada
Secure Seguro Luxurious Lujoso Double glazing Doble Security system Sistema de
acristalamiento seguridad
Well-maintained Bien conservado Fully furnished Completamente Fence Valla Chimney chimenea
amueblado
Airy Aireado Noisy Ruidoso

Cold Frío Brick walls Paredes de ladrillo
In the living room
Garden Jardín Garage Garaje Fireplace Chimenea Carpet Alfombra
Driveway Calzada Porch porche
Sofa Sofá Paintings Cuadros
Candlesticks Candelabros Armchair Butaca
USEFUL VOCABULARY Chair Silla Cushions Cojines

Living room Salón Dining room Comedor Coffee table Mesita de café Curtains cortinas
Kitchen Cocina Bathroom Baño Bookshelf Estante Light switch Interruptor
Toilet Aseo Hall Recibidor Socket Enchufe (pared) Lamp lámpara
Pantry Despensa Laundry room Lavandería
Cellar Bodega Attic Desván
Basement Sótano Storage room trastero In the kitchen
Cupboard Armario Worktop Encimera
Cooker Cocina (fogones) Microwave Microondas
In the bath room and bedroom
Dishwasher Lavavajillas Sink Fregadero
Double bed Cama de Single bed Cama individual
matrimonio Taps Grifos Freezer Congelador
Bedside table Mesita de noche Chest of drawers Cajonera
Fridge Nevera Wastebin basura
Wardrobe Armario Mirror Espejo
Saucepan Olla pequeña Coffee machine Cafetera
Bath Bañera Shower Ducha
Frying pan Sartén Teatowel Trapo de cocina
Washbasin Lavabo Toilet váter
26
Activities
1. The singer bought a small __________ in the country

a) Bungalow
b) Cottage
c) Penthouse
d) Mansion
2. Mary invited me into the _________ room to see her new table for family events
a) Guest
b) dining
c) utility
d) games
3. He bought a well-equipped __________ with many modern conveniences

a) Pool
b) Garage
c) Garden
d) Flat
4. They keep all the old toys in the _________ so they don’t get wet
a) Cellar
b) Attic
c) Garden
d) Terrace
5. They lived in a _________ house, so they weren’t connected to the one next door.
a) Detached
b) Council
c) Terraced
d) Semi-detached
6. The house is situated _________ the outskirts, so it is quiet

a) In
b) On
c) to
d) of
7. I like living in the country side because you can ___________ fresh air
a) Live
b) Breathe
c) Have
d) Tak
8. This village is _________ there is nobody around

a) Crowded
b) Interesting
c) Noisy
d) Isolated
27
9. China has many problems caused by the _________, its inhabitants have to wear a mask
a) Economy
b) Suburbs
c) Pollution
d) Rainforest
10.I have just moved into a new flat and I can’t sleep because of the __________ neighbours
a) Quiet
b) Peaceful
c) Noisy
d) Crowded
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TEMA 6
1. RELATIVES CLAUSES
1.1 RELATIVE PRONOUNS
• WHO- people
• WHOM- people (formal)
• WHICH- animals or things
• THAT- people, animals or things (informal)
• WHEN- time
• WHERE- place
• WHOSE- possession
1.2 DEFINING RELATICE CLAUSE
- NO COMMAS
- ESSENTIAL INFORMATION
- WHO / WHICH / THAT CAN BE OMITED IF THEY ARE OBJECT OF THE VERB
WE CAN OMIT THE RELATIVE PRONOUN…
• That’s the woman who helped me.
WHO is the subject of the relative clause, so we cannot omit it.
• That’s the boy who I talked to yesterday.
WHO can be omitted here because it’s the object. (El que habló fui yo)
- TIP: if after the relative pronoun you see a verb it is because the relative pronoun is the
subject. If you see, for example, a pronoun or a noun, you can omit it because it’s the
object.
EXAMPLES
- A man robbed the bank. He had two guns.

• The man who robbed the bank had two guns.
- A woman gave me money. She was young

• The woman who gave me money was young.
- A police officer stopped and arrested them. His car was parked at the next corner.
• A police officer whose car was parked at the next corner stopped and arrested them.
29
1.3. NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
- COMMAS
- NO THAT
- RELATIVE PRONOUNS CAN NEVER BE OMITTED
- EXTRA INFORMATION
EXAMPLES
- John Lennon was born in Liverpool. He was a famous singer.

• John Lennon, who was born in Liverpool, was a famous singer.
• John Lennon, who was a famous singer, was born in Liverpool.
- Madrid is the capital of Spain. I live there.

• Madrid, where I live, is the capital of Spain.
BE CAREFUL WITH PLACES:
• I like restaurants where there aren’t many people.

• I like restaurants which are small.
- We spent our holidays in Scotland. It is in the north of Great Britain.

• We spent our holidays in Scotland, which is in the north of Great Britain.
2. VOCABULARY
At school
Teachers and pupils
A class Una clase A classroom Un aula
Headteacher / Director/a Teacher Profesor/a Staffroom Sala de The headteacher’s El despacho del/la
principal profesores office director/a
Primary school Profesor/a de Pupil Alumno/a Library Biblioteca Language lab Laboratorio de
teacher primaria lenguas
(maestro/a)
A boarder Un/a interno/a Maths teacher Profesor de Café Bar Playground Patio
matemáticas Gym Gimnasio Auditorium / Salon de actos
Classmate Compañero/a school hall
de Desk Pupitre Blackboard Pizarra
clase
Chalk Tiza Board rubber / Borrador
eraser
School bag Mochila Book Libro
Exercise cuaderno Notebook Libreta
Phrases book
To go to Ir al colegio / To study Estudiar Dictionary Diccionario Pencil Lápiz
school instituto / Ballpoint Bolígrafo Fountain pen Pluma
/university Universidad pen
To learn Aprender To do my Hacer los Rubber / Goma Ruler Regla
homework deberes Eraser
To know Saber To play truant Hacer novillos
Pencil Sacapuntas Calculator Calculadora
To skive off Pirarse To miss class / Faltar a clase sharpener
school
To swot up empollar
30
Education Exams
Nursery school Guardería Kindergarten Jardín de la To sit / to take Presentarse / To pass Aprobar
infancia an exam hacer
Primary school Colegio / Secondary Instituto un examen
escuela school / To fail Suspender Marks / grades Notas
high school Oral exam Examen oral Written exam Examen escrito
Technical Escuela técnica University Universidad
Multiple Examen tipo To revise Repasar
college
choice test
State school Escuela / Private school Escuela privada
test
instituto
público To prepare for Prepararse para To repeat a Repetir curso
al un year
Public school Escuela pública Boarding Internado
exam examen
(BrE) school
Faculty Facultad Medicine Facultad de
faculty medicina
Jobs
Open Universidad a Private classes Clases Accountant Contable Actor Actor
University distancia particulares
Actress Actriz Air hostess Azafata
Academic year Año académico Term Trimestre
Architect Arquitecto Astronaut Astronauta
Degree Licenciatura Course Curso/asignatura
Au-pair, Niñera Baker Panadero
To do an Hacer un curso A degree Una carrera /
babysitter
English course de inglés course licenciatura
Bank clerk Empleado Beekeeper Apicultor
I’m in the Estoy en I study French Estudio francés bancario
second segundo at en la Barber peluquero Bookseller Librero
year University Universidad
Bricklayer Albañil Bus driver Chófer de autobús
To have a Ser licenciado I graduated last Terminé la
degree in en química year (from Carrera el año Butcher Carnicero Chemist Farmacéutico
Chemistry university) pasado / me
gradué el año Chimney- Deshollinador Consultant Asesor
pasado. sweeper
She graduated Se graduó en A dissertation Una tesina Cook Cocinero Customs Official de aduanas
in francés officer
French
A thesis Una tesis A doctorate / Un doctorado Dentist Dentista Disk jockey Disk jockey (DJ)
PhD (DJ)
A master’s Un máster Doctor Médico Driver Conductor
degree
Driving Profesor de Dustman Basurero
instructor
autoescuela
Electrician electricista Employee Empleado
Employer Encargado Engineer Ingeniero
Factory Obrero Farmer Agricultor
worker
Fashion Diseñador de Firefighter Bomber
designer moda
Fisherman Pescador Gardener Jardinero
Graphic Diseñador gráfico Hairdresser Peluquero
designer
Inspector Inspector Interior Diseñador de
designer
interiores
Jeweller Joyero Journalist Periodista
Judge Juez Lawyer Abogado
Librarian Bibliotecario Lifeguard Socorrista
Lorry driver Camionero Mechanic Mecánico
31
Model Modelo Postman Cartero Interviewer Entrevistador Introductory / Carta de
cover letter presentación
Nanny / Niñera Nurse Enfermera
babysitter Letter of Carta de Personnel Departamento
reference recomendación department de
Office worker Oficinista Painter Pintor personal
Photographer Fotógrafo Pilot Piloto Qualifications Títulos References Referencias
Plumber fontanero Police officer Oficial de Policía Responsibilities Responsabilidades Post Puesto
Position Puesto / posición Vacancy Puesto vacante
Politician Politico Psychiatrist Psiquiatra
Salary Salario / sueldo Salary Pretensiones
Psychologist Psicólogo Receptionist Recepcionista expectation salariales
Reporter Reporter Sailor Mariner Wages Salario / sueldo A day’s wages Jornal
Salesman Vendedor Scientist Científico Mínimum Salario mínimo Nominal wages Salario mínimo
wages
Secretary Secretario Security guard Guardia de Pay Paga Payday Día de cobro
seguridad Payroll Nómina / plantilla Pay slip Recibo de
sueldo
Shepherd Pastor Shoemaker Zapatero Fringe benefits Beneficios Maternity Beneficios por
adicionales benefits maternidad
Singer Cantante Soldier Soldado
Bonus Bonificación, plus, Rise (BrE) / Aumento (de
Sports Instructor de Stockbroker Inversor de
prima Raise suelto)
instructor bolsa
deportes (AmE)
Student Estudiante Surgeon Cirujano Overtime Horas extra Self-employed Autónomo

/
Tailor Sastre Taxi driver Taxista freelance
Teacher Profesor / Technician Técnico Full-time job Trabajo de Part-time job Trabajo de
maestro jornada media
Telemarketer / Persona que Tourist guide Guía turístico completa jornada
vende por Temporary job Trabajo temporal Permanent job Trabajo
telesales
teléfono permanente
person
Translator Traductor University Profesor Casual job Trabajo eventual Shift work Trabajo por
lecturer turnos
universitario Team work Trabajo en equipo Day shift Turno de día
Vet / Veterinario Waiter Camarero Evening shift Turno de tarde Night shift Turno de noche
veterinarian Apprentice / Aprendiz Unemployment Subsidio por
trainee benefit desempleo
Waitress Camarera Watchmaker Relojero
To be on the Estar de baja To apply for a Solicitor un
Writer escritor sick job trabajo
To hire Contratar a To earn Ganar (sueldo)
somebody alguien
To work Trabajar Dismiss / fire Despedir a
Work and employment somebody alguien
(del trabajo)
Employment Empleo Job Trabajo / To give Echar a alguien To lose a job Perder un
empleo somebody del trabajo
(puesto) the sack (BrE) trabajo
Work Trabajo Profession Profesión
Occupation Ocupación Applicant Solicitante To leave / quit Dejar / renunciar To hand in Presentar la
a a one’s renuncia
Application Solicitud CV Currículum vitae job un trabajo notice
form
Employment Agencia de Employee Empleado To resign Dimitir / renunciar To be Estar
agency empleo unemployed desempleado
Employer Encargado Boss Jefe / to be out of / en el paro
Interview Entrevista Interviewee Entrevistado work
32
ACTIVITY
1. Don’t forget to attach a ___________ in your CV.

a. Cover letter
b. Vacancy
c. Payroll
d. Bonus
2. It took Sarah a long time to find a new job – she was ___________ for nearly three years.
a. Employee
b. Employer
c. Unemployed
d. Employed
3. Being a firefighter is a very stressful __________.

a. Occupy
b. Work
c. Job
d. Boss
4. It takes a lot of hard _________ to be successful in this business.

a. Job
b. Occupation
c. Work
d. Position
5. Mary is 65 next week and she is leaving, so she is __________.

a. Being fired
b. Applying for a job
c. On the sick
d. Retiring
6. I made several mistakes in the exam, so I think I won’t ___________ it.

a. Pass
b. Take
c. Fail
d. Have
7. Our teacher told us to choose one of our ____________ to be our partner for the project.
a. Flatmates
b. Classmates
c. Workmates
d. Housemates
8. You have to ___________ hard in order to do well at school.

a. Read
b. Write
c. Listen
d. Study
9. I don’t like ___________ tests because you can’t justify your answers.
a. Multiple choice
b. Quick
c. Theoretical
d. Easy
33
TEMA 7
1. PERFECT TENSES
1.1. PRESENT PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT
I / You have talked I / You have not (haven’t) talked Have I / you talked?
He / She / It has talked He / She / It has not (hasn’t) talked Has he / she / it talked?
We / You / They have talked We / You / They have not (haven’t) talked Have we / you / they talked?
Actions that happened in the She has been to Italy.

past without saying when
with/without a result. I can’t play tennis because I have broken Ever, never, yet, just, already,
Experiences in you life my leg. recently, lately, how long…?, for,
Actions that started in the past They have had that car since 2000 since, in recent years
and continue up to the
present. My friend has lived in Córdoba for 4 years.
1.2. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
I / You have been working I / You have not (haven’t) been working Have I / you been working?
He / She / It has been He / She / It has not (hasn’t) been Has he / she / it been working?
working working Have we / you / they been
We / You / They have been We / You / They have not (haven’t) been working?
working working
It’s similar to the present The grass is wet. Yes, it has been raining For a year, since, 2002, how
perfect simple but in this all night. long…? All night / moorning/
case we want to emphasize day/ week
the duration of the activity. I have a terrible headache. I have been
studying since 5 o’clock
34
1.3. FOR / SINCE
For (duración) Since (punto en el tiempo)

desde hace / durante desde
A week Two Christmas Easter
1 month 2 years 1998 Yesterday
10 minutes Monday August
No sabemos cuando fué Sabemos cuándo fué

pero si lo que duró exactamente
1.4. ALREADY, JUST, NEVER, EVER, YET

+ + + ? -?
- She has just eaten. (acabar de)
- They have never ridden a horse.
- Have you ever been to China? (alguna vez)
- My sister has already read that book. (ya)
- I haven’t done my homework yet. (todavía)
- Have your parents left yet? (ya)
1.5. PAST PERFECT

PAST PERFECT
I / You had started I / You had not (hadn’t) started Had I / you started?
He / She / It had started He / She / It had not (hadn’t) started Had he / she / it started?
We / You / They had started We / You / They had not (hadn’t) started Had we / you / they started?
A completed action which took By the time we arrived at the cinema, the Already. By the time, after,
place before another action in film had already started. before, until, never, just
the past
35
1.6. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
I / You had been travelling I / You had not (hadn’t) been travelling Had I / you been travelling?
He / She / It had been He / She / It had not (hadn’t) been Had he / she / it been
travelling travelling travelling?
We / You / They had been We / You / They had not (hadn’t) been Had we / you / they been
travelling travelling travelling?
Similar to the past perfect We had been traveling for a few hours For hours, since last April, all
simple but you focus on the when it started snowing moorning, when, until, before
duration of the activity.
1.7. TIME LINE
Past Present
Perfect Perfect Future
Past Present
Simple Simple
36
2. VOCABULARY
Environment Expressions
Clima Clima Countryside Campo Be afraid of Tener miedo de Be aware of Ser consciente
Extinct Extinguido Forecast Previsión de
Freezing Helado Global Mundial / global Be Estar Be short of Tener poco de
enthusiastic entusiasmado/a
Heatwave Ola de calor Insect Insecto
about con
Litter Basura Mammal Mamífero Escape from Escapar de Prevent Evitar que
Origin Origen Planet Planeta somebody alguien haga
Preserve Conservar Recycle Reciclar from algo
something
Reptile Reptil Rescue Rescatar
Satellite Satélite Solar system Sistema solar Save Salvar algo de Think about Pensar sobre
Species Especies Thunder Truenos something
from
Wild Salvaje Wildlife Vida salvaje
Weather Tiempo Lightning Relámpago Worry about Preocuparse An increase Un aumento
(atmosférico) por in en
Earthquake Terremoto Drought Sequía
Volcanic Erupción Tsunami Tsunami
eruption Volcánica
Forest fire Incendio forestal Hurricane Huracán
Flood Inundación
Phrasal Verbs
Blow up Explotar Clear up Limpiar /
despejar
Keep out Prohibir la Put out Apagar /
entrada extinguir un
fuego
Put up colgar Build up Levantar /
construir (un
edificio
ACTIVITY
1. If you want to know the meteorological conditions for tomorrow, you should check the
____________.
a. Lightning weather
b. Climate
c. Weather forecast
2. Every summer we experience a __________ in Spain. During this phenomenon, it’s particularly
hot and dry.
a. Thunder
b. Heatwave
c. Freezing
3. When I was a child, I was afraid of __________. Now I enjoy the loud sound of it.
a. Insects
b. Wildlife
c. Thunder
37
4. I would like to live in a country with a colder _________.
a. Climate
b. Forecast
c. Lightning
5. I don’t usually see a lot of ___________ because I live in a city.

a. Insects
b. Species
c. Mammals
6. Last night a building caught fire. Few minutes later, the firefighters arrived in order to
__________ the fire.
a. Blow up
b. Put out
c. Build up
7. I’m going to _________ this poster on my bedroom’s walls. I really like it.
a. Clear up
b. Blow up
c. Put up
8. Cats, dogs and horses are different types of _____________.

a. Wildlife
b. Mammals
c. Reptiles
9. Crocodiles and snakes are different kinds of ____________.

a. Species
b. Insects
c. Reptiles
10. Gorillas and lizards belong to different ___________.

a. Species
b. Wildlife
c. Origins
38
TEMA 8
1. FUTURE TENSES
WILL BE GOING TO
1. Predictions based on opinions. 1. Predictions based on
(perhaps, maybe, probably…) evidence.
I think she’ll pass the exam. Look at the clouds!It’s going to
(creo que aprobará el rain.
examen) (¡mira las nubes! Va a llover.
2. Decisions taken at the moment of
speaking. 2. Decisions and plans made
I’ll have a cheese burger, please. beforehand.
I’m going to buy a car.
Offers, promises ( voy a comprarme un coche)
I promise I won’t tell anybody.
(te prometo que no se lo diré a nadie)
4. Schedules, timetables
PRESENT
The plane will arrive at 11 (arrives) CONTINUOUS
1. Fixed arrangement ( + time
expression)
I’m getting married in July.
She’s flying to London tomorrow
39
HOW TO MAKE NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES.
Remember to use the auxiliares.
- Will:
• she won’t go
• Will they travel
- Be going to:
• she isn’t going to eat
• Are they going to move?
- Present continuous:
• we aren’t getting married
• Are they going to London?
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
WILL BE+ING
I / You will be shopping I / You wiill not (won’t) be shopping Will I / you be shopping?
He / She / It will be shopping He / She / It will not (won’t) be shopping Will he / she / it be shopping?
We / You / They will be We / You / They will not (won’t) be Will we / you / they be
shopping shopping shopping?
An action that will be At this time tomorrow, I will be shopping At this time, at this time next…..
happening at a specific time in in town on Thursday, in the next year
the future.
2. VOCABULARY
Religion Culture and stereotypes

Bible Bíblia Church Iglesia Belief (plural: Creencia Believe Creer
Christianism Cristianismo Catholicism Catolicismo believes)
Christian Cristiano Catholic Católico Ethical Ético Ethics Ética
Devil Diablo Mass Misa Acceptance Aceptación Civilisation Civilización
Faith Fe God Dios Misconceptions Concepto Diversity Diversidad
Sin Pecado Hell Infierno erróneo
Heaven Cielo Saint Santo Race Raza Cultural shock Choque cultural
Pray Rezar Prayer Plegaria Stereotype Estereotipo
Muslim Musulmán Islam Islam
Tunic Túnica
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ACTIVITY
1. When I got to Japan, everything was so new and different…! It was a huge ____________.
a. Disappointment
b. Cultural shock
c. Misconception
2. Muslim people must ___________ 5 times a day.

a. Believe
b. Pray
c. Prayer
3. Many people ____________ in God.

a. Belief
b. Believe
c. Believes
4. The Christian religion stipulates that if you behave well, you will go to _______ in the afterlife.
a. Hell
b. Sky
c. Heaven
5. People from Morocco are ________.

a. Islam
b. Muslims
c. Mushrooms
6. Strange as it seems, Islam and Christianism share many _________.

a. Acceptances
b. Beliefs
c. Sins
7. Religions are based on people’s ___________.

a. Faith
b. Sins
c. Misconceptions
8. Every Sunday my grandparents go to __________.

a. Believe
b. Prayer
c. Church
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TEMA 9
1. MODAL VERBS
IMPORTANT INFO:
- The modal verb is the same for everyperson.

• I can...
• she can...
- It is always followed by a verb in infinitive without to (infinitive)

• They can go, you should eat
- It doesn’t need an auxiliary verb for negative or interrogative.

• I couldn’t run.
• Can they buy?
- Exceptions: semi-auxiliaries (need, have to)

• I don’t have to go.
• She doesn’t need to write / she needn’t write.
1.1. ABILITY (SABER / PODER)

- COULD (past)
• When I was 3, I could read.
- CAN (present)
• They can speak Chinese.
- BE ABLE TO (past, present, future)

• They were able to swim.
• I am able to read.
• We will be able to fly in the future.
COMMON MISTAKE: I will not can go = I won’t be able to go.
1.2. PROBABILITY
- MUST (100% SURE)
• Look at their luxurios house. They must be rich.
- MAY (60%)
• She may help you.
- MIGHT (50 %)
• It might rain tomorrow.
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- COULD (45 %)
• She could be her sister.
- CAN’T (100% IMPOSSIBLE)

• Look at their old car. They can’t be rich
1.3. ADVICE (CONSEJO)
- SHOULD (debería)
• She should stop smoking.
• She shouldn’t eat junk food.
• Should I exercise more?
1.4. OBLIGATION
- MUST (deber) present + future.

• You must pass this exam to fo to university.
- HAVE TO (tener que) ( past, present, future)

• They will have to study hard if they want to pass.
- NEED TO (necesitar) ( past, present, future)

• You need to have a special document if you want to visit Hungary
1.5. MUST VS HAVE TO
MUST HAVE TO
Necessity or requirement:
Students must pass the exams in order to Objective obligation imposed by others;
graduate. responsibility. Regulation, order.
Strong recommendation or order.

You must eat more fruit (should) I have to go to work.
You must stay calm ( should) He has to look after his children.
I have to pay a bill.
Objective personal obligation I have to read this book.
I must go to bed on time.

I must go to the gym this week.
I must stop smoking.
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1.1. PROHIBITION
- MUSTN’T (no debes. Está prohibido)
• You mustn’t smoke in hospitals.
- CAN’T (no puedes. Usados para permiso, esté permitido o no)

• You can’t enter that restaurante without a tie.
1.2. PERMISSION
- COULD (formal)
• Could I be late tomorrow?
- MAY (++ formal)

• May I come in, please?
- CAN (more used)

• Can I go to the toilet?
2. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
- TYPE 1: Probable Conditionals
A) IF present simple – future simple (will + infinitive)
If he runs, he will get there in time.
B) IF present - present (scientific and universal truths)
If it rains you get wet / if you heat up water at 100 ºC, it boils
C) IF present - imperative
If he comes, tell him to phone me.
D) IF present - modal verb (MAY / MIGHT / CAN / SHOULD / MUST)
If the fog gets thicker, the plane may/might be delayed.

If you want to lose weight, you should eat less bread.
- TYPE 2: Hypothetical / Improbable Conditionals (Unreal)
IF past simple - conditional tense (would + infinitive)

(could + infinitive)
If I had a map, I would/could give it to you.
If I were you, I would study harder.
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TEMA 10
1. REPORTED SPEECH
SE USA PARA CONTAR LO QUE OTRA PERSONA HA DICHO
- Direct Speech: Lola said “I am happy”
- Reported Speech: Lola said that she was happy
• Sujeto + say/tell + that + Sujeto + verbo transformado + complementos
• Lucia said: “I like my classmates” à Lucia said that she liked her classmates
- Reported Questions:
• Yes/No questions: Are you English? Lucia asked à Lucia asked if I was English
• WH-Questions:
Where have you been. Mum asked me. -à Mum asked me where I had been
**PRESTA ANTENCION AL TIEMPO VERBAL**
- Tell Vs say
Tell me / tell her/ tell him ……

Say to me / say to her /say to him ……
- Orders:
• Study for your exam. The teacher told us: à the teacher told us to study for our
exam
• Don’t park here. The policeman ordered. à the policeman ordered not to park there
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Adverbios de tiempo
Adverbios de tiempo
Estilo indirecto o Reported
Estilo directo o Direct Speech
Speech
Today / Tonight That day / That night
This day / week / month / year That day / week / month / year
Tomorrow The next day
The following day / week / month /

Next day / week / month / year
year
The previous day / The day

Yesterday
before
The previous week / month / year

Last week / month / year
or the previous week / month/year
Now At that moment / then
Here There
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APTIS TRAINING MATERIAL
Contents
MODAL VERBS
PAST MODALS
AUXILIARY VERBS
RELATIVE CLAUSES
ZERO, FIRST AND SECOND CONDITIONAL
FUTURE FORMS
USED TO AND WOULD
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
-ING AND –ED ADJECTIVES
REPORTED SPEECH
GERUND AND INFINITIVE
ARTICLES
ENOUGH – TOO MUCH
PAST SIMPLE AND PRESENT PERFECT
NARRATIVE TENSES
COUNTABLE, UNCOUNTABLE AND PLURAL NOUNS
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MODAL VERBS
(must, have to, mustn’t, don’t have to, should, shouldn’t – for obligation and advice; must, can’t, may,
might, can – for deduction; can, can’t, could, couldn’t, be able to – for ability and possibility)
(-) means no modal
1. You drink the tap water. It’s not safe.

a) shouldn’t
b) mustn’t
c) can’t
2. We only have to be there at 1 o’clock and it’s 9 o’clock now. We hurry.

a) don’t have to
b) mustn’t
c) won’t
3. You submit the report by Friday, otherwise the boss will be furious.
a) have to
b) must
c) should
4. The exhibition was free so I pay.

a) didn’t have to
b) mustn’t
c) hadn’t to
5. In schools in England pupils wear a uniform.

a) must
b) should
c) have to
6. I think people who live abroad learn the language of the country to be able to
communicate with the locals.
a) have to
b) must
c) should
7. This meeting is not obligatory. You attend.

a) don’t must
b) don’t have to
c) don’t have
8. This dish is really spicy. It have chilli in it.

a) must
b) may
c) can’t
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9. Amy be away. Her bag is still on her desk.

a) may
b) mustn’t
c) can’t
10. I’m not sure where he is but, he be in his room.

a) might
b) must
c) can’t
11. He has grey hair. He be older than 30.

a) must
b) can’t
c) may
12. He not remember me. We haven’t seen each other for ages.
a) may
b) can
c) does
13. He be serious. He be joking.

a) must, may
b) can’t, must
c) may, has to
14. I used to speak German very well.

a) be able to
b) be able
c) can
15. If I had better communicative skills, I would get a job in the media.
a) can
b) -
c) be able to
16. When I graduate, I will get a good job and support my family.
a) can
b) to can
c) be able to
17. When I was young I swim faster than anyone in my class.

a) can
b) able to
c) could
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18. I see much better with my new glasses.

a) am able to
b) can
c) could
19. I help you with your homework tonight if you want.

a) can
b) could
c) ‘m able to
20. I would love play the piano.

a) to can
b) be able to
c) to be able to
PAST MODALS
(should/shouldn’t have + past participle, can’t have + past participle, must have + past participle, might
have + part participle)
(-) means no past modal
1. I’m really hungry now and lunch is not until 2.00. I have eaten breakfast.
a) should
b) must
c) can’t
2. I was sure I had my umbrella with me this morning. I must left it at home.
a) have
b) –
c) was
3. My sister’s eyes are read. She might have an argument with her boyfriend.
a) have
b) –
c) had
4. Joe has been here many times. He have got lost.

a) can’t
b) couldn’t
c) mustn’t
5. I feel really tired. I up late.

a) shouldn’t have stay
b) shouldn’t stay
c) shouldn’t have stayed
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6. You can’t me yesterday. I was in Paris.

a) see
b) saw
c) have seen
7. It took her more than a week but she to solve the puzzle.
a) could
b) could have
c) managed
8. You have cooked. There’s plenty of food for everyone.

a) needn’t
b) don’t have to
c) musted not
9. I study law. My mother insisted on it.

a) should have
b) had to
c) could
10. You might have it. There was a small earthquake this morning.
a) fallen
b) feeled
c) felt
AUXILIARY VERBS
(-) means no auxiliary verb
1. You are the conductor, you?

a) aren’t
b) are
c) do
2. Let’s go out tonight, we?

a) don’t
b) won’t
c) shall
3. He has paid for the tickets, he?

a) has
b) hasn’t
c) didn’t
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4. He go out on his own, did he?

a) didn’t
b) hadn’t
c) did
5. It’s really hot today, ?

a) is it?
b) are they?
c) isn’t it?
6. A: ‘I don’t like pop music.’

B: ‘Neither I. ‘
a) am
b) will
c) do
7. A: ‘I have been to Italy. ‘

B: ‘_ have I.’
a) So
b) Neither
c) Do
8. A: ‘ I don’t go out much these days. ‘

B: ‘Oh, I .’
a) am
b) do
c) don’t
9. A: ‘I wouldn’t like to be famous.’

B: ‘ Neither I. ‘
a) do
b) am
c) would
10. A: ‘So you didn’t go to your sister’s birthday party?’

B: ‘I go to the birthday party, but I left early.
a) –
b) had
c) did
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RELATIVE CLAUSES
(-) means no relative clause
1. This is the song I was telling you about.

a) –
b) what
c) wich
2. Is this the bus goes to Teluk Cempedak?
a) –
b) that
c) where
3. She told her parents that she’d passed her exam, was a complete lie.
a) that
b) which
c) what
4. The man dog was on TV last week is my friend’s father.

a) whose
b) who
c) that
5. Hungary, is situated in the Carpathian basin, is famous for its baths.

a) that
b) which
c) where
6. Did you hear I just said?

a) that
b) what
c) –
7. My son, is very tall, wants to become a basketball player.

a) which
b) who
c) whose
8. A hospital is a place patients are treated.

a) where
b) what
c) which
9. I like best about London is the parks.

a) which
b) that
c) what
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10. They found the hole the treasure had been buried.
a) –
b) where
c) that
ZERO, FIRST AND SECOND CONDITIONAL

(-) means no conditional
1. you finish your homework, you won’t be allowed to meet your friends.
a) if
b) unless
c) as soon as
2. We won’t get a table, we don’t book.

a) unless
b) if
c) when
3. The exhibition is very popular, so book a ticket you can.

a) when
b) as soon as
c) if
4. I’ll pay you back I get my first salary.

a) when
b) unless
c) if
5. If I see Ahmad, I tell him you are looking for him.

a) will
b) –
c) don’t
6. When my mom finds out that I broke the vase, she furious.
a) will
b) will be
c) will to be
7. They won’t get married until they a place to live.

a) will find
b) found
c) find
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8. As soon as my husband finishes university, we abroad.

a) go
b) will go
c) will to go
9. If you water to a 100 degrees, it .

a) will heat, boils
b) heat, will boil
c) heat, boils
10. If her children are still ill, Kate won’t to work next week.
a) go
b) be going
c) going
11. If plants aren’t watered, they .

a) will die.
b) die.
c) will have died.
12. A: ‘Do you know why dad is not answering his phone?’
B: ‘If it’s three o’clock, he meeting with his clients.’
a) will
b) will be
c) have been
13. If we are lucky, we found a new baby sitter by the end of the week.
a) will have
b) will be
c) –
14. It be better for me if you came to my place.

a) would
b) will
c) to
15. If I live anywhere in the world, I would live in America.

a) can
b) could
c) to
16. If I an old dog, I would get a kitten.

a) didn’t have
b) had
c) had not
55
17. The kitchen bigger if we painted it white.

a) would looked
b) will look
c) would look
18. If I you, I wouldn’t go near that dog. It looks scary.

a) was
b) were
c) is
19. He would if he had the courage.

a) propose
b) proposed
c) to propose
20. He more attractive if he better care of himself.

a) would be/took
b) will be/takes
c) was/would take
FUTURE FORMS
1. Do you think it tomorrow?
a) will snow
b) is snowing
c) snows
2. A: Let’s go and watch a film after work.

B: Sorry, I can’t. I squash with Tom.
a) ‘m playing
b) ‘ll play
c) going to play
3. A: Is a whale a fish or a mammal?

B: Ask John. He the answer.
a) ‘s knowing
b) ‘ll know
c) will to know
4. I think I a new computer. This one is too slow.

a) ‘m buying
b) ‘ll buy
c) ‘ll be buying
5. I tomorrow. We can go to the hairdresser’s if you like.

a) ‘m not working
56
b) won’t work
c) don’t work
6. I my teeth checked tomorrow, so I might be late for the meeting.

a) having
b) ‘m having
c) ‘ll have
7. I my old car. My neighbor wants it for her daughter.

a) ‘m selling
b) ‘m going sell
c) ‘ll sell
8. A: Do you want me to give you a lift?

B: No thanks, I think I for a change.
a) ‘ll be walking
b) ‘m walking
c) ‘ll walk
9. Tom forty next week.

a) will be
b) is going to be
c) is being
10. The phone is ringing. I answer it?

a) will
b) may
c) shall
11. The plane takes off at 8.00 am and it lands at 6.00 pm. Julie to London at 10.00
pm.
a) will be flying
b) will fly
c) is going to fly
12. The last train leaves at 2.30 pm. By 3.00 pm the last train left.
a) will be
b) will have
c) have
13. This time tomorrow I going home.

a) will
b) will be
c) will have been
14. I have a savings account. By the end of the year I will RM 2000.
a) have safe
b) be saved
57
c) have saved
15. By the end of 2013 everyone finished the course.

a) will have been
b) will be
c) will have
USED TO AND WOULD
1. When I was a little girl I live in Madrid.

A am used to
B used to
C would
2. In the summer they walk along the beach and then have a swim.
A would
B used to
C are used to
3. Don't worry, I living with noisy children.

A am used to
B used to
C was in the use of
4. What do during your Christmas holidays?

A are you in use to
B were you used to
C did you use to
5. We anything special. Just the usual things.

A haven't used to do
B didn't use to do
C were not used to do
6. When she lived in Asia, she very little.

A got used to eating
B was using to eat
C used to eat
7. How to school before you had a bike?

A got you used to
B did you use to get
C were you getting
58
8. 'I this kind of food. I prefer something more traditional.'

A don't use to eat
B am not used to eating
C didn't use to eat.
9. As a schoolboy, I get late to class.

A wasn't used to
B would never
C never used to
10. Late at night, we sit by the fire and tell stories.

A used to
B would
C were used to
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
1. I am than my brother.
a) taller
b) the tallest
c) more taller
2. She is student in her class.

a) younger than
b) the younger
c) the youngest
3. Her brother is about 25 and she is a year younger than .

a) he
b) him
c) his
4. Diane’s car is the as mine.

a) as big
b) bigger
c) same
5. The hotel was from the city centre than we expected.

a) farer
b) more far
c) further
59
6. Could we have dinner a bit tonight?

a) early
b) earlier
c) earlyer
7. I don’t visit my parents often as I did before.

a) as
b) than
c) more
8. It’s the film I’ve ever seen.

a) best
b) most best
c) bestest
9. His not as as he thinks he is.

a) cleverer
b) more clever
c) clever
10. She looks much with brown hair.

a) good
b) the better
c) better
-ING AND –ED ADJECTIVES
1. A lot of people are by the idea of travelling to exotic countries.

a) exciting
b) excited
2. I bet celebrities find media attention .

a) flattering
b) flattered
3. I think skydiving is .
a) frightening
b) frightened
4. Please stop fidgeting. It’s

a) irritating
b) irritated
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5. When I didn’t know the answer to the question I was really with myself.
a) annoying
b) annoyed
6. I found the explanation rather .

a) confusing
b) confused
7. I’ve been unemployed for 5 years and now my wife has left me too. I’m so .
a) depressing
b) depressed
8. I just don’t understand how someone can be in geology.

a) interested
b) interesting
9. The Friday morning lectures are usually quite .

a) boring
b) bored
REPORTED SPEECH
(-) means no reported speech
1. “I have something to tell you.”

He told me something to tell .
a) he had/me
b) I had/you
c) he had/him
2. “Don’t wait for us.”

Our friends told us .
a) don’t wait
b) didn’t wait
c) not to wait
3. “Don’t talk while you eat.”

My mother told me not to talk while eat.
a) you
b) he
c) I
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4. “Can you bring me the bill, please?”

He asked the waiter he could bring him the bill.
a) -
b) can
c) if
5. “Switch off your phones.”

The teacher told us .
a) to switch off your phones
b) switched off your phones
c) to switch off our phones.
6. “I’ll call the manager.”

He said he call the manager.
a) will
b) would
c) to
7. “I’ve stopped eating meat.”

She said she stopped eating meat.
a) –
b) have
c) had
8. “What music do you like?”

He asked her
a) what music do you like.
b) what music she liked
c) what music you like
9. “Do you want to come over?”

John asked Mary .
a) do you want to come over?
b) does she want to come over?
c) if she wanted to come over.
10. “I went to see my mum yesterday.”

John said went to see his mum .
a) he/yesterday
b) I/the day before
c) he/the day before
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GERUND AND INFINITIVE
1. is banned in restaurants in Europe.

a) To smoke
b) Smoking
c) Smoke
2. ‘Why are you studying Malay?’

‘_ to talk to people in small villages.’
a) To be able
b) Being able
c) To can
3. I’m terrible at puzzles.

a) solving
b) to solve
c) solve
4. Are you afraid of ?

a) fly
b) flying
c) to fly
5. I called my mum her that I’ll be late.

a) tell
b) to tell
c) telling
6. I used in Spain before I moved to Malaysia.

a) work
b) working
c) to work
7. Everybody carried on until after midnight.

a) sing
b) to sing
c) singing
8. It’s not too difficult my house. It’s right next to the post office.
a) to find
b) finding
c) find
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9. Be careful leave the door open when you go home.

a) not to leave
b) not
c) don’t
10. Ala decided Sentha.

a) to marry
b) marry
c) marrying
ARTICLES
(-) means no article
1. We went to cinema last night.

a) the/the
b) -/-
c) the/-
2. Do you like music?

a) the
b) a
c) –
3. We walked to city centre, but we took taxi back to the hotel.

a) a/a
b) the/-
c) the/a
4. My aunt never wears second-hand clothes.

a) the
b) a
c) –
5. The date of the meeting has been moved forward to next Tuesday.
a) a
b) the
c) –
6. My brother is photographer.
a) a
b) the
c) –
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7. What beautiful day!

a) a
b) the
c) –
8. We usually have dinner at 8.00.

a) the
b) a
c) –
9. Who is girl by the door?

a) a
b) –
c) the
10. Lake Balaton is not in Turkey.

a) the
b) a
c) –
ENOUGH – TOO MUCH
1. Let’s go somewhere else. There are people here.

a) too many
b) too much
c) enough
2. He used to be a lonely kid. He had friends.

a) much
b) little
c) few
3. We’ve had rain recently.

a) a lots of
b) a lot of
c) few
4. There enough flowers in the garden.

a) aren’t
b) don’t
c) isn’t
5. My father is a pensioner so he has free time.

a) much
b) many
c) a lot of
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6. How many children do you have?

_.
a) Any.
b) None.
c) A lot of.
7. I think I made mistakes in the letter.

a) much
b) few
c) a few
8. There’s no need to hurry. We have time.

a) plenty
b) plenty of
c) no
9. He isn’t old to understand.

a) enough
b) too many
c) much
10. We have work.

a) much too
b) too many
c) too much
PAST SIMPLE AND PRESENT PERFECT

(-) means no past simple or present perfect
1. ‘How long at university?’

‘I started two years ago and I’m in my third year now.’
a) have you been
b) were you
c) you have been
2. What year London?

a) did you leave
b) you left
c) have you left
3. I a girl like you.

a) have never seen
b) never have seen
c) never saw
66
4. We haven’t seen each other we left school.

a) for
b) since
c) never
5. Have you ever that your students love you?

a) feel
b) felt
c) fell
6. I don’t see my best friend very often but I’ve known her 12 years.
a) for
b) since
c) –
7. I a car last week.

a) ‘ve rent
b) rented
c) ‘ve rented
8. She never been to America.

a) has
b) have
c) was
9. They in that house since their son was born.

a) live
b) lived
c) have lived
10. I have been a member of the Rotary Club since .

a) a year
b) my last birthday
c) a long time
NARRATIVE TENSES
1. My eyes were hurting. I staring at the computer screen for hours.

a) had been
b) have been
c) been
2. His English is very good. He lessons since he was five.

a) has taken
b) has been taking
c) had been taking
67
3. Amy was late for work because there a traffic jam on the way to work.
a) was
b) has been
c) had been
4. My mum called the firemen because someone the rubbish bin on fire.
a) had set
b) had setted
c) have set
5. The roads were slippery. It had snowing all morning.

a) –
b) be
c) been
6. My sister had to cancel her ski trip because she her arm the day before.
a) broke
b) had broke
c) had broken
7. My whole family got sunburnt because they put on any sun cream.
a) didn’t
b) weren’t
c) haven’t
8. I almost didn’t recognize him. He a lot since I last him.

a) changed/saw
b) had changed/ saw
c) changed/had seen
9. They a very large house in Langkawi.

a) had recently bought
b) had been buying
c) have recently bought
10. When the tests were done, the doctors back to the patient.
a) hurried
b) hurry
c) had hurried
68
COUNTABLE, UNCOUNTABLE AND PLURAL NOUNS
1. The accommodation satisfactory.

a) isn’t
b) aren’t
2. The news brought to you by CNN.

a) is
b) are
3. My friend’s got lovely in her house.

a) furniture
b) furnitures
4. I can always count on my friend to give me a useful

a) advice
b) advices
c) piece of advice
5. has arrested two suspects.

a) The police
b) A police
c) Police
6. Teachers are not allowed to wear to work.

a) a jeans
b) jeans
c) a pair of jean
7. Your glasses dirty. Can you see anything?

a) are
b) is
c) have
8. The very difficult last night.

a) homeworks were
b) homework was
c) home work was
9. Athletics my favourite sport.

a) is
b) are
10. I’ve got good news about the online component.

a) a
b) the
c) some
69
Aptis
General
Practice
tests
April 2020
Aptis practice test version 1
Grammar
& Vocabulary
Instructions
Please do not write on the question paper. Use the answer sheet.
Answer as many questions as you can in the time allowed.
Follow the recommended times for each section.
The test has two sections:
Grammar – 25 questions (about 12 minutes)

Vocabulary – 25 questions (about 13 minutes)
Total time – 25 minutes

Grammar
(25 questions – 12 minutes)
Write your answers (A – C) to questions 1 – 25 on your answer paper.
Do not write on this question paper. The answer to question 0 is given as an example on
your answer paper (A).
How old are you? (Example)
A. are
B. age
C. have
The woman sold me those flowers spent twenty minutes wrapping them.
A. what
B. that
C. who
A: I’ve just seen Mark.
B: You have seen him. He’s on holiday at the moment.
A. can’t
B. shouldn’t
C. needn’t
He emphasised in his speech that he received when younger had been

excellent.
A. education
B. an education
C. the education
She takes the bus to work day.
A. early
B. many
C. every
I’ll call you when I home.
A. get
B. will get
C. getting
We ate dinner and we watched a film.
A. then
B. since
C. so
We’re in a beautiful holiday home at the moment.
A. stay
B. staying
C. stayed
When I got home, Jenny on the telephone.
A. was speaking
B. speaking
C. speak
Coffee to be much cheaper a few years ago.
A. would
B. has
C. used
I’m not sure about my future. I will start a business.
A. Perhaps
B. Absolutely
C. Clearly
They ate their lunch while they coming home from school.
A. were
B. was
C. are
She bought it herself, she?
A. hasn’t
B. didn’t
C. shouldn’t
If the dress been so expensive, she would have bought it.
A. hadn’t
B. weren’t
C. aren’t
I a great book this morning – I really want to finish it.
A. was reading
B. read
C. have read
Excuse me? Can I try this jacket to make sure it fits?
A. under
B. with
C. on
I saw Wi Joo this morning and she if you were free tomorrow.
A. told
B. asked
C. said
When I go to university, I may history.
A. study
B. to study
C. studying
It be meat free – it tastes just like chicken!
A. could
B. can
C. can’t
It was a dark, moonlit night when the traveller at the inn.
A. arrived
B. was arriving
C. had arrived
If I hadn’t gone out last night, I be so tired now.
A. won’t
B. wouldn’t
C. hadn’t
I like mushrooms, but I can’t stop eating them now.
A. wouldn’t
B. didn’t use to
C. couldn’t
The newspaper China Today published for over 60 years.
A. is being
B. has been
C. was being
They said they studying for ages.
A. will have
B. are
C. had been
My father, is a dentist, told me not to drink sugary drinks.
A. who
B. which
C. that
memory of the day I met the president is very special to me.
A. The
B. A
C. (-)
Vocabulary
You need to write all answers on your answer paper. Do not write on this question paper.
Write the letter (A – K) of the word that is most similar in meaning to a word on the left (1 – 5).
Use each word once only. Write your answers (A – K) on your answer paper. You will not
need five of the words (A – K). The answer to question 0 is given on your answer paper as
an example (L).
0. create (Example) A train

B look after
1. choose C make
D decide
2. close E take
F shut
3. improve G propose
H believe
4. care J develop
K worry
5. practise L make
Finish each sentence (6 – 10) using a word from the list (A – K). Use each word once only.
Write your answers (A – K) on your answer paper. You will not need five of the words (A – K).
6. To oppose is to… A concern

B challenge
7. To teach is to… C instruct
D appear
8. To accept is to… E worry
F obtain
9. To get is to… G wish
H compensate
10. To pay is to… J assume
K approve
Write the letter of the word on the right (A – K) that matches the definition on the left (11 – 15).
Use each word once only. Write your answers (A – K) on your answer paper. You will not
need five of the words (A – K).
11. Wanting to know or learn something. A artificial

B brave
12. Not natural or real. C crucial
D curious
13. Not clear and difficult to understand or see. E fierce
F lazy
14. Having a flat, even surface. G obscure
H peculiar
15. Having a lot of strong feelings. J smooth
K emotional
Write your answers (A – K) on your answer paper. You will not need five of the words (A – K).
16. He had to walk down a long dark to get to A atmosphere

his room. B canteen
C ceiling
17. The teacher should maintain in the classroom D corridor
to make the lesson effective. E discipline
F envelope
18. She opened the and took a coat out of it. G fringe
H hedge
19. You should cut your regularly, otherwise your J museum
hair will get in your eyes. K wardrobe
20. The local has an exhibit about the history of

this area.
Write the letter of the word on the right (A – K) that is most often used with a word on the
left (21 – 25). Use each word once only. Write your answers (A – K) on your answer paper.
You will not need five of the words (A – K).
21. abstract A clean

B club
22. athletics C efforts
D food
23. congested E friends
F painting
24. frantic G roads
H speed
25. household J status
K tasks
Reading
Instructions
Please do not write on the question paper. Use the answer paper.
Answer as many questions as you can.
Time yourself properly to finish all the tasks.
Reading
(29 Questions – 35 minutes)
Choose one word (A, B, or C) for each space and write the letter on the answer sheet.
The first one (0) is done for you as an example with the answer A marked on your answer
sheet.
0. A. buy (Example) B. eat C. watch

1. A. very B. more C. same
2. A. think B. remember C. forget
3. A. closes B. loses C. works
4. A. hospital B. room C. business
5. A. almost B. around C. nearly
Can you (0) A some things after you finish work today?
We need (1) milk and eggs.
Don’t (2) to get a can of dog food.
The shop (3) late today.
I have an appointment at the (4) .
I will see you at home at (5) 7 o’clock.
Love,
Samantha
The sentences below give information for people joining a gym for the first time.
Put the sentences (B – F) in the right order. Write your answers on the answer sheet
(Questions 6 – 10).
The first sentence (A) is given for you on the answer sheet as an example.
A If you would like to join our sports centre, please pay attention to the following.
(Example)
B Please use the card immediately to open the sports hall doors to test it works.
C We will give you one of these when we receive your first month’s payment.
D In exchange, one of the staff there will give you your numbered key card.
E You can do this at the front desk any time during opening hours.
F Before you can use the centre, you’ll need a member’s card.
The sentences below are from a book about Japanese art history.
A In Japanese art there is a technique of arranging flowers in a traditional way.

(Example)
B Artists need to learn how all these elements and their meanings relate to each other.
C This technique allows artists to use flowers to create beautiful works.
D Their choices are important because different sizes and shapes have their own
meanings.
E They can learn about these in one of the many schools in Japan.
F The artist starts by choosing what to use for the flower arrangement.
Four people were asked by a local newspaper about their opinions of the town’s library.
Read the texts and answer Questions 16 – 22.
Choose one answer (A, B, C or D) and mark it on your answer sheet.
A Town Library
Person A
‘The problem with the library is the lack of computers. The few they have are always taken
and people have to wait ages to use one. This is worse during the summer months when
we have exams. I prefer to revise in the library because it's too noisy at home. Many of
the bookshelves seem half empty, so maybe some of them could be removed and more
computers installed.’
Person B
‘A lot of the books for children are quite old and in poor condition. They should update
the collection with current authors and replace a few of the favourite classics as well. The
children's area is well organised but books get scattered about. You need a member of
staff there to ensure the area is always kept tidy. There are usually three people working
on the front desk, which seems unnecessary.’
Person C
‘I find it difficult to find things in the library. The way the shelves are arranged isn’t
logical. They’re not clearly labelled and books often get put back in the wrong place. The
children's area is too close to the study area, which is supposed to be quiet. It isn’t when
large school groups come in. Also, the computers are too close together and there’s not
enough space to work.’
Person D
‘I've always loved the library. When I was a child it was a great place to meet friends and do
homework. I still go there to go online and read the news. There's no shortage of books,
but there are so few people working there. I’ve noticed that particularly when I’ve been
on a computer. There’s never anyone around to ask for help when they go wrong, which is
frequently.’
Four people were asked by a local newspaper about their opinions of the town’s library.
Read the texts and answer Questions 16 – 22.
Choose one answer (A, B, C or D) and mark it on your answer sheet.
16. Who thinks the library needs more staff?
A. Person A B. Person B C. Person C D. Person D
17. Who wants less space to be taken up with books?
18. Who thinks the organisation of the library should be improved?
19. Who thinks the library should have more books?
20. Who thinks the library can get noisy?
21. Who has had technical problems with computers?
22. Who uses the library for study?

Read the text below. Match the headings A – H to the paragraphs 1 – 7 (Questions 23 – 29).
Write your answers (A – H) on the answer sheet. There is one more heading than you need.
The answer to Paragraph 0 is given on the answer sheet as an example (J).
The Kon-Tiki
(J) A sight not seen in 500 years (Example)
0. In 1947, the strangest craft to set sail in 500 years crossed the South Pacific from Peru
to Indonesia. A Norwegian scientist called Thor Heyerdahl built the boat, Kon-Tiki, named
after the Indonesian Sun God, and made the massive journey across open seas with the
aim of proving his theory about the origins of the Indonesian people.
1. Heyerdahl believed that the Indonesian people had come from Peru. He said stone
heads found on Easter Island were so similar to those around Lake Titicaca in Peru
that there had to be a connection. But other scientists claimed that it would have been
impossible for the Peruvians to make the journey across open sea. They said the stone
figures had been made by Indonesians to frighten a local enemy they were fighting.
Heyerdahl thought these battles were really between Indonesian natives and Peruvian
invaders, and that the Peruvians could have made the journey. It was this that he wanted to
prove.
2. Kon-Tiki was designed by copying pre-Columbian illustrations and paintings. It was built
in Peru using local materials like wood, reeds and rope made from plants. There was no
metal used at all in the construction. The finished boat was 15 metres long and 5 metres
wide. The six-man crew, and a parrot called Lorita, shared a small cabin of 5 metres long
and 2 metres wide. They also had to carry enough supplies for the 100-day crossing. They
carried with them 1,250 litres of water and 200 coconuts as well as fruits and roots. The
US Army had also given them emergency rations and survival equipment. Their diet was
supplemented with the wide variety of fish that they were able to catch while at sea.
3. The crew members - four Norwegians and a Swede - who went with Heyerdahl included
a steward, an engineer, a sociologist and translator, a guide and radio experts. The only
modern equipment they carried was a compass and a radio, which was mainly used for
giving weather reports and relaying their position to the Norwegian government.
4. They set out from the Peruvian sea port of Callao on April 28th, 1947. A navy boat pulled
them 50 miles out to sea before releasing them. From there they sailed west, carried along
by the Humbolt current. Their first sight of land, Puka-Puka island, was made 93 days later.
Four days after that they saw Angatau Island and spoke to people from there but could not
land. Finally, after 101 days at sea and sailing 6,980 kilometres, they touched dry land on
the desert island of Raroia. However, people from nearby islands arrived in boats and took
them to their village where they were welcomed with traditional dancing and parties.
Read the text below. Match the headings A – H to the paragraphs 1 – 7 (Questions 23 – 29).
5. Heyerdahl’s trip sparked a number of reactions in other scientists. They said that he
and his team hadn’t sailed but drifted, and that it was chance that they reached their
destination. They also claimed that there was more evidence that the people of the
Indonesian islands had originally come from the West, and not from the East. However, as
recently as 2011, genetic evidence has been found which supports Heyerdahl’s claims.
6. Since the Kon-Tiki’s ambitious crossing, there have been several similar expeditions. Not
all of them were successful, but in 1970, the Spanish explorer, Vital Alsar, succeeded in
crossing the Pacific Ocean in the longest recorded journey of its kind. Alsar was convinced
that ancient sailors could read the ocean currents like road maps. He successfully proved
the point in 1973 when he repeated the voyage. More recently still, a Norwegian team
recreated the trip with a copy of Thor Heyerdahl’s craft and made an award-winning
documentary of the experience.
7. Thor Heyerdahl’s impressive journey has captured the imagination of generations.

His book, The Kon-Tiki expedition was published in 1948 and immediately became a
best-seller. His documentary, made on 8mm film, taken during the journey and including
interviews with the crew, won an Academy Award in 1951. The Kon-Tiki museum in Oslo
is one of the most visited places in Norway. And as recently as 2012, Kon-Tiki, the most
expensive Norwegian feature film of the journey, was nominated for an Oscar.
Headings
A Where they went, others have followed

B A debatable success
C Water shortage
D An experienced team
E Three months in the Pacific
F He had something to prove
G The technical aspects
H People are still talking about it
J A sight not seen in 500 years (Example)
Grammar
& Vocabulary
Instructions
Please do not write on the question paper. Use the answer sheet.
Answer as many questions as you can in the time allowed.
Follow the recommended times for each section.
The test has two sections:
Grammar – 25 questions (about 12 minutes)

Vocabulary – 25 questions (about 13 minutes)
Total time – 25 minutes

Grammar
Write your answers (A – C) to questions 1 – 25 on your answer sheet.
Do not write on this question paper. The answer to question 0 is given as an example on
your answer paper (A).
How old are you? (Example)
A. are
B. age
C. have
A: Do you think you will get the job?
B: , but I’m not sure.
A. Possible
B. Possibility
C. Possibly
I 25 years old.
A. have
B. am
C. do
I have English for three years.
A. studied
B. study
C. studying
A: I enjoy working on challenging projects at work.
B: So I!
A. am
B. do
C. can
We could cook dinner. , we could buy some takeaway food.
A. Therefore
B. On the other hand
C. Although
You really should to Barcelona – it’s a wonderful city.
A. go
B. to go
C. going
You need new shoes – those ones are too old!
A. to buy
B. buy
C. buying
When I was at school I used a good student.
A. to be
B. be
C. being
I’ve got no plans for the weekend. Maybe visit my parents.
A. I
B. I’m
C. I’II
I’m reading a really book on the history of Europe.
A. interest
B. interesting
C. interested
He’s about 40, but in this photograph he looks much .
A. young
B. younger
C. youngest
She has two books.
A. written
B. wrote
C. write
I don’t recommend driving in the morning because there’s too traffic.
A. much
B. many
C. most
I never do my homework, I hate studying at home.
A. so
B. because
C. although
They’re so different. I , there’s no way they’ll be happy together.
A. mean
B. decide
C. wish
Because of computers, many people don’t watch a lot of now.
A. the television
B. a television
C. television
I think, in the future, people live much longer than they do now.
A. ought
B. will
C. would
Call me tomorrow after 8.30, because I will just at home.
A. about to relax
B. have to relax
C. be relaxing
The doctor says I will much better by the end of the week.
A. to feel
B. be feeling
C. have felt
been reading this book now for a week and it isn’t getting any better!
A. I’ve
B. I’m
C. I’d
The garden is looking untidy – you need to get rid the weeds.
A. from
B. out
C. of
The next meeting on the sixth of June.
A. is holding
B. will be held
C. holds
of China is very interesting.
A. A history
B. History
C. The history
You have bought that car. What a waste of money!
A. shouldn’t
B. mustn’t
C. couldn’t
This is a train to London. It doesn’t stop on the way.
A. direction
B. directly
C. direct
Vocabulary
You need to write all answers on your answer paper. Do not write on this question paper.
Write the letter (A – K) of the word that is most similar in meaning to a word on the left (1 – 5).
Use each word once only. Write your answers (A – K) on your answer sheet. You will not
need five of the words (A – K). The answer to question 0 is given on your answer sheet as
an example (L).
0. big (Example) A area

B rule
1. design C money
D base
2. policy E chance
F department
3. fortune G plan
H approach
4. wonder J business
K surprise
5. opportunity L large
Finish each sentence (6 – 10) using a word from the list (A – K). Use each word once
only. Write your answers (A – K) on your answer sheet. You will not need five of the
words (A – K).
6. The group of people who protect a country is a/an... A figure

B board
7. A covering for floors is called a/an... C cottage
D army
8. A type of house in the country is called a/an... E desk
F crowd
9. A large group of people together is called a/an... G carpet
H character
10. A type of table used for work is called a/an... J case
K example
Write your answers (A – K) on your answer sheet. You will not need five of the words (A – K).
11. He made a/an because he was careless. A sock

B hood
12. The jacket has a/an to protect your head. C light
D script
13. The ship sailed into the on time. E witness
F error
14. The actors read their lines from the . G port
H call
15. The cycling broke the world record. J champion
K country
Finish each sentence (16 – 20) using a word from the list (A – K). Use each word once
only. Write your answers (A – K) on your answer sheet. You will not need five of the
words (A – K).
16. The board will the plan tomorrow. A fly

B involve
17. She needs to some money for school. C approve
D benefit
18. This fact is going to everything. E complicate
F compete
19. Two teams are going to in the race. G focus
H presume
20. She couldn’t on the question. J borrow
K catch
Write the letter of the word on the right (A – K) that is most often used with a word on the
left (21 – 25). Use each word once only. Write your answers (A – K) on your answer sheet.
You will not need five of the words (A – K).
21. adverse A property

B hygiene
22. vacant C mechanism
D effort
23. collaborative E agreement
F formula
24. unanimous G personnel
H profile
25. humble J effect
K origins
Reading
Instructions
Please do not write on the question paper. Use the answer paper.
Answer as many questions as you can.
Time yourself properly to finish all the tasks.
Reading
(29 Questions – 35 minutes)
Choose one word (A, B, or C) for each space and write the letter on the answer sheet.
The first one (0) is done for you as an example with the answer A marked on your answer
sheet.
0. A. information (Example) B. eat C. watch

1. A. hour B. afternoon C. week
2. A. say B. tell C. speak
3. A. when B. where C. what
4. A. then B. next C. later
5. A. home B. traffic C. job
Dear Simon,
Can you give me some (0) A about the meeting tomorrow?
Is the meeting in the morning or the (1) ?
Can you (2) me the number of the meeting room?
I don’t know (3) the meeting is about.
Please call me (4) today.
I will be at (5) all day.
Regards,
Samantha
The sentences below give information for people joining a gym for the first time.
A When using your new library card, please follow these instructions.
(Example)
B You must return such books to the library on time to avoid a fine.
C If the book has a red sticker on it, you have one day to read it.
D You must show this to a member of staff each time you want to borrow a book.
E First, you will need to write your name and address on the library card.
F You need to pay any such fines before you can borrow another book.
The sentences below are from a local history book.

A The first settlers on the island built Stone Tower when they arrived a thousand
years ago. (Example)
B This was a big advantage because nobody could make a surprise attack by ship.
C The settlers used these stones to build the famous tower you see today on top of
the hill.
D At that time, there were a lot of stones all over the island.
E The view from this high ground meant they could see boats far out to sea.
F As a result, the island was safe for many hundreds of years.

Four people were interviewed by a local newspaper about where they prefer to go
shopping.
Read the texts and answer Questions 16 – 22 on the next page.
Shopping Preferences
Person A
‘I like to buy fresh food direct from the producers. Nothing beats the look and smell of
fruit and vegetables carefully laid out on stall after stall. Browsing outdoors is a great way
to spend Sunday morning. Prices are expensive there, but that’s not my priority. I very
occasionally go to the big retail park on the outside of town when I need new clothes or
shoes. I’d rather not though, so I don’t go unless I have to.’
Person B
‘Small and local are my key words when it comes to shopping. The convenience of large
supermarkets is undeniable, and I do visit them occasionally, but I don’t want to see our
historical high street disappearing. I love chatting to the shopkeepers and the other
villagers when I’m out and about. It’s a great way to find out about what’s happening in the
area. Internet shopping is really taking off now too, but it isn’t really for me.’
Person C
‘Those markets where you can buy directly from the farmers are great, but they’re so
expensive. The same can be said for the traditional small shops around my village. My
priority is to get my shopping quickly and easily, so that rules out wandering around from
shop to shop. I usually stop off at the new shopping centre on my way home from work. It’s
huge, I can get everything I need there at once.’
Person D
‘It’s hard to avoid enormous retail parks and shopping centres these days, but they’re a
fact of life. Usually, the larger the store, the cheaper things are. That’s a real consideration
for me as I have a tight budget. I try to stick to large, impersonal stores or, even better, the
web. I’m not a fan of talking with local shopkeepers actually – I find them nosy. I prefer to
click a button and have things delivered to my door.’
Four people were interviewed by a local newspaper about where they prefer to go
shopping.
Read the texts and answer Questions 16 – 22 on the next page.
16. Who likes supporting traditional shops in their area?
17. Who prefers shopping at farmers’ markets?
18. Who tries to avoid large shopping complexes?
19. Who shops regularly in a large complex for convenience?
20. Who likes speaking with the locals to obtain information?
21. Who likes internet shopping better than other methods?
22. Who thinks price is the most important thing to consider?

Read the text below. Match the headings A – H to the paragraphs 1–7 (Questions 23 – 29).
The Hula Hoop
(J) What is it? (Example)
0. Many adults and children love the hula hoop, either for exercise or simply for fun. You
can whirl it around your waist, spin it on your arms or legs or even rotate it around your
neck at an extremely high speed. Hula hoops can be made from bendy wood or even
strong grass twisted together. However, these days they are primarily solid plastic tubes.
Hula hoops have endured throughout history, never quite fading away, and are still popular
today.
1. So, when did this fascination for hula hooping really begin? Many believe it started in
the 1950s, simply as a means of pleasure. However, it actually dates back much further,
as far back as the fifth century in ancient Greece where it was a means of exercising. It
re-emerged in thirteenth century Scotland as a therapy for those who suffered from heart
disease or back conditions. In those early days, it was simply called the ‘hoop,’ the word
‘hula’ was added by British soldiers on a visit to Hawaii in the nineteenth century; they
believed that the action was similar to that of the traditional island Hula dance.
2. In 1950s America, Californian toy company Wham-O perfected a plastic version of the
toy which attracted global interest. In as little as four months, 25 million of the hoops
were sold. Within two years, over 100 million had been sold, starting a trend which swept
throughout the country. In the USA alone, 50,000 were produced in a single day. Many
people in countless corners of the world developed a passion for the trend, from infants to
grandparents and from factory workers to CEOs.
3. Many popular songs were written about the hula hoop during the 1960s. Nevertheless,
the toy’s popularity began to fade over the next few decades. However, the hula hoop
never completely vanished from the public arena and most toys stores continued to stock
the toy. Recently it staged a spectacular revival, rallying a new generation of fans. the
former first lady Michelle Obama of the USA was spotted ‘hooping’ on the White House
Lawn. Nowadays, the circular toy has been incorporated in a range of fitness schemes.
These use special weighted hoops to suit individual needs, including ‘collapsible’ ones
designed for easy storage.
4. The hula hoop is associated with many different world records. In 1960, a group of
American 11 year olds established a record for the longest ‘non-stop’ spinning session,
lasting precisely 11 hours and 34 minutes. In 1976, an even younger contestant won an
uninterrupted 10 hour 47 minutes contest at just eight years old. The present-day record
holder, Bric Sorenson, was able to keep his hula hoop spinning from April 2 to April 6, 1987,
accumulating an incredible 90 non-stop hours.
Read the text below. Match the headings A – H to the paragraphs 1–7 (Questions 23 – 29).
5. Another record is for 132 hoops spun by an individual at once. This record was
established by Paul Blair on November 11, 2009, earning him the nickname ‘Dizzy Hips’.
This act involves participants holding all the hula hoops without any help from anyone else
and spinning them between the shoulders and hips. As soon as the hoops have started
to rotate, competitors cannot touch them again with their hands. If they do, their record
attempt fails.
6. In another record event, the contestant runs while simultaneously spinning. A ribbon
tied around the hoop allows the judges to check if it is still revolving. The hoop must be
rotating before crossing the starting line. If it ceases to spin, then contestants must stop
and start it again. This is the only time that they can touch the hoop with their hands.
The current female holder for this record is Australian Boo Crystal Chan, who completed
10 kilometres in one hour, 27 minutes and 25 seconds on March 12 2009. The male
champion, Paul ‘Dizzy Hips’ Blair, was 20 minutes and 50 seconds faster than Boo.
7. In 2005, an American man, Ashrita Furman, successfully spun the world’s largest hula
hoop at 13.88 metres in diameter. While the heaviest recorded was actually a tractor tyre
which weighed 53 pounds! This monster was spun for a total of 71 seconds in Austria,
2000, by Roman Schedler. And in Chung Cheng sport arena, Taiwan, on October 28, 2,496
people managed to spin their hula hoops at the same time for over three minutes without
dropping one, making it the world record for mass simultaneous hula hooping.
Headings
A A Collection of Records
B Without a Single Break
C Hooping Back in Fashion
D Hooping Appeals to Both Genders Alike
E Fun, Fitness or Treatment?
F The Hula Hoop Goes Global
G Spinning Multiple Hoops
H Hooping and Running at the Same Time
J What is it? (Example)
Aptis practice test
Writing
& Speaking
Writing
(Four parts – 50 minutes)
You need to write all answers on this question paper.
You are in a travel club. You have 5 messages from a member of the club.
Write short answers (1 – 5 words) to each message.
What do you do?
What did you do yesterday?
What’s your favourite colour?
What’s the weather like today?
How do you get to work?
You are a new member of the travel club. Fill in the form. Write sentences.
Use 20 – 30 words. You have seven minutes to do this.
Aptis Travel Club
Please write some reasons why you are interested in travel.

You are a member of a travel club. You are talking to some members in the travel club chat
room. Talk to them using sentences.
Use 30 – 40 words per answer. You have ten minutes to do this.
Sam: Hi! Welcome to the club. Can you remember the first time you went on a journey
yourself?
What was it like?
Miguel: Welcome! What are the most interesting places to visit in your country?
Michelle: What is the most exciting journey you’ve been on?

You are the member of a travel club. You received this email from the club.
Dear member,
We are writing that the famous travel writer, Mr David Price, will unfortunately not be able
to attend our next club meeting. Although Mr Price will not be there to sign copies of his
new book Around the World in Eighty Ways, members of the club will be able to buy a
copy at the price of 25 pounds. If you would like to reserve a copy of the book, please
contact the club secretary.
Write an email to your friend. Write about your feelings and what you are planning to do.
Write about 50 words. You have ten minutes to do this.
Write an email to the secretary of the club. Write about your feelings and what you
would like to do.
Write 120 – 150 words. You have 20 minutes to do this.
Speaking
(Four parts – 12 minutes)
In the actual test, there will be a recording that gives you your instructions. Your
instructions will also appear in writing to help you.
Part One. In this part, I’m going to ask you three short questions about yourself and your
interests. You will have 30 seconds to reply to each question. Begin speaking when you
hear this sound. [beep]
Q1: Please tell me about your family.

Q2: What do you like to do on weekends?
Q3: Tell me about your hometown or city.
Part Two. In this part, I’m going to ask you to describe what is happening in a picture. Then
I will ask you two questions about it. You will have 45 seconds for each response. Begin
speaking when you hear this sound. [beep] Make sure you answer as fully as possible.
Describe this picture.
Tell me about a time you visited a museum.

Do you think people should pay to visit museums, or should they be free?
Part Three. In this part I’m going to ask you to look at the pictures, then ask you two
questions. You will have 45 seconds for each response. Begin speaking when you hear this
sound. [beep] Make sure you answer as fully as possible.
What kind of people play these two sports?

Which of these two sports is more difficult to play?
Why?
Part Four. Look at the picture and answer the questions below. You will have 60 seconds
to think about your answers before you start speaking.
Tell me a time when you were on your own.

How did you feel about it?
What are some of the ways of passing time on your own?
You now have two minutes to talk.

Grammar and Vocabulary APTIS

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Grammar and Vocabulary APTIS

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MANUAL DE

YOU ARE WERE Afirmativa: You are happy

HE Negativa: You aren’t happy

2.1. COUNTABLE NOUNS:

2.2. UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS:

2.3. THERE IS – THERE WAS / THERE ARE – THERE WERE

* There is y There are se usa para frases en presente (Hay)

5.1. DEFINITE ARTICLE (THE):

5.2. INDEFINITE ARTICLE (A, AN):

• To talk about a non-specific or general thing.

• To talk about professions.

** AN se usa cuando la siguiente palabra empieza por vocal o h**

5.3. ZERO ARTICLE:

• To talk about things in general.

• To talk about cities, names, streets

§ At home / At university / at hospital

We don’t use an article for: at home, at work, in bed, at school

Family and Relationships

Divorced Divorciado/a Get divorced from Divorciarse de

Marry someone Casarse con alguien

5. He has been a ____ since his wife passed away.

8. The relative I admire the most in my family is my _____. He is my father ’s

Short adjectives Long adjectives

Two Syllables Two or More

WIDER HAPPIER MORE BEAUTIFUL

Short adjectives Long adjectives

THE WIDEST THE HAPPIEST THE MOST

1.3. IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES:

ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

GOOD BETTER (THAN) THE BEST

FAR FURTHER (THAN) THE FURTHEST

- Allan is as tall as me (Alan es tan alto como yo)

**No añadimos nada al adjetivo**

1.5. NEGATIVE COMPARATIVES (LESS):

1.6. NEGATIVE SUPERLATIVES (LEAST):

- This is the least comfortable chair (Esta es la silla menos cómoda)

1.7. STRONGER AND WEAK COMPARISONS:

• We can make stronger comparisons with: Much, a lot and far

Examples: - Madrid is much more expensive than Huelva.

Examples: - My sister is a bit younger than me

** Tenemos que seguir la misma estructura que con las comparativas**

• -Ed : estar à I am stressed / I am relaxed

• I’m too serious (Soy demasiado serio)

• I’m not funny enough (no soy lo suficientemente divertido)

1. When we travelled to Tokyo we didn’t bring a map, so we got ______ .

4. We didn’t want to stay in a hotel, so we _______.

6. I’m leaving in a few minutes. Could I pay the _______ ?

7. There was a mechanical problema and we had a tow-hour ______.

8. A woman at check-in desk weighed our ______.

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I / You work I / You do not (don’t) work Do I / you work?

1.1. Rules for -es

• Verbs which ends in -o: es

• We have two rules for verbs ending in -y:

- Verbs which end in consonant + y

- Verbs which end in vowel +y = s

1.2. Adverbs of frequency:

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I am reading I am not reading Am I reading?

She is being friendly —> Ella está siendo amable

Forma dinámica, el cocinero está realizando una acción.

I’m minding my own business —> Me estoy ocupando de mi negocio

Sports and equipment Entertainment – Adjectives

2. I would like to practice parachuting, although this sport is said to be ________.

AN se usa cuando la siguiente palabra empieza por vocal o h

No añadimos nada al adjetivo

Tenemos que seguir la misma estructura que con las comparativas