i.

Skin cleansing product types

1. Bar soap
a) made with natural surfactants was used as a skin cleanser. It is
effective in removing grime and is relatively inexpensive;
however, the washing solution formed by soap is extremely
alkaline (pH 9.5–11.0)
b) can cause irritation, dryness, and scaling.

2. Syndet bars
a) More milder and safe than bar soap
b) are similar to soap bars, although they contain synthetic
emulsifiers instead of natural soaps. Their cleaning effect is
very good, and the residue left on the skin is minimal. Due to
their more gentle nature, they are becoming more important as
skin cleansers. Nearly all common synthetic detergent bars are
based on an anionic surfactant, acyl isethionate.

c) The most famous and, in fact, the first combo syndet soap bar
was Dove® - launched in 1955. Common ingredients found in
syndet bars include: Sodium cocoyl isethionate (the most
widely used surfactant)

3. Cleansing gels
a) are water-based systems, containing various types of thickening
agent. They typically have a transparent appearance. Gels are a
popular cleansing form; they are used with water since they are
foaming formulations. Inert particles (i.e., beads) are often
incorporated into gels, which may provide an additional
exfoliating effect.
b) Typically transparent in appearance
c) They are use with water since have foaming formulation

4. Scrubs
a) are generally O/W emulsions or gels that contain small
particles of natural or synthetic origin.
b) Scrubs are intended to provide a deep cleansing effect,
including skin exfoliation from abrasion with the particles, and
they also polish the skin.

5. Cleansing creams and lotions

a) are typically O/W emulsions. The main difference between a
cream and lotion is their viscosity; lotions have lower viscosity.
They are usually made of relatively delicate surfactants, and
their irritation potential is much lower than that of soaps.

b) They differ in viscosity

i. Lotions have less viscosity because they are more fluid
compared to creams

6. Toners
 a) are clear solutions, generally based on various types of solvents
and a low amount of surfactants.
b) Waterless cleansers for the face are often based on alcohols
and glycols since sebum is soluble in these solvents.

c) Toners are usually applied with cotton balls, tissues, or

washcloths and evaporate quickly after application.

7. Facial masks
a) are a unique product type for cleaning the face.
b) Certain products are rinsed off with water, while others can be
peeled off as a film.

8. Cleansing wipes,
a) often referred to as cloths, represent one of the latest
technologies among facial cleansing products. They are quite
popular as they offer ease of use. They consist of low levels of
mild detergents with additional conditioning ingredients that
may be deposited on the skin. The wipes can be made of natural
fibers, such as cotton, synthetic fibers, such as polypropylene, or
a blend of these. Two popular product types are available today:
dry wipes and wet wipes.