Law of Gravitation &

Laws of Conservation
Law of Gravitation
 Law of Gravitation

Proposed by Isaac Newton

Every object in the universe

exerts an attractive force on
another object, which is known
as Gravitational Force.
Law of Gravitation

▪ Gravitational Force is
one of fundamental
forces identified.
Gravity Vs. Gravitation
Gravitation Examples
Law of Gravitation

The gravitational force is

directly proportional to
the masses of 2 objects
and inversely proportional
to the square of the
distance between them.
 Law of Gravitation
Fg – Gravitational
Force N
G – constant
Fg = G (m1m2) 6.673x10 kg m /s
-11 3 2

d 2
m1 m2 – masses of 2
objects kg
d – distance m
 Gravitation Problem Solving

The Soccer ball has a

mass of 0.43kg and a
bowling ball has 5kg.
Compute for the
gravitational force if
the distance is 3.3m.
 Gravitation Problem Solving

Two students are sitting

1.50 m apart. One student
has a mass of 70.0 kg and
the other has a mass of
52.0 kg. What is the
gravitational force between
them?
Laws of Conservation
 Law of Conservation of
Energy
▪ Originated from
Isaac Newton
▪ The total energy of
an isolated system
remains constant; it
is said to be
conserved over time.
 Law of Conservation of
Energy
This means
that energy can neither
be created nor destroyed;
rather, it can only be
transformed or transferred
from one form to another.
 Law of Conservation of
Mass
▪ Proposed by
REACTANTS PRODUCTS Antoine Lavoiser in
1789.

▪ The total mass of

reactants is equal to
the mass of
products.
 Conservation of Mass
Examples
REACTANTS PRODUCTS
 Conservation of Mass
Examples
REACTANT PRODUCT
 Law of Conservation of
Mass-Energy
▪ By Albert Einstein.

▪ The total amount of

mass and energy in
the universe is
constant.
 Law of Conservation of
Mass-Energy
• The Speed of Light
is equals to
299 792 458m/s
• The unit of Energy is
Joule = (Nm) =
(kgm2/s2 )
 Law of Conservation of
Linear Momentum
A body or system of bodies in
motion retains its total
momentum.
The product of mass and
vector velocity unless an
external force is applied to.
 Law of Conservation of
Linear Momentum

P – symbol for
momentum P = mv
 Elastic Inelastic
Collision Collision
 Elastic Collision

An object bounces
with the same
height.
 Inelastic Collision

An object bounces
with decreasing
height.