1.

0 Introduction

Environment is defined as the surroundings in which the organism lives. The

environment may be the physical environment, the chemical environment or the biological
environment. On the other meaning, organisms are dependent on the environment to fulfill their
needs; man is also constantly interacting with the environment in order to fulfill his needs. These
needs include the basic needs of oxygen, food and shelter in addition to the social needs like
entertainment, medicines, and others. The things that man requires for his survival and comfort
are called the resources. The environment is a reservoir of resources. It is very important
environment because to maintaining the natural resources of the environment and their careful
use are called conservation. The conservation of environment involves the conservation of the
natural resources. A healthy environment is an absolute necessity for the well-being of all
organisms, including man. All our needs, big and small are being met by the environment.
However, man having reached the pinnacle of evolution is trying to bring about changes in the
environment to suit his convenience. Unfortunately, this convenience is temporary. In the long
run, man is losing out on a healthy environment.

The complex environmental pollution which faced in Malaysia have a long history and is
becoming serious since the last decade due to the economic development and increased
industrialization activities. It leads to the degradation of quality of life by consuming food and
water contaminated with chemical, biological and radioactive materials, either directly or
indirectly. Pollution is the introduction of a harmful waste emitted into the environment and
caused instability and harm to the ecosystem which will dangerous to human and creature.
Nowadays this becomes a common issue which happens every day in all over the world. There
are many types of pollution, namely air, water and noise. Pollution in our environment will
undoubtedly affect our quality of life. Our world becoming ugly because it is was suffering from
the effects of complex environmental pollution. Pollution can also cause various health problems
and other negative effects.

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2.0 Defining problem

The most damaging environmental issues in the world today are air pollution which
creates climate change, a general increase in temperatures that will severely disrupt weather
patterns causing mass floods, droughts and disease killing millions. According to the World
Health Organization, air pollution also destroys the ozone layer that filters out dangerous cancer-
causing rays from the sun and causes respiratory and other diseases amongst humans which kills
over 6 million people per year. Secondly is solid waste means that sea and land environments are
being poisoned by the dumping of dangerous industrial wastes such as mercury and nuclear
waste. Besides that, the use of non-biodegradable material in products and packaging has turned
many parts of the world into large rubbish dumps, poisoning and injuring people. Thirdly is, soil
erosion, the result of factors like the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and others. For these
reasons, soil is eroded at a faster rate than it is being produced, contributing to rural poverty.
Some scientists suggest that by 2030 there will be only 20% of the world's forests remaining,
10% of which will be in a degraded condition. Lastly is extinction. That means is plants and
animals are being made extinct at a faster rate than any time since the dinosaurs died out. This
loss of species undermines the eco-sphere on which all life depends.

So because of that, there have a few causes that happen to us in term of ecosystem
nowadays. Such example, they will cause on industrial activities. The industries all over the
world that brought prosperity and affluence, made inroads in the biosphere and disturbed the
ecological balances. The pall of smoke, the swirling gases, industrial effluents and the fall-out of
scientific experiments became constant health hazards, polluting and contaminating both air and
water. The improper disposal of industrial wastes is the sources of soil and water pollution. Then,
in terms of vehicles, the smoke emitted by vehicles using petrol and diesel and the cooking coal
also pollutes the environment. The multiplication of vehicles, emitting black smoke that, being
free and unfettered, spreads out and mixes with the air we breathe. The harmful smoke of these
vehicles causes air pollution. Further, the sounds produced by these vehicles produce causes
noise-pollution. Besides that, rapid urbanization and industrialization also might be because
towards the urbanization and the rapid growth of industrialization are causing through
environmental pollution the greatest harm to the plant life, which in turn causing harm to the
animal kingdom and the human lives. Other causes are about population overgrowth. Due to the

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increase in population, particularly in developing countries, there has been surge in demand for
basic food, occupation and shelter. The world has witnessed massive deforestation to expand
absorb the growing population and their demands.

One of the complex environmental problems that had chosen is about water pollution.
We know that water pollution, the most fundamental environmental issue in Malaysia is the
release of waste products and contaminants into large bodies of water that degrade the quality of
life that lives in it and consumes it. The main contributors are oil spills, soap waste, household
chemical, animal waste, waste treatment facilities and waste from factories. Rivers are normally
used as an outlet by the factories to drain away those chemicals, in turn harming the waters and
the lives that revolve around them. From the Klang River, and average of 50-60 tons of rubbish
is collected daily. After a rainy day, it is not surprising to gather 80 tons of rubbish from the
rubbish traps along the Klang River and its tributaries. Situations where by floating rubbish is
found in river throughout the country in especially common in densely populated areas such as
towns and cities.

Furthermore, dumping waste like cans, bottles, and plastic materials also pose danger. It
not only destroys marine life but is also hazardous to human life. In 2006, of the 146 river basins
monitored by the DOE, 80 were clean, 59 slightly polluted and 7 classified as polluted. Besides
that, the cause of water pollution will suffer from water pollution as they depend on the nutrients
in the water to survive. As a result, we are robbed of beautiful sea corals and unique species of
fishes. Besides ruining our marine heritage, the disappearance of marine life will affect the
livelihood of fishermen, not to mention our source of food. Water pollution is caused by harmful
waster from industries, farms and sewerage systems which are dumped into our sources of water
such as rivers and lakes. This irresponsible act contaminates our drinking water and can cause
serious health problems and can even culminate in death.

The effects of water pollution are far-reaching. Our ecosystem is affected on every level
by water contamination. Not only do we have to worry about unhealthy particles reaching our
drinking water, but crops, animals, and our oceans are greatly harmed by this as well. When
polluted water is found in our ecosystem, it leaves a trail of destruction. Polluted water that ends
up in local streams and rivers will damage the life in and surrounding it. Vegetation that feeds on
this water for survival can be damaged and killed from polluted streams. This will then affect the

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animal life in that area that depends on the vegetation for their survival. As the stream or river
water dumps in to larger bodies, such as the ocean, we will see ocean life suffering. This all has
an effect on the entire ecosystem. It isn't limited to just one area or another.

Besides that, water pollution can be caused of acid rain. Even though the term isn't heard
as much today it's effects are still very relevant. As pollutants are poured in to our air, our
atmosphere takes these and dumps those toxins back down on us in the form of rain. Since so
many of reservoirs and lakes are depends on rainfall to remain at adequate levels, the toxins can
reach our drinking water supply. Again, trees and sensitive soil based plants will die as a result.
Our water can be polluted even without dumping pollutants in our water supply. One of the
greatest dangers on a family beach vacation is bringing home unwanted illness. Ear aches, pink
eye, gastroenteritis, respiratory infections, as well as Hepatitis can all be transmitted through
polluted beach water. These can range from just mild irritations to severe illnesses depending on
the age and immune system of the person who contracted it.

What would happen to our country? And what is the point of view by other country? We
can feel the effect to the economic by having a water pollution which is impacting tourism,
property values, commercial fishing, recreational businesses and many other sectors that depend
on clean water. Second is the tourism industry will be loses close to $1 billion each year, mostly
through losses in fishing and boating activities, as a result of water bodies that have been
affected by nutrient pollution and harmful algal blooms. Airborne nutrient pollution can also
affect visibility at popular outdoor destinations like national parks. This kind of pollution can
also damage buildings and other structures, especially those made of marble and limestone.

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3.0 Proposed technologies

Technology is often touted as the savior that will rescue us from our misbegotten ways,
redeem us and put us on the track to utopia. Then there are the dystopian views, where the future
is dominated by technology that either rules over us or saps us so completely of our humanity
that we might as well be a bunch of gadgets ourselves. There have a few sampling of existing
technologies that, if scaled up, might be able to truly address some of our most pressing global
issues. Current technology is neither the best possible, given present scientific understanding,
particularly when systems fail, attempts are made to blame casualties on either ‘human’ or
‘technological’ factors. Such attempts are doomed to failure, though, for it is in fact impossible
to distinguish the human and technological factors in any given technological system.

There are a few technology can be used to solve some environmental problem. First one
is Nuclear energy technology holds the potential to dramatically reduce greenhouse gas
emissions. But rather than ramp up conventional, highly controversial approaches, why not
mobilize technologies that address concerns with today's reactors, such as meltdowns and waste?
Some possibilities are nuclear reactor design company Transatomic Power’s Waste-Annihilating
Molten Salt Reactor and Bill Gates-backed traveling wave reactors, both of which are designed
to use byproducts of conventional nuclear power production as fuel. In the case of the WAMSR,
that means using spent nuclear fuel that would be destined for storage. The TWRs look to use
depleted uranium, rather than leaving it to be stored or used in other applications, such as
ammunition. Both also use technologies meant to avoid meltdowns like that seen at Japan's
Fukushima Daiichi plant.

Second one is, by using tree root protection. It means that, when it comes to planting
urban trees, we have an obsession with stem count. The average street tree is living less than 20
years in most American cities. It’s not getting big enough to provide the ecological services that
we want it to provide,” he says. According to MacDonagh, who is director of design and science
at the landscape architecture firm Kestrel Design Group, c a technology called Silva Cells,
essentially a post-and-beam system that transfers the load of urban infrastructure from trees’ root
zones to soil below. This means that the soil in which the trees are growing can be less
compacted, letting roots grow better and allowing trees to live long enough to create an urban

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forest that can reduce storm water runoff, boost energy efficiency in nearby buildings and suck
pollutants from the air.

Lastly, nature’s test also one of the technology used qs the field of biometry shows,
nature’s technologies and designs are more often than not far superior to our own. Yet, instead of
being scaled up, nature is taking a hit as more and more land gets used for human purposes.
Serious discussions about protecting and re-creating systems such as wetlands, oyster beds and
mangroves as natural buffers against storms is a sign that nature’s engineering principles and
practices are finally being recognized for their utility, not just their beauty.

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4.0 Conclusion

In conclusion, we as the Malaysians should work together to control and reduce pollution
level. We have the responsibility to preserve and to protect our country in order to achieve clean
and healthy surroundings. Recently, mass media has reported many cases of environmental
destruction caused by irresponsible people, with an increasing cases of illegal of dumping
hazardous waste, toxic and effluents not only harm the environment, but also their future
generations. Therefore, environmental factors and ethics must be included in our daily activities.
Since we cannot do anything without our surroundings and its elements like air, water, and land,
it is absolutely necessary to do something to save our world. As the saying goes, precaution is
better than cure. Lets hands on hands together by recycle and conserve the world for the better
future.

As a result, it is up to the working class to defend the environment as we are the only
people with an immediate interest in defending it. And while we can use direct action to fight
environmental destruction, ultimately, we will have to use our collective strength to build a new
world, not based on the relentless drive for profit but on fulfilling human needs; including that of
a clean and healthy environment.