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Computer Hardware: Introduction To Information Systems
Computer Hardware: Introduction To Information Systems
Eleventh Edition
James A. O’Brien
Chapter
3
Computer
Hardware
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 2
Chapter Objectives
• Identify the major types, trends, and uses of
microcomputer, midrange, and mainframe
computer systems.
• Outline the major technologies and uses of
computer peripherals for input, output, and
storage.
• Identify and give examples of the components
and functions of a computer system.
• Identify the computer systems and peripherals
you would acquire or recommend for a
business of your choice, and explain the
reasons for your selections.
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 3
Mainframe
Computers
Midrange
Computers
Microcomputers
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 4
Greater
LSI, VLSI
Vacuum Integrated Power,
Solid-State Micro-
Tubes Circuits Smaller
processors
Footprint
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 5
Microcomputer Systems
• Handheld Computers
– PDA, Information
Appliances
• Notebook Computers
• Desktop Computers
• Workstations
• Network Server
– Powerful microcomputer
used in small LANs
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 6
Control Output
Output
Input Unit
ALU
Devices Devices
Devices
Special Primary
Cache
Purpose
Memory Storage
Processors
Secondary
Storage
Devices
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 8
Voice
Keyboard Data
Punched Recognition
Punched Key to Tape/ Entry
Cards Touch Devices
Cards Disk Pointing Devices
Paper Tape Handwriting
Optical Scanning
Recognition
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 9
• Keyboard
• Pointing Devices
• Pen Based Computing
• Speech Recognition
• Optical Scanning
• Magnetic Ink Character
Recognition
• Smart Cards
• Digital Cameras
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 10
Video Displays
Video Displays
Punched Cards Punched Cards Printed Reports Voice Responses
Audio Responses
Printed Reports Printed Reports and Documents Hyperlinked
Printed Reports
and Documents and Documents Video Displays Multimedia
and Documents
Documents
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 11
• Video Output
– CRT
– LCD
• Printed Output
– Inkjet
– Laser
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 12
Storage Trends
Primary
Storage
First Second Third Fourth Fifth
Generation Generation Generation Generation Generation
LSI VLSI
Magnetic Magnetic Magnetic
Semiconductor Semiconductor
Drum Core Core
Memory Chips Memory Chips
Magnetic Disk
Magnetic Tape Magnetic Tape Magnetic Disk Optical Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Drum Magnetic Disk Magnetic Tape Magnetic Disk
Magnetic Tape
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 13
Semiconductor Direct
Memory Access
Magnetic
Disks
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk, RAID
Sequential
Magnetic Tape Access
Optical Disks
Direct
CD-ROM, CD-R
Access
CD-RW
DVD
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 14
Access Track
Read/Write
Arms Heads
Sectors:
Portions of a track
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 15
Chapter Summary
• A computer system is a system of information
processing components that perform input, processing,
output, storage and control functions.
• The hardware components in a computer include input
and output devices, a central processing unit (CPU), and
primary and secondary storage.
• There are three major categories of computers:
microcomputers, midrange computers and mainframe
computers
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 16
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 17
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.