Professional Documents
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Operational-Level
Logistics
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30 January 2002
FOREWORD
Chapter 1 Fundamentals
Operational Logistic Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Logistic Continuum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Strategic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Operational . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Tactical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Force Closure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Arrival and Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Intratheater Lift. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Theater Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Sustainment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Reconstitution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Redeployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Functional Area Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
General Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Health Service Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Chapter 4 Planning
Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Conceptual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Functional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
______________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics v
Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Joint Operation Planning and Execution System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Force Deployment Planning and Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Principal Planning Agencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Plans Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Future Operations Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Operational Planning Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Current Operations Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Crisis Action Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Concept of Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Threat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Collection Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Host-Nation Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Contingency Contracting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
Acquisition Cross-Service Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Types of Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Supplies and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Planning Documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
Chapter 5 Operations
Force Service Support Group Employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Marine Logistics Command Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Deployment Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Employment Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Force Closure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Sustainment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Reconstitution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Maritime Pre-positioning Force Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Arrival and Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Regeneration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Theater Movement Control Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Joint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Multinational . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Marine Corps Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Joint and Multinational Logistic Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Joint Reception, Staging, Onward Movement, and Integration . . . . 5-12
Joint Logistics Over-the-Shore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
Service Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
Theater Health Service Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
Small Scale and Short Duration Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
vi MCWP 4-12
Appendices
A Notional Divisions of Labor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
B Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
C References and Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
CHAPTER 1. FUNDAMENTALS
Military operations require specific logistic sup- Joint doctrine encourages inter-Service support,
port, and that support is based on the strategic, which is defined as action taken by one Service
operational, and tactical levels of war. Opera- or element thereof, to provide logistics and/or
tional-level logistics links strategic resources administrative support to another Service. The
with tactical units and enables force closure, sus- relationship between the Navy and Marine Corps
tainment, reconstitution, and redeployment of is a recurring association that affects the Marine
forces. Functions of operational logistics are nor- Corps at all levels of war.
mally carried out in the communications zone
(COMMZ), which is the rear part of a theater of Joint forces with a MARFOR assigned or attached
operations contiguous to the combat zone. Opera- include a Marine Corps component. The Marine
tional logistics supports expeditionary operations. Corps component commander provides adminis-
trative and logistic support for the MARFOR with
The levels of logistics assist Marines in planning the exceptions of logistics provided through ser-
for logistics at the corresponding levels of war- vice support agreements or as directed by the JFC.
fare. Operational-level logistics addresses sus-
tainment within a military theater of operations. The joint force and its Service components may
Operational-level logistics connects strategic- conduct expeditionary operations as part of a mul-
level logistic resources with the tactical level of tinational force (MNF). Formal treaties have
logistics thus creating the conditions for effec- resulted in military alliances that have produced
tive Marine air-ground task force (MAGTF) com- multinational military organizations, procedures,
bat service support (CSS) for the duration of a and responsibilities that guide participating forces.
campaign. Understanding operational-level logis- North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and
tics is critical to integrated planning and the suc- the United Nations Forces in Korea are two long-
cessful conduct of expeditionary operations. term alliances in which U.S. Forces participate.
Short-term threats produce coalitions where the
military forces of different nations temporarily
Operational Logistic Environment cooperate to accomplish an agreed mission. Logis-
tics remains a national responsibility; however,
nations may cooperate and make support arrange-
Marine Corps forces (MARFOR) conducting ments to increase efficiency and economy.
expeditionary operations as part of a joint force
will be under the command of a joint force com- MARFOR logistic planners coordinate with other
mander (JFC). The MARFOR plans, coordi- Services, Department of Defense (DOD) logistic
nates, and supervises the execution of operational agencies, and governmental and nongovernmental
(theater) logistics for the assigned MAGTF. Each organizations (NGOs) to meet requirements. Joint
Service provides administrative and logistic sup- force operations may interact with interagency
port to its forces assigned or attached to a joint organizations, especially during military operations
force. The JFC may have the authority to direct a other than war (MOOTW). Interagency coordination
single Service to provide common item logistics occurs between elements of the DOD and engaged
to components of the joint force. Consequently, U.S. Government agencies, NGOs, and regional and
the MARFOR coordinates operational logistic international organizations to accomplish an
support for the MAGTF per Marine Corps Ser- objective. The MARFOR can expect to receive
vice responsibility and for other Service compo- operational logistic assistance from the United States
nents as directed by the JFC. Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM),
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
1-2 MCWP 4-12
Defense Logistics Agency (DLA), and other Headquarters, Marine Corps (HQMC), and the
strategic logistic agencies. Marine Corps supporting establishment (SE) plan
and conduct strategic logistics, with the exception
of aviation-peculiar support, which is planned
Logistic Continuum and conducted by the Chief of Naval Operations
(CNO), the Navy SE, and the Naval Reserve.
Joint doctrine divides a continuum of war into
strategic, operational, and tactical levels. Each Operational
level of war has a corresponding level of logis-
Operational logistics links tactical requirements to
tics with a distinct set of functions. Figure 1-1
strategic capabilities to accomplish operational
lists the logistic functions for the levels of opera-
goals and objectives. Operational logistics normally
tions within the logistic operating system.
supports campaigns and major theater operations
Strategic by providing theater-wide logistic support. Opera-
tional logisticians coordinate the apportionment,
Strategic logistics supports organizing, training, allocation, and distribution of resources within the-
and equipping the forces that are needed to fur- ater. They coordinate closely with tactical operators
ther the national interest. It links the national eco- to identify theater shortfalls and communicate these
nomic base (people, resources, and industry) to shortfalls to the appropriate theater or strategic
military operations. The combination of strategic source and/or ration supplies to support operational
resources (national industrial base) and distribu- priorities. Operational logisticians coordinate the
tion processes (deployment and transportation flow of strategic capabilities into a theater based on
capabilities) represents total national capabilities. the commander’s priorities. The concerns of the
These capabilities include the DOD, the Ser- logistician and the operator are interrelated. The
vices, other Government agencies as necessary or MARFOR is responsible for planning, coordinat-
appropriate, and the support of the private sector. ing, and supervising operational logistics. The
MARFOR may designate a combat service support time of tactical logistics is rapid and requires antic-
element (CSSE) to be a Marine Logistics Com- ipatory planning to provide responsive support.
mand (MLC) to coordinate the execution of opera- Generally, the MAGTF conducts tactical-level
tional logistics. logistic operations. Figure 1-2 shows the flow of
logistics through the logistic system from the stra-
Tactical tegic to tactical level.
Intratheater lift is the sum of all transportation Marine Corps/Navy Service components Joint
modes in a theater of war that are available for the Forced entry/maritime RSOI/joint logistics Joint RSOI
MARFOR to move, sustain, and redeploy forces. pre-positioning force over-the-shore
Intratheater lift consists of the trucks, buses, trains, (MPF) (JLOTS)
____________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics 1-5
l Contracting goods and services from the local the theater transportation and MCC may coordi-
economy. nate theater transportation down to the level of
l Coordinating MAGTF contingency contract- tactical convoys. The MARFOR may serve as
ing support plans with higher headquarters part of a Joint Transportation Board (JTB) or
(HHQ). joint movement center (JMC).
l Ensuring that MAGTF supply buildup rates
The MARFOR would coordinate designated
and stockage levels comply with joint force
transportation and transportation support opera-
guidance.
tions for the MAGTF. The MARFOR has the fol-
l Ensuring the JFC allocates critical resources to
lowing transportation responsibilities:
the MAGTF.
l Communicating with appropriate headquarters l Coordinating MAGTF throughput operations
on supply matters and related requirements. with the host nation, joint, and/or inter-Service
l Coordinating the provision of common-item agency.
support with the MAGTF when designated by l Linking the MAGTF’s movement control sys-
the JFC. tem with the joint and/or multinational move-
ment control system.
Maintenance l Coordinating MAGTF requirements for com-
mon-user land and inland waterway transporta-
Maintenance is a Service responsibility. The tion with the Army Service component
MARFOR identifies and prioritizes maintenance commander.
requirements that exceed the MAGTF’s autho- l Coordinating with the Air Force Service com-
rized level of maintenance and/or capacity to ponent commander for theater common user
repair, modify or calibrate. The JFC may estab- airlift.
lish joint, multinational or cross-Service mainte- l Coordinating with the Navy Service compo-
nance facilities for common-item and inter- nent commander through Military Sealift Com-
Service salvage operations. The MARFOR mand (MSC) for common-user sealift.
ensures that theater common-item maintenance l Ensuring the theater medical evacuation system
support is linked to MAGTF maintenance opera- is responsive to MAGTF requirements.
tions. The MARFOR plans and coordinates surge
l Assigning liaison officers (LNOs) to essential
maintenance operations with the Marine Corps
transportation nodes operated by another com-
SE for regeneration operations before MAGTF
ponent or host nation.
redeployment.
l Planning and coordinating MAGTF surge require-
Transportation ments such as the evacuation of mass casualties
and enemy prisoners of war (EPWs) from the
The MARFOR coordinates MAGTF force clo- combat zone and the relocation of the MAGTF
sure and redeployment operations within the within the theater of war.
Defense Transportation System (DTS). The the- l Ensuring the theater transportation system can
ater transportation function spans all modes of meet MAGTF requirements for moving bulk
transportation (i.e., air, motor vehicle, rail, water, liquids, outsized cargo and equipment, and
and pipeline) within the distribution system. The intermodal containerization.
MAGTF submits movement support require- l Ensuring responsive transportation is available
ments through the force movement control cen- to move critical items such as blood, precision
ters (FMCCs) to the appropriate joint or Service munitions, and repair parts from the COMMZ
movement control center (MCC). In some cases, to the MAGTF.
____________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics 1-7
DOD Executive Agent Directives and Instructions authority may be given to the executive agent.
The President, DOD, or Congress designates a The exact nature and scope of the authority dele-
DOD executive agent as the sole agency to per- gated must be stated in the document designating
form a function or service for others. DOD exec- the executive agent.
utive agent responsibilities are normally focused
on national strategic-level activities, but these Inter-Service Support Agreement
responsibilities may also include operational- and Interdepartmental/Agency Support
level logistic support in a theater of operations. Agreements
Executive agent authority can be delegated by Inter-Service support agreements are formal sup-
any superior to a subordinate to act on behalf of port agreements between two Services, or an ele-
the superior. A wide range of responsibilities and ment thereof, for one Service to provide logistic
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
2-4 MCWP 4-12
and/or administrative support to another. Such tical levels of war. The primary mission of HQMC
action may or may not be recurring on an installa- and the SE is to provide manpower and logistic
tion, area or worldwide basis. Interdepartmental/ support to the operating forces. Responsibilities and
agency support is the provision of logistic and/or capabilities overlap because no organization or
administrative support services or materiel pro- level of support can function effectively without
vided, with or without reimbursement, by one or extensive, continuous coordination between sup-
more Services to one or more departments or ported and supporting organizations.
agencies of the United States Government (other
than military). Headquarters, Marine Corps
(MARCORSYSCOM). The Marine Corps exe- ing operations and crisis action response planning
cutes its supply functions via wholesale and retail and execution.
material management entities. At the wholesale
level, MCLBs perform traditional DOD inventory Marine Corps Bases and Stations
control point functions for assigned items, as well
Marine Corps bases, stations, and reserve support
as serving as the single Service-level manager for
centers furnish the garrison administration, housing,
Marine Corps ground weapons systems. At the
storage, maintenance, training, and deployment sup-
retail level, MEFs operate intermediate stock
port facilities. The operating forces and the Marine
points and process requisitions generated by the
Corps Reserve use bases, stations, and centers to
consumer-level maintenance and supply systems.
maintain their combat readiness and support their
The supply battalions of the force service support
deployment on routine and contingency response
groups (FSSGs) operate these stock points and
operations. Bases, stations, and centers provide criti-
provide the primary source of supply for MEFs.
cal logistics to deploying forces during predeploy-
The Navy provides support for Navy-furnished
ment preparations. Many of the bases and stations of
material, ammunition, and equipment through cog-
the SE report to either COMMARFORLANT or
nizant systems commands.
COMMARFORPAC. Some bases and stations are
designated stations of initial assignment for Marine
Marine Corps Logistics Bases Corps Reserve mobilization and are responsible for
The MCLB, Albany, GA, MCLB Barstow, CA, assisting the operating forces with the throughput of
and Blount Island Command (BIC), Jacksonville, Marine Corps Reserve personnel and materiel in
FL, provide general Service-level supply, storage, support of MAGTF deployments.
and maintenance support to the Marine Corps.
Repair centers perform depot-level overflow field/
intermediate-level maintenance on ground equip- Marine Corps Forces Logistic Sources
ment. Storage facilities house consumable and
repairable materiel, including some pre-positioned The MARFOR constitutes the forward presence,
war reserve materiel. MCLB Albany is the item crisis response, and fighting power available to
manager for Marine Corps-peculiar materiel. BIC JFCs. The MAGTF, MLC, and the force projection
is responsible for inventory management and logistic sources provide logistics for MARFOR.
equipment maintenance, modification, and replace-
ment support for the MPF and the Norway Marine Air-Ground Task Force
Geoprepositioning Program. MCLBs/BIC may
deploy a technical assistance advisory team The MAGTF is the principal Marine Corps organi-
(TAAT), which includes civilian contractors, to a zation for missions across the range of military
theater of war to provide technical assistance for operations. Task-organized under a single com-
MPF regeneration operations. mander capable of responding rapidly anywhere in
the world, MAGTF forces are functionally
Marine Corps Systems Command grouped into four elements: a command element
As one of its functions, the MARCORSYSCOM (CE), an aviation combat element (ACE), a ground
manages Marine Corps ground ammunition combat element (GCE), and a CSSE. The elements
acquisition programs and Marine Corps owned are categories of forces, not formal commands.
and controlled ground ammunition stocks. The The basic MAGTF structure does not vary,
ground ammunition function is particularly sig- though the number, size, and type units compris-
nificant in insuring MAGTF sustainability dur- ing each element will be mission dependent. The
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
2-6 MCWP 4-12
relatively small force—the size of a MEU or logistics. The MLC is task-organized around a
smaller. It may contain other Service or foreign BSSG/combat service support group (CSSG) or
military forces assigned or attached to the larger CSSE to provide operational logistic sup-
MAGTF. Normally, a combat service support port to theater MARFOR, including MAGTFs
detachment (CSSD) is task-organized from the operating with the Navy component. The MLC
FSSG to support the SPMAGTF. When attached normally falls under the U.S. chain of command
to a joint force, the SPMAGTF will usually and provides U.S. logistic support; however, as
require operational logistic support. directed by the CINC, the MLC may provide
CUL to multinational and joint forces.
Air Contingency MAGTF
The air contingency MAGTF (ACM) is an on-call, The MLC is the MARFOR’s operational-level
combat-ready MAGTF that deploys by airlift. logistic agency to coordinate host nation, joint, and
ACMs vary in size based on mission require- coalition support and to execute the MARFOR
ments and the availability of airlift. Because they commander’s logistic policy. When a CSSE is
deploy by air, ACMs generally have a limited designated as the MLC, the MARFOR establishes
organic logistics capability, require an arrival air- the support relationship between the MLC and the
field, and need operational logistic support. ACMs MAGTF. The establishment of an MLC creates an
usually are activated to respond to developing cri- operational/tactical logistic structure within the
ses and may deploy independently or in conjunc- Marine Corps component where one CSSE serving
tion with other expeditionary forces. as an MLC is normally responsible for
operational-level logistics, and the MAGTF CSSE
Marine Logistics Command is responsible for the CSS of the MAGTF.
The MLC is an employment option available to The MLC is attached to the component command
the Marine Corps component commander for (see figure 2-3) and has coordinating authority
executing operational logistics and is the primary with supported MAGTFs. The MLC and FSSG
option to provide operational-level support dur- commanders exercise C2 of their assigned
ing a major theater war (MTW). The MLC is the organizations by structuring their forces,
Marine Corps logistic organization that fills the establishing command relationships, and assigning
gap between the tactical and strategic levels of missions to meet changing requirements.
vice components and external sources, distills for JPO and DESC.
2-10 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ MCWP 4-12
Naval cargo handling battalions Organizing, training, and equipping to load and off-load Navy and Marine Corps cargo in
MPF and merchant breakbulk or container ships; operating a temporary ocean cargo
terminal; loading and offloading cargo carrier in military-controlled aircraft; and
operating an expeditionary air cargo terminal.
Naval supply support battalions Supply support warehousing (e.g., inventory management, asset visibility).
Naval facilities engineering command, Atlantic and Contingency engineering, constructing facilities, and providing services contracting as
Pacific divisions well as engineering and environmental technical support.
Naval construction force (NCF) units, including NMCBs, Constructing and maintaining facilities and lines of communications (LOCs), construct-
amphibious construction battalions, and underwater ing port facilities and erecting causeway and elevated causeway systems in support of
construction teams. (These NCF engineering JLOTS.
forces are referred to as SEABEEs.)
Fleet hospitals, hospital ships, and casualty receiving and Providing HSS.
treatment ships (CRTSs) mobile medical augmentation
readiness team and fleet surgical teams
Service support elements, naval regional contracting Providing mobile mail centers, contracting support for CSS (e.g., messing, berthing,
centers finance, laundry, barber, retail outlet, transportation).
Fuel companies Storing and distributing bulk fuel, providing tank trucks, operating fuel service stations
operations, limiting pollution, and providing environmental clean up.
broad range of stores (e.g., fuel, food, repair parts, are task-organized equipment and/or personnel
ammunition, other essential materiel) to keep the modules that conduct or augment the shore-
naval forces operating at sea for extended periods. based logistic operations of the ALSS and FLSs.
The CLF consists of station ships, shuttle ships, Each ABFC performs specific logistic functions
and a variety of other support ships. It includes that may be combined to establish or extend the
both active Navy ships and those operated by the shore-based infrastructure. ABFCs may be
MSC within the naval fleet auxiliary force. Shore- sourced from any combination of reserve or
based naval logistics introduces additional plan- active forces and contracted support.
___________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics 2-13
In many operational scenarios, the TSC com- The Army developed a modular concept for
mander would execute most of COMARFOR’s opening theaters in which the TSC is a critical
lead Service CUL responsibilities in the AO. TSC component. Modularity involves incrementally
planners must be aware of the support responsi- deploying only the minimum capabilities
bilities falling to other Army EAC-level com- required to an AO, and the basis for this modular
mands and synchronize it with any applicable support is called the theater force opening pack-
portion of the distribution plan. age. The TSC early entry module provides C2 of
many of the elements initially supporting RSOI.
The Army normally executes movement control
for EAC at the operational level through a TSC Logistics Support Element
movement control agency (MCA). In some
instances, this organization reports to the pri- The LSE is a forward deployed theater-specific
mary logistics staff officer in the ASCC staff. organization that performs the United States
The TSC MCA helps develop and executes the Army Materiel Command (USAMC) tasks of
Army posture of the joint movement program depot maintenance, oil analysis, calibration of
developed by the JMC. test equipment, ammunition surveillance, release
of pre-positioned strategic stocks, materiel field-
The TSC MCA serves as the primary element for ing, technology insertion, and battle damage
the planning and controlling of transportation assessment. USAMC staffs the LSE headquar-
operations at the operational level. The TSC ters while a combination of DOD civilians, con-
MCA synchronizes its operations with those of tractors, military, and host-nation personnel
the JMC, USTRANSCOM, the TSC DMC, and augment the operational units of the organiza-
lower echelon MCCs. It also follows the priori- tion. The LSE is operational control (OPCON) to
ties established by the ASCC. the TSC.
At the operational level, the TSC’s maintenance
Area Support Group
capability is organized to provide DS and GS
maintenance to units in and passing through the ASGs, subordinate units assigned to the TSC, are
AO, to provide DS maintenance support to back responsible for area support in the AO and may
up tactical-level organizations, support to avia- be tasked to provide sustainment support to
tion units, and sustainment maintenance support Marine Corps or other forces. The basic mission
for the theater. The support operations supply and of the ASG is to provide DS logistics support to
maintenance directorate provides planning and designated units and elements within its AOR.
policy for maintenance provided by Army main- This support typically includes DS supply (less
tenance units, maintenance elements under the ammunition, classified map supply, and medical
LSE, and contracted support. supply and support), DS maintenance, field ser-
vices, as well as other support directed by
The TSC manages Class I, II, III (packaged and COMARFOR through the TSC. ASGs can also
bulk), IV, V, VI, VII, and IX supplies and water. provide GS supply and sustainment maintenance
Class IV supply actions are coordinated with the support to TSC and combat-zone DS supply
engineer command and/or COMARFOR engineer organizations and sustainment maintenance in
staff. The TSC director of field services exer- support of the theater mission. If an operational-
cises staff supervision over field services func- level ammunition group is not established, spe-
tions. ARFOR, via the TSC, may be responsible cialized battalions assigned to the ASG provide
to provide significant field service CUL support ammunition support. ASGs can support interme-
within the AO/joint operations area (JOA). diate staging base and RSOI operations.
___________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics 2-15
ASGs are composed of specialized and multi- theater operations through the air operations
functional units. The mission, functions, and center (AOC).
organization of ASGs vary according to the type
and extent of support required. Director of Mobility Forces
ASGs provide a wide variety of support to units The director of mobility forces (DIRMOBFOR) is
stationed in or passing through their areas. An normally a senior officer familiar with the JOA
ASG area of support depends on the density of and possesses an extensive background in airlift
military units and materiel to be supported and on operations. When established, DIRMOBFOR
political boundaries and identifiable terrain fea- serves as the designated agent of the Air Force
tures. Normally, one ASG is assigned to a TSC component commander or joint force air compo-
for every 15,000 to 30,000 troops supported in nent commander for airlift issues. In addition, the
the AO. ASGs are generally located along land DIRMOBFOR exercises coordinating authority
LOC to take advantage of the transportation net- between the airlift coordination cell, the air mobil-
work and to provide responsive support to the ity element, the tanker airlift control center, the
units they support. JMC, and the AOC to expedite the resolution of
airlift problems.
Corps Support Command
Air Operations Center
The size and composition of the corps support
command (COSCOM) depend on the type of The AOC is the principal air operations installation
Army corps (e.g. airborne, armored), number of from which aircraft and air warning functions of
soldiers to be supported, type of organizations combat air operations are directed, controlled, and
supported, number and types of weapon systems executed. The AOC is the senior agency of the
to repair, and tonnage of supplies to be issued and COMAFFOR from which C2 of air operations are
transported. The COSCOM consists of a special coordinated with other components and Services.
troop battalion and headquarters company, func-
tional control centers, a variable number of corps Airlift Coordination Cell
support groups (CSGs), a medical brigade, and a An airlift coordination cell within the AOC plans,
transportation group. COSCOMs are designed to coordinates, manages, and executes theater airlift
provide tactical-level DS and GS support to corps
operations in the AOR or JOA. Normally, the air
units, but with proper staff and unit augmenta-
coordination cell consists of an airlift plans
tion, COSCOMs can perform significant opera-
branch, an airlift operations branch, and an airlift
tional-level support functions.
support branch.
to the appropriate AE elements, and monitors Nations. NGOs may be professional associa-
patient movement activities. tions, foundations, multinational businesses, or
simply groups with a common interest in humani-
Air Force Contingency Supply Squadron tarian assistance (development and relief). NGO
is a term normally used by non-U.S. organiza-
The Air Force contingency supply squadron
tions. Examples are Doctors without Borders and
(AFCSS) provides global supply, fuels, account-
Save the Children Fund.
ing, and supply computer support to the geo-
graphical combatant commanders or major air The United Nations
force command during wartime, contingency,
natural disaster, or humanitarian relief operations. The United Nations, Department of Peacekeep-
The level of support provided by the AFCSS ing Operations, Field and Logistics Division,
depends on the situation and the support Logistics and Communications Services is the
requested by the major command or the sup- logistic organization responsible for most United
ported combatant commander. The AFCSS pro- Nations operations. This organization plans logis-
vides limited support for deployments less than tic support, determines support requirements, par-
30 days. For operation greater than 30 days, the ticipates in technical survey teams, manages and
AFCSS provides full supply support to include arranges deployments, and determines the need
funds management, stock control, and monitor- for construction projects.
ing of requisitions, fuels accounting, and base
operating support.
Multinational Theater Organization
Civilian
The civilian augmentation program is a DOD pro- Multinational operations are conducted by coali-
gram designed to use civilian contractors to per- tions or alliances between two or more nations and
form selected services during military operations. are initiated to achieve common interests. A coali-
Civilian contractors are used to displace deployed tion is an ad hoc arrangement between two or
forces, allowing them to be redeployed for other more nations for common action. An alliance is
contingencies and to limit the size of a military the result of formal agreements between two or
force in-theater. more nations for broad, long-term objectives that
further the common interests of the members. Mul-
tinational operations participants are generally
Interagency Theater Organizations reluctant to grant the multinational force com-
manders (MNFCs) full control over their forces.
Interagency organizations are DOD, other U.S. Logistic Principles
Government departments or agencies, NGOs,
regional organizations, and international organi- Multinational logistics (MNL) is defined as any
zations. The MARFOR may join a number of coordinating logistic activity involving two or
interagency organizations in theater, especially more countries or organizations in support of
during MOOTW. MNFs. The following principles guide forces par-
ticipating in MNL:
Nongovernmental Organizations
l Logistic support is a collective responsibility of
NGOs are transnational organizations of private the MNF and the participating nations.
citizens that maintain a consultative status with l Individual nations are responsible for the logis-
the Economic and Social Council of the United tic support of their forces.
___________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics 2-17
l MNFC must have sufficient authority over logis- l Identifies operational-level logistic force require-
tic resources. ments to support the operation.
l Cooperation and coordination are necessary. l Determines and establishes lead-nation respon-
l Mutual support agreements reduce the logistic sibilities within the assigned AO.
footprint in a theater. l Determines host-nation/theater resource require-
l Synergy results from the use of multinational ments/availability and negotiates necessary
integrated logistic support. agreements.
l MNFC must have visibility of the logistic activi- l Assesses logistic strength of particular forces;
ties during an operation. identifies logistic shortfalls; and, in coordination
with nation representatives, initiates actions nec-
Logistic Structure essary to remedy the shortfalls.
l Prioritizes logistic requirements in accordance
The MNF logistic structure is complex, but gen- with MNFC guidance and deconflicts compet-
erally parallels the U.S. joint/Service structure. ing requirements.
The purpose and operations of the multinational l Identifies common-funded requirements, devel-
joint logistic center (MJLC) overlap and are ops budgets, and seeks appropriate funding.
based on the specific requirements of the opera- l Establishes and publishes logistic reporting
tion. Table 2-3 shows joint/multinational/Service- requirements.
level organizations. l Establishes the MNL C2 organization, deter-
mines manning, and harmonizes unit rotation
Table 2-3. Joint/Multinational/Service-Level
Organizations.
schedules with the needs of the MNF.
l Interfaces at the national level with those
Level Multinational U.S. Joint/Service nations providing logistic assets/units for oper-
ations.
Joint force l MNFC senior theater l J-4 l Interfaces, as necessary, with the national con-
logistician LRC
MJLC
l
tingents, especially with the host nations.
l
l Joint logistic boards,
offices, and centers l Provides/implements logistic planning guid-
ance in conjunction with the MNFC logistic
Component Multinational logistic l National support planning staff.
center (MNLC). element (NSE)
l MLC l Coordinates the early development of logistic
support plans to meet the needs of evolving
Operating Multinational integrated l NSEs operations.
forces logistic units (MILUs) l FSSG, BSSG,
MWSG, MWSS
Multinational Joint Logistic Center
The MJLC coordinates or controls the logistic
MNFC Senior Theater Logistician
activities of designated organizations to support
The combined/joint logistics representative is the the MNF. In addition, it operates functionally ori-
multinational equivalent of the J-4. The senior ented centralized coordination centers.
theater logistician develops initial logistical guid-
ance, plans for the logistical support of the opera- Centralized Coordination Centers
tion, and promulgates logistic policies on behalf
of the MNFC. The senior theater logistician has These organizations are functional, under the com-
the following responsibilities: mand of the MJLC, and are roughly equivalent to
the joint offices, boards, and centers. The MJLC
l Plans the logistic support necessary to support activates centralized coordination centers for joint
the MNFC’s concept of operations. logistic operations, HNS/theater resources, theater
2-18 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ MCWP 4-12
allied contracting, medical coordination center MILU is OPCON to either the MNFC or a
(MEDCC), theater movement coordination center national Service component commander.
(TMCC), engineering, and others as needed. These
centers coordinate logistics with the MNLC. National Support Element
NSEs are national organizations or activities that
Multinational Logistic Centers support national forces attached to a MNF. NSEs
are OPCON to national authorities and are not nor-
MNLCs coordinate logistics at the national Ser-
mally part of the MNF. Their mission is nation-
vice component level, such as the MARFOR.
specific support to units and common support that
is retained by the nation. NSEs coordinate and
Multinational Integrated Logistic Units cooperate with the host-nation commander and the
MILUs are organized when two or more nations host nation. The MLC, FSSG, BSSG, MWSG, and
agree to provide logistic assets to an MNF. The MWSS are examples of NSEs.
CHAPTER 3. COMMAND AND CONTROL
Operational logistic C2 involves the organizations, logistics C2 begins with the national military com-
communications, and processes needed to generate, mand structure.
collect, and transmit the necessary logistic informa-
tion to execute force closure, sustainment, and
reconstitution and redeployment. Logistic C2 has National Military Command Structure
three primary goals—recognizing needed support
and ensuring the support reaches units that need it,
anticipating future requirements, and allocating Marine Corps combatant command-level compo-
resources. C2 supports the operational logistic plan- nents occupy a point of convergence between the
ning, decision, execution, and assessment (PDE&A) operational and Service (administrative) chains of
cycle. It enables the component commander to command in the national military command struc-
exchange logistic information with joint, multina- ture. See figure 3-1. Below the National Command
tional, other Service components, host nation, the Authorities (NCA), the two chains of command
MAGTF, and the strategic base. The operational diverge with the operational chain running through
the combatant commands to the Service compo- A combatant command-level MARFOR is formed
nent and with administrative authority flowing on a continuing basis. The combatant-level
through the Service secretaries and Service chiefs commander, Marine Corps forces (COMMARFOR)
to the Service component commander. may deploy with a staff in situations where the CINC
and principal staff deploy to the operational area.
Joint Forces When deployed to a theater of war, the MARFOR
can be organized with two commanders and two
There are three levels of joint forces: unified com- staffs or with one commander and two staffs.
mands, subordinate unified commands, and JTFs.
The NCA has established nine unified commands,
Two-Commanders/Two-Staff Method
also referred to as CINCs, to perform broad con-
tinuing missions. The five combatant commands In the two-commander/two-staff arrangement, one
are responsible for a geographical area, while the commander and one staff function as the
unified commands are functionally responsible for MARFOR, while the other commander, supported
transportation, space, special operations, and strate- by a staff, commands the MAGTF.
gic forces. The CINC, United States Transporta-
tion Command (USCINCTRANS) is the functional
One-Commander/Two-Staff Method
unified commander for transportation.
In the one-commander/two-staff arrangement, one
Combatant commanders may form standing subor-
commander is dual-hatted as COMMARFOR and
dinate unified commands to perform broad and
MAGTF commander supported by a component
continuing missions. For limited and temporary
staff and MAGTF staff.
operations, JTFs are established that report to either
a combatant command, subordinate unified com-
mand, or an existing JTF. COMMARFORPAC can One-Commander/One-Staff Method
establish and deploy two JTF headquarters, and
For smaller scaled operations, a one-commander
COMMARFORLANT can deploy one JTF head-
and one-staff organization is used at the
quarters, ordered by their combatant commanders.
subordinate joint command level. This organization
Joint commanders organize their commands method is primarily used with a JTF but can be
either by function, Service component, or by a used for a subordinate unified command. In this
combination of both methods. Joint forces with method, the MAGTF commander and staff are also
assigned and/or attached MARFOR have Marine designated as the component commander and staff.
Corps Service components. The combatant command-level MARFOR can
augment the component/MAGTF commander with
Marine Corps Components personnel to establish an embedded component
staff. Located with the MAGTF staff, the
The Marine Corps has three methods of organiz- embedded staff concentrates on operational-level
ing and staffing the two levels of componency functions while the MAGTF staff focuses on
shown in table 3-1. tactical considerations.
l Providing supporting operation and exercise plans l Use common cryptographic systems.
to support assigned missions. l Agree on policy in advance of war.
and logistic support from its parent combatant l Designating the MLC or other MARFOR sub-
command-level MARFOR. For Service-specific ordinate logistic agency as the liaison to
matters, the subordinate MARFOR communicates selected joint boards and offices.
directly with its parent MARFOR. When forces are
attached from one combatant command-level Supporting Marine Corps Forces
MARFOR to another, the MARFOR providing the
Depending on the circumstances, combatant
force and the MARFOR gaining the force should
agree on and specify the support relationship for the command-level MARFORs can be either
attached forces. The Marine Corps SE and HQMC supporting or supported MARFORs. However,
are responsible for providing the MARFOR COMMARFORLANT and COMMARFORPAC
logistics and administrative support. are the established Marine Corps links to the
Marine Corps operating forces, the Selected Marine
The JFC may attach multinational and/or other Corps Reserve (SMCR), and most bases and
Service forces to the MARFOR. Normally, logis- stations in the SE.
tics is a Service and national responsibility; how- From the operating forces, COMMARFORLANT
ever, the implementation of CUL arrangements and COMMARFORPAC can source logistic
may require the MARFOR to include and sup- requirements from the peacetime operating stocks,
port the operational logistic requirements of non- remain-behind equipment (RBE), and war reserve
Marine Corps units. The MARFOR remains materiel stocks field (WRMSF) under their control.
responsible for informing the JFC on logistic
Peacetime operating stocks are the everyday
issues affecting the execution of its mission.
Marine Corps operating supplies (e.g., major end
items and secondary items of equipment authorized
Assistant Chief of Staff, G-4 by tables of equipment [T/Es]). RBE is the
The assistant chief of staff (AC/S), G-4, is the equipment that is left behind when an MPF
COMMARFOR’s principal advisor for logistics. MAGTF deploys or a MAGTF deploys that will
The focus of the MARFOR AC/S, G-4, is on use the geoprepositioned equipment and supplies in
planning, logistic policy, and coordination with Norway. WRMSF is the portion of the war reserve
agencies/Services external to the MAGTF for materiel requirement held by the operating forces.
theater logistics.
Relationships with Navy Aviation Commands
The MARFOR G-4 is responsible for the follow-
ing functions: Commander, Naval Air Force, Pacific, and Com-
mander, Naval Air Force, Atlantic, deal directly
l Assisting the COMMARFOR in the develop- with the MAGTF ACE on aviation logistic mat-
ment and implementation of logistic policy. ters. The Commander, Naval Air Force, Pacific,
l Establishing priorities for the provision of and Commander, Naval Air Force, Atlantic, are
logistics and allocation of logistic resources. the aviation type commands within the Navy’s
l Establishing the division of labor between the chain of command. Although the ACE and the
MLC, if established, and MAGTF. Navy-type commands have direct communica-
l Setting the boundaries for direct liaison autho- tions, the MAGTF commander must ensure that
rized (DIRLAUTH) for MARFOR logistic ele- the MARFOR is fully knowledgeable on logistic
ments with external agencies. matters affecting Marine Corp aviation. This
l Coordinating nonaviation-peculiar logistics for information is required for the MARFOR to exe-
MARFOR and other attached forces. cute the responsibility of informing the JFC of
l Initiating and maintaining active liaison with any changes in logistic support that will affect the
HHQ, other Services, and allied forces. JFC’s ability to accomplish the mission.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
3-6 MCWP 4-12
Relationships with Other Joint extent possible, this should be determined during
Force Component Commands deliberate planning and during initial warning orders
for crisis action planning to allow the MAGTF
Joint policy encourages the Service components commander to properly task-organize forces.
to coordinate, consult, and agree on common pro-
cedures and efficient use of logistic resources.
The JFC may exercise DAL and establish joint Logistics Authority in Joint Operations
support relationships. The JFC may direct the
MARFOR to provide logistics to other Service
units and personnel arriving early in theater. In Unity of command requires responsibility and
addition, the JFC may use Marine Corps through- authority for logistics to support joint operations be
put organizations established during arrival and vested in a single command authority. The single
assembly operations as the nucleus for follow-on command authority improves effectiveness and effi-
joint force closure. When the JFC directs a ser- ciency while preventing unnecessary duplication of
vice component to provide CUL, the MARFOR logistic effort among the Service components. The
coordinates with the supporting or supported JFC exercises DAL through cross-servicing, com-
components to ensure responsiveness of the sup- mon-servicing, and joint-servicing.
port relationship directed.
Joint Force Commander
Relationships with the MAGTF
and Attached Forces To supervise and control logistic operations, the
JFC may—
The MARFOR normally has OPCON and admin-
istrative control (ADCON) of the assigned and/or l Coordinate the total logistic effort through ser-
attached MAGTF. If the combatant commander vice components and other subordinate com-
attaches a MAGTF to a functional component, the mands as required.
MARFOR retains ADCON of the MAGTF. For l Establish joint boards and offices as required to
attached forces from other Services and nations, exercise control of logistics and promote econ-
the MARFOR normally coordinates with the pro- omy of effort.
viding Service component for the logistic support
l Establish policies consistent with authority and
of attached forces. The JFC may define support
existing JPs.
relationships for attached forces in the operation or
execute order. l Coordinate with other supporting commands to
achieve long-term sustainment of forces.
While the MARFOR AC/S, G-4, focuses on l Prescribe and allocate common-user resources
planning, logistic policy, and external coordination to components and subordinate commands.
for the theater campaign, the MLC executes
l Use inter-Service support and common- or
COMMARFOR operational logistic responsibilities cross-servicing agreements to eliminate unnec-
with an internal focus on supporting the MARFOR essary duplication.
major subordinate commands. The external
coordination by the MLC is with the MARFOR and l Establish and coordinate priorities and pro-
joint logistic agencies responsible for the execution grams to ensure effective use of supplies, facili-
of theater logistics. The MARFOR will determine ties, and personnel.
the best mix of external and organic Marine Corps l Review adequacy of service components’
sources to support the MAGTF. The MARFOR may requirements consistent with service directives.
task the MAGTF with providing the resources l Synchronize the concept of logistics with the
required for operational logistic functions. To the concept of operations and ensure unity of effort.
____________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics 3-7
Parallel Command Structure mander while other members have not. Effective
In parallel command structure, separate but parallel C2 of logistics is extremely difficult to attain in
national command structures exist to satisfy politi- such an arrangement. During Desert Storm, the
cal/diplomatic requirements. National forces are not U.S. led coalition used the parallel/lead nation
subordinate to a single commander. See figure 3-9 command structure.
on page 3-10. CUL support is difficult. A central-
Command Relationships
ized coordination center should be established
between various command echelons to provide The critical feature of multinational operations is
mutually beneficial logistics. Usually, the parallel that participants are from sovereign nations. Nor-
command structure occurs in coalition operations. mally, this gives the MNFC minimum control over
the different national forces in the command. For
Combination Parallel/Lead Nation Command Structure example, the CINC retains command authority over
In this structure, some multinational members U.S. Forces attached to an MNF. This includes the
have subordinated themselves to a single com- authority and responsibility for using available
3-10 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ MCWP 4-12
resources and for planning employment, organiz- tracting. National forces should send staff
ing, directing, coordinating, controlling, and pro- members that are functionally proficient, speak a
tecting the military force. The chain of command common language, and have adequate communi-
runs from the President to the lowest U.S. com- cations connectivity with their national commands.
mander in the field and remains inviolate. U.S.
commanders will maintain the capability to report
separately to higher U.S. military authorities in Communications
addition to foreign commanders.
Other nations are as judicious in maintaining con- The MARFOR headquarters is the hub of opera-
trol over their own forces attached to an MNF. tional level of war activities and requires exten-
National authorities may allow another country to sive communications connectivity. However, the
have OPCON, tactical control, and support rela- requirement to support a deployable MARFOR
tionships over their forces; however, coordinat- headquarters with communications and informa-
ing authority will be the most probable command tion systems (CIS) personnel and equipment can
relationship used in multinational operations. have a significant effect on the availability of CIS
Even when OPCON is granted to an MNFC, a resources to support the MAGTF.
nation will normally maintain a separate chain of
command to their forces. Communications Battalion
augmented for joint operations by joint force- Global Combat Support System
provided communications systems.
The GCSS provides integration and interoperabil-
Marine Logistics Command ity between combat support functions and C2 to
support the operational needs of the warfighter. It
The MLC must be able to communicate inter- directly supports command, control, communica-
nally within the component and externally with tions, computers, and intelligence. Using the
the host nation, joint agencies, multinational defense information infrastructure (DII) and/or
organizations, other component headquarters, and common operating environment (COE) as well as
the strategic base. Internally, the MLC relies on the shared data environment, GCSS ensures rapid
the FSSG communications company for connec- integration of combat support applications by
tivity with subordinate commands and elements. providing a seamless flow of operational and sus-
The communications capability may be sourced taining base information to the warfighter. GCSS
from the supported FSSG depending on the tacti- provides accurate and near real time total asset
cal situation, Marine forces available, and the visibility vital to the deployment, employment,
MARFOR logistic support concept. The commu- sustainment, reconstitution, and redeployment of
nications company establishes connectivity joint combat assets or resources.
between the MLC headquarters and subordinate
CSSEs. Within the MARFOR, the supporting The GCSS portal is a web-based, online query
communications element establishes connectiv- capability to access fused and integrated combat
ity among the MLC, the MARFOR, and the sup- support data. It consists of a set of applications
ported FSSG. The MLC communicates with that may be accessible individually or directly
external organizations to the MARFOR through from the common operational picture (COP)-cli-
the circuits established for the MARFOR by the ent server environment (CSE). Current combat
communications battalion. support applications on the GCSS portal are
accessible via a unilateral log-on feature through
public key infrastructure technology.
Command, Control, Communications,
and Computer Systems Global Command and Control System
The GCCS is a graphical depiction of warfighting
Advancements in information technology and information available in an AOR. A key tool for
communications are improving command, con- commanders planning and conducting joint
trol, communications, and computers (C4) capa- operations, GCCS enhances the flow of information
bilities. C4 systems developed for strategic or between the NCA, joint staff, and commanders by
tactical use can be applied at the operational amplifying situation reports (SITREPs), operational
level. The Global Combat Support System reports (OPREPs), and other key reports. GCCS
(GCSS), Global Command and Control System displays battlespace information in a graphical
(GCCS), and Joint Operation Planning and Exe- manner that links to detailed information, which
cution System (JOPES) are logistic information SITREPs and OPREPs are unable to display. The
management systems that improve the planning GCCS provides the user interface to access combat
and execution of operational logistic functions. support and CSS applications such as Global
3-12 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ MCWP 4-12
Transportation Network (GTN) and joint total asset tions for deployment and employment planning.
visibility (JTAV). The GCCS provides direct The following systems feed MAGTF logistic
combat support (e.g., logistic, transportation, requirements into JOPES.
medical, personnel) information to warfighters.
MAGTF II/Logistic Automated Information System
Global Transportation Network and The Marine air-ground task force system II
Joint Total Asset Visibility
(MAGTF II)/logistic automated information sys-
Among the joint automated systems that will tem (LOGAIS) supports Marine Corps ground
enable GCSS are GTN and JTAV. The GTN is a logistic data requirements. Marine Corps planners
global C2 information repository designed to use MAGTF II to create operations plans. The
track DOD unit and non-unit cargo and passen- MAGTF II system is the primary planning tool
gers while in transit. JTAV allows timely and for selecting and tailoring a MAGTF and for pro-
accurate information on the location, movement, viding updates to JOPES. It includes Transporta-
status, and identity of units, personnel, equip- tion Coordinator’s Automated Information for
ment, and supplies. JTAV integrates in-process, Movement System (TC-AIMS) and the MAGTF
in-storage, or in-transit visibility (ITV). ITV Deployment Support System II (MDSS II).
refers to the ability to track the identity, status,
and location of DOD unit and non-unit cargo, Transportation Coordinator’s Automated
passengers, and medical patients from origin to Information for Movement System. The TC-
the foxhole, during peace, contingencies, and AIMS provides automated support for motor
war. GTN provides the ITV that is integrated transport control, planning of support, and coor-
with JTAV. dination of overland movement and convoys.
Managing use and movement of day-to-day
Joint Decision Support Tools motor transport and heavy equipment, TC-AIMS
resource-management module provides inven-
The joint decision support tools (JDSTs) provide tory, support requests, and task and dispatch
warfighters and logisticians with the ability to management. In addition, TC-AIMS supports
access support force capabilities to perform mis- convoy management with an embarkation and
sion tasks, develop and evaluate logistic opera-
marshaling module. This system also tracks criti-
tional support plans, monitor logistic operations,
cal events, including user-time statistics.
and react to deviations from project support. The
JDSTs are available via a web-based, client- MAGTF Deployment Support System II. The
server environment that complies with DII and MDSS II assists in deployment planning and exe-
COE architecture standards and requirements. cution and unit movement at the MEF level and
below. It functions in coordination with TC-AIMS.
Joint Operation Planning and
Execution System Asset Tracking Logistics and Supply System
The JOPES is the integrated C2 system used to The Asset Tracking Logistics and Supply System
plan and execute joint military operations. JOPES (ATLASS) provides automated support for supply
includes joint operation planning policies, proce- and maintenance. It replaces the Marine Integrated
dures, and reporting structures supported by com- Maintenance Management System (MIMMS) and
munications and automated data processing on the supported activities supply system (SASSY).
GCCS. Marine Corps planners use these applica- ATLASS is being implemented through phased
___________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics 3-13
development, with the current phase focusing on Naval Aviation Logistics Command
integrating user unit supply and shop-level mainte- Management Information System
nance functions. ATLASS will provide functional The MALS uses the Naval Aviation Logistics
logistic management for sustainment and distribu- Command Management Information System
tion information to MAGTF II/LOGAIS. (NALCOMIS) software application to provide
automated information processing support for
Navy Support Systems maintenance of aviation equipment and spares to
aviation units and selected base and garrison
Three Navy systems support Marine Corps aviation. activities throughout the Marine Corps.
system, coordinating with joint operational logistic Marine Corps Planning Process, describes the
infrastructure in theater, and supporting force clo- MCPP, which is aligned with and complements,
sure. The MARFOR is responsible for coordinat- the joint planning processes found in JP 5-0, Doc-
ing and supervising the following planning tasks: trine for Planning Joint Operations. When desig-
nated as a JFC or preparing a supporting plan to a
l Identifying force logistic requirements.
campaign, a commander and staff use JOPES and
l Coordinating and supervising force closure and the MCPP. Plans, orders, and reports should
onward movement. adhere to JOPES formats.
l Organizing MARFOR logistic support through
the COMMZ.
l Developing agreements with other component Joint Operation Planning and
commands and participating in component com- Execution System
mand-level working groups.
Joint operation planning encompasses planning
l Continuously refining force personnel, sustain- activities required for conducting joint opera-
ment, transportation, and reception requirements. tions. These activities include the mobilization,
l Informing the JFC of changes in logistic deployment, employment, sustainment, and rede-
requirements that might affect Marine Corps ployment of forces. Conducted under JOPES pol-
operations. icy, procedures, and automated data processing
l Sourcing MARFOR requirements from the support, joint operational planning is a coordi-
Marine Corps, other Service components, joint, nated process used by a commander to determine
HNS, or multinational agencies. the best method of accomplishing the mission. In
l Allocating intratheater transportation assets. peacetime, the process is called deliberate plan-
l Developing theater facilities. ning. In crises, it is called crisis action planning.
l Implementing ACSAs to fill MAGTF require-
ments and coordinate HNS. There are three types of planning at the joint level:
l Coordinating MARFOR contingency contract- deliberate planning, crisis action planning, and
ing with the JFC chief of contracting. campaign planning. Deliberate and crisis action
l Coordinating and integrating HSS in the theater planning have distinct processes. Campaign plan-
of war with the JFS or senior medical regulat- ning uses the deliberate and crisis action processes
ing authority. for developing plans.
l Coordinating and supervising reconstitution and The TPFDD is the database portion of an
redeployment. OPLAN contained in JOPES. It contains time-
l Ensuring the effectiveness and economy of phased force data, nonunit-related cargo and per-
Marine Corps operational-level logistics. sonnel data, and movement data for the OPLAN.
l Developing and coordinating a plan for RBE. The TPFDD contains the following information:
l In-place units.
Processes l Deploying units to support the OPLAN with a
priority indicating the sequence for their arrival
Operational-level logistic planners participate in at the port of debarkation.
the Marine Corps Planning Process (MCPP) and l Routes of deploying forces.
use JOPES for deliberate and crisis action plan- l Movement data of deploying forces.
ning. The MCPP is an internal planning process l Estimates of nonunit-related cargo and person-
used by the Marine Corps operating forces. Marine nel movements to be conducted concurrently
Corps Warfighting Publication (MCWP) 5-1, with the deployment of forces.
____________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics 4-3
G-1, G-2, G-3 G-4, G-5, G-6, staff judge advo- and access previously prepared and emerging
cate, health services, public affairs, etc. The planning products from JOPES. For extended
FSSG will normally provide an LNO to partici- operations, the planning and execution functions
pate in MEF OPTs. of the CAT will transition to the current opera-
tions, future operations, and plans sections.
Current Operations Section
The current operations section coordinates and Concept of Logistics
executes the OPORD, prepares and transmits tacti-
cal orders, monitors operations, tracks CCIR,
reports relevant information to the commander, The concept of logistics is a statement, in a
and analyzes battlespace information. Based on the broad outline, of how a commander intends to
situation, current operations, commander’s intent, support and integrate with the concept of opera-
and battle feedback, this section modifies orders, tions during an operation or campaign. The state-
refines branch plans, generates new COAs and/or ment provides a general discussion of how the
plans, and issues tactical orders. The G-3 has staff operation will be logistically supported and inte-
cognizance over the current operations section. grated with other critical concepts (e.g., the con-
cept of maneuver, fires, and force protection). It
Crisis Action Team should be composed with enough depth to ensure
that subordinate commanders and staffs under-
During the initial stages of a crisis, the G-3 usu- stand the envisioned logistic operations. The
ally task-organizes the crisis action team (CAT) concept of logistics should describe the organi-
to rapidly collect and manage information. To zation and positioning of operational logistic
support the commander’s primary concern for assets to execute the mission. The concept may
force readiness and deployment planning in the include planned employment of other Service
initial stage of a crisis, the CAT may initiate the and nation logistic/CSS forces, HNS logistic
planning process, develop situational awareness, capabilities, and/or LOC operations.
____________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics 4-5
Sources
Host-Nation Support
During the planning process, Marine Corps com-
ponent, MLC, and FSSG planners can request or HNS is the civil and/or military assistance ren-
obtain operational-level logistic intelligence by dered by a nation to foreign forces within its terri-
using intelligence preparation of the battlespace tory during peacetime, crises, emergencies, or war
(IPB), intelligence production organizations, and based on agreements mutually concluded between
organic unit human intelligence sources. nations. The development of HNS agreements is
usually based on a status-of-forces agreement
Intelligence Preparation of the Battlespace between the host nation and the United States.
Such agreements are normally umbrella-type
IPB is an analytical methodology employed to
agreements, augmented by technical arrangements
reduce operational uncertainties concerning the
that detail the specific support to be provided and
enemy, environment, and terrain. IPB builds an the type/amount of reimbursement. In some cases,
extensive database for each potential area where reimbursement may not be required because the
a unit may be required to operate. The database is host nation recognizes the importance of foreign
analyzed in detail to determine the impact of the forces on their territory and considers their HNS to
enemy, environment, and terrain on operations. be a contribution to the security arrangement. Each
Planners use HHQ’s IPB products during mis- country or region is unique in its approach to HNS.
sion analysis and update the IPB during the plan- In the absence of a formal support arrangement,
ning process. the MAGTF can contract local supplies and ser-
vices in the AO.
Production Organizations
HNS agreements are usually established in diplo-
The following intelligence production organiza- matic channels, however, during crises, the geo-
tions provide logistic intelligence on seaports, air- graphic combatant commander may request
fields, threat, noncombatants, and infrastructure: authority to negotiate bilateral agreements.
l Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA). Logistic planners identify, evaluate, and deter-
l Operational Intelligence Coordination Center. mine host-nation sources of supplies and ser-
l USTRANSCOM. vices to be used during the operation. Information
l Marine Corps Intelligence Agency. on existing agreements can be obtained from
existing OPLANs and from requests to HHQ for
l National Imagery and Mapping Agency.
information formulated during the mission analy-
l Central Intelligence Agency. sis phase of planning. Information regarding
HNS can also be obtained from legal and civil
Organic Unit Human Intelligence affairs units, the DIA, the appropriate area LNO
at the Defense Security Cooperation Agency, and
During operations, tactical organizations such as
from contact with local authorities in the host
CSSEs can be an excellent source of intelligence
nation. The types of support that can be obtained
updates. Convoys, mobile CSSEs, and individual
and/or contracted from a host nation include—
drivers (military and local contracted) travel
throughout the AO on a daily basis. These units l Transportation.
can provide updated information on the location l Civilian labor.
and status of roads, trails, and waterways to update
l Rear area protection.
map products. MARFOR and FSSG logistic plan-
ners should establish feedback plans to take advan- l Acquisition of equipment.
tage of this source of intelligence updates. l Airlift services.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
4-8 MCWP 4-12
U.S. Forces have the ability to contract goods and Unlike HNS, in-country sources do not have for-
services directly from the local economy. In mal agreements between nations that planners
arranging support for the MAGTF, the MARFOR can easily obtain and analyze as potential sources
may use contingency contracting to obtain goods of support. Information on local sources is harder
and services. The level of support differs from to determine but can be obtained from the same
country to country and must be thoroughly ana- sources as HNS.
lyzed by the MARFOR during the planning pro-
The following considerations influence planning
cess and constantly reassessed during employment.
for the early deployment of contracting personnel:
The MARFOR must weigh the impact of contin-
gency contracting on the local economy. l Protection of contractor personnel.
Contracting may compete for scarce resources, l Assignment of an in-theater head of contracting
strain the local economy, and exacerbate an activity for U.S. Forces participating in the
already unstable situation. The CINC or combined operation.
headquarters may establish a centralized contin- l Use of third country subcontractors and/or per-
gency contracting office that coordinates contract- sonnel.
ing activities. Joint contracting helps to keep prices l Limitations on the physical presence of con-
down, minimize negative impact on the local econ- tractors (i.e., boundaries within which contrac-
omy, and settle conflicts between Services. tors are to operate).
Contingency contracting is performed during mil- l Payment of customs duties by contractors when
itary operations in an overseas location follow- entering the country.
ing the policies and procedures of the Federal l Payment of corporate and/or individual taxes.
Acquisition Regulatory System. Marine Corps l Payment by contractors of taxes on goods
contractors may acquire supplies and services bought within the country/AO.
____________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics 4-9
Environmental matters such as transportation and exchange of supplies or services of an equal value.
disposal criteria and locations for hazardous waste For non-NATO countries to participate in this pro-
and scrap. gram, SECDEF must designate the country. This
requires an ACSA agreement. The SECDEF sub-
mits notice of the intended designation to congres-
Acquisition Cross-Service Agreements sional committees 30 days in advance.
ACSAs are bilateral agreements used for the mutual After SECDEF designation, unified combatant
exchange of supplies and services. The purpose of commands negotiate cross-service agreements.
ACSA is to further the CINC’s strategy of coopera- Services or components negotiate implementing
tive engagement by promoting interoperability, arrangements with counterparts. An implement-
enhancing operational readiness, and providing cost ing arrangement provides the mechanics and
effective mutual support. points of contact to make the ACSA work.
Accounting, reporting, billing, and collecting are
Types of Authority Service responsibilities.
requirements. For example, this coordination cul- MLC receives assistance and resources beyond
minated in the DS command controlling the its organic capabilities. The MAGTF submits its
motor transportation battalions of both FSSGs requirements to the MLC, which analyzes the
during the offensive, while the 1st FSSG requirements for supportability.
employed GSG-1 and GSG-2 to conduct opera-
tional-level, intratheater lift operations with con-
Mission
tracted vehicles, coalition and reserve drivers,
and Army tanker trucks.
The MLC is a CSSE designated as the MARFOR
The MARFOR provides logistic policy and the operational logistic unit. The CSSE deploys to
MLC executes that policy to support forces establish the MARFOR logistic support structure
assigned to the MARFOR. When priorities of to facilitate force closure operations, including
support are required, the MARFOR ensures the arrival and assembly. On order redesignated as the
____________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics 5-3
MLC, the CSSE provides GS to MARFOR and tional and other Service forces, but is not a joint
other assigned and/or attached forces to ensure the or multinational theater logistic force. The MLC
forward warfighting focus of the MAGTF. performs the following tasks:
Because of initial force closure efforts, the MLC ing HNS and liaison with joint agencies that man-
establishes a forward base for sustained opera- age these functions.
tions. The MLC supports the arrival and assem-
bly of subsequent MPFs, the force closure of the During force closure, MLC coordinates construc-
MAGTF follow-on echelon, and intratheater and tion requirements include building camps, medi-
intertheater sustainment operations. The MLC cal facilities, bulk fuel and water storage sites,
coordinates Marine force closure activities with and ammunition storage points; improving exist-
the JFC and joint movement control agencies. ing airfields; and/or establishing forward operat-
ing bases. The MLC engineer officer executes
Contracting personnel should be included in the MARFOR construction priorities by coordinat-
MLC to initiate contingency contracting opera- ing the engineering efforts of the MLC, NCF, and
tions resulting from emergency requirements, and MAGTF and coordinates construction projects
to establish relations with local vendors. When with the MARFOR engineer officer. The HSS
authorized by the MARFOR, MLC contractors medical coordination cell coordinates the estab-
coordinate activities with joint agencies. Legal lishment of the HSS system with the MARFOR
service support and civil affairs personnel assist surgeon, MAGTF surgeon, and the MPF fleet
in host nation relations, contracting, and obtain- hospitals. The MLC may establish a Marine
____________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics 5-5
logistic operations center for C2 of operations the MARFOR. Use of MLC transportation assets
modeled after an FSSG-level combat service sup- and HNS assets in the combat zone adds respon-
port operations center. siveness and flexibility to logistic support for the
MAGTF. See appendix A for a notional func-
Sustainment tional division of labor between the MARFOR,
MLC, and FSSG.
At ports and airfields, MLC supply personnel
receive, store, and prepare MAGTF accompany- Reconstitution
ing supplies for movement to the combat zone.
MLC transportation units move cargo and bulk Although reconstitution is largely a command
liquids to MAGTF combat service support areas and operations function, the actual refitting, sup-
(CSSAs). In addition, the MLC uses contract and ply, personnel fill, and medical actions are con-
other Service trucks, watercraft, and aircraft to ducted by CSS and administrative elements, such
move cargo and personnel. MLC engineers may as MLC. The MLC begins reconstitution plan-
support MAGTF engineers in building ammuni- ning before the employment phase of the expedi-
tion supply points (ASPs), CSSAs, LOCs, and tionary operation. The MLC obtains and analyzes
expeditionary airfields. The MLC may establish the MAGTF projection for reconstitution require-
detachments at MAGTF forward operating bases ments, participates in the planning process, and
to provide GS. coordinates Marine Corps requirements with joint
To establish a Marine Corps logistic distribution agencies and strategic organizations. MLC plan-
system, the MLC continues to integrate MARFOR ning and executing actions include the following:
activities and requirements with joint agencies per l Determining the MAGTF resource requirements.
MARFOR guidance. MLC throughput activities are l Coordinating Marine Corps requirements with
integrated with joint reception, staging, onward joint, host nation, and strategic logistic support
movement, and integration (JRSOI), and the activi- agencies.
ties of the MARFOR MCC are synchronized with
l Synchronizing the recovery of the MAGTF from
JMC operations.
the combat zone with the tactical situation.
Construction projects focus on expanding ware- l Synchronizing reconstitution and redeployment
houses and maintenance facilities and on main- operations with theater and strategic lift.
taining and improving intratheater LOC and l Establishing maintenance areas, parking and
throughput infrastructure. The MLC solidifies staging areas, and warehousing.
and improves common item, inter-Service, and l Designating, organizing, and establishing pro-
host nation support with providers. If required, cedures for washdown sites.
MLC assists amphibious MAGTFs. The MLC l Staging shipping containers, packaging, and
plans reconstitution and redeployment with an dunnage for redeployment.
emphasis on MPF regeneration operations. l Arranging customs, agricultural, and other pre-
To sustain the MAGTF, the MLC synchronizes redeployment inspections.
resupply based on MARFOR priorities and poli- l Maintaining the continuity of operations between
cies, joint stockage levels, and buildup rates. To MPF regeneration and other reconstitution.
prevent bottlenecks, the MLC uses its central
position to pull supplies into theater in time to There are two methods of conducting reconstitu-
deliver them to the MAGTF. The MLC uses tion—reorganization and regeneration. Reorgani-
demand input from the MAGTF CSSEs and the zation is action taken to shift internal resources
capabilities of the theater distribution system to within a degraded unit to increase its level of com-
focus on the most demanding logistic tasks facing bat effectiveness. Regeneration is action taken to
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
5-6 MCWP 4-12
reconstitute a unit through significant replacement dures for MPF force closure and regeneration
of personnel, equipment, and supplies in an operations. These procedures are published in
attempt to restore a unit to full operational capabil- Naval Warfare Publication (NWP) 22-10/Fleet
ity as rapidly as possible. Marine Force Manual 1-5, Maritime Preposition-
ing Force (MPF) Operations.
Reorganization
Arrival and Assembly
Normally completed at the unit level, reorganiza-
tion does not require extensive external support. Arrival and assembly operations occur in a permis-
Reorganization is normally limited to the replen- sive or uncertain environment and terminate when
ishment, repair, and potential redistribution of the MAGTF commander reports that the MPF
assets within a unit for a follow-on mission. MEB is combat ready. Operations occur in an
AAA. The AAA is an administrative area that
Regeneration includes airfields, port facilities, beaches, transpor-
Regeneration returns the force to pre-employment tation, and distribution networks. An establishing
levels of readiness. Normally, regeneration is accom- authority (e.g., CINC, JFC, Service component
plished by the MEF or MARFOR and involves aug- commander, or a subordinate naval commander)
mentation from the SE. Regeneration requires designates an AAA. The AAOG controls arrival
additional resources, coordination, and operational and assembly operations through a network of sub-
planning, to include movement and training plans to ordinate control organizations.
recover the unit’s combat effectiveness.
Arrival and Assembly Operations Group
When established, the MLC, augmented by the SE,
will be the executor of regeneration operations. Per The AAOG is a task-organized group from the
MARFOR direction, the MLC will manage the MPF MAGTF CE that coordinates and controls
inbound replacement equipment and combat arrival and assembly operations. It consists of
replacement companies. The MLC will provide personnel from all MAGTF elements plus liaison
storage for equipment and billeting for personnel. from the Navy support element. The AAOG’s
In addition, MLC will coordinate movement of per- subordinate elements are the landing force sup-
sonnel and equipment to major subordinate com- port party (LFSP), MCC, and AAOEs. The
mands based on MARFOR priorities. When an AAOG monitors the airflow of the fly-in echelon
MLC is not established, MARFOR will plan move- into the AAA; coordinates the throughput and
ment of replacement personnel and equipment from distribution of equipment and supplies from the
outside the theater directly to the major subordi- MPSs to the unit assembly areas; and provides
nate commands. initial C2 functions for the MAGTF in the AAA.
Port Operations Group. A task-organized group Arrival and Assembly Operations Element.
of Navy cargo-handling forces from the BSSG, Established by each element of the MAGTF and
the POG— Navy support element, the AAOE receives
MPE/S and distributes the equipment to units of
l Prepares the port before the arrival of the MPF. the MAGTF.
l Unloads ships.
l Controls the throughput of offloaded supplies Regeneration
and equipment.
Regeneration is the reconstitution method used to
restore the MPF to full operational capability as
Beach Operations Group. The BOG is a task-
rapidly as possible upon completion of the
organized group from the Navy support element
MAGTF’s employment mission. The combatant
and the BSSG. The BOG is responsible for prepar-
commander, in consultation with MARFOR,
ing the beach before the arrival of the MPSRON
determines the operational capability of the
and the throughput of supplies and equipment after
regenerated MPF. Regeneration occurs in the fol-
the ships are offloaded. lowing stages:
Arrival/Departure Airfield Control Group. l Actions in the AOR during MAGTF opera-
The A/DACG is responsible for controlling and tions.
coordinating the off-load and onload of airfield
l Actions in the AOR following the MAGTF
units and equipment and providing limited CSS
operations.
to those units. Task-organized around a nucleus
l MPF maintenance cycle at BIC.
provided by the landing support element of the
BSSG, A/DACG is structured and manned to
provide continuous operations support for multi- The regeneration of an MPF is most effectively
ple aircraft. accomplished at BIC in Florida. However, the
need to obtain operational capabilities quickly
Movement Control Center. The MCC is the can dictate that regeneration be initiated in the
agency that plans, routes, schedules, and controls theater of operations and later completed at BIC.
personnel and equipment movements over LOC. In Planning for regeneration is extensive, much of
MPF operations at ports, airfields, and/or beaches, which occurs at the strategic level. Figure 5-2
the MCC forms convoys containing MPE/S and depicts the organizations involved with planning
personnel and dispatches them to the AAOEs. and executing the regeneration of the MPF.
subordinate JFC and the Service components to l Serves as the liaison with the host nation(s) for
perform their own movement control. The com- transportation issues.
batant commander may establish a theater JMC l Disseminates information concerning host nation
and/or JTB. To ensure transportation system transportation systems, facilities, equipment, and
requirements are fully integrated, the combatant personnel.
commander may assign responsibility to a single
joint office, the JMC.
Joint Transportation Board
Joint Movement Center The JTB is an ad hoc board that makes prioritized
The JMC is responsible for coordinating the recommendations to the commander. The geo-
employment of transportation to support the theater graphic combatant commander may establish a
concept of operations. The JMC establishes theater theater JTB to review and deconflict policies, pri-
transportation policies relative to need, port and ter- orities, and transportation apportionment beyond
minal capabilities, transportation asset availability, the authority of the JMC.
and the JFC’s priorities. The JMC can be the single
The JTB is generally comprised of the senior logis-
coordinator of strategic movements with
ticians from the participating Services as voting
USTRANSCOM. Figure 5-3 depicts a notional
JMC organization. To coordinate transportation members and other subject matter experts as needed
employment and policies, the JMC— in advisory roles. The JTB consists of representa-
tives from the Service components, movement con-
l Interfaces with JOPES to monitor and regulate trol agencies, and combatant command J-3
the deployment of forces and supplies. (operations), J-4 (logistics), and J-5 (plans). Nor-
l Analyzes user capabilities to ship, receive, han- mally, the J-4 chairs the JTB, which requests addi-
dle cargo, and recommend solutions to short- tional transportation assets from the Joint Chiefs of
falls. Staff (JCS) when intratheater assets do not support
l Advises the J-4 on transportation matters that the combatant commander’s concept of operation.
would adversely affect combat contingency When there is no theater JTB, the JMC is the pri-
operations. mary advisor to the JFC.
are applicable for coordinating and controlling activities. This agency coordinates and schedules
intratheater lift. Figure 5-4 depicts theater move- the MAGTF’s strategic lift requirements through
ment control focused on the MARFOR. The the movement control group.
movement control group, FMCC, logistic move-
ment control center (LMCC), and unit movement Logistic Movement Control Center
control center (UMCC) perform movement con-
The LMCC is operated by the FSSG/CSSE. It
trol and coordination functions.
reports to the FMCC and coordinates the execu-
tion of movement based on FMCC priorities. The
Movement Control Group LMCC provides transportation, transportation
This is the MARFOR commander’s optional scheduling, MHE, and other support to units
agency to coordinate intertheater and intratheater before they move. It coordinates transportation
lift. Normally, the MLC establishes the movement and MHE requirements with tactical units, other
control group, which coordinates with Services, and/or the host nation.
USTRANSCOM through the JMC for strategic lift
and with the JMC for theater movement control. Unit Movement Control Center
The major subordinate commands of the MAGTF
Force Movement Control Center establish UMCCs, which are the unit nodes in the
The FMCC is the MAGTF commander’s agency movement control system. UMCCs control the
to control and coordinate deployment support transportation and communications assets needed
MARFOR surgeon serves as liaison to the JFS. deploys hospital ships and fleet hospitals for lev-
Appendix A provides a notional division of labor els III and IV. The MPF program includes a fleet
for HSS. The MARFOR, in coordination with its hospital in each MPS, which provides the MAR-
major subordinate commands, will establish the FOR a level III MTF. The Army and Air Force
division of labor for the actual contingency or also deploy level III and IV capabilities to the
operation. Theater HSS includes the joint theater theater of operations. Figure 5-6 illustrates the-
HSS system, JFS, health service logistic support, ater medical capabilities.
theater blood management, intratheater patient
movement, and multinational HSS. Joint Force Surgeon
The combatant commander designates a JFS to
Joint Theater Heath Service Support System
be responsible for preparing and coordinating
In a theater of war, health care is provided by HSS within a joint force. The JFS section should
level. Each level reflects an increase in medical be staffed by members representing all Services
capability while retaining the capabilities found in and be of sufficient size to effectively perform
the preceding level. Within most theaters of oper- the following tasks:
ations, there are four levels of care. See figure 5-5.
l Joint coordination of HSS initiatives.
The MAGTF can provide care at levels I and II l Regionalization.
but receives external support for levels II through l Standardization and interoperability.
IV from the Navy and the other Services. To sup-
l Development of the HSS plan.
port the Marines, the Navy designates amphibi-
ous shipping as casualty receiving and treatment l Review of subordinate plans and operations.
ships (CRTS) for level II and III support and l Medical resupply.
with the AECC and with the Service compo- United States might take a lead nation role in the
nents responsible for executing the transporta- following areas:
tion mission. The TPMRC should be collocated
with and/or have direct access to theater move- l Class VIII medical support.
ment control agencies. l Veterinary services.
l Medical laboratory services.
Aeromedical Evacuation Coordination Cen-
ter. The AECC is a coordination center, within l Optical fabrication.
the joint AOC’s airlift coordination cell, that l Medical equipment.
monitors AE-related activities. It manages the l Casualty evacuation (air/ground).
medical aspects of the AE mission and serves as
the net control station for AE communications. In The MNFC may designate a theater surgeon with
addition, AECC coordinates medical require- duties similar to the JFS and establish a MEDCC
ments with airlift capability, assigns medical mis- to coordinate multinational, joint, and multifunc-
sions to the appropriate AE elements, and tional medical issues. The MEDCC is under the
monitors patient movement activities. cognizance of the theater surgeon and staffed
with skilled HSS practitioners representing the
Joint Patient Movement Requirements Center. nations involved in the operation. It determines
The JPMRC performs integrated patient move- opportunities to rationalize HSS in terms of facil-
ment tasks for units assigned to a JTF or within ities, individual medical disciplines, and trans-
the task forces’ AOR. The JPMRC should be col- port. The MEDCC can be established as part of
located with and/or have direct access with the- an expanded medical staff under the theater sur-
ater movement control agencies. geon or as a module within the MJLC.
Global Patient Movement Requirements Cen-
ter. The TPMRC and JPMRC coordinate require-
ments to move patients outside of theater with the Small Scale and Short Duration Operations
GPMRC. The GPMRC is a joint activity report-
ing directly to USCINCTRANS and is the single A JTF or MNF may conduct small-scale and
manager for the strategic and CONUS regulation short duration operations. The participating
and movement of uniformed Service patients. MAGTF is usually a MEU or a SPMAGTF, but
sometimes a larger MAGTF may be involved.
Multinational Health Service Support Because of the short duration of the operation,
MAGTFs integrate external operational logistic
Nations are ultimately responsible for providing
support systems or obtain support directly from
HSS to their forces; however, because of the high
the appropriate MARFOR CONUS units via
standard of U.S. military HSS, pressure may exist
Navy/Marine Corps communications networks.
to designate U.S. Forces as the lead nation for
HSS in a multinational operation. When partici- As an expeditionary force capable of forcible
pating in a multinational operation, joint and Ser- entry, MAGTFs are often the first to enter a the-
vice component medical and logistic personnel ater of operations. In a mature theater, joint sup-
should be aware of differences in national medi- port agencies, cross-Service arrangements, and
cal standards, customs, and training requirements. host nations support agreements exist. A MAGTF
The exchange of blood and blood products may coordinate with the U.S. military element
between nations is an area of deep concern. The belonging to the country team at the embassy.
5-18 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ MCWP 4-12
This element is known by different names who plan and conduct refugee operations should
depending upon the country; for example, Joint be aware of the following:
United States Military Advisory Group and
Office of Military Cooperation. Another alterna- l The MAGTF must resupply early because
tive could be support from the Navy distribution accompanying supplies may be used to support
system of ALSS and FLS. In most cases, exist- JTF/MNF and/or refugee operations.
ing support will be austere. l Long and limited LOC between the COMMZ and
the area of refugee operation can be expected.
l External intratheater lift will be required to
Military Operations Other Than War resupply the MAGTF, supply the refugee popu-
lation, and move refugees to different locations.
l Emphasis will be on distributing food (pro-
Operational-level logistic organizations in the
vided by NGOs), water, fuel, and medical sup-
MARFOR may be required to support humanitar-
plies and on providing medical, engineering,
ian operations, peacekeeping operations (PKO), mobile electric power, and water purification
and domestic support operations (DSO). services.
Emphasis will be on common items support
Humanitarian Operations l
shares responsibilities with the JCS. Combatant which facilitates the MARFOR coordination of
commands have the following geographic or func- operational logistic functions.
tional responsibilities as DOD’s principal DSO
planning agents and supported commanders. Table Considerations
5-3 lists the combatant commander responsible for
When planning and conducting DSO, operational
each domestic region.
logisticians should be aware of the following:
Table 5-3. Combatant Command l Force closure and redeployment will normally
DSO Responsibilities. be accomplished through movement control pro-
cedures.
Unified l Force protection is a major concern for com-
Command Responsibility
bating terrorism, counterdrug operations,
The 48 contiguous states, the District of MACDIS, and essential asset security opera-
USJFCOM Columbia, and U.S. territorial waters. tions. In other operations, protective measures
Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, and U.S. territorial should be taken to prevent looting and other
USSOUTHCOM waters in the Gulf of Mexico. forms of petty criminal activity by the local
Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, the Commonwealth of the populace.
Northern Mariana Islands, and U.S. administrative
USPACOM entities and territorial waters. l Sustainment activities may be located near to
but outside of the MSCA area, due to transpor-
Single source for transportation to supported tation bottlenecks and a lack of resources in the
USTRANSCOM combatant commands.
disaster area.
Combating terrorism incidents involving weapons of
USSOCOM mass destruction. l A supporting structure of U.S. military, federal
agency, and state and local governmental facili-
ties are usually close to most DSO areas.
For DSO, the geographic combatant command-
l Marine Corps contractors are familiar with pro-
ers normally establish a JTF by designating an
curing goods and services, which are plentiful
existing command, such as an Army corps, Navy
in the U.S. economy.
fleet, numbered Air Force or MEF. As with all
joint forces, a MARFOR will be assigned to pro- l For MSCA operations, emphasis will be on dis-
vide logistics and administrative support to tributing food, water, fuel, and medical supplies
MAGTFs serving in a JTF. A SPMAGTF or and providing medical, engineering, mobile
MEB are the types of MAGTFs most likely to electric power, and water purification support.
deploy in support of DSO. Joint doctrine for l The MARFOR may require civil affairs and
expeditionary operations applies to DSO. Each legal service augmentation and centralization.
DSO is situation dependent. Unlike expedition- l U.S. law and law enforcement agency proce-
ary operations, DSO occurs in the United States, dures will tightly regulate MCLEA support.
CHAPTER 6. STRATEGIC SUPPORT
A central strategic concept in the national mili- Command (AMC), the Army’s MTMC, and the
tary strategy of the United States is power projec- Navy’s MSC. The USCINCTRANS commands
tion. Power projection includes the ability of the these components, and the components orga-
Armed Forces of the United States to deploy nize, train, and equip their forces.
expeditionary forces to any region in the world
and sustain them for missions spanning the oper- USCINCTRANS serves as the DOD single world-
ational continuum. U.S. requirements for mili- wide manager for common-user ports of embarka-
tary force projection include emphasis on rapid tion and debarkation. As supported commanders,
deployment of combat power and military opera- combatant commanders determine movement
tions designed to end conflicts as quickly as pos- requirements and required delivery dates, while
sible on terms that are favorable to the United USTRANSCOM and TCCs provide a complete
States and its allies. movement system from origin to initial theater
destination. This movement system includes the
Crisis response requires the full spectrum of mili- use of military and commercial assets.
tary capabilities, including forcible entry. While
the Services include units capable of expedition- USCINCTRANS has the authority to procure com-
ary operations, MARFOR are specifically orga- mercial transportation services through component
nized, equipped, and trained for expeditionary commands and to activate, with approval of the
service. The expeditionary MAGTF is capable of SECDEF, the civil reserve air fleet (CRAF), Ready
rapid response as part of a naval amphibious Reserve Force (RRF), Sealift Readiness Program,
force, MPF, or air contingency force. The and the Voluntary Intermodal Sealift Agreement.
MAGTF moves to crisis areas via the strategic The component commands of USTRANSCOM
mobility triad: sealift, pre-positioning, and airlift. operate the DTS. The specific operations of the
The DOD single manager of the DTS is the DTS are covered in JP 4-01, Joint Doctrine for the
USTRANSCOM. Defense Transportation System.
USCINCTRANS, through the TCCs (i.e.,
MTMC, AMC, and MSC), provides strategic air,
Support Organizations land, and sea transportation and terminal ser-
vices to deploy and sustain military forces to
Strategic support organizations include the meet national security objectives. The TCCs
USTRANSCOM, Department of Transportation, orchestrate a portion of the nation’s transporta-
and DLA. tion infrastructure that supports DOD common-
user transportation needs.
United States Transportation Command
Military Traffic Management Command
The USCINCTRANS provides air, land, and sea
transportation and common-user port manage- A major Army command, MTMC manages
ment at APODs/SPODs as well as aerial ports of CONUS surface transportation and provides com-
embarkation (APOEs)/seaports of embarkation mon-use ocean terminal services and traffic man-
(SPOEs) for the DOD across the range of mili- agement services to deploy, sustain, and redeploy
tary operations. USTRANSCOM is a unified U.S. Forces globally. MTMC conducts transporta-
command with transportation component com- tion engineering to ensure deployability and feasi-
mands (TCCs) from the Air Force’s Air Mobility bility of present and future deployment assets. In
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
6-2 MCWP 4-12
addition, MTMC is the seaport manager under the with a fleet of Government-owned and chartered
single-port manager concept for common-user U.S. flagships that include the following:
SPOEs and/or SPODs.
l Fast sealift ships—Eight fast sealift ships
To expeditiously transport troops and materiel to together can carry the equipment for one Army
ports of embarkation, railroads, highways, water- mechanized or armored division; one of these
ways, and a fleet of railcars, buses, trucks, and ships can transport the equivalent of more than
barges are vital components of the overland lift 130 C-5 loads of cargo.
system. MTMC provides the interface between
l Afloat pre-positioning force—This force includes
DOD shippers and the commercial carrier indus-
MPS, pre-positioning ships, and the brigade afloat
try. In the United States and overseas, MTMC
force.
coordinates force movement to seaports, pre-
pares the ports for ships and cargo, and super- m MPS—These 15 ships are divided into three
vises the loading operations. MTMC manages squadrons. Each squadron is within 5-days
freight movement in CONUS on surface and air sailing of potential contingency sites and can
carriers. MTMC operates the defense freight rail- support a MEB of 17,600 personnel for 30
way interchange fleet of more than 1,000 special days.
use railcars. The command also administers the
m Pre-positioning ships—These seven ships
DOD highways and railroads for national defense
serve military departments, DLA, and the
programs. MTMC monitors the status of the
Defense Fuel Supply Center. Pre-positioning
infrastructure system, including ports, inland
ships are loaded with military equipment and
waterways, pipelines, and air facilities.
materiel for the Services.
Air Mobility Command m Brigade afloat force—Consisting of 14 ships
located in Diego Garcia and the Western Pa-
A major Air Force command, AMC provides com-
cific, the brigade afloat force is loaded with
mon-user airlift, air refueling, and strategic AE
an Army heavy brigade that is deployable to
transportation services to deploy, sustain, and rede-
potential contingency sites in the Middle or
ploy U.S. Forces globally. In addition, AMC is the
Far East within 12 days. Basically floating
single aerial port manager and, where designated,
warehouses, these ships can support 10,000
operator of common-user APOEs and/or APODs.
Army personnel for 15 days.
Airlift has the advantage of speed over other l Ready Reserve Force—The RRF is a force of
modes of transport. AMC’s aircraft fleet is com- ships maintained in a reduced operating status
posed primarily of airlift aircraft. Another addi- or a layup status by the Maritime Administra-
tive force available for long-range airlift in times tion for use by DOD in a war or contingency.
of national emergency is the CRAF. The CRAF RRF ships carry combat surge and follow-on
is composed of commercial aircraft committed to cargo. When activated, these ships come under
support the transportation of military forces and OPCON of MSC. RRF ships are crewed by
materiel worldwide.
civilian mariners employed by a Maritime
Administration contractor. The MSC-con-
Military Sealift Command trolled fleet of tankers and dry cargo vessels
A major Navy command, MSC provides com- chartered from the private sector of the U.S.
mon-user and exclusive-use sealift transportation flag shipping industry provide sealift services
services to deploy, sustain, and redeploy U.S. in areas of the world not normally served by
Forces globally. MSC provides lift from the sea regularly scheduled U.S. flag service.
____________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics 6-3
The transportation infrastructure consists of com- l Defense Logistics Information Service manages
mon-user military and commercial assets, services, the Federal Supply Catalog System, which lists
and systems organic to, contracted for, or con- national stock numbers and descriptions of over
trolled by DOD and are commonly referred to as 6 million items.
the DTS. Combining the capabilities of common- l Defense National Stockpile Center maintains
user transportation assets into an integrated net- the defense national stockpile of strategic and
work optimizes the use of available transportation critical materials to reduce the nation’s depen-
capabilities, provides greater visibility over opera- dence upon foreign sources of supply in times
tions, and eases the transition from peace to war. of national emergency. The center is authorized
to procure and dispose of materials as needed.
Defense Logistics Agency l Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service
DLA is a strategic and operational-level logistic provides for the redistribution and disposal of
agency of the DOD. DLA provides worldwide DOD equipment and supplies no longer needed
logistic support to the military departments and by the original user. Assets are matched against
the combatant commands across the range of mil- requirements of the Services and Federal agen-
itary operations, as well as to other DOD compo- cies and transferred as needed.
nents, federal agencies, foreign governments, or l Document Automated and Production Service
international organizations. DLA provides mate- is a DLA field command responsible for docu-
riel and supplies to the Services and supports ment automation and printing within DOD.
their acquisition of weapons and other equip- l Deployed contingency support team (DCST) is
ment. The DLA facilities range from supply cen- deployed by DLA to conduct in-theater opera-
ters and depots employing several thousand tions to support the CINC or JTF staff. DLA
personnel to in-plant residencies and property may assign a DCST LNO to the MARFOR. The
disposal offices of fewer than ten people. DCST is DLA’s in-theater single point of con-
tact to a JFC. Upon request, the DLA deploys an
Supply and Distribution initial response team to determine precise DLA
DLA buys and manages a vast number and variety support requirements, then adds functional
of items used by Services and civilian agencies. teams to establish a theater-specific DCST. The
Commodities include fuel, food, clothing, and DCST serves as the point of contact for numer-
medical supplies. In addition, DLA buys and dis- ous items (e.g., fuels support, supply manage-
tributes hardware and electronic items used in the ment, reutilization and marketing, contingency
maintenance and repair of military equipment. contract administration, disaster relief distribu-
DLA supply centers consolidate the Services’ tion operations management, and disaster relief
requirements and procure the supplies in sufficient mobilization center operations).
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
6-4 MCWP 4-12
l Moving SMCR units into theater and returning and Service procedures will be used to imple-
SMCR equipment at demobilization. ment integrated mobilization and deployment
l Consolidating MARFOR requirements. support agencies’ efforts. Detailed supporting
l Prioritizing assets within specified theaters. plans must be developed by bases/stations during
the deliberate planning process and coordinated
l Coordinating the mobilization, training, deploy-
with the MARFOR commander. These detailed
ment, and sustainment of deployed forces and
plans will ensure that materiel is prepared for
the SE.
mobilization, facilities are expanded as neces-
l Maintaining the expeditionary logistic nature sary, and services are available to support train-
of MAGTFs. ing and subsequent deployment.
l Ensuring that the logistic processes do not
hamper deployment of MAGTFs and initial War Reserve Materiel
reinforcement by the Reserve Component.
The WRM requirement is the total requirement
Commanders determine the priority and oversee of supplies and equipment to train, equip, field,
the requisition and application of material to force and sustain forces in combat based on the
requirements from all sources. Commander, requirements of the MEFs, to include assigned
MCLBs, and Commander, MARCORSYSCOM, SMCR units. The WRM system ensures that
provide designated ground materiel to forces and materiel assets are available to the operating
stations. The materiel to support aviation flying forces to support combat operations until the
units or installations is provided by designated DOD materiel distribution system is able to pro-
Navy systems commands through fleet type com- vide support on a sustained basis. In addition, the
manders as directed, coordinated, and overseen by WRM system is designed to identify the procure-
commanders for its air forces and/or CMC for ment, storage, and preservation of additional
Marine Corps installations. materiel requirements used to satisfy increased
consumption rates experienced in a combat envi-
The component commander will plan and coordi- ronment. See MCO P4400.39G, War Reserve
nate the transportation interface into JOPES. Joint Materiel (WRM) Policy Manual.
APPENDIX A. NOTIONAL DIVISIONS OF LABOR
The functional responsibilities for operational-level tance factors. The MARFOR, in coordination with
logistics and CSS between the MARFOR, MLC, its major subordinate commands, will establish the
and MEF/FSSG are described in the notional divi- division of labor for the actual contingency or oper-
sion of labor tables on the following pages. The ation. This division of labor could incorporate Ser-
task organization and C2 measures necessary for vice components and supporting activities such as,
MARFOR success depend on the quantity and vari- DLA, MARCORMATCOM, Army TSC, and other
ety of tasks, logistic requirements, and time dis- joint theater support agencies.
Table A-1. Division of Labor for Supply.
Class I Sets DIRLAUTH parameters between MLC, supporting Maintains MARFOR theater stocks per OPLAN. Provides GS to MEF.
Subsistence activities, and supported units. (DLA may bypass MLC and throughput Class I Passes back orders to MLC or
Monitors component-level issues/trends. to point of consumption defined as the FSSG.) direct to DLA based on OPLAN.
Class III (B) Coordinates initial requirements through wartime HNS Coordinates POL support with JPO/SAPO. Provides GS to MEF.
Bulk POL submission and common item support. Provides DS to FSSG.
Provides a representative to SAPO and monitors
component-level issues/trends.
Sets DIRLAUTH parameters between MLC, supporting
activities, and supported units.
Class V(W) Ground Monitors stockage objectives. Provides DS to the FSSG. Provides GS to MEF.
Ammunition Coordinates inter-Service transfers with other Coordinates with DLA and executive agent for
components to fill shortfalls. Marine Corps requirements.
Monitors, coordinates, and executes theater-level
common item support through major subordinate
commands.
Class V (A) Consolidates requirements. Receives and distributes to ammunition Stores and issues to Marine
Aviation Sets DIRLAUTH parameters between MLC, supporting distribution points and ammunition transfer aviation logistics squadrons.
Ammunition activities, and supported units. points (likely a coordinator and expediter to
avoid double handling).
Monitors component-level issues/trends.
Class VIII Sets DIRLAUTH parameters between MLC and SIMLM. Provides DS to FSSG. Provides GS to MEF.
Provides blood usage estimates to JBPO based on Coordinates requirements with the SIMLM. (DLA Passes back orders to MLC or
intelligence data. may bypass MLC and control Class VIII to point direct to DLA based on OPLAN.
Monitors trends and cross-leveling. of consumption defined as the FSSG.)
Class IX Sets DIRLAUTH parameters between MLC, supporting Overhauls end items and secondary reparables, Conducts 1st through 3d
Reparables activities, and supported units. evacuates or requests disposition. echelon repair.
Coordinates MSC common item support requirements Coordinates overall availability with Evacuates to MLC if beyond
and submits to appropriate theater agency. MARCORMATCOM. capability.
Monitors Service component-level issues/trends.
Contracting Passes contracting requirements to MLC. Serves as lead contracting agent for MARFOR. Submits requirements to MLC.
Provides LNO to CLPSB. Provides representatives to CLPSB, if directed Serves as lead contracting
by MARFO. agent for MARFOR, if MLC is
not established.
Conducts micro purchases within
limits of government credit cards.
Salvage/ Monitors operations. Evacuates from force combat service support Operates MEF collection point at
Disposal area (FCSSA) to joint collection point. FCSSA.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
A-2 MCWP 4-12
Modifications Monitors MSC output reports for trends and Conducts urgent 4th echelon modifications. Conducts urgent 2d/3d echelon modifications.
readiness indicators.
Rebuild and Monitors MSC output reports for trends and Provides component rebuild and limited 5th Provides critical component rebuild until MLC
Overhaul readiness indicators. echelon depot maintenance when capability is established.
is provided in-theater by MARCORMATCOM.
Reclamation Arranges depot support beyond MARFOR Retrogrades and processes to depot. Establishes MEF collection area in FCSSA.
capability.
Recovery and Coordinates support external to the MARFOR. Evacuates from FCSSA. Provides maintenance support teams and
Evacuation recovery of MEF equipment to collection area
in FCSSA.
Inspection and Monitors MSC output reports for trends and Conducts limited technical inspections for Conducts limited technical inspections for
Classification readiness indicators. follow-on MPF and MEF equipment. initial MPF equipment until MLC is
Provides overflow support to FSSG. established.
Conducts limited technical inspection of
equipment and identifies level of repair.
Testing Monitors MSC output reports for trends and Repairs test, measurement and diagnostic Tests, as appropriate, for organizational and
readiness indicators. equipment and conducts 4th echelon testing. DS 3d echelon maintenance.
Calibration Monitors MSC output reports for trends and Assumes primary responsibility. Calibrates multimeter and torque meter.
readiness indicators.
Motor Transport/ Movement Coordinates movement requirements Provides GS to the MARFOR. Provides GS to the MEF.
Control that exceed MARFOR capabilities with Distributes bulk liquids to the FSSG. Provides DS to selected GCE and
theater MCC. ACE units.
Provides cross-boundary coordination for
Provides a representative to the JTB and MEF movements outside the MEF AO. Distributes bulk liquids within the MEF.
JMC.
Operates the LMCC for movements in
Provides guidance to the Marine MCC. MEF AO.
Freight/Passenger Monitors operations and resolves issues Assumes primary responsibility. Serves as alternate.
Transportation with theater agencies/services, as
required.
MHE Prioritizes distribution of MHE assets. Provides for assigned ports, airfields, and Provides GS to the MEF.
beaches.
Landing Support Monitors operations. Assumes primary responsibility, once Provides initial AACG/ DACG and beach
established in theater, for the following: support until MLC is established.
l AACG/DACG. Provides helicopter support team support
l Beach Support. to MEF.
____________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics A-3
Bulk Liquids Storage Provides a representative to SAPO, and monitors Receives and stores bulk liquids from joint Operates MEF forward storage facilities.
component-level issues/trends. theater agencies.
Receives and stores bulk liquids from
MPF and commercial follow-on shipping.
Bridging Resources external bridging assets for MARFOR Provides engineers to support FSSG. Controls bridging capability for support
major subordinate commands, as required. to MEF.
Demolition and Obstacle Resources engineering assets for major Provides mobility, countermobility, and Conducts mobility, countermobility, and
Removal subordinate commands. survivability operations for assigned ports, survivability operations in support of
airfields, and beaches. the MEF.
Engineer Reconnaissance Monitors component-level issues/trends. Focuses on ports, airfield, and inland Focuses on roads, bridges, and tunnels in
waterways to be used in support of the support of the MEF.
MARFOR.
Explosive Ordnance Follows specific OPLAN/OPORD. Follows specific OPLAN/OPORD. Follows specific OPLAN/OPORD.
Disposal
Casualty Collection Monitors operations. Provides mass casualty overflow support Assumes primary responsibility.
to the MEF.
Casualty Treatment Provides operational plans and casualty Provides support level III, fleet hospital, if Provides level I and II support to the MEF.
estimates. assigned, to the MARFOR during MPF
Consolidates medical situation reports. operations.
Provides data to MLC.
Temporary Casualty Holding Monitors operations. Provides mass casualty overflow support Assumes primary responsibility.
to the MEF.
Casualty Evacuation and Tracks status of level II or higher MARFOR Provides medical regulating for the Evacuates casualties to MEF level II facility
Medical Regulating patients. MARFOR. or CRTS.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
A-4 MCWP 4-12
Disbursing Support Monitors operations. Operates combined MARFOR disbursing office Operates satellite disbursing offices and Marine pay
at MLC. teams.
Mortuary Affairs Designates service component mortuary Processes evacuees to theater agent per Evacuates to MLC mortuary affairs collection point.
affairs officer. JMAO procedures.
Provides LNO to JMAO. Coordinates throughput of remains to theater
mortuary evacuation point.
Legal Support Coordinates and directs forces. Operates the consolidated claims office. Provides legal services to the MEF.
Resolves theater-level issues.
Researches claims procedures.
Exchange Services Resolves theater-level issues. Assumes primary responsibility. Serves as alternate.
Coordinates with Army and Air Force Exchange Provides mobile tactical field exchange service.
Service for common support, as appropriate.
APPENDIX B. GLOSSARY
SECTION I. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
AAA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .arrival and assembly area CEE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . captured enemy equipment;
AACG . . . . . . . . . . . arrival airfield control group combat essential equipment
AAOE . . arrival and assembly operations element CINC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . commander in chief
AAOG . . . arrival and assembly operations group CIS . . .communications and information systems
ABFC . . . . advanced base functional component CJCS . . . . . Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
ACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . aviation combat element CJCSM . . . . . . . . . . Chairman of the Joint Chiefs
ACM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . air contingency MAGTF of Staff Manual
AC/S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .assistant chief of staff CLF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . combat logistics force
ACSA . . . . . acquisition cross-Service agreement CLPSB . . . . . . . . . . . CINC logistic procurement
A/DACG . . . . . . . . . . . . arrival/departure airfield support board
control group CMC . . . . . . . .Commandant of the Marine Corps
ADCON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . administrative control CNO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chief of Naval Operations
AE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . aeromedical evacuation COA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . course of action
AECC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . aeromedical evacuation COCOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . combatant command
coordination center (command authority)
AFCSS . Air Force contingency supply squadron COE . . . . . . . . . common operating environment
AIT . . . . . . . automated identification technology COMAFFOR . . . . .commander, Air Force forces
ALSS. . . . . . . . . . . advanced logistic support site COMARFOR . . . . . . . .commander, Army forces
AMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air Mobility Command COMMARFOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . commander,
AO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .area of operations Marine Corps forces
AOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .air operations center COMMARFOREUR . . . . . . . . . . . .Commander,
AOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . area of responsibility Marine Corps Forces, Europe
APOD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . aerial port of debarkation COMMARFORLANT . . . . . . . . . . .Commander,
APOE . . . . . . . . . . . . . aerial port of embarkation Marine Corps Forces, Atlantic
ARFOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Army forces COMMARFORPAC. . . . . . . . . . . . .Commander,
ASBPO . . Armed Services Blood Program Office Marine Corps Forces, Pacific
ASCC . . . . Army Service Component Command COMMARFORRES . . . . . . . . . . . . .Commander,
ASG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . area support group Marine Corps Forces Reserve
AT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .antiterrorism COMMZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .communications zone
ATLASS . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset Tracking Logistics CONUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . continental United States
and Supply System COP. . . . . . . . . . . . . common operational picture
COSCOM . . . . . . . . . . . . corps support command
BIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Blount Island Command CRAF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .civil reserve air fleet
bn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . battalion CRTS . . . . casualty receiving and treatment ship
BOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . beach operations group CSB. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . corps support battalion
BSSG . . . . . . . . . . brigade service support group CSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .client server environment
CSG. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . corps support group
C2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .command and control CSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . combat service support
C4 . . . . . . . . command, control, communications, CSSA . . . . . . . . . . . .combat service support area
and computers CSSD . . . . . . combat service support detachment
CAPS II. . . . . Consolidated Aerial Port System II CSSE. . . . . . . . . .combat service support element
CAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . crisis action team CSSG . . . . . . . . . . combat service support group
CCIR . . . . . . . . commander's critical information CUL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . common-user logistics
requirements
CE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . command element DACG . . . . . . . . . departure airfield control group
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
B-2 MCWP 4-12
DAL . . . . . . . . . . directive authority for logistics GCSS . . . . . . . . .Global Combat Support System
DCST . . . . . .deployed contingency support team GIRH. . . . . . . Generic Intelligence Requirements
DESC . . . . . . . . . . defense energy support center Handbook
det . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . detachment GPMRC . . . . . . . . . . . Global Patient Movement
DIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . Defense Intelligence Agency Requirements Center
DII . . . . . . . . . .defense information infrastructure GS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .general support
DIRLAUTH . . . . . . . . . . direct liaison authorized GSG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . general support group
DIRMOBFOR. . . . . . . director of mobility forces GTN . . . . . . . . . . Global Transportation Network
DLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Defense Logistics Agency
DMC . . . . . . . . . .distribution management center HHQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . higher headquarters
DOD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department of Defense HNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .host-nation support
DOMS . . . . . . . . . . . . director of military support HQMC . . . . . . . . . . Headquarters, Marine Corps
DRB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . division ready brigade H&S Bn. . . . . . headquarters and service battalion
DS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . direct support HSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . health service support
DSO . . . . . . . . . . . . domestic support operations HSV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . high-speed surface vehicle
DTS . . . . . . . . . . . Defense Transportation System
I&L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . installations and logistics
EAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . echelons above corps IPB . . .intelligence preparation of the battlespace
EMW. . . . . . . . . expeditionary maneuver warfare IR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .intelligence requirement
EPW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . enemy prisoner of war ITV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in-transit visibility
ESB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . engineer support battalion
J-3 . . . . . . . . operations directorate of a joint staff
FALD . . . . . . . . . . . . . field and logistics division J-4 . . . . . . . . . .logistics directorate of a joint staff
(United Nations) J-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . plans directorate of a joint staff
FBI . . . . . . . . . . .Federal Bureau of Investigation JBPO . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joint Blood Program Office
FCSSA . . . . . . force combat service support area JCMEB . . . joint civil-military engineering board
FDP&E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . force deployment JCS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joint Chiefs of Staff
planning and execution JDST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint decision support tool
FEMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal Emergency JFC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint force commander
Management Agency JFS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint force surgeon
FLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . forward logistic site JFUB . . . . . . . . . Joint Facilities Utilization Board
FM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . field manual (Army) JIDC . . . joint interrogation and debriefing center
FMCC . . . . . . . . . force movement control center JLOTS. . . . . . . . . . . joint logistics over-the-shore
FSB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .forward support battalion JMAO . . . . . . . . . . . . joint mortuary affairs office
FSSG . . . . . . . . . . . . . force service support group JMC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint movement center
JOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint operations area
G-1 . . . . . . . . Army or Marine Corps component JOPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joint Operation Planning
manpower or personnel staff and Execution System
officer/organization JP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint publication
G-2 . . . . . . . . Army or Marine Corps component JPMRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint patient movement
intelligence staff officer/organization requirements center
G-3 . . . . . . . . Army or Marine Corps component JPO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joint Petroleum Office
operations staff officer/organization JRSOI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint reception, staging,
G-4 . . . . . . . . Army or Marine Corps component onward movement, and integration
logistics staff officer/organization JTAV. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint total asset visibility
G-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . plans officer/organization JTB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joint Transportation Board
G-6 . . . . . . . . . communications and information JTF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint task force
systems officer
GCCS . . . Global Command and Control System LFSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . landing force support party
GCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ground combat element LMCC . . . . . . . .logistic movement control center
____________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics B-3
advanced base—A base located in or near a the- campaign—A series of related military operations
ater of operations whose primary mission is to aimed at accomplishing a strategic or operational
support military operations. (JP 1-02) objective within a given time and space. (JP 1-02)
allocation—In a general sense, distribution of campaign plan—A plan for a series of related
limited resources among competing require- military operations aimed at accomplishing a
ments for employment. Specific allocations (e.g., strategic or operational objective within a given
air sorties, nuclear weapons, forces, and transpor- time and space. (JP 1-02)
tation) are described as allocation of air sorties,
nuclear weapons, etc. (JP-1-02) campaign planning—The process whereby com-
batant commanders and subordinate joint force
apportionment—In the general sense, distribu- commanders translate national or theater strategy
tion for planning of limited resources among into operational concepts through the develop-
competing requirements. Specific apportion- ment of campaign plans. Campaign planning may
ments (e.g., air sorties and forces for planning) begin during deliberate planning when the actual
are described as apportionment of air sorties and threat, national guidance, and available resources
forces for planning, etc. (JP-1-02) become evident, but is normally not completed
until after the National Command Authorities
area of responsibility—The geographical area select the course of action during crisis action
associated with a combatant command within planning. Campaign planning is conducted when
which a combatant commander has authority to contemplated military operations exceed the
plan and conduct operations. (JP 1-02) scope of a single major joint operation. (JP 1-02)
assign—1. To place units or personnel in an centers of gravity—Those characteristics, capa-
organization where such placement is relatively bilities, or localities from which a military force
permanent, and/or where such organization con- derives its freedom of action, physical strength,
trols and administers the units or personnel for or will to fight. (JP 1-02)
the primary function, or greater portion of the
functions, of the unit or personnel. 2. To detail combatant command—A unified or specified
individuals to specific duties or functions where command with a broad continuing mission under
such duties or functions are primary and/ or rela- a single commander established and so desig-
tively permanent. (JP-1-02) nated by the President, through the Secretary of
Defense and with the advice and assistance of the
base—1. A locality from which operations are Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Combatant
projected or supported. 2. An area or locality con- commands typically have geographic or func-
taining installations which provide logistic or tional responsibilities. (JP 1-02)
other support. 3. Home airfield or home carrier.
(JP 1-02) combatant command (command authority)—
Nontransferable command authority established
branch(es)—A contingency plan or course of by title 10 ("Armed Forces"), United States Code,
action (an option built into the basic plan or section 164, exercised only by commanders of
course of action) for changing the mission, dispo- unified or specified combatant commands unless
sition, orientation, or direction of movement of otherwise directed by the President or the Secre-
the force to aid success of the operation based on tary of Defense. Combatant command (com-
anticipated events, opportunities, or disruptions mand authority) cannot be delegated and is the
caused by enemy actions. (MCRP 5-12C) authority of a combatant commander to perform
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
B-6 MCWP 4-12
those functions of command over assigned forces not required from the Service receiving sup-
involving organizing and employing commands port. (JP 1-02)
and forces, assigning tasks, designating objec-
tives, and giving authoritative direction over all common use—Services, materials, or facilities
aspects of military operations, joint training, and provided by a Department of Defense agency or a
logistics necessary to accomplish the missions Military Department on a common basis for two
assigned to the command. Combatant command or more Department of Defense agencies. (based
(command authority) should be exercised through on JP 1-02)
the commanders of subordinate organizations. common-user logistics—Materiel, items, or ser-
Normally this authority is exercised through sub- vice support shared with or provided by two or
ordinate joint force commanders and Service and/ more Services, Department of Defense (DOD)
or functional component commanders. Combat- agencies, or multinational partners to another Ser-
ant command (command authority) provides full vice, DOD agency, non-DOD agency, and/or mul-
authority to organize and employ commands and tinational partner in an operation. Common-user
forces as the combatant commander considers logistics is usually restricted to a particular type of
necessary to accomplish assigned missions. Oper- supply and/or service and may be further restricted
ational control is inherent in combatant com-
to specific unit(s) or types of units, specific times,
mand (command authority). Also called
missions, and/or geographic areas. Also called
COCOM. (JP 1-02)
CUL. (Proposed for JP 1-02 by JP 4-07)
combatant commander—A commander in chief
communications zone—Rear part of a theater of
of one of the unified or specified combatant com-
operations (behind but contiguous to the combat
mands established by the President. Also called
zone) which contains the lines of communica-
CINC. (JP 1-02)
tions, establishments for supply and evacuation,
commander's critical information require- and other agencies required for the immediate sup-
ments—A comprehensive list of information port and maintenance of the field forces. (JP 1-02)
requirements identified by the commander as
contingency—An emergency involving military
being critical in facilitating timely information
forces caused by natural disasters, terrorists, sub-
management and the decisionmaking process that
versives, or by required military operations. Due
affect successful mission accomplishment. The
to the uncertainty of the situation, contingencies
two key subcomponents are critical friendly force
require plans, rapid response, and special proce-
information and priority intelligence require-
dures to ensure the safety and readiness of per-
ments. Also called CCIR. (JP 1-02)
sonnel, installations, and equipment. (JP 1-02)
common item—Any item of materiel that is
required for use by more than one activity. Items course of action—1. A plan that would accom-
used by two or more Military Services of similar plish, or is related to, the accomplishment of a mis-
manufacture or fabrication that may vary between sion. 2. The scheme adopted to accomplish a task
the Services as to color or shape (as vehicles or or mission. It is a product of the Joint Operation
clothing). (extract from JP 1-02) Planning and Execution System concept develop-
ment phase. The supported commander will
common servicing—That function performed include a recommended course of action in the
by one Military Service in support of another commander's estimate. The recommended course
Military Service for which reimbursement is of action will include the concept of operations,
____________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics B-7
include the optimized use or reallocation of avail- equals does not create an executive agent. For
able resources and prevention or elimination of example, a Service cannot become a Department of
redundant facilities and/or overlapping functions Defense executive agent for a particular matter with
among the Service component commands. (Pro- simply the agreement of the other Services; such
posed for JP 1-02 by JP 0-2) authority must be delegated by the Secretary of
Defense. Designation as executive agent, in and of
displaced person—A civilian who is involun-
itself, confers no authority. The exact nature and
tarily outside the national boundaries of his or her
scope of the authority delegated must be stated in
country. (JP 1-02)
the document designating the executive agent. An
dominant user concept—The concept that the executive agent may be limited to providing only
Service which is the principal consumer will have administration and support or coordinating com-
the responsibility for performance of a support mon functions, or it may be delegated authority,
workload for all using Services. (JP 1-02) direction, and control over specified resources for
specified purposes. (JP 1-02)
employment—The strategic, operational, or tac-
tical use of forces. (JP 1-02) force deployment planning and execution—
Operational procedures during deliberate or cri-
employment planning—Planning that prescribes ses action planning, and the execution of those
how to apply force/forces to attain specified mili- plans, to support the maneuver of forces and sus-
tary objectives. Employment planning concepts are tainment within the battlespace based on a con-
developed by combatant commanders through cept of employment.
their component commanders. (JP 1-02)
force module—A grouping of combat, combat
evacuee—A civilian removed from a place of support, and combat service support forces, with
residence by military direction for reasons of per- their accompanying supplies and the required non-
sonal security or the requirements of the military unit resupply and personnel necessary to sustain
situation. (JP 1-02) forces for a minimum of 30 days. The elements of
execution planning—The phase of the Joint force modules are linked together or are uniquely
Operation Planning and Execution System crisis identified so that they may be extracted from or
action planning process that provides for the adjusted as an entity in the Joint Operation Plan-
translation of an approved course of action into ning and Execution System data bases to enhance
an executable plan of action through the prepara- flexibility and usefulness of the operation plan dur-
tion of a complete operation plan or operation ing a crisis. Also called FM. (JP 1- 02)
order. Execution planning is detailed planning for
functional plans—Plans involving the conduct
the commitment of specified forces and
of military operations in a peacetime or permis-
resources. During crisis action planning, an
sive environment developed by combatant com-
approved operation plan or other National Com-
manders to address requirements such as disaster
mand Authorities-approved course of action is
relief, nation assistance, logistics, communica-
adjusted, refined, and translated into an opera-
tions, surveillance, protection of US citizens,
tion order. Execution planning can proceed on the
nuclear weapon recovery and evacuation, and
basis of prior deliberate planning, or it can take
place in the absence of prior planning. (JP 1-02) continuity of operations, or similar discrete tasks.
They may be developed in response to the
executive agent—A term used in Department of requirements of the Joint Strategic Capabilities
Defense and Service regulations to indicate a dele- Plan, at the initiative of the CINC, or as tasked by
gation of authority by a superior to a subordinate to the supported combatant commander, Joint Staff,
act on behalf of the superior. An agreement between Service, or Defense agency. Chairman of the
____________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics B-9
Joint Chiefs of Staff review of CINC-initiated of intelligence. (JP 1-02) 2. In Marine Corps
plans is not normally required. (JP 1-02) usage, questions about the enemy and the envi-
ronment, the answers to which a commander
Global Command and Control System—Highly requires to make sound decisions. Also called
mobile, deployable command and control system IR. (MCRP 5-12C)
supporting forces for joint and multinational oper-
ations across the range of military operations, any international logistic support—The provision
time and anywhere in the world with compatible, of military logistic support by one participating
interoperable, and integrated command, control, nation to one or more participating nations, either
communications, computers, and intelligence sys- with or without reimbursement. (JP 1-02)
tems. Also called GCCS. (JP 1-02)
interagency coordination—Within the context
global transportation network—The automated of Department of Defense involvement, the coor-
support necessary to enable USTRANSCOM and dination that occurs between elements of the
its components to provide global transportation Department of Defense and engaged US Govern-
management. The global transportation network ment agencies, nongovernmental organizations,
provides the integrated transportation data and sys- private voluntary organizations, and regional and
tems necessary to accomplish global transporta- international organizations for the purpose of
tion planning, command and control, and in-transit accomplishing an objective. (JP 1-02)
visibility across the range of military operations.
Also called GTN. (JP 1-02) internally displaced person—Any person who
has left his habitual residence due to fear of per-
implementation planning—Operational plan- secution or natural disaster but has not left his
ning associated with the conduct of a continuing own country.
operation, campaign, or war to attain defined
objectives. At the national level, it includes the inter-Service support—Action by one Military
development of strategy and the assignment of Service or element thereof to provide logistic
strategic tasks to the combatant commanders. At and/or administrative support to another Military
the theater level, it includes the development of Service or element thereof. Such action can be
campaign plans to attain assigned objectives and recurring or nonrecurring in character on an
the preparation of operation plans and operation installation, area, or worldwide basis. (JP 1-02)
orders to prosecute the campaign. At lower lev-
joint force—A general term applied to a force
els, implementation planning prepares for the
composed of significant elements, assigned or
execution of assigned tasks or logistic missions.
attached, of two or more Military Departments,
(JP 1-02)
operating under a single joint force commander.
integrated material manager—Any activity/ (JP 0-1)
agency designated to exercise integrated material
joint force commander—A general term
management for a Federal supply group/class
commodity or item on a DOD or Federal Govern- applied to a combatant commander, subunified
ment level. (User Manual 4400.71) commander, or joint task force commander
authorized to exercise combatant command
integration—In force projection, the synchronized (command authority) or operational control over
transfer of units into an operational commander's a joint force. Also called JFC. See also joint
force prior to mission execution. (JP 1-02) force. (JP 1-02)
intelligence requirement—1. Any subject, gen- joint logistics—The art and science of planning
eral or specific, upon which there is a need for and carrying out, by a joint force commander and
the collection of information or the production staff, logistic operations to support the protection,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
B-10 MCWP 4-12
movement, maneuver, firepower, and sustain- operations areas are particularly useful when
ment of operating forces of two or more Military operations are limited in scope and geographic
Departments of the same nation. (JP 1-02) area or when operations are to be conducted on
the boundaries between theaters. Also called
Joint Mobility Control Group—The Joint JOA. (JP 1-02)
Mobility Control Group is the focal point for
coordinating and optimizing transportation opera- joint operations center—A jointly manned
tions. This group is comprised of seven essential facility of a joint force commander's headquar-
elements. The primary elements are ters established for planning, monitoring, and
USTRANSCOM's Mobility Control Center guiding the execution of the commander's deci-
(MCC), Joint Operational Support Airlift Center sions. Also called JOC. (JP 1-02)
(JOSAC), Global Patient Movement Require-
ments Center (GPMRC), Tanker Airlift Control joint planning and execution community—
Center (TACC), Military Sealift Command Com- Those headquarters, commands, and agencies
mand Center, Military Traffic Management Com- involved in the training, preparation, movement,
mand Command Operations and the Joint reception, employment, support, and sustainment
Intelligence Center-USTRANSCOM (JIC- of military forces assigned or committed to a the-
TRANS). Also called JMCG. (JP 1-02) ater of operations or objective area. It usually
consists of the Joint Staff, Services, Service
joint mortuary affairs office—Plans and exe- major commands (including the Service whole-
cutes all mortuary affairs programs within a the- sale logistic commands), unified commands (and
ater. Provides guidance to facilitate the conduct their certain Service component commands), sub-
of all mortuary programs and to maintain data (as unified commands, transportation component
required) pertaining to recovery, identification, commands, joint task forces (as applicable),
and disposition of all US dead and missing in the Defense Logistics Agency, and other Defense
assigned theater. Serves as the central clearing agencies (e.g., Defense Intelligence Agency) as
point for all mortuary affairs and monitors the may be appropriate to a given scenario. Also
deceased and missing personal effects program. called JPEC. (JP 1-02)
Also called JMAO. (JP 1-02)
joint rear area—A specific land area within a
joint movement center—The center established joint force commander's operational area desig-
to coordinate the employment of all means of nated to facilitate protection and operation of
transportation (including that provided by allies or installations and forces supporting the joint force.
host nations) to support the concept of operations. Also called JRA. (JP 1-02)
This coordination is accomplished through estab-
lishment of transportation policies within the joint rear area coordinator—The officer with
assigned operational area, consistent with relative responsibility for coordinating the overall secu-
urgency of need, port and terminal capabilities, rity of the joint rear area in accordance with
transportation asset availability, and priorities set joint force commander directives and priorities
by a joint force commander. (JP 1-02) in order to assist in providing a secure environ-
ment to facilitate sustainment, host nation sup-
joint operations area—An area of land, sea, and port, infrastructure development, and
airspace, defined by a geographic combatant movements of the joint force. The joint rear area
commander or subordinate unified commander, coordinator also coordinates intelligence support
in which a joint force commander (normally a and ensures that area management is practiced
joint task force commander) conducts military with due consideration for security require-
operations to accomplish a specific mission. Joint ments. (JP 1-02)
__________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics B-11
joint rear area operations—Those operations in line of communications—A route of either land,
the joint rear area that facilitate protection or sup- water, and/or air, that connects an operating mili-
port of the joint force. (JP 1-02) tary force with a base of operations and along
which supplies and military forces move. Also
joint rear tactical operations center—A joint called LOC. (JP 1-02)
operations cell tailored to assist the joint rear area
coordinator in meeting mission responsibilities. Marine Logistic Operations Center—The MLC
(JP 1-02) command and control center modeled after the
FSSG-level combat service support operations
joint reception, staging, onward movement, and center (CSSOC). Also called MLOC.
integration—A phase of joint force projection
occurring in the operational area. This phase com- migrant—A person who left home temporarily
prises the essential processes required to transition or permanently for economic reasons. (Webster)
arriving personnel, equipment, and materiel into
most capable Service or agency—The organiza-
forces capable of meeting operational require-
tion that is best suited to provide common supply
ments. Also called JRSO&I. (JP 1-02)
commodity or logistic service support within a
joint servicing—That function performed by a specific joint operation. In this context, "best
jointly staffed and financed activity in support of suited" could mean the Service or agency that has
two or more Military Services. (JP 1-02) required or readily available resources and/or
expertise. The most capable Service may or may
joint task force—A joint force that is consti- not be the dominant user in any particular opera-
tuted and so designated by the Secretary of tion. (Proposed for JP 1-02 by JP 4-07)
Defense, a combatant commander, a subunified
commander, or an existing joint task force com- movement control—1. The planning, routing,
mander. Also called JTF. (JP 1-02) scheduling, and control of personnel and cargo
movements over lines of communications. 2. An
lead agent—Individual Services, combatant organization responsible for the planning, rout-
commands, or Joint Staff directorates may be ing, scheduling, and control of personnel and
assigned as lead agents for developing and main- cargo movements over lines of communications.
taining joint doctrine, joint tactics, techniques, Also called movement control center. (JP 1-02)
and procedures (JTTP) publications. The lead
agent is responsible for developing, coordinat- multinational integrated logistic support—
ing, reviewing, and maintaining an assigned doc- Two or more nations agree to provide logistic
trine or JTTP. (JP 1-02) assets to a multinational logistics force under the
operational control of a multinational force com-
lead nation—A nation that has agreed to assume mander. These assets will be used for the logistic
responsibility for procuring or providing logis- support of the entire force.
tics to all or part of the multinational force within
a designated geographic region. multinational logistic support agreement—
Any arrangement involving two or more coun-
level of supply—The quantity of supplies or tries that aims at the logistic support of a force
materiel authorized or directed to be held in (either the forces of the countries participating in
anticipation of future demands. (JP 1-02) the arrangement or other countries).
liaison—That contact or intercommunication mutual support arrangements—Any formal
maintained between elements of military forces agreement signed between or among nations, which
or other agencies to ensure mutual understanding documents the scope, terms, and conditions of a
and unity of purpose and action. (JP 1-02) multinational logistic support arrangement. It
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
B-12 MCWP 4-12
includes, but is not limited to, U.S. acquisition and detailed support requirements are not calculated
cross-servicing agreements, NATO mutual support and TPFDD files are not prepared. c. CONPLAN
agreements, host-nation support agreements, etc. with TPFDD. A CONPLAN with TPFDD is the
same as a CONPLAN except that it requires more
onward movement—The relocation of forces detailed planning for phased deployment of forces.
capable of meeting the commander's operational
Also called CONPLAN. (JP 1-02)
requirements to the initial point of their mission exe-
cution. This includes the movement of associated priority intelligence requirements—1. Those
sustainment, personnel, equipment and materiel. intelligence requirements for which a commander
has an anticipated and stated priority in the task of
operation order—A directive issued by a com-
planning and decisionmaking. (JP 1-02) 2. In
mander to subordinate commanders for the pur-
Marine Corps usage, an intelligence requirement
pose of effecting the coordinated execution of an
associated with a decision that will critically affect
operation. Also called OPORD. (JP 1-02)
the overall success of the command's mission.
operation plan—Any plan, except for the Single Also called PIR. (MCRP 5-12C)
Integrated Operational Plan, for the conduct of
military operations. Plans are prepared by combat- reception—The process of receiving, offload-
ant commanders in response to requirements estab- ing, marshalling, and transporting of personnel,
lished by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff equipment, and materiel from the strategic and/or
and by commanders of subordinate commands in intratheater deployment phase to a sea, air, or sur-
response to requirements tasked by the establish- face transportation point of debarkation to the
ing unified commander. Operation plans are pre- marshalling area. (JP 1-02)
pared in either a complete format (OPLAN) or as a reconstitution—Those actions that commanders
concept plan (CONPLAN). The CONPLAN can plan and implement to restore units to a desired
be published with or without a time-phased force level of combat effectiveness commensurate with
and deployment data (TPFDD) file. a. OPLAN. mission requirements and available resources. It
An operation plan for the conduct of joint opera- transcends normal day-to-day force sustainment
tions that can be used as a basis for development
actions. However, it uses existing systems and
of an operation order (OPORD). An OPLAN iden-
units to do so. No resources exist solely to per-
tifies the forces and supplies required to execute
form reconstitution.
the CINC's Strategic Concept and a movement
schedule of these resources to the theater of opera- recovery and reconstitution—1. Those actions
tions. The forces and supplies are identified in taken by one nation prior to, during, and following
TPFDD files. OPLANs will include all phases of an attack by an enemy nation to minimize the
the tasked operation. The plan is prepared with the effects of the attack, rehabilitate the national econ-
appropriate annexes, appendixes, and TPFDD files omy, provide for the welfare of the populace, and
as described in the Joint Operation Planning and maximize the combat potential of remaining forces
Execution System manuals containing planning and supporting activities. 2. Those actions taken by
policies, procedures, and formats. Also called a military force during or after operational employ-
OPLAN. b. CONPLAN. An operation plan in an ment to restore its combat capability to full opera-
abbreviated format that would require considerable tional readiness. (JP 1-02)
expansion or alteration to convert it into an
OPLAN or OPORD. A CONPLAN contains the redeployment—The transfer of forces and mate-
CINC's Strategic Concept and those annexes and riel to support another joint force commander's
appendixes deemed necessary by the combatant operational requirements, or to return personnel,
commander to complete planning. Generally, equipment, and materiel to the home and/or
__________________________________________________________________________________
Operational-Level Logistics B-13
demobilization stations for reintegration and/or and sea ports worldwide. The single port manager
out-processing. (JP 1-02) performs those functions necessary to support the
strategic flow of the deploying forces' equipment
refugee—A civilian who, by reason of real or and sustainment from the aerial and sea port of
imagined danger, has left home to seek safety embarkation and hand-off to the combatant com-
elsewhere. (JP 1-02) mander in the aerial and sea port of debarkation
regeneration—One of the two types of recon- (APOD and SPOD). The single port manager is
stitution, it is the rebuilding of a unit to full mis- responsible for providing strategic deployment
sion capability. It requires large-scale status information to the combatant commander
and to manage workload the APOD and SPOD
replacement of personnel, equipment, and sup-
operator based on the commander's priorities and
plies. These replacements may then require fur-
guidance. The single port manager is responsible
ther reorganization. This is a higher level of
through all phases of the theater aerial and sea
reorganization than the unit can do during nor-
port operations continuum, from an unimproved
mal reorganization without adequate personnel
airfield and bare beach deployment to a commer-
resources. Because of the intensive nature of
cial contract supported deployment. Also called
regeneration, it occurs at a regeneration site
SPM. (JP 1-02)
after the unit disengages. It also requires help
from higher echelons and the supporting estab- staging—Assembling, holding, and organizing
lishment if conducted in theater. arriving personnel, equipment, and sustaining
materiel in preparation for onward movement.
seavan—Military container moved via ocean. The organizing and preparation for movement of
(JP 1-02) personnel, equipment, and materiel at designated
sequel(s)—Major operations that follow the cur- areas to incrementally build forces capable of
rent major operation. Plans for these are based on meeting the operational commander's require-
the possible outcomes (success, stalemate, or ments. (JP 1-02)
defeat) associated with the current operation. stateless persons—Civilians who either have
(MCRP 5-12C) been denationalized, whose country of origin
Service component command—A command cannot be determined, or who cannot establish
consisting of the Service component commander their right to the nationality claimed.
and all those Service forces, such as individuals, supporting commander—A commander who
units, detachments, organizations, and installa- provides augmentation forces or other support to
tions under that command, including the support a supported commander or who develops a sup-
forces that have been assigned to a combatant porting plan. Includes the designated combatant
command, or further assigned to a subordinate commands and Defense agencies as appropriate.
unified command or joint task force. (JP 1-02) (JP 1-02)
single port manager—Through its transporation supporting plan—An operation plan prepared by
component commands, US Transportation Com- a supporting commander or a subordinate com-
mand is the Department of Defense-designated mander to satisfy the requests or requirements of
single port manager for all common-user aerial the supported commander's plan. (JP 1-02)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
B-14 MCWP 4-12
Joint Document
Joint Vision 2020
Miscellaneous
Goldwater-Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986
Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty