Chem211E Organic Chemistry Activity 03.

Analysis of Alcohols and Phenols | 1

Chem211E Organic Chemistry

Semester 1, AY2021-2022
Activity 03 (Analysis of Alcohols and Phenols)

Instructions:
1. Divide the class in four (4) groups.
2. Watch the recorded video of the experiments on the link indicated below.
3. Make a laboratory report based from the experiment conducted in the video. Template can be found on page 2 and 3 of this document.
4. Convert the laboratory report in PDF file and rename it as: “Group#_ChE2A/B_Chem211E”.
5. Submit the pdf file thru schoology discussion material under Chem211E Laboratory.
6. All submissions must be in on/before the indicated deadline in the material.

Experiments:

Refer to the link indicated below to watch the experiments conducted to test the properties of hydrocarbons.

A. Alcohols Solubility Test (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=au_fwcaVA8Q)

B. Alcohols Chromic Acid Test (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bkVOn_7j7-I)
C. Alcohols Ferric Chloride Test (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TxNGhiil8aw)
Chem211E Organic Chemistry Activity 03. Analysis of Alcohols and Phenols | 2

Chem211E Organic Chemistry

Semester 1, AY2021-2022
Activity 03 (Analysis of Alcohols and Phenols)

Students
List the name of students in the group and indicate each student’s contribution in accomplishing the laboratory report.

Students Contribution

Laboratory Report
Objectives:
The objectives of this experiment are to:
1. observe solubility of alcohols and phenols relative to their chemical structure; and
2. identify and distinguish primary, secondary, tertiary alcohols, and phenols.

Introduction:
The general formula of an alcohol is ROH R is a hydrocarbon group. Alcohols may be looked upon as derivatives of water,
where the
HOH . One hydrogen of water is substituted by an alkyl group,R . Like water, alcohols show hydrogen bonding. As the chain of the R group
increases the hydrocarbon character of the compound overshadows the polar character of the OH group. Consequently, the solubility and
boiling point of an alcohol are affected by the length of the carbon chain and the shape of the molecule. The short chain alcohols are soluble in
water, whereas the longer chain alcohols are insoluble in water. In general, a molecule which is more compact (i.e., more branched) will be more
soluble in water and will have a lower boiling point than the straight chain isomer. Phenols are aromatic alcohols, in which R is an aromatic
ring. This experiment will demonstrate some of the properties of alcohols and phenols.

Although alkyl alcohols have an −OH group, they do not ionize in water, whereas phenols ionize like acids (donating a proton to water).
The −OH group of alkyl alcohols can be positioned on different carbon atoms of the carbon chain and are classified as primary (1 °),
secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°) alcohols depending on whether the −OH group is attached to a carbon with 1, 2 or 3 other carbon atoms
attached to it. These different alcohols react differently with reagents; hence these reagents can be used for identifying the class of alcohol. The
relative acidity of phenols can be used to characterize this class of alcohols relative to the alkyl alcohols. This property will be exploited in the
identification of phenol.

Materials:
List the compounds studied and the reagents used in the experiment. In addition, enumerate the materials and equipments used to perform
the experiment. Follow below table to indicate your answers in this part of the report.

Experiment Reagents Material and Equipments

Alcohol/Phenol Solubility Test

Alcohol/Phenol Chromic Acid Test

Alcohol/Phenol Ferric Chloride Test

Methods:
Discuss the procedure done in each test based on the videos presented. Describe the methods as complete as possible.

Results and Discussion:

Chem211E Organic Chemistry Activity 03. Analysis of Alcohols and Phenols | 3

Summarize, analyze, and discuss the result of the experiments. Discussion must NOT be more 5 sentences. Follow below table to indicate
your answers in this part of the report.

A. Alcohol/Phenol Solubility Test

Alcohol/Phenol Observation Discussion Overall Reaction

Ethanol
2-propanol
2-methyl-2-propanol
Cyclohexanol
Salicylic acid

B. Alcohol/Phenol Chromic Acid Test

Alcohol/Phenol Observation Discussion Overall Reaction

Ethanol
2-propanol
2-methyl-2-propanol
Cyclohexanol
Salicylic acid

C. Alcohol/Phenol Ferric Chloride Test

Alcohol/Phenol Observation Discussion Overall Reaction

Ethanol
2-propanol
2-methyl-2-propanol
Cyclohexanol
Salicylic acid

Conclusion:
Reiterate general observations on the alcohols and phenols and integrate concepts on the properties of alcohols and phenols. Must NOT be
more than 150 words.

References:
List down the references used to accomplish this laboratory report.