PREPARED

PRESENTATIONS
Informative Presentation
 Informative Speech

A speech
designed to convey
knowledge and understanding

speeches about objects speeches about concepts

speeches about processes speeches about events

 Is the
information
communicated
accurately?

Is the
information
communicated
clearly?

Is the information
made meaningful
and interesting
to the audience?
 Description

Demonstration Methods Definition

of
Informing

Narration Compare &

Contrast
 Don’t overestimate what the
audience knows.

Guidelines Relate the subject directly to the

audience.

for Don’t be too technical.

Informative Avoid abstractions.

Speech Personalize your ideas.

Be creative.
 THE INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
✓ Get the attention and interest of your
audience.
✓ Reveal the topic of your speech.
✓ Establish your credibility and goodwill.
✓ Preview the body of the speech.
 THE INTRODUCTION
Today I am going to talk about
collecting postcards—a hobby that is
both fascinating and financially
rewarding. I would like to explain the
basic kinds of collectible postcards,
why they are so valuable, and how
collectors buy and sell their cards.
It’s Saturday morning, and you are
helping clean out your grandmother’s
store room. After working a while, you
stumble upon an old shoe box, open it,
and discover hundreds of old
postcards. Thinking about how
cluttered the store room is, you start
tossing the cards into the trash can.
Congratulations! You have just thrown
away at least the down payment for
your first car!
 STATE THE IMPORTANCE
OF YOUR TOPIC
STARTLE THE AUDIENCE
RELATE THE TOPIC TO THE AROUSE THE CURIOSITY
AUDIENCE OF THE AUDIENCE
THE
INTRODUCTION
TELL A STORY QUESTION THE AUDIENCE

BEGIN WITH A QUOTATION

 THE CONCLUSION
OBJECTIVES
✓ To let the audience know you are ending the
speech.
✓ To reinforce the audience’s understanding of,
or commitment to, the central idea.
 Summarize Your Make a Dramatic
Speech Statement
THE
CONCLUSION
End with a Quotation Refer to the
Introduction

CHRONOLOGICAL
ORDER
A method of speech organization in
which the main points follow a time
pattern.
used in speeches explaining a
process or demonstrating how to do
something.
SPECIFIC PURPOSE:
To inform my audience of the steps in
laser-assisted corrective eye surgery.
CENTRAL IDEA:
There are three main steps in laser-
assisted corrective eyesurgery.
MAIN POINTS:
I. First, a thin layer is sliced off the
surface of the eye to expose the
cornea.
II. Second, an ultraviolet laser is used to
reshape the cornea.
III. Third, the thin layer sliced off at the
beginning of the surgery is reaffixed
to the eye.

SPATIAL ORDER
A method of speech organization
in which the main points follow
a directional pattern.
The main points proceed from top
to bottom, left to right, front to
back, inside to outside, east to
west, or some other route.
SPECIFIC PURPOSE:
To inform my audience about the
structure of a hurricane.
CENTRAL IDEA:
A hurricane is made up of three parts
going from inside to
outside.
MAIN POINTS:
I. At the center of a hurricane is the
calm, cloud-free eye.
II. Surrounding the eye is the eyewall, a
dense ring of clouds that produces
the most intense wind and rainfall.
III. Rotating around the eyewall are large
bands of clouds and precipitation
called spiral rain bands.

CAUSAL ORDER
A method of speech organization
in which the main points show a
cause-effect relationship.
When you put your speech in causal
order, you have two main points—
one dealing with the causes of an
event, the other dealing
with its effects.
can be used for both persuasive speeches and informative speeches
SPECIFIC PURPOSE:
To inform my audience about possible
causes for the collapse of the Ancient
Pueblo civilization.
CENTRAL IDEA:
The causes for the collapse of the Ancient
Pueblo civilization have not yet been fully
explained.
MAIN POINTS:
I. Ancient Pueblo civilization flourished
for over a thousand years until 1200
A.D., when it mysteriously began to
disintegrate.
II. Scholars have advanced three major
explanations for the causes of this
disintegration.
 SPECIFIC PURPOSE:
PROBLEM-SOLUTION ?

ORDER CENTRAL IDEA:

?
A method of speech organization
in which the first main point deals MAIN POINTS:
I. Problem
with the existence of a problem
II. Solution
and the second main point
presents a solution to the problem.

Divided into two main parts.

i - the existence and seriousness of
a problem.
ii - a workable solution to the
problem.

Mostly for persuasive speeches ONLY


TOPICAL ORDER
A method of speech organization
in which the main points divide the
topic into logical and consistent
subtopics.
divide the speech topic into
subtopics
SPECIFIC PURPOSE:
To inform my audience about the
achievements of Josephine
Baker.
CENTRAL IDEA:
Josephine Baker was a multitalented
figure in the fight for
racial justice.
MAIN POINTS:
I. As an entertainer, Baker captivated
audiences in Europe and America.
II. As a spy, Baker gathered information
on Nazi activities in France during
World War II.
III. As a civil rights activist, Baker worked
for racial equality on a variety of
fronts.
 TIPS FOR PREPARING MAIN POINTS
Keep Main Points Separate

Ineffective More Effective

I. The first step is choosing the play.
II. The second step is selecting the
cast.
III. The third step is conducting
rehearsals and then performing the
play.
I. The first step is choosing the play.
II. The second step is selecting the
cast.
III. The third step is conducting the
rehearsals.
IV. The fourth step is performing the
play.
 TIPS FOR PREPARING MAIN POINTS
Try to Use the Same Pattern of Wording for Main
Points
Ineffective More Effective
I. Karate gives you better mental I. Karate improves your mental
discipline. discipline.
II. You will become physically stronger II. Karate increases your physical
through karate. strength.
III. Taking karate lessons will teach III. Karate teaches you self-defense.
you self-defense.
 TIPS FOR PREPARING MAIN POINTS
Balance the Amount of Time Devoted to Main
Points

I. 30 percent
II. 40 percent
III. 30 percent
 SUPPORTING
MATERIALS
examples, statistics, and testimony.

listeners need/want supporting materials

to accept what a speaker says.
I. Hypnosis is used in surgery as an adjunct to chemical anesthesia.

A. Hypnosis reduces both the physical and psychological aspects

of pain.
1. Hypnosis can double a person’s pain threshold.
2. It also reduces the fear that intensifies physical pain.

B. Hypnosis is most useful in cases when the patient is known to

have problems with general anesthesia.
1. Quotation from Dr. Harold Wain of the Mayo Clinic.
2. Story of Linda Kuay.
3. Statistics from Psychology Today.

Speech outline on Hypnosis

II. Hypnosis is used to help people stop smoking.

A. Many therapists utilize hypnosis to help people break their

addiction to cigarettes.
1. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services considers
hypnosis a safe and effective means of stopping smoking.
2. Success rates are as high as 70 percent.
a. Story of Alex Hamilton.
b. Quotation from New York psychiatrist Dr. Herbert
Spiegel.

B. Hypnosis does not work for all smokers.

1. A person must want to stop smoking for hypnosis to work.
2. A person must also be responsive to hypnotic suggestion.

Speech outline on Hypnosis

III. Hypnosis is used to help students improve their academic
performance.

A. Hypnosis enables people to use their minds more effectively.

1. The conscious mind utilizes about 10 percent of a person’s
mental ability.
2. Hypnosis allows people to tap more of their mental power.

B. Studies show that hypnosis can help people overcome many

obstacles to academic success.
1. It improves ability to concentrate.
2. It increases reading speed.
3. It reduces test anxiety.

Speech outline on Hypnosis

 Hafiq Khusairi Aishah

Self defense Sports Cooking

Alan Pathmajan Amir

Cars Sleep Fishing