BEGC-131

Individual and Society

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Answer all the questions in this assignment.

SECTION A
Q. 1 Read the following passage and answer the questions below.
Trees are vital for life on earth. They give us oxygen, store carbon, stabilise the soil and give life to the world’s
wildlife. They also provide us with the materials for tools and shelter. Not only are trees essential for life, but as the
longest living species on earth, they give us a link between the past, present and future. It is critical that woodlands,
rainforests and trees in urban settings, such as parks, are preserved and sustainably managed across the world.
The canopies of trees act as a physical filter, trapping dust and absorbing pollutants from the air. Each individual
tree removes up to 1.7 kilos of pollutants every year. They also provide shade from solar radiation and reduce noise.
Trees absorb carbon dioxide as they grow and the carbon that they store in their wood helps slow the rate of global
warming.
They reduce wind speeds and cool the air as they lose moisture and reflect heat upwards from their leaves. It is
estimated that trees can reduce the temperature in a city by up to 7°C. Trees also help prevent flooding and soil
erosion, absorbing thousands of litres of stormwater.
Trees host complex microhabitats. When young, they offer habitation and food to large communities of birds,
insects, lichen and fungi. When ancient, their trunks also provide the hollow cover needed by species such as bats,
woodboring beetles, owls and woodpeckers. One mature tree can be home to as many as 500 different species.
Research shows that within minutes of being surrounded by trees and green space, your blood pressure drops,
your heart rate slows and your stress levels come down. Soon, for the first time in history, the number of people
living in cities will outstrip those living in the countryside. Parks and trees will become an even more vital component
of urban life. We must respect them and protect them for the future.
1. Give four reasons why woodlands, rainforests and trees should be sustainably managed across the
world.
Ans. Trees are vital for life on earth. They give us oxygen, store carbon, stabilise the soil and give life to the
world’s wildlife. They also provide us with the materials for tools and shelter.

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 2. How do trees reduce pollution?
Ans. The canopies of trees act as a physical filter, trapping dust and absorbing pollutants from the air. Each
individual tree removes upto 1.7 kilos of pollutants every year.
3. This passage states that trees “host complex microhabitats.” Explain this statement.
Ans. Trees host complex microhabitats. When young, they offer habitation and food to large communities of
birds, insects, lichen and fungi. When ancient, their trunks also provide the hollow cover needed by species such as
bats, woodboring beetles, owls and woodpeckers. One mature tree can be home to as many as 500 different species.
4. How do trees slow the rate of global warming?
Ans. Trees absorb carbon dioxide as they grow and the carbon that they store in their wood helps slow the rate
of global warming.
5. Give this passage a suitable title.
Ans. Title: Importance of Trees.
6. Use the following words in sentences of your own:
(a) Sustainable
Ans. We all looking forward for the sustainable growth of the country.
(b) estimated
Ans. We have it for the estimated figure that how much money did we get.
(c) habitat
Ans. Trees are the most important task of the forest habitat.
(d) component
Ans. Juice and fruits are good components of Vitamins.
(e) vital
Ans. Balanced diet is viral for our health.
Section B
Q. 2. Match the words in Column A with their meanings in Column B.
Column A Column B
1. Remedial (a) Something that breaks easily
2. Recuperative (b) Pertaining to the study of population
3. Fragile (c) Avoid
4. Flamboyant (d) That which cannot be overcome
5. Biodiversity (e) A trip on a ship or boat taken for pleasure
6. Apparel (f) Wide variety of plant and animal species
7. Cruise (g) Clothes
8. Demographic (h) Helping someone to get better after an illness
9. Insurmountable (i) Correcting something that has been done wrong
10. Shirk (j) Loud and flashy
Ans. 1 – (h), 2 – (i), 3 – (a), 4 – (j), 5 – (f), 6 – (g), 7 – (e), 8 – (b), 9 – (d), 10 – (c).
Q. 3. Complete the following sentences with the correct article.
1. Sanskrit is _____ ancient language.

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 2. Copper is _____ useful metal.
3. Varanasi is _____holy city.
4. Which is _______ longest river in India?
5. He went out without taking ____ umbrella.
Ans. 1. an, 2. a, 3. the, 4. the, 5. an.
Q. 4. Complete the following sentences with the correct prepositions:
1. The boy is afraid ______ the dog.
2. The bus departs ______ 5 pm today.
3. William Shakespeare was born ______ England.
4. Only graduates are eligible ______ the post.
5. My sister excels ______ dancing.
6. There is no exception ______ this rule.
7. I am tired ______ walking.
8. This a matter ______ national importance.
9. My mother is fond ______classical music.
10. The teacher was not satisfied ______ the student’s explanation.
Ans. 1. of, 2. at, 3. in, 4. for, 5. in, 6. to, 7. of, 8. of, 9. of, 10. with.
Q. 5. Rewrite the following sentences as directed:
1. The earth ______ (move) round the sun. (Complete with the correct form of the word in brackets)
2. If I were the health minister, I ______ (spend) more money on building hospitals. (Complete with the
correct form of the word in brackets)
3. We should try our best to preserve the traditions ______ (hand) down to us by our ancestors. (Complete
with the correct form of the word in brackets)
4. The artist drew a beautiful portrait of the dancer. (change into passive voice)
5. Hamlet was written by Shakespeare. (change into active voice).
Ans. 1. moves, 2. will spend, 3. handed 4. A beautiful portrait of the dancer was drawn by the Artist: 5. Shakespeare
wrote Hamlet.
Section C
Q. 6. You have been asked to speak to a youth group on the topic:
‘Maintaining a healthy lifestyle during lockdown’. Write out the speech in around 250 words.
Ans. Speech
Maintaining A Healthy Lifestyle During Lockdown: As the COVID-19 lockdown continues to keep many of
us at home, it can be easy to fall into bad habits. The detrimental psychological and physical effects of lockdown are
well documented. During these difficult times, your mental and physical health needs a bit of support. So, we’ve
gathered together some ideas on how to stay healthy during lockdown. Hopefully, they can give you some inspiration
as the lockdown continues.
How to look after your mental health
With all the change and uncertainty in life at the moment, taking care of your mental health has never been more
important. There are several benefits associated with positive mental wellbeing, including things like:
 reduced stress and anxiety
 improved moods and clearer thinking

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  a greater sense of calm and increased self-esteem
 improved relationships.
Understand your own mental health needs
For some people, talking about mental health issues can be difficult. They may not know exactly what their
feelings are and how to express them. Although this can seem challenging at first, getting to understand your own
needs is an important first step towards managing mental health and stress.
There are several elements worth considering as you try to understand your mental health needs. A good place
to start is to find some quiet time in which you can reflect on how you’re feeling. Some questions to ask youself
might be:
 Have you been more irritable with situations or people around you?
 Have you been less interested in activities you usually like?
 Have you found it difficult to concentrate?
 Have you been sleeping more or less than usual?
 Have your changed routines had an impact on your sleep?
 Have you been eating more or less than usual?
 Have you felt overwhelmed and like there is too much to do?
 Have you felt concerned about the future? What aspect specifically?
 Have you been able to get enough time to yourself to relax?
 What sort of activities usually helps you ‘reset’ when you’re not feeling yourself – have you been able to do
them?
It’s a difficult and strange time for everybody, so changes to routine and anxiety are a normal response to the
circumstances. But recognising which parts are particularly difficult, or understanding exactly how you feel about
them, is an important step in trying to improve your mental health.
Thank You
Q. 7. Write an essay (around 250 words) on the topic:
Conserving Water: What individuals and societies can do.
Ans. To maintain the existence of life on Earth, the protection and protection of water is very important because
life without water is not feasible. As an exception in the entire universe, water helps in continuing the life cycle on
earth because the earth is the only planet where water and life exist. Water is our life, so only we are responsible for
saving it. According to the operation of the United Nations, it has been found that girls do not go to school in
Rajasthan because they have to travel long distances to bring water, which laps all day, so they do not get time for
any other work.
According to the survey of National Crime Records Bureau, it has been recorded that about 16,632 farmers
(2,369 women) have lost their lives due to suicide, although 14.4% due to drought is the reason that we can say that
India And in other developing countries there is also lack of water due to illiteracy, suicides, fighting and other
social issues. In such areas of water scarcity, children of future generations cannot get the right to live with their
basic education and live happily.
Being a responsible citizen of India, we must be aware of all the problems of water scarcity so that we can fulfil
all the promises and go ahead for water conservation. It is right to say that small efforts of all people can give a

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bigger result, such as drop-down, a pond, river and ocean can become us, we do not have to make extra efforts for
water conservation, we have our daily There is a need to make some positive changes in the activities like after each
use, after using the bucket for washing or bathing instead of faucet, fountain or pipe, and use mugs. A small effort
of millions of people can give a big positive result towards the water conservation campaign.
Q. 8. You would like your friend to join you on a trip to a historical monument in your locality. Write out
a dialogue (in around 200 words) between your friend and you where you try to convince him / her to join
you.
Ans.
Apu: Hello, Tipu, how are you?
Tipu: I am fine, But I could not see you last week.
Apu: Yes, you are right. Last week I visit went to Bagerhat with my elder brother.
Tipu: Oh, it is good news. But why did you select Bagerhat to visit?
Apu: You know it is a place of historical interest. The Shat Gambut Mosque has been declared as a world
heritage site. A large numbers of people every year visit Bagerhat.
Tipu: How did you enjoy the visit?
Apu: Oh, really it was a great experience for me. I could know many things of our past history.
Tipu: That’s great.
Apu: Yes, now I want you to join me as well for my next trip to Bagerhat. As your vacations are coming.
Tipu: Yes, you are right. My vacations are coming but I am having some other plans as well.
Apu: But please try to come for a day or two. I am sure you will also cherish going to Bagerhat.
Tipu: Ok, I will try my best
Apu: Okk, see you then.