‫کرشن چندر‬

‫کرشن چندر (‪ 23‬نومبر ‪ 8 - 1914‬مارچ ‪ )1977‬مختصر کہانیوں اور ناولوں کے ہندوستانی اردو اور ہندی مصنف تھے۔‬
‫انگریزی میں بھی ان کے کچھ کام ہیں۔ وہ اردو میں ‪ 20‬سے زیادہ ناول‪ ،‬مختصر کہانیوں کے ‪ 30‬مجموعے اور ریڈیو‬
‫ڈراموں کے کئی مجموعے لکھے‪ ،‬اور بعد میں‪ 1947 ،‬میں تقسیم کے بعد‪ ،‬ہندی میں بھی لکھنے لگے ۔ انہوں نے طنزیہ‬
‫کہانیوں کے مصنف کے طور پر اپنی معمولی آمدنی کو پورا کرنے کے لیے بالی ووڈ فلموں کے لیے اسکرین پلے بھی لکھے۔‬
‫کرشن چندر کے ناولوں (بشمول کالسک‪ :‬ایک گڈھے کی سرگوشت‪ ،‬ٹرانس سوانح عمری آف اے گدھے) کا انگریزی سمیت‬
‫‪ 16‬سے زیادہ ہندوستانی زبانوں اور کچھ غیر ملکی زبانوں میں ترجمہ ہو چکا ہے۔‬
 ‫کرشن چندر چوپڑا‬

‫ کے ڈاک ٹکٹ پر کرشن چندر‬2017 ‫ہندوستان کے‬

‫پیدا ہونا‬ 23 November 1914

Bharatpur, Rajputana, British India

(now in Rajasthan, India)

Died 8 March 1977 (aged 62)

Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Alma mater Forman Christian College, Lahore

Occupation Writer

Spouse(s) Vidyawati Chopra and Salma Siddiqui

His short story "Annadata" (trans: The Giver of Grain – an obsequious appellation used by Indian
peasants for their feudal land-owners), was made into the film Dharti Ke Lal (1946) by Khwaja
Ahmad Abbas – which led to his being offered work regularly as a screenwriter by Bollywood,
including such popular hits as Mamta (1966) and Sharafat (1970). He wrote his film scripts in
Urdu.[1][2]

Early life and education

Krishan Chander was born in Bharatpur, Rajasthan where his father worked as a doctor.[1][3][4]
The family originally belonged to Wazirabad District Gujranwala, of undivided Punjab, India.
Chander spent his childhood in Poonch, in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, where his father
worked as the physician of Maharaja Poonch. His novel Shakast (Defeat) is related to Kashmir's
partition. Mitti Ke Sanam one of his most popular novel is about the childhood memories of a
young boy who lived with his parents in Kashmir. His another memorable novel is "Gaddar",
which is about the partition of India and Pakistan in 1947. In this novel, he brilliantly picturised
the sufferings of the people during that time through a selfish young man's feelings, who himself
was a gaddar (betrayer). His short stories are the stories of Kashmiri villages, as well as those of
displaced expatriates and rootless urban man. He used Pahari (dialect of people living in
Poonch) words while writing in Urdu.[1][3]

In the 1930s, he studied at Forman Christian College, Lahore and edited the English section of
the college house magazine, and was at that time interested in English writings. As the then
editor of the Urdu section of the magazine, Mehr Lal Soni Zia Fatehabadi was instrumental to his
career in having got published, in the year 1932, Chander's first Urdu short story, "Sadhu".[5]

Career

His literary masterpieces on the Bengal famine and the savagery and barbarism that took place
at the time of the partition of India in 1947 are some of the finest specimens of modern Urdu
literature, but at other times, too, he continued relentlessly to critique the abuse of power,
poverty and the suffering of the wretched of the earth; but above all he never stopped protesting
casteism, fanaticism, communal violence and terror. He was a humanist and a cosmopolitan.[6]

Books written by Krishan Chander

He has been described as the "author of more than 100 books including novels, collections of
short stories, plays, fantasies, satires, parodies, reportages, film-scripts and books for
children",[7] which include:

5. Dil Ki Waadiyaan So GayiN

Novels:
6. Aasmaan Roushan Hai
1. Jamun Ka Peid
[8][3]
7. Bavan Patte[8]
2. Shikast
8. Ek Gadhe Ki Sarguzasht (The Life Story a
3. Jab Khet Jagay
Donkey)[1]
4. Toofaan Ki KaliyaaN
9. Ek Aurat Hazaar Deewanay
10. Ghaddaar[1][6] 36. Maharani

11. Jab Khet Jage 37. Pyar Ek Khushbu

12. Sarak Wapas Jaati Hai 38. Masheenon Ka Shahr

13. Dadar Pul Ke Neechay 39. Carnival

14. Barf Ke Phool 40. Aayine Akelay Hain

15. Borban Club 41. Chanbal Ki Chanbeli

16. Meri Yaadon Ke Chinaar 42. Uska Badan Mera Chaman

17. Gadhay Ki Wapasi[1] 43. Muhabbat Bhi Qayamat Bhi

18. Chandi Ka Ghaao 44. Sone Ka Sansaar

19. Ek Gadha Nefa Mein 45. SapnoN Ki Waadi

20. Hong Kong Ki Haseena 46. Aadha Raasta

21. Mitti Ke Sanam 47. Honolulu Ka Rajkumar

22. Zar Gaon Ki Raani 48. Sapnon Ki Rahguzarein

23. Ek Voilon Samundar Ke Kinare 49. Footpath Ke Farishtay

24. Dard Ki Nahar 50. Aadhe Safar Ki Poori Kahani

25. London Ke Saat Rang[9] Short Story Collection

26. Kaghaz Ki Naao 1. Tilism E Khayal[9]

27. Filmi Qaaida 2. Ekk Tawaef Ka Khat

28. Panch Loafer (1966)[9] 3. Nazaray

29. Panch Loafer Ek Heroine 4. Hawai Qilay

30. Ganga Bahe Na Raat 5. Ghunghat Mein Gori Jalay

31. Dusri Barfbari Se Pahlay 6. Tootay Hue Taaray

32. Gwalior Ka Hajjam 7. Zindagi Ke Mor Per

33. Bambai Ki Shaam 8. Naghmay Ki Maut

34. Chanda Ki Chandni 9. Purane Khuda

35. Ek Karor Ki Botal 10. Ann Daata[8]

11. Teen Ghunday[9] 23. Naye Afsaanay (1943)[9]

12. Hum Wahshi Hain[8] 24. Kaab Ka Kafan

13. Ajanta Se Aagay 25. Dil Kisi Ka Dost Nahi (1959)[9]

14. Ek Girja Ek Khandaq 26. Muskuraane Waaliyan

15. Samunder Door Hai 27. Krishn Chander Ke Afsaanay

16. Shikast Ke Baad 28. Sapnon Ka Qaidi

17. Naye Ghulam 29. Miss Nanital

18. Main Intezaar Karunga 30. DaswaaN Pul (1964)[9]

19. Mazaahiya Afsaanay 31. Gulshan Gulshan Dhundha Tujhko

20. Ek Rupiya Ek Phool 32. Aadhe Ghante Ka Khuda

21. Eucalyptus Ki Daali 33. Uljhi Larki Kaalay Baal (1970)[9]

22. Hydrogen Bomb Ke Baad 34. Kaloo Bhangi[1]

Filmography

Dharti Ke Lal (1946) — story

Andolan (1951) — screenplay and story[10]

Tamasha (1952) — dialogue

Dev Anand in Goa (1955) — screenplay and dialogue

Do Phool (1958) — dialogue

Delhi Junction (1960) — dialogue[10]

Mamta (1966) — dialogues[10]

Sharafat (1970) — screenplay and dialogue[10]

Do Chor (1972) — dialogue

Manchali (1973) — dialogue

Hamrahi (1974) — story and dialogue writer[10]

Ram Bharose (1977) — dialogue

 Death and legacy

Krishan Chander later married Salma Siddiqui as his second wife. He died working at his desk in
Mumbai on 8 March 1977.[1] He had just started to write a satirical essay entitled Adab baray-e-
Batakh (Literature for a duck), and wrote just one line Noorani ko bachpan hi se paltoo janwaron
ka shauq tha. Kabootar, bandar, rang barangi chiriyaan… (since childhood Noorani was fond of pet
animals such as pigeons, monkeys, multi-coloured birds…) but before he could complete the
sentence he succumbed to a massive heart attack.

A Fountain Park in Poonch of Jammu and Kashmir (India) has been renamed to Krishan Chander
Park, Poonch in his memory. His statue has also been erected in the middle of the garden.

Krishan Chander Chopra had married twice. His first wife was Vidyawati Chopra. They had a total
of three children from this marriage, two daughters and one son. His second wife was Salma
Siddiqi, the daughter of Rasheed Ahmed Siddiqi, Urdu's noted satirist and academic.[1]

References

1. Rauf Parekh (2 May 2016). "LITERARY NOTES: Remembering Krishan Chander and Akhter-ul-Iman" (http
s://www.dawn.com/news/1255693) . Dawn (newspaper). Retrieved 8 March 2021.

2. "Film World" (https://books.google.com/books?id=sHlTAAAAYAAJ) . Film World. T.M. Ramachandran.

10: 65. 1974. "I feel that the Government should eradicate the age-old evil of certifying Urdu films as
Hindi ones. It is a known fact that Urdu has been willingly accepted and used by the film industry. Two
eminent Urdu writers Krishan Chander and Ismat Chughtai have said that "more than seventy-five per
cent of films are made in Urdu." It is a pity that although Urdu is freely used in films, the producers in
general mention the language of the film as "Hindi" in the application forms supplied by the Censor
Board. It is a gross misrepresentation and unjust to the people who love Urdu."

3. "From Krishan Chander, a Salute to Kashmir" (https://thewire.in/books/krishan-chander-a-salute-to-kas

hmir) . The Wire (India) website. 12 August 2019. Retrieved 8 March 2021.

4. Ahmed, Ishtiaq (4 February 2014). "Centenary of Krishan Chander" (http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/opini

on/04-Feb-2014/centenary-of-krishan-chander) . Daily Times.

5. Malik Ram (1977). Zia Fatehabadi – Shakhs Aur Shair (https://books.google.com/books?id=UR_EGwAA

CAAJ) (in Urdu). Delhi: Ilmi Majlis. pp. 116–117.

6. Lamat R. Hasan (25 August 2018). "A translation of Krishan Chander's Ghaddaar that is timely, moving,
vital" (https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/a-translation-of-krishan-chander-s-ghaddaar-that-is-timel
y-moving-vital/story-kkAwbAARCj9dTTL1xI22iN.html) . Hindustan Times (newspaper). Retrieved
8 March 2021.
 7. Advance, Volume 26 (1977), Public Relations, Punjab, p. 17

8. Books by Krishan Chander on goodreads.com website (https://www.goodreads.com/author/list/339120

5.Krishan_Chander) Retrieved 8 March 2021

9. Books By Krishan Chander on rekhta.org website (https://rekhta.org/poets/krishn-chander/ebooks)

Retrieved 8 March 2021

10. Filmography of Krishan Chander on Cinestaan.com website (https://www.cinestaan.com/people/krishan

-chander-1623) Retrieved 8 March 2021

External links

Krishan Chander (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0151300/) at IMDb

Indiaclub [1] (https://web.archive.org/web/20081204050756/http://www.indiaclub.com/shop/

AuthorSelect.asp?Author=Krishan+Chander)

Krishn Chander Books online (https://rekhta.org/poets/krishn-chander/ebooks)

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"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Krishan_Chander&oldid=1047408036"

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