PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MAYNILA

(University of the City of Manila)

General Luna St., cor. Muralla St.
Intramuros, Manila, Philippines

OFFICE OF THE NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

Tel: 643-2563
nstp@plm.edu.ph

LECTURE HANDOUT: DRUG EDUCATION

Intro: Video on Anti-Drug Advocacy

LAWS RELEVANT TO DRUG EDUCATION:

REPUBLIC ACT No. 6425 April 4, 1972

• This Act shall be known and cited as "The Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972."
• Approved on March 30, 1972
• Approved by: President Ferdinand Marcos

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9165

• AN ACT INSTITUTING THE COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 2002,
REPEALING REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6425, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE DANGEROUS
DRUGS ACT OF 1972, AS AMENDED, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES
• This Act shall be known and cited as the “Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of
2002”.
• Approved on JUNE 07, 2002
• Approved by: PRESIDENT GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO
• It is the policy of the State to safeguard the integrity of its territory and the well-being
of its citizenry particularly the youth, from the harmful effects of dangerous drugs on
their physical and mental well-being, and to defend the same against acts or
omissions detrimental to their development and preservation. In view of the
foregoing, the State needs to enhance further the efficacy of the law against
dangerous drugs, it being one of today’s more serious social ills.

Total of Drug Users in the Philippines as of March 5, 2019

• According to the Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB) (the government agency
mandated to formulate policies on illegal drugs in the Philippines), there are 1.8
million current drug users in the Philippines, and 4.8 million Filipinos report having
used illegal drugs at least once in their lives.

• This is manifested in the significant number of drug-cleared barangays which

is 4,922 in 2018 added to the already cleared barangays of 5,077 in 2017.

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 PROFILE OF DRUG ABUSERS
(Facility Based)
CY 2019, 2018, 2017

• AGE : Mean age of 32 years old

• SEX : Ratio of Male to Female (9:1)
• CIVIL STATUS : Single (51.20%)
• STATUS OF EMPLOYMENT : Unemployed (50.06%)
• EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT : High School Level (28.14%)
• ECONOMIC STATUS : Average Family Income Php 11,265.10
• PLACE OF RESIDENCE : Urban (specifically NCR (4.81%)
• DURATION OF DRUG USE : More than six (6) years
• NATURE OF DRUG TAKING : Mono drug use (abuse of 1 drug only)
• DRUGS/SUBSTANCES OF ABUSE :
Methamphetamine Hydrochloride (Shabu)
Cannabis (Marijuana)
Contact Cement (Rugby)

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PLM Student Manual:

Section 2. General Rules of Discipline,

C. Grave Offenses

5. Possession, carrying, or bringing inside the University premises any ALCOHOLIC drink
and/or prohibited DRUGS or entering the University premises under the influence of either
or both.

1st Offense: 14 days to 25 days suspension

2ns Offense: 26 days suspension to non-readmission or exclusion

FACTS ABOUT DRUGS AND THEIR EFFECTS

NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES (NPS)

These new psychoactive substances (NPS) have been known in the market by terms such
as “designer drugs”, legal highs”, “herbal highs”, “bath salts”, “research chemicals”,
“laboratory reagents”.

To promote clear terminology on this issue, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
(UNODC) only uses the term “new psychoactive substances (NPS)” which are defined
as “substances of abuse, either in a pure form or a preparation, that are not controlled by
the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs or the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic
Substances, but which may pose a public health threat”.

DEFINITION OF DRUGS

• Any substance that prevents or cures diseases or enhances physical or mental

welfare.
• Any chemical agent that alters the biochemical or physiological processes of tissues
or organisms.

Drugs maybe:
1. Legal Drugs
• (Prescribed and OTC Drugs)

2. Illegal Drugs
• (Psychoactive Substances)

Psychoactive Substances
• Substances that modify a person’s perception, mood, cognition, behavior, or
motor functions

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Substance Abuse
• The harmful use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and other drugs
(AOD).
• The sustained use of psychoactive substances can lead to dependence syndrome
a cluster of behavioral, cognitive, and physiological phenomena.

Introduction to Drug Dependency

Video (“1- Addiction: Context and Signs”)

Understanding Drug Dependence Typically characterized by:

• A strong desire to consume drugs
• Difficulty controlling its use
• Persistent use despite detrimental effects
• Preference to use drugs than to other activities
• Increasing tolerance to the drug used

Addiction is progressive.
• Without intervention or treatment, it can cause disability or even death.

Common Signs of Drug Use

• Changes in attendance in school or work

• Irritable, discourteous, aggressive
• Blames everybody but oneself
• Poor physical appearance
• Wearing of sunglasses at inappropriate times
• Stealing items which can be readily sold
• Unusual borrowing of money from relatives and friends
• Association with known drug abuses

Based on PDEA’s intelligence and drug-related arrests, methamphetamine hydrochloride,

locally known as shabu, is the most abused drug in the country, followed by cannabis or
marijuana, and methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) or ecstasy.

Prices of Dangerous Drugs:

Based on monitoring, shabu is traded on the streets at the average price of Php6,800.00
per gram, marijuana at Php120.00 per gram or Php40.00 per stick, and ecstasy at
Php1,700.00 per tablet.

Most abused drugs in the Philippines:

1. Methamphetamine HCL (SHABU)

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 • a type of amphetamine is also known as “poor man’s cocaine”. Other
names are Shabu, Ubas, Siopao, Sha and Ice. Shabu is a white, odorless
crystal or crystalline powder with a bitter numbing taste.

Other Terms: Shabs, S, bato

How it is Used: Snorted
Effects on the Body: Tachycardia, hypertension, atrial and ventricular
arrhythmias, chest pain, accelerated atherosclerosis, dyspnea, edema,
abscess, cellulitis, seizures, hypotension, dental caries, periodontal abscess
(meth mouth), pupillary dilatation.

2. Cannabis Sativa (Marijuana)

• is the term used to describe all the plant material like leaves, tops, stems,
flowers and roots from a cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa), dried and
prepared for smoking or taken orally as “brownies”.

Other Terms: Grass, pot, reefer, and weed

How it is Used: Usually smoked; baked into brownies; brewed like tea
Effects on the Body: Marijuana impairs memory, concentration, perception, and
movement.

3. Methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) or ecstasy.

Other Terms: X, Molly, Happy Drug, Love Drug

How it is Used: Orally in pill form
Effects on the Body: Increased heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature,
dehydration, nausea, muscle cramping, involuntary teeth clenching, blurred vision,
chills, sweating.

HOW TO AVOID DRUG USE:

• Understand how alcohol and drug addiction develops

• Get help if you have an alcohol or drug problem
• Avoid temptation and peer pressure
• Find support that you need
• Maintain physical wellness and mental health
• Use drugs properly
• Accept yourself
• Develop your potentials and engage in productive and fulfilling activities
• Communicate your issues and concerns
• Learn how to cope with your problems
• Seek professional help if you feel you cannot cope with problems
• Develop strong moral and spiritual foundations.

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Effects of Drug Abuse

• Person
• Family
• Community
• Society

Effects on the Person

1. Medical and Physical Deterioration

• Respiratory, digestive, and other health problems

2. Personal Deterioration
• Manipulativeness; negative attitudes; selfishness; low frustration
tolerance; poor family relations; non-trustworthiness; depression;
absence of good manners and right conduct, among others.

3. Mental Deterioration
• Loss of interest to productive activities; emotional immaturity; no initiative
for self-improvement; inability to concentrate; psychosis, among others.

4. Spiritual Deterioration
• Drug abusers are godless; no spiritual beliefs, no spiritual obligations, nor
religious responsibilities.

Effects on the Family

• Family members develop intense feelings of humiliation and guilt

• Low self esteem of family members
• Spirit of togetherness and unity are broken
• Domestic violence
• Loss of money or valuables

Effects on the Community

• Increase in petty crimes within neighborhoods

• Increase of drug dependents and drug pushers
• Developing fear of drug users among residents, especially at night
• Neighborhood association and interaction is reduced

Effects on Society

• Increase in heinous and anti-social crimes

• Overwhelming fear towards drug dependents, limiting people’s movement
especially at night
• Disregarding of moral values and the deterioration of the moral fiber of society
(leading to prostitution, pedophilia, child abuse, and other immoral acts)
• A threat to national security

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Drug Treatment

• Withdrawal Management (WM)

• Detoxification
• Rehabilitation Program
• Out-patient Treatment
• Residential Rehabilitation
• Follow-up Aftercare

Withdrawal Management (WM)

• Medical and psychological care of patients who are experiencing withdrawal

symptoms as a result of ceasing or reducing use of their drug of dependence

Detoxification

• The process of expelling toxins and substances from the body and suppressing
withdrawal symptoms.

Rehabilitation Program

• Sets of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency on psychoactive

substances such as alcohol, prescription drugs, and street drugs such as cocaine,
heroin or amphetamines.

Out-patient Treatment

• Drug dependency treatment where the patient is not admitted to the hospital or
facility.

Residential Rehabilitation

• Treatment programs for substance dependency provided for patients in residential

settings.

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Follow-up and Aftercare

FOLLOW-UP AND LEVEL OF USE MANAGEMENT

AFTERCARE
Support services for persons Abstainer Preventive Education
discharged from hospitals
and rehabilitation centers. Experimenters
Occasional Users Counseling
Regular Users

Drug Dependent Drug Rehabilitation

Mentally Ill Chemical Psychiatric treatment

Abuser (Substance Induced
Psychosis)

Promote Drug Awareness and Prevention Programs for the Youth:

• Youth camp
• Seminars, lectures, symposia
• Multi-Media efforts (through social media)

Prepared by:

ANGIE C. ALVAREZ

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