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442 Biochemical Engineering

Spring 2005

Example Reactions from the EC Classes

Class 1. Oxidoreductases

(a) EC 1.1.1.27 – lactate dehydrogenase

pyruvate +NADH + H+ → lactate + NAD+
O H
HO
OH OH

O O

(b) EC 1.4.1.9 leucine dehydrogenase (reductive amination)

trimethylpyruvate + NADH + NH4+ → L-tert-leucine + NAD+ + H2O
O H2N

OH OH

O O

Class 2. Transferases

(a) EC 2.6.1.x transaminase

acetophenone + L-alanine → phenylethylamine + pyruvate

O NH2
NH2 O

OH OH

+ O + O

(b) EC 2.1.1.20 glycine-N-methyltransferase

glycine + S-adenosyl-methione → methlyamino-acetic acid + S-adenosyl-cysteine
N

N NH2

NH2
H2N O
N N
O S
+ O HO R
HO S
NH2 NH
HO + O
HO OH
HO + O
Class 3. Hydrolases

(a) EC 3.1.1.x lipase

ethyl 2-methyl-5-thien-2-ylpentanoate + H2O → 2-methyl-5-thien-2-ylpentanoic acid + ethanol
O O

O OH
HO
S S
+

(b) EC 3.5.5.1 nitrilase

3-hydroxypentanedinitrile + 2H2O → 4-cyano-3-hydroxybutanoic acid

OH OH O

NC CN NC
OH

Class 4. Lyases

(a) EC 4.1.1.12 L-Asp-β-decarboxylase

aspartate → alanine + CO2
O O

HO
OH OH

O NH2 NH2

(b) EC 4.3.1.1 aspartate ammonia lyase (aspartase)

aspartate → fumarate + NH3
O O

HO HO
OH OH

O NH2 O

Examples of EC Class Reactions, p.2

Class 5. Isomerases

(a) EC 5.3.1.1 triose phosphate isomerase

dihydroxyacetone phosphate → glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

O
O O
HO -
-
O P O H O P O
- -
O O OH O

(b) EC 5.1.1.1 alanine racemase

L-alanine → D-alanine
O O

OH OH

NH2 NH2

Class 6. Ligases

(a) EC 6.5.1.1 DNA ligase (ATP-dependent)

Consult your neighborhood bio book!

Examples of EC Class Reactions, p.3