Least Squares Formulas

Linear model and data

y mx b
x x x x xN
= +

Intercept | ⋯

y y y y yN
1 2 3

Independent Variable | ⋯
2 2 3
Slope
Dependent Variable

Variable Coefficients nedded Constants and variables

∑x x x xN
∑y m N∑ xy- ∑ x∑ y b ∑ y-m∑x
= + + ⋯ +

y y yN
1 2

= 1 + 2 + ⋯ +

N∑ x - ∑ x
=
N 2
, =

∑ x ⏨y ∑ y
2

x⏨ =
N N , =

Usage of Uncertains Correlation coefficient:

𝛥 fx xf x
=
∂
𝛥 ,
r =
N∑ xy- ∑ x∑ y
f fx fy fz
∂

f f f
= 𝛥

= | | ±𝛥
+𝛥 +𝛥
N∑ x - ∑ x N∑ y - ∑ y
2
2
2
2

Determination of uncertains
m m = 𝛿y
N
R ∑ yi -mxi -b N∑ x - ∑ x
𝛥 = 𝛿
2
2 2
= ( )

y 𝛿R N-
= /( 2)
∑ x
b
2

𝛥 = 𝛿 b = 𝛿 m N