SUBJECT AND CONTENT AND

ARTISTIC ELEMENTS/PRINCIPLES
OF ART

Lesson 4: Elements and Principles of Art

Duration: 6 hours
Texture
1. Actual Texture - It refers to the real feel and look of the surface of the
object. This usually is a characteristic of three-dimensional artworks.

2. Simulated Texture - It refers to a surface character that looks real but is

not. It is a skill of the artist to exactly copy reality.

3. Abstract Texture - In this type of texture, the artist would focus on one
aspect of the real texture and emphasize it - modifying the texture of the
whole composition.

4. Inventive Texture - It is the product of the artist’s imagination. This

presentation is usually seen in abstract artworks.
Principles of Art
Principles of art is used to organize the elements of art in a certain
composition. Basically, it is strategies in creating a good and beautiful design,
It is the proper arrangement of different elements to come up with a
pleasurable art experience for the viewers. The effectiveness of elements of
art will depend on the proper usage and manipulation of the principles of
design which is the guiding principles and rules in art. The principles of art and
design are the following:

1. Balance - It is one of the principles of design; it is classified into three:

symmetrical, asymmetrical and radial.

 Symmetrical - also known as formal balance, as two equal parts of the

pictorial plane of an artwork placed like mirror images of each other. The
similarity is so precise that each half is seen one and the same.

 Asymmetrical - also known as informal balance, where elements on

iether side of a composition do not reflect one another or when several
smaller items on one side are balances by a latge ityem on the other side.
 Radial Symmetry - balance where all elements radiate out from a center
point in a circular fashion to all four quadrants of the shape’s constraining
plane.
2. Harmony - can be described as sameness, the belonging of one thing with
another.

3. Proportion - the size of the relationship of forms and shapes.

4. Dominance/Emphasis - this happens when the artist creates an area of

the composition that is visually dominant and commands the viewer’s
attention. This is often achieved by contrast.

5. Variety - refers to a way of combining visual elements to achieve intricate

and complex relationships.
6. Movement - this is the result of using the elements of art such as that they
move the viewer’s eye around and within the image.

7. Rhythm - this is a ontinuance, a flow or feeling of movement achieved by

the repetition of regulated visual information.