EBD_7042

A-200 Mental Ability Test (MAT)

Chapter
Cryptography
Cryptography Sol. (3) A 2-digit number when added to 72 gives 96. That
means 24 is the number that is added to 72. Thus AB =
The dictionary meaning of the term ‘Cryptography’ is the science
24.
or study of the techniques of secret writing, especially code and
cipher systems, methods and the like. In simple words, it is the ILLUSTRATION 4 :
procedure or the method of making & using secret codes.
And, therefore, cryptogram is the message or word written in a ‘PQ’ is the representation for which number ?
particular code or symbol, i.e., cryptogram stands for the 7 8
representation.
+ P Q
For our study, under the section of logical reasoning, we code the
digits of the number series (0 to 9) with various different alphabets 1 1 2
and perform various arithmetic operations like addition, (1) 24 (2) 32
subtraction and multiplication on these coded digits. (3) 34 (4) 22
For e.g.: Instead of writing 1 + 1 = 2, we write A + A = B. Similarly, Sol. (3) At the units place 8 + Q = 2, that means 4 is added to 8
instead of writing 5 × 4 = 20, we write A × B = DE. to make it 12, of which 1 is the carry over.
There will be hints provided to you in the options or in some Thus, 7 + 1 + P = 11, therefore, P should be 3.
statements in the question itself. Hence, PQ = 34, option (3).
You will understand more and more and at a deeper level once we
start discussing the examples. Shortcut : Go by the options, add the numbers given in the options
one by one to the given number to get the answer.
ILLUSTRATION 1 :
ILLUSTRATION 5 :
What would be the value of the code ‘A’ where A + 1 = 2.
(1) 1 (2) 2 ‘MN’ is the representation for ?
(3) 0 (4) 3 2 6
Sol. (1) Going by the options 1 + 1 = 2, i.e., A = 1.
Thus option (1) is the correct answer. ´ M N
3 1 2
ILLUSTRATION 2 :
(1) 18 (2) 12
What would be the value of ‘L’ where L + M = 3 (3) 17 (4) 14
(1) 1 (2) 2
Sol. (2) Since, in this question we are tested on the
(3) 6 (4) either 1 or 2
multiplication operation, we can multiply 26 with each
Sol. (4) Since L + M = 3, L can either be 1 or 2 and similarly M
of the given options to get the final answer.
can be either be 2 or 1 respectively.
Therefore, Shortcut : Since, 26 × MN = 312, i.e., the product of 6 and N gives
L+M=3 the last digit 2, thus N has to be either 2 or 7 because 6 × 2 = 12 and
1+2=3 6 × 7 = 42, where in both the cases unit’s digit is 2.
or 2 + 1 = 3 Thus options (1) and (4) are ruled out.
Thus option (4) is the correct answer. Now, we can multiply 26 by 12 and 17 to get the answer.
–––––––––––––––––– Quick Tip –––––––––––––––––––– –––––––––––––––––– Quick Tip ––––––––––––––––––––
All the alphabets will be a representation of a number which is an Try to eliminate as many options as possible by using simple
integer, i.e., the codes stand for integers. logics. This saves time and increases your accuracy.

ILLUSTRATION 3 : ILLUSTRATION 6 :
Find out which number stands for AB in the following
operation : A B
– 4 3
A B
1 7
+ 7 2
9 6 What is the value of AB ?
(1) 50 (2) 60
(1) 12 (2) 22 (3) 70 (4) 80
(3) 24 (4) 28
Cryptography A-201
Sol. (2) Going by the options, AB = 60. Option (2) is the correct ILLUSTRATION 11 :
answer.
If A2 = B, then find the value of A + B.
ILLUSTRATION 7 : (1) 2 (2) 4
What is the value of ABC in the given cryptogram ? (3) 6 (4) 8
Sol. (3) From e.g. 9 and 10, we have the values of A & B which
A B C are 2 & 4 respectively.
+ 3 4 7 Therefore, A + B = 2 + 4 = 6, option (3) is the correct
9 1 2 answer.

(1) 564 (2) 365 ILLUSTRATION 12 :

(3) 565 (4) 465 If A is the product of 2 different prime numbers. Then A is :
Sol. (3) Going by the options, 565 + 347 = 912. Thus option (3) (1) 1 (2) 2
ILLUSTRATION 8 : (3) 6 (4) 5
Sol. (3) Since, it is given that A is a product of 2 different prime
numbers, it can’t be 1, 2 or 5 because 1 × 2 = 2 and
A B C 1 × 5 = 5 where 1 is not a prime number.
+ 3 4 A Thus 2 × 3 = 6. Therefore, (3) is the answer.
5 7 6 ILLUSTRATION 13 :
What does ABC stand for ? If B is the product of 2 different composite number. Then B
(1) 234 (2) 736 is
(3) 108 (4) 546 (1) 10 (2) 32
Sol. (1) Given that C + A = 6 (3) 6 (4) 8
B+4=7 Sol. (2) Going by the options (1) 10 = 2 × 5 where both 2 & 5 are
prime numbers. (3) 6 = 2 × 3, again 2 & 3 are prime
A +3=5 numbers while (4) 8 = 2 × 4, where 2 is a prime number
Therefore, B + 4 = 7 Þ B = 3 and A + 3 = 5 Þ A = 2 but 4 is a composite number.
Now, C + A = C + 2 = 6 Þ C = 4 Thus, 32 = 4 × 8, where both 4 & 8 are distinct composite
Hence, ABC = 234 numbers. Hence, option (2) is the correct answers.

Common data for Illustration 9 to 11 . Let us now try some illustrations based on multiplication :
Refer to the data below and answer the questions that follow : Illustration 14 to 16 : In the given Illustration , each letter stands
A A A for the same integer throught. Answer the following based on the
+ A A given operation : -
A B B A A
´ A A
ILLUSTRATION 9 :
A A
If A2 = B, then find the value of A. + A A ´
(1) 1 (2) 2
(3) 4 (4) 6 A B A
Sol. (2) Given that A + A = B Þ 2 A = B
and A2 = B
ILLUSTRATION 14 :
Therefore, 2A = A2
or A2 – 2A = 0 What is the value of A ?
or A(A – 2) = 0 (1) 2 (2) 4
Hence, A = 0, 2 (3) 7 (4) 1
since, A = 0 is not an option, therefore, A = 2 option (2). Sol. (4) The given multiplication goes like
H T U ¬ Hundreds, Tens and Units place
ILLUSTRATION 10 :
If A2 = B, then find the value of B. A A
(1) 2 (2) 4 ´ A A
(3) 6 (4) 8
Sol. (2) In Eg. 9, we found the value of A, i.e., A = 2 A A
Thus A2 = B or 2A = B will give us B = (2)2 = 4 + A A ´
or B = 2 × 2 = 4. A B A
Thus the value of B = 4
 EBD_7042
A-202 Mental Ability Test (MAT)
Now, we are given an operation at the unit’s place, i.e., A × A Common data for Illustration 17 - 26
= A. If we go by the options and put A’s value In the following multiplication, each of the different letters denote
option (1) A = 2, then 2 × 2 = 4, i.e., A × A ¹ A. Thus this is a different integer. Each letter stands for the same integer
incorrect. throughout. If ‘A’, stands for ‘2’ and ‘C’ stands for ‘6’.
Similarly, in case of options (2) & (3) 4 × 4 ¹ 4 and 7 × 7 ¹ 7
respectively, therefore, both these options are also A B C
discarded. ´ D E
Thus option (4) 1 × 1 = 1 is the correct answer. A B C
ILLUSTRATION 15 : +E C M A O
What is the value of A ? E C D M C
(1) 5 (2) 6
(3) 1 (4) 0 ILLUSTRATION 17 :
Sol. (3) In illustration 14, each option when multiplied to itself
gave a different integer but in this eg. we’ll analyze how to What is the value of E ?
find the correct answer when each unit’s place multiplied to (1) 1 (2) 2
itself gives the same integer. So now, going by options, at (3) 3 (4) 4
the unit’s place 5 × 5 = 5 with a carry over 1. Therefore, when Sol. (1) By logic, when ABC is multiplied with E, the product
the unit’s and ten’s place 5s are multiplied a ‘2’ is added to it. so formed is ABC, therefore, the value of E should be 1.
So it should look like
ILLUSTRATION 18 :
2 What is the value of D ?
5 5 (1) 1 (2) 2
(3) 7 (4) 9
× 5 5 Sol. (3) Since, the value of the product of C and D is A, i.e., the
2 7 5 product of 6 and D is number whose unit’s digit is 2.
Therefore, the value of D can either be 2 or 7 because 6 × 2
2 7 5 × = 12 and 6 × 7 = 42, where both the products have their units
digit as 2.
where we don’t require to find out the answer because it is As from the given options, the answer can be either option
clear that the product is a 3-digit number and thus the sum (2) or (3) but if the value of D was 2, then it would be same as
of the products will be a four - digit number and that is not the value of A, which is not possible.
what our requirement for the solution is. Hence, the value of D = 7, option (3) is the answer.
similarly, when we multiply 6 with 6 it gives the unit’s place
integer as 6 with a carry over 3, which again changes the ILLUSTRATION 19 :
product of 66 and 6 into a 3-digit number and the sum of
What is the value of M ?
these products to a four-digit number. Hence, this option is
(1) 9 (2) 7
also incorrect.
(3) 5 (4) 8
Now, incase of option (4), i..e, 0. If A = 0 then certainly the
Sol. (3) Let us write the given cryptogram again, with all the
product will be ‘0’ whose sum will be 0.
decoded integers for simplicity.
Since, all the other options are ruled out, the answer is A = 1.
To validate it A × A = A Þ 1 × 1 = 1 with no carry over. Hence, A B C 2 B 6
the correct answer option is (3) 1.
´ D E ´ 7 1
ILLUSTRATION 16 : A B C Þ 2 B 6
Which of the following could be the correct value of B ? +E C M A ´ 1 6 M 2 ´
(1) 1 (2) 2 E C D M C 1 6 7 M 6
(3) 3 (4) 4
Sol. (2) As we know that A = 1 We can now see that 2 + M = 7, which means M = 7 – 2 = 5.
Thus the value of M is 5. So, option (3) is correct.
A A 1 1
´ A A ´ 1 1 ILLUSTRATION 20 :
A A Þ 1 1 Which integer does the code ‘B’ stand for ?
+ A A ´ + 1 1 ´ (1) 8 (2) 3
(3) 2 (4) 6
A B A 1 2 1 Sol. (2) From the above example, B + 2 = M, i.e., B + 2 = 5
therefore B = 5 – 2 = 3. Thus the value of B = 3.
Since, A + A = B Þ 1 + 1 = B = 2. Hence, the value of B = 2 So,
Hence, option (2) is the correct answer.
option (2) is the correct answer.
Cryptography A-203

ILLUSTRATION 21 : Sol. (2) As D = 7 and A = 2. Therefore, the difference between

them is D – A = 7 – 2 = 5.
Find out which number from the following stands for BAD ?
(1) 489 (2) 723 Thus, option (2) is the correct answer.
(3) 637 (4) 137
ILLUSTRATION 24 :
Sol. (2) Since, from above examples, we know that A = 2, B = 3
& D = 7. Therefore, 327 in any of the jumbled form can be the What is the product of B and C ?
correct answer, which is option (2). (1) 15 (2) 16
Thus the correct answer is option (2) 723. (3) 18 (4) 17
Sol. (3) As B = 3 and C = 6, therefore, B × C = 3 × 6 = 18.
ILLUSTRATION 22 :
Thus, option (3) is the correct answer.
Which of the following stands for ACE ?
(1) 176 (2) 276 ILLUSTRATION 25 :
(3) 376 (4) 126
What is the last digit of the product of C and D ?
Sol. (4) Given that A = 2, C = 6 and from the above example we
find E = 1. Thus any combination of 261 would stand for the (1) 8 (2) 6
word ACE. (3) 4 (4) 2
Hence, option (4) is the answer. Sol. (4) As C = 6 and D = 7, therefore, C× D = 6 × 7 = 42.
Hence, last digit / unit’s place digit of the product (42) is 2.
–––––––––––––––––– Quick Tips ––––––––––––––––––––
Thus option (4) is the correct answer.
(i) A particular set of integers denoting a word may or may not
be in the fixed order as the alphabets of the word (refer to ILLUSTRATION 26 :
examples 21 & 22), but it is essential only to check whether
What is the remainder when D is divided by B ?
the integers that are denoted by the alphabets are present
(1) 0 (2) 2
in it or not. The one which has it is the required answer.
(3) 3 (4) 4
(ii) In case all the options, have the same set of integers, look
for the one that is in a fixed order as of the given word. For Sol. (4) As D = 7 and B = 3, therefore, when we divide D by B,
eg. For the word ACE (refer Eg. 22), the answer would be i.e., 7 by 3 the remainder will be 4.
261.
3 7 1
ILLUSTRATION 23 : 3
What is the difference between D and A ? 4
(1) 2 (2) 5
Thus option (4) 4 is the correct answer.
(3) 3 (4) 7

Exercise
Question on Addition & Subtraction 4. If the value of N is 6 and M > N, then what is the value of A?
DIRECTIONS (Q.1 TO Q7): In the following addition each of (1) 2 (2) 1
the letters denote a different integer. Each letter stands for
(3) 3 (4) None of these
the same integer throughout where ‘P’ stands for 4.
5. If N = 6 and M > N, then which of the following numbers
M N O P
stand for M A N ? If N = 6, M > N and 0 = 5, then
+ A Q R P
Z Z Z Z (1) 146 (2) 716
(3) 356 (4) 236
1. What is the value of the letter ‘Z’ throughout ?
(1) 4 (2) 6 6. What is the value of POAR ?
(3) 8 (4) Cannot be determined (1) 4513 (2) 4514
2. If the value of N is greater than 5, then ‘N’ stands for :
(3) 4517 (4) 4615
(1) 6 (2) 7
(3) 8 (4) 6 or 7 7. What is the remainder when P is divided by Q ?
3. If M > N and the value of N = 6, then what is the value of R? (1) 3 (2) 0
(1) 2 (2) 1
(3) 1 (4) 2
(3) 3 (4) Cannot be determined
 EBD_7042
A-204 Mental Ability Test (MAT)
DIRECTIONS (Q 8 to Q 14): 19. Then what stands for ‘BOON’ ?
(1) 4021 (2) 4220
Given
A B C D (3) 4371 (4) 7242
+ S R O P 20. Then what is the number that stands for TOON ?
(1) 3900 (2) 3252
C C C C (3) 3202 (4) 4220
21. What stands for T H Y ?
where C = 9. (1) 375 (2) 275
(3) 751 (4) 135
8. If A is a prime number, what is the possible value of A if A < 3 ?
22. What is the second multiple of the product of B, Y, T ?
(1) 0 (2) 1 (1) 180 (2) 60
(3) 2 (4) Cannot be determined (3) 120 (4) 150
9. If A is a prime number less than 3, what is the value of 23. What is the fifth multiple of the product of H, N, L, & T ?
S? (1) 3 (2) 21
(1) 7 (2) 4 (3) 7 (4) 0
(3) 2 (4) 6
Common Data for Q. 24 to Q. 27.
10. Based on the data derived from Questions 8 & 9, what is the
Given B A N A
possible value of CAR ?
(1) 342 (2) 375 +N A N A
(3) 923 (4) Cannot be determined V L W L
If A = 2 and R is a prime number smaller than 5, then find.
11. The value of SCAR, using all the data from above ? where A = 2 and N = 3.
(1) 4752 (2) 2973
(3) 7021 (4) Cannot be determined 24. What will be the value of B, if V is a prime number ?
12. The value of SOAP, using all the data from above & D = 8 ? (1) 6 (2) 4
(1) 7321 (2) 7021 (3) 5 (4) 7
(3) 2379 (4) 8109 25. What is the probable value of V ?
(1) 6 (2) 4
13. B¸0=?
(3) 7 (4) 5
(1) 0 (2) 6
26. So what is the sum of all the integers denoting BANANA?
(3) 1 (4) ¥ (1) 21 (2) 16
14. What is the sum of the integers in row 1 ? (3) 24 (4) 27
(1) 27 (2) 25 27. What is the product of the integers in the final sum, i.e.,
(3) 11 (4) 36 product of V, L, W and L ?
DIRECTIONS (Q. 15 to Q. 18 ): (1) 872 (2) 672
Given - (3) 572 (4) 472
T X L
Common Data for Q. 28 to Q 32.
+ X T L
Given - B A N A
A L T
+N A N A
where L stands for ‘7’.
Q B P B
15. So, X stands for. where A = 3 and Q = 8. Now, find the values of the following:-
(1) 2 (2) 7
(3) 4 (4) 3 28. 2B.
16. A L T stands for (1) 12 (2) 42
(1) 467 (2) 427 (3) 32 (4) 16
(3) 497 (4) 437 29. 6P.
17. T A X is represented by which of the following (1) 48 (2) 36
numbers ? (3) 24 (4) 12
(1) 426 (2) 436 30. N2 .
(1) 16 (2) 4
(3) 476 (4) 674
(3) 1 (4) 9
18. What is the third multiple of the sum of the second
31. P × Q.
row ? (1) 42 (2) 64
(1) 13 (2) 39 (3) 4 (4) 32
(3) 26 (4) 52 32. Product of all the integers of BANANA.
DIRECTIONS (Q. 19 to Q. 23): (1) 6888 (2) 3888
In the following subtraction, each letter denotes a different (3) 7888 (4) 5998
integer. Each letter stands for the same integer throughout. 33. Given T A R
If ‘O’ stands for 2, B for ‘4’, L is neither prime nor composite
and T, H & Y are prime numbers. +R A T E
B O T H 4 4 4 4
-O N L Y Find out which number from the following stands for TEA.
O O O O (1) 103 (2) 130
(3) 310 (4) 413
Cryptography A-205

Exercise
DIRECTIONS (Q. 1 to Q. 7): 11. What is the sum total of C A B ?
In the following multiplication, each of the letters denote a (1) 12 (2) 14
different integer. Each letter stands for the same integer (3) 16 (4) 20
throughout where ‘A’ stands for ‘2’ and ‘E’ stands for 6. 12. What is the product of B & D ?
(1) 24 (2) 32
B A A (3) 16 (4) 28
´ C A 13. What is the sum of C A B and P Q ?
D A D (1) 429 (2) 662
E C E ´ (3) 682 (4) 702
E F G D 14. What is the square of sum of P and Q ?
(1) 169 (2) 121
(3) 16 (4) 196
1. What is the value of C ?
(1) 4 (2) 2 Commons data for Q. 15 to Q. 22 :
(3) 3 (4) 6 Given -
2. What is the value of F ?
(1) 9 (2) 8 M N P
(3) 3 (4) 7
´ P N
3. What is the sum total of B A D ?
(1) 16 (2) 14 S Q N
(3) 7 (4) 9 N Q Q P ´
4. Which of the following numbers stand for C A B ?
N P M A N
(1) 467 (2) 324
(3) 627 (4) 321
5. Which of the following stand for D E A F ? 15. What is the possible value of P ?
(1) 6784 (2) 4627 (1) 1 (2) 5
(3) 3247 (4) 3216
(3) 6 (4) Cannot be determined.
6. What is the value of B2 × D3 ?
(1) 16 (2) 64 Now, if ‘P’ stands for 6, ‘M’ for 4 and ‘Q’ for 5, then answer the
(3) 8 (4) 256 following :-
7. What is the final product ? 16. What is the value of A ?
(1) 4624 (2) 6364 (1) 1 (2) 4
(3) 6784 (4) 4246
(3) 2 (4) 6
Commons data for Q. 8 to Q. 14 : 17. What is the difference between S and Q ?
Given that - (1) 2 (2) 3
(3) 5 (4) 8
A B C
18. What is the difference between the squares of Q and
´ P Q
A?
B M M A (1) 36 (2) 12
E Q D A ´ (3) 24 (4) 48
A P D E A 19. What is the difference between the sums of M and S and P
and A ?
where ‘A’ stands for ‘2’. ‘Q’ stands for ‘8’, ‘M’ stands for (1) 10 (2) 15
‘9’ and B & C are even numbers, C being greater than (3) 25 (4) 5
B.
20. What is the value of N ?
8. What is sum of B & C ? (1) 9 (2) 2
(1) 7 (2) 11 (3) 3 (4) 7
(3) 10 (4) 9 21. What is the difference between the numbers M N P and P N ?
9. Which of the following stands for BEAM ? (1) 564 (2) 764
(1) 7293 (2) 4129 (3) 364 (4) 164
(3) 4992 (4) 8962 22. S P A M stands for :
10. Which of the following stand for D A M P ? (1) 2641 (2) 8641
(1) 4992 (2) 4129
(3) 5641 (4) 3641
(3) 7293 (4) 8962
 EBD_7042
A-206 Mental Ability Test (MAT)
Common data for Q. 23 to Q. 31 28. IfA2 = B, then A + B is :
Given (1) 8 (2) 6
(3) 4 (4) 2
A A A 29. If A2 = B, then B – A is :
+ A A (1) 8 (2) 2
A B B (3) 4 (4) 6
30. If A2 = B, then A × B is :
Now answer the following : (1) 2 (2) 1
23. If A = 4 , then B = ? (3) 8 (4) 4
31. If A2 = B, then A ¸ B is :
(1) 4 (2) 8
(1) 0.25 (2) 2
(3) 6 (4) 10 (3) 0.5 (4) 1
24. If B ³ 5, what could be a possible value of B ? 32. In the following multiplication, each of the different letter
(1) 0 (2) 8 denotes a different integer. Each letter stands for the same
(3) 6 (4) 6 or 8 integer through out. If ‘B’ stands for 6 and ‘E’ stands for 8,
then what is the difference between ‘F’ and ‘D’ ?
25. If B £ 5, what is the possible value of B ?
(1) 2 (2) 4 A B C
(3) 2 or 4 (4) 0, 2 or 4 ´ D E
26. If A is a multiple of 2, what could be the value of B ? A C F B
(1) 0 (2) 8 E A G 0
(3) 4 (4) 4 or 8 F H F B
27. If A is a multiple of 3. What is the possible value of B ?
(1) 2 (2) 4
(1) 9 (2) 6 (3) 6 (4) 8
(3) 3 (4) 2

&
Exercise -1 6. (1) P O A R should be a combination of the numbers 4, 5, 1 & 3.
Thus option (1) 4513 is the answer. As it is given that
Solutions 1 to 7: 0 = 5.
For simplicity, let us replace all the Ps with 4 as P = 4 (given). 7. (2) P = 4 and Q = 2. So, when P ¸ Q = 4 ¸ 2, remainder is 0. Thus
option (2) is the answer.
M N O 4
Solutions 8 to 14:
+A Q R 4
For simplicity, let us replace all the Cs with 9, as C = 9 (given)
Z Z Z Z
A B 9 D
As 4 + 4 = Z that means Z = 4 + 4 = 8. Now, replacing all Zs by 8. +S R O P
9 9 9 9
M N O 4
+A Q R 4 8. (3) Since A is a prime number smaller than 3. As 1 is neither a
8 8 8 8 prime number nor a composite number and 0 is just a non negative
number. Thus A = 2, option (3).
1. (3) Z=8 9. (1) As A + S = C, i.e., A + S = 9 and A = 2. Therefore, S = 7.
2. (4) If N > 5, then N can either be 6 or 7 or 8, but Z = 8. So, N = 10. (4) C = 9, A = 2 but value for R is unknown. Thus the number for
6 or 7. Hence option (4). C A R cannot be determined.
3. (4) When N = 6 and M > N, then M = 7. But since the value of R As A = 2, R < 5 where R is a prime number, the only option
has no relation with the values of either M or N, therefore, the available is R = 3.
value of R cannot be determined with the given information. Thus 11. (2) S, C, A & R are denoted by 7, 9, 2 and 3 respectively, the
option (4) is the answer. representation for the word S C A R should be a combination of 7,
4. (2) As N = 6, M = 7. Therefore, A = Z – M = 8 – 7 = 1. Therefore, 9, 2, & 3. Thus option (2) 2973 is the answer.
option (2). 12. (2) S O A P ® 7021. As 9 + O = 9, so O = 0
5. (2) M = 7, A = 1 and N = 6. Therefore, the numbers that stand and P = C – D = 9 – 8 = 1.
for M A N have to be a combination of 7, 1 and 6. Therefore, 13. (4) B ¸ O = 6 ¸ 0 = ¥ because any integer divide by 0
option (2) 716 is the answer. is ¥.
Cryptography A-207
14. (2) Row 1 means A B C D. Sum of all integers means 28. (1) 2 × 6 = 12.
A + B + C + D = 25. 29. (3) 6 × 4 = 24.
Solutions 15 to 18: 30. (2) N2 = 22 = 4.
T X 7 31. (4) P × Q = 4 × 8 = 32
+X T 7 32. (2) B × A × N × A × N × A = 6 × 3 × 2 × 3 × 2 × 3 = 3888.
A 7 T 33. (1)
T A R
As the first column is the sum of two 7s, i.e., 7 + 7 = 14. So T = 4 +R A T E
and 1 is carried over. Therefore, now 1 + X + T = L = 7 and since 4 4 4 4
T = 4 X = L – T – 1 = 7– 4 – 1 = 2.
Thus A = T + X = 4 + 2 = 6. As we see, at the Thousand’s place R = 4. Therefore, at the unit’s
place R + E = 4 Þ E = 0.
15. (1) X = 2.
Now, at Ten’s and Hundred’s place A + T = 4, so if A = 1 then T =3
16. (1) A L T = 467 (jumbled up)
and if A = 3 then T = 1.
17. (1) T A X = 426 (jumbled up)
Thus the word T E A has to be either 301 or 103. Thus option (1)
18. (2) Sum of second row = X + T + L = 13. 103 since that is one of the options.
Third multiple of 13 = 39.
Solutions 19 to 23: Exercise - 2
For simplicity, we substitute O with 2 and B with 4. Since L is
Solutions 1 to 7:
neither prime nor composite, thus L = 1.
As A = 2 & E = 6.
4 2 T H
-2 N 1 Y 2 B 2
2 2 2 2 ´ C 2
D 2 D
O – N = O, i.e., 2 – N = 2, So N = 0.
6 C 6 ´
As T, H & Y are prime numbers they will take values 3, 5,
6 F G D
or 7.
19. (2) BOON = 4220
In first multiplication
20. (3) As T – 1 = 2 Þ T = 3. Thus TOON = 3202 (jumbled up)
2 × 2 = D = 4 and 2 × B = 2 (unit digit) so B can be either 1 or 6, if it is
21. (1) As H > Y and both H & Y are prime numbers, so H = 7 & Y 6, then the product is 2 × 6 = 12, where 1 is a carry over but, at the
= 5 Thus the number for T H Y is 375. Hundred’s place also 2 × 2 = 4. Thus 2 × B =2 and not 12 where B = 1.In
22. (3) Product of B, Y & T = 4 × 5 × 3 = 60. Second multiple of 60 second multiplication.
= 120. C × 2 = 6 so C is either 3 or 8, if it C = 8, then the Ten’s place multiplication
23. (4) Product of H, N, L & T = 7 × 0 × 1 × 3 = 0. Fifth would have become B × C + 1 = 1 × C + 1, but it remains 1 × C = C, thus
multiple = 0 C = 3.
Solutions 24 to 27 : As A = 2 and N = 3. Therefore,

B 2 3 2
2 1 2
+3 2 3 2
´ 3 2
V L W L
4 2 4
2 + 2 = L = 4 and 3 + 3 = W = 6. 6 3 6 ´
24. (2) If V is a prime number, it can hold the values 2, 3, 5 or 7. As 6 7 8 4
A = 2, N = 3 and if V = 5, then B will be 2 which is not possible.
Hence, V = 7 thus B = 4. 1. (3) 3.
25. (3) V = 7. 2. (4) 7.
26. (2) B + A + N + A + N + A = 4 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 2 = 16 3. (3) 7.
27. (2) V × L × W × L = 7 × 4 × 6 × 4 = 672. 4. (4) 321.
Solutions 28 - 32: 5. (2) 4627.
Here A = 3 and Q = 8. 6. (2) 64.
7. (3) E F G D = 6 7 8 4.
B 3 N 3
Solutions 8 to 14:
+N 3 N 3
8 B P B Here A = 2, Q = 8, M = 9 and B & C are even number where C > B.
So, B & C can be either 4, 6 or 0 as 2 and 8 are the values of A & Q
As, 3 + 3 = B = 6, N = 8 – B = 8 – 6 = 2. So, P = N + N = 4. respectively.
 EBD_7042
A-208 Mental Ability Test (MAT)
20. (2) The only possible values of N can be 2, 3, 7 and 9. Putting each
C 2 B
value and multiplying it for the first row, we get N = 2.
´ P 8
21. (3) M N P 4 2 6
B 9 9 2
- P N - 6 2
+E 8 D 2 ´ =
3 6 4
2 P D E 2

From the given cryptogram, we can see that B ¹ 0 as 22. (2) S P AM ¾¾

® 8641
B × 8 = 2.
Solutions 23 to 31 :-
Therefore, B = 4 and C = 6.
And as 9 + 2 = 11 where 1 is a carry over E = 1. A A A
+ A A
6 2 4
A B B
´ P 8
4 9 9 2 which means no carry over, thus A will be smaller than 5 and hence
1 8 D 2 ´ B will be smaller than 9.
2 P D 1 2 23. (2) B = A + A = 8.
24. (4) If B ³ 5, then B = 6 or 8 as B = 2A.
As carry over 1 + 9 + D = D, the sum 10 + D cannot exceed 20.
Thus the next carry over will be 1. So, carry over 25. (3) If B £ 5, then B = 0, 2 or 4 but B cannot be 0, so B = 2 or 4.
1 + 4 + 8 = 13 where 1 is a carry over to next place. Thus the value 26. (4) If A = 2 B = 4 & if A = 4, B = 8. Therefore, B = 4 or 8.
of P = 3. And thus D = 7. 27. (2) If A = 3, then B = 6
8. (3) B + C = 4 + 6 = 10. 28. (2) If A2 = B and given that B = A + A = 2A
9. (2) B E A M ® 4 1 2 9. then A2 = 2A Þ A2 – 2 A = 0
10. (3) D A M P ® 7 2 9 3. A (A – 2) = 0
11. (1) C + A + B = 12. therefore, A = 0 or 2
12. (4) B × D = 28. Since, A cannot be 0, thus A = 2 & B = 2A = 4
1
13. (2) C A B 6 2 4 So, A + B = 2 + 4 = 6
+ P Q + 3 8 29. (2) B–A=4–2=2
= 6 6 2 30. (3) A×B=2×4=8
14. (2) (P + Q)2 = (3 + 8)2 = (11)2 = 121.
1
15. (4) Cannot be determined because of insufficient data. 31. (3) A¸B=2¸4= = 0.5
2
16 Onwards
32. (2) Given that B = 6 and E = 8
P = 6, M = 4 and Q = 5.

4 N 6 A 6 C
´ 6 N ´ D 8
S 5 N A C F 6
+N 5 5 6 ´ 8 A G 0
N 6 4 A N F H F 6

Where A = 5 + 6 = 11 so A = 1 & carry over 1 + S + 5 = 14, As at the Thousand’s place A + 8 = F, there is no carry over, thus
So S = 8 the value of A can either be 0 or 1, but 0 will make it a 3-digit
number. Hence, the value of A = 1 and thus that of F = 9. Also, in
Therefore,
the first multiplication, E × C = B, i.e., 8 × C = 6, So ‘C’ can either
be 2 or 7. By hit and trial, we find that C = 2. Therefore,
4 N 6
´ 6 N 1 6 2
8 5 N ´ D 8
+N 5 5 6 ´ 1 2 9 6
N 6 4 1 N +8 1 G 0
9 H 9 6
16. (1) A = 1.
17. (2) S – Q = 8 – 5 = 3.
As 9 + G = 9, therefore, G should be ‘0’ which can be obtained
18. (3) Q2 – A2 = 52 – 12 = 25 – 1 = 24. when D = 5, thus the difference between D & F is
19. (4) (M + S) – (P + A) = (4 + 8) – (6 + 1) = 12 – 7 = 5. F – D = 9 – 5 = 4.