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COMPLETE ROAD MAP FOR MASTERING

CSS PAKISTAN AFFAIRS
BY SYED NOOR HUSSAIN (PAS, CSS 2020)

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF PAKISTAN

• Basic Geography of Pakistan (Borders, Rivers, Mountain Ranges, Provinces & Units)
• Natural Resources of Pakistan (Minerals, Forests, Water Resources )
• People of Pakistan (Languages, Ethnic groups, Cultural Heritage )

PRE INDEPENDENCE HISTORY

o Pre 1857 History of Pakistan (Prepare Briefly)

▪ Indus Valley Civilization (3000-1300BC)
▪ Muhammad bin Qasim (712 AD)
▪ Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi (999-1030 AD)
▪ Shahabuddin Ghori (1202-1206 AD)
▪ Slave Dynasty (1206-1290 AD)
• Qutubuddin Aibak, Sultan Ilttumish, Razia Sultana etc
▪ Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320)
• Jalaludin Khilji, Alaudin Khilji etc
▪ Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1413 AD)
• Ghiyasudin Tughlaq, Muhammad Shah Tughlaq etc
▪ Syed Dynasty (1414-1451 AD)
• Khizr Khan, Mubarik Shah etc
▪ Lodhi Dynasty (1451-1526 AD)
• Bahlol Lodhi, Sikander Lodhi etc
▪ Mughal Dynasty (1526-1707)
• Babur, Hamayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, Aurengzeb
▪ Growth of Muslim society in the subcontinent
▪ Role of Sufis in spreading Islam in the subcontinent
▪ Causes of the Downfall of Mughals and Muslims in the Sub Continent
▪ British Ascendency in the Sub Continent
• East India Company, Battle of Plassey 1757, Battle of Panipat 1761,
Battle of Buxar 1764, Anglo Mysore wars (1767-99), Anglo Sikh Wars
(1845-49), Anglo Marhatta Wars (1775-1818), Doctrine of Lapse
o Muslim Reform Movements
▪ Sheikh Ahmed Sirhindi/ Mujadid Alf Saani
▪ Shah Wali Ullah
▪ Syed Ahmed Shaheed
▪ Darul Uloom Deoband Movement
▪ Nadwat-ul-Ullama

Complete Road Map for Mastering CSS Pakistan Affairs

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▪ Islamia College Peshawar

▪ Sindh Madrassa
▪ Role of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and Aligarh Movement
o War of Independence 1857 - Independence of Pakistan 1947
▪ War of Independence 1857
▪ Partition of Bengal 1905
▪ Simla Deputation and Formation of Muslim League 1906
▪ Minto Morley Reforms 1909
▪ Lucknow Pact 1916
▪ Khilafat Movement 1918
▪ Rowlatt Act and Jalianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
▪ Government of India Act 1919
▪ Delhi Muslim Proposals 1927
▪ Simon Commission 1927
▪ Nehru Report 1928
▪ Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s 14 points 1929
▪ Allama Iqbal’s Address at Allahabad 1930
▪ Round Table Conferences 1930-1932
▪ Government of India Act 1935
▪ Elections and Congress Ministries 1937
▪ Lahore Resolution 1940
▪ Two Nation Theory and Ideology of Pakistan
▪ Cripps Mission 1942
▪ Jinnah Gandhi Talks 1944
▪ Wavell Plan and Shimla Conference 1945
▪ Cabinet Mission Plan 1946
▪ 3rd June Plan / Mountbatten Plan 1947
▪ Radcliffe award 1947

POST-INDEPENDENCE: POLITICAL HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF PAKISTAN

o Phase I: 1947-1956
o Phase II: 1956-1973
o Phase III: 1973- Contemporary

CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF PAKISTAN

o Evolution of Democracy in Pakistan: 1947-Contemporary

o Objectives Resolution 1949
o Comparison of 1956, 1962 and 1973 constitution
o Salient features of 1973 Constitution
o General overview of Amendments in the Constitution of Pakistan
o Important Judicial Decisions in Pakistan’s History
o Features of 18th Amendment
o Federalism & its Structure: Centre Province Relations, Legislative Lists, Role of
Council of Common Interests CCI, National Economic Council NEC, NFC Award

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o Parliamentary System of Pakistan: Structure, Composition and Functioning

FOREIGN POLICY OF PAKISTAN

• Historical development of Foreign Policy of Pakistan (1947 to Contemporary)

• Relations with other countries: History and Current Dynamics (India, US, Afghanistan, Iran,
China, EU, Saudi Arabia, Russia, Turkey)
• Geopolitical & Geostrategic Importance of Pakistan
• Geoeconomic Importance of Pakistan (TAPI, IP Pipeline, CPEC, CASA 1000, APTTA, QTTA,
Gwadar, Persian Gulf)
• Challenges to National Security and Sovereignty of Pakistan
• National Interest of Pakistan
• Territorial Disputes of Pakistan
• Nuclear Program of Pakistan: History, Importance, Deterrence and Posture

SPECIFIC FOREIGN POLICY CHALLENGES

• US India Strategic Partnership

• India’s Look East Policy
• Kashmir Issue
• Palestine Issue
• FATF
• IMF
• US withdrawal from Afghanistan
• Middle East

PAKISTAN AS PART OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

• OIC, SAARC, D8, ECO, UN , SCO

• Pakistan’s stance on UN Security Council expansion

INTERNAL CHALLENGES AND DYNAMICS FACED BY PAKISTAN

o Education
o Energy Sector Issues
o Major Social Problems of Pakistan (Public Health, Sanitation, Urbanization, Crime,
Poverty)
o Digitalization and Information Technology in Pakistan
o Role of Media: Mainstream and Social Media
o Hybrid Warfare: 5th Generation Warfare
o Use of Natural Resources in Pakistan
o Local Governments in Pakistan and Devolution of Powers
o Corruption and Accountability
o Issue of Good Governance
o Political Culture and Democracy in Pakistan
o Electoral Reforms in Pakistan
o Judicial system and Judiciary in Pakistan

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o Federalism in Pakistan & Centre Province Relations: Challenges and Future

o Tourism
o Population
o Agriculture sector
o Climate Change
o COVID 19: Challenge and Impacts
o Water Crisis
o Hydropolitics: Domestic and Regional Context (Indus Waters Treaty, India,
Afghanistan)
o Economy of Pakistan
o Civil Military Relations
o Poverty Alleviation and human development
o Women Empowerment
o Militancy, Major Internal Security Challenges and Role of Non State Actors
o Non Traditional Security Threats
o Proxy Wars and Role of External Actors
o National Integration and Ethnicity
o Demand for New Provinces
o FATA Merger and 25th Constitutional Amendment
o NFC Award

Complete Road Map for Mastering CSS Pakistan Affairs