I) Ideology of Pakistan

definition and elucidation, historical

aspects:
 Beside ideology which factors were responsible for the creation of
Pakistan? (CSS 1988, 1990)
 Causes of Muslim separatism. (CSS 1991, 1996)
 Ideological foundations of “Two-Nations Theory“. (CSS 2002,
2003)
 Elucidate Ideology of Pakistan. What are the reasons which
contributed for the development of two-nation-theory? Is two-
nation-theory relevant after the fall of Dacca? (CSS 2007)
 Muslims Nationalism in subcontinent evolved gradually. (CSS 1988)
 Muslims preserving their faith, culture & separate entity since they
set their foot in the sub-continent. ( CSS 1992)
 “The Simla Deputation, 1906 laid the foundation for the
creation of Pakistan” Substantiate your view point with solid
arguments. (CSS 2014)
 Evolution of Muslim society in the subcontinent from 1206-1526
A.D. (CSS 2000, 2001, 2002)
 Role and efforts of Muslim religious leaders for the
establishment of Muslim society in the subcontinent.( CSS
2003,2007)
 Separation of East Pakistan, though a tragic part of history of
Pakistan, was not the negation of two nation theory“. Comment
(CSS 2015)
 Highlight the factors which played significant role in the evolution
and growth of Muslim Society in Sub Continent? (CSS 2014)
 Briefly describe the genuine factors which were responsible for the
demand of separate homeland by the Muslims of the Sub
Continent (CSS 2014)
 Muslim rule in the Sub-Continent, its downfall and efforts for
Renaissance.
 Downfall of Muslim rule in subcontinent in 18th century. (CSS
1988, 1995, 1999, 2004, 2005)
 War of Independence 1857 and its effects. (CSS 1993)
 Impact of Muslim rule on social conditions in subcontinent. (CSS
1995)
Describe the most notable feature of Muslims in India in the light of
their monothestic religion and egalitarian social structure. (CSS 2006)
Critically analyze the elections of 1937 and the sufferings and
grievances of the Muslims under the Congress rule in the provinces
(1937-1939). How much did it help in popularizing the idea of a separate
Muslim state in India? (CSS 2016)
Khilafat Movement was emotional movement”. Discuss (CSS 2015)
“It was over-reaction of Hindus to the partition of the Bengal in 1905 that
widened the gulf between Muslims and Hindus”. Comment (CSS 2015)

Movements for reforms—

Shaikh Ahmad Sarhindi,
Shah Waliullah,
Sayyid Ahmad Shaheed,
Aligarh,
Deoband,
Nadwah, and other educational institutions——-
Sindh Madrassah and Islamia College Peshawar.
The Aligarh Movement was a pure educational venture but it had deep
impacts on Indian politics. Discuss.(CSS 2016)
Shahwalliullah’s efforts for the revival of Muslim rule in India. (CSS
1989, 1994, 1997, 1999, 2001 , 2016)
Impact of the movements of reform__ Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi,
Shahwlliullah, Aligarh, Deoband, Nadwa __ on muslims of
subcontinent. (CSS 1991 ,1994 ,2009)
Ulemas of Nadwa attempted to make a synthesis of Westernism
/Modernism of Aligarh and Conservation of Deoband. (CSS 1998,2002)
Aligarh Movement brought about a renaissance amongst the Indian
Muslims. (CSS 1995, 1999, 2004, 2008)
Political objectives of Aligarh Movement. (CSS 2001)
Khilafat Movement. (CSS 1989, 1996, 2004)
Contribution of fraizi movement in the life of Muslims in the sub-
continent. (CSS 2005)
The Deoband School stood for “definite religio- political goals with
limited sphere of influence.(CSS 2007)
Influence of Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi has left on the history of Muslims
of India. (CSS 2008)
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan’s endeavors to make Muslims psychologically
adjusted to the new environment. (CSS 1990,1992)

Steps initiated by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan which later on became the
agenda points of the movement for Pakistan? (CSS 2009)

Contribution of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan towards the growth of Muslim

Nationalism. (CSS 1989)

Sir Syed Ahmed Khan had forseen two nations, Muslims & Hindus. (CSS
1993)
Why Sir Syed advanced to the Indian Muslims to eschew politics. (CSS
2002)

“Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was in no way pro-British.” Agree or disagree,

answer with arguments. (CSS 2015)

Evaluate the impact of the services rendered by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
towards the regeneration of the Muslims? (CSS 2014)

Ideology of Pakistan in the light of Speeches and statements of Allama

Iqbal and Quaid- i Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

Jinnah in his Presidential Address to the annual session of All India Muslim
League in March 1940 said. “The problem in India is not of an inter-
communal character, but manifestly of an international one, and it must
be treated as such.” Write note on the Two Nation Theory and the Lahore
Resolution of March 1940 in the light of this statement. (CSS 2016)

Evaluate Quaid-e-Azam’s 14 points. (CSS 1996, 1997)

Compare & contrast the Nehru report & Quaid-e-Azam’s 14 points. (CSS
1996, 2001)

Importance of Quaid e Azam’s leadership in achieving a separate

homeland OR achievements of Quaid. (CSS 1998, 1999)

Assess the account for the problems which Quaid-e-Azam had to face as
Governor General of Pakistan. (CSS 2006)

What type of political system the Quaid had visualised for Pakistan. (CSS
1990)

Political sagacity of Quaid-e-Azam. (CSS 1991)

Constitutionalism, elementary part of Quaid-e-Azam’s political character.

(CSS 1992)

Illustrate the role of Quaid-e-Azam for protecting the constitutional rights

of Muslims of the subcontinent from 1916-1933? (CSS 2009)
II) Land and people of Pakistan
Geography, Society, Natural resources, Agriculture, Industry and
education with reference to characteristics, trends and problems.

Enumerate the measures adopted by HEC for promotion of higher

education and qualitative research in Pakistan. (CSS 2017)

 Short Note: Geo-Political position of Pakistan. (CSS 2003)

 Define and explain the geographic inertia and its role in the
development of Pakistan (CSS 2005)
 Political map of Pakistan is the outcome of its geo-strategic
location. Give a reasoned account for the statement. (CSS
2006)
Political map of Pakistan is the outcome of its geo-strategic location. Give
a reasoned account for the statement. (CSS 2006)

Geographical features & natural resources of Pakistan. (CSS 1993)

Impact of Pakistan’s geography on its socio-economic patterns. (CSS

1996)

Use of natural resources, agriculture, industrial manpower, and export &

import to turn Pakistan in a rich country. (CSS 1988)

Main sources of energy in Pakistan. Their use in development. (CSS 1990,

1997)

Main obstacles in the way of developing our energy resources. Solutions?

(CSS 1992)

What do you know about water crisis in Pakistan solution? (CSS 2004)

Indus Water treaty. (CSS 1997)

The development of water resources in the Indus Basin. (CSS 2005)

The government measures to improve the agricultural productivity in the

light of introducing new irrigation projects. (CSS 2006)
In spite of strong research base, rich lands, reasonable water resources
and various land reforms why agriculture remained less developed in
Pakistan? (CSS 2009)

Account for the initial concentration of agro based industry in the

manufacturing belt of Pakistan.(CSS 2005)

What are the problems of industrialization in Pakistan? (CSS 2002, 2008)

Describe the distribution of Iron and Steel industry of Pakistan. Evaluate

its role in the industrial development of the country. (CSS 2006)

Pakistan can become one of the richest countries of the world, if we make
best use of our natural resources.” Elaborate in the light of present
situation of the Country (CSS 2014)

“Population explosion in Pakistan is emerging as the greatest threat to the

economy of Pakistan”. Comment (CSS 2014)

The location of Pakistan has given the strategic strength to the State.
What are its physical features and narrate its advantages and dis-
advantages (CSS 2012)

III) Pakistan and Changing Regional

Apparatus
IV) Nuclear Program of Pakistan, its
Safety and Security; International
Concerns
V) Regional Cooperation Organizations (SAARC,ECO,SCO) and the Role of
Pakistan

Explore the significance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) for

Pakistan. (CSS 2017)
VI) Civil-Military Relations in Pakistan
VII) Economic Challenges in Pakistan
VIII) Non-Traditional Security Threats in
Pakistan: Role of Non-State Actors
Write note on the Afghan War since 1979 and its impacts on Pakistan.
How far the emergence of the “Non-State Actors” and Non-Traditional
Security Threats in Pakistan can be attributed to the decades-long warfare
in Afghanistan? (CSS 2016)

IX) Pakistan’s Role in the Region

CPEC is a flagship project of One Belt One Road (OBOR) and a regional
game changer. Explain. (CSS 2017)

X) The Palestine Issue

XI) Changing Security Dynamics for
Pakistan: Challenges to National Security
of Pakistan
XII) Political Evolution Since 1971
XIII) Pakistan and US War on Terror
Pakistan’s role in the war against terrorism. (CSS 2004,2009 , 2015)

XIV) Foreign Policy of Pakistan Post 9/11

Write note on the post 9/11 foreign policy of Pakistan. What role do you
foresee for Pakistan in regional and global politics in the near future?
(CSS 2016)
XV) Evolution of Democratic System in
Pakistan
How general elections in 2002, 2008 and 2013 strengthened democracy
in Pakistan. (CSS-2017)

XVI) Ethnic Issues and National

Integration
Pakistan’s national culture reflects unity in diversity. Elaborate. (CSS
2017)

Was Islamization during Zia Era a need of the time, or was it Political
propaganda? (CSS 2015)

Briefly discuss the main features of the cultural heritage of Pakistan.

(CSS-2015)

XVII) Hydro Politics; Water Issues in

Domestic and Regional Context
“The twentieth century witnessed the war for oil. The twenty-first century
will witness the war for water”. Examine the practical implications of this
statement on situation of Pakistan. (CSS 2013)

What do you know about Water Crisis in Pakistan? Also suggest concrete
steps for its solution. (CSS 2004)

Using as much evidence as possible, outline a case for the development of

water resources in the Indus Basin. Examine also polity in this
phenomenon. (CSS 2005)

“The twentieth century witnessed the war for oil. The twenty-first century
will witness the war for water”. Examine the practical implications of this
statement on situation of Pakistan. (CSS 2013)
XVIII) Pakistan’s National Interest
XIX) Challenges to Sovereignty
XX) Pakistan’s Energy Problems and
their Effects
Explore the option of alternative energy resource to overcome energy
crisis in Pakistan. (CSS 2017)

XXI) Pakistan’s Relations with Neighbors

excluding India
XXII) Pakistan and India Relations Since
1947
XXIII) The Kashmir Issue
Discuss the Kashmir problem in its entirety; throwing light on its
background and prospects of possible solutions to this core issue between
India and Pakistan. (CSS 2016)

Short Note: Kashmir conflict. (CSS 2001)

The Indian Policy on Kashmir is caught on the horns of a dilemma and

that dilemma is that if it accepts the verdict of the people, it has to vacate
the territory of state of Junagarh, Manavadhar, Mangrol, Hyderabad etc.
Explain. (CSS 2002)

The so-called ‘Instrument of Accession’ of Bharat with Kashmir “is

fraudulent and impossible to accept” as it is “based on violence”. In the
light of the Quaid-e-Azams statement makes a comparison and
correlation of the Slate of Jammu and Kashmir with the State of
Junagadh, Manavadhar, Mangrol, Sardargarh, Bantva and Hyderabad etc.
(CSS 2003)
XXIV) The war in Afghanistan since
1979 and its impact on, and challenges to
Pakistan in the Post 2014 era.
XXV) Proxy Wars: Role of External
Elements
XXVI) Economic Conditions of Pakistan,
the Most Recent Economic Survey, the
Previous and Current Budgets, and the
Problems and Performance of Major
Sectors of Economy.
XXVII) The Recent Constitutional and
Legal Debates, the Latest Constitutional
Amendments and Important Legislations,
Legal Cases and the Role of Higher
Courts.
Discuss the role of judiciary in the constitutional development of Pakistan.
(CSS 2017)

Give a critical appraisal of the constitutional crisis during the period of

Governor General Ghulam Mohammad. Write its effects on the
subsequent history of Pakistan. (CSS 2000)

Short Note: The salient features of the Constitution of 1956. (CSS 2000)
The Constitution of Pakistan (1973) is the “mouth piece of Islam”.
Discuss. (CSS 2008)

Illustrate the role of Quaid-e-Azam for protecting the constitutional rights

of Muslims of the subcontinent from 1916-1933? (CSS 2009)

Give a critical appraisal of the constitutional crises/crises initiated by the

controversial actions taken by Governor General Ghulam Muhammad and
endorsed by the superior Court of Pakistan. Discuss and analyze its
effects on the subsequent history of Pakistan. (CSS 2011)

Federalism has been a continuing cause of political tension in our country.

Will the 18th amendment made in the constitution by the present
Government solve this issue for all? Take a position and support with your
argument. (CSS 2011)

XXVIII) The Prevailing Social Problems

of Pakistan and the Strategies to Deal with
Them, Poverty, Education, Health and
Sanitation.
Unemployment in Pakistan. (CSS 2000)

Corruption in Pakistan. (CSS 2000)

Population growth as a factor conditioning our social & economic

development /Effects of population growth. (CSS 1992 ,2001)

Low literacy rates in Pakistan. (CSS 1995,1999)

Implications of privatized education in Pakistan. (CSS 1996)

Critically examine Education system of Pakistan. (CSS 1999)

Problems of Educational System in Pakistan. (CSS 2003)