DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS SOLVED

PROBLEMS (Earl D. Rainville and Phillip E.

Bedient 7th Edition)

o INSPECTION (1-27)
o DETERMINATION OF INTEGRATING FACTOR (1-14)

Prepared by:
JOSHUA JAY E. JETOMO
BSCE
SOLVED PROBLEMS IN INSPECTION
 SOLVED PROBLEMS IN INSPECTION
TIPS WHEN INSPECTING: ₁ Expand the equation if needed ₂ Check the signs (+
mostly means a d(product); while – d(quotient) ₃ Check for constants; try using partial
integration (e.g. ∫ 𝐶1 𝑥𝑑𝑦𝑥=𝑘(𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡) ) to determine where these constants fall to ₄ Be
familiar with some non-elementary integrations (e.g. d(sin−1 𝑥)) ₅ Try solving these
problems from the book first and then check if we have the same solution or you found
another way. Practice is a must.

1) 𝒚(𝟐𝒙𝒚 + 𝟏)𝒅𝒙 − 𝒙𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎 * FINAL ANSWER

2𝑥𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0
1
[2𝑥𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0](𝑦 2)
(𝑦𝑑𝑥−𝑥𝑑𝑦)
2𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ( )=0
𝑦2
𝑥
2𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑 (𝑦) = 0
𝑥
2 ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑑 (𝑦) = ∫ 0
𝑥
𝑥2 + 𝑦 = 𝑐
𝑥
[𝑥 2 + 𝑦 = 𝑐] (𝑦)

𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑐
𝒙(𝒙𝒚 + 𝟏) = 𝒄
2) 𝒚(𝒚𝟑 − 𝒙)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒚𝟑 + 𝒙)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑦 4 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0
−𝑥(𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑦 3 (𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) = 0
1
[−𝑥(𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑦 3 (𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) = 0] ( 3 )
𝑦
𝑥 𝑦𝑑𝑥−𝑥𝑑𝑦
− (𝑦 ) [ ] + (𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) = 0
𝑦2
𝑥 𝑥
− ∫ 𝑦 𝑑 (𝑦) + ∫ 𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) = ∫ 0
𝑥 2
( ) 𝑐
𝑦
−( ) + 𝑥𝑦 = 2
2

𝑥 2
( ) 𝑐
𝑦
[− ( ) + 𝑥𝑦 = 2] (2𝑦 2 )
2

2𝑥𝑦 3 − 𝑥 2 = 𝑐𝑦 2
3) (𝒙𝟑 𝒚𝟑 + 𝟏)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙𝟒 𝒚𝟐 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑥 3 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 4 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥 3 𝑦 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑑𝑥 = 0
1
[𝑥 3 𝑦 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑑𝑥 = 0](𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
(𝑥𝑦)2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + =0
𝑥
𝑑𝑥
∫(𝑥𝑦)2 𝑑(𝑥𝑦) + ∫ 𝑥
= ∫0
𝑥3𝑦3 −ln (𝑐)
( 3
) + ln(𝑥 ) = 3
 𝑥 3𝑦3 −ln (𝑐)
[( 3
) + ln(𝑥 ) = 3
]3

𝑥 3 𝑦 3 + 3 ln(𝑥 ) = −3 ln(𝑐 )
𝑥 3 𝑦 3 = −3 ln(𝑐 ) − 3 ln(𝑥 )
𝒙𝟑 𝒚𝟑 = −𝟑 𝐥𝐧(𝒄𝒙)
4) 𝟐𝒕𝒅𝒔 + 𝒔(𝟐 + 𝒔𝟐 𝒕)𝒅𝒕 = 𝟎
2𝑡𝑑𝑠 + 2𝑠𝑑𝑡 + 𝑠 3 𝑡𝑑𝑡 = 0
2(𝑡𝑑𝑠 + 𝑠𝑑𝑡) + 𝑠 3 𝑡𝑑𝑡 = 0
1
[2(𝑡𝑑𝑠 + 𝑠𝑑𝑡) + 𝑠 3 𝑡𝑑𝑡 = 0](𝑠3 𝑡 3 )
2𝑑𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑡
∫ (𝑠𝑡)3 + ∫ 𝑡 2 = ∫ 0
1 1
(− 𝑠2 𝑡 2 + (− 𝑡 ) = 𝑐
1 1
[(− 𝑠2 𝑡 2 + (− 𝑡 ) = 𝑐] − 𝑠 2 𝑡 2

𝟏 + 𝐬 𝟐 𝐭 = 𝐜𝐬 𝟐 𝐭 𝟐
5) 𝒚(𝒙𝟒 − 𝒚𝟐 )𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒙𝟒 + 𝒚𝟐 )𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑥 4 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 5 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥 4 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑦 2 (𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) = 0
1
[𝑥 4 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑦 2 (𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) = 0] ( 4 )
𝑥
𝑦 2 (𝑥𝑑𝑦−𝑦𝑑𝑥)
(𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 2 [ ]=0
𝑥 𝑥2

𝑦 2 𝑦
𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) + (𝑥 ) 𝑑 (𝑥 ) = 0
 𝑦 2 𝑦
∫ 𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) + ∫ (𝑥 ) 𝑑 (𝑥 ) = ∫ 0
𝑦 3
( ) 𝑐
𝑥
𝑥𝑦 + [ ]=3
3

𝑦 3
( ) 𝑐
[𝑥𝑦 + [ 𝑥
] = 3](3𝑥 3 )
3

3𝑥 4 𝑦 + 𝑦 3 = 𝑐𝑥 3
𝒚(𝟑𝒙𝟒 + 𝒚𝟐 ) = 𝒄𝒙𝟑

6) 𝒚(𝒚𝟐 + 𝟏)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒚𝟐 − 𝟏)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎

𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑦 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + (𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦) = 0
1
[𝑦 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + (𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦) = 0] (𝑦 2 )
𝑦𝑑𝑥−𝑥𝑑𝑦
𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) + [ ]=0
𝑦2
𝑥
∫ 𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) + ∫ 𝑑 (𝑦) = ∫ 0
𝑥
𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 = 𝑐

𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑦
𝒙(𝒚𝟐 + 𝟏) = 𝒄𝒚
8) 𝒚(𝒙𝟑 − 𝒚𝟓 )𝒅𝒙 − 𝒙(𝒙𝟑 + 𝒚𝟓 )𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑥 3 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦 6 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 4 𝑑𝑦 − 𝑥𝑦 5 𝑑𝑦 = 0
−𝑦 5 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥 3 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦) = 0
[−𝑦 5 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥 3 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦) = 0](1/𝑦 5 )
𝑥 3 𝑦𝑑𝑥−𝑥𝑑𝑦
−(𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + (𝑦) [ ]=0
𝑦2

𝑥 3 𝑥
∫ −𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) + ∫ (𝑦) 𝑑 (𝑦) = ∫ 0
𝑥 4
( ) 𝑐
𝑦
−𝑥𝑦 + [ ]=4
4

𝑥 4
( ) 𝑐
𝑦
[−𝑥𝑦 + [ ] = 4](4𝑦 4 )
4

𝑥 4 − 4𝑥𝑦 5 = 𝑐𝑦 4
𝒙𝟒 = 𝒚𝟒 (𝒄 + 𝟒𝒙𝒚)
9) 𝒚(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟏)𝒅𝒙 − 𝒙(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟏)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0
(𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑦 2 (𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) = 0
1
[(𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑦 2 (𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) = 0](𝑥 2 𝑦 2 )
(𝑦𝑑𝑥+𝑥𝑑𝑦) (𝑦𝑑𝑥−𝑥𝑑𝑦) (𝑥𝑑𝑦−𝑦𝑑𝑥)
+ + =0
𝑥2𝑦2 𝑦2 𝑥2
𝑑(𝑥𝑦) 𝑥 𝑦
∫ (𝑥𝑦)2 + ∫ 𝑑(𝑦) + ∫ 𝑑 (𝑥 ) = ∫ 0
 1 𝑥 𝑦
− + + = −𝑐
𝑥𝑦 𝑦 𝑥
1 𝑥 𝑦
[− 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 + 𝑥 = −𝑐]𝑥𝑦

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 1 = −𝑐𝑥𝑦
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒄𝒙𝒚 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟏
10) (𝒙𝟑 + 𝒙𝒚𝟐 + 𝒚)𝒅𝒙 + (𝒚𝟑 + 𝒙𝟐 𝒚 + 𝒙)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑥𝑦(𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 = 0
∫(𝑥𝑦)𝑑(𝑥𝑦) + ∫ 𝑑(𝑥𝑦) + ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 0
𝑥2𝑦2 𝑥4 𝑦4 𝑐
+ 𝑥𝑦 + + =4
2 4 4
𝑥2𝑦2 𝑥4 𝑦4 𝑐
[ + 𝑥𝑦 + + = 4] (4)
2 4 4

2𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 4𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 4 + 𝑦 4 = 𝑐
𝟐
(𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 ) = 𝒄 − 𝟒𝒙𝒚
11) 𝒚(𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟏)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟏)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑦(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0
(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )(𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = 0
1
[(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )(𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = 0][ ]
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2
𝑥𝑑𝑦−𝑦𝑑𝑥
(𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + =0
(𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )
𝑦
∫ 𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) + ∫ 𝑑(tan−1 (𝑥 )) = ∫ 0
𝒚
𝒙𝒚 + 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 𝒙 = 𝒄
12) (𝒙𝟑 + 𝒙𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚)𝒅𝒙 + (𝒚𝟑 + 𝒙𝟑 𝒚 + 𝒙)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
[𝑥(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) − 𝑦]𝑑𝑥 + [𝑦(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) + 𝑥 ]𝑑𝑦 = 0
(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )(𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = 0
1
[(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )(𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = 0] [ 2 2]
𝑥 +𝑦
𝑥𝑑𝑦−𝑦𝑑𝑥
(𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦𝑑𝑦) + =0
(𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )
𝑦
∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 𝑑(tan−1 𝑥 ) = ∫ 0
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑦 𝑐
+ + tan−1 𝑥 = 2
2 2
𝑦
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 2 tan−1 𝑥 = 𝑐
𝒚
𝟐 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 𝒙 = 𝒄 − 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐

13) 𝒚(𝒙𝟑 𝒆𝒙𝒚 − 𝒚)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒚 + 𝒙𝟑 𝒆𝒙𝒚 )𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎

𝑥 3 𝑦𝑒 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥 4 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 = 0
𝑥 3 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑦(𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) = 0
1
[𝑥 3 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑦(𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) = 0](𝑥 3 )
𝑦 (𝑥𝑑𝑦−𝑦𝑑𝑥)
𝑒 𝑥𝑦 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + (𝑥 ) ( )=0
𝑥2
𝑦 𝑦
∫ 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) + ∫ (𝑥 ) 𝑑 (𝑥 ) = ∫ 0
𝑦 2
( ) 𝑐
𝑒 𝑥𝑦 + [ 𝑥
]=2
2
 𝑦 2
( ) 𝑐
[𝑒 𝑥𝑦 + [ 𝑥
] = 2](2𝑥 2 )
2

𝟐𝒙𝟐 𝒆𝒙𝒚 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒄𝒙𝟐

14) 𝒙𝒚(𝒚𝟐 + 𝟏)𝒅𝒙 + (𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟐)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎 @ (1,1)
𝑥𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥𝑦 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑑𝑦 = 0
[𝑥𝑦 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑑𝑦 = 0](1/𝑦)
2𝑑𝑦
∫ 𝑥𝑦𝑑(𝑥𝑦) + ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑦
= ∫0
𝑥2𝑦2 𝑥2
+ − 2 ln(𝑦) = 𝑐
2 2
(1)2 (1)2 (1)2
@ (1,1) + − 2 ln(1) = 𝑐
2 2

𝑐=1
𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2 − 4 ln(𝑦) = 2
𝒙𝟐 (𝒚𝟐 + 𝟏) = 𝟐 + 𝟒 𝐥𝐧(𝒚)
15) 𝒚𝟐 (𝟏 − 𝒙𝟐 )𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒙𝟐 𝒚 + 𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 3 𝑦𝑑𝑦 + 2𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑦(𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥 2 𝑦(𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) + 2𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0
1
[𝑦(𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥 2 𝑦(𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) + 2𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0][ 2 3]
𝑥 𝑦
(𝑦𝑑𝑥+𝑥𝑑𝑦) (𝑦𝑑𝑥−𝑥𝑑𝑦) 2𝑑𝑦
(𝑥𝑦)2
− + =0
𝑦2 𝑦3
 𝑥 2𝑑𝑦
∫(𝑥𝑦)−2 𝑑(𝑥𝑦) − ∫ 𝑑(𝑦) + ∫ 𝑦3
= ∫0
1 𝑥 1
− 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 − 𝑦 2 = −𝑐
1 𝑥 1
[− 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 − 𝑦 2 = −𝑐] [−𝑥𝑦 2 ]

𝒚 + 𝒙𝟐 𝒚 + 𝒙 = 𝒄𝒙𝒚𝟐
16) 𝒚(𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟏)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟏)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 3 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥 2 𝑦 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0
1
[𝑥 2 𝑦 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0] [ ]
𝑥𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
∫(𝑥𝑦)𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) − ∫ 𝑥
+∫ 𝑦
= ∫0
𝑥2𝑦2
− ln(𝑥 ) + ln(𝑦) = ln(𝑐 )
2
𝑥2𝑦2 𝑦
+ ln (𝑥 ) = ln(𝑐 )
2
𝒄𝒙
𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟐𝒍𝒏 ( 𝒚 )

17) 𝒙𝟒 𝒚′ = −𝒙𝟑 𝒚 − 𝐜𝐬𝐜 (𝐱𝐲)

𝑑𝑦 1
𝑥 4 (𝑑𝑥 ) = −𝑥 3 𝑦 − sin(𝑥𝑦)
𝑑𝑥
𝑥 4 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥 3 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = − sin(𝑥𝑦)
𝑑𝑥
𝑥 3 (𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑑𝑥) = − sin(𝑥𝑦)
 𝑑𝑥
∫ sin(𝑥𝑦) (𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) = ∫ − 𝑥 3
1
− cos(𝑥𝑦) = 2𝑥 2 − 𝑐
1
[− cos(𝑥𝑦) = 2𝑥 2 − 𝑐][−2𝑥 2 ]

𝟐𝒙𝟐 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝒙𝒚) = 𝒄𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏

19) 𝒚(𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 − 𝒎)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 + 𝒏)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑥 2 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑚𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 3 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥 2 𝑦 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + (𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑚𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) = 0
1
[𝑥 2 𝑦 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + (𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑚𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) = 0][𝑥𝑦]
𝑛𝑑𝑦 𝑚𝑑𝑥
𝑥𝑦(𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + − =0
𝑦 𝑥
𝑛𝑑𝑦 𝑚𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑥𝑦𝑑(𝑥𝑦) + ∫ 𝑦
−∫ 𝑥
= ∫0
𝑥2𝑦2 ln(𝑐 )
+ 𝑛𝑙𝑛(𝑦) − 𝑚𝑙𝑛(𝑥 ) =
2 2
𝑥2𝑦2 ln(𝑐 )
[ + 𝑛𝑙𝑛(𝑦) − 𝑚𝑙𝑛(𝑥 ) = ][2]
2 2
𝑦𝑚
𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 2 ln (𝑥 𝑚 ) = 2 ln(𝑐 )

2 2 𝑦𝑚
𝑥 𝑦 = 2 ln(𝑐 ) − 2 ln (𝑥 𝑚 )

𝟐 𝟐 𝒄𝒙𝒎
𝒙 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒍𝒏 ( 𝒚𝒏 )
20) 𝒙(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 − 𝒙)𝒅𝒙 − 𝒚(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 )𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎 @ (2,0)
𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 = 0
−𝑥𝑦(𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 = 0
∫ −(𝑥𝑦)𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) + ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 0
𝑥2𝑦2 𝑥4 𝑥3 𝑦4 𝑐
− + − + = 12
2 4 3 4

−6𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 3 + 3𝑦 4 = 𝑐
@(2,0)
3(2)4 − 4(2)3 = 𝑐
𝑐 = 16
−6𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 3 + 3𝑦 4 = 16
3( 𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 𝑦 4 ) − 4𝑥 3 = 16
𝟐
𝟑(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 ) = 𝟒(𝒙𝟑 + 𝟒)
21) 𝒚(𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒚)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎 @(𝟏, 𝟐)
𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + (𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦) = 0
1
[𝑥 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + (𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦) = 0][𝑥 2 ]
2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦−𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) − =0
𝑥2
𝑦2
∫ 𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) − ∫ 𝑑 ( 𝑥 ) = ∫ 0
𝑦2
𝑥𝑦 − =𝑐
𝑥
 @ (1,2)
(2)2
(1)(2) − =𝑐
1

𝑐 = −2
𝑦2
𝑥𝑦 − = −2
𝑥

𝒙𝟐 𝒚 − 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟐𝒙 = 𝟎
22) 𝒚(𝒙𝟑 𝒚𝟑 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙𝟑 (𝒙𝒚𝟑 − 𝟐)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎 @(𝟏, 𝟏)
𝑥 3 𝑦 4 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 4 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑥 3 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥 3 𝑦 3 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 2𝑥 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦) − 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 = 0
[𝑥 3 𝑦 3 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + 2𝑥 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦) − 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 = 0][1/𝑥 2 𝑦 2 ]
2(𝑦𝑑𝑥−𝑥𝑑𝑦) 𝑑𝑥
∫(𝑥𝑦)𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) + ∫ 𝑦2
− ∫ 𝑥2 = ∫ 0
𝑥2𝑦2 2𝑥 1 𝑐
+ +𝑥 =2
2 𝑦

𝑥 3 𝑦 3 + 4𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 = 𝑐𝑥𝑦
@(1,1)
(1)3 (1)3 + 4(1)2 + 2(1) = 𝑐 (1)(1)
𝑐=7
𝒙𝟑 𝒚𝟑 + 𝟒𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟕𝒙𝒚 = 𝟎
23) 𝒚(𝟐 − 𝟑𝒙𝒚)𝒅𝒙 − 𝒙𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
2𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 3𝑥𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0
[2𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 3𝑥𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0][1/𝑥𝑑𝑥]
 𝑑𝑦 2𝑦
− 𝑑𝑥 + = 3𝑦 2
𝑥

Bernoulli’s Eq. Therefore let:

𝑛=2 𝑧 = 𝑦 −1 𝑑𝑧 = −𝑦 −2 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦 2𝑦
[− 𝑑𝑥 + = 3𝑦 2 ][𝑦 −2 ]
𝑥
𝑦 −2 𝑑𝑦 2𝑦 −1
− + =3
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑧 2𝑧
+ =3
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
2𝑑𝑥
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 (𝐼𝐹 ) = 𝑒∫ 𝑥 = 𝑥2
𝑧𝑥 2 = ∫ 3𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑧𝑥 2 = 𝑥 3 + 𝑐
𝑦 −1 𝑥 2 = 𝑥 3 + 𝑐
𝑥 2 = 𝑥 3 𝑦 + 𝑐𝑦
𝒙𝟐 (𝟏 − 𝒙𝒚) = 𝒄𝒚
24) 𝒚(𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚𝟐 )𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒚𝟐 − 𝒙)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑦 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + (2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦) = 0
1
[𝑦 2 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + (2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦) = 0][𝑦 2 ]
(2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥−𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦)
(𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦) + =0
𝑦2
𝑥2
∫ 𝑑 (𝑥𝑦) + ∫ 𝑑 ( 𝑦 ) = ∫ 0
 𝑥2
𝑥𝑦 + =𝑐
𝑦

𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2 = 𝑐𝑦
𝒙(𝒙 + 𝒚𝟐 ) = 𝒄𝒚
25) 𝒚𝒅𝒙 + 𝟐(𝒚𝟒 − 𝒙)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
=1 = −2
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥
3𝑦
1−(−2) 3 ∫ −𝑑𝑦
=𝑦 𝑣=𝑒 = 𝑦 −3
𝑦

𝑦(𝑦 −3 )𝑑𝑥 + 2(𝑦 −3 )(𝑦 4 − 𝑥 )𝑑𝑦 = 0

∫ 𝑦 −2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 2𝑦𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 0
𝑥𝑦 −2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑐
𝑥 + 𝑦 4 = 𝑐𝑦 2
26) 𝒚(𝟑𝒙𝟑 − 𝒙 + 𝒚)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙𝟐 (𝟏 − 𝒙𝟐 )𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
3𝑥 3 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 − 𝑥 4 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥(3𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥(𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 = 0
1
[𝑥(3𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑦) + 𝑥 (𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 ) + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 = 0][𝑥𝑦 2 ]
(3𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑥−𝑥 3 𝑑𝑦) (𝑦𝑑𝑥−𝑥𝑑𝑦) 𝑑𝑥
− + =0
𝑦2 𝑦2 𝑥
𝑥3 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑑 ( 𝑦 ) − ∫ 𝑑 (𝑦 ) + ∫ 𝑥
= ∫0
𝑥3 𝑥
− 𝑦 + ln(𝑥 ) = − ln(𝑐 )
𝑦

𝑥 3 − 𝑥 + 𝑦𝑙𝑛(𝑥 ) = 𝑦𝑙𝑛(𝑐 ) 𝒚𝒍𝒏(𝒄𝒙) = 𝒙(𝟏 − 𝒙𝟐 )

27) 𝟐𝒙𝟓 𝒚′ = 𝒚(𝟑𝒙𝟒 + 𝒚𝟐 )
𝑑𝑦
2𝑥 5 (𝑑𝑥 ) − 3𝑥 4 𝑦 = 𝑦 3
𝑑𝑦 1
[2𝑥 5 (𝑑𝑥 ) − 3𝑥 4 𝑦 = 𝑦 3 ] [2𝑥 5 ]
𝑑𝑦 3𝑦 𝑦3
− 2𝑥 = 2𝑥 5
𝑑𝑥

𝐵. 𝐸 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝐿𝑒𝑡:
𝑛 = 3 𝑧 = 𝑦 −2 𝑑𝑧 = −2𝑦 −3 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦 3𝑦 𝑦3
[𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑥 = 2𝑥 5 ] [−2𝑦 −3 ]
2𝑦 −3 𝑑𝑦 3𝑦 −2 1
− + = − 𝑥5
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑧 3𝑧 1
+ = − 𝑥5
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
3𝑑𝑥
𝐼𝐹 = 𝑒∫ 𝑥 = 𝑥3
𝑥3
𝑧𝑥 3 = − ∫ 𝑥 5 𝑑𝑥
1
𝑧𝑥 3 = 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑥3 1
=𝑥+𝑐
𝑦2

𝑥 4 = 𝑦 2 + 𝑐𝑥𝑦 2
𝒙𝟒 = 𝒚𝟐 (𝟏 + 𝒄𝒙)
 SOLVED PROBLEMS IN DETERMINATION OF INTEGRATING
FACTORS

METHOD USED IN THESE PROBLEMS:

∑ ∫ 𝑫𝑰 + ∫ 𝑵𝑫𝑰 = ∫ 𝟎 𝑭𝑶𝑹 𝑬𝑿𝑨𝑪𝑻 𝑬𝑸𝑼𝑨𝑻𝑰𝑶𝑵𝑺

1) (𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟏)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎

𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 2𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 2𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥

2𝑦 − 2𝑥 − (−2𝑦) = −2(𝑥 − 2𝑦)

[−2(𝑥−2𝑦)] 2
= −𝑥
𝑥(𝑥−2𝑦)
2𝑥
∫ −𝑑𝑥
𝑣=𝑒 = 𝑥 −2
(𝑥 −2 )(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 1)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 −1 (𝑥 − 2𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝐷𝐼 = 𝑑𝑥, 𝑥 −2 𝑑𝑥, 𝑑𝑦
𝑦2
𝑁𝐷𝐼 = 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

∫ 𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑥 −2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑦 2 𝑥 −2 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 0
1 1
𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝑦 2 (− 𝑥) + 𝑦 = 𝑐

𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 + 𝒙𝒚 − 𝟏 = 𝒄𝒙
2) 𝟐𝒚(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚 + 𝒙)𝒅𝒙 + (𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒚)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 + 2𝑥 = 2𝑥
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥

2𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 + 2𝑥 − 2𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 = 2(𝑥 2 − 2𝑦)
2(𝑥 2 −2𝑦)
=2
𝑥 2 −2𝑦

𝑣 = 𝑒 ∫ 2𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 2𝑥
2𝑦𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 + 𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥 2 − 2𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝐷𝐼 = 𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑒
𝑁𝐷𝐼 = 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑁
∫ 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥 2 − 2𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 0
𝑥 2 𝑦𝑒 2𝑥 − 𝑦 2 𝑒 2𝑥 = 𝑐
𝒚(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚) = 𝒄𝒆−𝟐𝒙
3) 𝒚(𝟐𝒙 − 𝒚 + 𝟏)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝟑𝒙 − 𝟒𝒚 + 𝟑)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 2𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 1 = 6𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 3
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥

2𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 1 − 6𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 3 = −2(2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 1)
2(2𝑥−𝑦+1) 2
− 𝑦(2𝑥−𝑦+1) = − 𝑦
𝑑𝑦
∫ −2(− 𝑦 )
𝑣=𝑒 = 𝑦2
𝑦 3 (2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 1)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 2 (3𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 3)𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝐷𝐼 = 𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑒
𝑁𝐷𝐼 = 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑀
 ∫ 𝑦 3 (2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 1)𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 0
𝑥 2 𝑦 3 − 𝑥𝑦 4 + 𝑥𝑦 3 = 𝑐
𝒙𝒚𝟑 (𝒙 − 𝒚 + 𝟏) = 𝒄

4) 𝒚(𝟒𝒙 + 𝒚)𝒅𝒙 − 𝟐(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎

𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = −4𝑥
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥

4𝑥 + 2𝑦 − (−4𝑥 ) = 4(4𝑥 + 𝑦)
4(4𝑥+𝑦) 4
=𝑦
𝑦(4𝑥+𝑦)
2𝑑𝑦
∫−
𝑣= 𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑦 −2
𝑦 −1 (4𝑥 + 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑦 −2 (𝑥 2 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝐷𝐼 = 𝑑𝑥, 2𝑦 −1 𝑑𝑦
4𝑥
𝑁𝐷𝐼 = 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑥
𝑦
2𝑑𝑦 4𝑥𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑦
+∫ 𝑦
= ∫0
2𝑥 2
𝑥 + 2 ln(𝑦) + =𝑐
𝑦

𝒙𝒚 + 𝟐𝒚𝒍𝒏(𝒚) + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 = 𝒄𝒚
5) (𝒙𝒚 + 𝟏)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 − 𝟐)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
=𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 2
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥

𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 2 = −(𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 2)
𝑥+4𝑦−2 1
− 𝑥(𝑥+4𝑦−2) = − 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
∫− 𝑥
𝑣=𝑒 = 𝑥 −1
𝑥 −1 (𝑥𝑦 + 1)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 2)𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥
𝐷𝐼 = , (4𝑦 − 2)𝑑𝑦
𝑥

𝑁𝐷𝐼 = 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑀
𝑑𝑥
∫ + ∫(4𝑦 − 2)𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 0
𝑥

ln(𝑥 ) + 2𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑐
𝒙𝒚 + 𝒍𝒏(𝒙) + 𝟐𝒚𝟐 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝒄
6) (𝟐𝒚𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙𝒚 − 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟔𝒙)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟏)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
𝜕𝑥
= 4𝑦 + 3𝑥 − 2 𝜕𝑥
= 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 1

4𝑦 + 3𝑥 − 2 − 2𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 1 = 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 1
𝑥+2𝑦−1 1
=
𝑥(𝑥+2𝑦−1) 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
∫𝑥
𝑣=𝑒 =𝑥
𝑥(2𝑦 2 + 3𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑦 + 6𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 2 (𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 1)𝑑𝑦 = 0
 𝐷𝐼 = 6𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑁𝐷𝐼 = 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑁
∫ 6𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑥 2 (𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 1)𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 0
2𝑥 3 + 𝑥 3 𝑦 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 2 𝑦 = 𝑐
𝒙𝟐 (𝒚𝟐 + 𝒙𝒚 + 𝟐𝒙 − 𝒚) = 𝒄

7) 𝒚(𝒚 + 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟐)𝒅𝒙 − 𝟐(𝒙 + 𝒚)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎

𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 2𝑦 + 2𝑥 − 2 = −2
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥

2𝑦 + 2𝑥 − 2 + 2 = 2(𝑥 + 𝑦)
2(𝑥+𝑦)
= −1
−2(𝑥+𝑦)

𝑣 = 𝑒 ∫ −𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −𝑥
𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 (𝑦 + 2𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑒 −𝑥 (𝑥 + 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝐷𝐼 = 𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑒
𝑁𝐷𝐼 = 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑁
∫ −2𝑒 −𝑥 (𝑥 + 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 0
−𝑥 𝑦2
−2𝑒 (𝑥𝑦 + ) = −𝑐
2

−2𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 2 = −𝑐𝑒 𝑥
𝒚(𝒚 + 𝟐𝒙) = 𝒄𝒆𝒙
8) 𝒚𝟐 𝒅𝒙 + (𝟑𝒙𝒚 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟏)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 2𝑦 = 3𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥

2𝑦 − 3𝑦 = −𝑦
𝑦 1
− 𝑦2 = − 𝑦
𝑑𝑦
−∫−
𝑣=𝑒 𝑦 =𝑦
𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦(3𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 − 1)𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝐷𝐼 = (𝑦 3 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑦
𝑁𝐷𝐼 = 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑀
∫(𝑦 3 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 0
𝑦4 𝑦2 𝑐
− + 𝑥𝑦 3 = 4
4 2

𝑦 4 + 4𝑥𝑦 3 − 2𝑦 2 = 𝑐
𝒚𝟐 (𝒚𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙𝒚 − 𝟐) = 𝒄
9) 𝟐𝒚(𝒙 + 𝒚 + 𝟐)𝒅𝒙 + (𝒚𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟏)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎

𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 2𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 4 = −2𝑥 − 4
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥

2𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 4 + 2𝑥 + 4 = 4(𝑥 + 𝑦 + 2)
4(𝑥+𝑦+2) 2
=𝑦
2𝑦 (𝑥+𝑦+2)
2𝑑𝑦
∫−
𝑣= 𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑦 −2
 2𝑦 −1 (𝑥 + 𝑦 + 2)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 −2 (𝑦 2 − 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 1)𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝐷𝐼 = 𝑦 −2 (𝑦 2 − 1)𝑑𝑦
𝑁𝐷𝐼 = 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 2𝑦 −1 (𝑥 + 𝑦 + 2)𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑦 −2 (𝑦 2 − 1)𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 2𝑦 −1 (𝑥 + 𝑦 + 2)𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 0
1 𝑥2 4𝑥
𝑦+𝑦+ + 2𝑥 + =𝑐
𝑦 𝑦

𝒚𝟐 + 𝟏 + 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒙𝒚 + 𝟒𝒙 = 𝒄𝒚

10) 𝟐(𝟐𝒚𝟐 + 𝟓𝒙𝒚 − 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟒)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝟐𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟏)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎

𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 8𝑦 + 10𝑥 − 4 = 4𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 1
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥

8𝑦 + 10𝑥 − 4 − 4𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 1 = 3(2𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 1)
3(2𝑥+2𝑦−1) 3
=𝑥
𝑥(2𝑥+2𝑦−1)
3𝑑𝑥
𝑣= 𝑒∫ 𝑥 = 𝑥3
2𝑥 3 (2𝑦 2 + 5𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑦 + 4)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 4 (2𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 1)𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝐷𝐼 = 8𝑥 3𝑑𝑥
𝑁𝐷𝐼 = 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑁
∫ 8𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑥 4 (2𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 1)𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 0
2𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 5 𝑦 + 𝑥 4 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 4 𝑦 = 𝑐
𝒙𝟒 (𝒚𝟐 + 𝟐𝒙𝒚 − 𝒚 + 𝟐) = 𝒄
11) 𝟑(𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 )𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙(𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒚𝟐 + 𝟔𝒚)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 6𝑦 = 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 + 6𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥

6𝑦 − (3𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 + 6𝑦) = −3(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )

3(𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )
− 3(𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 ) = −1

𝑣 = 𝑒 − ∫—𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑦
3𝑒 𝑦 (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑒 𝑦 (𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 + 6𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝐷𝐼 = 𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑒
𝑁𝐷𝐼 = 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑀
∫ 3𝑒 𝑦 (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 0
𝑥 3 𝑒 𝑦 + 3𝑥𝑦 2 𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑐
𝑥 3 + 3𝑥𝑦 2 = 𝑐𝑒 −𝑦
𝒙(𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒚𝟐 ) = 𝒄𝒆−𝒚
12) 𝒚(𝟖𝒙 − 𝟗𝒚)𝒅𝒙 + 𝟐𝒙(𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 8𝑥 − 18𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 6𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥

8𝑥 − 18𝑦 − 4𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 4(𝑥 − 3𝑦)

4(𝑥−3𝑦) 2
=𝑥
2𝑥 (𝑥−3𝑦 )
2𝑑𝑥
𝑣= 𝑒∫ 𝑥 = 𝑥2
𝑥 2 𝑦(8𝑥 − 9𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥 3 (𝑥 − 3𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
 𝐷𝐼 = 𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑒
𝑁𝐷𝐼 = 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑁
∫ 2𝑥 3 (𝑥 − 3𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 0
2𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 3 𝑦 2 = 𝑐
𝒙𝟑 𝒚(𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚) = 𝒄

14) 𝒚(𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝒚 + 𝟏)𝒅𝒙 + (𝒙 − 𝒚)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎

𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 1 =1
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥

2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 1 − 1 = 2𝑥 (𝑥 − 𝑦)
2𝑥 (𝑥−𝑦)
= 2𝑥
𝑥−𝑦
2
𝑣 = 𝑒 ∫ 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥
2 2
𝑦𝑒 𝑥 (2𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦 + 1)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝐷𝐼 = 𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑒
𝑁𝐷𝐼 = 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑁
2
∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 0
2
𝑥2 𝑒 𝑥 𝑦2 𝑐
𝑒 𝑥𝑦 − =2
2
2 2
2𝑒 𝑥 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 2 = 𝑐
𝟐
𝒚(𝟐𝒙 − 𝒚)𝒆𝒙 = 𝒄