s a

sp sp
f 2 r
sp sp
a
sp
sps 2 a
sp za sp
sp
spa spa
sp
i
sp
 o essp's
Gpsspy

f f xp p
J L Lo Csp z
s spy cspssp sp
Cssps

z
esp esp
sig esp sp liner

spa sp trigonal
planarH2o

Morestable than the second one Alldouble bands are between spt hybridized
carbon atoms and the trigonalplace geometry can beachieved

Not energetically stablebecause the doublebands are between sp sp2 hybridize

carbons A lineargeometry is preferred for Sphybridization which cannot be
achieved for this molecule

O H
l H
H C H O
l l l H I l H
H C c C H H C c f Cn
l l l H l H
H H H H C
H l
H H
 molecule
There is Hydro
sq.bg
JqingptheE

mom P to p
D
p p

F Has permanentdipole moment poor

Thusdipole dipole interactions are present higherBP

Alkene Ester
Ether

080
amine
Amide

dos as
M M

Be
app
 localized
localized
sp2

sp
J delocalized

sp2

The delocalized lone pairshould be on an unhybridized porbital

The localized conepan is on sp hybridizedorbital

17 R l O Morestable base
Atomic factor form more acidic

3 2 1
stabilizes the G chargebetter
Oxygen is more E N so it
Carbon is the least N least stability lessacidity
 moststable conjugatebase
1
H A all Cs charge will be on Caton
CH R no resonance for and
CH more resonance structures for
I
4 IHS O
3 most acidic H

o o co o
4
OH OH OH OH Hasoy
c c
a a

most
3 least
acidic 5 I y 2 acidic

most
basic 4 1 3 2 least
basic

6A
H
8O
no
A H
H tos
The rxn shiftstowards the reactants because stabilizes
the G charge better due to its size C charge is
3 distributed better

to a greater
 Hs
GH5 Ctb H
T N I'it
Has H GHS

cuts GHS Its

staggered Ctb H Stb Utz H SH
H lHsH2 l
H H H H l H
CHS
Anti loweste

eclipsed ats s SH 9245 it9245

f H H Q QlySH
HEH HI I't ycits
Gauche I
highest E

axial
down s i eadown
e t
t z
up s
6

5 3 4
axial
up
leg up is morestablebecause
4 a biggergroups are on equatorial position
up up
v

y gup to
s
L
axial
axialdown
equp up

5 down
yea
6 Cis trans stereoisomers
axial
up y s
u
ea equp
up y s e
b pup
i s
up
 s t Identical compounds Had
s u z
s s same IUPACnone
i 4 2,5 dimethylheptae

Same formula CyHas differentstructure

constitutional isomeres

Notrelated

f CH2CHS
CHS
14
BE CHaCHs

CHEH CH Na
CHCH
7Carbon
8carbon