Topical Test Chapter 5

1. What is the number of chromosomes of a male who has Down syndrome?

A. 24 + XY C. 45 + XY
B. 25 + XX D. 47 + XY
2. If parent TT undergoes crossing with parent tt, what is the genotype that will be produced?
A. TT C. Tt
B. tt and TT D. tt and Tt
3. A couple has four children. All their children are males. What is the probability for them to have a
daughter in the subsequent pregnancy?
A. 100% C. 50%
B. 75% D. 25%
4. The figure below shows a phase in mitosis. What is the phase shown in this figure?

A. Prophase C. Anaphase
B. Metaphase D. Telophase
5. Stage P, Q, R and S occur during mitosis in a cell.

The correct sequence of the stage is

A: Q, R, S and P C: S, P, R and Q
B: R, P, S and Q D: P, Q, R and S
6. A forensic officer arrived at the location of a robbery. He carried out the analysis at the scene of
the incident to identify who the robber is. What is the most suitable method to be used by the
forensic officer to help the police?
A. Identifying DNA profile C. Identifying blood group
B. Identifying fingerprints D. Identifying DNA group
7. Genetic engineering functions in creating a new breed of organism. The new breed is produced
from a combination of a few required characteristics. What is the process carried out to obtain
this new breed?
A. The gene of an organism is decreased or increased
B. The nucleus of the organism is transferred into a new cell
C. Transferring a part of the gene of the required organism into another organism
D. Joining different organisms to obtain a new organism
8.i) Chromosome (in the nucleus) is a ( a. ) structures which consist of ( b. ) and
( c. ).
ii) DNA or ( d. ) consists of ( e. ) units which are arrange in double
helix.
iii)A ( f. ) is a basic hereditary unit that found in the ( g. ).
iv)A pair of chromosome with sililar shapes and sizes is known as ( h. ),
and the human homologous chromosomes which arranged according to their shape is called
( i. ).
 v) Human have ( j. ) chromosomes i.e. 22 pairs of ( k. ) and one pair of
( l. ).

vi)( m. ) carry genes that control characteristics such as the colour of eyes and type of hair
of a person and ( n. ) carry genes that determine the sex of the person.

9. Name the stages/phases and fill in the blanks with suitable word for the process of Meiosis.
Meiosis I
a. Metaphase I b. c.

-Chromosome ( d. ) -Chromosomes arrange at -( i. ) -( l. ) devides.

and ( e. ). the ( g. ) of the cell. chromosomes ( j. ) Last stage of meiosis I
-( f. ) - The ( h. ) and move towards the ends.
takes place are attached to the opposite ( k. ) of the
centromere. cell.

Meiosis II
m. n. o. p.

-Spindle fibres begin to -Chromosomes arrange at -( q. ) splits into -Four ( s. )

form. the equatorial plane of two. The sister daughter cells with half
the cell. chromatids separate and the number of
move towards the chromosomes/ ( t. )
opposite ( r. ) of the of the parent cell formed.
cell (polarisation).

10. Camparisons between the process of mitosis and meiosis in humans.

Mitosis Differences Meiosis

a. Number of times of cell division j.
b. Number of daughter cells produced k.
c. Number of chromosomes in daughter cells as l.
compared to parent cell
d. Genetic content in daughter cells as m.
compared to parent cell
e. Crossing over n.
f. cells Places where it occurs o. cells
g. and h. Cells involved p. and q.
i. Variation r.
- Important of mitosis is to produce ( s. ) cells for ( t. ) or to replace ( u. ) cells,
and to ensure that the number of ( v. ) in the daughter cells is the ( w. ) as that in
the parent cells.

- Important of meiosis is to produces ( x. ) (sperms or ovum) and allow the ( y. )

to occur during ( z. ) (name the phase).

11.i) Dominant genes = ( a. ) genes which show their characteristics when paired with another
( b. ) gene or ( c. ) gene. Examples: ( d. ), ( e. ), ( f. ), and ( g. ).

ii) Recessive genes = ( h. ) genes which ONLY show their characteristics when paired with
another ( i. ) gene. Examples: ( j. ), ( k. ), ( l. ), and ( m. ).

12.i) ( a. ) (1822-1884) is the first person who discover the inheritance mechanism and
also known as “( b. )”.

ii) ( c. ) refer to the physical appearance can be seen in an organism.

iii) Genotype refer to the ( d. ) make-up of an organism.

13.Complete the following schematic diagram that illustrates the inheritance of height. Assume that
‘T’ represents the dominant gene (tall) and ‘t’ represents recessive gene (dwarf).

14.Complete the following table to show the comparison between human sex gametes.
Male gamete Characteristics Female gamete
a. Name of gamete e.
b. Name of organ involved f.
c. or d. Chromosome contains in gamete g.

15.Complete the following tables on gene mutation and chromosome mutation.

Types of gene mutation Explanation
a. -Recessive gene mutaion in Chromosome ( f. ).
-The patients unable to differentiate between the colours of
( g. ) and ( h. ).
b. -The mutated gene are produce sufficient ( i. ) blood cells
but is ( j. )(not normal) with ( k. ) shape and
less efficient for transporting ( l. ).
 c. -The mutant genes are unable to produce sufficient red
blood cells ( m. )(red pigment) in the blood.
d. -Caused by absence of a ( n. ) in the blood necessary
for the ( o. ) of blood.
e. -The mutant genes is unable to produce skin ( p. )
which is called ( q. ) (name the pigments).
-The person with ( r. ) skin, ( s. ) hair and pink
eyes.

Types of Chromosome mutation Explanation

t. -One extra chromosome number ( w. )st with ( x. )
retarded, ( y. ) eyes and short ( z. ).
-Gender of suffer will be both ( aa. ) and ( ab. ).
u. -Lack of one ( ac. ) chromosome in female.
-Only contain ( ad. ) chromosomes (total number of
chromosomes)
-Absence of ( ae. ) cycle and ( af. ) (unable to
get baby).
v. -One extra ( ag. ) chromosome in ( ah. )(state the
gender) with small ( ai. ) and sterile.
-Have some ( aj. ) characteristic such as ( ak. )
enlargement.

16.Fill in the blanks in the following circle map regarding the factors that cause gene mutation and
chromosome mutation.

17.State the application of genetic research to improve our quality of life.

i) ( a. ) is one of the science and technological fields that carries out the study on ( b. )
investigation by identifying and confirming the chronology of an incident based of scientific
evidence obtained.

ii) ( c. ) is a technique that modifies a person’s genes to ( d. ) or cure disease.

iii)( e. ) is a genetic accumulation that use of ( f. ) testing to determine the

family pedigree or hierarchy, ancestry and its history.
18.Complete the table below for the genetic engineering technology.
Technology Explaination Technology Explaination
( a. ) uses In GMO’s
genes to treat or prevents ( e. ),
a disease by inserting a DNA from organisms are
gene into a patient’s cells. inserting into ( f. ) or
( g. ) to obtain the
desired characteristics.
( b. ) ( h. ) produces a new
transplantation can be organism that is identical to
done on livestock its parent which possess
bleeding. desired characterstics.

Genes from an animal cell

can be inserted into the
nucleus of a ( c. ) to
produce human insulin in
( d. )
technology.

19.i) State the two factors that affect variation.

a. ________________________________ b. _________________________________

ii.Complete the following table to show the differences between continuous variation and
discontinuous variation.

Continuous variation Aspect Discontinuous variation

Variation that show differences that Definition Variation that show differences that
are ( c. ) and has are ( m. ) and ( n. )
intermediate traits. traits.
( d. ) factor and Influenced by ( o. ) factor only.
( e. ) factor.
Characteristics are ( f. ) Quantitative or Characteristics are ( p. )
because it can be ( g. ). qualitative because it cannot be ( q. ).
( h. ) Can be inherited ( r. )
Shows a ( i. ) distribution. Type of distribution Shows a ( s. ) shape.
(graph)
j. Example t.
u.
k.
v.
l.