SOLUTION 1:

In my case value of K is calculated as

K=2+3=5

( a) . V(t) = cos(5.50πt)

V(t) = cos(250πt)

Writing the above voltage signal into exponential term such as

ei 250 πt + e−i 250 πt

V(t) =
2
Comparing it with its Fourier series term such as
N
V(t) = a˳ + ∑ ¿¿
1

Here f = 250π/2π = 125 Hz

And the coefficient is given as

a˳= 0

ak = ak” = ½

(b). V(t) = 5cos(100t)

Then

e i100 t + e−i 100 t

V(t) = 5∗( )
2
Comparing it with its Fourier series term such as
N
V(t) = a˳ + ∑ ¿¿
1

Here f = 100/2π = 50/π Hz

And the coefficient is given as

a˳= 0

ak = ak” = 5/2

( c ) . V(t) = cos(250πt).cos(5000πt)

Then

ei 250 πt + e−i 250 πt ei 5000 πt +e−i 5000 πt

V(t) =( ¿ *( )
2 2

ei 5250 πt +e−i 5250 πt+ e i 4750πt + e−i 4750πt

V(t)=
4
Comparing it with its Fourier series term such as
 N
V(t) = a˳ + ∑ ¿¿
1

Here f1 = 5250π/2π = 2625 Hz and f2 = 4750π/2π = 2375 Hz

ak1= ak”1 = ak2 = ak”2 = ¼

(d) .

V(t) = (5cos(1000πt) + 5 ) cos(100000πt)

V(t) = 5cos(1000πt) cos(100000πt) + 5 cos(100000πt)

Then
i 1000 πt −i 1000 πt i 100000 πt −i 100000 πt i 100000 πt −i 100000 πt
e +e e +e e +e
V(t) = 5*( ¿*( ¿ + 5*( ¿
2 2 2

ei 11000 πt + e−i11000 πt + ei 9000 πt +e−i 9000 πt ei 100000 πt+ e−i 100000 πt

V(t) = 5*( ) + 5*( ¿
4 2

Comparing it with its Fourier series term such as

N
V(t) = a˳ + ∑ ¿¿
1
Here f1 = 11000/2 = 5500 Hz , f2 = 9000/2 = 4500 Hz and f3 = 10000/2 = 5000 Hz

ak1= ak”1 = ak2 = ak”2 = 5/4

ak3= ak”3 = 5/2

SOLUTION 2:

(a ).

For the given triangular function, the function is defined as

F(t) = 10t, for 0 < t < 0.5

F(t) = 10 -10t, for 0.5 < t < 1

Here for Fourier series of the above triangular wave it can be represented as
inf
F(t) = a˳ + ∑ ( an∗cos ( nwt ) +bn∗sin ( nwt ) )
n =1

Here above function is even so that bn = 0

Therefore
 inf
F(t) = a˳ + ∑ ( an∗cos ( nwt ) )
n =1

T/2
2
Were a˳ =
T ∫ F ( t ) . dt
O

2
a˳ = ¿
1
5
a˳ =
2
T/2
4
and an =
T
∫ F ( t ) . cos ⁡(nwt ) dt
O

T/2
4
an =
T
∫ 10 t . cos ⁡(nwt )dt
O

T /2
40
an =
T O
∫ t . cos ⁡(nwt )dt
T/2
40 t . sin ⁡(nwt ) sin ⁡(nwt )
an = [ −∫ ]
T nw 0 nw

40 t . sin ⁡(nwt ) cos ⁡( nwt)

an = [ + ] from t= 0 to t= T/2 = 0.5
T nw n2 w2
2π
put w= = 2π 1000
T

40 t . sin ⁡(n 2000 πt) cos ⁡(n 2000 πt )

an = = [ + ]
T n2π n2 (2 π )2
0.5 .sin ⁡(n 2 π 0.5) cos ⁡(n 2 π 0.5) 0.sin ⁡(n 2 π 0) cos ⁡(n 2 π 0)
an = 40 *[ + - − 2 ]
n2π n2 (2 π )2 n2π n (2 π )2
cos ⁡(nπ ) 1
an = 40*[ − 2 ]
n (2 π) n (2 π )2
2 2

here for n = even , an = 0 and for n= odd an ≠ 0

so that an can be written as

−20
an = for n= odd
n2 π 2
therefore the function F(t ) can be written as in Fourier series form
inf
5 −20
F(t) = +∑ cos(2n-1)wt
2 n=1 ( 2 n−1 )2 π 2
 5 20 20 20
F(t) = − 2 cos ( 2000 πt )− 2 cos ( 6000 πt ) − cos ( 10000 πt ) … .
2 π 9π 25 π 2
(b).

For filter circuit which allow only 0.5 k Hz or 500 Hz frequency, in this case only the component
which having frequency component less than 500 Hz will pass through it, so the from above Fourier
series we know that none of cosine component having less than 500 Hz frequency so that only DC
component will pass through filter circuit.

Output = 5/2

(c ) . For 1.5 k Hz filter circuit frequency the cosine term which having frequency less than 1500 Hz
will passes through the circuit. Therefore, the dc component and the 1st harmonic component of the
cosine term will pass through the circuit.

5 20
0utput = − cos ( 2000 πt )
2 π2
(d).

For 3.5 k Hz filter circuit frequency the cosine term which having frequency less than 3500 Hz will
passes through the circuit. Therefore, the dc component and the 1st and 3rd harmonic component
of the cosine term will pass through the circuit.

5 20 20
0utput = − cos ( 2000 πt ) - cos ( 6000 πt )
2 π2 9π2
SOLUTION 3:

( a) .
π π
Z = 5*e j ( 2 ) .4 e− j( 4 )

Solving further then we get

π π
Z = 20.e j ( 2 − 4 )

π
Z = 20.e j ( 4 )

Now it can be written in Cartesian form such as

Z = 20 ( cos(π/4) + j sin(π/4) )

1 1
Z = 20 ( +j )
√2 √2
Z = 10√ 2+ j 10 √ 2
( b) .

Z1 = 2 + j4 Ω

Z2 = 1 – j1 Ω

And total combination of impedance is given as

Ztotal = Z1 + Z2

Ztotal = 2 + j4 + 1 -j1

Ztotal = 3 + j3 Ω

Polar form of Ztotal can be written as

Ztotal = |Z|(cos(ϕ) + j sin(ϕ) )

| Z | = √ real 2+imag 2

Where | Z | = √ 32 +32 = 3√ 2

−1 imaginary part
ϕ = tan
real part
−1 3
And ϕ = tan
3
π
Φ=
4
Therefore, polar form of Ztotal can be written as

π π
Ztotal = 3√ 2 ( cos( ) + j sin( ) )
4 4

Solution 4:

Given voltage V = 5√ 2V ∧¿ current I = ( 4 – j4 ) A

Then polar form of voltage and current is given by

V = |V| ( cos(ϕ1) + j sin(ϕ1) )

And I = | I | (cos(ϕ2) + j sin(ϕ2) )

Were

| V| = √ real 2+imag 2 = 5 √ 22 = 5√ 2 V
√

| I | = √ real 2+imag 2 = √ 4 +4 2 = 4√ 2 A

And
 imaginary part −1 0
= tan
−1
Φ1= tan =0
real part 5 √2
−1 imaginary part −1 −4 −π
Φ2 = tan = tan =
real part 4 4
Therefore, the polar form of the voltage and current can be expressed as

V = 5√ 2 ( cos(0) + j sin(0) )

π π
I = = 4√ 2( cos( ) - j sin( ) )
4 4
Similarly, the exponential term is represented as

V = | V| e jϕ 1 = 5√ 2 e j 0 = 5√ 2 V
− jπ
I = |I | e jϕ 2 = 4√ 2 e 4 A

Now impedance of the circuit by using ohms law is given by

V 5√2 5 jπ 5 1 1
Z= = − jπ = (e4 ) = ¿ +j )Ω
I 4 2e 4 4 4 √2 √ 2
√
(b) .

Converting the exponential form of impedance into cartesian form such as

5 jπ
Z = ( 4 )
4 e
5 1 1
Z = ¿ +j )Ω
4 √2 √2
Solution 5:

(a ) .

Combined impedance of the RC circuit is given by

ZRC = R || Xc

Where Xc = -j2 and R = 1 Ω

(1∗(− j 2 ))
Then ZRC =
1− j2
4−J 2
ZRC = Ω
5
Then total impedance of the circuit is given as

Ztotal = ZRC + 1.2 + JXL

Were jXL = 2.4 Ω

So that by putting all values we get get

4−J 2
Ztotal = + 1.2 + j2.4
5
Ztotal = 2 + j2 Ω
(b) .

Current Is is given as

Vs 8
Is = = = 2- j2 A
Ztotal 2+ j 2
In phasor form it can be written as

Is = | Is | <(ϕ)

Were

| I s| = √ real 2+imag 2 = √ 22+ 22 = 2√ 2 A

−1 imaginary part
ϕ = tan
real part
−1 −2
And ϕ = tan
2
π
Φ=-
4
π
Then Is = 2√ 2 < ( - ¿
4

(c).

Using the current division rule we get

 R
Ic = Is * ( )
Xc+ R
1
Ic = (2- j2)*( )
1− j 2
6+ j 2
Ic = A
5
Then phasor form can be written as

Ic = | Ic | <(ϕ1)

Were

| I c| = √ real 2+imag 2 = √ 62 +22 /5 = 2√ 10 /5 A

−1 imaginary part
Φ1 = tan
real part
−1 2/5
And ϕ1= tan = 18.43°
6 /5
2 √ 10
Then Ic = < ( 18.43°¿ A
5
And IR is given as

Xc
IR = Is * ( )
Xc+ R
− j2
IR = (2- j2)*( )
1− j 2
4− j12
IR = A
5
Then phasor form can be written as

IR = | IR | <(ϕ2)

Were

| I R| = √ real 2+imag 2 = √ 4 +122 /5 = 4√ 10 /5 A

−1 imaginary part
Φ2 = tan
real part
−1 −12/5
And ϕ2= tan = - 71.56°
4 /5
4 √10
Then IR = < ( - 71.56°¿ A
5
And by adding them together we get

6+ j 2 4− j12
Is = Ic + IR = +
5 5
10− j10
Is =
5
Is = 2 – j2 A

(D) .

If the current and voltage are in phase by changing the value inductor impedance, then phase of
current become zero such as we know the current is given as

Vs
Is =
Ztotal
For zero phase difference the imaginary part of the total impedance must be zero so that as we
know

Ztotal = ZRC + 1.2 + JXL

4−J 2
Ztotal = + 1.2 + JXL
5
Ztotal = 2 – j0.4 + JXL

By putting the imaginary part of the Ztotal equal to zero then we get

0 = – j0.4 + JXL
JXL = j 0.4 Ω

Therefore, for JXL = j 0.4 Ω the current is in phase with voltage.

Now the new total impedance is given by

Ztotal2 = 2 – j0.4 + j0.4

Ztotal2 = 2 Ω

And new current is given as

Vs
Is2 =
Ztotal 2
8
Is2 =
2
Is2 = 4 A