SAFAVID

DYNASTY
• 16th century
• Turkic Dynasty, emerged in Iran
• Emerged out of Safavid Sufi religious order
• Challenged Ottoman empire/rivals
• Converted and united Iran’s predominant population

Ayesha shahid -005

Mubeen Liaqat -014
Zainab Zahid-019
ORIGIN:
❖ The Safavid dynasty started with shah Ismail.
❖ He was descendent of Safi-al-din who had been the leader of a
Turkish ethnic groups in Azerbaijan near the Caspian sea.
❖ Under Ismail, the Safavid took control of much of Iran and Iraq.
❖ The Safavid dynasty went from Azerbaijan on the Caspian sea
east to India ; along the Persian Gulf and Arabian sea north to
the southern boarder of Russia.
SHAH/EMAM MOSQUE
A typical Persian architecture:
The Safavids founded the Shah
MoSQUE techniques. as a channel
through which they could express
themselves with their numerous
architectural
The plan is however much more
orthodox than that of the mosque of
Sheikh Luffallah: the mosque is
rigorously symmetric, with four
iwans and two cupolas, the
minarets rising in front of the prayer
room. In one part and another of the
building are two Madrasahs
ALI QAPU PALACE
A rather tall building, opening on
one side onto the meydan and on
the other onto the Chahar Bagh,
the Ali Qapu pavilion was no doubt
built in two stages, according
to Galieri, who long studied it. One
finds there traits characteristic of
Iranian architecture, such as the
taste for proportions in two levels:
one level, the portico of the upper
part (talar), or again the cruciform
plan.
SAFAVID’S ARCHITECTURE FORMS:The Allaverdikhan bridge
The strongest ruler of the Safavid dynasty was Shah Abbas I (1571-1629).
Abbas I was a great builder and moved the capital of Persia from Qazvin to
Isfahan, making the city the pinnacle of Safavid architecture.
Prior to the Shah's ascent to power, Persia had a decentralized power
structure, in which different institutions battled for power, including both the
military and governors of the different provinces making up the empire.
SHEIKH LOTFOLLAH THE GRAND BAZAR: Datable to 1608, this bridge was
MOSQUE constructed by the order of Allahverdi
Khan, the Georgian minister of Shah
Abbas.[15] It is contained in the
continuity of Chahar Bagn.[16] With its
arcades, in the sides and in the base,
MADRASA SHAH
The design of the Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque is
quite simple: there is no courtyard and no The grand bazaar is connected to the old
interior iwans. The building itself consists into a market on one side and to the meydan on the
flattened dome resting on a square dome other. On the side opening onto the meydan, its The madreseh Madar-e Shah, or
chamber. Meanwhile, in contrast to the simple high vault with protruding ribs encloses a multi- madreseh of the mother of the
structure of this mosque story structure, of which the upper part was Shah, is on the Chahar Bagh and is
reserved for the Shah's orchestra while in the dated 1706-1714. It carries no
lower part were found shops and homes, architectural innovation, and
organized by occupation. therefore evokes the stagnation of
Persian mosques of even before Safavid architecture of this period: a plan of
period, seems to be not completely four iwans and a dome reminiscent
symmetrical – particlularly, in colours of of the mosque of the Shah form the
patterns. They have been described as major part of its architectural
intentional, "symmetrical" asymmetries. elements.
 SAFAVID’S SOCIAL HERITAGE:
At the top of social hierarchy was the king and royal class
.Below them was nobility and after that was the merchant
class .Artisians and peasants were at the the very bottom of
social pyramid .The Safavid empire was first dominated by
kizilbash but their power declined as shah abas took control .
In early year women had a considerable amount of respect and
power but after the death of shah abas many of their rights
were taken away .
SOCIAL STRUCTURE:
• King and royal class
• Nobility filled administrator post
• Rich merchant class
• Artisans
• Peasants

WOMEN:
• Not equal to men
• Early Safavid different with other Islamic socities
• Divorce could be caused by either the wife or husband
• After the death of abas the great women lost their rights.
 • Abbas the Great or Abbas I of Persia (Persian: ‫شاه‬
‫ ;عباس کبیر‬27 January 1571 – 19 January 1629)
was the 5th Safavid Shah (king) of Iran, and is
generally considered as one of the greatest rulers
of Persian history and the Safavid dynasty. He
was the third son of Shah Mohammad
Khodabanda.
IDEALS:
• Ismail I, also Iran. longest reign of
known as Shah any member of
Ismail I, was the the Safavid dyn
founder of the • Tahmasp I asty. He was
Safavid dynasty, Persian: ‫شاه‬ the son and
ruling from ‫( )تهماسب یکم‬22 successor of
1501 to 23 May February 1514 Ismail I.
1524 as Shah of – 14 May 1576)
•
Iran. The rule of was an
Ismail is one of influential Shah
the most vital of Iran, who
in the history of enjoyed the
Sam Mirza (Persian: ‫ سام میرزا‬12 –1611 ( )May 1642), better known by
his dynastic name of Shah Safi (Persian: ‫ شاه صفی‬,)was the
sixth Safavid shah (king) of Iran, ruling from 1629 to 1642.
 Ismail II
IDEALS: Shah of Iran
Ismail Mirza later known by his first dynastic name of
Ismail I, also known as Shah Ismail I, was the
founder of the Safavid dynasty, ruling from 1501 Ismail II was the third Safavid Shah of Iran, ruling
to 23 May 1524 as Shah of Iran. The rule of from 1576 to 1577.
Ismail is one of the most vital in the history of
Iran.
Tahmasp I Persian: ‫( )شاه تهماسب یکم‬22 February
1514 – 14 May 1576) was an influential Shah of
Iran, who enjoyed the longest reign of any
member of the Safavid dynasty. He was the
son and successor of Ismail I.
Mohammad Khodābandeh or
Khudābanda, also known as Mohammad
Shah or Sultan Mohammad (Persian: ‫شاه‬
‫محمد خدابنده‬, born 1532; died 1595 or 1596),
was Shah of Persia from 1578 until his
overthrow in 1587 by his son Abbas I. He
was the fourth Safavid Shah of Iran and
succeeded his brother, Ismail II.
Khodabanda was the son of Shah
Tahmasp I by a Turcoman mother,
Sultanum Begum Mawsillu,[2] and
grandson of Ismail I, founder of
the Safavid Dynasty.
 ʿABBĀS II

Abbas II of Persia.
• Shah Abbas II (Persian: ‫شاه عباس دوم‬, romanized: Shāh
Abbās) (30 August 1632 – 26 October 1666), was the
seventh Safavid king (shah) of Iran, ruling from 1642 to
1666.

Suleiman 1
Sam Mirza, later known by his first dynastic name of Safi II, and
thereafter known by his more famous second dynastic name of
Suleiman I, was the eighth Safavid shah of Iran, ruling from 1
November 1666 to 29 July 1694.