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1 0 Examples
Santha Kumar
5.10 Examples
5.10.1 Analysis of effective section under compression
Using mid-line dimensions for simplicity. Internal radius of the corners is 1.5t.
h = B2 / B1 = 60 / 180 = 0.33
1.8h
K1 = 7 − − 1.43h 3
0.15 + h
1.8 x 0.33
=7− − 1.43 x 0.333
0.15 + 0.33
pcr = 185000 K1 ( t / b )2
f cr 240
= = 0.4 > 0.123
pcr x γ m 521.7 x1.15
−0.2
beff ⎡ ⎫ ⎤
4
⎧ f cr
= ⎢1 + 14 ⎨ − 0.35⎬ ⎥
b ⎢ ⎩ ( pcr x γ m ) ⎭ ⎥⎦
⎣
−0.2
⎡
{ }
4⎤
= ⎢1 + 14 0.4 − 0.35 ⎥ = 0.983
⎣ ⎦
K2 = K1 h2 ( t1 / t2 )2
= K1 h2 (t1 = t2 )
fc 240
= = 0.063 > 0.123
pcr x γ m 3289 x1.15
beff
∴ =1 beff = 60 mm
b
fc 240
= = 0.04 > 0.123
pcr x γ m 5591x1.15
beff
∴ =1 beff = 15 mm
b
As the corners are fully effective, they may be included into the effective
Ai (mm2 )
Lips 2 x 23 x 4 = 184
Flanges 2 x 76 x 4 = 608
Web 196 x 4 = 784
Total 1576
Ai (mm2 )
Lips 2 x 15 x 4 = 120
Corners 4 x 45.6 = 182.4
Flanges 2 x 60 x 4 = 480
Web 176.94 x 4 = 707.8
Total 1490.2
compression,
A eff 1490
Q= = = 0.95
A 1576
= 313 kN
Using mid-line dimensions for simplicity. Internal radius of the corners is 1.5t.
⎧⎪ D f y ⎫⎪
p0 = ⎨1.13 − 0.0019 ⎬ py
t 280
⎩⎪ ⎭⎪
= 223.2 N / mm2
fc = 223.2 N / mm2
1.4h
K1 = 5.4 − − 0.02h 3
0.6 + h
= 3.08 or 4 (minimum) = 4
1.4 x 3.8
= 5.4 − − 0.02 x 3.83
0.6 + 3.8
2
⎛ 1.96 ⎞
pcr = 185000 x 4 x ⎜ ⎟ = 937 N / mm 2
⎝ 55.08 ⎠
fc 223.2
= = 0.24 > 0.123
pcr 937
−0.2
beff ⎡ ⎫ ⎤
4
⎧ fc
⎢
= 1 + 14 ⎨ − 0.35⎬ ⎥
b ⎢⎣ ⎩ p cr ⎭ ⎥⎦
4 ⎤ −0.2
⎡
= ⎢1 + 14
⎣
{ }
0.24 − 0.35 ⎥
⎦
= 0.998
Ai yi Ai yi Ig + Ai yi2
Elements
( mm2) (mm) (mm3) (mm4)
Top lip 27.44 102 2799 448 + 285498
Compression flange 122.5 109 13352.5 39.2 + 1455422.5
Web 427.3 0 0 39.2 + 1455422.5
Tension flange 123.5 -109 -13459.3 39.5 + 1467064
Bottom lip 27.4 -102 -2799 448 + 285498
Total 728.2 -106.8 5186628.4
−106.8
y= = − 0.15 mm
728.2
223.2 x 1.15
or = 518.7 x = 475.5cm 4 at py = 280 / 1.15 N / mm2
280
475.5
Z xr = = 43.56 cm3
(109 + 0.15)
10
Bending Moment
Shear Force
py = 240 / 1.15
= 208.7 N/mm2
D = 180 mm
ryy = 17.8 mm
⎧⎪ D f y ⎫⎪
p0 = ⎨1.13 − 0.0019 ⎬ py
t 280
⎩⎪ ⎭⎪
⎪⎧ 180 240 ⎪⎫
p0 = ⎨1.13 − 0.0019 x ⎬ x208.7
⎩⎪ 4 280 ⎪⎭
= 219.3 N / mm2
fc = 219.3 N / mm2
h = B2 / B1 = 160 / 30 = 5.3
1.4h
K1 = 5.4 − − 0.02h 3
0.6 + h
1.4 x 3.8
= 5.4 − − 0.02 x 5.33
0.6 + 3.8
= 1.1 or 4 (minimum) = 4
2
⎛ 4 ⎞
pcr = 185000 x 4 x ⎜ ⎟ = 13155 N / mm 2
⎝ 30 ⎠
fc 219.3
= = 0.017 > 0.123
pcr 13155
beff
=1
b
beff = 30 mm
Moment Resistance
region but it is unrestrained over the hogging moment region, that is, over the
internal support.
not critical.
Mcx = Zxr py
O.K
Shear Resistance
18.3 x103
Average shear stress fv = = 25.4 N / mm 2 < qcr
720
O.K
D 180
= = 45 ≤ 200 ∴ O.K
t 4
r 6
= = 1.5 ≤ 6 ∴ O.K
t 4
C is the distance from the end of the beam to the load or reaction.
Use
Pw = 2 x t 2 Cr
γm
fy
{8.8 + 1.11 N t }
D
Cr = 1 + t
750
45
= 1+ = 1.06
750
Pw = 2 x 42 x1.06 x
240
1.15
{ }
8.8 + 1.11 12.5 10−3
t the internal support, the bearing length, N, is 100mm (taken as the flange
Pw = t 2 C5 C6
fy
γm {13.2 + 1.63 N t }
fy 240
k= = = 0.9
228 x γ m 1.15 x 228
C6 = (0.88 - 0.12 m)
∴ Pw = 2 x 42 x1x 0.63 x
240
1.15
{ }
13.2 + 1.63 25 10−3
Deflection Check
3
A coefficient of is used to take in account of unequal loading on a double
384
span. Total unfactored imposed load is used for deflection calculation.
3 W L3
δmax =
384 E Iav
I xx + I xy 1036 + 1036
Iav = = = 1036 x104 mm 4
2 2
fy = 240 N/ mm2
442 x104
rmin = = 37.4 mm
2 x1576
The short strut resistance, Pcs = 0.95 ? 2 ? 1576 ? 240/ 1.15 = 625 kN
le 2.3 x103
= = 61.5 < 180 O.K
ry 37.4
le
α
ry
λ=
λy
E 2.05 x105
λy = π =π = 98.5
py 208.7
1x 61.5
∴λ = = 0.62
98.5
Pc
= 0.91
Pcs