Prelab

1. The cable used in this lab is RG-58/U. Find a specification for this
cable type. You can find the same by referring to technical datasheets of
the cable online.
Ans. The specifications for RG-58/Ucable are considered and the following are
found.

a. Find inner conductor diameter

Ans. Inner conductor diameter is considered to be 0.9mm

b. Find dielectric diameter

Ans. Dielectric diameter or the inner diameter of the coaxial cable is 3.15mm

c.Find dielectric material, permittivity and permeability.

Ans.The dielectric material is Polyethylene - solid and the relative permittivity
is 2.3. The permeability is considered to be 1.

2. . Use the values from 1 to calculate

Ans. By keeping the inner conductor diameter value to 1.0mm, the remaining
output values are found as follows:

a. Capacitance/unit length
Ans.

‘ D’ is inside diameter of the cable

Therefore the capacitance/unit length is found to be 111.51689pF/m.

b.Inductance/unit length
Ans

Substituting the values in the equation we get 229.48049nH/m

c. Characteristic impedance:
Ans.Characteristic impedance can be obtain from
 €r is the dielectric constant.if we want to calculate the characteristic
impedance we know the value of inner conductor diameter which is
0.8mm and outer conductor diameter is 5mm. Then our characteristic
impedance is Z0 = 49.7359Ω which is near to 50Ω
d.Velocity factor
Ans.

The velocity factor is 0.659.

3. What is the time required for an electrical signal to travel 1m in the
cable?
Ans. The time required by an electrical signal to travel 1m in the cable is
1/122760 of a second or 8.146 ms.

4. Find the characteristic impedance and velocity factor for CAT-6 cable.
Ans. The characteristic impedance of CAT-6 cable is 100 ohms ± 15% and
velocity factor is 1000 Mbit/s.

Part 1: Pulse response

3. The oscilloscope trace should show the generated pulse and a reflected
pulse. Save the oscilloscope display for later analysis.

Ans. Generated pulse can be determined by figures.

And Reflected pulse

4. Based on the waveform, what is the observed time delay between the
generated pulse and the reflected pulse?

Ans. Time delay between generated pulse and reflected pulse is

5. Based on the time delay, estimate the cable length.

Ans. Based on time delay the estimated cable length

6. Based on the waveform, explain how you can tell if the cable
termination is open circuit, short circuit, or matched?

Ans. Matched termination is used in this cable .

Fig. Pulse Response

Part2:Digital signal

3. Does the oscilloscope show a square wave? Save the oscilloscope

display for later analysis.
Ans.Yes oscilloscope shows the square wave

4. Based on what you found in Part 1, what happened to your square

wave? Explain potential consequences for digital data transmission?

Ans. The transmitted signal is in square wave and there is no reflection,only

square wave is observed.

5. Reduce the frequency of the square wave to 1MHz. Can you see any
effect due to the cable length and termination?
Ans. If we decrease the requency of the square wave to 1MHz. There might me
increase in time delay. And there is no effect due to cable length and
termination.