UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
MT 100: FOUNDATION OF ANALYSIS
TUTORIAL SHEET 4, 2021/2022.

1. Prove that if X is nite set with |X| = n, then |℘(X)| = 2n .

2. By using suitable examples dierentiate between eld, F, ordered eld and
complete ordered eld. Why Q is not complete ordered eld?
3. Let S be a set. Dene an order of set S . By suitable example what it means
by an ordered set ?
4. Prove that between two rational numbers r and s there is rational number
r+s
.
2
5. Use eld axioms to prove that
(a) −(−x) = x.
(b) If x 6= 0 and y 6= 0, then xy 6= 0.
6. Prove that the following are true in every ordered eld
(a) If x > 0, then −x < 0 and vice versa.
(b) If x > 0 and y < z , then xy < xz .
(c) If x < 0 and y < z , then xy > xz .
(d) If x 6= 0, then x2 > 0. In particular 1 > 0.
1 1
(e) If 0 < x < y , then 0 < < .
y x
√
7. Prove that p is prime number, then p is irrational.

8. Prove that between any two distinct rational numbers there are innitely
many irrational numbers.
9. Prove the algebraic identity that (a − b) · (a + b) = a2 − b2 .
10. Prove that a · b + b · c + c · a ≤ a2 + b2 + c2 , ∀a, b, c ∈ R.
11. Use axioms of arithmetic to prove that if a, b ∈ R, then |a + b| ≤ |a| + |b|.
12. The following sets are bounded
 above; identify the set of upper bounds
 in 
1 1 2 3
each case; (0, 1), x : > 2 , {x ∈ Q : x < 4} , {x ∈ Q : x ≤ 4} , , , ,···
  x 2 3 4
1 1 1
and , , ,··· .
2 3 4
13. If A is a bounded non-empty subset of R, then inf A ≤ sup A.
14. Let A and B be two non-empty sets which are bounded above and let C =
{x + y : x ∈ A and y ∈ B}. Show that sup C = sup A + sup B .
15. Find sup f (x) and inf f (x) for each of the following functions on the indi-
cated domain:
(a) f (x) = 3 + 2x − x2 on (0, 4).
(b) f (x) = 2 − |x − 1| on (−2, 2).
(c) f (x) = −e−|x| on (−∞, ∞).
1 − x2
(d) f (x) = on (−∞, ∞).
1 + x2
16. Prove that x, y ∈ R, |xy| = |x| · |y| and |x + y| ≤ |x| + |y|.
17. 
Find all the points x which
 lie in the set A, where:
5x + 6 2x − 1
x: > .
x+2 x−1
18. If z and w are complex numbers and w = 2z 2 + 1, use the denition of
modulus, ww̄ = |w|2 to show that |w|2 = 4 (|z|4 + Re(z 2 )) + 1.
   
 2 5 4
19. (a) Suppose C = z : z −  < . By using denition of modulus and
3 3
without expressing z into its real and imaginary parts, deduce that the
inequality can be expressed as 3|z|4 − 10Re(z 2 ) < −3.
(b) Find the roots of the function f (x) = x5 − 2x4 − x3 + 6x − 4.