DRYING : Liquid free product

Bound water: Moisture content/v.p lower than pure

liquid/same temp
Unbound water: Moisture content /v.p equal to pure
liquid/same temp
Free Moisture:
Moisture content:wt of dry sample/wt of water in
sample
Equilibrium Moisture content: solid/when in eq with
the given vp in the gas phase/ Drying curve

EMC SOLID: Constant /t/h. talc

Drying operation:
Critical moisture content: The pt/decrease in drying
rate starts
Fluidized state/content: Granules/air stream
Desorption: More moisture> EMC….release WATER
Sorption: Less moisture< EMC___absorb WATER
Isothermal Desorption: DRYING IS AT WARM TEMP

Drying/Evaporation
4 Points
Importance
Mechanism of Drying Process
HEAT TRANSFER””””””””””””””””””””””””””

HEAT--------EXTERIOR SURFACE
MASS TRANSFER””””””””””””””””””””””””””

Moisture------------------surface--------------evaporation

Water______Bound/unbound

Hygroscopic/Non Hygroscopic

% Moisture Content=
wt of water in sample/wt of dry sampleX 100
Equalibrium Relationship
Rate relationship

Constant rate period

Falling rate period

Drying Curve
Classification of dryers
Operating features
Batch: Material is loaded/time
Continuous: continuous addition

Vacuum
1.Static bed dryer [Tray/Freeze]
2.Moving bed dryer [Drum/Roller]
3.Fluidised bed dryer
4.Vacuum dryer
5.Pneumatic [Spray]