Unit 1 Workbook ANSWER

Introducing Science
1 Introducing Science
1
Sectional
Exercise
Sectional Exercise
1.1 Learning science
1.2 Working like a scientist
True-or-false (5 marks)
Circle T for a true statement and F for a false one.
Integrated Exercise
1. Scientists accept all the existing scientific knowledge and never
question (質疑) it. T / F analyse
2. Finding out why and how lightning happens is a study in science. T / F analyse
3. Studying science can help us understand all things happening

around us. T / F analyse
High-order Thinking Question

4. The statement: ‘A person loses weight if he / she only eats
vegetables every day.’ is a hypothesis. T / F analyse
5. We can do a fair test to find out whether an ice ball melts faster
than an ice cube at room temperature. T / F analyse
Fill-in-the-blanks (5 marks)
Write down the missing words on the lines.
6. A scientist is a person who develops scientific knowledge through

systematic studies. remember
7. The (a) discovery of X-rays came from an incidental (偶然的) observation

made by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen in 1895. The (b) invention of X-ray
machines is used to check for dangerous items in luggage. analyse
M01_ASCI_WB_1A_HKG_8443_U01.indd 1 6/7/2018 16:33

Introducing Science
8. Technology is the practical use of science. For example, we can use

solar energy to produce electricity. analyse
1 9. Pattern seeking is a scientific method. We can use it to find out

whether body weight is a factor affecting the results of runners in a marathon
competition. analyse
Sectional Exercise
Multiple-choice (5 marks)
Choose the best answer for each question.
10. Which of the following is/are the work of a scientist? remember
(1) Doing information search

(2) Making observations
(3) Designing experiments
Integrated Exercise
A. (3) only C. (2) and (3) only

D
B. (1) and (2) only D. (1), (2) and (3)
11. NOS In the past, people thought that the Earth
Sun moved around the Earth through

observations. Now there is evidence Sun
to prove that the Earth moves around the
Sun. Which of the following does this show? analyse
A. Science has limitations.

B. Science is based on observations.
C. Scientific knowledge can be revised when
there are new findings.
C
D. Scientific knowledge can explain everything.
12. Skill (S.I.) Which of the following is a good hypothesis? analyse
A. Fresh milk is better for health than soy milk.

B. Fresh milk contains more calcium than soy milk.
C. Fresh milk turns bad easily, while soy milk does not.
B
D. Fresh milk is good for babies, while soy milk is good for women.

Introducing Science
13. Skill (Fair test) Elsa wants to find out whether plastic
cup A or plastic cup B can keep water hot for a
longer time. Here is her experimental design:
plastic plastic 1
Which of the following correctly shows the cup A cup B
independent variable, the dependent variable and

a controlled variable of her test? analyse
Sectional Exercise
Independent variable Dependent variable Controlled variable
A. Type of plastic cup Temperature of water Volume of water
B. Temperature of water Type of plastic cup Volume of water
C. Type of plastic cup Volume of water Temperature of water
A
D. Volume of water Temperature of water Type of plastic cup
14. Skill (Fair test) Raymond wants to find out whether a potted plant grows taller
Integrated Exercise
if it is given a fertilizer. Which two of the following set-ups should he use for
his investigation? analyse
(1) (2)
10 cm3 of no fertilizer 10 cm3 of fertilizer

water added added water added added
every day every day

(3) (4)
5 cm3 of no fertilizer 10 cm3 of fertilizer
water added added water added added
every day every day
A. (1) and (3) C. (2) and (3)

B
B. (1) and (4) D. (3) and (4)

Introducing Science
Short Questions (20 marks)
15. Skill (S.I.) The photo shows a golden fish
1 in a water tank. Observe the golden

fish carefully and write down five
observations about it. (5 marks)
analyse
• It lives in the (a) water .
Sectional Exercise
• It has (b) scales covering

the body.
• It has tails and (c) fins for swimming.
• It has (d) eyes .
• (e) It has a mouth. / It releases bubbles. (any one or other reasonable answers) .
16. Skill (S.I.) In each of the following, which scientific method is the most
Integrated Exercise
suitable? Write your answers in the spaces provided with the words given. (5 marks)
analyse
fair testing pattern seeking classifying
(a) To divide micro-organisms (微生物)

into groups for easy studies. classifying
(b) To find out which brand of vacuum

flasks (保温瓶), A or B, is better for

keeping water hot. fair testing
(c) To find out what factors affecting the

results of athletes in a
windsurfing (滑浪風帆) competition. pattern seeking
(d) To find out whether people with

longer legs jump higher. pattern seeking
(e) To find out which paper towel absorbs

most water. fair testing

Introducing Science
17. Skill (S.I.) Eric carried out a scientific investigation about mosquito
bites, as shown. Identify the five steps in his scientific investigation.
Write them down below the pictures. (5 marks) analyse
1
My feet get bitten The test result supports my hypothesis.
easily. Why is this so? I conclude: ‘When there are more
bacteria (細菌) on our feet, more
mosquitoes are attracted.’
Sectional Exercise
(a) Making observations and asking questions (b) Analysing results and drawing a conclusion
Integrated Exercise
Let me search what things attract
mosquitoes... Mosquitoes are
attracted by the bacteria present
on our feet.

(c) Doing background research
Let me do a fair test by cleaning

My hypothesis is: If there my left foot with alcohol.
are more bacteria on our
feet, more mosquitoes are
attracted.
After cleaning, my
left foot has fewer
mosquito bites.
(d) Proposing a hypothesis (e) Designing and conducting experiments

Introducing Science
18. STEM The design of a pen involves many areas

of science and technology.
1 Imagine you were going to design a pen. What

things would you consider? One suggestion is
given. Suggest five more things. (5 marks)
create
• what materials are used to make different parts (e.g. the cap and
Sectional Exercise
the body)
• what type of ink should be used
• how the different parts are put together
• how long the pen can be used
• whether ink refill is available
• whether the ink flows easily

Integrated Exercise
(or other reasonable answers)
Long Question (10 marks)
19. Skill (Fair test) Skill (Drawing) Amy finds that

gummy bears (a common type of candies)
become bigger when they are put into
water for a few hours.
gummy bear gummy bear (after

(original) putting into water)
She wants to find out whether the ‘growth’
of the gummy bears is different in tap water and distilled water. Her hypothesis
is: The gummy bear grows bigger in distilled water than in tap water.
(a) In Amy’s test,
(i) what is the independent variable? (1 mark)

analyse
Type of water
(ii) what is the dependent variable? (1 mark)

analyse
Size of gummy bears
(iii) suggest one controlled variable. (1 mark)

analyse
Amount of water / Temperature of water / How long the gummy bears are put into
water (any one or other reasonable answers)

Introducing Science
(b) Here shows Amy’s

set-up:
100 cm3 of 100 cm3 of
tap water
(at room
iced distilled
water 1
temperature)
gummy bear gummy bear
Why is Amy’s test unfair? (2 marks)

explain
Sectional Exercise
If any gummy bear becomes bigger, it may be due to
(i) the water temperature or (ii) the type of water .
(c) In the space provided below, draw how to modify her set-up so that
the test is fair. (3 marks)
create
Integrated Exercise
100 cm3 of 100 cm3 of
tap water distilled water
(at 20 °C) (at 20 °C)
gummy bear gummy bear

(d) Finally Amy carries out a fair test. She obtains the following results:
Length of gummy bear
Before putting into water 1.5 cm
After putting into tap water 3.5 cm
After putting into distilled water 4.5 cm
(i) Do the results support Amy’s hypothesis? Yes (1 mark)

analyse
(ii) What can Amy conclude? (1 mark)
analyse
The gummy bear grows bigger in distilled water than in
tap water.

Introducing Science
1.3 The science laboratory
True-or-false
1 (5 marks)
1. In the laboratory, a fume cupboard protects people from exposure

to toxic gases. T / F remember
Sectional Exercise
2. We should only report accidents involving injuries to the teacher. T / F remember
3. We should not point the mouth of a test tube towards anyone

while heating. T / F remember
4. Dangerous chemicals should only be used in a fume cupboard. T / F remember
5. To put out a fire, we must remove the fuel that causes the fire. T / F analyse
Integrated Exercise
6. In the school, we usually do experiments in the laboratory . remember
7. A gas tap is a valve (活門) used to control the fuel supply for
burning in a Bunsen burner.
analyse
8. We should follow the safety rules in the laboratory to avoid

accidents. remember
9. For a fire to start, (a) oxygen , (b) fuel and a high

temperature are needed. These three conditions form the fire triangle. remember
10. Which of the following shows the correct way of using an eye wash bottle? remember
A. B. C. D.

Introducing Science
11. Look at the hazard warning label printed on a can of glue shown below.
What safety precaution(s) should be taken when handling it? remember
Sectional Exercise
(1) Wear safety goggles and gloves.
(2) Use it in a well-ventilated (空氣流通的) place.
(3) Keep it away from fire and heat.

A
B. (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)
Integrated Exercise
12. We should not pour flammable chemicals
into the sink. Why? analyse
A. The chemicals can corrode (腐蝕) the

sink and the pipes.
B. The chemicals can pollute (污染) the
water inside the pipes, and the water

cannot be used anymore.
C. An open flame can cause fire in the sink.
D. This ensures that the disposed chemicals
C
will not be mixed with others.
13. When there is some chemical spilling on the

hand, what should we do at once? remember
A. Remove the chemical on the hand using

tissue paper.
B. Wash the hand with running water slowly.
C. Use alcohol to sterilize the hand.
B
D. Call 999.

Introducing Science
14. Which of the following combinations about fire-fighting equipment

and the condition removed from the fire triangle is correct? analyse
Condition removed
1 Fire-fighting equipment from the fire triangle
A. sand bucket oxygen
B. fire blanket fuel
C. fire sprinkler (灑水器) fuel
Sectional Exercise
A
D. carbon dioxide-type fire extinguisher high temperature
15. Write down the names of the following equipment in the boxes provided. (5 marks)
remember
(a) (b) (c)
Integrated Exercise
water tap and sink sand bucket gas tap
(d) (e)
electric socket fume cupboard
10

Introducing Science
16. Match the following hazard warning labels with their potential hazards.
Write i to v in the spaces below. (5 marks)
remember
Hazard warning labels
1
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
Sectional Exercise
Potential hazards
i. Causes painful burns
ii. Causes an explosion when heated or shaken violently
iii. Causes irritation to eyes, skin or respiratory tract
Integrated Exercise
iv. Causes hazards to health or even death
v. Catches fire easily
(a) ii (b) v (c) iv (d) i (e) iii
17. Match the following accidents with the corresponding ways to handle them.
Write i to v in the spaces below. (5 marks)
analyse

Accidents Ways to handle them
(a) The finger is cut by broken glass i. Slowly wash the affected area with
pieces. running water.
(b) Some chemical is spilled into ii. Tell your classmates to pay attention
the eye. to it and tell your teacher.
(c) A beaker is broken accidentally. iii. Clean and sterilize the wound.
(d) A dish of oil catches fire. iv. Put it out with sand.
(e) The hand gets a slight burn after v. Wash the affected area with distilled
touching a hot object. water from an eye wash bottle.
(a) iii (b) v (c) ii (d) iv (e) i
11

Introducing Science
18. Real-life scenario In each of the following cases, state which condition(s) in the
fire triangle is/are removed to stop burning. (5 marks)
analyse
1 (a) Blowing out the flame of (b) Covering the fire in a wok
a candle with a lid
Sectional Exercise
high temperature oxygen

Integrated Exercise
(c) Beating burning plants with fire beaters (火拍)

oxygen
(d) Turning off a gas stove (e) Dropping water bombs (水彈)
on hill fires
fuel high temperature and oxygen
12

Introducing Science
19. The following picture shows some students in the laboratory.
1
C
Sectional Exercise
D
Integrated Exercise
E

(a) There are five potential dangers in the picture. Circle them out and mark
them as A, B, C, D and E. (5 marks)
analyse
(b) Briefly explain why each of the above is dangerous. (5 marks)
explain
A: The student may take in the chemicals or germs covered on the food or on the hand.
B: The hair may be contaminated by chemicals or get burnt easily.
C: The students may knock over somebody who is doing an experiment.
D: The hot liquid inside the test tube may spill out and hurt the student.
E: The sweater is placed too close to the Bunsen burner and may catch fire easily.
13

Introducing Science
1.4 Laboratory apparatus and basic

experimental skills
1
True-or-false (5 marks)
1. We can use a dropper to transfer a small amount of water from

Sectional Exercise
a beaker to a conical flask. T / F remember
2. Test tubes are used to hold liquids only. T / F remember
3. When there is some unused chemical left, we should pour it back

into the container storing it. T / F remember
4. Before lighting a Bunsen burner, we should open the air hole. T / F remember
Integrated Exercise
5. We can measure the volume of a drop of water using a 100 cm3

measuring cylinder directly. T / F analyse
6. In the laboratory, we often use a pair of tongs to pick up

hot objects. remember
7. We can adjust the size of the air hole of a Bunsen burner by turning the
collar . remember
8. The diagram below shows the sectional diagram of a beaker . remember
9. To heat a test tube containing alcohol, we should heat it indirectly using

a hot water bath . remember
10. The difference between a measured value and the true value is called
a/an error in measurement. remember
14

Introducing Science
11. Skill (Experiment) Below are the steps involved in lighting a Bunsen burner. 1
(a) Ignite the gas lighter.
(b) Check if the rubber tubing is tightly connected to the gas tap.
(c) Adjust the size of the air hole to get a suitable Bunsen flame.
Sectional Exercise
(d) Put a heatproof mat under the Bunsen burner.
(e) Turn on the gas tap.
(f) Close the air hole.
(g) Put the tip of a gas lighter over the chimney.
Which of the following shows the correct order? remember
A. (b) ➔ (d) ➔ (g) ➔ (f) ➔ (e) ➔ (a) ➔ (c)
Integrated Exercise
B. (b) ➔ (d) ➔ (f) ➔ (g) ➔ (a) ➔ (e) ➔ (c)
C. (b) ➔ (f) ➔ (d) ➔ (a) ➔ (e) ➔ (g) ➔ (c)
B
D. (b) ➔ (a) ➔ (d) ➔ (e) ➔ (g) ➔ (f) ➔ (c)
12. Skill (Experiment) Sam is taking solution A from a dropping bottle using
a dropper, as shown below:

A A A A
What is/are going wrong with the steps? remember
(1) Before putting the tip of the dropper into solution A, he should not release
the rubber bulb.
(2) When taking the dropper out of the bottle, he should not release the rubber
bulb.
(3) The test tube should not be held vertically.

A
B. (2) only D. (2) and (3) only
15

Introducing Science
13. Skill (Experiment) Which of the following show(s) the correct way(s) of mixing
solutions? remember
(1) (2) (3)

1
Sectional Exercise
A. (1) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
B
D. (1), (2) and (3)
Integrated Exercise
14. Skill (Experiment) Martin is measuring the volume of a foam ball as shown.
(Assume the volume of the thread is negligible (可忽略).)
cm3 cm3 cm3
30 30 30
20 20 20
foam ball
10 10 10
weight weight
water
What is the volume of the foam ball? analyse
A. 2 cm3
B. 4 cm3
C. 11 cm3
A
D. Cannot be determined
16

Introducing Science
15. Skill (Experiment) Anna is

stone
measuring the mass of a
stone as shown. What is
the mass of the stone?
2.00 g 155.00 g
analyse
1
A. 153 g C. 157 g
D
B. 155 g D. Cannot be determined
Sectional Exercise
16. Match the following apparatus with their uses. Write i to v in the spaces below. (5 marks)
remember
Apparatus
(a) (b) (c)
Integrated Exercise
(d) (e)

Uses
i. To hold test tubes
ii. To stir liquids
iii. To transfer a small amount of solids
iv. To protect the bench from heat
v. To hold gases
(a) ii (b) iii (c) i (d) v (e) iv
17

Introducing Science
17. Label the parts of the Bunsen burner shown below. (5 marks)
remember
1 (c) chimney
(a) collar
Sectional Exercise
(d) air hole
(b) base
(e) rubber tubing

Integrated Exercise
18. Skill (Drawing) Draw the sectional diagrams of the following apparatus in the
spaces provided. (5 marks)
remember
(a) Beaker (b) Conical flask (c) Test tube
(d) Wire gauze (e) Tripod
18

Introducing Science
19. Skill (Experiment) Write down the reading of each of the following
measuring tools. (5 marks)
analyse
(a) cm 3 (b) cm 3
1
60 9
Sectional Exercise
50 8
40 7
Volume = 52 cm3 Volume = 8.6 cm3
Integrated Exercise
(c)
Temperature = 34 °C
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 °C
°C
10 30 40 40
(d)

Temperature = 20.5 °C
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 °C
°C
10 20 25 40
(e)
Length = 4.8 cm
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
cm
19

Introducing Science
20. Amy and Ben want to measure the length of an Octopus card. Below shows
1 their measurement methods:

Sectional Exercise
Amy
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
cm
Integrated Exercise
Ben
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
cm
(a) Skill (Experiment) Consider Amy’s measurement.
(i) How long does each division of her ruler represent? (1 mark)
analyse
0.5 cm
(ii) What is the length of the Octopus card measured by her? (1 mark)
analyse
8.5 cm
(b) Skill (Experiment) Now consider Ben’s measurement.
(i) How long does each division of his ruler represent? (1 mark)
analyse
0.1 cm
(ii) What is the length of the Octopus card measured by him? (1 mark)
analyse
8.6 cm
20

Introducing Science
(c) Skill (Error analysis) Whose ruler causes smaller errors in measurement?
Why? (2 marks)
explain
Ben’s ruler (Amy’s ruler / Ben’s ruler) causes smaller errors in 1
measurement, because each division of his ruler is smaller .
(d) Charles wants to measure the thickness of the Octopus card. However,
he does not have rulers. He only has some paper squares with sides of
Sectional Exercise
1 cm. He then makes his own ruler using the paper squares as shown:
Integrated Exercise
(i) Skill (Error analysis) Can Charles get an accurate measurement directly

by using his ruler? Why? (2 marks)
explain
No, because each division of his ruler is too large.
(ii) STEM Without changing the ruler, suggest two ways for Charles to
make a more accurate measurement. (2 marks)
create
(1) Increase the number of the Octopus cards measured and then divide the total
thickness by the number of the cards.
(2) Make each division of his ruler smaller by folding the paper squares into halves.
21

Introducing Science
Integrated
1 Exercise

Sectional Exercise
1. NOS Which of the following statements about science is incorrect? s. 1.1

analyse
A. Scientific knowledge will be changed when there are new findings.
B. Scientific discoveries always help us understand more about nature.
C. Doing experiments is always the first step of a scientific study.
D. The development of scientific knowledge is based on observations
C
and experimental results.
Integrated Exercise
2. Skill (Fair test) Alan wants to find out how the head design of a paper airplane
affects its travelling distance in air.
sharp head blunt head
Which of the following correctly shows the independent variable, the

s. 1.2
dependent variable and a controlled variable of his test? analyse
Independent variable Dependent variable Controlled variable

A. The head design of the The force that Alan The travelling distance of
paper airplanes throws the paper airplanes the paper airplanes in air
B. The head design of the The travelling distance The force that Alan
paper airplanes of the paper airplanes throws the paper
in air airplanes
C. The travelling distance The force that Alan The head design of the
of the paper airplanes throws the paper paper airplanes
in air airplanes
D. The travelling distance of The head design of the The force that Alan
the paper airplanes in air paper airplanes throws the paper airplanes B
22

Introducing Science
3. Skill (Fair test) Elsie wants to find out whether sugar dissolves faster in
water than salt. Which of the following set-ups should she use for her
s. 1.2
investigation? analyse
C.
1
A.
50 cm3 of 80 cm3 of 50 cm3 of 50 cm3 of

tap water tap water distilled water tap water
Sectional Exercise
5 g of 5 g of 10 g of 10 g of
salt grains sugar grains salt grains sugar grains
B. D.
80 cm3 of 80 cm3 of 50 cm3 of 50 cm3 of

tap water tap water tap water tap water
5 g of 5 g of 10 g of 5 g of
B
salt grains sugar grains salt powder sugar powder
Integrated Exercise
4. Skill (S.I.) A Marathon (馬拉松) committee (籌委會) finds a number of runners
to do a test. The table below shows the data obtained:
Number of runners Number of runners

who completed the who completed the
competition in competition in
< 4 hours > 4 hours

Do the runners eat Yes 83 27
energy bars during
the competition? No 35 65
s. 1.2
From the data obtained, what can the committee conclude? analyse
A. More than half of the runners who have not eaten energy bars during
the competition can complete it in less than 4 hours.
B. Whether a runner eats energy bars during the competition does not
affect his/her results.
C. Most runners who have eaten energy bars during the competition
can complete it in less than 4 hours.
D. Besides eating energy bars, enough training is also needed for
C
runners to get better results.
23

Introducing Science
5. Look at the hazard warning label printed on a bottle of insecticide (殺蟲劑)

s. 1.3
shown below. What safety precaution(s) should be taken when handling it? analyse
1
Sectional Exercise
(1) Wear safety goggles and gloves.

(2) Use it in a well-ventilated place.
Integrated Exercise
(3) Keep it away from fire and heat.

C
B. (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)
6. Skill (Experiment) Which of the following should be done when using a Bunsen
s. 1.4
burner? remember
(1) Wear safety goggles.
(2) If the Bunsen flame goes out suddenly, the first thing to do is to tell
the teacher.
(3) Keep books and paper away from it.

C
B. (1) and (2) only D. (1), (2) and (3)
7. Skill (Experiment) Amy wants to take a small amount of solid chemical from
s. 1.4
a reagent bottle. Which of the following apparatus should she use? analyse
A. B. C. D.
24

Introducing Science
8. Skill (Experiment) Mark is transferring solutions A and B to a test tube, as

shown:
solution A solution B 1
A B A B
Sectional Exercise
solution A
s. 1.4
What is/are going wrong with the steps? analyse
(1) He should not put the tip of the dropper outside the test tube.
(2) The dropper is not cleaned before taking solution B.
(3) The volumes of the solutions taken are not enough.
Integrated Exercise
A. (1) only
B. (1) and (2) only
C. (2) and (3) only
B
D. (1), (2) and (3)
9. Skill (Experiment) Which of the following shows the correct way to take a
s. 1.4
reading from a measuring cylinder? analyse

cm3
40 Q
P
R
30
S
A. P
B. Q
C. R
C
D. S
25

Introducing Science
10. Skill (Experiment) What is the length of the dry cell shown below? s. 1.4
analyse
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Sectional Exercise
cm
A. 4.6 cm
B. 5.2 cm
C. 5.4 cm
A
D. 6.6 cm
Integrated Exercise
11. Skill (S.I.) Macy proposed the following hypothesis:

‘A person becomes overweight if he/she sleeps at or after 1:00 am every night.’
She finds 10 classmates to test the hypothesis. She records their BMI* and
the time that they go to bed every night.
* BMI is a common factor of physical fitness. It is

calculated by the following formula:
weight (kg)
BMI =
height 2 (m2)
<18.5: underweight
18.5—22.9: normal
23.0—24.9: overweight
26

Introducing Science
She then plots the following graph to present the data:
BMI
24
1
23
22
Sectional Exercise
21
20
19
18
Time that he/she

10:00 11:00 12:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 goes to bed
pm pm am am am am every night
Integrated Exercise
(a) In this investigation,
(i) what is the independent variable? (1 mark)

s. 1.2
The time that the classmate goes to bed every night analyse
(ii) what is the dependent variable? (1 mark)

s. 1.2
BMI of the classmate analyse

(b) How many classmates who sleep before 1:00 am every night are
not overweight? (Hint: People having BMI equal to or over 23.0 are
regarded as overweight.) (1 mark)
s. 1.2
Four analyse
(c) How many classmates who sleep at or after 1:00 am every night are
overweight? (1 mark)
s. 1.2
Four analyse
(d) From the answers in (b) and (c), what can Macy conclude? (1 mark)
s. 1.2
People tend to become overweight if they sleep at or after 1:00 am every night. analyse
(e) Suggest a reason for those exceptions (例外). (1 mark)

s. 1.2
He/She may have rest in the daytime. / His/Her metabolic rate may differ.
explain
27

Introducing Science
12. Skill (S.I.) Our fingerprints (指紋) can be classified into three basic patterns:
whorl (螺紋), arch (拱紋) and loop (循環紋). Forensic scientists (法醫科學家)
always make use of the classification system to identify criminals (犯罪者).
1
Sectional Exercise
whorl arch loop
(a) Below shows the information of the suspects (疑犯) in three crimes (罪案)
A, B and C.
Suspects’ information of crime A:
Name Gender Age Fingerprint pattern

Integrated Exercise
Chan Tai Man male 32 loop
Kwok Siu Ping male 30 arch
Lee Wing Fat male 42 arch
Suspects’ information of crime B:

Lee Siu Man female 48 whorl
Wong Ying Ying female 42 arch
Chan Ka Ling female 40 loop
Suspects’ information of crime C:
Cheung Siu Ming male 72 arch
Ma Shui Lin male 73 whorl
Ng Ka Lung male 53 whorl
28

Introducing Science
Using the information provided, screen out (篩出) the suspects that are
not the criminals. (3 marks)
s. 1.2
Criminal in crime A
• male
Criminal in crime B
• female
Criminal in crime C
• male
analyse
1
• age range: 30–35 • age range: 40–50 • age: 70–75
• fingerprint • fingerprint • fingerprint
pattern: arch pattern: loop pattern: whorl
Sectional Exercise
(i) Chan Tai Man, (ii) Lee Siu Man, (iii) Cheung Siu Ming,
Lee Wing Fat Wong Ying Ying Ng Ka Lung
(b) In fact, forensic scientists further classify the three basic fingerprint
patterns into smaller groups. What is the advantage of doing this? (1 mark)
Integrated Exercise
s. 1.2
To reduce errors in identifying criminals.
analyse
13. Skill (Experiment) Janet is heating a chemical in

a test tube using a Bunsen burner, as shown.
A
She has made five mistakes.

C
E
Circle the mistakes and mark them with A to E. Then write down what
should be done to correct them. (5 marks)
s. 1.4
A: Wear safety goggles. analyse
B: Tie up long hair.
C: Do not point the test tube towards anyone while heating.
D: Put the books and paper away from the burner.
E: Put a heatproof mat under the burner.
29

Introducing Science
Long Questions (20 marks)

14. Skill (Fair test) Wendy and her younger sister are playing on the
1 swings in a park. She observes that her sister’s swing moves

faster than hers. So she proposes the following hypothesis:
‘If a person on a swing is lighter, the swing takes a
Wendy’s
shorter time to swing to and fro one time.’ sister Wendy
Sectional Exercise
Wendy wants to do an experiment to test her hypothesis. Below shows some

experimental set-ups:
Set-up A Set-up B Set-up C
thick thick thin thin thick thin

string string string string string string
100 g
Integrated Exercise
steel ball
200 g 200 g 100 g 200 g 100 g
steel ball steel ball steel ball steel ball steel ball
(a) Consider the variables in this investigation. (1 mark)

s. 1.2
(i) State the independent variable. Mass of the steel ball analyse
(1 mark)
(ii) State the dependent variable. Time taken for the steel ball to swing to and fro one time s. 1.2
analyse
(iii) State one controlled variable. Thickness of the string / Length of the string (1 mark)
s. 1.2
(any one or other reasonable answers)
analyse
(b) To ensure the test is fair, which set-up should she use? Why? (2 marks)
s. 1.2
She should use set-up B because only the mass of explain
the steel balls is different .
(c) Why are the other two set-ups not suitable? (2 marks)
s. 1.2
Set-up A is not suitable because if the time taken for the steel explain
ball to swing to and fro one time is different, it may be due to the difference in mass of the
steel balls or the difference in length of the strings .

Set-up C is not suitable because if the time taken for the steel
ball to swing to and fro one time is different, it may be due to the difference in mass of the
steel balls or the difference in thickness of the strings .

30

Introducing Science
(d) In preparing the experimental set-ups, she needs three measuring

instruments. What are they? State the function for each of them. (3 marks)
s. 1.4
A balance—for measuring the mass of the steel balls
A ruler—for measuring the length of the strings

analyse
1
A stopwatch—for measuring time
15. Skill (Reading) Read the passage below, and answer the questions that follow.
Sectional Exercise
The cause of stomach ulcers
Before 1980s, it was not easy to cure (治療) stomach ulcers (胃潰瘍). In 1982, two Australian
doctors, Dr Barry Marshall and Dr Robin Warren, carried out an investigation to find out the
cause of stomach ulcers.
Integrated Exercise
They found that a kind of bacteria was always present near the
inflammation (發炎) area in the stomach.
They then searched for related information. Based on the findings,

they proposed that stomach ulcers might be due to the presence
of such bacteria.
They grew the bacteria for experiments. In one experiment,

Dr Marshall drank a solution of the bacteria. He got a stomach

ulcer a week later.
They analysed the results and concluded that stomach ulcers

were caused by the bacteria. The bacteria were later named as
Helicobacter pylori (幽門螺旋菌).
Because of their work, stomach ulcers can now be cured by taking

a kind of antibiotics (抗生素). To acknowledge their work,
Dr Warren and Dr Marshall were given a Nobel Prize in
Medicine in 2005.
31

Introducing Science
(a) Write down the steps of a scientific investigation described in the

following paragraphs. (4 marks)
s. 1.2
1 Paragraph 2: analyse
Making observations
Paragraph 3:
Doing background research and proposing a hypothesis
Sectional Exercise
Paragraph 4:
Designing and conducting experiments
Paragraph 5:
Analysing results and drawing a conclusion
(b) Was the doctors’ work a discovery or an invention? Why? (2 marks)

Integrated Exercise
s. 1.1
It was a discovery because the bacteria already existed and nobody found it before. explain
(c) Why did the doctors think that stomach ulcers might be due to the
presence of a kind of bacteria? (1 mark)
s. 1.2
This was because they noticed that a kind of bacteria was always present near the explain
inflammation area in the stomach.
(d) Was it wise for Dr Marshall to drink the bacteria solution for experiment?
Why? (1 mark)
s. 1.2
No, because it is dangerous. (or other reasonable answers) explain
(e) What attitudes of the doctors enabled them to make their work
successful? Suggest two. (2 marks)
s. 1.2
• They were curious about the things happening around them. analyse
• They were persistent and did not give up easily.
• They have good critical thinking skills.
(any two or other reasonable answers)
32

Introducing Science
High-order Thinking
Question 1
Real-life scenario Skill (Fair test) Anna and Chris observe
that there are different materials for making eco
Sectional Exercise
shopping bags. These materials include non-woven
fabric (不織布), woven polypropene (聚丙烯) and
nylon (尼龍). They want to do an experiment to
compare their strength.
Integrated Exercise
Below shows their experimental design:
non-woven
fabric bag

woven
polypropene
bag
Let me put 1 kg weights into

each bag and record the number
of 1 kg weights that each bag
can hold until it breaks.
nylon
bag
Chris Anna
33

Introducing Science
(a) Consider the variables in their experimental design.
(i) State the independent variable. (1 mark)

s. 1.2
1 The eco shopping bag analyse
(ii) State the dependent variable. (1 mark)

s. 1.2
The number of 1 kg weights that the bag can hold until it breaks analyse
Sectional Exercise
(iii) State one controlled variable. (1 mark)

s. 1.2
How the eco shopping bag is fixed (or other reasonable answers) analyse
(b) The teacher says that their experimental design may cause errors.
What is doing wrong with their design? (2 marks)
s. 1.2
The bags have different designs and shapes. This makes the experimental analyse
results not reliable.

Integrated Exercise
(c) In the space provided below, draw how to modify their design for more
accurate results. (3 marks)
s. 1.2
create
• Add weights to clipped pieces of the three materials, as shown:
woven nylon
non-
polypropene
woven
fabric
weights weights weights
• Measure how much each of the three materials can stretch. / Record the number
of weights that each of the materials can hold until it breaks.
34

Introducing Science
(d) Anna and Chris finally carry out an experiment. They obtain the
following data:
Material
non-woven woven
nylon 1
fabric polypropene
Number of 1 kg
weights that the 12 20 16
material can hold
Sectional Exercise
From the data obtained, what can Anna and Chris tell about the relative
strength of the three materials? (1 mark)
s. 1.2
The strength of the materials increases in the order: non-woven fabric < nylon < woven
analyse
polypropene
Integrated Exercise
(e) Besides strength, what other things do manufacturers need to consider
when choosing materials to make eco shopping bags? Give one. (1 mark)
s. 1.2
Waterproof property / mass / cost / whether the materials are degradable (any one or other
analyse
reasonable answers)
35

Unit 1 Workbook ANSWER

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Unit 1 Workbook ANSWER

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Introducing Science

1.2 Working like a scientist

Circle T for a true statement and F for a false one.

3. Studying science can help us understand all things happening

High-order Thinking Question

Write down the missing words on the lines.

6. A scientist is a person who develops scientific knowledge through

7. The (a) discovery of X-rays came from an incidental (偶然的) observation

M01_ASCI_WB_1A_HKG_8443_U01.indd 1 6/7/2018 16:33

8. Technology is the practical use of science. For example, we can use

1 9. Pattern seeking is a scientific method. We can use it to find out

Choose the best answer for each question.

10. Which of the following is/are the work of a scientist? remember

(1) Doing information search

A. (3) only C. (2) and (3) only

11. NOS In the past, people thought that the Earth

Sun moved around the Earth through

Sun. Which of the following does this show? analyse

A. Science has limitations.

12. Skill (S.I.) Which of the following is a good hypothesis? analyse

A. Fresh milk is better for health than soy milk.

M01_ASCI_WB_1A_HKG_8443_U01.indd 2 6/7/2018 16:33

independent variable, the dependent variable and

10 cm3 of no fertilizer 10 cm3 of fertilizer

High-order Thinking Question

A. (1) and (3) C. (2) and (3)

M01_ASCI_WB_1A_HKG_8443_U01.indd 3 6/7/2018 16:33

Short Questions (20 marks)

15. Skill (S.I.) The photo shows a golden fish

1 in a water tank. Observe the golden

• It has (b) scales covering

fair testing pattern seeking classifying

(a) To divide micro-organisms (微生物)

(b) To find out which brand of vacuum

flasks (保温瓶), A or B, is better for

(c) To find out what factors affecting the

(d) To find out whether people with

(e) To find out which paper towel absorbs

M01_ASCI_WB_1A_HKG_8443_U01.indd 4 6/7/2018 16:33

High-order Thinking Question

Let me do a fair test by cleaning

(d) Proposing a hypothesis (e) Designing and conducting experiments

M01_ASCI_WB_1A_HKG_8443_U01.indd 5 6/7/2018 16:33

18. STEM The design of a pen involves many areas

1 Imagine you were going to design a pen. What

• how the different parts are put together

• how long the pen can be used

• whether ink refill is available

• whether the ink flows easily

(or other reasonable answers)

Long Question (10 marks)

19. Skill (Fair test) Skill (Drawing) Amy finds that

gummy bear gummy bear (after

(a) In Amy’s test,

(i) what is the independent variable? (1 mark)

(ii) what is the dependent variable? (1 mark)

(iii) suggest one controlled variable. (1 mark)

M01_ASCI_WB_1A_HKG_8443_U01.indd 6 6/7/2018 16:33

(b) Here shows Amy’s

Why is Amy’s test unfair? (2 marks)

gummy bear gummy bear

High-order Thinking Question

Length of gummy bear

Before putting into water 1.5 cm