Paper 1

Student book answers questions

Question Answers Extra information Mark

the independent variable is 1

thickness of insulation
01.1
the dependent variable is the
time for the water to cool 1
between two fixed temperatures
two of: 2

type of insulation

starting temperature of the water

01.2
volume of water

size of temperature drop of the

water
01.3 +/- 1 oC 1
correct straight line between 1
01.4
points
01.5 2 minutes 1
the thicker the insulation, the 1
smaller the rate of energy
01.6 transfer from the tank

they are proportional 1

any sensible suggestion (e.g., 1
01.7 use a temperature probe, repeat
the tests, etc.)
1 mark each for working and 2
02.1 27.6 J
answer
accept 500 W 2
02.2 499 W
1 mark each for working and
answer
1 mark each for working and 2
02.3 106 Ω
answer
to ensure the plates do not get 1
02.4
too hot
1 mark each for working and 3
answer of 20oC
02.5 35 oC
An answer of 35oC gains 3
marks
88 years (allow 87.5 – 88.5 1 mark each for using graph 2
03.1 years)
1 mark for correct answer
a helium nucleus (or 2 protons 1
03.2
and 2 neutrons)

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 Paper 1
Student book answers questions
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alpha radiation 1

cannot penetrate skin 1

03.3
but if ingested is highly ionising 1
and can cause cancer
same number of protons 1
in the nucleus

same number of electrons 1

04.1
different number of neutrons in
the nucleus 1

X = 94, Y = 234, Z = He 3
04.2
05.1 hydroelectric 1
examples: 6
• nuclear power and coal
power stations provide ‘base
load’ electricity
• nuclear power and coal
1 or 2 marks for a simple
power stations take a longer statement(s)
time to start up
• gas and renewable sources 3 or 4 marks for a comparison of
provide additional energy for at least two of reliability of use
peak times or environmental issues or cost
for at least two of the energy
• gas and renewable stations
05.2 resources
have shorter start up times
• burning fossil fuels 5 or 6 marks for a comparison of
contributes to global reliability of use and
warming environmental issues and cost
• nuclear energy problems, for at least two of the energy
resources.
such as high de-
commissioning costs and
disposal of nuclear waste
• renewable energy is not as
reliable and costs more

gravitational potential 1
kinetic 1
06.1
thermal 1
chemical 1

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stored gravitational potential 5

energy

06.2 transfers to kinetic energy

then transfers back to stored

gravitational potential energy
energy is transferred as thermal 1
06.3 and sound energy to
surroundings by friction
1 mark each for workings and 2
07.1 12.74 N
answer.
1 mark each for workings and 2
07.2 101.9 J
answer.
101.9 = 0.5 x 1.3 x v2 1
V2 = 156.8 1
07.3
V = 12.5 1
m/s 1
although there is no direct 1
relationship between the height
and number of refills
the number of refills increases
1
between 2 m and 6 m
or
07.4
the best height to hang bird
feeder is between 6 m and 7 m
at 8m the bird feeder is too 1
close to the branch so birds do
not use because cats or
squirrels
the cable is 3-core and the 1
plastic lawnmower does not allow: use a 2-core cable
08.1
need an earth wire without an earth wire

when the current exceeds the 1

fuse rating,
08.2 1
fuse melts and cuts off the
electricity supply
the outer casing is 1
plastic/insulator
08.3 1
the wires are covered with
insulation

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touching the live wire produces 1

a large potential difference
across our body
08.4
this causes a current to flow 1
through our body to earth

resulting in an electric shock 1

technetium-99 3
(because) it has a short half-life
so does not remain in the body
09.1 too long
(and) emits gamma radiation
which can be detected outside
the body
09.2 1/32 2
radioactive contamination is the 2
unwanted presence of materials
09.3
containing radioactive atoms on
other materials
so that the findings can be 1
09.4
checked by peer review
immerse the ornament in water 2
10.1 and measure the amount of
water displaced
10.2 density = mass / volume 1
density of ornament 3
= 13910g / 720cm3
10.3 = 19.32 g/cm3
yes the ornament is made of
solid gold
the ice molecules are in a fixed 1
position and vibrate slightly
about their position

the energy supplied from the 1

warm room gives the molecules
kinetic energy
11.1
the solid ice molecules gain 1
sufficient energy to break their
solid bonds

the molecules then move 1

around the container they are
held in as a liquid
11.2 3.34 × 105 J/kg 3

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brown is live 1
12.1 blue is neutral 1
green/yellow is earth 1
the live wire carries the 1
alternating potential difference
from the supply

the neutral wire completes the 1

12.2
circuit

the earth wire is a safety wire to 1

stop the appliance becoming
live
50 Hertz means 50 cycles a 2
12.3
second
12.4 240,000 joules (800 × 5 × 60) 3
Q = E/V 4
12.5
1043 coulombs

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