signature: 100

version number
Uzochukwu Nwabuisi (upn64)

EXAM 3
Spring 2015

Sparks 12:30 Class (50160)

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 Version 100 – Exam 3 – sparks – (50160)
This print-out should have 25 questions.
Multiple-choice questions may continue on
the next column or page – find all choices
before answering.
001 4.0 points
After 5 hours, the concentration of NH3 de-
creased from 0.62 M to 0.22 M in a particular
first-order chemical reaction. What is the
corresponding rate constant?
1. 0.853 hr−1
2. 20.7 hr−1
3. 12.43 hr−1
4. 0.207 hr−1 correct
Explanation:
none
002 4.0 points
Homogeneous and heterogeneous Pd(II) cat-
alysts are often used to generate a carbon-
carbon bond. Which of the following state-
ments must be true for these reactions?
1. The energy barrier of the chemical reac-
tion is higher with a catalyst than without a
catalyst.
2. The catalyst can be used one time, but it
cannot be regenerated.
3. The homogeneous catalyst can be eas-
ily separated and recovered from the reaction
mixture.
4. The addition of the catalyst converts the
exothermic reaction to an endothermic reac-
tion.
5. The addition of the catalyst lowers the
energy barrier of the chemical reaction. cor-
rect
Explanation:
none
2
003 4.0 points
A sample of a radioisotope initially gives off
radioactivity at a rate of 5000 counts/s. After
24 hours, the reading is 1250 counts/s. What
is the half-life of the substance?
1. 24 hours
2. 6 hours
3. 12 hours correct
4. 15 hours
5. 8 hours
Explanation:
none
004 2.0 points
What is true about E = mc2 ?
1. It is true only for chemical reactions.
2. It is true for all reactions, although only
in nuclear reactions do we see any measurable
amount of mass converted to energy. correct
3. It is true for all reactions, although only in
chemical reactions do we see any measurable
amount of mass converted into energy.
4. It is true only for nuclear reactions.
Explanation:
none
005 4.0 points
When 4 grams of hydrogen nuclei under go
fusion to form helium in the sun, the change
of mass is 0.0265 g and energy is released.
How much energy is released?
1. 7.95 × 103 kJ
2. 7.95 × 1011 kJ
3. 2.39 × 109 kJ correct
4. 7.95 × 106 kJ
 Version 100 – Exam 3 – sparks – (50160) 3

5. 2.39 × 1015 kJ

counts/s
2.
Explanation:
none t

counts/s
006 2.0 points
3.
What is the overall order of reaction for the
following rate law? t

counts/s
rate = k[NO]2 [O2 ]
4.
1. 0 t

counts/s
2. 2
5.
3. 1 t

counts/s
4. 3 correct
6. correct
5. 4 t
Explanation:
none Explanation:
All nuclear decay is first order decay which
007 2.0 points

counts/s
How would this reaction be best categorized? is an exponential decay...
27 4 30 1
13 Al + 2 He → 15 P + 0 n
t
1. fusion 009 4.0 points
Nuclear fuel pellets contain both 235 U and
238 U. What is different when comparing the
2. radioactive decay
pellets with uranium found in nature?
3. fission
1. The pellets are enriched in 238 U, to allow
4. transmutation correct them to have enough non-fissile material so as
Explanation: to not allow the nuclear reaction to get out of
none control.

008 4.0 points 2. The pellets contain the same percentages

The radioactivity emitted by a substance
undergoing radioactive decay is measured as
a function of time. Which plot accurately
demonstrates this relationship?
counts/s
of 235 U and 238 U as in nature, just manu-
factured into the correct shape for the fuel
rods.
3. The pellets are enriched in 235 U, to allow
them to have enough fissile material to sustain
a nuclear reaction. correct

1.
Explanation:
t none
 Version 100 – Exam 3 – sparks – (50160) 4
2. bimolecular, unimolecular, bimolecular
010 4.0 points
A reaction with two different reactants 3. monomolecular, bimolecular, trimolecu-
(A + B → Products) is first order in A and lar
first order in B (second order overall). This
reaction can be run such that it is pseudo-first 4. unimolecular, bimolecular, unimolecular
order in B. This is achieved by running the correct
reaction where
Explanation:
none
1. the concentrations of A and B are equal
thus making the reaction to be first order
overall in B. 012 (part 2 of 2) 4.0 points
What is the overall rate law?
2. the concentration of A is so much larger [A][D]
than that of B that the concentration of A 1. rate = k [B] correct
remains essentially unchanged during the re-
action which makes the reaction to appear 2. rate = k[C][D]
overall first order in B only. correct
3. rate = k[E]
3. the concentration of A is set to zero and
therefore B will be the only reactant. 4. rate = k[E][D]
[F][E]
4. the concentration of B is so large that 5. rate = k [B][C]
the reaction becomes first order overall in B Explanation:
only. none
5. the initial concentration of A is set to 013 4.0 points
1 M so that the reaction rate mathematically Here is a portion of a nuclide band of stability
converts to first order overall in B. plot (from 110 158
46 Pd to 66 Dy). What is the most
Explanation: likely decay for 13258 Ce which is shown as a
When the rate law is k[A][B] and the con- circle, bC ?
centration of A is set very very high compared r r r
r
rrr r
90 r r
to B, it’s value doesn’t really change during r
r
the course of the reaction. That makes the r
r r r rr r
rr
neutrons

concentration a constant and would then be 80 r rr

r
r
r
r bC
r rrr
part of the value of a new rate constant k r
rrr r
r rr
where k ′ = k[A]. This leaves the new rate law 70 r
r
r
r
r
to just be rate = k ′ [B]. r rrr
r
rr r r
60
011 (part 1 of 2) 2.0 points 40 50 60 70
protons
Consider the following mechanism.
I. A ⇀↽ B + C fast equilibrium 1. positron emission correct
II. C + D ⇀ ↽ E fast equilibrium
III. E → F slow 2. alpha decay
What is the molecularity of the elementary
steps, I, II, and III respectively? 3. spontaneous fusion

1. bimolecular, unimolecular, unimolecular 4. beta (-) decay

 Version 100 – Exam 3 – sparks – (50160) 5
5. spontaneous fission
1. 110.7 ◦ C correct
Explanation:
The nuclide is on the proton rich side of the
2. 298.7 ◦ C
band of stability which means the nucleus will
most likely undergo positron emission which
3. 36.7 ◦ C
has the net effect of converting a proton into
a neutron and a positron particle.
4. 408.7 ◦ C
014 4.0 points Explanation:
192 Ircan be used to treat tumors. In this none
treatment, an 192 Ir pellet is encased in a plat-
inum shell and surgically placed in the tumor 017 2.0 points
to be destroyed. The platinum shell prevents Which would have a greater mass?
the radiation from entering the body but
can be penetrated by the radiation. 1. sum of the masses of 7 individual protons
and 7 individual neutrons correct
1. All types of radiation would be able to
penetrate the platinum shell. 2. Both of these would have equal masses.

2. gamma; alpha and beta 3. 14 N nucleus

Explanation:
3. alpha and beta; gamma correct
none
Explanation:
none 018 4.0 points
Determine the rate of reaction of the following
015 2.0 points chemical equation.
Which of the following conditions could affect
the rate of reaction? N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) → 2NH3 (g)

1. all of the other answer choices are correct

∆[H2 ]
correct 1. rate = − 3∆t
∆[H2 ]
2. catalyst 2. rate = 3∆t
3∆[H2 ]
3. temperature 3. rate = − ∆t correct

4. medium 4. rate = − 3∆[H

∆t
2]

Explanation:
5. concentration
none
Explanation:
none 019 2.0 points
Generating electricity using nuclear reactions
016 4.0 points has advantages and disadvantages. Which is
The rate of a given reaction is 0.14 M/s at a major drawback to nuclear power plants?
room temperature. What temperature is
needed in order to double the rate of this 1. nuclear power will increase the level of
reaction which has an activation energy of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and ac-
1.34 kJ/mol? celerate global warming.
 Version 100 – Exam 3 – sparks – (50160) 6
the order of this reaction?
2. the immediate possibility of a nuclear
explosion. 1. 3

3. the electricity generated and distributed 2. 1 correct

is slightly radioactive.
3. 2
4. the dilemma of just where and how to
dispose of the spent fuel rods. correct 4. 0
Explanation: Explanation:
none none

020 4.0 points 023 4.0 points

Write and balance the nuclear equation in The half-life for the following chemical equa-
which 235 U absorbs a neutron and forms 87 Br tion is 15.8 minutes with the corresponding
and 146 La. What else is in the products? rate constant 6.76 × 10−4 M/s. What is the
original concentration of SO2 Cl2 ?
1. one alpha particle
SO2 Cl2 → SO2 (g) + Cl2 (g)
2. three beta particles
1. 1.28 M correct
3. one neutron
2. 1.03 M
4. three neutrons correct
3. 0.88 M
5. one beta particle
Explanation: 4. 1.56 M
none Explanation:
none
021 4.0 points
When 239 Puis bombarded by a(n) , the 024 4.0 points
products are 242 Cm and one neutron. Consider the decomposition of peroxynitric
acid. How long will it take for the concentra-
1. beta (-) particle tion of HO2 NO2 to decrease to 22 percent of
its original value, 0.84 M? The rate constant
2. neutron is 1.25 × 10−8 M−1 s−1

3. alpha particle correct 1. 787 years

4. positron 2. 2.8 × 106 years

5. gamma ray 3. 43.6 years

Explanation:
none 4. 32.8 years

022 2.0 points 5. 10.7 years correct

The plot of ln [A] vs. time provides a straight Explanation:
line for a specific chemical reaction. What is none
 Version 100 – Exam 3 – sparks – (50160) 7

025 20.0 points

This question is merely a placeholder for
the points in the hand-graded portion of the
exam. Do not bubble any answer choice in.
Explanation:
nothing to explain