Garment Care: I. II. Consumer Care Guide Iii

Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: HE 10-2ND SEM- 2020-2021
College: _Human Ecology____

Campus: _Bayombong_______
DEGREE BTLE COURSE HE 10

PROGRAM NO.
SPECIALIZATION BTLE COURSE Clothing Selection, Purchase and
TITLE Care
YEAR LEVEL 3RD TIME 3 WK.NO. 16 IM.NO. 5-13
FRAME hrs.
I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE: Garment Care

II. LESSON TITLE: CONSUMER CARE GUIDE
III. LESSON OVERVIEW:

This module focuses its topics on the familiarize the students with the different stains
and how to remove it and how to sort, launder, dry and iron garments base from the tips
given.
IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES

Given different classroom and other practical conditions, the students must be able to:
 Familiarize different stains and how to remove it.

 Demonstrate how to sort, launder, dry and iron garments base from the tips given
V. LESSON CONTENT
A. Stain Guide for Washable Fabrics

General Stain Guidelines
 Treat stains promptly. Fresh stains are easier to remove than old ones. If the stain is on
a no washable fabric, take it to the dry cleaner as soon as possible, and describe the
nature of the stain and the fiber content of the garment.
 Read and carefully follow package directions when using any stain removal product.
In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material
may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 1 of 11
IM No.: HE 10-2ND SEM- 2020-2021
 Always test stain removers on an inside seam or other hidden part of garment for color
fastness. To test, apply product and let stand 2-5 minutes, then rinse. If color changes,
do not use product on garment.
 When using a bleach, do not try to bleach just one area of garment; bleach the entire
garment to prevent uneven color removal.
 When treating, place stained area face down on a clean paper towel or white cloth.
Apply stain remover to the underside of the stain, forcing stain off the fabric surface
instead of through it.
 Never put chemical dry-cleaning solvents directly into washer.
 Thoroughly rinse and air dry areas treated with dry-cleaning solvents before placing in
washer, to avoid a fire.
 Do not mix stain removal products together. Some mixtures, such as ammonia and
chlorine bleach, can produce noxious fumes.
 Always launder washable items after treating to remove residues of the stain and the
stain remover.
 Have patience; it takes a little extra time and effort to remove some stains.
 Remember, some stains cannot be removed.
Stain Removal Guide
Blood - Always read and follow the care instructions and any warnings on the garment
label. And, follow these General Rules for stain removal. Treat blood stains immediately.
 Flush cold water through the stain and scrape off crusted material.
 Soak for 15 minutes in a mixture of 1 quart of lukewarm water, 1/2 teaspoon liquid hand
dishwashing detergent, and 1 tablespoon ammonia. Use cool/lukewarm water. Heat can
permanently set protein stains. Rub gently from the back to loosen stain.
 Soak another 15 minutes in above mixture. Rinse. Soak in enzyme product for at least
30 minutes. Soaked aged stains for several hours. Launder.
 If the blood stain is not completely removed by this process, wet the stain with hydrogen
peroxide and a few drops of ammonia. Caution: Do not leave this mixture longer than 15
minutes. Rinse with cool water.
 If blood stain has dried, pretreat with prewash stain remover, liquid laundry detergent, or
a paste of granular laundry product and water. Launder using bleach safe for fabric.
Butter, Cooking Oils/Fats, Margarine, Mayonnaise, Vegetable Oil - Always read and
follow the care instructions and any warnings on the garment label. And, follow these
General Rules for stain removal.
IM No.: HE 10-2ND SEM- 2020-2021
 Treat light stains with a pretreatment spray stain remover and wait a couple minutes for
it to penetrate. Rub with a heavy-duty liquid laundry detergent. Launder
 If color stain remains, launder with chlorine bleach if safe for the fabric, or use an all-
fabric bleach. Always test for colorfastness before using bleach.
 Place heavy stains face down on clean paper towels. Apply dry cleaning fluid to the back
of stain. Replace towels frequently. (Carefully read and follow instructions on the product
package.) Let air dry; rinse. Launder in hottest water safe for the fabric.
Chocolate - Always read and follow the care instructions and any warnings on the
garment label. And, follow these General Rules for stain removal.
 Treat the stain with a prewash spray or pretreat with a product containing enzymes. Rub
with heavy-duty liquid detergent. Launder.
 If stain remains, relaunder with bleach that is safe for the fabric. If stain still remains,
treat as a "Dye Stain."
Candle Wax - Always read and follow the care instructions and any warnings on the
garment's label. And, follow these General Rules for stain removal.
 Harden wax by rubbing with ice. Remove surface wax by carefully scraping with the dull
edge of a butter knife.
 Sandwick the wax stain between folded paper towels and press with a warm (not hot)
iron. Replace paper towels frequently to absorb more wax and to prevent transferring the
stain. Continue as long as wax is being removed.
 Place stain face down on clean paper towels. Sponge remaining stain with a prewash
stain remover or dry-cleaning fluid; blot with paper towels. Let dry, then launder. Note: If
any color remains, relaunder with a bleach that is safe for the fabric.
Correction Fluid, White Out® - Always read and follow the car einstructins on the
This is a real tough one, and may be permanent. It can penetrate into the fabric and
when it dries coats the fibers in a harden "plaster." Unless there are instructions on the
product label, you can try specific stain removal products available at the grocery or drug
store, such as Carbona's "Stain Devils® or take the stain to your dry cleaner and tell
them to treat it as a paint stain.
Dinginess, Yellowing, Graying - Always read anbd foolow the care instruction and any
warnings on the garment label. And, follow these General Rules for stain removal.
There are several reasons why fabrics gray, yellow, and become dingy, including not
using the right amount of detergent (i.e., using too much or too little detergent),
insufficient rinsing, and/or the wash water temperature is too low. To reburbish clothing
from these discolorations:
IM No.: HE 10-2ND SEM- 2020-2021
 Wash with a permanent press cycle in hot water, use a cool-down rinse on permanent
press and use one cup of water conditioner instead of detergent.
 If the discoloration remains, either repeat this procedure or wash with the correct amount
of detergent and either all-fabric bleach or chlorine bleach, if safe for the fabric. (always
check for colorfastness first.)
 If the fabric is white, consider speciality products available in grocery or drug stores,
such as Rit's "Whitener and Brightener" to whiten the fabric.
 Always separate and wash your whites separate from colors. And, don't put heavily soil
garments with lightly soiled items.
 Also see "Yellowing" in this list.
Dye Stains, Dye Transfer - Dye stains (incl. mustard, etc.) can be very difficult to
remove. Always read and follow the care instructions and any warnings on the garment
label. And, follow these General Rules for stain removal.
 Soak the entire garment in a dilute solution of all-fabric powered bleach. Check the
garment care label and check for color fastness first. And, be aware that during soaking
all colors may be lightened.
 If the stain remains and the garment is colorfast, soak the entire garment in a dilute
solution of liquid chlorine bleach and water. Again, test for colorfastness first.
 Caution: Chlorine bleach may change the color of the garment or cause irreversible
damage. Therefore, it is important to check for color fastness before using. If the stain
does not come out within 15 minutes of bleaching, it cannot be removed by bleaching,
and any further exposure to bleach will weaken the fabric.
 Note: To check for color fastness to liquid chlorine bleach, mix 1 tablespoon of bleach
with 1/4 cup of water. Use an eyedropper to put a drop of this solution on a hidden seam
or pocket edge inside the garment. Let it stand two minute, then blot dry. If there is no
color change it is safe to use the product. Powered bleaches have directions for doing
colorfastness tests.
 There are also a number of dye removers/strippers, such as one from Rit, which are
available in drug and grocery stores. However, color removers will also take out fabric
colors as well as the stain.
Epoxy Glue - Always read and follow the care instructions and any warnings on the
garment's label. And, follow these General Rules for stain removal.
Epoxy type glues may be impossible to remove. You might try using dry cleaning
solvent, which may cause the glue to swell so that it can be removed by scraping with
the dull side of a butter knife. Read the product label and proceed carefully when using
dry cleaning fluid.
Grease, Hand Lotion, Makeup (oil-based), Ointment/Salve, & Motor Oil - Always
read and follow the care instructions and any warnings on the garment label. And, follow
these General Rules for stain removal.
IM No.: HE 10-2ND SEM- 2020-2021
 Saturate light stains with a pretreatment spray stain remover and wait several minutes
for it to penetrate. Rub with a heavy-duty liquid laundry detergent. Launder
 If color stain remains, launder with chlorine bleach if safe for the fabric, or use an all-
fabric bleach. Always test for colorfastness before using bleach.
 Place heavy stains face down on folded paper towels. Apply dry cleaning fluid to the
back of stain. Replace towels frequently. (Carefully read and follow instructions on the
product package.) Let air dry; rinse. Launder in hottest water safe for the fabric.
 If color stain remains, treat as a "Dye Stain."
Gum - Gum may be very difficult to remove if it has been in the dryer. Always read and
 Hold ice on the the gum to harden it.

 Crack or scrape off what you can using the dull side of a butter knife.
 Spray with an aerosol pretreatment product, and let stand for five minutes.
 Rub with heavy duty liquid detergent. Launder.
 Repeat, if necessary.
Ink (solvent soluble) - Always read and follow the care instructions and any warnings
on the garment label. And, follow these General Rules for stain removal. With ink you
generally need to act fast to have a chance. Also, the heat in the dryer can set the stain.
 First, sponge the area around the stain with denatured alcohol. Then apply the alcohol
directly on the stain.
 Next, place the stain face down on clean white, paper towels. Apply alcohol to the back
of the stain. Replace towels frequently. Continue until no further ink is removed. Then
rinse thoroughly.
 Rub with heavy duty liquid detergent and launder in hottest water safe for fabric, with
bleach safe for fabric. Always check for color fastness first.
 Instead of alcohol, you could use dry cleaning solvent, such as Carbona, Energine,
Goddard's. (Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the product lable. These
products are toxic.) Also, first try a hidden inside seam to be sure any garment dye won't
be affected.
 Some inks on white fabric may be removed with a dye stripper. You should be able to
find this in areas where package dyes are sold. For stains on colored fabrics, check for
dye stability in a hidden area before using. Also, be aware that these products will affect
any colors on the fabric.
Ink (permanent) - Permanent inks are almost impossible to remove. Always read and
 To have any chance you need to treat immediately. The first step is to force water
through the stain before it dries to remove excess ink. Allow to dry.
IM No.: HE 10-2ND SEM- 2020-2021
 Sponge the stain with dry cleaning solvent (read and follow the directions carefully, it is
toxic). Allow the fabric to dry. Rub a liquid detergent into the stain. Rinse.
 Soak the stain in warm water to which 1 to 4 tablespoons of household ammonia have
been added.
 Rinse and repeat if stain is lessoning. Launder.
 Some inks on white fabric may be removed with a dye stripper. Follow package
instructions. For stains on colored fabrics, check for dye fastness in a hidden are before
using. Also, be aware that these products will affect all colors on the fabric.
Rust - Removing rust stains can be difficult. Rust stains cannot be removed in normal
laundering. Do not use chlorine bleach, chlorine bleach will make the stains permanent.
Always read and follow the care instructions and any warnings on the garment label.
And, follow these General Rules for stain removal.
 Small stains may be removed with a few drops of a commercial rust remover, or by
repeated applications of lemon juice and salt on the stain. Do not let dry between
applications.
 Rinse thoroughly and launder with a liquid laundry detergent and oxygen bleach,
following directions.
 If safe for fabric, boil in solution of 4 teaspoons of cream of tartar per pint of water. Rinse
thoroughly.
 Severe rust staining may be removed with a commercial rust remover, such as RoVer or
Whink. Follow package instructions. But rust removers that contain hydrofluoric acid are
extremely toxic, can burn the skin, and will damage the porclain finish on appliances and
sinks.
Yellowing - Always read and follow the care instructins and any warnings on the
Some fabrics which are white or pastel colored contain optical brighteners or fluorescent
whitening agents (FWAs) which were applied during manufacturing. These agents can
decompose when exposed to light and atmospheric conditions, or prolonged storage
conditions. In some cases, the entire fabric becomes dingy or develops a yellow cast. In
other cases, the yellowing develops only where exposed to light. The FWAs can also be
damaged by the use of chlorine bleach.
 Unfortunately, once the FWAs are damaged, the whitening agents can't be reapplied to
the fabric.
 All fabric bleach or the use of specialty products available in grocery or drug stores, such
as Rit's "Whitener and Brightener" may help. Carefully read and follow the instructions
on the product label, and check for colorfastness first.
 Also see "Dinginess, Yellowing, Graying," in this list.
Definitions
IM No.: HE 10-2ND SEM- 2020-2021
Detergent - all-purpose synthetic detergent (liquid or powder). Use liquid detergent full
strength; mix powder with water to form a paste when working into stain.
Dry-Cleaning Solvent - stain and spot removers available at grocery and hardware
stores. A nonflammable type is safest to use.
Stain Stick - an enzyme-based cleaner available at grocery and discount stores. Most
effective on food, grease, oil, protein, and dirt-based stains and can be used on any
fabric and color. It can remain on fabric for up to one week.
B. LAUNDRY TIPS
INDEX OF TIPS
 Care Labeling Rule

 Tips on Sorting
 Tips on Stain Removal
 Tips on Washing
 Tips on Drying
 Tips on Ironing
Refer to our Stain Removal Guide for treating specific stains on washable fabrics.
A little common sense and effort in laundering can extend the life of a garment. While some
consumers prefer the economy of buying garments they can wash, others are looking for the
convenience of dry cleaning. Regardless, proper handling and cleaning will have the following
benefits:
 Garments will maintain a fresh appearance longer

 Color fading will be minimized
 Damage to fabric from laundering will be reduced
 The useful life of fabric will be extended, making your money go farther
Care Labeling Rule
To assist consumers in getting proper information about clothing care, the U.S. Federal
Trade Commission's Care Labeling Rule, as amended in 1983, requires manufacturers and
importers to attach care labels giving full instructions for at least one satisfactory method of care
necessary for ordinary use of the garment. The rule also requires that the manufacturer or
importer possess, prior to sale, a reasonable basis for care instructions. So, read the label!
1. TIPS ON SORTING
 Sort articles by color, keeping whites, darks, and medium colors together. Lighter
garments can pick up dyes from darker colors.
IM No.: HE 10-2ND SEM- 2020-2021
 Separate man-made fabrics, like polyester from natural fibers such as cotton. Man-made
fibers can attract the oils that are released from natural fibers during washing. These oils
can build up and make spots more noticeable.
 Wash heavily soiled, dirty, items separately from slightly soiled items. This will help
prevent fading and keep colors brighter.
 Try to have large and small items in each washer load. This will let the items move more
freely during the washing cycles.
 Sort delicate fabrics and loose knits from "tougher" fabrics.
 Garments which generate lint, such as fleece sweat shirts and towels, should be washed
separately.
 It used to be you could help make dyes colorfast by adding 1/2 cup of WHITE vinegar to
the washer, before adding the clothes. However, this does not work on today's dyes. If
dyes bleed, continue to wash the garment separately until no color bleeds in the wash
water.
2. TIPS ON STAIN REMOVAL
 Deal with the stain as soon as possible. The longer you wait the more time the stain has
to soak in and/or dry, making it more difficult to remove.
 Lift or gently scrap off any excess material from the fabric. Use a cloth or a towel to
gently blot and soak up any liquid. Don't rub! Rubbing can spread the stain and cause it
to penetrate deeper into the fabric.
 Identify what caused the stain. In order to know what to do for the stain, you need to
know what caused it.
 Follow the instructions on any presoak, prewash or stain removers. It's best to test a
small out of the way area of the fabric first.
 If stains aren't entirely removed after washing, try rewashing the item. Allowing the item
to dry, or putting it in the dryer, can set the stain for good.
3. TIPS ON WASHING
 Be sure to check the label for proper care instructions, including the water temperature
and wash cycle to use.
 Don't overload the washer. If the washer is too full, the clothes won't get enough
agitation, and may not get clean. Also, all the detergent may not be dissolved, leaving
globs of detergent paste on fabric.
 Make sure the items are equally distributed around the tub of the washer to keep the
load balanced during spinning cycles.
 To minimize wrinkling when washing fabrics containing man-made fibers, wash in
hot/warm water using a permanent-press cycle. If your machine does not have a
permanent-press cycle, use warm/cool water.
 Very important tip - Always be sure to check the pockets of all garments before washing
and drying. The stains and damage which can result from one hidden lipstick, lip balm,
stick of gum or crayon goes beyond words!
4. TIPS ON DRYING
IM No.: HE 10-2ND SEM- 2020-2021
 Lightly shake out items taken from the washer, before placing them in the dryer. Tightly
balled up fabric dries slower and will likely come out wrinkled.
 Don't overload the dryer. A stuffed dryer will not allow the items to tumble. Drying will be
slower and clothes will wrinkle.
 Keep like garments together. Permanent press items should not be dried with towels,
and delicate items, such as lingerie should be dried separately.
 All clothes should be left in the dryer just long enough to remove wrinkles and moisture.
Any longer and the heat can actually "set" wrinkles, increase static cling, and cause
shrinkage. This can be true for both natural and man-made fibers.
 Use the proper heat setting and time cycle. Don't use a high or regular setting for all
clothes. Read the label! Fabrics made from fibers which have low moisture absorbency
are fast drying and should be dried using a low temperature setting. This includes:
Acrylic
Nylon
Polyester
Polyolefin
Microfibers
 After removing garments from the dryer, immediately hang them up or fold them. Don't
let them lie in a heap. This can cause them to wrinkle.
 Permanent press items should be taken out slightly damp and hung on a non-rust
hanger. Close clasps and button buttons. Straighten fabric lines and creases, and gently
brush out any wrinkles.
 Keep the lint filter clean. A clogged filter increases drying time and costs more money in
electricity/gas usage.
5. TIPS ON IRONING
 Use the washing and drying tips to reduce the amount of wrinkles from laundering.
 Be sure you read the care label for the proper ironing procedure and temperature setting
to use.
 Do not iron items which are dirty or stained. Heat from the iron will set stains.
 Keep the iron and the ironing board cover clean to avoid soiling the clean
garments/fabric being ironed.
 Garments which are drip-dry should be pressed while damp on the wrong side, using a
cool iron. If finishing the right side, use a pressing cloth.
 Circular knits and sweaters should be laid flat to dry.
VI. LEARNING ACTIVITY
IM No.: HE 10-2ND SEM- 2020-2021
Laboratory Exercises No. 13
VII. ASSIGNMENT
VIII. EVALUATION (Note: Not to be included in the student’s copy of the IM)
IX. REFERENCES
Quality Control for the Garments Industry. 2005. Philippine Trade Training Center.
Department of Trade and Industry, Philippines.
Microsoft® Encarta® Reference Library 2005. © 1993-2004 Microsoft
Corporation. All rights reserved.
College Student Consumer Knowledge: A Nationwide Test. Consumer Federation of

American and American Express Company. 1993
High School Student Consumer Knowledge: A Nationwide Test. Consumer Federation of

American and American Express Company. 1991
A Guide to Small Claims Court. Legal Services of North Carolina, Inc. 1990
Knapp, John. The Benefits of Consumer Education: A Survey Report. National Institute
for Consumer Education, Ypsilanti MI. 1991
The Status of Consumer Education in United States Schools. National Coalition for
Consumer Education, Inc. 1990
U.S. Consumer Knowledge: The Results of a Nationwide Test. Consumer Federation of

America, TRW Foundation, Educational Testing Service. 1990
U.S. Office of Consumer Affairs - National Consumers Week announcements - "Know

Your Consumer Rights." 1994
Originally written by Justine Rozier and revised by Janice Holm Lloyd, Family Resource
Management Specialist for the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, North
Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.
The North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service prepared this publication as a public
service. It has been issued in print by the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service
as publication FCS-244 (May 1995).
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 10 of
11
IM No.: HE 10-2ND SEM- 2020-2021
Published by North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service.
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914.
Employment and program opportunities are offered to all people regardless of race,
color, national origin, sex, age, or disability. North Carolina State University, North
Carolina A&T State University, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and local governments
cooperating.
Electronic Publication FCS-244.
(July 1997-JHL)
Stain Removal Chart, Soap and Detergent Association, 1991;
Extension Service of Mississippi State University, Publication 1400;
Cooperative Extension Service Iowa State University, Quick 'n Easy Stain Removal, Pm-
858, 1986.
©1999 FabricLink. All Rights Reserved.
e-Resources
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber
http://www.fabriclink.com/care/clabel.cfm
http://www.fabriclink.com/Stains/Washable/genstains.cfm
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 11 of
11

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Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

College: _Human Ecology____

DEGREE BTLE COURSE HE 10

I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE: Garment Care

III. LESSON OVERVIEW:

IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES

 Familiarize different stains and how to remove it.

A. Stain Guide for Washable Fabrics

Stain Removal Guide

 Hold ice on the the gum to harden it.

 Care Labeling Rule

 Garments will maintain a fresh appearance longer

Care Labeling Rule

2. TIPS ON STAIN REMOVAL

VI. LEARNING ACTIVITY

Laboratory Exercises No. 13

College Student Consumer Knowledge: A Nationwide Test. Consumer Federation of

High School Student Consumer Knowledge: A Nationwide Test. Consumer Federation of

U.S. Consumer Knowledge: The Results of a Nationwide Test. Consumer Federation of

U.S. Office of Consumer Affairs - National Consumers Week announcements - "Know

Published by North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service.

North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.

©1999 FabricLink. All Rights Reserved.

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