GPON Technology

ZTE University
Contents

 GPON Basics
 GPON Working Principle
 GPON Key Technologies

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 GPON Technology Standard-G.984 Series
ITU-T G.984.1
•GPON general characteristics
•Protection switchover requirements
ITU-T G.984.2
•Physical Media Dependent(PMD) layer
specification
•Optical interfaces specification for
2.488Gbit/s downstream/1.244 Gbit/s
upstream
•Physical layer overhead definition

ITU-T G-984.1/2/3/4
ITU-T G.984.3
•Transmission Convergence layer
specification
ITU-T G.984.4
•GTC multiplex structure and protocol
•ONT management and control
•GTC frame structure definition
interface(OMCI) specification
•Specification of the ONU registration
•OMCI equipment management
method and various clarifications
architecture
•DBA specification
•OMCI principle introduction
•Alarms and performance

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 GPON System Architecture

ONT

OLT

Service Network G.652

ONT
Splitter
SNI

ONT CPN
NMS
Logical split ratio: 1:128

 Line Rate:
 ● 155 Mb/s up, 1.25 Gbit/s down 20km
 ● 622 Mb/s up, 1.25 Gbit/s down
Logical reach: 60km
 ● 1.25 Gb/s up, 1.25 Gbit/s down
 ● 155Mb/s up, 2.5Gbit/s down
 ● 622 Mb/s up, 2.5 Gbit/s down  Downlink wavelength: 1490nm
● 1.25 Gb/s up, 2.5 Gbit/s down

 Uplink wavelength:1310nm,
 ● 2.5 Gb/s up, 2.5 Gbit/s down
 Third party wavelength:1550nm

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 Components of GPON System

 OLT(Optical Line Terminal)

 Generically placed in the Central Office
 ONU(Optical Network Unit)
 Generically placed indoor or outdoor, such as on the desk,
dwelling, in the cabinet, etc. kinds of ONUs for different users
 ODN(Optical Distribution Network)
 Passive network with kinds of components

OLT ONT

Splitter Distribution Cabinet

CO

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Full Services Access
CATV
PC

FTTH ONU Phone

CATV IPTV
IPTV

Phone
Equipment Room PC
Internet ONU
HGW
WIFI
Laptop
FE/GE/10GE splitter
CO
SS
WDM
FTTB Modem PC

PSTN
E1/T1 OLT C300
Phone
FE/GE
BSC/RNC E1/STM-1
Cross-connection DSLAM
Cabinet of Fiber PC
splitter

Mobile Backhaul FTTO Phone

LAN Switch PC
CBU
HGW IPTV
PBX
Laptop FE/GE/E1 ONU
MDU
Office/Enterprise MDU PC
NodeB/BTS Phone Phone
Handset

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Contents

 GPON Basics
 GPON Working Principle
 GPON Key Technologies

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 GPON Downstream/Upstream Dataflow

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 GPON Technology Architecture

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 Protocol Stack for C/M Plane

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 Protocol Stack for U Plane

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 The Multiple Service Features for GPON System

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 GPON Frame Structure

125 s

125 s

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 Downstream Frame Structure

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 Upstream Frame Structure

Upstream GTC frame, 125us

ONU Burst ONU Burst ONU Burst

Allocation Allocation
PLOu PLOu Allocation intervals PLOu
intervals intervals

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 GEM Frame Structure

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 GPON Multiplexing Architecture

 ONU
 Optical Network Unit

 T-CONT
 Transmission Container

 GEM Port
 GEM：GPON Encapsulation
Method

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 Ethernet over GEM

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Contents

 GPON Basics
 GPON Working Principle
 GPON Key Technologies
 GPON DBA
 GPON QoS

 GPON Protection
 GPON Security

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 How does DBA function?

 T-CONT will report the status of its buffers so as to ask for upstream bandwidth assignment.
 OLT will give corresponding bandwidth to each T-CONT based on their buffer status, and the
assignment will be sent to each T-CONT in the downstream GTC stream.
 After receiving the bandwidth assignment, ONU will be responsible to give bandwidth to
each queue of each T-CONT.

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 GPON Bandwidth Types

 Fixed bandwidth
 After the T-CONT is activated, OLT will give it corresponding time slot regardless whether or not T-
CONT has upstream traffic requirement.

 Assured bandwidth
 The only difference with fixed bandwidth is that assured bandwidth can be shared .

 Non-Assured bandwidth
 Only after the assignment of fixed and assured bandwidth can non-assured bandwidth get its share.

 Best-Effort bandwidth
 Bandwidth with lowest priority. Only after the assignment of fixed, assured and non-assured can Best-
Effort get its share.

 Maximum bandwidth
 Regardless what the actual upstream demand is, the assignment bandwidth can not exceed maximum
bandwidth.
 Equal to the total of fixed, assured, non-assured and Best Efforts bandwidth.

 The priority is: fixed> assured >non-assured>best effort.

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 T-CONT

 T-CONT manages GPON upstream bandwidth assignment

 T-CONT contains GEM PORT and report buffer status to related OLT.
 T-CONT dynamically receives bandwidth authorization identified by
ALLOC-ID from OLT.
 Single T-CONT contains different service level GEM streams.
 Single T-CONT provides multiple physical queue and converge to one
logical buffer.
 T-CONT is transparent transmission entity, not changing any signal.
 OLT grants bandwidth authorization to one T-CONT.
 DBA-T-CONT status report describes one T-CONT logical buffer status.

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 GPON T-CONT Types

 Type 1 only consists of fixed bandwidth with defined time slot, suitable for service such as
E1/T1
 Type 2 only consists of assured bandwidth (defined bandwidth without defined time-slot),
suitable for services such as VOD.
 Type 3 consists of both assured and non-assured bandwidth, suitable for business customers.
 Type 4 only consists Best Efforts Bandwidth, suitable for for Internet Service.
 Type 5 is a mixture of Fixed, Assured and Best Efforts bandwidth, which is suitable for most
services.
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Contents

 GPON Basics
 GPON Working Principle
 GPON Key Technologies
 GPON DBA
 GPON QoS

 GPON Protection
 GPON Security

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 GPON End-End QoS Upstream
Ethernet port GEM port T-CONT GPON MAC Ethernet MAC
Queue 1

SP/WRR Ethernet PORT

Schedule GPON Queue 8
SP/WRR
PORT
Queue 1 Schedule

Ethernet PORT
DBA
Queue 8

802.1p mapping to GEM port

ONT OLT

 For upstream, traffic, with different priority, comes from ONT UNI will be classified by 802.1p and mapped to
different GEM port,
 GEM port will be connected with specific T-CONT, which is given specific type with different bandwidth to
guarantee the service QoS.
 On the OLT, the DBA will adjust the bandwidth of T-CONT dynamically. When traffic is out of GPON Mac,
which will be put into different queue of SNI port according the mapping of 802.1p to queue. High priority
will be put in high queue which will be sent first out of the port.

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 GPON End-End QoS Downstream
GPON MAC GPON MAC Ethernet MAC
Ethernet MAC

Queue 1

Traffic
Ethernet PORT
Unit
GPON GPON
Queue 8
PORT PORT
Queue 1
Traffic
Ethernet PORT Unit

Queue 8

ONT OLT

 For downstream, traffic with different priority, comes from SNI, will be classified
by 802.1p and mapped into the queue of traffic unit, which is given specific type
with different bandwidth to guarantee the service QoS
 On the ONT, traffic out of GPON Mac will be mapped to specific queue according
to the 802.1p.High priority traffic will be sent out first.

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Contents

 GPON Basics
 GPON Working Principle
 GPON Key Technologies
 GPON DBA
 GPON QoS

 GPON Protection
 GPON Security

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 Protection of PON-based network
Protection Mechanism of GPON

ONU/ONT #1
N:1 optical
G.984.1 – Duplex GPON system: PON LT splitter

Fibre duplex system OLT

PON LT

ONU/ONT #N Spare fibre

PON LT

ONU/ONT #1
N:2 optical
PON LT splitter

G.984.1 – Duplex GPON system: OLT

OLT-only duplex system
PON LT (1)

PON LT (0)
ONU/ONT #N

PON LT

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 Protection of PON-based network
The Protection of GPON
Double
ONU/ONT #1 N:1 optical
splitter
PON LT (1)
PON LT (0) OLT

G.984.1 – Duplex GPON system:

•Full duplex system PON LT (1)

PON LT (0)
ONU/ONT #N

PON LT (1)
PON LT (0)

G.984.1 – Duplex GPON system:

•Partial duplex system

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Contents

 GPON Basics
 GPON Working Principle
 GPON Key Technologies
 GPON DBA
 GPON QoS

 GPON Protection
 GPON Security

30
 Encryption of GPON System

 Encryption Method:AES-128  Encryption Key Resource: ONU

 Encryption Unit: PORT-ID  Encryption Key Update Request: OLT

 Encryption Direction: Downstream

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Thank you