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Electrostatic Painting Guide

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May 24th, 2018 Chad

Why Restoration With Electrostatic Painting Makes
Sense
The most common places you might see an electrostatically painted surface include
offices that use metal furniture as well as workplaces, gyms and schools with locker
rooms.
Other places and items that can benefit from the advantages of the electrostatic
painting process are:
File cabinets and storage shelves in large offices, storage facilities and retail
stores
Exterior metal walls on commercial or industrial buildings
Fences and railings at historic landmarks, public recreational areas or amusement
parks
Tubing for air ducts in commercial, industrial or school and other public buildings.
Commercial electorstatic painters and electrostatic painting equipment
manufacturers often refer to the device designed to atomize and spray the paint as a
“sprayer” or “paint gun.” That’s because it’s ergonomically designed to fit in your
hand like a gun.
What Is Electrostatic Painting?
Electrostatic painting is a process that uses specialized equipment to electrically
charge and fluidize powdered pigment, then spray the particles as a coating onto a
surface.
Classified as one of the “dry painting” systems of the powder paint it uses, the
electrostatic painting process eliminates volatile organic compounds (VOC’s),
hazardous pollutants (HAP’s) and solvents that are often found in other painting
processes.
The electrostatic charge used in this painting process acts in two ways:
It causes charged powder particles to behave like a liquid as they move through
the air and land on the targeted surface.
It facilitates attraction of unlike charges to each other. As positively charged
particles seek the nearest ground, a mutual pull connects them, then bonds the
coating to the grounded surface on which it’s sprayed.
The bonded coating made possible by the electrostatic painting process protects the
surface underneath from corrosion that may be caused by moisture and oxidizing
elements in the air. A high-quality finish restores the appearance to like-new
condition.
For porous substances, like wood, the electrostatically coated surface can protect
against moisture that attracts mold and fungus and can cause rot. On projects for
which wood, plastic or another conductive, more negatively charged material is the
target, special prep steps may be needed to ensure proper coating and a quality
finish.
A Brief History of Electrostatic Painting Technology
Electrostatic finishing was founded in 1931 by Harold Ransburg, when, as a young
man, he had to leave university studies to help his father’s business, Harper J.
Ransburg Co. in Indianapolis, IN. During Harold’s work of painting stoneware and
metal housewares, he experimented with equipment known to charge paint
particles, and developed a system of electrostatic painting called the “No. 1
Process.” The process was widely used for painting of munitions and supplies during
World War II.
As he continued experimenting, Ransburg learned he could negatively charge the
atomized paint particles and also charge the item to be coated — or make it a
neutral ground — creating an electrostatic field. This field then pulls paint particles
to the item. Through innovation, Ransburg developed the No. 2 Process in 1948 and
introduced a spray gun for that process in the mid-1950’s. The electrostatic
painting process and equipment became more widely used in the 1960’s.
Advancements, including applications outside of painting, continue today.
Commercial and industrial businesses, and institutions like schools,
hospitals and governments, can benefit from electrostatic painting technology and
processes that have been refined for more than 80 years. At Alpine Painting and
Restoration, we use this dependable process to make your projects the best they can
be.
How Does Electrostatic Painting Work?
From the start to the end of the electrostatic painting process, the operator uses the
specialized equipment to atomize the paint and control the connectivity and flow
between it and a grounded target.
To receive a charge and be electrostatically attracted to its surface target, the
conductivity and resistivity measures of paints used should be known. Electrical
resistivity represents a measure of how strongly a material opposes the flow of
electric current. Paint with a low resistivity readily allows the movement of an
electric charge.
Conductivity represents the reciprocal quantity to resistivity and a measure of a
material’s ability to conduct an electric current. For some projects, water-based
paints may be too conductive and not used with electrostatic painting equipment.
In powder coatings, conductivity agents are not needed as much because the
electrostatic paint gun nozzle atomizes the particles. Fewer conductivity agents
contribute to a reduction or elimination of pollutants.
The Locker Target Example
As an example, let’s look at a project for which you would hire a painting contractor
like us to complete — restoring lockers in a high school gymnasium locker room. We
would refer to the lockers as the “target” on which the paint will be sprayed.
Before spraying, we will complete preparations typically done to surfaces that will
be painted. For metal surfaces, this includes steps to remove dirt, contaminants,
loose paint, rust, scratches or graffiti.
For every project, prep work also includes mixing the paint according to instructions
provided by the electrostatic painting equipment manufacturer. Adherence ensures
proper atomization, viscosity, conductivity levels, even application and safety.
When we start the painting process, we will use the paint gun equipment to charge
the paint particles. Electrostatic painting equipment manufacturers refer to this as
atomizing the paint. Scientists and engineers refer to the process as ionizing the
paint particles.
The charged particles of the paint gun create an electrostatic field between the paint
gun nozzle and the grounded target. Principles of electrostatics come into play. With
the paint particles atomized, the grounded locker target pulls the oppositely
charged particles to it. We use this attraction to guide the flow of the charged
particles through the paint gun nozzle.
The paint particles land and bond only to the open surface area that’s grounded. As
the particles coat the target, the charge dissipates and returns to the power supply
through the ground, completing the electrical circuit. Because the charge of the
target locker surface changes once the bond between the unlike charges occurs, the
coated area stops pulling paint particles to it.
The electrostatic process is completed with an even, high-quality application of the
coating. Most of the atomized particle spray from the paint gun lands on and bonds
to the locker. Engineers call this “high transfer efficiency” and have measured this
paint application efficiency rate at over 90 percent when optimized.
How Can an Electrostatic Painter Be That Accurate?
With the right tools, a commercial painter can use electrostatics to influence the
path of the paint because the particles are small enough to be controlled by the
charge from the paint gun. At indoor project sites, the painter has added influence
to minimize air currents that might interfere with paint particle flow, and,
therefore, has more control over how fast the particles move to the target. This
gives the electrostatic paint gun operator the power to optimize paint and time use.

The painter’s selection of paint also contributes to the effectiveness of the

electrostatic painting system equipment, as some particles accept an ionizing
charge more readily than others. Equipment manufacturer engineers consider this
when designing and producing the products, and they will recommend the products
that meet the highest transfer efficiency standards while balancing finish quality
standards.
What Is Wrap or Wraparound?
Electrostatically charged paint particles are so attracted to the grounded target that
they tend to coat the side, edge, corner and backside surfaces that aren’t facing the
atomizer. This tendency reduces touch-up and clean-up labor, and it increases the
ratio of surface covered to paint volume.
What Equipment Does Electrostatic Painting Require?
Equipment required to paint items brought to an electrostatic painting facility
differs from equipment required to go to a client’s location where on-site work will
be completed and proper grounding safeguards applied.
Here we focus on equipment for commercial, industrial and institutional painting or
restoration projects that must be completed at the location of the items to be
painted. The electrostatic painting process equipment for this purpose must be a
portable system that includes the following:
Paint gun with atomizer: The main piece of equipment for electrostatic
application of paint. Over time, paint guns have become lighter in weight,
optimizing their portability to work at client sites. Most important to the design
of the gun are its ionizing apparatus and sprayer with a resistive, high-voltage
circuit that builds in safety. These may be automatic or manual. This design works
ergonomically to make finger control of the on/off switch and handling of the
spray nozzle simple. Many paint gun designs integrate voltage control to allow
the gun operator to easily adjust between a range of voltage levels.
Bell: At the end of the nozzle, the bell controls the delivery rate of the paint and
the paint application rate. The bell can be switched out depending on the size and
shape of the objects to be painted as well as other requirements of the specified
project.
Tank: The tank holds the paint until it’s pushed up through the fluid hose to the
paint gun. Tank sizes range in gallon capacity, allowing electrostatic paint system
operators to choose a reservoir size that fits the project size, mobility needs and
space limitations of the work site.
Compressor: This system component controls the mechanism that pushes the
paint from the tank to the paint gun. Compressors include pollution control
functions and safety features.
Power supply for the paint gun and compressor: This is basically a generator
with a series of high and low voltage power settings for electrostatic paint
applicators, adjustable to the operator’s use of a gun or industrial rotary
atomizer. The power supply controls the transfer efficiency of the paint gun while
maintaining safety. Display panels on the power supply unit allow the operator
and worksite manager to easily monitor and adjust voltage or current. Safety
features include displays that indicate cable faults or overloads, and a reset
switch.
 High voltage cable: As part of the electrostatic painting system, an integrated
part to ensure safe operation.
Fluid hose: Connects the compressor to the paint gun, serving as the channel
through which the paint particles travel before atomization.
Cart: Designed to organize the system components, the cart allows for easy
portability of the equipment to and at the work site. Like other components, the
design integrates system safety.
Accessories: These come in the form of finishing applicators that can be attached
to the end of the paint gun nozzle. Painters will use these according to the project
needs and worksite specifications.
Multi-valve assemblies: When needed, multiple valves make changing fluid
supply easy for projects requiring multiple colors or application of various
coatings.
Systèmes de contrôle de débit avec moniteurs :  ils permettent aux opérateurs
de contrôler plus efficacement l'utilisation de la peinture.
Les fabricants d'équipements de processus de peinture électrostatique vendent les
composants sous forme de systèmes intégrés. Cela garantit un fonctionnement
fiable, des finitions de qualité et la sécurité. Chez Alpine Peinture et Restauration,
nous utilisons des équipements Ransburg pour assurer le contrôle de la qualité et le
bon déroulement de votre projet.
Les cinq principaux avantages de la peinture
électrostatique
Les avantages de la peinture électrostatique proviennent de la technologie qui
exploite les principes électrostatiques. Une combinaison d'équipement
d'application de peinture et de technologie de formule de peinture a révolutionné
notre capacité à restaurer les actifs commerciaux, industriels et institutionnels.
Grâce aux innovations technologiques de plus de huit décennies, vous pouvez
réaliser les avantages suivants en choisissant la restauration plutôt que de jeter ou
de remplacer des objets précieux ou coûteux :
1. Réduction du gaspillage de peinture
Lorsque vous entendez des professionnels de la peinture et de la restauration parler
du processus de peinture électrostatique, vous les entendez souvent qualifier la
peinture de « revêtement ». Lorsque vous observez le processus de peinture
électrostatique et la façon dont les particules de peinture s'enroulent sur la surface
lorsque le pulvérisateur se déplace dans les coins et les courbes, vous comprendrez
pourquoi.
C'est la qualité d'emballage que la peinture prend qui maximise la quantité de
pigment qui se fixe puis se lie à la surface et réduit la quantité de peinture qui
manque la cible. L'efficacité du transfert, ou le pourcentage de la peinture utilisée
sans perte, est un pourcentage élevé de la quantité chargée dans le pulvérisateur.
Cette réduction des déchets pourrait se traduire par des économies allant de 25 $ à
75 $ par gallon de peinture, selon les autres méthodes à haute pression ou assistées
par air que le processus de revêtement électrostatique remplace.
2. Une surface peinte électrostatiquement lisse et homogène qui
a l'air neuve
La qualité de finition obtenue avec l'application de peinture électrostatique peut
vraiment  donner un aspect neuf à une installation qui a quelques années de retard . 
3. Des temps de peinture et de séchage rapides signifient des
temps d'arrêt plus courts pour votre entreprise
Similar to air spraying methods, the electrostatic process makes paint application
fast. Electrostatically applied paint dries faster than wet spray methods and doesn’t
require high-heat ovens. You no longer have to wait for weeks with rooms
temporarily out of use or for fumes to dissipate. Normal business can resume within
days.
4. A Durable Finish for Your High-traffic, Heavy-Duty Use
The bonding properties possible with the electrostatic process make for strong
protection against corrosion, weather wear and heavy use. Durability can be
especially valuable where your assets may be exposed to indoor or outdoor humidity
and moisture.
5. Overall Savings in Money and Time
The next time you’re considering discarding items that are still functional but “look
old,” consider having a contractor that specializes in electrostatic painting take a
look. You may find that restoration is a viable option. The right coat of paint could
extend your original investment and protect a still valuable item for years.
Trust Alpine Painting and Restoration for Your Facility
Painting Needs
When choosing a painting and restoration contractor for your commercial and
industrial needs, you’ll want one whose business longevity reflects the enduring
trust of satisfied clients. You should also choose a contractor whose electrostatic
painting equipment operators are knowledgeable in all aspects of the process,
equipment and materials, and disciplined in their safety practices.
For restoration and painting, and especially budget-conscious, safety-imperative
methods like electrostatic painting, the level of trust you’ll need is high. Alpine
Painting and Restoration has been delivering safety at the worksite and high-
quality final results to satisfied customers since 1990.
We’ve seen many technologies and methods come and go for almost three decades
now. Today’s electrostatic painting, which has been around for the last decade, may
improve or eventually be replaced by another technology or method — but our
approach will always be to apply current methods and technologies for durability,
longevity and budget. Our customers will always see that in the quality of service
and safety we deliver on-site, including our safe use of equipment and grounding
practices.
Pour en savoir plus sur la peinture électrostatique commerciale et industrielle pour
les actifs commerciaux et industriels tels que l'intérieur, l'extérieur et l'équipement
des bâtiments,  contactez-nous en ligne  ou appelez-nous au 215-348-4410. Nous
pouvons vous montrer des échantillons de la protection de surface de qualité, de la
durabilité et de la présentation esthétique que la peinture électrostatique offre pour
vos actifs les plus précieux.

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