MARINE FISH & INVERTEBRATES

Taxonomy: classifying organisms

Linnaeus System
Kingdom Animalia (animals), Plantae (plants), Protista (single-celled
organisms), Fungi (mushrooms), Archaebacteria, Eubacteria
Phylum • With a backbone (vertebrates): Chordata
• Without a backbone (invertebrates): Porifera (sponges), Cnidaria
(jellies,anemones), Arthropod (insects), Mollusk (squid, snails),
Annelid (segmented worms), Echinoderm (sea star)
Class Large groups with generalized characteristics
Order Few generalized characteristics
Family Share many common features
Genus Closely related, but genetically isolated species
species Successfully produce viable offspring when organisms mate
 Taxonomy: Market Squid

Common Market squid # species Traits

name
Kingdom Animalia >1,100,000 Animals
Phylum Mollusca 80,000 Soft-bodied
Class Cephalopoda 800 Head-footed
Order Teuthida 300 Squid
Family Loliginidae 47 Inshore squids
Genus Doryteuthis 8 American dist.
species opalescens 1 Opalescent
inshore squid
Scientific Doryteuthis 1
name opalescens
 Taxonomy: Pacific Mackerel

Common name Market squid Pacific mackerel

Kingdom Animalia Animalia

Phylum Mollusca Chordata
Class Cephalopoda Actinopterygii
Order Teuthida Perciformes
Family Loliginidae Carangidae
Genus Doryteuthis Trachurus
species opalescens symmetricus
Scientific name Doryteuthis Trachurus
opalescens symmetricus
www.fishbase.org
 Natural History
• Scientific study of living organisms (animals,
plants, fungus, bacteria…)
– Especially concerned with observation
rather than experimentation
• What organisms do, how they
react to each other & their
environment, how they are
organized into larger groupings
like populations & communities
– Includes: diet, behavior,
habitat range (where
found), size, appearance
(color, shape…),
reproduction (eggs, live
birth), lifespan
Life History Comparison of Fish & Squid
How fast is your fish?
The fins may show you.....

The Mackerel’s dorsal DORSAL FIN

fins tucks into a groove (Balance,
in its back when it is some
swimming protection)

Look at
& feel teeth CAUDAL FIN (tail)
What is the fish’s (Locomotion & Power
(Forked = fast,
feeding strategy? Paddle = slow)
 OPERCULUM (bony structure protects gills)

Breathing:
Fish open
mouth to take
in water & pass
over gills
 SQUID Life History
MANTLE
•Protects inner organs
•Takes in H2O for propulsion
& breathing

SIPHON
•Discharges water taken in by
the mantle for Jet-propelled
movement

FINS
•Steering &
Stabilization
 Beak structure
Dorsal view
(Back Side)
Fin: length/width
approx. equal
Mouth (eats
Body with a beak)
(mantle):
Pen: slender
remnants of
squid’s shell

Tentacles: 2;
Eye: transparent skin
suction cups on
cover eye lens; well
clubs only; clubs
developed
are long,
narrow and Arms: 8; arms
unexpanded short, suction
covered
 START YOUR INCISION

OPEN THE SQUID

LIKE THIS
 Gonad: male
Gill hearts: pump
O2 just into the
Caecum gill
(stomach) Gills:
absorb O2
Heart: carries from water
O2 to the rest of
the body
Ink sac: elongate
silvery/black
sac; releases ink
Intestine when in danger
Female Squid

Ovary: where
the eggs are
produced

Nidamental
gland: produces
a gelatinous
material that
hardens when
secreted over
eggs for
protection
ANTERIOR PORTION
1 – GILLS (takes
Oxygen out of
water)
2 – HEART (pumps
blood)
3 – LIVER (filters
toxins out of blood)
4 - PYLORIC CAECA
5 - SMALL
INTESTINE
6 - STOMACH
7 - SWIM BLADDER
 1 - SWIM BLADDER
POSTERIOR PORTION
(sac they fill with
gas like a balloon -
aids vertical
movement &
floating)

2 – GONAD (males
whitish, females
yellowish, look
similar)
3 - LARGE
INTESTINE
4 – URINARY
BLADDER
5 - ANUS
 QUIT COMPLAINING,
YOU COULD BE
CUTTING UP THIS ONE.

24 FOOT LONG SQUID

(WITH ITS TENTACLES
EXTENDED)