APSA L/LC/LE Nitrogen Generators Catalogue

APSA L/LC/LE Nitrogen Cryogenic 2007
Air Liquide Standard Plant Engineering

Vitry Industrial Center
4, Rue des Fusillés
94 781 Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex
France
Tel: +33 (0)1 45.73.66.66
Fax: +33 (0)1 46.80.44.40
APSA L
2007 Catalogue
The information contained in this document is

CONFIDENTIAL and for INTERNAL use only.
This document should not be copied or transferred.
CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

Property of l'Air Liquide. copying forbidden, additional copies may be provided upon request, by the issuing department.
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Table of Contents
1 Foreword__________________________________________________________________________ 3
2 General ___________________________________________________________________________ 3
2.1 Markets’ applications ___________________________________________________________ 3
2.2 Purity ________________________________________________________________________ 4
2.3 Pressure ______________________________________________________________________ 4
2.4 Process _______________________________________________________________________ 5
3 Design basis and conditions ___________________________________________________________ 7
3.1 Design conditions _______________________________________________________________ 7
3.2 Construction Codes _____________________________________________________________ 7
3.3 Utilities requirements ___________________________________________________________ 8
3.4 Flexibility ____________________________________________________________________ 10
3.5 Power consumption ____________________________________________________________ 10
4 Standard scope ____________________________________________________________________ 11
5 Performances _____________________________________________________________________ 12
5.1 APSA L – 1ppm O2 purity ______________________________________________________ 12
5.2 APSA LC – 1 ppm O2 purity ____________________________________________________ 13
5.3 APSA LE – 100 ppb O2 purity ___________________________________________________ 13
5.4 Extra productions _____________________________________________________________ 13
Appendix 1 : Order Specification Checklist _________________________________________________ 14
Appendix 2 : Detailed Scope of Supply _____________________________________________________ 15
Appendix 3 : Typical layout ______________________________________________________________ 18
Appendix 4 : General terms and sales conditions to Air Liquide affiliates _________________________ 19
Appendix 5 : Environmental survey / Safety requirements______________________________________ 22

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1 Foreword
APSA L nitrogen cryogenic generators have been developed to produce high purity nitrogen for various
industries such as semiconductors, glass industry and float lines, chemicals & refineries, metals’ industries.
As part of the On-Site nitrogen product line, APSA L applies the same competitive and cost effective On-Site
principles :
- Compact design & layout
- Standard sizes & process cycles
- Automatic & unattended operation
- Fully packaged by modules
- Minimal delivery & installation time
Furthermore, APSA L plants benefit from Air Liquide’s latest technological developments and safety
standards. A reduced number of equipment and rotating machines lead to an extremely reliable plant, simple
to operate with optimal control of the unit and reduced maintenance.
In addition, APSA L plants have been designed according to AIR LIQUIDE standards to ensure safe
operation of the plant. These standards have been established for normal air conditions as per the ones given
in Appendix 5. In order to adapt the plant control or design to specific environment or site pollution, it is
required to fill the “ ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEY ” form given in Appendix 5.
The stringent application of technical and environmental safety requirements as well as the installation of
safety valves and alarm devices ensure a safe plant operation.
This catalogue features a presentation of the APSA L range which includes 3 types of different processes and
designs and a summary of the performances that can be achieved by each APSA L process.
2 General
2.1 Markets’ applications
APSA L nitrogen generators exist in 3 different processes :

APSA L : for general applications (“classic” process)
APSA LC : for low pressure production (“Claude” process, name of its inventor)
APSA LE : for electronics (“Electronic process”)
Each one has been developed for specific markets so as the whole range covers a wide range of applications
fields like :
Electronics : N2 is used in the wafers and micro-chips production process, as well as mixed to
specialty gases. High purity is required. It is sometimes associated with a catalytic H2/CO removal
system.
Chemicals and Refineries : N2 is used for inerting and purging.
LNG Terminals : N2 is considered as a process gas, in Liquid Natural Gas vaporization for inerting
and to adjust the Wobbe Inde (Natural Gas composition) before injection into the network.
Glass industries : N2 is mainly used in float lines, at reduced pressure, to inert the tin bath and
protect it from oxidation – it is commonly mixed with H2. APSA LC is a low pressure nitrogen
generator with reduced specific energy. It is fully dedicated to glass industry.

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2.2 Purity
The APSA L product line extends ALSPE cryogenic On-Site nitrogen offer (APSA T series) towards :
• Higher capacities : range of 500 to 12 000 Nm3/h N2 production
• Higher N2 purity : 1 ppb O2 possible for the APSA LE series
• Self cold production : no need of LIN consumption, cold box is fitted with a turbine.
The graph below presents the On-Site nitrogen mode of supply provided by ALSPE.
Figure 1: On-Site Nitrogen Supply – Purity vs Productions
2.3 Pressure
APSA L provides nitrogen at a pressure between 6 to 10 bar abs. APSA LE provides nitrogen at pressures
between 8 to 11 bar abs and APSA LC provides at pressures between 3 to 5 bar abs. These pressure ranges are
linked with the different type of industries, as shown on the graph below :
N 2 P re s s u re (b a ra )
1 0 .5
A P S A L E - E le c t r o n ic s
A P S A L – C h e m i c a ls ,
6 .5 R e f in e r ie s , G la s s
A P S A L C - G la s s
3 .5 N 2 P r o d u c t io n C a p a c it y
( N m 3 /h )
1000 3000 5000 7000 9000 12000
Figure 2 : APSA L/LE/LC - Pressure vs Productions

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2.4 Process
APSA L is a five-step process as described here under :
Step Equipment Description

Atmospheric air is filtered and compressed by one or several multi-stage oil
Compression C01
free compressor(s).
Purification R01, R02 Compressed air is purified in the air purification unit.
Part of the cold box, the heat exchanger cools down the purified air, in counter-
Heat Exchange E01
current with the product gas, warmed up in the exchanger.
Air is separated by distillation into pure nitrogen and enriched liquid air at
Distillation K01/E02
cryogenic temperature in the distillation column.
Residual waste gas (enriched air) is expanded in the turbine to generate cold,
Cold Production ET01 necessary to compensate thermal losses and to fill, if designed for, the liquid
nitrogen back-up tanks.
Table1: Process Description
Warm skid : Compression & Air Purification
After the final stage of compression, the air is cooled down in an after cooler (included or not in the
compressor casing) and goes to the front end purification unit. For APSA L design, a refrigeration unit is
added before entering the purification. The purification is composed of two vessels filled with alumina and
molecular sieve for the removal of water and carbon dioxide and for other harmful components like nitrous
oxides. One of the two vessels is in operation while the other is regenerated with waste oxygen gas (residual
gas) from the cold box. During regeneration cycle, the regeneration gas is heated in an electrical heater.
Air leaving purification is free of water, CO2 and particles.
Cold box: Heat exchange & distillation column
In the heat exchanger, purified compressed air is cooled down near its liquefaction point by counter current
exchange with cold pure nitrogen and waste oxygen.
Air qt its liquefaction point is injected at the bottom of the column and is separated into pure nitrogen at the
top, leaving enriched liquid at the bottom. The oxygen rich liquid is sent to the vaporizer at a lower pressure
(expansion through a valve). There, it is vaporized against the pure gaseous nitrogen coming from the top of
the column. This condensed nitrogen allows the reflux in the distillation column.
Waste oxygen gas coming from the vaporizer is expanded in the turbine in order to generate the cold and then
goes back to the main heat exchanger where it is heated before going to the warm part for the regeneration of
the purification vessels.
The pure gaseous nitrogen is withdrawn from the top of the column, heated up in heat exchanger and is made
available to the customer network. The pure liquid nitrogen is withdrawn from the top of the column and is
made available at a connection on the cold box to be connected to liquid nitrogen storage.

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2.4.1 APSA L : classic cycle

The Process Flow Diagram of APSA L generator is presented below. Power, cooling water and civil work are
required during the normal operation.
Residual Enriched Gas Gaseous N2 Liquid N2

(>35% O2) to customer to backup
Cooling Water
E01
R01 R02
Power
Air ET01
inlet
X01 K01
C01
Civil works
Compression Purification Cold Production Heat Exchange Distillation
2.4.2 APSA LC : low energy cycle
Waste oxygen Gas Gaseous N2 Liquid N2

Cooling Water
E01
R01 R02
Power
ET01
K01
C01
Civil works
Air
inlet

The main difference with the APSA L process is that cold production is made through direct expansion of the
inlet air. Distillation is realized at low pressure.

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2.4.3 APSA LE: ppb level and reduced energy

APSA LE differs from the APSA L classic cycle in that, there is a second condenser, allowing that portion of
the waste gas to be boosted and “recycled” to the column at the required pressure. This improves the
efficiency of the column.
Waste oxygen Gas Gaseous N2 Liquid N2

Cooling Water
E01
R01 R02
Power
Air D01C D01

inlet
K01
C01
Civil works
3 Design basis and conditions

3.1 Design conditions
The standard site conditions for design and the temperature working limits are the following :
Parameter Design Maximum Minimum

0°C
Ambient temperature 20°C 45°C
-20°C with options
Water temperature 20 °C 30 °C
Atmospheric pressure 1.013 bar a
Relative humidity 70 %
Table 2: Design Conditions & working limits
3.2 Construction Codes
The manufacturing of APSA can be done according to the following construction codes :

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Unity Codes & Standards

European norms 97/23/CE
Pressure Vessels
ASME / CODAP / ADM
Material – ASTM
Piping
ANSI & European norms PED
Material – IEC
Electrical
Instrumentation – ISA
Metallic Structures French rules NV65, CM66, PS69
Machines International manufacturer & AL standards
Painting AL standards
Table 3: Construction Codes
3.3 Utilities requirements

3.3.1 Air Quality
The ambient air quality at site, which is taken into consideration for the design of the plant, is specified
below. Higher levels of impurities in the air could result in a modification of the plant design and thus, could
have an impact on the plant’s performances and price.
Impurity Formula Basis of design

Carbon Dioxide CO2 <480 ppm
Methane CH4 < 8 ppm
Ethylene C2H4 <0.2 ppm
Ethane C2H6 <0.1 ppm
Propane C3H8 <0.05 ppm
Acetylene C2H2 <0.4 ppm
Propylene C3H6 <0.2 ppm
Total Hydrocarbons from C4 C4+ <0.05 ppm each
Carbon Monoxide CO <0.6 ppm
Hydrogen H2 <0.7 ppm
Ammonia NH3 <0.01 ppm
Hydrogen Sulphide H2S <0.1 ppm
Chloride Cl <0.1 ppm
Total Strong Acid HC1 + N03 <0.05 ppm
Sulfur Dioxide S02 <0.1 ppm
Nitrous Oxide N2O <0.35 ppm
Nitrogen Oxides NOX < 0,1 ppm
Ozone O3 <0.2 ppm
Dust <0.5 mg/Nm3
Table 4: Air Quality
3.3.2 Cooling Water
Cooling water is needed for the compressor, the dryer and the turbine. It shall be supplied at a pressure
between 3 and 5 bar g, and at a maximum temperature of 34°C for APSA L and 30°C for APSA LE. Water
will be returned to the customer with a pressure drop of maximum 1.5 bar and a temperature raise of 10°C.

Page 8/23
Typical water quality required is shown below.
Quality or Impurity Formula Parameter Value

Pressure Between 3 - 5 barg
Supply 34°C for APSA L
Temperature Max
30°C for APSA LE
Pressure Max Delta P 1.5 barg
Return
Temperature Increase by 10°C
pH value = 7-8
Rysnar index = 6.5
Carbonate hardness CaCO3 = 50 - 150 mg/l
Oxygen O2 Min 4 to 5 mg/l
Chloride Cl- Max 25 mg/l
Silicate SixOy Max 25 mg/l
Sulphate SO4 Max 50 mg/l
Nitrates and Nitrites NO3, NO2 Max 10 mg/l
Ammonia NH3 Max 10 mg/l
Phosphates PO4 = not significant
Iron and manganese Fe, Mn = 0.1 - 0.2 mg/l
Suspended solids Max 10 mg/l
Table 5 : Cooling Water Characteristics
Cooling water requirement (in m3/hr) can be estimated as 0.11 times the energy consumption (for a delta T on
water of 10°C).
3.3.3 Back up Instrument Air
Instrument air is required for start-up and standby operations. It must be free of dust, chemical impurities and
oil, at a minimum dew point of -40°C and a pressure around 6 bar g. Approximately 50 Nm3/h of instrument
air is required for plant start-ups and shut-downs.
3.3.4 Electricity
The customer will have to provide the following electrical powers :

• One Medium Voltage (MV) connection (6 kV or similar) to feed the main air compressor motor, in
case of power superior to 500 kW, otherwise a LV connection will be sufficient.
In case of centrifugal compressor, the motor is started Direct On Line (DOL). It is assumed that the
characteristics of the feeding electrical network are satisfactory to allow DOL starting of the
electrical motors with acceptable voltage drop. This voltage drop shall be smaller than 15%.
Current ratio at start-up is assumed to be equal to 6. Start-up time shall not exceed 12s.
• One Low Voltage (LV) connection (400 V or similar) to connect to the warm skid (and compressor
if little).
The customer will also have to provide :

• Grounding network
• Over-current, ground fault and other standard protection for each feeder
• Cables hook-up at Air Liquide specification

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3.3.5 Communications
For tele-monitoring and servicing of the plant, two telephone lines (regular fax lines) must be installed and
connected to the APSA L/LE plant battery limit (or connection to the LIN storage).
3.4 Flexibility
The minimum turn-down flow is 75% of the nominal flow (limit of the air compressors). Optimized
flexibility can be obtained by using 2 air compressors sized to 55% of the nominal plant capacity, or in case
of little flows, variable speed screw compressors.
The plant power consumption varies linearly with the plant turn-down with centrifugal or variable screw
compressors. With 75% turn-down, consumed power is 78% of the nominal power.
The N2 customer consumption can vary from 0 to 100%. Technical solutions can be proposed after studying
the customer’s consumption profile.
3.5 Power consumption
The power consumption of the plant is the energy necessary for the gas production mode. It includes :
The main air compressor consumption at motors terminals (MV or LV)

The average consumption of the electrical regeneration heater (LV)
The refrigeration unit consumption at motors terminals (LV) for APSA L units
Tolerances on power consumption are +/- 4 %.
If the cooling water system is supplied by Air Liquide, an additional 5% of the indicated consumptions should
be allowed for the cooling water system (water fans, water pumps). If the measurement is made upstream
transformer(s), the losses of the transformer shall be taken into account.

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4 Standard scope
The table below shows the standard scope of work and supply for APSA L/LE. A detailed description of
scope of work and supply is given in Appendix 1.
Description Standard Option Comments

Air compressor package x
H2, CO, or H2/CO catalyst x For semiconductors industry
Equipment & Materials
Air purification package x

Cold box package x
Inter-package process piping x
2-year spare parts x
Capital spare parts x Expander cartridge , PLC
Transport x
GAN compressor x
Sea Freight x
Cooling water circuits x
Noise attenuation x
Engineering x For APSA L/LE Unit
Integration engineering x Site piping, interconnection with
Engineering & Services
other units, Back up, Cooling,

Electricals
Civil works guide drawing x
Erection specification for tender x
Start-up supervision (*) x 5 weeks for APSA L
6 weeks for APSA LE
Erection supervision x
Training x
Cooling water system
Main Exclusions
Buffer & Interconnections

Electrical MV & LV switchboard
Civil works & buildings
Permits
Erection supervision
Start-up
Back-up system
Table6: APSA L/LE Standard Scope

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5 Performances
The tolerances on performances are the following ones :
- Pressure ±0%
- Flow ±0%
- Purity ±0%
- Power consumption ±4%
Excluding the compressors, the noise is 85 dB(A) @ 1m distance from the equipment.
The production figures given in the tables are the maximum production capacity of each APSA L/LE standard
unit.
5.1 APSA L – 1ppm O2 purity

Here under table details the APSA L performances for each standard size. Performances are based on
centrifugal compressors energy consumption.
Flow-rate (Nm3/h) N2 Outlet Power Specific

APSA L Cooling
Gas Run Liquid Run Pressure (bar Consumed Installed Energy
Model Water (m3/h)
abs) (kWh/Nm3)
GAN GAN LIN (*) (kWh/h) (kW)
1100 1000 80 9 377 0,342
L1 1150 1000 65 8 369 0,321 ~ 55
1200 1000 30 7 342 0,285
1500 800 9 520 650 0,347 57
1550 800 8 480 650 0,310 53
L2 ~ 100
1600 800 7 460 600 0,288 51
1500 1350 6 395 600 0,263 44
2000 1500 9 660 800 0,330 73
2000 1200 8 620 800 0,310 69
L3 ~ 150
2000 1000 7 580 750 0,290 64
2000 1800 6 495 650 0,260 55
3800 3000 9 1235 1600 0,325 136
4000 3000 8 1200 1500 0,300 132
L4 ~ 200
4000 3000 7 1150 1500 0,276 127
4000 3300 6 1000 1300 0,250 110
5750 4800 9 1840 2200 0,320 203
6000 4800 8 1740 2100 0,290 192
L6 ~ 250
6000 4800 7 1700 2050 0,271 187
6000 5000 6 1500 1850 0,250 165
Table 7: Characteristics and Performances of Standards APSA L
(*)For the LIN production, please ask Vitry for more precise values based on your specific conditions.
For 0.1 ppm, the energy stays the same but the flow rates are adjusted as follows :
Multiply gaseous run values by 0.9
Multiply liquid run values by 0.95
A Teledyne analyser must be added to measure purity at this level

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5.2 APSA LC – 1 ppm O2 purity
Flow rate (Nm3/h)

N2 Outlet Power Specific Cooling
APSA LC 1 ppm O2
Model
Pressure Energy Water
Gas Run Liquid Run Consumed Installed
(bar a) (kWh/Nm3) (m3/h)
GAN GAN LIN (kWh/h) (kW)
L2C 1500 1300 30 3.5 395 500 0,246 50
1900 1800 80 3,5 450 500 0,237 50
L3C
2250 2180 75 3,5 530 640 0,236 58
Table 8: Characteristics and Performances of APSA LC
5.3 APSA LE – 100 ppb O2 purity
Flow rate (Nm3/h) N2 Outlet Power Specific Cooling

APSA LE
Model Gas Run Liquid Run Pressure Consumed Installed Energy Water
(bar a) (kWh/Nm3) (m3/h)
GAN GAN LIN (kWh/h) (kW)
3400 2800 70 10,5 920 1100 0,270 100
LE 3 3400 2800 60 9,5 875 1050 0,258 96
3400 2800 50 8,5 835 1000 0,246 92
5900 4800 130 10,5 1500 1800 0,255 165
LE 5 5900 4800 115 9,5 1425 1700 0,242 157
5900 4800 100 8,5 1345 1600 0,228 148
8600 7000 160 10,5 2070 2500 0,241 228
LE 8 8600 7000 140 9,5 1970 2350 0,229 217
8600 7000 120 8,5 1860 2250 0,216 205
12000 9500 230 10,5 2800 3400 0,233 308
LE 12 12000 9500 200 9,5 2660 3200 0,222 293
12000 9500 170 8,5 2520 3000 0,210 277
Table 9: Characteristics and Performances of Standards APSA LE
Notes :
1. For 1 ppb the energy stays the same but the flow rates are adjusted as follows :
Multiply gaseous run values by 0.9
Multiply liquid run values by 0.95
A sub-ppb level analyser must be added to measure purity at this level.
2. For 1 ppm the GAN capacity can be increased by 2% with the same energy.
5.4 Extra productions

Some extra demands, out of our standard can eventually be studied on your request :
Compressed dry air
GOX : With additional packing in the LP column of the APSA L plant, O2 at 90% to 93% purity
can be produced, with a decrease in GAN production. Liquid N2 production can also be
produced,
LOX : With an APSA LE, ultra-pure LOX can be produced with the optional LOX distillation
column. These APSA LE-O models have been developed for semiconductors industry with ultra
pure (Argon specified) LOX consumption.

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Appendix 1 : Order Specification Checklist
Unit Reference
APSA L/ LE
Country Subsidiary Customer Delivery Time
The reference design operating conditions are :

20°C, 1013 mbar and 70%RH for inlet atmospheric air in order to obtain Price List flow rate
Flow Rate ……………..Nm3/h
Characteristics Pressure ……………..barg
O2 Purity ……………..%
Water Quality Accordance with Specifications: Yes…… or No…….
Air Quality Accordance with Specifications: Yes…… or No…….
Air Temperature Max ˚C Min ˚C
Accepted Cooling
Cooling Water Max °C Min ˚C Flow m3/h Water Temperature
Increase ˚C
Installation & Operating Conditions
Process Water Max ˚C Min ˚C Flow m3/h

Process Air Max ˚C Min ˚C
Power Supply Voltage V +/- V
Characteristics Frequency Hz +/- Hz
Humidity at Max Temp. %
Dust mg/m3
Noise Level @ 1m db(A)
Seismic Level
Wind Speed km/h
Snow Charge kg/m2
Site Elevation m
Land Available m2
Applicable Construction Codes
Existing Safety Rules
Industrial Area
Products of surrounding Now:
units Future:

Page 14/23
Appendix 2 : Detailed Scope of Supply
This spread sheet should be used as a check-list to evaluate the total APSA L/LE turn-key investment cost,
and to identify each party’s responsibilities.
APSA L/LE APSA L/LE Air Liquide

Customer Comments
Standard Option Local
Air compressor module
- Filter F01 and frames X
- Air compressor C01 X
- Compressor motor MC01 X
- Piping, valves, silencers X
- Inter / after-coolers X
- Instruments X
- Control + LV electrical X
- Anchor bolts X
Refrigeration unit X Not on APSA LE series
Air purification module
- H2/CO purification X
- Adsorber vessels X
- Mol. sieve & alumina X
- Skid structure X
- Nitrogen generator X
- Instruments / analysers X
- Anchor bolts X
Cold box module
- Cold box structure X
- Main exchanger X
- Expansion turbine X
- Brake booster X
APSA LE series are fitted with
- MP column X
cold turbine-booster delivered
- Main vaporizer X
loose and to be connected at site
to the cold box
- Instruments / analysers X
- Anchor bolts X
Miscellaneous
- Tele-monitoring (Teleflo) X
- Supervision PC (Windows NT) X
- Liquid purge drum X
- Intercon. Process Piping X Loose
Spare parts
- 2-year operation spare parts X
- Capital spare X Expander cartridge
N2 compressor
- Compressor X Option
- Compressor motor X Option
- Piping, valves, silencers X Option
- Inter / after-coolers X Option
- Instruments / analysers X Option
- Control + LV electrical X Option
- Anchor bolts X Option
Back-up system
- LIN storage X (& LOX if applicable)
- LIN vaporizer & PCV X
- Instruments X
- Anchor bolts for storage(s) X
Cooling water system
- Cooling towers & fans
- Water pumps
- Water treatment / filters
- Make-up water piping
- Other: valves, pipe,... To be clarified with customer
- Tracing
- Instruments
- Control + LV electrical
- Anchor bolts for tower & pumps

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Customer Comments
Buffer & Interconnections
- GAN HP buffer X
- GAN pipe to HP buffer X ( & GOX if applicable )
- GAN pressure control station X
- GAN metering station X
- GAN pipe to customer tie-in X
- Racks & supports X
- Instruments X
- Anchor bolts for buffer(s) X
Transportation
- Ex-works delivery X
- FOB or DDU X
Electrical
- MV distribution board
- MV / LV transformer
- LV distribution board For non-standard equipment
- Starting device – Air comp.
- Starting device – N2 comp. To be clarified with customer
- MV cables
- LV cables
- Cable trays
- Site lighting
- Lightning protection
Civil work & buildings
- Demolition
- Site clearance & levelling
- Deep foundations / piling
- Equipment foundations
- Liquid retention pit / wall
- Road access
- Fencing
- Drainage system
- Cable trench
To be clarified with customer
- Earthen network
- Equipment grouting
- Noise protection building
- GOX compressor safety wall
- Electrical room
- Control room
- Site office
- Warehouse
- Fire fighting equipment
- A/C, ventilation, heating
Engineering
- Mechanical basic calculation X
- Seismic basic calculation X
- Control configuration X
- Supervisor configuration X
- Erection tender specification X
- Start-up supervision (by VIC and X 5 weeks APSA L
machines sub-vend.) 6 weeks APSA LE
- Erection supervision X
- Training X
- Mechanical calc. / local rules X
- Seismic calculation / local rules
X
Erection Works & Start-up
- Site construction insurance
- Utility tie-in:
+ Electrical MV
+ Electrical LV
+ Cooling water
+ Make-up water To be clarified with customer
+ Steam If any
+ Back-up inst. Air If any
+ Back-up Nitrogen If any
+ Telephone lines (2)
- Power supply for construction
- Maintenance tools

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Customer Comments
Start-up
- Consumables for machinery X
- Power for start up
To be clarified with customer
- MCC settings
- Calibration gases X
- Cryogenic liquids for start up X
Miscellaneous
- Construction permits
- Access to site permits
- Local taxes, duties and fees
- Soil study To be clarified with customer
- Air analysis
- Cooling water analysis
- Make-up water analysis
- Other analysis...

Page 17/23
Appendix 3 : Typical layout
Cold box : heat exchange,

distillation column, turbine
Turbine
expander
Warm skid : valves,

silencer electrical
Cryogenic
purge
Purification
vessels R01 &
Compresso
r C01
Figure 6 : Typical layout of standard APSA L4

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Appendix 4 : General terms and sales conditions to Air Liquide affiliates
The terms and conditions detailed herein shall constitute the exclusive terms and conditions of any purchase agreement related to the sale of a APSA L/LE
Plant to any Air Liquide Operational Unit (hereinafter referred to as “Purchaser”) by the Air Liquide Engineering Department (hereinafter referred to as
“Seller”) unless different or additional terms and conditions are stated or referred to in Seller's proposal or acceptance, in which event such different or
additional terms and conditions shall be exclusive as to the particular subject matter covered. Seller hereby gives notice of its objection to any different or
additional terms and conditions of Purchaser except for such terms and conditions which may be expressly accepted by Seller in writing. Accordingly,
acceptance or use by Purchaser of equipment or material furnished hereunder shall be deemed to constitute assent by Purchaser to such terms and
conditions.
A APSA L/LE Plant is a standard product, designed and manufactured by the APSA L/LE Team in Vitry, built according to a standard architecture and
meeting the quality standards of the Air Liquide Group. Specifically a APSA L/LE Plant in this document refers to the different products manufactured by
the APSA L/LE Team.
Scope of Supply
1.1. Seller shall supply Purchaser with the APSA L/LE Plant and shall be responsible for engineering, design, procurement, commissioning and start-up
supervision, in accordance with the Technical Proposal specified in the purchase order.
1.2. All documentation and technical information and drawings shall be in English or subtitled in English and according to the Seller's standard. All units
will be in accordance with the metric system.
1.3. Any request by Purchaser for a change in the standard scope of supply shall be made in written form by either mail or fax. Purchaser must describe
precisely the modifications and the set of documentation that needs to be produced. Within one month after reception of Purchaser's request, Seller will
either make a special offering in written form or decline the request for modification. Seller will take a change in the standard scope of supply into account
only after receiving a notification in written form by Purchaser stipulating that he agrees to the new terms and conditions offered by Seller.
1.4. Seller shall have the right at anytime to make changes in the design of the Plant as shall in the Seller's judgment constitute an improvement, it being
understood, however, that no substantive changes shall be made without Purchaser's prior approval.
1.5. The Seller may sub-contract those parts of the Project which is a normal practice for the Seller to do so.
Effective date of order and date of delivery
2.1. The order shall be considered into force when the two following conditions have been fulfilled :
• Receipt by Seller of Purchaser's official purchase order mentioning the Commercial and associated Technical proposal number and revision applied,
by either mail or fax. Letters of intent, options or any unofficial document will not be considered for the official and effective date of the order.
• Receipt by Seller of the first down-payment.
2.2. The delivery condition and date for equipment is defined in the commercial proposal specified in the purchase order.
2.3. In case of on site delivery, any delivery charges and payable duties incurred on equipment shipped/air-freighted separately from the main shipments
arriving at site shall be borne by Purchaser.
2.4. Whenever progress of the work for items on critical path falls behind the above-mentioned schedule, or whenever progress is not being maintained on
items which might become critical, Seller shall advise Purchaser in writing immediately.
2.5. The Purchaser shall furnish, in a timely manner, all data, documents, and other information which are necessary for the Seller to perform the Work and
the Seller shall be entitled to rely upon such data, documents and information.
The Purchaser shall pay the extra cost reasonably incurred by the Seller due to alterations of the work necessitated by reason of inaccurate drawings, data or
information so supplied to Seller.
2.6. Upon Delivery, title and all risk of loss or damage shall pass to Purchaser. From this date, the Purchaser will provide at its own costs all necessary
insurance under a loading and marine and storage insurance as well as a Contractor's All Risks policy with a reliable insurance company covering all
storage, erection, test run and civil responsibilities in relation to the plant and including all work and services of the Seller’s, the Seller's Subcontractors and
any other subcontractor involved in the job. The Purchaser shall indemnify and hold harmless, the Seller, the Seller's Subcontractors and any other
subcontractor from and against all claims, damages and losses beyond the extent covered by said insurance policy. The Purchaser will transmit in due time
to the Seller a copy of insurance policies covering damages to equipment and civil responsibilities towards the Seller and Seller's Subcontractors
Supervisors. The Purchaser's insurance policy shall include a cross liability clause to prevent recourse against the Seller. The Purchaser shall provide Life
and Personal Accident Insurance for all its personnel and its sub contractor's personnel assigned to this project.
2.7. In the event that the Seller is prevented from shipping the equipment or Purchaser is unable to receive any equipment furnished by Seller at the time
scheduled for its delivery for any reason, not solely attributable to the fault of Seller, including lack of shipping instructions from Purchaser or from the
freight forwarder appointed by the Purchaser, Seller may, upon notice to the Purchaser, giving the Purchaser reasonable opportunity to designate alternate
destination, place such equipment in storage at any suitable location. Upon arrival of the Equipment at such storage location, the equipment shall be deemed
to have been delivered hereunder. Risk of loss to such equipment shall then pass to Purchaser.
In the event of such storage above a delay duration of five (5) weeks, Purchaser shall pay storage penalties as follows:
• Fifteen hundredth of a percent (0.15%) of the O2 Plant Price (indicated in the Commercial Proposal specified in the purchase order) per full week
delay above the five (5) weeks.
• For a delay exceeding a period of six (6) months, the parties shall meet and find an agreement within the shortest possible time upon the conditions on
which they could continue the execution of the Project.
Prices
3.1. Prices, specified in the commercial proposal specified in the purchase order, are fixed in Euro and shall be payable in the Euro currency.
3.2. All taxes, duties, fees, cost and export and import licence fees assessed or imposed by authorities others than French are not included in the Seller’s
price, and shall be borne and paid by Purchaser.
3.3. Charges and/or Expenses necessary during Unloading, Storage, Erection, Commissioning shall be borne by Purchaser.
3.4. Any change in the scope of supply, made at the request of Purchaser, will result in a special offering made by the Seller as per paragraph 1.3 of the
present general terms and conditions of sales.
Invoicing and terms of payment
4.1. The payments shall be made by ‘swift’ transfer to Seller’s account. No discount will be granted for advance payment. Payment is due 30 days net after
date of invoice.
4.2. Terms of payment:
• 15% of the Price shall be paid as down-payment upon receipt of an invoice.
• 20% of the Price shall be paid three (3) months after the date of receipt by Seller of Purchaser’s official purchase order.
• 20% of the Price shall be paid six (6) months after the date of receipt by Seller of Purchaser’s official purchase order.

Page 19/23
• 40% of the Price shall be paid upon advise by the Seller that equipment is at Purchaser disposal (either delivered on site, FOB or EXW according to
the delivery mode stipulated in the commercial proposal specified in the purchase order).
• 5% of the Price shall be paid after performance test of the plant. This payment shall not occur later than (6) six months after the equipment delivery.
4.3. Without prejudice to any other rights Seller may have whether at law or under the general conditions of sales, all late undisputed Payment shall incur
interests, after an (8) eight days notice by registered mail has been served. The applicable rate shall be Euro Inter Bank Official Rate (EURIBOR) plus two
percent (2%).
Compliance with laws and standards
The laws, regulations and standards as are applicable to the performance of the Work will be specified in any purchase agreement issued hereunder, and
Purchaser or its agents shall assist Seller in identifying and interpreting any special requirement or any change in the laws, regulations, codes and standards
issued by any lawful authority or regulatory agency of Purchaser's country.
Inspection, Performance Test Run and Acceptance
6.1. All the equipment shall be inspected and/or tested prior to the shipment by Seller/Subcontractor’s and Seller's inspection shall be final. Purchaser have
the right to delegate inspectors to inspect at Purchaser's expense the work performed by Seller, such inspection shall not disturb Seller's schedule.
Any additional inspections or tests will be for the account of Purchaser and all expenses incurred by Seller in connection therewith are payable upon
submission of Seller's invoices.
6.2. For Purchaser's acceptance of APSA L/LE Plant, performance test run shall be performed by Purchaser under supervision of supervisor dispatched by
Seller upon the completion of installation of the APSA L/LE Plant.
If such performance test, for reasons beyond the control of Seller, are not completed within six (6) months after readiness for delivery of the equipment or
sixty (60) days after the APSA L/LE Plant is first put into operation, whichever shall first occur, the APSA L/LE Plant shall be conclusively deemed to have
satisfied this performance warranty and all liability of Seller therefore shall terminate.
6.3. The performance test procedure with the methods of measuring and performances tolerances are indicated in the Technical Proposal specified in the
purchase order.
6.4. When APSA L/LE Plant is found to be defective or not in agreement with the Technical Proposal specified in the purchase order, as the result of the
performance test, Seller shall make the modification in operating conditions and/or method and/or the modification, replacement and/or repair of equipment
on Seller's account which will allow APSA L/LE Plant to meet performance guarantee within a period of 3 months. The Purchaser shall make the plant
available to Seller when requested to do so by Seller so that any changes therein may be made by Seller as may be required to enable the plant to meet the
performance guarantee in the limit of liability defined in §8.
Seller shall bear the cost of defective parts and of repaired parts or parts supplied in replacement of such defective parts on the same delivery mode basis
than for the APSA L/LE Plant. For equipment fully assembled the cost of repair will be borne by the Seller.
6.5. When the performance on APSA L/LE Plant stipulated in Technical Proposal specified in the purchase order shall be satisfactory, both parties shall
recognise the acceptance. Then the acceptance certificate shall be signed by Purchaser accordingly, but not later than 5 days from such recognition.
6.6. Besides, even if there remain minor remodelling and work which shall not interfere with normal operation, Purchaser shall issue the acceptance
certificate on conditions (list of reserves) that Seller shall complete the said remodelling and remaining work on Seller's responsibility.
6.7. Liquidated Damages (if any) for under-performance by the supplied Plant shall be evaluated on the basis of the acceptance test-run results.
6.8. Final acceptance of the APSA L/LE Plant will be declared automatically at the end of guarantee period, providing that reserves, if any, declared by
Purchaser during the provisional acceptance, have been cleared.
Mechanical and Performance Guarantees
7.1. Performance guarantee
Seller shall guarantee that APSA L/LE Plant shall reach the guarantee figures of production and other items under normal operating condition for the
Performance Test Run period. Guarantee items are described in Performance Guarantee of the Technical Proposal specified in the purchase order.
7.2. Mechanical Guarantee
7.2.1.. The mechanical warranty of the APSA L/LE Plant shall be twelve (12) months from the date issuance of "Certificate of Acceptance", or Eighteen
(18) months from the Ex-Works delivery, whichever occurs first.
7.2.2. If any trouble should occur during the guarantee period, and it has been proven that the cause is due to defective design and/or manufacture on Seller's
part, the Seller shall promptly repair or replace the part, provided the defective part is operated in accordance with Operation Manual and with generally
approved practice and provided Purchaser notifies Seller in writing as soon as such defect becomes apparent.
7.2.3. Seller shall not be liable for any repairs or alterations made by others without the Seller's written consent or approval.
7.2.4. Seller's warranty is not extended to repairs or replacements resulting from normal wear and tear or faulty operation of equipment.
7.2.5. Seller shall provide a new guarantee for the portion of equipment repaired or substituted under this warranty, provided that the warranty period for
such portion of equipment shall in no event be extended beyond one (1) year from the date of the first repair or replacement irrespective of the subsequent
repair or replacement of the same portion of equipment.
Responsibility and limitation of liability
8.1. If the guaranteed performances of the APSA L/LE Plant described in the Technical Proposal specified in the purchase order are not achieved during the
performance test for reasons for which Seller is solely responsible, Seller shall have the option to modify APSA L/LE Plant or to pay liquidated damages, in
full and final satisfaction of the default, as follows:
• If the Plant should fail below guaranteed productions (capacity at design pressure and purity), Seller shall pay to Purchaser four tenth of a percent (0.4
%) of the price of the APSA L/LE Plant for each full percent of decreased in guaranteed production of gaseous nitrogen.
• If the Plant should fail to reach 95% of the guaranteed productions, the make good will apply to achieve the guaranteed productions.
The maximum Liquidated Damages shall not exceed two percent (2%) of the APSA L/LE Plant Price indicated in the Commercial Proposal specified in the
purchase order.
8.2. If the delivery schedules as per Commercial Proposal specified in the purchase order are not achieved during the execution of the project for reasons for
which Seller is solely responsible, Seller shall pay liquidated damages as follow:
Two tenth of a percent (0.2%) of the APSA L/LE Plant Price (indicated in the Commercial Proposal specified in the purchase order) per full week delay.
The liquidated damages for late delivery shall be computed on the day following a grace period of one full week. The maximum Liquidated Damages on
Delivery Time shall not exceed two percent (2%) of the value of the APSA L/LE Plant Price indicated in the commercial proposal specified in the purchase
order.
8.3. The cumulated amount of Liquidated Damages and all other financial consequences, if any, for which the Seller could be liable towards the Purchaser
under the purchase order, shall in no event exceed four percent (4%) of the total APSA L/LE Plant Price indicated in the commercial proposal specified in
the purchase order.
8.4. There are no express warranties other than those specified herein (Liquidated Damages stipulated in Paragraph 8.1 and 8.2 and Mechanical Warranty
stipulated in Paragraph 7.2), where permitted by law Seller’s liability shall be limited to that set forth in this warranty. Seller makes no other warranty of any
kind whether statutory, express or implied save for the implied warranties of Seller’s title, its right to transfer the equipment; and all other warranties of any

Page 20/23
kind, implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and warranties arising from course of dealing or usage of trade which exceed
the obligations and time limits stated in this warranty are hereby disclaimed by Seller and excluded from this warranty.
Neither Seller no its subcontractors, suppliers, agents shall be liable for any special, indirect, incidental or consequential loss or damage (including bodily
injury or death) of any kind arising out of any defect in or failure or malfunction of the APSA L/LE Plant furnished hereunder and Purchaser shall be
responsible for and shall indemnify and hold harmless Seller against any claim, liability or expense which Seller may incur to any person or entity with
respect thereto.
Claims related to the loss or destruction of anything which may be stored in the equipment and any profits or revenues associated therewith, loss of use, loss
of product, claims of customers shall be considered as consequential damages and are expressly excluded from the coverage of this warranty.
No claim against Seller of any kind whether or not based on negligence, strict liability, contract, warranty or any other theory of law, shall be greater in
amount than the purchase of that particular item of equipment and/or that portion of services for which such claim is made.
Proprietary information and non-disclosure
Seller has a proprietary interest in all of the drawings, designs, specifications, documents (including these terms and conditions of sale), information or
know-how which may be furnished pursuant to any purchase agreement, discovery or invention which may be made, developed, or conceived in the
performance of work hereunder or which may arise or result therefrom.
Purchaser shall maintain all said proprietary information, in confidence and shall not use, copy, reproduce, release, disclose, or publish, in any manner or
allow access to or possession of said proprietary information to any third party without the prior consent of Seller. The provisions of this paragraph shall not
apply to information which is known to Purchaser, which is or becomes generally available to the public without breach of any purchase agreement, or
which is received from a third person without limitation or restriction at the time of disclosure.
Said proprietary information will remain the property of Seller and shall be deemed to have been loaned to Purchaser only for the purpose specified in any
purchase agreement issued hereunder.
Purchaser shall indemnify and hold Seller harmless from any liability or loss suffered by Seller or its sub-contractors as a result of Purchaser's disclosure to
third parties or improper use of said proprietary information.
Wherever it is reasonably practicable, the Purchaser will be responsible of the present clause application by its employees, even when they eventually leave
the Purchaser's employment.
Patents
Seller agrees that it will, at its own expense, and to the extent hereinafter stated, defend and hold the Purchaser harmless in any suit or proceeding insofar as
the same is based on a claim that the APSA L/LE Plant furnished hereunder constitutes an infringement of any patent in force on or before the date of
execution of a purchase agreement, and so long as the APSA L/LE Plant is covered by a patent also in force at such time in France, provided that Purchaser
gives Seller prompt notice of such suit on proceeding, permits Seller through its counsel to defend the same and gives Seller all necessary information,
assistance, and authority to enable Seller so to do.
In case said APSA L/LE Plant is in such suit or proceeding held to constitute infringement and the use of said APSA L/LE Plant is enjoined, Seller shall, at
its own expense and at its option, either procure for Purchaser the right to continue using said APSA L/LE Plant, or replace the same with non-infringing
equipment or modify it so it become non-infringing, or remove said APSA L/LE Plant and refund the purchase price. The foregoing states the entire
liability of Seller for patent infringement and such entire liability shall in no event exceed the purchase price or the APSA L/LE Plant furnished hereunder,
nor shall such liability include consequential damages of any kind including but not limited to those based upon loss of Purchaser product and claims or
customers.
The provisions of this section shall not apply to an equipment specified by Purchaser or manufactured to Purchaser's design, nor shall it apply to systems or
combinations in which Purchaser incorporates equipment furnished hereunder. As to such equipment, combinations or systems, Seller assumes no liability
whatsoever for patent infringement and Purchaser undertakes to defend and indemnify Seller from and against any claim, expense or proceeding resulting
therefrom.
Force Majeure
11.1 Neither party shall be liable for any default or delay in the performance of its obligations when such default or delay is due to any contingency beyond
its reasonable control, including but not limited to act of God, strike, lockout, labor dispute, lack or failure of transportation facilities, fire, explosion,
atmospheric disaster, or extraordinary problems in equipment supply.
11.2 If, due to a Force Majeure event, one or the other party could not accomplish its obligations during a period of six (6) consecutive months, the parties
shall meet and find an agreement within the shortest possible time upon the conditions on which they could continue the execution of the purchase order.
Termination
Either party may terminate any purchase agreement issued hereunder upon sixty (60) days prior written notice to Seller and payment of reasonable and
proper termination charges. Such charges will include a portion of the purchase price, adjusted as necessary, reflecting the amount of work completed at the
time of termination plus the expenses associated with the termination, including any additional expense incurred by reason of Seller's agreements with its
sub-contractors and suppliers, and any applicable charges allocated in contemplation of purchase agreement performance. All such charges shall include a
reasonable profit. Seller will make every reasonable effort to minimize such termination charges.
All termination charges are payable within thirty (30) days of submission of Seller's invoices.
Settlement of disputes
The parties shall do their best to settle any disputes which would arise in the interpretation of the present general terms of sale by mutual agreement. The
litigation or disputes which cannot be solved by mutual agreement shall be finally settled under the Rules of Conciliation and Arbitration of the
International Chamber of Commerce by one or more arbitrators appointed in accordance with the said Rules.
The arbitration shall take place in Lausanne (Switzerland). The arbitrators will render their award in equity.
Performance of the purchase order shall continue during Arbitration proceedings.
Survival
The terms and conditions contained herein entitled limitation of liability, patents, proprietary information and nondisclosure and all of the terms and
conditions providing for limitation of or protection against liability, shall apply notwithstanding any other provisions and shall survive termination,
cancellation, or expiration of any purchase agreement governed by these terms and conditions. In the event that any of the provisions, or portions, or
applications thereof of these terms and conditions are held to be unenforceable or invalid by any court of competent jurisdiction, the validity and
enforceability of the remaining provisions, or portions, or applications thereof, shall not be affected thereby.

Page 21/23
Appendix 5 : Environmental survey / Safety requirements

Contaminants in the air intake, including hydrocarbons, have a direct effect on the safe operation of an air
separation plant. Please answer the questions with care :
QUESTIONS
Future plant within an yes/no list of surrounding products of the
industrial area units : surrounding units:
Air contamination neighbouring plants (lay dispersion study for the list of accidental or
sources out if possible) exhausts: yes/no process blow off with
flow and composition:
Existing safety rules in
the industrial area
Wind direction data please supply the % of time the wind blows in a given direction
Air analysis if it exists, please attach a copy if it does not exist, please see the
NOTE 1 attached
Extension or If, after a contract has been signed for the future plant, there are
modification of the modifications in the environment conditions which might affect the design
environment of the and the safe operation of the future plant, please inform Air Liquide
future plant immediately of any modifications.
The standard atmospheric conditions for design of the plant are the following :
It is really important to know if the area where the unit will operate is polluted or not, to be able to implement
solutions in case of polluted area.
NOTE 1:
• If an air analysis is not available, do you know any source of pollution which might affect the site of the
future plant or not?
• if known, please let us know the contaminants such as hydrocarbons, NOx, other impurities, etc., and the
frequency of the appearance in the air of the contaminants as well as any neighbouring plants (lay out if
possible).
• if unknown, or without information on any analysis, the future plant will be designed on the basis of the
above air composition.

Page 22/23
NOTE 2:
Please pay particular attention to the accuracy of the information provided to us relating both to technical and
environmental issues as it will determine the choice of equipment.
Any false or incomplete information could induce the choice of an inadequate device and lead to serious
consequences such as improper operation or an accident. Air Liquide VIC is not responsible for any
consequences resulting from the design of equipment or of a plant which was based on incorrect or omitted
information as provided by the customer in response to this questionnaire.
NOTE 3: This questionnaire has been filled by:
COMPANY :_____________________________________________________
NAME :_____________________________________________________
Position held/Signature :_____________________________________________________
Date :___________________________

Page 23/23

APSA L/LC/LE Nitrogen Generators Catalogue

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APSA L/LC/LE Nitrogen Generators Catalogue

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APSA L/LC/LE Nitrogen Cryogenic 2007

Air Liquide Standard Plant Engineering

The information contained in this document is

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

APSA L nitrogen generators exist in 3 different processes :

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

Figure 1: On-Site Nitrogen Supply – Purity vs Productions

Figure 2 : APSA L/LE/LC - Pressure vs Productions

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

APSA L is a five-step process as described here under :

Step Equipment Description

Warm skid : Compression & Air Purification

Cold box: Heat exchange & distillation column

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

2.4.1 APSA L : classic cycle

Residual Enriched Gas Gaseous N2 Liquid N2

Compression Purification Cold Production Heat Exchange Distillation

2.4.2 APSA LC : low energy cycle

Waste oxygen Gas Gaseous N2 Liquid N2

Compression Purification Cold Production Heat Exchange Distillation

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

2.4.3 APSA LE: ppb level and reduced energy

Waste oxygen Gas Gaseous N2 Liquid N2

Air D01C D01

Compression Purification Cold Production Heat Exchange Distillation

3 Design basis and conditions

Parameter Design Maximum Minimum

3.2 Construction Codes

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

Unity Codes & Standards

3.3 Utilities requirements

Impurity Formula Basis of design

3.3.2 Cooling Water

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

Typical water quality required is shown below.

Quality or Impurity Formula Parameter Value

3.3.3 Back up Instrument Air

The customer will have to provide the following electrical powers :

The customer will also have to provide :

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

3.5 Power consumption

The main air compressor consumption at motors terminals (MV or LV)

Tolerances on power consumption are +/- 4 %.

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

Description Standard Option Comments

Air purification package x

other units, Back up, Cooling,

Buffer & Interconnections

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

5.1 APSA L – 1ppm O2 purity

Flow-rate (Nm3/h) N2 Outlet Power Specific

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

5.2 APSA LC – 1 ppm O2 purity

Flow rate (Nm3/h)

5.3 APSA LE – 100 ppb O2 purity

Flow rate (Nm3/h) N2 Outlet Power Specific Cooling

5.4 Extra productions

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY

Appendix 1 : Order Specification Checklist

The reference design operating conditions are :

Process Water Max ˚C Min ˚C Flow m3/h

CONFIDENTIAL & INTERNAL USE ONLY