Europe

Country Capital City Native or inhabitant of

Albania [ælˈbeɪniə] Tirana [tɪˈrɑːnə] Albanian
Andorra [ænˈdɔːrə] Andorra la Vella [la: 'velja:] Andorran
Austria [ˈɒstriə] Vienna [vɪˈɛnə] Austrian
Belarus [ˌbeləˈruːs] Minsk [minsk] Belarusian
Belgium [ˈbeldʒəm] Brussels [ˈbrʌsəlz] Belgian
Bosnia and Herzegovina [bɒz Sarajevo [ˌsærəˈjeivou] Bosnian, Herzegovinian
ˈnɪə əndhɜːtsɪgəˈviːnə,
-gɔˈviːnə]
Bulgaria [bʌlˈgeəriə] Sofia [ˈsəufiə] Bulgarian
Croatia [krəuˈeɪʃə] Zagreb [ˈzɑːgrɛb] Croatian, Croat
Czech Republic [tʃɛk] Prague [prɑːg] Czech
Denmark [ˈdenmɑːk] Copenhagen [ˌkoupən Dane
ˈheigən]
Estonia [iˈstouniə] Tallinn [ˈtalin] Estonian
Finland [ˈfɪnlənd] Helsinki [helˈsiŋki] Finn
France [frɑːns, fræns] Paris [ˈpærɪs] Frenchman
Georgia [ˈdʒɔːdʒə] Tbilisi [ˌt(ə)biˈliːsi] Georgian
Germany [ˈdʒɜːməni] Berlin [bəːˈlin] German
Greece [griːs] Athens [ˈæθinz] Greek
Hungary [ˈhʌŋgəri] Budapest [buːdəˈpɛst] Hungarian
Iceland [ˈaislənd] Reykjavik [ˈreikjəviːk] Icelander
Ireland [ˈaiələnd] Dublin [ˈdʌblin] Irish, Irishman
Italy [ˈɪtəli] Rome [roum] Italian
Latvia [ˈlætviə] Riga [ˈriːgə] Latvian
Liechtenstein [ˈliktənstain] Vaduz [vaˈduts] Liechtensteiner
Lithuania [ˌlɪθ(j)u:ˈeiniə] Vilnius [ˈvilniəs] Lithuanian
Luxembourg [ˈlʌksəmbɜːg] Luxembourg [ˈlʌksəmbɜːg] Luxembourger
North Macedonia [ˌmasi Skopje [ˈskɔpjei] Macedonian
ˈdouniə]
Malta [ˈmɔːltə] Valletta [vəˈlɛtə] Maltese
Moldova [ˈmɒldəvə, mɒl Chisinau [ˌkiʃiˈnau] Moldovan
ˈdouvə]
Monaco [ˈmɒnəkou] Monaco [ˈmɒnəkou] Monacan
Montenegro [ˌmɒntiˈniːgrou] Podgorica [pɔdˈgɔːritsə] Montenegrin
Netherlands [ˈneðələndz] Amsterdam(official) Dutchman, Netherlander
[ˈæmstədæm, ˌæmstəˈdæm]
The Hague (administrative)
[heig]
Norway [ˈnɔːwei] Oslo [ˈɔzlou] Norwegian
Poland [ˈpoulənd] Warsaw [ˈwɔːsɔː] Pole
Portugal [ˈpɔːtʃəgəl] Lisbon [ˈlizbən] Portuguese
Romania [rouˈmeiniə] Bucharest [ˌbuːkəˈrest] Romanian
Russian Federation [ˈrʌʃən] Moscow [ˈmɔskou] Russian
San Marino [ˌsænməˈriːnou] San Marino [ˌsænməˈriːnou] Sammarinese
Serbia [ˈsɜːbiə] Belgrade [belˈgreid] Serb
Slovakia [sləˈvækiə] Bratislava [ˌbratiˈslɑːvə] Slovak
Slovenia [sləˈviːniə] Ljubljana [ljuːˈbljɑːnə] Slovene

Spain [spein] Madrid [məˈdrid] Spaniard

Sweden [ˈswiːdn] Stockholm [ˈstɔkhoum] Swede
Switzerland [ˈswitsələnd] Bern [bəːn] Swiss
United Kingdom/Great London [ˈlʌndən] British
Britain
1. England [ˈiŋglənd] London Englishman
2. Scotland [ˈskɔtlənd] Edinburgh [ˈedinbərə] Scot, Scotsman
3. Wales [weilz] Cardiff [ˈkɑːdif] Welshman
4. Northern Ireland Belfast [ˌbelˈfɑːst, ˈbelfæst] Irishman
[ˌnɔːðən ˈʌiələnd]
Ukraine [juːˈkrein] Kyiv [ˈkiːef] Ukrainian
Vatican City [ˈvætikən] within the commune of
Rome, Italy

Asia
Country Capital City Native or inhabitant of
Afghanistan Kabul [ˈkɑːbul] Afghan
[æf’gænistɑːn, -‘stæn]
Armenia [ɑːˈmiːniə] Yerevan [ˌjeriˈvæn] Armenian
Azerbaijan [ˌæzəbaiˈdʒɑːn] Baku [bæˈkuː] Azerbaijani
Bahrain [bɑːˈrein] Manama [məˈnɑːmə] Bahraini
Bangladesh [ˌbæŋgləˈdeʃ] Dhaka [ˈdækə] Bangladeshi
Bhutan [buːˈtɑːn] Thimphu [ˈtimpuː, ˈθim-] Bhutanese
Brunei [bruːˈnai] Bandar Seri Begawan Bruneian
[ˌbændə ˌseribəˈgɑːwən]
Cambodia [kæmˈboudiə] Phnom Penh [nɔm ˈpen] Cambodian
China [ˈtʃainə] Beijing [beiˈdʒiŋ] Chinese
Cyprus [ˈsaiprəs] Nicosia [ˌnikəˈsiə] Cypriot [ˈsipriət]
India [ˈindiə] New Delhi [ˈdeli] Indian

Indonesia Jakarta [dʒəˈkɑːtə] Indonesian

[ˌindəˈniːziə, -ˈniːʒə]
Iran [iˈrɑːn, -æn] Tehran [teːˈrɑːn, -ræn] Iranian
Iraq [iˈrɑːk. -æk] Baghdad [bægˈdæd] Iraqi
Israel [ˈizreiəl] Jerusalem (according to Israeli [izˈreili]
Israel) [dʒəˈruːsələm], Tel-
Aviv (according to the UN)
 [teləˈviːv]
Japan [dʒəˈpæn] Tokyo [ˈtoukiou] Japanese
Jordan [ˈdʒɔːdən] Amman [əˈmɑːn] Jordanian
Kazakhstan Astana [əˈstɑːnə] Kazakh [ˈkazak, kəˈzak]
[ˌkazəkˈstaːn, -‘stæn]
North Korea [kəˈriːə] Pyongyang [pjɔŋˈjæŋ] Korean
South Korea Seoul [soul] Korean
Kuwait [kuˈweit] Kuwait City [kuˈweit] Kuwaiti
Kyrgyzstan Bishkek [biʃ’kek] Kyrgyz [kiəˈgiːz]
[ˌkəːgiˈstɑːn, -‘stæn]
Laos [laus] Vientiane [ˌvjenˈtjɑːn] Laotian [leiˈouʃən]
Lebanon [ˈlebənən] Beirut [beiˈruːt] Lebanese
Malaysia [məˈleiziə, -ʒə] Kuala Lumpur [ˌkwɑːlə Malaysian
ˈlumpuə]
Maldives [ˈmɔːldiːvz, -daivz] Male [ˈmɑːlei] Maldivian
Mongolia [mɒŋˈgouliə] Ulaanbaatar [ˌuːlɑːnˈbɑːtə] Mongolian
Myanmar [ˈmjænmɑː, mjan Naypyidaw [ˈneipjiːˌdɔː] Myanma
ˈmɑː]
Nepal [niˈpɔːl] Kathmandu [ˌkætmænˈduː] Nepalese
Oman [ouˈmɑːn] Muscat [ˈmʌskæt] Omani
Pakistan [ˌpɑːkiˈstɑːn, ˌpæki Islamabad [izˈlɑːməbæd, is-] Pakistani
ˈstæn]
Philippines [ˈfilipiːnz, Manila [məˈnilə] Filipino
fili’piːnz]
Qatar [ˈkɑːtər, kʌˈtɑː] Doha [ˈdouhɑː] Qatari
Saudi Arabia [ˌsaudi, -sɔ; ə Riyadh [ˈriːad] Saudi Arabian
ˈreibiə]
Singapore [ˈsiŋgəpɔː, ˌsiŋə Singapore [ˈsiŋgəpɔː, ˌsiŋə Singaporean
ˈpɔː] ˈpɔː]
Sri Lanka [sriː ˈlæŋkə, ʃri-] Colombo [kəˈlʌmbou] Sri Lankan
Syria [ˈsiriə] Damascus [dəˈmɑːskəs, Syrian
-mæskəs]
Taiwan [taiˈwɑːn] Taipei [tʌiˈpei] Taiwanese
Tajikistan [tɑːˌdʒiːkiˈstɑːn, Dushanbe [duːˈʃænbei] Tajik [tɑːˈdʒiːk]
-‘stæn]
Thailand [ˈtailænd, -lənd] Bangkok [bæŋˈkɔk] Thai
Timor-Leste [tiːˌmɔː ˈleʃtei] Dili [ˈdiːli] East Timorese
Turkey [ˈtɜːki] Ankara [ˈæŋkərə] Turk
Turkmenistan [tɜːkmeni Ashgabat [ˈæʃgəbæt] Turkmen
ˈstɑːn, -‘stæn]
United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi [ˌæbuː ˈdɑːbi] Emirati
[ˈemirəts]
Uzbekistan [uzbekiˈstɑːn, Tashkent [tæʃˈkent] Uzbek [ˈuzbek]
ʌz-, -‘stæn]
Vietnam [vjetˈnæm, -ˈnɑːm] Hanoi [hæˈnɔi] Vietnamese
Yemen [ˈjemən] Sana’a [saˈnɑ, ˈsæːnə] Yemeni
Africa
Country Capital City Native or inhabitant of
Algiers [alˈdʒiəz] Algerian
Algeria[ælˈdʒiriə]
Luanda [luˈændə] Angolan
Angola [æŋˈgoulə]
Porto-Novo (official) [ˌpɔːtəu Beninese
Benin [beˈniːn] ˈnouvou], Cotonou (de facto)
[ˌkɒtəˈnuː]
Botswana [bɒtˈswɑːnə] Gaborone [ˌgæbəˈrouni] Motswana (singular),
Batswana (plural)

Burkina Faso [bəːˌkiːnə Ouagadougou ц[ˌwɑːgə Burkinabe

ˈduːguː]
ˈfasou]
Gitega Burundian
Burundi [buˈrundi]
Cabo Verde [kɑbouˈvəːd] Praia [ˈprʌiə] Cabo Verdean

Cameroon [ˌkæməˈruːn] Yaoundé [jæˈoundei] Cameroonian

Central African Republic Bangui [ˈbæŋgiː] Central African

N’Djamena[ˌ(ə)ndʒæˈmeinə] Chadian
Chad [tʃæd]
Moroni [məˈrouni] Comorian
Comoros [ˈkɒmərouz]
Côte d’Ivoire [kout diːˈvwɑː] Yamoussoukro (political) Ivorian, Ivoirian
[ˌjæmuːˈsuːkrou],
Abidjan(economic) [ˌæbi
ˈdʒɑːn]
Republic of the Congo Brazzaville [ˈbrazəvil] Congolese
Democratic Republic of the Kinshasa [kinˈʃɑːsə, -zə] Congolese
Congo
Djibouti [dʒiˈbuːti] Djiboutian
Djibouti [dʒiˈbuːti]
Cairo [ˈkaiərou] Egyptian
Egypt [ˈiːdʒipt]
Malabo [məˈlɑːbou] Equatorial Guinean,
Equatorial Guinea
Equatoguinean
[ekwəˌtɔːriəl ˈgini]
Eritrea [ˌeriˈtreiə] Asmara [æsˈmɑːrə] Eritrean

Ethiopia [ˌiːθiˈoupiə] Addis Ababa [ˌædis ˈæbəbə] Ethiopian

Libreville [ˈliːbrəvil] Gabonese
Gabon [gəˈbɒn]
Republic of The Gambia Banjul [banˈdʒuːl] Gambian

[ˈgæmbiə]
Accra [əˈkrɑː] Ghanaian
Ghana [ˈgɑːnə]
Conakry [ˈkɒnəkri] Guinean
Guinea [ˈgini]
Guinea-Bissau [ˌginibiˈsau] Bissau [biˈsau] Bissau-Guinean

Nairobi [naiˈroubi] Kenyan

Kenya [ˈkenjə]
Maseru [məˈseːruː] Mosotho (singular), Basotho
Lesotho [ləˈsuːtuː]
(plural)
Liberia [lʌiˈbiəriə] Monrovia [mɒnˈrouviə] Liberian
Libya [ˈlibiə] Tripoli [ˈtripəli] Libyan
Madagascar [ˌmædəˈgæskə] Antananarivo [ˌantəˌnanə Madagascan
ˈriːvou]
Lilongwe [liˈlɒŋwei] Malawian
Malawi [məˈlɑːwi]
Bamako [ˈbæməkou] Malian
Mali [ˈmɑːli]
Mauritania [ˌmɒriˈteiniə] Nouakchott [nwækˈʃɒt] Mauritanian

Mauritius [məˈriʃəs] Port Louis [ˈluːis, luːi] Mauritian

Morocco [məˈrɒkou] Rabat [rəˈbæt] Moroccan

Mozambique [mouzəmˈbiːk] Maputo [məˈpuːtou] Mozambican

Namibia [nəˈmibiə] Windhoek [ˈwinthuk] Namibian

Niger [ˈnaidʒər, niːˈʒeə] Niamey [njɑːˈmei] Nigerien

Nigeria [naiˈdʒiəriə] Abuja [əˈbuːdʒə] Nigerian

Kigali [kiˈgɑːli] Rwandan

Rwanda [ruːˈændə]
Sao Tome and Principe Sao Tome [sautɒˈmei] Sao Tomean
[sautɒˈmeiˈprinsipei]

Senegal [ˌseniˈgɔːl] Dakar [ˈdækə] Senegalese

Seychelles [seiˈʃelz, -ʃel] Victoria [vikˈtɔːriə] Seychellois

Sierra Leone [siˈerəlioun] Freetown [ˈfriːtaun] Sierra Leonean

Somalia [səˈmɑːliə] Mogadishu [ˌmɔgəˈdiʃuː] Somali [səˈmɑːli]

South Africa Pretoria [priˈtɔːriə] (official), South African

Cape Town [keip]
(legislative), Bloemfontein
[ˈbluːmfɒnˌtein] (judicial)
South Sudan [suˈdæn, -dɑːn] Juba [ˈdʒuːbə] South Sudanese

Sudan[suˈdæn, -dɑːn] Khartoum [kɑːˈtuːm] Sudanese

Swaziland Mbabane [ə)mbɑːˈbɑːni] Swazi

Eswatini/eSwatini
[ˈswɑːzilænd]

United Republic of Tanzania Dar es Salaam (de facto) Tanzanian

[ˌtænzəˈniːə] [ˌdɑːressəˈlɑːm],
Dodoma(official) [dou
ˈdoumə]
Togo [ˈtougou] Lome [ˈloumei] Togolese

Tunis [ˈtjuːnis] Tunisian

Tunisia [tjuːˈniziə]
Uganda [juːˈgændə] Kampala [kæmˈpɑːlə] Ugandan

Zambia [ˈzæmbiə] Lusaka [luːˈsɑːkə] Zambian

Zimbabwe [zimˈbɑːbwi, - Harare [həˈrɑːri] Zimbabwean

wei]
 Australia and Oceania
Country Capital City Native or inhabitant of
Australia [ɔˈstreiliə] Canberra [ˈkanbərə] Australian
Fiji [ˈfiːdʒi] Suva [ˈsuːvə] Fijian
Kiribati [kiriˈbæːti] Tarawa [təˈrɑːwə] I-Kiribati
Marshall Islands [ˈmɑːʃl] Majuro [ˈmæˈdʒərou] Marshallese
Micronesia [ˌmʌikrouˈniːziə] Palikir [ˈpælikiər] Micronesian
Nauru [nɑːˈuːruː] Yaren ['ya:rən] Nauruan
New Zealand [njuː ˈziːlənd] Wellington [ˈweliŋtən] New Zealander
Palau [pəˈlau] Ngerulmud Palauan
Papua New Guinea Port Moresby [ˈmɔːzbi] Papua New Guinean
[ˌpæpuənjuː ˈginiː]
Samoa [səˈmouə] Apia [ˈapiə] Samoan
Solomon Islands [ˈsɔləmən] Honiara [ˌhouniˈɑːrə] Solomon Islander
Tonga [ˈtɔŋgə] Nuku’alofa [nuːkuːəˈloufə] Tongan
Tuvalu [tuːˈvɑːluː] Funafuti [fuːnəˈfuːti] Tuvaluan
Vanuatu [ˌvanuːˈɑːtuː] Port Vila [ˈviːlə] Ni-Vanuatu [niːvanuːˈɑːtuː]

North and South America

Country Capital City Native or inhabitant of
Antigua and Barbuda [æn Saint John’s [,seint 'jonz] Antiguan, Barbudan
ˌtiːgəənbɑːˈbuːdə]
Argentina [ˌɑːdʒənˈtiːnə] Buenos Aires [bweinəs Argentine, Argentinian
ˈʌiriːz]
The Bahamas [bəˈhɑːməz] Nassau [ˈnæsɔː] Bahamian
Barbados [bɑːˈbeidəs, -dous] Bridgetown [ˈbridʒtaun] Barbadian
Belize [bəˈliːz] Belmopan [ˌbɛlmouˈpan] Belizean
Bolivia [bəˈliviə] Sucre (official) [ˈsuːkrei], La Bolivian
Paz (de facto) [lɑː ˈpɑːz]
Brazil [brəˈzil] Brasilia [brəˈziliə] Brazilian
Canada [ˈkænədə] Ottawa [ˈɔtəwə] Canadian
Chile [ˈtʃili] Santiago [ˌsantiˈɑːgou] Chilean
Colombia [kəˈlʌmbiə] Bogota [bougəˈtɑː] Colombian
Costa Rica [ˌkɔstə ˈriːkə] San José [sa:nhouˈzei] Costa Rican
Cuba [ˈkjuːbə] Havana [həˈvænə] Cuban
Dominica [dəmiˈnikə] Roseau [rouˈzou] Dominican
Dominican Republic [də Santo Domingo [ˌsantoudə Dominican
ˈminikən] ˈmiŋgou]
Ecuador [ˈɛkwədɔː] Quito [ˈkiːtou] Ecuadorian
El Salvador [el ˈsælvədɔː] San Salvador [ˈsælvədɔː] Salvadoran
Grenada [grəˈneidə] Saint George’s [ˈdʒɔːdʒiz] Grenadian
Guatemala [ˌgwɑːtəˈmɑːlə] Guatemala City [ˌgwɑːtə Guatemalan
ˈmɑːlə]
Guyana [gaiˈænə] Georgetown [ˈdʒɔːdʒtaun] Guyanese
Haiti [ˈheiti]
Honduras [hɒnˈd(j)uərəs]
Jamaica [dʒəˈmeikə]
Mexico [ˈmeksikou]
Nicaragua [ˌnikəˈrægwə]
Panama [ˈpænəmɑː]
Paraguay [ˈpærəgwai]
Peru [pəˈruː]
Saint Kitts and Nevis [seint
ˌkits ænd ˈniːvis]
Saint Lucia [ˈluːʃə]
Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines [ˌvinsəntənðə
ˈgrenədiːnz]
Suriname [suriˈnæm, -ˈnɑːm]
Trinidad and Tobago
[ˈtrinidadəndtəˈbeigou]
United States of America
Uruguay [ˈjuərəgwai]
Venezuela [ˌvenəˈzweilə]
Port-au-Prince[pɔːrtouˈprins] Haitian [ˈheiʃ(ə)n]
Tegucigalpa [teˌguːsiˈgalpə] Honduran
Kingston [ˈkiŋstən] Jamaican
Mexico City [ˈmeksikou] Mexican
Managua [məˈnɑːgwə] Nicaraguan
Panama City [ˈpænəmɑː] Panamanian
Asuncion [asunˈθjon] Paraguayan
Lima [ˈliːmə] Peruvian
Basseterre [basˈteːr] Kittitian, Nevisian
Castries [ˈkæstriːz] Saint Lucian
Kingstown [ˈkiŋztaun] Vincentian
Paramaribo [ˌparəˈmaribou] Surinamese
Port of Spain Trinidadian, Tobagonian
Washington, D.C. [wɒʃiŋtən American
diː ˈsiː]
Montevideo [mɒntiviˈdeiou] Uruguayan
Caracas [kəˈrækəs] Venezuelan