Case study 23

Steam which is available from a boiler at 413.68 Kpa (60 psia) is

compressed according to pV=constant inside a piston cylinder
arrangement, to 689.4 Kpa (100 psia).
Determine the heat to be removed during the process, if the original
volume was 0.283 m3.(10 ft3)

Q = Δu + W

Δu = u2- u1
= h2-h1 – (p2V2- p1V1)

But p1V1= p2V2

Δu = h2- h1

Assuming the steam to be dry saturated at 413.68 Kpa (60 psia)

h1= 1177.6 Btu/lb (562.89 KJ/kg)

Mass of steam present = V1/Vg = 10/ 7.175 = 1.393 lb (0.632 kgs)

V2= V1(60/100) = 6 ft3(0.169 m3)

But Vg at 100 psia = 4.432 ft3/lb (0.0562 m3/kg)

x2 = V2/(Vg*m)
= 6/(4.432*1.393) = 0.971

h2= hf + xhfg = 298.4+ 0.971*888.8

= 1161.42 Btu/lb (555.16 KJ/kg)

Hence Δu= 1161.42- 1177.6 = -16.16 Btu/lb (-7.72 KJ/kg.)

ΔU = -16.16* 1.393 = -22.53 Btu (-23.77 KJ)

Now W= pVln(p1/p2) = 60*144*10 *ln(0.6) = -56.72 Btu (59.84 KJ)

778
Therefore,
Q = ΔU + W
Q= -22.53 – 56.72 = - 79.25 Btu. (-83.6 KJ)
[Calculation of heat removed for an isothermal compression process.]
[Calculation of work done in case of an isothermal compression
process]