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 Introduction

Are you a SSC aspirant who is confused with which questions to practice and from where to
practice? Aspirants often face a lot of trouble in selecting the right question bank to practice
for the exam. Therefore, to ease out the candidate's preparation journey we have launched
the SmartBook, which is a Next Generation Smart Question Bank. This Smart Question
Bank is a new way of learning, different from the conventional style of practicing questions.

This SmartBook contains the Best 4000 Questions selected from a pool of more than 1 Lakh
questions. Question selection and its bifurcation across 3 different difficulty levels are based
on the user's attempt & performance data on each question. Testbook's Data Science Team
has extracted and processed tons of data points like the speed of answering, maximum time
taken to answer, accuracy trend on each question, toppers & average student's
performances, etc. from the students' responses on each question. They have then drawn
amazing comparative insights for you.

Why Smart Question Bank?

The candidates will learn to emphasize on key details related to problem-solving with
the help of this Smart Question Bank. Testbook has designed SmartBook to reform the
approach of question-solving. The salient features of this SmartBook are as follows:

Best 4000 questions included in this SmartBook have been shortlisted on the basis
of performance data of students studying on Testbook’s online platform.

Machine Learning technology has been used to calculate the difficulty

level and ideal Time To Answer (TTA) the questions.

Smart Answer Key is provided to analyze the comparative performance

data at each question.

Free chapter-wise Video Lessons are provided to revise the concepts & tricks before
starting the practice which can be accessed by scanning the QR code.

After Solving the Questions Check the Smart Answer Key to:

Check question-wise difficulty level and percentage of students who

attempted it correctly or skipped it.

See the detailed & comprehensive solutions of all questions at the end of
every chapter.
 How to Use This Book?

Free Video Lessons SCAN QR

code for FREE video
lessons on this chapter
The aspirants can access video lessons along with PDF notes, and practice
questions for each chapter in this SmartBook. This can be done by scanning
a QR code given at the beginning of each chapter.

Level 1 Questions: This level comprises questions from basic fundamental concepts. The
students should start with level 1. The questions included in this level shall be based on the
direct use of formulae. These types of questions can be solved quickly and shall be helpful
for exams like SSC CGL Tier I, SSC MTS, SSC GD Constable, SSC IMD (Part I), SSC Selection
Post (Matric level), etc.

Level 2 Questions: This level includes questions with moderate difficulty level. These
questions shall consist of the applied nature of topics. The expertise in these types of
questions will help candidates in exams like SSC CHSL, SSC CPO, SSC Selection Post
(Intermediate level), etc.

Level 3 Questions: These questions are difficult both in terms of concept as well as
calculation. This level of questions is useful for exams like SSC Selection Post (Graduate
level). In order to enhance your skills in solving tricky and calculation-intensive questions.
 Expert’s Curated General Knowledge Preparation
Tips for SSC Exam
The General Knowledge section is tough yet most scoring sections of the SSC examinations.
The candidates need to be updated with the latest current affairs, facts, movements, etc. in
order to score well in the General Knowledge segment:

The recruitment for reputed posts like Assistant Section Officer, Inspector of Income Tax, etc. is
done through SSC CGL examinations. The SSC CGL Tier 1 holds the General Awareness section for
50 marks.

The SSC CHSL exam is conducted to recruit candidates for the posts of Postal Assistant, Lower
Divisional Clerks, Court Clerk, Sorting Assistants, Data Entry Operators, etc. If you are aiming for
SSC CHSL Tier 1 then you must know that the General Awareness section holds a weightage of 50

SSC conducts exams to recruit candidates for SSC Selection Post, SSC GD Constable, SSC CPO,
etc. The examination includes a General Awareness section for 25 marks for SSC GD Constable
and 50 marks for the SSC Selection post

As you now know, in order to get a seat in the SSC recruitment the candidates must have a
strong command of General Knowledge. The SSC Smart Question Practice Book is a perfect
guide to help you remember all the important things.

Exam Difficulty Level: Matriculation

SSC CGL Tier I, SSC MTS, SSC GD Constable, SSC IMD (Part I) & SSC Selection Post

SSC CGL Tier I, SSC MTS, SSC GD Constable, SSC IMD (Part I) & SSC Selection Post, all
the exams have GA as a section. The level of questions asked in the exams is
matriculation i.e. 10th level. To get an idea of the difficulty level of the exams, the
aspirants should refer to NCERT books. Here are some expert-recommended tips to
crack Matriculation level SSC exams below:

Read the newspaper daily as it will make you aware of the current happenings of the world.

Emphasis on Indian History and Geography as they are asked frequently.

Learn about famous political personalities and movements of the country.

The candidates should make handwritten notes to remember the important GK points.

Exam Difficulty Level: Intermediate

SSC CHSL, SSC CPO & SSC Selection Post

Exams like SSC CHSL, SSC CPO, and SSC Selection Post have greater difficulty levels
and the candidates need to prepare really well to confirm their seat in the recruitment
process.
 Questions on the Indian Constitution and important constitutional amendments are asked in
the examination.

The candidates should remember all the important and recently passed bills.

The candidates should Indian Political structure and leaders.

The candidates should also be aware of the important Indian organizations and the purpose of
their existence.

Exam Difficulty Level: Graduation

SSC Selection Post

The candidates appearing for the SSC selection post exam will have to attempt
questions based on General Awareness. Below we have mentioned some important
topics to focus on:

Candidates should know about the UN organizations and their headquarters.

The questions are also asked about India and its relationship with the neighboring countries.

Candidates should also read about the important Government schemes

Smart Tips for General Knowledge

Candidates can find some expert-recommended tips and tricks for the SSC exam

Understand the Exam Syllabus & Pattern

The candidates should prepare strictly in accordance with the latest SSC syllabus and
exam pattern.

The candidates should also be aware of the marking scheme and negative marking
criteria.

The candidates should focus more on subjects associated with the highest marks.

Focus on various categories of Current Affairs

Put the prime focus on major categories of Current Affairs. Questions from National and
International News, Sports, Science and Technology, and Art and Culture are some of
the sections that carry the maximum weightage of questions.

To attempt these questions, candidates must be well updated about the last 6 months of
Current Affairs. Paying attention to the global happenings will help you attempt
questions from this section very easily.
Practice Time Management
Candidates should focus on improving their time management skills.

The candidates should take note of the time taken by them while practicing.

Stay updated with the current affairs

One needs to focus on GA as much as Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude. Here's why
General Awareness should be taken to a safer spot if taken seriously

More marks in less time: Since questions in GA are less calculation-based, you can
attempt the entire GA section quickly. Preparing the Science and Technology, Sports,
and Current Affairs section properly can help you in scoring at least 20 marks.

Less chance to score negative marks: Again, since there is nothing to solve in General
Awareness questions, you will always know whether you know the response or not. This
means there is no chance that you will knowingly mark an answer wrong.
 Table of Content

Chapter No. Chapter Level Page No.

1. Ancient History Level I 1

Level II 4

Level III 8

Smart Answer Key 13

Solutions 15

2. Medieval History Level I 46

Level II 49

Level III 53

Smart Answer Key 58

Solutions 60

3. Modern History Level I 92

Level II 95

Level III 99

Smart Answer Key 104

Solutions 106

4. Indian Geography Level I 135

Level II 140

Level III 145

Smart Answer Key 152

Solutions 154

5. World Geography Level I 190

Level II 192

Level III 196

Smart Answer Key 202

Solutions 204
Chapter No. Chapter Level Page No.
6. Polity Level I 236

Level II 246

Level III 255

Smart Answer Key 265

Solutions 268

7. Economics Level I 333

Level II 335

Level III 339

Smart Answer Key 346

Solutions 348

8. Environment & Ecology Level I 375

Level II 377

Level III 381

Smart Answer Key 385

Solutions 387

9. Physics Level I 411

Level II 416

Level III 420

Smart Answer Key 424

Solutions 426

10. Chemistry Level I 456

Level II 459

Level III 462

Smart Answer Key 467

Solutions 469
Chapter No. Chapter Level Page No.
11. Biology Level I 497

Level II 503

Level III 508

Smart Answer Key 515

Solutions 518

12. Computer Awareness Level I 562

Level II 565

Level III 568

Smart Answer Key 572

Solutions 574

13. Static GK Level I 599

Level II 607

Level III 614

Smart Answer Key 623

Solutions 626
CHAPTER:
1
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LEVEL
1 1
-
86
Questions
A)
Manu B)
Kaushtikya
C)
Vishvamitra D)
Udgatri
1.
Which
one
of
the
following
is
INCORRECTLY
matched? 13.
That
Gautam
Buddha
was
born
in
Lumbini
is
confirmed
TTA
:
21
Seconds by
whose
inscription?
A)
Atharva-Veda-Knowledge B)
Rig
Veda
-
Knowledge
of TTA
:
14
Seconds
of
the
magic
formulas the
Hymns
of
Praise A)
Samudragupta B)
Harsh
C)
Yajur
-Veda
Knowledge
of D)
Sama
-Veda
-
Knowledge C)
Ashoka D)
Pulkeshin
II
the
sacrificial
formulas of
Science
14.
Who
wrote
Kitab-ul-Hind?
2.
Mohenjo-daro
lies
on
bank
of
which
river?
TTA
:
17
Seconds
TTA
:
9
Seconds
A)
Al-Masudi B)
Al-Biruni
A)
Ravi B)
Indus
C)
Sulaiman D)
Firdausi
C)
Ghaggar D)
Saraswati
15.
What
is
the
Vedic
name
of
the
Ravi
river?
3.
Which
of
the
following
ancient
poet
wrote
TTA
:
10
Seconds
Abhijnanashakuntalam? A)
Askini B)
Shutudri
TTA
:
8
Seconds
C)
Parushini D)
Kalindi
A)
Bhasa B)
Shudhraka
C)
Aryabhat D)
Kalidasa 16.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
sole
example
of
Proto-
Historical
Phase
in
the
Indian
subcontinent?
4.
_______
is
an
ancient
Sanskrit
text
on
medicine
and
TTA
:
19
Seconds
surgery. A)
Vedic
Civilization B)
Indus
Valley
Civilization
TTA
:
14
Seconds
C)
Gupta
Period D)
Magadh
Empire
A)
Arthashashtra B)
Raghuvamsha
C)
Sushruta
Samhita D)
Abhijnanashakuntala 17.
Who
among
the
following
is
the
author
of
the
book
‘Ashtadhyayi’?
5.
"Vipas"
is
the
Rigvedic
name
of
___________
river.
TTA
:
11
Seconds
TTA
:
12
Seconds
A)
Banabhatta B)
Panini
A)
Chenab B)
Beas
C)
Shudraka D)
Patanjali
C)
Jhelum D)
Ravi
18.
'Nachiketa
is
mentioned
in
the
__________.
6.
Birth
place
of
Lord
Gautam
Buddha
is
TTA
:
9
Seconds
TTA
:
8
Seconds
A)
Atharvaveda B)
Kathopanishad
A)
Lumbini B)
Sarnath
C)
Satapatha
brahmin D)
None
of
the
above
C)
Bodh
Gaya D)
Vaishali
19.
The
Vedic
Civilisation
in
India
flourished
along
the
7.
Who
wrote
the
book
Indica?
river__________.
TTA
:
7
Seconds
TTA
:
12
Seconds
A)
Megasthenese B)
Aristotle
A)
Tapi B)
Saraswati
C)
Chanakya D)
None
of
these
C)
Narmada D)
Godavari
8.
Vedic
religion
was
also
known
as
________.
20.
What
is
the
meaning
of
the
word
‘Mohenjo-daro’?
TTA
:
13
Seconds
TTA
:
7
Seconds
A)
Buddhism B)
Brahmanism
A)
Favourite
city B)
Mound
of
the
dead
C)
Jainism D)
Hedonism
C)
Place
of
living D)
A
market
area
9.
Which
was
the
prominent
city
unearthed
in
1921
in
21.
In
the
vedic
period,
the
society
was
divided
into
_______
Montogomery
district
on
the
banks
of
river
Ravi?
classes
called
Varnas.
TTA
:
15
Seconds
TTA
:
12
Seconds
A)
Kanauj B)
Harappa
A)
six B)
three
C)
Vaishali D)
Magadha
C)
five D)
four
10.
Chandragupta
I
was
succeeded
by
his
son
_______.
22.
The
first
ruler
of
Magadha
Mahajanapadas
in
the
sixth
TTA
:
13
Seconds
century
BC
was—
A)
Samudragupta B)
Bhanugupta
TTA
:
15
Seconds
C)
Skandagupta D)
Purugupta A)
Mahavira B)
Prasenjit
11.
The
Mricchakatika
is
written
by C)
Bimbisara D)
Ajatashatru
TTA
:
9
Seconds
23.
Near
which
river
was
most
of
the
Rigveda
Civilizations
A)
Kalidasa B)
Sudraka
were
situated?
C)
Bilhana D)
Bhasa TTA
:
13
Seconds
12.
The
famous
Gayatri
mantra
was
created
by
whom? A)
Narmada B)
Saraswati
TTA
:
11
Seconds C)
Ganga D)
Godavari
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

24.
Choose
the
correct
group
of
important
Gods
of
the
early 36.
The
Deopahar
is
a
Archaeological
Site
located
in
Vedic
period. _________.
TTA
:
19
Seconds TTA
:
6
Seconds
A)
Brahma,
Prajapati,
Garuda B)
Seshanaga,
Chandra, A)
Mizoram B)
Assam
Yama C)
Meghalaya D)
Nagaland
C)
Varuna,
Vishnu,
Shiva D)
Agni,
Indra,
Soma
37.
Where
did
Buddha
preach
his
first
sermon?
25.
What
were
the
two
assemblies
during
the
Early
Vedic TTA
:
9
Seconds
period? A)
Kasi B)
Sarnath
TTA
:
11
Seconds C)
Kushinagar D)
Bodh
Gaya
A)
Samiti B)
Sabha
38.
Harappa
was
excavated
by
________.
C)
Samiti
and
Sabha D)
Neither
1
nor
2
TTA
:
12
Seconds
26.
What
does
the
term
'Yajur'
in
'Yajur
Veda'
mean? A)
Rakhal
Das
Banerjee B)
E.
J.
H.
MacKay
TTA
:
24
Seconds C)
Rai
Bahadur
Daya
Ram D)
R.S
Bisht
A)
Life B)
Nature Sahni
C)
Sacrifice D)
Truth
39.
Lothal
is
a
city
of
the
ancient
Indus
Valley
Civilization
27.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
oldest
Vedas? which
located
in
________.
TTA
:
8
Seconds TTA
:
10
Seconds
A)
Rigveda B)
Yajurveda A)
Gujarat B)
Madhya
Pradesh
C)
Samaveda D)
Atharvaveda C)
Rajasthan D)
Uttar
Pradesh
28.
There
are
total
__________
hymns
in
Rig
Veda 40.
Who
was
the
founder
of
Maurya
dynasty
TTA
:
8
Seconds TTA
:
11
Seconds
A)
1028 B)
1208 A)
Chandragupta
II B)
Chandragupta
Maurya
C)
1017 D)
1020 C)
Vishnugupta D)
Ashoka
29.
Which
of
the
following
text
is
referred
as
‘Vedanta’? 41.
What
was
the
capital
of
the
Magadha
Mahajanapada?
TTA
:
14
Seconds TTA
:
9
Seconds
A)
Vedangas B)
Aranyakas A)
Sravasti B)
Champa
C)
Upanishads D)
Brahmanas C)
Patliputra D)
Pawa
30.
Under
whose
kingship,
fourth
Buddhist
Council
was 42.
Where
is
Seven
Rathas
Temple
located,
built
during
held? Pallavas
times?
TTA
:
13
Seconds TTA
:
12
Seconds
A)Ashoka B)Kalasoka A)
Aihole B)
Mahabalipuram
C)
Kanishka D)Ajatshatru C)
Kanchi D)
Badami
43.
The
Indus
Valley
houses
were
built
using
________.
31.
Biography
of
Harshavardhana,
'Harshacharita'
was
TTA
:
9
Seconds
written
by
a
Sanskrit
poet
______
which
describes
his
A)
mud B)
bricks
association
with
Thanesar.
TTA
:
9
Seconds C)
stones D)
bamboos
A)
Bhasa B)
Kalidasa 44.
Where
is
the
famous
Mahabodhi
Temple
located?
C)
Banabhatta D)
Dandi TTA
:
11
Seconds
A)
Kushinagar B)
Lumbini
32.
A
massive
temple,
dedicated
to
the
Sun
God
is
situated
in
________. C)
Bodh
Gaya D)
Sarnath
TTA
:
9
Seconds 45.
To
which
dynasty
did
Ashoka
belong?
A)
Karnataka B)
Odisha TTA
:
11
Seconds
C)
Gujarat D)
Madhya
Pradesh A)
Nanda B)
Gupta
33.
‘Ashta
Mahasthana’
refers
to
the
eight
significant
places C)
Kanva D)
Maurya
associated
with
the
life
of
the
Buddha.
Which
among
the 46.
Who
was
the
last
king
of
the
Nanda
dynasty?
following
is
NOT
one
of
those? TTA
:
9
Seconds
TTA
:
14
Seconds A)
Kaivarta B)
Dhana
Nanda
A)
Sarnath B)
Raigad C)
Panduka D)
Govishanaka
C)
Lumbini D)
Bodh
Gaya
47.
Which
Veda
contains
the
Gayatri
Mantra?
34.
Indica
was
written
by: TTA
:
12
Seconds
TTA
:
5
Seconds A)
Atharva
Veda B)
Sama
Veda
A)
Strabo B)
Megasthenes C)
Yajur
Veda D)
Rig
Veda
C)
Justin D)
Pliny
48.
The
foundation
of
Buddhism
are
the
____
noble
truths
35.
Whose
sacred
books
are
"Jataks"
? and
the
_____
fold
path.
TTA
:
9
Seconds TTA
:
17
Seconds
A)
Hindus B)
Jains A)
six,
four B)
eight,
six
C)
Tibetans D)
Buddhists C)
two,
eight D)
four,
eight
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

49.
The
biggest
epic
in
the
world
is: 61.
Tolkappiyam
in
Sangam
age
is
the
greatest
work
of
TTA
:
7
Seconds ______
literature.
A)
Bible B)
Mahabharata TTA
:
12
Seconds
C)
Janda
Avesta D)
Quran A)
Tamil B)
Telgu
C)
Sanskrit D)
Kannad
50.
Famous
Greek
ambassador
Megasthenes
come
to
which
of
the
following
Indian
King? 62.
Which
one
is
the
writer
of
the
book
Harshacharitra?
TTA
:
15
Seconds TTA
:
11
Seconds
A)
Ashok B)
Harsh
Vardhan A)
Kalidas B)
Shudraka
C)
Kumaragupta
I D)
Chandragupta
Maurya C)
Banabhatta D)
Hall
51.
Before
becomong
the
ruler
of
the
Mauryan
dynasty, 63.
The
first
country
in
which
Buddhism
was
propagated
Emperor
Ashoka
was
the
Governor
of
________. outside
India
is
TTA
:
13
Seconds TTA
:
12
Seconds
A)
Ujjain B)
Datia A)
Japan B)
China
C)
Indore D)
Bhopal C)
South
Korea D)
Sri
Lanka
52.
The
people
of
the
Indus
Valley
Civilisation
worshipped 64.
Who
founded
the
Shunga
dynasty?
________. TTA
:
10
Seconds
TTA
:
7
Seconds A)
Pushyamitra
Shunga B)
Agnimitra
Shunga
A)
Hanuman B)
Kali C)
Vasujyeshtha
Shunga D)
Vasumitra
Shunga
C)
Ayyappa D)
Pashupati
65.
Sanskrit
Ramayana
is
written
by
53.
Which
of
the
following
sites
is
associated
with
the
birth TTA
:
15
Seconds
of
Gautama
Buddha? A)
Valmiki B)
Kabir
TTA
:
11
Seconds C)
Tulsidas D)
Vyasa
A)
Lumbini B)
Bodh
Gaya
66.
T

 he
last
king
of
the
Maurya
dynasty
was
______.
C)
Sarnath D)
Kushinagar
TTA
:
10
Seconds
54.
The
founder
of
the
Gupta
dynasty
was
________. A)
Bindusara B)
Dasharatha
TTA
:
9
Seconds C)
Dhana
Nanda D)
Brihadratha
A)
Kumaragupta B)
Chandragupta
I
67.
The
terms
Citadel
and
Lower
town
are
associated
with
C)
Sri
Gupta D)
Samudragupta
which
city?
55.
Name
the
warrior
of
Mewar
whose
body
had
80
injury TTA
:
12
Seconds
marks? A)
Hampi B)
Magadh
TTA
:
11
Seconds C)
Harappa D)
Mathura
A)
Rana
Sanga B)
Lakha
Singh
68.
What
does
"Tri-ratna"
indicate
in
Budhism?
C)
Amar
Singh D)
Bappa
Rawal
TTA
:
12
Seconds
56.
From
which
of
the
following
Upanishads
has
‘Satyameva A)
Buddha,
Dhamma,
Sangha B)
Sarnath,
Lumbini,
Bodh
Jayate’
originated? Gaya
TTA
:
7
Seconds C)
Love,
Compassion,
Mercy D)
Truth,
Non-violence,
A)
Kena B)
Katha Kindness
C)
Mundaka D)
Maitri 69.
What
was
the
capital
of
the
Mauryan
empire?
57.
In
which
of
the
following
Indian
states
is
Kalibangan,
an TTA
:
10
Seconds
Indus
valley
site,
located? A)
Pataliputra B)
Vaishali
TTA
:
12
Seconds C)
Indraprastha D)
Kusinagra
A)
Madhya
Pradesh B)
Karnataka
70.
Which
Gupta
ruler
is
known
as
the
Napoleon
of
India?
C)
Punjab D)
Rajasthan TTA
:
9
Seconds
58.
Which
of
these
archaeological
sites
lies
in
Haryana? A)
Ramagupta B)
Skandagupta
TTA
:
13
Seconds C)
Chandragupta
I D)
Samundragupta
A)
Lothal B)
Dholavira
71.
The
Chinese
traveller
Huien
Tsang
visited
India
during
C)
Rakhigarhi D)
Mehrauli
Park which
king’s
rule?
59.
Chaityas
and
Viharas
were
constructed
for
monks
of TTA
:
7
Seconds
which
religion? A)
Pulakesin B)
Harshvardhana
TTA
:
14
Seconds C)
Rajavardhana D)
Kirtivarman
A)
Judaism B)
Christianity
72.
______
is
also
known
as
‘The
Light
of
Asia’.
C)
Buddhism D)
Hinduism TTA
:
15
Seconds
60.
Who
wrote
'Ramcharitmanas'? A)
Rumi B)
Buddha
TTA
:
8
Seconds C)
Gandhi D)
Swami
Vivekananda
A)
Tulsidas B)
Vedvyas
73.
Ashtadhyayi
is
authored
by
who
among
the
following?
C)
Kalidas D)
Panini TTA
:
9
Seconds
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

A)
Kalidas B)
Vedvyas A)
Rakhigarhi B)
Dholavira

C)
Chanakya D)
Panini C)
Kalibangan D)
Lothal
74.
Which
of
the
following
is
not
an
important
site
of
the 86.
In
which
book
were
many
of
the
Chanakya's
ideas
Indus
Valley
civilisation? written
down?
TTA
:
9
Seconds TTA
:
11
Seconds
A)
Lothal B)
Dibrugarh A)
Puranas B)
Rajatarangini
C)
Mohenjodaro D)
Harappa C)
Arthshastra D)
Mahapravas
75.
Who
founded
the
Maurya
dynasty
after
defeating
Dhana
Nanda?
TTA
:
11
Seconds LEVEL
2 87
-
166
Questions
A)
Bindusara B)
Ashoka
C)
Kunala D)
Chandragupta
87.
Who
was
the
author
of
'Brihatsmhita'?
76.
Who
wrote
the
book
‘Shi-Yu-Ki’
after
visiting TTA
:
16
Seconds
Harshavardhana
court? A)
Aryabhatta B)
Varahamihira
TTA
:
11
Seconds C)
Amarasimha D)
Brahmagupta
A)
Pu
Songling B)
Hiuen-Tsang
88.
Manjusri
in
Ajanta
Painting
is
related
to
which
religion?
C)
Zhang
Ping D)
Banabhatta
TTA
:
13
Seconds
77.
To
which
civilisation
can
the
port
town
of
Lothal
be A)
Buddhism B)
Jainism
traced
to? C)
Ajivika D)
None
of
the
above
TTA
:
12
Seconds
89.
Which
city
was
excavated
in
1922
in
Larkana
district
on
A)
Dravidian
Civilisation B)
Deccan
Valley
Civilisation
the
banks
of
Indus?
C)
Indo-Greek
Civilisation D)
Harappan
Civilisation
TTA
:
16
Seconds
78.
Who
is
the
first
Tirthankar? A)
Mohanjodaro B)
Dhanushkodi
TTA
:
10
Seconds C)
Kanchi D)
Harappa
A)
Rishabhdev B)
Neminath
90.
The
Second
Buddhist
Council
was
held
during
the
reign
C)
Parsvanath D)
Vardhaman
of
__________.
79.
Which
dynasty
did
Kanishka
belong
to? TTA
:
14
Seconds
TTA
:
9
Seconds A)
Udayabhadra B)
Mahapadmananda
A)
Maurya B)
Pallava C)
Shishunaga D)
Kalasoka
C)
Kushan D)
Chola
91.
Who
wrote
holy
book
'Bhagavad
Gita'?
80.
King
Harshvardhan
established
a
large
center
of TTA
:
14
Seconds
knowledge
which
was
called
as
'Bhadra-Vihar'
at
_____. A)
Kalidas B)
Valmiki
TTA
:
16
Seconds C)
Surdas D)
Ved
Vyas
A)
Mathura B)
Kashi
92.
What
is
the
name
of
the
book
where
the
rules
made
by
C)
Kannauj D)
Haridwar
the
Buddhist
Sanghas
were
laid
down?
81.
Who
was
known
as
'Devanampriya
Priyadarshi'? TTA
:
15
Seconds
TTA
:
12
Seconds A)
Stotra B)
Vinaya
Pitaka
A)
Ashoka
Maurya B)
Bindusara
Maurya C)
Mahabhinishkramana D)
Panchatantra
C)
Chandragupta
Maurya D)
Mahapadma
Nanda
93.
Match
the
Following:
82.
The
Buddhist
text
Majjhima
Nikaya
is
in Books Author
TTA
:
13
Seconds
1 Ashtadhyayi A Bharata
A)
Sanskrit B)
Pali
2 Natyashastra B Varahamihira
C)
Prakrit D)
Telegu
3 Brihat
Jataka C Panini
83.
Hiuen
Tsang
visited
the
court
of
which
among
the
following
rulers? TTA
:
26
Seconds
TTA
:
12
Seconds A)
1(B),
2(C),
3(A) B)
1(B),
2(A),
3(C)
A)
Ashoka B)
Harshavardhana C)
1(C),
2(A),
3(B) D)
1(C),
2(B),
3(A)
C)
Bimbisara D)
Chandragupta
Maurya
94.
In
which
state
is
the
archaeological
site
of
Surkotada
84.
Which
of
the
following
period
is
referred
as
the
Golden situated?
Age
of
Hinduism? TTA
:
12
Seconds
TTA
:
12
Seconds A)
Gujarat B)
Karnataka
A)
Mauryan
period B)
Gupta
period C)
Rajasthan D)
Haryana
C)
Post-Gupta
period D)
Post-Mauryan
period
95.
Which
Bodhisattva
holds
a
thunderbolt
like
god
Indra?
85.
Which
of
the
following
was
a
port
city
of
the
Indus TTA
:
12
Seconds
Valley
Civilization? A)
Manjushri B)
Maitreya
TTA
:
10
Seconds C)
Vajrapani D)
Amitabha
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History

96.
Which
of
the
following
archaeological
sites
has TTA
:
15
Seconds
evidence
of
pit-dwellings? A)
Persia B)
Afghanistan
TTA
:
12
Seconds C)
Oman D)
Mongolia
A)
Burzahom B)
Mehrgarh
109.
Which
of
the
following
sites
was
the
first
to
be
C)
Rana
Ghundai D)
Palavoy
discovered?
97.
What
does
"Triratna"
mean
in
Buddhism? TTA
:
11
Seconds
TTA
:
14
Seconds A)
Mohenjodaro B)
Lothal
A)
Tripitaka B)
Buddha, C)
Harappa D)
Amri
Nal
Dhamma(dharma),
Sangha
110.
Match
the
following
correctly
–
C)
Satya,
Ahimsa,
Karuna D)
Sheel,
Samadhi,
Sangha
A.
Rigveda 1)
musical
hymns
98.
Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
a
Vedanga?
B.
Yajurveda 2)
hymns
and
rituals
TTA
:
12
Seconds
A)
Kalpa B)
Nirukta C.
Samveda 3)
charms
and
spells

C)
Purvamimansa D)
Shiksha D.
Atharvaveda 4)
hymns
and
prayers

99.
Which
one
of
the
following
is
an
ancient
port
of
Indus TTA
:
33
Seconds
Valley
Civilization? A)
A
-
4,
B
-
2,
C
-
1,
D
-
3 B)
A
-
3,
B
-
2,
C
-
4,
D
-
1
TTA
:
11
Seconds C)
A
-
4,
B
-
1,
C
-
2,
D
-
3 D)
A
-
2,
B
-
3,
C
-
2,
D
-
4
A)
Mohenjodaro B)
Kalibangan 111.
Name
the
kingdom
which
first
used
elephants
in
wars?
C)
Harappa D)
Lothal TTA
:
12
Seconds
100.
Who
was
also
called
‘Indian
Machiavelli’? A)
Champa B)
Magadha
TTA
:
12
Seconds C)
Kosala D)
Avanti
A)
Kautilya B)
Visakadatta 112.
Which
of
the
following
was
the
capital
of
Matsya
C)
Megasthenes D)
Chandragupta
Maurya Mahajanpada?
TTA
:
13
Seconds
101.
Who
was
the
24th
Jain
Tirthankara?
A)
Kausambi B)
Indraprastha
TTA
:
10
Seconds
A)
Rishabhdev B)
Mahavira C)
Viratnagar D)
Mathura
C)Parshwanath D)
Sumatinath 113.
Match
the
Mahajanapadas
(List
I)
with
their
Capitals
102.
The
Samkhaya
School
of
Philosophy
was
founded
by (List
II):
________. List
I
(Mahajanapada) List
II
(Capital)
TTA
:
15
Seconds A.
Magadha I.
Kausambi
A)
Patanjali B)
Gautama
B.
Vatsa II.
Rajagriha
C)
Kumarila
Bhatta D)
Kapila
C.
Surasena III.
Rajpura
103.
Who
was
referred
to
as
`Sandrocottus'
in
the
writings
D.
Kamboja IV.
Mathura
of
the
Greeks?
TTA
:
17
Seconds Select
the
code
for
the
correct
answer
from
the
options
A)
Asoka B)
Bindusara given
below:
C)
Chandragupta
Maurya D)
Dhanananda TTA
:
30
Seconds
A)
A
-
II,
B
-
I,
C
-
IV,
D
-
III B)
A
-
II,
B
-
III,
C
-
IV,
D
-
I
104.
Which
of
the
following
books
was
not
written
by
C)
A
-
III,
B
-
II,
C
-
IV,
D
-
I D)
A
-
III,
B
-
II,
C
-
I,
D
-
IV
Harshavardhana
?
TTA
:
28
Seconds 114.
Which
of
the
following
Vedas
contains
treatment
for
A)
Ratnavali B)
Nagananda diseases?
C)
Kadambari D)
Priyadarsika TTA
:
19
Seconds
A)
Yujurved B)
Rigved
105.
Who
is
a
literary
figure
of
Gupta
Age?
C)
Samaved D)
Atharvaved
TTA
:
18
Seconds
A)
Bhairavi B)
Kalidasa 115.
Which
of
the
following
Mahajanapada
is/are
correctly
C)
Harisena D)
All
of
the
above matched
to
its
capital?
1.
Avanti
:
Ujjain
106.
The
Jataka
tales
are
associated
with
which
of
the 2.
Kashi
:
Banaras
following
sects? 3.
Vajji
:
Champa
TTA
:
10
Seconds 4.
Vatsa
:
Kaushambi
A)
Lingayat B)
Shaivism TTA
:
30
Seconds
C)
Jainism D)
Buddhism A)
1,
2
and
3 B)
2,
3
and
4
107.
'Malvika-agnimitram'
was
written
by- C)
1,
2
and
4 D)
1,
3
and
4
TTA
:
10
Seconds 116.
What
was
the
site
located
on
the
banks
of
river
Sabi,
A)
Banbhatt B)
Kabir where
ancient
civilization
in
Rajasthan
was
settled?
C)
Kalidasa D)
Surdas TTA
:
22
Seconds
A)
Gilund B)
Jodhpura
108.
From
which
of
the
following
countries
the
the
C)
Nagari D)
Baror
harappan
people
did
NOT
make
any
trade?
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117.
With
reference
to
the
Hindu
Mythology,
which
of
the A)
Matsya B)
Kuru

following
is
NOT
a
part
of
ten
incarnations
of
Lord
Vishnu? C)
Yadu D)
Puru
TTA
:
18
Seconds
129.
Who
among
the
following
has
compiled
A)
Garuda B)
Kurma
'Raghuvamsham'?
C)
Varaha D)
Matsya
TTA
:
10
Seconds
118.
The
relation
of
'Kotdigi'
civilization
were
with A)
Surdas B)
Kabirdas
TTA
:
16
Seconds C)
Kalidas D)
Tulsidas
A)
Pre
Harappan
Civilization B)
China
Civilization
130.
The
________
period
has
been
described
as
the
'golden
C)
Egyptian
Civilization D)
Sumeriyan
Civilization
age'
of
Indian
history.
119.
Departure
of
Siddhartha
in
"search
of
truth"
is
known TTA
:
10
Seconds
as- A)
Mughal B)
Maratha
TTA
:
17
Seconds C)
Gupta D)
Buddhist
A)
Dharmachakrapravartan B)
Mahabhinishkraman
131.
Sonagiri
is
a
pilgrimage
centre
for
________.
C)
Nirvan D)
Parinirvana
TTA
:
11
Seconds
120.
Kalibangan,
the
Indus
Valley
site,
is
in: A)
Jains B)
Muslims
TTA
:
10
Seconds C)
Buddhists D)
Sikhs
A)
Rajasthan B)
Gujarat
132.
In
whose
reign
did
Hiuen
Tsang
come
to
India?
C)
Madhya
Pradesh D)
Uttar
Pradesh
TTA
:
12
Seconds
121.
Departure
of
Siddhartha
in
"search
of
truth"
is
known A)
Samudragupta B)
Chandragupta
as- Vikramaditya
TTA
:
18
Seconds C)
Harshavardhana D)
Skandagupta
A)
Dharmachakrapravartan B)
Mahabhinishkraman
133.
The
capital
of
Harshavardhana's
Empire
was
C)
Nirvan D)
Parinirvana
__________
in
7th
Century
CE.
122.
In
the
Rig
vedic
period,
Aranyani
is
the
goddess
of TTA
:
13
Seconds
________. A)
Kannauj B)
Thaneswar
TTA
:
15
Seconds C)
Pataliputra D)
Malawa
A)
Forest B)
Earth
134.
Which
of
the
following
places,
the
remains
of
horse
C)
Wind D)
Dawn
bones
have
been
found?
123.
Which
among
the
following
is
the
largest
among
the TTA
:
14
Seconds
four
ancient
civilizations? A)
Surkotada B)
Dholavira
TTA
:
13
Seconds C)
Lothal D)
Mohenjodaro
A)
Mesopotamia B)
China
135.
Which
of
the
following
Rock
Edicts
give
details
about
C)
Egypt D)
Indus
Valley
Civilization
Ashoka's
War
with
Kalinga?
124.
Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
a
UNESCO
World TTA
:
10
Seconds
Heritage
Site? A)
Major
Rock
Edict
13 B)
Pillar
Edict
4
TTA
:
17
Seconds C)
Pillar
Edict
7 D)
Minor
Rock
Edict
1
A)
Champaner-Pavagadh B)
Lothal
Archaeological
Park 136.
The
Tolkappiyam,
a
comprehensive
work
of
the
C)
Bhimbetka
rock
shelters D)
Taj
Mahal Sangam
age,
deals
with
TTA
:
14
Seconds
125.
In
which
of
the
text
mentions
to
divide
Vedic
society A)
Politics
of
the
age B)
Tamil
grammar
into
four
classes? C)
Wars
of
the
period D)
Tax
and
duties
collection
TTA
:
18
Seconds
A)
Purusa
Sukta
of
Rigveda B)
Yajurveda 137.
Who
among
the
following
composed
the
Gayatri
C)
Mundaka
Upanishad D)
Shatapatha
Brahmana Mantra?
TTA
:
12
Seconds
126.
The
first
grammarian
text
of
the
Sanskrit
language
was A)
Goswami
Tulsidas B)
Vishvamitra
written
by
__________. C)
Vasishtha D)
Indra
TTA
:
12
Seconds
A)
Valmiki B)
Kalhana 138.
Which
among
the
following
ancient
travellers
was
C)
Panini D)
Kalidasa contemporary
of
Chandragupta
–
II?
TTA
:
15
Seconds
127.
Which
of
the
following
sites
was
discovered
by
J.
P. A)
Megasthenes B)
Deimachus
Joshi? C)
Fa-hien D)
Xuanzang
TTA
:
17
Seconds
A)
Lothal B)
Chanhudaro 139.
_______
fought
against
King
Han
Ho-ti,
who
was
the
C)
Dholavira D)
Banawali king
of
Han
dynasty
of
China,
and
defeated
him
in
the
second
attempt.
128.
P

 arikshat
and
Janamejaya
were
the
famous
rulers
of TTA
:
20
Seconds
________
kingdom. A)
Kanishka B)
Bindusara
TTA
:
19
Seconds C)
Chandragupta
Maurya D)
Ashoka
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History

140.
Who
was
the
23rd
Tirthankara
of
Jainism? A)
Faxian
(Fa
Hien) B)
Xuanzang
(Hiuen
Tsang)

TTA
:
11
Seconds C)
Megasthenes D)
Strabo
A)
Rishabhanatha B)
Parsvanatha 152.
Bramhasphutasiddhanta
is
a
book
written
by
who
C)
Ajitanatha D)
Mahavira among
the
following?
141.
Which
of
these
kings
achievements
are
recorded
in TTA
:
16
Seconds
Nasik
Inscription? A)
Aryabhatta B)
Bhaskaracharya
TTA
:
14
Seconds C)
Ashwani
Kumar D)
Bramhagupta
A)
Gautamiputra
Satakarni B)
Ashoka 153.
Who
was
the
chief
supervisor
of
the
collection
of
C)
Kharavela D)
None
of
the
above revenue
from
the
whole
kingdom
In
Mauryan
142.
W

 hich
of
the
following
Chinese
Buddhist
travellers administration?
visited
both
kings
Harsha
and
king
Pulakeshin
II? TTA
:
14
Seconds
TTA
:
17
Seconds A)
Antapal B)
Karmantika
A)
Chinese
Buddhist
monk B)
Chinese
pilgrim
I-tsing C)
Sannidhata D)
Samaharta
Hiuen
Tsang
154.
Which
of
the
following
Rulers
founded
the
Nalanda
C)
Both
of
the
above D)
None
of
the
above Mahavihara?
143.
Aihole
Inscription
is
associated
with
which
of
the TTA
:
12
Seconds
following
rulers? A)
Samudragupta B)
Chandragupta
I
TTA
:
14
Seconds C)
Kumargupta D)
Srigupta
A)
Vikramaditya B)
Pulakesin
II
155.
Which
of
the
following
Rivers
is
not
mentioned
in
Rig
C)
Akbar D)
Ashoka Veda?
144.
Who
among
the
following
was
the
founder
of
Kanvas TTA
:
13
Seconds
dynasty? A)
Ganga B)
Yamuna
TTA
:
13
Seconds C)
Saraswati D)
Narmada
A)
Rudradaman
I B)
Simuka
156.
Where
and
when
was
the
2nd
Buddisht
council
held?
C)
Kharvela D)
Vasudeva TTA
:
17
Seconds
145.
According
to
Al-Biruni,
the
temple
of
Thanesar
had A)
Patliputra
in
250
BC, B)
Sri
Lanka
in
the
1st
many
sculptures
of
___________
made
deities. centrury
BC
TTA
:
17
Seconds C)
Vaishali
in
383
BC D)
Mandalya
in
1871
AD
A)
Iron B)
Copper 157.
What
did
the
term
'shalabhoga'
stand
for,
with
respect
C)
Bronze D)
Silver to
revenue
administration
under
the
Imperial
Cholas?
146.
What
is
the
total
number
of
Upanishads
that
are TTA
:
21
Seconds
known
to
historians? A)
Land
donated
to
a
warrior B)
A
newly
settled
village
TTA
:
11
Seconds C)
Land
donated
for
the D)
Land
donated
for
the
A)
11 B)
21 maintenance
of
a
school maintenance
of
irrigation
C)
108 D)
1080 facilities

147.
Which
of
the
following
Indus
valley
site
is
NOT
correctly 158.
Which
of
the
following
Harappan
sites
has
provided
matched
with
its
discoverer? the
evidence
of
a
ploughed
field?
TTA
:
32
Seconds TTA
:
13
Seconds
A)
Lothal:
Shikaripura B)
Kalibangan:
A.Ghosh A)
Harappa B)
Mohenjo
Daro
Ranganatha
Rao C)
Kalibangan D)
Chanhudaro
C)
Chanhudaro:
R.
D.
Banerji D)
Ropar:
Y.D
Sharma 159.
With
reference
to
the
religious
practices
in
India,
the
148.
Vajrayana
School
belongs
to
which
religion? "Sathanakvasi"
sect
belongs
to
TTA
:
13
Seconds TTA
:
22
Seconds
A)
Jainism B)
Buddhism A)
Budddhism B)
Jainism
C)
Hinduism D)
None
of
the
above C)
Vaishnavism D)
Shaivism

149.
One
of
the
prominent
Buddhist
structures
in
India, 160.
With
the
commencement
of
the
7th
century,
who
________
Stupa
at
Sarnath
was
constructed
by
the
great ascended
the
throne
of
Thaneshwar
and
Kannauj?
Mauryan
king,
Ashoka. TTA
:
18
Seconds
TTA
:
14
Seconds A)
Krishnadeva B)
Harshavardhana
A)
Dhauli B)
Dhamekh C)
Rajendra
Chola
I D)
ChandraGupta
II
C)
Bharhut D)
Lalitgiri 161.
Which
of
the
following
Veda
mentions
about
magical
150.
The
capital
of
the
Guptas
was
at
_________. rituals
and
charms?
TTA
:
14
Seconds TTA
:
15
Seconds
A)
Rajgriha B)
Vaishali A)
Samaveda B)
Yajurveda
C)
Pataliputra D)
Kannauj C)
Atharva
Veda D)
Rigveda

151.
Who
came
to
India
during
the
time
of
Chandragupta 162.
Which
of
the
following
sites
of
the
Indus
Valley
Maurya? civilization
is
situated
on
the
bank
of
Luni
river?
TTA
:
12
Seconds TTA
:
18
Seconds
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

A)
Mohenjodaro B)
Harappa 173.
The
‘Kathasaritsagara’
is
written
by:

C)
Dholavira D)
Lothal TTA
:
14
Seconds
A)
Kalidasa B)
Bhasa
163.
What
is
Vishti?
C)
Jayadeva D)
Somadeva
TTA
:
15
Seconds
A)
A
kind
of
god B)
A
kind
of
entertainment 174.
Which
of
the
following
Upanishads
considered
as
the
C)
A
kind
of
forced
labor D)
None
of
the
above oldest?
TTA
:
10
Seconds
164.
Who
among
the
following
defeated
the
Saka
King
A)
Chandogya B)
Mundaka
Nahapana
and
revived
the
Satavahana
power?
C)
Brihadaranayaka D)
None
of
the
above
TTA
:
16
Seconds
A)
Hala B)
Gautamiputra
Satakarni 175.
Who
made
Pataliputra
the
capital
of
Magadha
in
his
C)
Pulumavi-III D)
Simukha reign
and
created
a
small
fort
here?
TTA
:
17
Seconds
165.
Who
among
the
following
had
the
title
of
‘Abla
Baba’
A)
Bimbisara B)
Ajatashatru
(friend
of
the
poor)
of
the
Deccan?
C)
Udayin D)
Kalashoka
TTA
:
17
Seconds
A)
Ali
Adil
Shah
I B)
Mir
Zumla 176.
Who
among
the
following
is
not
associated
with
the
C)
Ibrahim
Adil
Shah
II D)
Ibrahim
Qutb
Shah excavations
of
Harappa
and
Mohan-jo-Daro?
TTA
:
20
Seconds
166.
Which
of
the
following
is
false
as
per
Vedic
theory?
A)
R.D
Banerji B)
K.N.
Dikshit
TTA
:
27
Seconds
C)
M.S.Vats D)
V.A.Smith
A)
The
Kshatriyas,
or
warrior B)
The
Vaishyas,
or
the
rulers,
came
from
Purusha's commoners,
came
from 177.
Which
of
the
following
is/are
the
major
noble
truths
arms Purusha's
thighs under
Buddhism?
C)
The
Brahmans,
or
priests, D)
The
Shudras,
or
labourers 1.
Dukha
came
from
Purusha's
ears and
servants,
came
from 2.
Samudaya
Purusha's
feet 3.
Nirodha
4.
Magga
TTA
:
22
Seconds
167
-
249
Questions A)
Only
1,
2
and
3 B)
Only
2,
3
and
4
LEVEL
3
C)
1,
3
and
4 D)
All
of
the
above
178.
Which
Gupta
ruler
repulsed
Huna
invasion?
167.
Which
among
the
following
is
the
oldest
Brahmana
in
TTA
:
14
Seconds
the
Vedic
Literature? A)
Samudragupta B)
Chandragupta
II
TTA
:
13
Seconds
C)
Skandagupta D)
Kumaragupta
A)
Aitareya B)
Sankhyan
C)
Shatapatha D)
Gopatha 179.
At
which
location
was
a
sculpture
of
a
chariot,
of
the
Harappa
times,
found?
168.
Who
among
the
following
is
known
for
his
work
on
TTA
:
17
Seconds
medicine
during
the
Gupta
period? A)
Lothal B)
Banawali
TTA
:
13
Seconds
C)
Daimabad D)
Kalibangan
A)
Charak B)
Sushruta
C)
Saumilla D)
Panini 180.
Ashoka
appointed
religious
officials,
known
as:
TTA
:
24
Seconds
169.
Allahabad
Pillar
Inscription
gives
a
detailed
account
of
A)
Dhamma-mahamatta B)
Dhammadhiraja
the
reign
of
which
king?
C)
Dhammadhikari D)
Dhammadhyaksha
TTA
:
13
Seconds
A)
Chandragupta
Maurya B)
Kanishka 181.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
symbol
of
Jain
Tirthankara
C)
Samundra
Gupta D)
Ashoka Parshvanatha?
TTA
:
15
Seconds
170.
Which
of
the
following
inscriptions
of
the
Gupta
age
A)
Bull B)
Lotus
do/does
NOT
belong
to
the
Skandagupta?
C)
Snake D)
Lion
TTA
:
17
Seconds
A)
Junagarh
Rock B)
Eran
stone
Pillar 182.
“All
men
are
my
children”,
in
which
of
the
following
C)
Indore
Copper
Plate D)
Bhitari
Pillar inscriptions
Ashoka
made
this
famous
declaration?
TTA
:
16
Seconds
171.
________
is
considered
as
the
oldest
discovered
Indus
A)Separate
Kalinga
Rock B)Lumbini
Pillar
Edict
Valley
Civilization
site. Edict
I
TTA
:
12
Seconds
C)Pillar
Edict
VII D)Minor
Rock
Edict
(Ahraura)
A)
Mohenjo-daro B)
Bhirrana
C)
Allahdino D)
Rakhigarhi 183.
Punch-marked
coins
which
were
found
in
abudance
in
Bihar
were
made
of-
172.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
Rig
vedic
name
of
the TTA
:
13
Seconds
Chenab
river? A)
Gold B)
Silver
TTA
:
14
Seconds
C)
Lead D)
Copper
A)
Askani B)
Purushni
C)
Vitasta D)
Vipasha 184.
Samadhi
Maran
is
related
to
which
philosophy-
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History

TTA
:
13
Seconds TTA
:
14
Seconds
A)
Buddhist
philosophy B)
Jain
philosophy A)
Early
Vedic
Age B)
Later
Vedic
Age
C)
Yoga
philosophy D)
Lokayata
philosophy C)
Pre-historic
period D)
None
of
the
above
185.
The
Chandogya
Brahmana
is
related
to
which
Veda? 196.
Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
correct
about
Later
TTA
:
16
Seconds Vedic
Period?
A)
Rig
Veda B)
Sam
Veda TTA
:
29
Seconds
C)
Yajur
Veda D)
Atharva
Veda A)
Women
gained
significant B)
A
class
of
hereditary
political
privileges
during merchants
namely
vaniya
186.
'Kalchakra'
ceremony
is
associated
with
which
one
of later
Vedic
period came
into
existence
the
following
religions?
C)
Gold
and
Silver
coins
like D)
Child
marriages
were
very
TTA
:
11
Seconds
satamana
and
krishnala
were common.
A)
Jainism B)
Buddhism used
as
media
of
exchange
C)
Sikhism D)
Hinduism
197.
Which
among
the
following
rivers
of
Rig-Vedic
age
was
187.
Who
was
the
first
Gupta
ruler
to
adopt
the
title
of referred
to
as
“Naditarna”
or
the
best
rivers
of
Rig
Veda?
Maharajadhiraja? TTA
:
17
Seconds
TTA
:
13
Seconds A)
Sindhu
river B)
Kumbha
river
A)
Chandragupta
I B)
Chandragupta
II C)
Ganga
river D)
Saraswati
river
C)
Samudragupta D)
Srigupt
198.
The
caste-system
during
early
Vedic
age
prohibited
188.
The
leader
of
a
Jain
gana
was
known
as TTA
:
16
Seconds
TTA
:
15
Seconds A)
Inter
caste
dining B)
Inter
caste
marriages
A)
Ganapati B)
Ganadhar C)
Both D)
None
of
these
C)
Ganaraj D)
Ganak
199.
The
earliest
literary
references
to
iron
in
the
Indian
Sub-
189.
Which
ancient
site
is
the
only
UNESCO
World
Heritage Continent
are
found
in
the
____________.
Site,
present
in
the
Bihar
state
of
India? TTA
:
16
Seconds
TTA
:
23
Seconds A)
Rigveda B)
Samaveda
A)
Tomb
of
Sher
Shah
Suri B)
Ancient
site
of C)
Yajurveda D)
Vinaya
Pitaka
Vikramashila
Monastery
C)
Mahabodhi
Vihar D)
Kumbhrar
Patna 200.
Where
was
the
capital
of
Surasena
Mahajanpada?
TTA
:
13
Seconds
190.
Which
among
the
following
period
of
the
stone
age A)
Viratnagar B)
Taxila
first
witnessed
the
domestication
of
animals? C)
Kashi D)
Mathura
TTA
:
21
Seconds
A)
Paleolithic
Age B)
Chalcolithic
Age 201.
From
which
of
the
following
Indus
Valley
sites
the
C)
Neolithic
Age D)
Mesolithic
Age evidence
for
Double
Burial
has
been
found?
TTA
:
16
Seconds
191.
Which
one
of
the
following
is
a
not
port
city
of
Indus A)
Lothal B)
Kalibangan
valley? C)
Surkotada D)
Mohenjodaro
TTA
:
17
Seconds
A)
Sutkagendor B)
Balakot 202.
Which
of
the
following
woman
scholar
related
to
the
C)
Dholavira D)
Kuntasi. Vedic
age?
TTA
:
10
Seconds
192.
Which
one
of
the
features
is
NOT
true
about A)
Gargi B)
Maitreya
Architecture
of
Indus
Valley
Civilization? C)
Lopamudra D)
All
of
the
above
TTA
:
31
Seconds
A)
Urban
Cities-Remarkable B)
Large
cities
divided
into 203.
Which
one
of
the
following
animals
was
not
town
planning,
and
excellentthree
parts
between
the represented
seals
and
terracotta
art
of
the
Harappan
system
of
drainage
and king's
palace
,
commoner's culture?
sanitation houses
and
mass
gathering TTA
:
17
Seconds
monuments A)
Cow B)
Elephant
C)
Streets-Fine
drainage D)
Building
Materials-No C)
Rhinoceros D)
Tiger
system,
Well-arranged
water stone
built
house
in
the
Indus
204.
As
per
ancient
Indian
philosophy,
the
Purusharthas
or
supply
system cities
the
four
aims
of
life
does
NOT
include:
193.
In
the
Manusmriti
which
form
of
marriage
results
from TTA
:
20
Seconds
the
“Voluntary
union
of
a
maiden
and
her
lover”? A)
kama B)
moksha
TTA
:
17
Seconds C)
artha D)
yasha
A)
Eighth
form B)
Fifth
form
205.
Which
city
of
Bihar
mentions
as
Anguttarapa
in
C)
Seventh
form D)
Sixth
form
Buddhist
text
Majjhima
Nikaya?
194.
Who
among
the
following
started
Videha
Kingdom? TTA
:
20
Seconds
TTA
:
12
Seconds A)
Begusarai B)
Darbhanga
A)
Nimi
Videh B)
Ishkvaku C)
Sasaram D)
Bodh
Gaya
C)
Mithijanak
Videh D)
None
of
the
above
206.
The
Bhagavad
Gita
is
extracted
from
which
parva
of
195.
In
which
period
Rig
Veda
was
composed? Mahabharat?
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

TTA
:
16
Seconds 216.
What
is
the
main
source
of
information
about
Indo-
A)
Bhisma
parva B)
Shanti
parva Greek
rulers?
C)
Saupitka
parva D)
Adi
parva TTA
:
13
Seconds
A)
Travellers
account B)
Coins
207.
The
Vedic
deity
for
Indra
to
end
evils
was
known
as
C)
Buddhist
literature D)
Jain
literature
__________.
TTA
:
18
Seconds 217.
The
Kandariya
Mahadev
Temple
located
at
Khajuraho
A)
Fire B)
Great
Warriors was
built
by
which
of
the
following?
C)
Light
and
Power D)
Wind TTA
:
14
Seconds
A)
Vidhadhar B)
Dhangadev
208.
Which
one
of
the
following
describes
best
the
concept
C)
Vijayapala D)
Jayavarman
of
Nirvana
in
Buddhism?
TTA
:
23
Seconds 218.
In
Jainism,
three
Ratnas
(Triratnas)
are
given
and
they
A)
The
extinction
of
the
flame B)
The
complete
annihilation are
called
the
way
to
Nirvana.
What
are
they?
of
desire of
self TTA
:
24
Seconds
C)
A
state
of
bliss
and
rest D)
A
mental
stage
beyond
all A)
Right
Speech,
Right B)
Right
Faith,
Right
comprehension Knowledge
and
Right Knowledge
and
Right
Conduct. Behaviour.
209.
From
which
of
the
following
sites,
evidence
of
C)
Right
Faith,
Right
Path
and D)
Right
Faith,
Right
fortification
in
the
the
early
Harappan
period
has
been
Right
Conduct. Knowledge
and
Right
found?
Conduct.
TTA
:
18
Seconds
A)
Banawali B)
Roper 219.
During
the
Gupta
Period,
gold
coins
were
called
by
C)
Lothal D)
Amri which
of
the
following
names?
TTA
:
12
Seconds
210.
To
praise
the
gods,
the
part
of
the
Vedic
hymns
is
A)
Rupaka B)
Tanka
called_________.
C)
Drama D)
Dinaras
TTA
:
18
Seconds
A)
Samhitas B)
Vedanta 220.
Which
among
the
following
option
regarding
Hinayana
C)
Brahmanas D)
Sankhya sect
of
Buddhism
is
correct?
TTA
:
27
Seconds
211.
Who
occupied
the
districts
of
Madurai
and
Tinnevelly
A)
This
sect
is
also
known
as B)
They
believe
in
idol
worship
with
portions
of
South
Travancore
after
the
decline
of
the larger
vehicle of
Buddha
Mauryan
Empire?
C)
There
is
no
worship
of D)
Hinayana
scholars
used
TTA
:
23
Seconds
Bodhisattvas
in
Hinayana Prakrit
language
to
interact
A)
Cholas B)
Satavahana sect with
the
masses
C)
Sakas D)
Pandyas
221.
Who
among
the
following
rulers
was
mentioned
as
212.
Which
of
the
following
statements
regarding Sandrocottus?
Satavahana
dyansty
is
NOT
correct? TTA
:
14
Seconds
TTA
:
20
Seconds A)
Ashoka B)
Chandragupta
Maurya
A)
The
founder
of
the B)
They
patronized
Buddhism C)
Bindusara D)
Kunala
Satavahana
dynasty
was and
Brahmanism
Simuka. 222.
Silappadikaram'
is
a
Tamil
epic
that
was
written
by
C)
They
patronized
Kannada D)
They
built
many
chaityas ______.
language
and
literature. and
viharas. TTA
:
11
Seconds
A)
Avvaiyar B)
Thiruvalluar
213.
Match
the
Following:
C)
Sattanar D)
Ilango
Adigal
Kingdom Emblem
223.
Kamandaka’s
Nitisara
is
a
contribution
to:
1 Chola A Fish
TTA
:
19
Seconds
2 Chera B Tiger A)
Logic
and
Philosophy B)
Mathematics
3 Pandayas C Bow
and
arrow C)
Political
morality D)
Grammar
TTA
:
29
Seconds 224.
With
respect
to
Jainism,
which
of
the
following
words
A)
1(B),
2(C),
3(A) B)
1(B),
2(A),
3(C) refers
to
"Achaurya"?
C)
1(C),
2(A),
3(B) D)
1(C),
2(B),
3(A) TTA
:
17
Seconds
A)
Truth B)
Homeless
214.
Who
built
the
Mehrauli
Iron
Pillar
in
his
reign?
C)
Astey D)
Celibacy
TTA
:
10
Seconds
A)
Skandagupta B)
Samudragupta 225.
Which
of
the
following
Vardhana
Kingdom
King
C)
Chandragupta
II D)
Kumaragupta
I conquer
maximum
part
of
Rajasthan?
TTA
:
20
Seconds
215.
Jain
Kirti
Stambh
(Chittorgarh)
is
devoted
to
which
Jain
A)
Yasovardhana B)
Prabhakar
Vardhna
Tirthankara?
C)
Mahasen
Gupta D)
Harshvardhana
TTA
:
15
Seconds
A)
Mahavir
Swami B)
Pasharwanath 226.
Which
of
the
following
temples
is
not
built
by
the
C)
Ajitanath D)
Adinath Chalukyan
empire?
TTA
:
14
Seconds
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

A)
Lad
Khan
Temple B)
Huchimalligudi
Temple 237.
Sandivigraha,
a
high
official
mentioned
in
the
Gupta

C)
The
Jain
Temple
at
Meguti D)
Krishneshwara
Temple inscriptions,
is
used
for
TTA
:
21
Seconds
227.
What
was
Nishka
in
ancient
India?
A)
A
foreign
affairs
minister B)
Provincial
Governor
TTA
:
22
Seconds
C)
Commander
in-chief
of
the D)
None
of
the
above
A)
Gold
coin
of
Maurya B)
Silver
coin
of
Gupta
Army
C)
Gold
coin
of
Kushana D)
Silver
coin
of
Harsha
238.
Which
was
the
capital
of
Kalinga
(Eastern
Province)
228.
Upasakadasah
is
a
text
belongs
to
:
during
Ashoka's
invasion?
TTA
:
16
Seconds
TTA
:
17
Seconds
A)
Shaivism B)
Vaishnavism
A)
Takshshila B)
Pataliputra
C)
Jainism D)
Buddhism
C)
Ujjain D)
Toshali
229.
Which
of
the
following
is
related
to
Buddhist
literacy
239.
Which
one
of
the
following
pairs
of
kings
of
ancient
texts?
and
medieval
periods
of
history
and
the
works
authored
by
1.
Milinda
panha
them
is
correctly
matched?
2.
Abhidharmamoksha
TTA
:
25
Seconds
3.
Uvasaggaharam
Stotra
A)
Krishnadevaraya
- B)
Mahendravaman
-
4.
Mahavamsa
Samaranganasutradhra Mattavilasa
Prahasana
5.
Samayasara
TTA
:
26
Seconds C)
Bhojdeva
-
Manasollasa D)
Someshwara
-
A)
2,
3
and
5
only B)
1,
2
and
4
only Amuktamlyada
C)
1,
3
and
4
only D)
1,
2,
3,
4
and
5 240.
The
Chinese
Buddhist
pilgrims
Xuan
Zang
came
in
the
230.
Which
among
the
following
is
Rigvedic
name
of court
of
TTA
:
16
Seconds
Chenab?
A)
Chandragupta
Maurya B)
Chandragupta
II
TTA
:
15
Seconds
A)
Vitasta B)
Parushni C)
Harshavardhan D)
Samudragupta
C)
Vipas D)
Ashikani 241.
Kalidasa's
Kumarasambhavam'
describes
the
story
of
231.
The
Mehrauli
Iron
Pillar
located
near
the
Qutub
Minar the
birth
of
which
mythological
character?
TTA
:
19
Seconds
belongs
to
the
period
of:
A)
Sanatkumara B)
Kartikeya
TTA
:
17
Seconds
A)
Chandragupta B)
Chandragupta
Maurya C)
Pradyumna D)
Abhimanyu
Vikramaditya 242.
The
ultimate
goal
of
education
in
Jainism
is
C)
Samudragupta D)
Ashoka TTA
:
12
Seconds
232.
In
the
Municipal
administration
of
the
Mauryan
Empire, A)
Charity B)
Pity
and
renunciation
the
term
Sulkadhyaksha
is
associated
with
which
among C)
Liberation D)
Non-violence
the
following? 243.
The
capital
of
Kanva
Dynasty
was
____.
TTA
:
20
Seconds TTA
:
13
Seconds
A)
Superintendent
of B)
Superintendent
of
Market A)
Puhar B)
Rajgir
Commerce
C)
Pataliputra D)
Taxila
(Takshashila)
C)
Collector
of
tolls D)
Superintendent
of
Mines
244.
Name
the
emperor
who
established
Besanagar
as
the
233.
Which
of
the
following
Gods
are
also
known
as capital
of
the
Shunga
dynasty.
Lokapāla
or
the
Guardians
of
the
Universe? TTA
:
20
Seconds
TTA
:
29
Seconds A)
Vasumitra B)
Devabhuti
A)
Yama,
Indra,
Varuna
and B)
Indra,
Varuna,
Skanda
and
C)
Bhagabhadra D)
Pulindaka
Kubera Kubera
C)
Indra,
Varuna,
Yama
and D)
Yama,
Shiva,
Kubera
and 245.
Vedic
civilization
flourished
along
the
river
________.
Brahma Indra TTA
:
11
Seconds
A)
Indus B)
Yamuna
234.
Dhanvantari
was
one
of
the
Navaratnas
(Nine
Gems)
of
C)
Saraswati D)
Ganga
which
ruler
in
India?
TTA
:
15
Seconds 246.
Name
the
Chinese
pilgrim
who
came
to
India
in
5th
A)
Babar B)
Chandragupta
II century
C)
Krishnadevaraya D)
Akbar TTA
:
15
Seconds
A)
I-Tsing B)
Hieun
Tsang
235.
The
first
Jain
assembly
was
organized
at
-
C)
Fa
Hien D)
None
of
the
above
TTA
:
12
Seconds
A)
Patliputra B)
Vaishali 247.
Who
among
the
following
was
the
third
Jain
C)
Rajgrih D)
Vallavi Tirthankara?
TTA
:
16
Seconds
236.
Vinaya
Pitaka
is
a
book
related
to:
A)
Rishabhanatha B)
Ajitnath
TTA
:
12
Seconds
C)
Sambhavnath D)
Sumatinath
A)
Sanskrit
Grammar B)
Preachings
of
Mahavira
C)
Thoughts
of
Zoroaster D)
Rules
of
the
Buddhist 248.
Which
of
the
following
castes
in
the
Indian
society
was
Sangha absent
during
the
Mauryan
period,
according
to
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

Megasthenes? 249.
Which
one
of
the
following
represents
the
fundamental
TTA
:
17
Seconds difference
between
Mahayana
Buddhism
&
Hinayana
A)
Philosopher B)
Slave Buddhism?
C)
Warrior D)
Farmer TTA
:
20
Seconds
A)
Emphasis
on
non-violence B)
Casteless
society
C)
Idol
worship
of
Gods
and D)
Worship
of
Stupa
Goddesses
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Correct Correct Correct Correct Correct Correct Correct

Q. Ans Q. Ans Q. Ans Q. Ans Q. Ans Q. Ans Q. Ans
Skipped Skipped Skipped Skipped Skipped Skipped Skipped
80% 53% 27% 27
% 14
% 95% 1%
1 D 29 C 57 D 85 D 113 A 141 A 169 C
11
% 28
% 20% 16% 58% 1% 17%
33% 2% 91% 17
% 13
% 4% 2%
2 B 30 C 58 C 86 C 114 D 142 A 170 B
7
% 22
% 2% 33% 16% 29% 56%
24% 5% 29% 8
% 2
% 97% 79%
3 D 31 C 59 C 87 B 115 C 143 B 171 B
40
% 62
% 48% 56% 44% 2% 2%
74% 61% 89% 3
% 30
% 34% 65%
4 C 32 B 60 A 88 A 116 B 144 D 172 A
11
% 12
% 1% 36% 23% 26% 15%
13% 23% 26% 20
% 45
% 10% 2%
5 B 33 B 61 A 89 A 117 A 145 C 173 D
35
% 61
% 46% 27% 24% 44% 49%
40% 54% 83% 1
% 51
% 64% 12%
6 A 34 B 62 C 90 D 118 A 146 C 174 C
5
% 42
% 4% 44% 28% 17% 29%
10% 27% 39% 19
% 10
% 15% 8%
7 A 35 D 63 D 91 D 119 B 147 C 175 C
33
% 4
% 7% 10% 19% 44% 12%
56% 87% 64% 12
% 60
% 85% 18%
8 B 36 B 64 A 92 B 120 A 148 B 176 D
16
% 10
% 20% 42% 9% 4% 23%
57% 46% 85% 2
% 2
% 25% 2%
9 B 37 B 65 A 93 C 121 B 149 B 177 D
34
% 12
% 4% 44% 24% 42% 55%
22% 45% 47% 27
% 85
% 9% 2%
10 A 38 C 66 D 94 A 122 A 150 C 178 C
32
% 4
% 15% 44% 7% 13% 33%
43% 46% 78% 2
% 60
% 6% 31%
11 B 39 A 67 C 95 C 123 D 151 C 179 C
33
% 5
% 14% 75% 9% 17% 30%
12% 12% 18% 27
% 53
% 7% 15%
12 C 40 B 68 A 96 A 124 B 152 D 180 A
26
% 32
% 10% 59% 4% 65% 18%
3% 46% 8% 4
% 50
% 11% 1%
13 C 41 C 69 A 97 B 125 A 153 D 181 C
61
% 22
% 14% 8% 6% 71% 18%
4% 9% 22% 5
% 25
% 23% 8%
14 B 42 B 70 D 98 C 126 C 154 C 182 A
43
% 44
% 11% 61% 12% 36% 57%
32% 71% 30% 26
% 79
% 87% 22%
15 C 43 B 71 B 99 D 127 C 155 D 183 B
31
% 5
% 41% 6% 9% 3% 35%
11% 78% 6% 6
% 89
% 9% 3%
16 B 44 C 72 B 100 A 128 B 156 C 184 B
52
% 2
% 23% 38% 9% 35% 38%
6% 54% 14% 38
% 41
% 26% 84%
17 B 45 D 73 D 101 B 129 C 157 C 185 B
50
% 10
% 27% 33% 30% 63% 5%
46% 8% 89% 22
% 58
% 40% 33%
18 B 46 B 74 B 102 D 130 C 158 C 186 B
28
% 72
% 4% 53% 8% 24% 24%
10% 28% 69% 3
% 3
% 79% 5%
19 B 47 D 75 D 103 C 131 A 159 B 187 A
42
% 26
% 2% 36% 43% 6% 12%
70% 88% 9% 3
% 3
% 58% 7%
20 B 48 D 76 B 104 C 132 C 160 B 188 B
5
% 4
% 41% 22% 41% 8% 47%
85% 71% 83% 7
% 30
% 22% 7%
21 D 49 B 77 D 105 D 133 A 161 C 189 C
5
% 5
% 9% 26% 29% 11% 22%
15% 11% 65% 21
% 28
% 12% 9%
22 C 50 D 78 A 106 D 134 A 162 C 190 D
26
% 17
% 20% 16% 26% 28% 23%
15% 9% 35% 19
% 81
% 62% 67%
23 B 51 A 79 C 107 C 135 A 163 C 191 C
18
% 68
% 13% 53% 12% 29% 3%
7% 85% 6% 79
% 10
% 10% 14%
24 D 52 D 80 C 108 D 136 B 164 B 192 B
31
% 6
% 60% 4% 63% 38% 31%
9% 89% 34% 50
% 68
% 4% 39%
25 C 53 A 81 A 109 C 137 B 165 C 193 D
45
% 2
% 21% 20% 14% 83% 34%
39% 84% 28% 14
% 6
% 73% 41%
26 C 54 C 82 B 110 A 138 C 166 C 194 A
30
% 2
% 25% 25% 19% 20% 31%
76% 73% 12% 67
% 46
% 42% 27%
27 A 55 A 83 B 111 B 139 A 167 C 195 A
12
% 8
% 33% 24% 45% 27% 14%
91% 48% 22% 4
% 32
% 3% 12%
28 A 56 C 84 B 112 C 140 B 168 B 196 A
6
% 24
% 12% 36% 7% 11% 37%
 Correct Correct Correct Correct Correct Correct Correct
Q. Ans Q. Ans Q. Ans Q. Ans Q. Ans Q. Ans Q. Ans
Skipped Skipped Skipped Skipped Skipped Skipped Skipped
85% 57%
197 D 225 B
4
% 8
%
4% 51%
198 D 226 D
16
% 36
%
1% 87%
199 C 227 A
54
% 8
%
1% 4%
200 D 228 C
60
% 66
%
58% 4%
201 A 229 B
16
% 63
%
70% 15%
202 D 230 D
14
% 27
%
73% 50%
203 A 231 A
6
% 18
%
38% 8%
204 D 232 C
22
% 64
%
13% 80%
205 A 233 A
8
% 8
%
11% 43%
206 A 234 B
50
% 14
%
42% 1%
207 B 235 A
16
% 27
%
1% 44%
208 A 236 D
31
% 13
%
29% 30%
209 A 237 A
36
% 51
%
69% 84%
210 A 238 D
6
% 1
%
15% 16%
211 D 239 B
40
% 70
%
11% 3%
212 C 240 C
43
% 29
%
8% 5%
213 A 241 B
52
% 60
%
24% 12%
214 C 242 C
31
% 22
%
4% 12%
215 D 243 C
35
% 46
%
79% 14%
216 B 244 C
6
% 26
%
44% 62%
217 B 245 C
13
% 3
%
8% 5%
218 D 246 C
19
% 20
%
34% 43%
219 D 247 C
17
% 36
%
27% 67%
220 C 248 B
19
% 10
%
39% 24%
221 B 249 C
29
% 33
%
25%
222 D
58
%
97%
223 C
2
%
24%
224 C
41
%
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

LEVEL
1 1
-
86
Questions

Sol
1.
Yajur
Veda
–
it
contains
the
mantras
to
be
said
while
performing
a
Yajna
or
sacrificial
ritual.
It
contains
the
hymns
for
worship
rituals.
Sam
Veda
–
It
is
the
Veda
of
melodies
and
chants.
It
contains
world’s
oldest
chants
and
ritual
related
melodies.
Atharva
Veda
–
Contains
magical
formulas
to
cast
away
stress,
anxiety,
and
other
problems.
Though
it
also
contains
non
magical
prescription
for
daily
living.
Rig
Veda
–
Oldest
known
Veda.
It
deals
with
the
topics
like
praise
for
deities,
cosmology,
philosophical
and
speculative
questions.
Krishna
Dvaipāyana,
also
known
as
Bhasa
and
Veda
Bhasa.
He
is
traditionally
known
as
the
author
of
the
Bhasa
Mahabharata.
He
is
also
known
to
be
the
transcriber
of
Vedas
and
Puranas.
Shudhraka
is
best
known
for
a
picaresque
narrative
titled
Dasakumracharita
(the
adventures
of
the
ten
princes).
Shudhraka
Three
Sanskrit
plays
by
him
are
Mrichchhakatika
(The
little
clay
cart),
Vinavasavadatta,
and
a
bhana,
Padmaprabhritaka.

Sol
2.
He
is
famous
as
a
mathematician
and
Mohenjo-Daro
lies
on
the
bank
of
the
Indus
river
in
the
Larkana astronomer.
district
of
Sindh
Province
of
Pakistan. Aryabhata His
works
cover
a
wide
range
of
topics,
such
as
Key
Points extracting
square
roots,
solving
quadratic
equations,
and
predicting
eclipses.
It
was
discovered
by
Mr.
R
D
Banerji
in
1922
and
it
was
designated
as
UNESCO's
World
heritage
site
in
1980.
It
is
among
the
world's
oldest
sites
of
settlements
in Sol
4.
ancient
times
and
it
is
the
largest
site
of
settlement
in
Indus
Valley
Civilisation. The
Sushruta
Samhita
is
an
ancient
Sanskrit
text
on
A
large
Building
with
a
massive
wooden
superstructure medicine
and
surgery.
which
seemed
to
be
Great
Granary(Grain
Storage
Bays) The
Compendium
of
Suśruta
is
considered
as
one
of
the
was
discovered
by
Sir
Mortimer
Wheeler
as
well
as
the basic
texts
of
Ayurveda.
large
public
bath
was
also
discovered
nearby
and
called It
also
considered
as
one
of
the
two
basic
Hindu
texts
on
Great
Bath. medical
domain
survived
from
ancient
civilization
in
India.
Sol
3.
The
correct
answer
is
Kalidasa. Sol
5.
Key
Points The
correct
answer
is
option
2)
i.e.
Beas.
Modern-day
name Rigvedic
Name
Kalidasa
is
one
of
the
greatest
classical
Sanskrit
poets
and
dramatists
of
ancient
India. Chenab Askini
His
writings
reveal
that
he
was
a
pious
Brahmana
of
Ravi Purushni
Ujjain,
and
had
acquired
a
knowledge
of
the
various
branches
of
Brahmanical
learning. Jhelum Vitasta
His
poetic
talent
is
very
well
reflected
in
all
his
works, Beas Vipas
which
are
Malavikagnimitra,
Vikramorvasiya,
Abhijñana-
Sakuntala,
and
poems
like
Raghuvamsa, Sol
6.
Kumarasambhava,
and
Meghaduta.
The
correct
answer
is
Lumbini.
Key
Points
Important
Points
Siddhartha
Gautama,
the
Lord
Buddha,
was
born
in
623
B.C.
in
the
famous
gardens
of
Lumbini,
which
soon
became
a
place
of
pilgrimage.
Among
the
pilgrims
was
the
Indian
emperor
Ashoka,
who
erected
one
of
his
commemorative
pillars
there.

Additional
Information

Buddhism
in
India
Buddhism
started
in
India
over
2,600
years
ago
as
a
way
of
life
that
had
the
potential
of
transforming
a
person.
It
is
one
of
the
important
religions
of
South
and
South-Eastern
Asian
countries.
The
religion
is
based
upon
the
teachings,
life
experiences
of
its
founder
Siddhartha
Gautam.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
He
was
born
into
the
royal
family
of
the
Sakya
clan
who
ruled
from
Kapilvastu,
in
Lumbini
which
is
situated
near
the
Indo-Nepal
Border.
At
the
age
of
29,
Gautama
left
home
and
rejected
his
life
of
riches
and
embraced
a
lifestyle
of
asceticism
or
extreme
self-discipline.
After
49
consecutive
days
of
meditation,
Gautama
attained
Bodhi
(enlightenment)
under
a
pipal
tree
at
Bodhgaya
a
village
in
Bihar.
Buddha
gave
his
first
sermon
in
the
village
of
Sarnath,
near
the
city
of
Benares
in
UP.
This
event
is
known
as
Dharma-Chakra-
Pravartana
(turning
of
the
wheel
of
law).
He
died
at
the
age
of
80
in
483
BCE
at
a
place
called
Kushinagara
a
town
in
UP.
The
event
is
known
as
Mahaparinibban.
Four
noble
truths:
Suffering
(dukkha)
is
the
essence
of
the
world.
Every
suffering
has
a
cause
–
Samudya.
Suffering
could
be
extinguished
–
Nirodha.
It
can
be
achieved
by
following
the
Atthanga
Magga
(Eight-Fold
Path).
Sol
7.
The
correct
answer
is
Megasthenese.
Key
Points
Megasthenes
was
a
Greek
traveller
and
geographer
to
whom
the
subsequent
Greek
writers
were
chiefly
indebted
for
their
accounts
of
India.
The
Hellenistic
king
Seleucus
I
sent
him
as
an
ambassador
to
the
court
of
King
Chandragupta
Maurya
in
India.
His
report
about
the
culture,
history
and
religion
of
India
was
the
basis
of
western
knowledge
about
India. 
Sol
8.
Vedic
religion
was
also
known
as Brahmanism.
It
is
a
form
of
Hinduism
which
revolves
around
ritual
ideologies
and
mythic
vision
presented
by
the
Vedas.
Buddhism
was
founded
by
Siddhartha
Gautama.
Jainism was
founded
by
Mahavira.
Hedonism was
founded
by
Aristippus.
It
is
a
philosophy
which
believes
that
pleasure and
pain
are
the
only
things
that
matter
to
the
physical
wellbeing
of
a
human
being.
Sol
9.
In
1921,
Daya
Ram
Sahni
unearthed
the
civilisation
of
Harappa
in
Montgomery
district
of
Punjab
province
of
British
India.
The
Vedic
name
of
Ravi
river
was
Parushni.
Archaeological
findings
in Harappa
were
Granaries
in
a
row,
Clay
figures
of
Mother
Goddess,
Copper
scale,
Stone
symbols
of
Lingam,
etc.
Sol
10.
The
correct
answer
is Samudragupta.
Chandragupta
I was
succeeded
by
his
son
Samudragupta.
Key
Points
 Samudragupta
(335AD-380
AD):
Samudragupta
was
the
greatest
king
of
the
Gupta
dynasty.
The
most
detailed
and
authentic
record
of
his
reign
is
preserved
in
the
Prayaga
Ancient
History
Prasasti/Allahabad
pillar
inscription,
composed
by
his
court
poet
Harisena.
Samudragupta’s
military
campaigns
justify
the
description
of
him
as
the
Napoleon
of
India
by
V.A.
Smith.
Titles:
Kaviraja,
Param
Bhagavat,
Ashvamedha-
parikrama,
Vikram
Sarva-rajochchhetta
only
Gupta
ruler
had
the
title
of
Sarva-raj-ochchhetta.
Allahabad
pillar
inscriptions
mention
the
title
Dharma
Prachar
Bandhu,
i.e.
he
was
the
upholder
of
Brahmanical
religion.
Sol
11.
The
correct
answer
is
Sudraka.
Key
Points
The
Mricchakatika
(the
clay-cart):
It
is
written
by
Sudraka
(248
A.D.).
It
presents
a
remarkable
social
drama
with
touches
of
grim
reality.
The
characters
are
drawn
from
all
strata
of
society,
which
include
thieves
and
gamblers,
rogues
and
idlers,
courtesans
and
their
associates,
police
constables,
mendicants,
and
politicians.
Sol
12.
The
correct
answer
is
option
3,
i.e.
Vishvamitra.
The
Gayatri
mantra
is
a
prayer
for
spiritual
stimulation
addressed
to
the
Sun.
It
was
created
by
Vishvmitra.
This
mantra
is
taken
from
the
third
Mandala
in
Rig
Veda.
Sol
13.
The
correct
answer
is
Ashoka.
Important
Points 
The
inscription
on
the
pillar
erected
by
the
Mauryan
Emperor
Asoka
in
249
BC
testifies
that
the
Lord
Buddha
was
born
in
623
BC
in
the
sacred
area
of
Lumbini
located
in
the
Terai
plains
of
southern
Nepal.
Lumbini
contains
important
evidence
about
the
nature
of
Buddhist
pilgrimage
centres
from
as
early
as
the
3rd
century
BC.
Lumbini
is
located
in
the
Kapilavastu
district
of
Nepal. Buddha
was
born
in
Lumbini.
Sol
14.
The
correct
answer
is
Al-Biruni.
Key
Points
Abu
Rayhan
al-Biruni
was
an
Iranian
scholar.
He
has
been
variously
called
as
the:-
Founder
of
Indology
Father
of
Comparative
Religion
Father
of
modern
geodesy
The
first
anthropologist
He
wrote
the
book
Kitab-ul-Hind.
Alberuni
(Abu
Raynham
Beruni)
was
a
Persian
scholar
who
came
to
India
with
Mahmud
of
Ghazni
in
1017.
He
commented
on
Indian
sciences,
Hindu
religious
beliefs,
customs,
and
social
organization.
Additional
Information
Al-Masudi's
Book
-
The
Meadows
of
Gold
Sulaiman's
Book
-
Ancient
Accounts
of
India
and
China
Firdausi's
Book
-
Shahnameh
Sol
15.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

The
Vedic
name
of
the
Ravi
river
is Parushini. Sol
20.
Rigveda
mentions
a
group
of
7
rivers
known
as
Sapta- The
correct
answer
is
option-2.
i.e.
The
mound
of
the
dead.
Sindhu.
River
Saraswati
with
five rivers
of
Punjab
makes
up
6
of After
a
year
of
discovery
of
the
of
Harappa,
the
the
7
rivers,
though
the
7th
is
still
not
confirmed. archaeological
site
of
Mohenjo-Daro
was
recognized
in
The
Yamuna
is
also
called
Kalindi which
is a
river
around 1922.
Sundarbans
in
the
Indian
state
of
West
Bengal. Mohenjo-Daro
was
developed
around
3,000
BCE
from
the
prehistoric
Indus
culture
and
it
was
among
the
largest
Sol
16. cities
of
the
ancient
Indus
Valley
Civilization.
The
urban
planning
and
the
unmatched
civil
engineering
Indus
Valley
Civilization
is
the
sole
example
of
the
Proto- made
it
the
most
advanced
and
remarkably
Historical
Phase
in
the
Indian
subcontinent. sophisticated
city
of
its
time.
We
consider
this
phase
as
proto-historical
because Mohenjo-Daro
does
mean
'Mound
of
the
dead'.
The
modern
historians
have
discovered
scripts
of
that
period modern
name
for
the
site
has
been
interpreted
as
"Mound
but
they
have
not
deciphered
it. of
the
Dead
Men"
in
Sindh
interpreted
as
"Mound
of
the
S
No Phase Script Deciphered
or
not Dead
Men"
in
Sindhi.
Indus
Valley
1 Pre
Historical No
Script Not
Deciphered Importance
Site
2 Proto
Historical Scripts
exist Not
Deciphered It
is
the
latest
site
which
is
present
in
3 Historical Scripts
exist Deciphered Gujarat.
It
was
divided
into
3
parts,
unlike
other
Dholavira
sites
which
had
2
parts.
Sol
17. There
exist
a
middle
town
apart
from
The
Correct
Answer
is Panini. the
lower
town.
Key
Points
It
has
an
artificial
Brick
dockyard.
Ashtadhyayi,
Sanskrit
Aṣṭādhyāyī("Eight
Chapters"),
a It
has
evidence
of
the
earliest
Sanskrit
grammar
treatise
written
by
the
Indian Lothal cultivation
of
Rice.
grammarian
Panini
in
the
6th
to
5th
century
BCE.
The It
served
as
a
seaport
for
Indus
Valley
People.
linguistic
standards
for
Classical
Sanskrit
were
set
by
this
work.
The
science
of
phonetics
and
grammar
that
had In
Sindhi
language,
it
means
“mound
developed
in
the
Vedic
religion
was
summed
up
in
4,000 of
the
dead”.
sutras.
His
work
was
divided
into
eight
chapters
by
Panini, It
is
the
largest
of
all
Indus
cities.
Mohenjodaro
each
of
which
is
further
divided
into
four
chapters. The
Great
Bath
is
also
present
here.
Bronze
dancing
girl
and
a
seal
bearing
Sol
18. Pashupati
are
also
found
here.

Nachiketa
is
mentioned
in
the
Kathopanishad. Sol
21.
Kathopanishad
is
the
conversation
between
Yama(
lord
of The
correct
option
is
Option
4,
i.e
four
varnas.
death)
and
Nachiketa(young
12-year-old
boy).
Nachiketa
left
home
in
search
of
the
meaning
of
death In
the
Vedic
period,
the
society
was
divided
into
4
classes
and
beyond. called
Varnas.
The
Upanishads
are
ancient
Sanskrit
texts
that
contain The
four
varnas
are:
Brahmins,
Kshatriyas,
Vaishya,
and
some
of
the
central
philosophical
concepts
and
ideas
of Shudras.
Hinduism,
some
of
which
are
shared
with
religious The
Dharmashastras
mentioned
rules
about
the
ideal
traditions
like
Buddism
and
Jainism. “occupations”
of
varnas.
The
Katha
Upanishad
is
one
of
the
primary
Upanishads Brahmanas
-
supposed
to
study
and
teach
the
Vedas,
which
was
embedded
in
the
last
short
eight
sections
of perform
sacrifices
and
give/receive
gifts.
Katha
school
of
the
Krishna
Yajurveda. Kshatriyas
-
to
engage
in
warfare,
protect
people,
and
administer
justice,
study
the
Vedas,
get
sacrifices
Sol
19. performed,
and
make
gifts.
Vaishyas
-
to
engage
in
agriculture,
pastoralism,
and
The
Vedic
Civilisation
in
India
flourished
along
the
river trade.
Saraswati. Shudras
-
they
were
assigned
with
only
one
thing
i.e
Book
6
of
the
Rigveda
includes
a
hymn
called
the serving
the
three
“higher”
Varnas.
‘Nadistuti
Sukta’,
which
sings
praises
of
the
Saraswati
as
being
“perfect
mother,
unsurpassed
river,
supreme Sol
22.
goddess”. Bimbisara
(558-491
BC):
The
Rig
Veda
mentions
a
mighty,
snow-fed
river
Saraswati
on
whose
banks
the
literature
was
supposed
to Belonged
to
the Haryanaka
dynasty was
the first
ruler
of
be
derived.  Magadha
(543-492
BC)
Mahajanpadas in
the sixth
Considered
sacred
by
devout
Hindus,
it
is
described
as century
BC. 
“surpassing
in
majesty
and
might
of
all
other
rivers,
pure He founded
the
state
of
Magadha by
bringing
together
a
in
her
course
from
the
mountains
to
the
ocean”.  number
of
tribes
and
territories.
The
efforts
to
trace
the
Saraswati
had
initially
been
put
on
fast
track
in
2003.  Sol
23.
A
Saraswati
Heritage
Project
was
launched
by
the
Union The
correct
answer
is
Saraswati.
Ministry
of
Tourism
and
Culture
but
it
was
shelved
in
2005.  Most
of
the
Rigveda
Civilizations
were
situated
near
Saraswati.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
Rivers
Kabul,
Swat,
Khurram,
Gumal,
Indus,
Jhelum,
Chenab,
Ravi,
Beas
and
Sutlej
are
also
mentioned
in
Rigveda.
Praise
in
Nadistuti
sukta
of
Rig
Veda
is
called
hymn
of
praise
of
rivers.
Older
names
of
the
rivers:
Rig-Vedic
Name Modern
Name
Sindhu Indus
Vitasta Jhelum
Askini Chenab
Purushni Ravi
Vipas Beas
Sutudri Sutlej
Sol
24.
The
correct
answer
is
Agni,
Indra,
Soma.
Agni,
Indra,
and
Soma
are
the
correct
group
of
important
gods
of
the
Vedic
period
among
the
options.
Important
Points
The
Sanskrit
word
meaning
of
Agni
is
fire.
Agni
is
the
second
most
important
god
in
the
Vedic
mythology
of
ancient
India.
200
Rigvedic
hymens
are
devoted
to
Agni.
Indra
is
the
king
of
the
gods
in
Vedic
Hindu
mythology.
Indra
was
considered
to
be
the
rain
god.
Indra
is
sometimes
referred
to
as
“the
thousand-
eyed.”
Soma
was
a
plant-producing
potent
drink
which
was
a
fundamental
offering
of
the
Vedic
sacrifices.
The
personified
deity
Soma
was
the
“king
of
plants”.
Additional
Information
Vishnu
is
a
god
that
covered
the
earth
in
three
steps.
Garuda
is
the
bird
and
the
vahana
(mount)
of
the
god
Vishnu.
Yama
is
the
god
of
death.
During
the
Rig
Vedic
period,
the
tribal
society
was
divided
into
three
groups—warriors,
priests,
and
the
people.
The
fourth
division
called
the
Sudras
appeared
towards
the
end
of
the
Rig
Vedic
period
because
it
is
mentioned
for
the
first
time
in
the
tenth
Book
of
the
Rig
Veda,
which
is
the
latest
addition.
There
are
references
to
slaves
who
were
given
as
gifts
to
the
priests
in
the
Rig
Vedic
period.
They
were
mainly
women
slaves
employed
for
domestic
purposes.
It
is
clear
that
in
Rig
Vedic
times
slaves
were
not
used
directly
in
agriculture
or
other
producing
activities.
In
the
age
of
the
Rig
Veda
differentiation
based
on
occupation
was
started
but
this
division
was
not
very
sharp
as
there
are
references
of
various
families
in
which
different
occupations
were
held
within
the
same
family.
During
the
Rig
Vedic
period,
tribal
elements
in
society
were
stronger
and
social
divisions
based
on
the
collection
of
taxes
or
accumulation
of
landed
property
were
absent.
The
society
was
still
tribal
and
largely
egalitarian.
It
clearly
signifies
that
there
was
not
any
evidence
of
feudalism
in
the
Rig
Vedic
period.
Sol
25.
Ancient
History
Sabha denotes
both
the
assembly
early Rig-Vedic
period.
Women
also
attend this
assembly
and
were
called Sabhavati 
RigVeda
speaks
about
the
Sabha as
a dancing
and
gambling
assembly,
along
with
judicial
and
administrative
functions.
While Samiti was
a
folk
assembly
in
which
tribe
people gathered
for tribal
business.
Sol
26.
The Yajur
Veda is
an
ancient
collection
of
Sanskrit
mantras
and
verses,
used
in Hindu
worship
and
rituals.
The
name
was
taken
from
the
Sanskrit
roots,
yajur,
meaning "worship"
or
"sacrifice" and Veda,
meaning
"knowledge".
Yajur
Veda
is
sometimes
translated
as "Knowledge
of
the
Sacrifice".
Sol
27.
Rig
Veda'
is
the
oldest
of
the
Vedas and
in
any
indo-
European
language
one
of
the
oldest
extant
texts.
The
Rig
Veda
is
a
set
of
ancient
Indian
texts
comprising 1028
Sanskrit
Hymns from
the
Vedic
period
and 10,600
verses
devoted
to
the
Rigvedic
deities.
Sol
28.
There
are
total 1028 hymns
in
Rig
Veda.
Rig
Veda
is
the oldest
Veda.
It
is
one
of
the
four
canonical
sacred
texts
of
Hinduism
known
as
the
Vedas.
The
text
is
a
collection
of
1,028
hymns
and
10,600
verses,
organized
into
ten
books
called
mandals.
Sol
29.
The
Upanishads
along
with
Brahamsutra
and
Bhagavad
Gita
are
referred
to
as
Vedanta
or
Departures.
The
Upanishads
are
assumed
to
be
the
last
Source
of
the
Shrutis
in
Hinduism
associated
with
Vedas.
Upanishads
are
considered
to
be
the
important
sources
of
Indian
philosophy
and
it
basically
deals
with
the
knowledge
of
Brahma,
Jiva
and
Jagat.
Sol
30.
Fourth
Buddhist
Council is
segregated
into two
separate councils
held
at
Srilanka
(77
BCE)
and
Kashmir
(127
CE)
under Vattagamani
Abhaya and Kanishka respectively
resulting
in
the
division
of Buddhism
into
Hinayana
(Theravada
Buddhism)
and
Mahayana.
Sol
31.
Harshacharita is
the biography
of
Indian
emperor
Harshavardhana,
who
ruled
North
India
from
606
to
647
CE
and
was
a
ruler
of
the Vardhana
dynasty. It
was
written
by Banabhatta,
who
was
a Sanskrit
writer
of
seventh-century
CE.
Sol
32.
The Konark
Sun
Temple is
a
13th-century
Hindu
temple
dedicated
to
the
Sun
God
Located
in Odisha.
The
temple
is shaped
like
a
giant
chariot,
the
temple
is
known
for
the
exquisite stone
carvings that
cover
the
entire
structure.
Sol
33.
The
correct
answer
is
Raigad.
Key
Points
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
Ashta
Mahasthana
associated
with
the
life
of
the
Buddha
are
:
Lumbini
Bodh
Gaya
Sarnath
Kushinagar
Shravasti
Sankissa
Rajgriha
Vaishali
Gautama
Buddha
was
born
in
the
Lumbini
village
of
Kapilavastu,
Nepal
in
563
B.C,
in
the
Shakya
Kshatriya
clan.


Important
Points
Mahabhiraskramana
or
the
Great
Going
Forth
is
the
event
when
Gautama
Buddha
left
his
home.
Buddha
visited
Vaishali
and
learnt
Sankhya
darshan.
He
went
to
Rajgriha
and
learnt
yoga,
went
to
Uruvela
where
he
attained
enlightenment.
He
went
on
to
Sarnath
where
he
delivered
his
first
sermon
also
called
Dharmachakrapravartana.
He
died
in
483
B.C
near
Kushinara
and
the
event
is
known
as
Mahaparinirvana.
Sol
34.
The
correct
answer
is
Megasthenes.
Indica
is
a
book
on
Mauryan
India.
It
provides
details
about
the
Mauryan
administration
&
military
organization
in
the
Indian
subcontinent.
It
was
written
by
Megasthenes.
Megasthenes
was
the
Greek
ambassador
of
Seleucus
Nikator.
He
visited
India
during
the
reign
of
Chandragupta
Maurya.
The
book
'Indica'
is
now
lost
but
has
been
partially
reconstructed
from
literary
fragments
found
in
later
authors.
Scottish
classical
philologist
John
Watson
McCrindle
published
a
reconstructed
version
of
Indica
in
1887.
Strabo
was
a
Greek
philosopher
who
lived
in
Asia
Minor
during
the
transitional
period
of
the
Roman
Republic
into
the
Roman
Empire.
Geographica
is
a
famous
book
written
by
Strabo.
Pliny
was
an
author
of
Ancient
Rome.
He
is
better
known
as
Pliny
the
Younger
Sol
35.
"Jataks" is
a
sacred book
of
Buddhists.
The
literary
text
called
the Jataka contains
more
than 500
tales
and
constitutes
the
tenth
book
of
the
fifteen
texts written
in
the
ancient
Indic
language
of Pali that
comprise
the Khuddaka
Nikaya of
the Sutta
Pitaka (the
second
of
the
Tripitaka
or
Buddhist
Pali
canon
dealing
with
the
doctrinal
section
of
the
Hinayana,
a
sect
of
Buddhism.
Sol
36.
The
Deopahar
is
an
Archaeological
Site
located
in
Assam.
It
is
a
protected
archeological
park
and
site-museum
under
the
Archaeology
Directorate,
Assam
government.
The
Deopahar
hillock
is
a
part
of
the
reserve
forest
of
Deopani.
The
deopani
forest
is
also
famous
for
the
false
hemp
tree.
The
Deopahar
hillock
belongs
to
7th
century
AD.
Ancient
History
The
capital
of
Assam
is
Dispur.
Sol
37.
GAUTAMA
BUDDHA
He
was
the
founder
of
Buddhism and
his
original
name
was Siddhartha.
He
was
a Kshatriya and
belonged
to Sakya
gana.
He
got
the
title
of
'Buddha'
or
the
'Wise
One'
after
he
attained enlightenment.
After
attaining enlightenment
he
went
to Sarnath and taught
for
the
first
time.
Sol
38.
Harappa was
excavated
by Rai
Bahadur
Daya
Ram
Sahni
in
1921.
It
is
situated
on
the
bank
of
river Ravi
in
the
Montgomery
district
of
Punjab (Pakistan).
Important
Findings
from
the
Harappa
site.
Sandstone
statues
of
Human
anatomy
Granaries
Bullock
carts.
Sol
39.
The
correct
answer
is
option
1,
i.e.
Gujarat.
Lothal
is
a
city
of
the
ancient
Indus
Valley
Civilization
located
in
Gujarat.
It
located
in
the
Bhal
region
of
Gujarat
state
and
discovered
in
1954.
The
Archeological
Survey
of
India
(ASI)
excavated
it
from
13
February
1955
to
19
May
1960.
In
ancient
times,
it
was
a
vital
and
flourishing
trading
hub
with
its
beads
and
gems
trade.
It
has
been
nominated
as
World
Heritage
Site
by
UNESCO.
Sol
40.
Chandragupta
Maurya
founded
the
Maurya
Empire
in
322
BCE
when
he
conquered
the
kingdom
of
Magadha
and
the
northwestern
Macedonian
satrapies.
Maurya
Empire
was
founded
in
322
BCE
by
Chandragupta
Maurya,
who
had
overthrown
the Nanda
Dynasty and
rapidly
expanded
his
power
westward
across
central
and
western
India
in
order
to
take
advantage
of
the
disruptions
of
local
powers
in
the
wake
of
the
withdrawal
by
Alexander
the
Great‘s
armies.
Sol
41.
Patliputra
was
the
capital
of
the
Magadha
Mahajanapada.
Before
Patliputra,
Rajgriha
used
to
be
its
capital.
The
Magadha
kingdom
comprised
of
the
present-day
districts
of
Gaya,
Patna,
and
Shahabad.
Magadha
was
one
of
the
most
powerful
kingdoms
at
that
time.
Mahajanapada Capital
Kosala Sravasti
Anga Champa
Magadha Patliputra
Malla Pawa
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

Sol
42. Place Related
to
Buddha

The Pallava
kings constructed
a
number
of
stone
temples Kushinagar Death
place
(Mahapari
Nirvana)

in
the seventh
and
eighth
centuries for
housing
these Lumbini Birthplace
Gods.
Bodh
The
most
famous
of
them
are
the Seven
Ratha Enlightenment
Gaya
Temples found
at Mahabalipuram,
at
a
distance
of
65
km
from
Chennai. First
sermon
to
five
bramhin
(Dhamma
Chakra
Sarnath
Pravartan)
Sol
43.
The
correct
answer
is
bricks Sol
45.
Option
4
is
correct,
i.e.
Maurya.
The
houses
in
the
cities
of
the
Indus
Valley
Civilisation
were
made
up
of
baked
bricks.
Also,
these
houses
opened Ashoka
the
Great
belonged
to
the
Maurya
Dynasty.
into
small
lanes
or
courtyards. This
dynasty
was
formed
by
Chandragupta
Maurya,
in
The
Indus
Valley
Civilisation
is
one
of
the
first
civilizations the
present-day
Bihar,
after
Defeating
Nanda
dynasty
that
is
known
for
its
urban
planning,
metallurgy, ruler-Dhana
Nanda.
handicraft
techniques,
water
supply
system,
and
drainage
Extra
facts:
system.
The
Indus
Valley
Civilization
was
spread
from
present-day There
are
14
Major
Rock
edicts
scattered
throughout
North-East
Afghanistan
to
Pakistan
and
North-West India
India.
The
civilization
flourished
in
the
river
basins
of
the Each
of
these
edicts
represents
part
of
Ashoka's
policy
of
Ghaggar-Hakra
river
and
the
Indus.
Indus
valley Dhamma
civilization
is
one
of
the
four
oldest
civilizations
in
the They
were
meant
to
teach
Ashoka's
subjects
various
world.
It
is
also
known
as
Harappan
Civilization
and
is philosophical
and
administrative
virtues
like
tolerance,
well-known
for
its
organized
planning
based
on
the
grid non-violence,
and
kingship.
system.
Important
facts
to
be
remembered.
Social
features:- Sol
46.
Indus
valley
civilization
is
the
first
urbanization
in
India. Dhana
Nanda was
the
youngest
of
the
eight
brothers
of
It
has
a
well-planned
drainage
system,
grid the
dynasty's
founder Ugrasena.
pattern,
and
town
planning. He
was
defeated
by
Chandragupta
Maurya,
who
They
have
possessed
equality
in
society. established
the
Mauryan
empire.
Religious
Facts:- Dhana
Nanda
was
the
last
ruler
of
the
Nanda
Matridevi
or
Shakti
is
the
Mother
goddess. dynasty
in
Ancient
India.
Yoni
worship
and
Nature
worship
existed.
They
worshipped
trees
like
Peepal. Sol
47.
They
also
worshipped
Fire
worship
called
Havan
Kund. The
Gayatri
Mantra
is
found
in
the
Rig
Veda
in
verse
Pashupati
Mahadeva
is
known
as
the
lord
of 3.62.10.
Animals. The
Mantra
is
dedicated
to
the
ancient
sun
deity
Savitri.
The
people
of
the
Indus
Valley
Civilization The
Rig
Veda
translates
to
Knowledge
of
Hymns
Of
Praise
worshipped
Animal
worship
like
unicorns
and
ox. and
contains
several
religious
mantras
and
shlokas.
Economic
facts:-
Indus
valley
civilization
is
based
on
agriculture. Name
of
Veda Description
Trade
and
commerce
flourished
in
this
period.
Atharva
Veda Knowledge
of
the
magic
formulas
A
dockyard
has
been
found
at
Lothal.
There
were
export
and
import. Sama
Veda Knowledge
of
the
melodies
Production
of
cotton
was
there. Yajur
Veda Knowledge
of
the
sacrificial
formulas
At
Lothal,
weights
and
measures
of
truth
existed
in
Harappan
culture
was
seen. Sol
48.
The
weights
and
were
usually
cubical
in
shape. The
correct
answer
is four,
eight.
and
were
made
of
limestone,
steatite,
etc Important
Points

Sol
44. The
foundation
of
Buddhism
is
the
four noble
truths
and
The
correct
answer
is
option
3,
i.e.
Bodh
Gaya. the eight-fold
path.
Key
Points The
four
Noble
Truths
are:
The
Truth
of
Suffering
(Dukkha)
Mahabodhi
temple
is
located
in
a
place
called
Bodh
The
Truth
of
the
Cause
of
Suffering
(Samudhya)
Gaya.
The
Truth
of
the
Cessation
of
Suffering
(Nirodha)
It
is
an
ancient
restored
and
rebuilt
Buddhist
temple
in
The
Truth
of
the
Path
Cessation
of
Suffering
Bodh
Gaya.
(Magga)
It
is
believed
that
Buddha
attained
enlightenment
here.
The
eight-fold
path
is
Ashtangika
Marga
- 
This
place
is
having
a
Bodhi
tree
under
which
he
attained
Right
View
or
Right
Understanding
enlightenment
and
it
is
a
major
pilgrimage
site
for
Hindus
Right
Thoughts
and
Buddhists.
Right
Speech
In
2002,
this
temple
became
a
UNESCO
World
Heritage
Right
Conduct
site.
Right
Livelihood
Right
Effort
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
Right
Mindfulness
Right
Meditation
or
Right
Contemplation
Sol
49.
The
correct
answer
is
option
2
i.e.,
Mahabharata
Mahabharata
is
the
biggest
epic
in
the
world.
It
is
one
of
the
two
major
epics
of
ancient
India,
the
other
being
the
Rāmāyaṇa.
The
Bible
appears
in
the
form
of
an
anthology,
a
compilation
of
texts
of
a
variety
of
forms
that
are
all
linked
by
the
belief
that
they
collectively
contain
the
word
of
God.
The
Avesta
is
the
primary
collection
of
religious
texts
of
Zoroastrianism.
The
Quran
is
the
central
religious
text
of
Islam,
which
Muslims
believe
to
be
a
revelation
from
God
(Allah).
Sol
50.
Famous
Greek
ambassador
Megasthenes
come
to Chandragupt
Maury.
Megasthenes
was
a
Greek
ambassador of Seleucus
I
Nicator.
'Indica' is
the
reputed
work
of Megasthenes.
Megasthenes
also
describes
India's
two
major rivers
Sindhu
and
Ganga.
Sol
51.
The
correct
answer
is
Ujjain.
Key
Points
Ashoka's
father
Bindusara
appointed
him
as
the
Governor
of
Ujjain,
which
was
an
important
administrative
and
commercial
centre
in
the
Avanti
province
of
central
India.
As
per
historians,
Ashoka
met
his
future
wife,
Mahadevi
while
en
route
to
Ujjain.
Ashoka's
son
Mahina
was
born
in
Ujjain.
Ashoka
built
Buddhist
stupas
in
Sanchi,
Eran,
Vidisha,
etc.
Additional
Information
Emperor
Ashoka
ruled
almost
all
of
the
Indian
subcontinent
from
268
to
232
BCE.
He
was
the
grandson
of
the
founder
of
the
Mauryan
Dynasty,
Chandragupta
Maurya.
The
empire's
capital
was
Pataliputra(modern-day
Patna).
He
helped
spread
Buddhism
across
Asia.
Sol
52.
The
seals
of
the
Harappan
Civilization
were
mainly square-shaped and
made
from
a
stone
called steatite from
these
seals
we
get
an
idea
of
the
religious
life
of
the
Indus
Valley
Civilisation.
The
chief
male
deity
was Pashupati,
(proto-
Siva) represented
in
seals
as
sitting
in
a
yogic
posture
with
three
faces
and
two
horns.
He
is
surrounded
by four
animals (elephant,
tiger,
rhino,
and
buffalo)
and two
deer appear
on
his
feet.
The Indus
Valley
Civilization was
spread
from
present-day
North-East
Afghanistan
to
Pakistan
and
North-West
India.
Sol
53.
The
correct
answer
is
Lumbini.
The
Lord
Buddha
was
born
in
563
BC
in
the
sacred
area
of
Lumbini
located
in
the
Terai
plains
of
southern
Nepal.
Ancient
History
Key
Points
A
World
Heritage
Site
since
1997,
Lumbini
has
attracted
travelers
and
worshippers
for
centuries.
The
Mahabodhi
Temple
Complex
in
Bodh
Gaya
is
located
in
the
central
part
of
the
state
of
Bihar.
The
first
temple
was
built
by
Emperor
Asoka
in
the
3rd
century
B.C.
Mahabodhi
temple
is
a
UNESCO
world
heritage
site.
Additional
Information
Mahayana
Buddhism:
After
the
death
of
Buddha,
a
group
evolved
who
believed
that
compassion
for
all
humanity
was
an
important
part
of
the
path,
and
that
teaching
is
fully
available
to
all.
Those
who
followed
the
newly
expanded
ideals
called
themselves
Mahayana
meaning
the
big
raft.
In
Mahayana
Buddhism,
all
practicing
Buddhists
are
apprentice
Bodhisattvas.
In
Mahayana
countries,
images
of
the
Buddha
are
set
up
in
the
temples
and
homes
as
an
object
of
worship.
Hinayana
Buddhism:
From
about
100
years
after
the
death
of
the
Buddha,
there
had
been
a
movement
towards
embracing
the
style
of
Buddhism.
The
early
monks
concentrated
on
personal
enlightenment,
seeking
spiritual
answers
for
themselves,
and
teaching
others
the
way
of
enlightenment.
But
the
information
was
severely
limited
to
the
lay
community
as
it
was
assumed
only
minks
could
achieve
Buddhahood.
This
section
came
to
be
known
as
Hinayana
or
also
known
as
Theravada.
Theravada
means
the
way
of
elders.
Milindapanha:
The
Milindapanha,
or
"Milinda's
Questions,"
is
an
important
early
Buddhist
text
that
usually
is
not
included
in
the
Pali
Canon.
Even
so,
the
Milindapanha
is
cherished
because
it
addresses
many
of
Buddhism's
most
difficult
doctrines
with
wit
and
clarity.
The
Milindapanha
presents
a
dialogue
between
King
Menander
I
(Milinda
in
Pali)
and
an
enlightened
Buddhist
monk
named
Nagasena.
Menander-
I
was
an
Indo-Greek
king
thought
to
have
ruled
from
about
160
to
130
BCE.
He
was
a
king
of
Bactria,
an
ancient
kingdom
that
took
in
what
is
now
Turkmenistan,
Afghanistan,
Uzbekistan,
and
Tajikistan,
plus
a
small
part
of
Pakistan.
Sol
54.
Sri
Gupta
was
the
founder
of
the
Gupta
dynasty.
Chandragupta
I
is
widely
known
as
the
founder
of
the
Gupta
era
which
starts
with
his
accession
in
A.D.
320.
Samudragupta
is
considered
to
be
the
greatest
of
the
rulers
of
the
Gupta
dynasty.
Kumaragupta
laid
the
foundation
of
the
Nalanda
University.
Sol
55.
The
correct
answer
is
option
1
i.e.
Rana
Sanga
Key
Points
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
Rana
Sanga
was
the
greatest
ruler
of
Mewar.
He
defeated
the
ruler
of
Malwa
and
annexed
part
of
his
territories.
Rana
Sanga
was
a
grandson
of
Rana
Kumbha.
Bappa
Rawal
established
the
Mewar
Kingdom
in
728
CE.
Maharana
Amar
Singh,
the
Maharana
of
Mewar
(16
March
1559
–
26
January
1620),
was
the
eldest
son
and
successor
of
Maharana
Pratap
of
Mewar.
Sol
56.
The
correct
answer
is
Mundaka.
Key
Points
Satyameva
Jayate
has
originated
from
the
ancient
Mundaka
Upanishads.
Meaning:
Truth
alone
triumphs
This
mantra
has
been
inscribed
below
the
Indian
National
emblem.
It
is
the
national
motto
of
the
Government
of
India
that
was
adopted
on
26
January
1950.
Sol
57.
Kalibangan
is
an
Indus
valley
site
located
in
Hanumangarh
district
of
Rajasthan.
This
site
was
discovered
by
Amalanand
Ghosh.
The
site
derives
its
name
for
the
dense
distribution
of
the
fragments
of
black
bangles
which
were
found
at
the
surface
of
its
mounds.
It
is
located
on
the
bank
of
River
Ghaggar,
in
Rigveda
also
mentioned
as
Saraswati
which
dried
up
by
2000
BC.
Sol
58.
Rakhigarhi is
the
Indus
Valley
site
located
in
Haryana.
Rakhigarhi, Rakhi
Garhi
(Rakhi
Shahpur
+
Rakhi
Khas),
is
a
village
in Hisar
District in
the
state
of Haryana
in
India,
situated
150
kilometres
to
the
northwest
of
Delhi.
It
is
the site
of
a
pre-Indus
Valley
Civilisation settlement
going
back
to
about
6500
BCE.
Sol
59.
Buddhist
architecture
can be
seen
in
forms
of
Stupas,
Chaityas,
and
Viharas.
Chaityas were
constructed
as
places
of
worship
in
Buddhism.
Viharas were
built
for
the
purpose
of
housing the
Buddhist
monks.
They
are
dwelling
places
for
monks.
Sol
60.
The
correct
answer
is
option
1
i.e
Tulsidas.
Key
Points
Ramcharitmanas:
Tulsidas
is
the
author
of
an
epic
Ramcharitmanas
(a
story
of
Lord
Rama)
It
was
written
in
Awadhi
language.
Kalidas:
He
lived
in
the
court
of
Chandra
Gupta
II.
Abhijnana
Shakuntalam,
Meghaduta,
Raghuvamsa
are
the
few
works
written
by
him.
Panini:
He
is
also
considered
as
the
father
of
Indian
linguistics.
He
is
the
author
of
Ashtadhyayi
(Sanskrit
treatise
on
grammar).
Vedvyas:
Ancient
History
He
is
the
author
of
the
great
epic
Mahabharata,
Vedas,
and
Puranas.
Sol
61.
The
correct
answer
is
Tamil.
Key
Points
Tolkappiyam
was
written
by
Tolkappiyar
in
Tamil.
It
is
a
work
on
Tamil
Grammar.
It
also
gives
an
idea
of
the
Political
and
Social
scenario
at
that
time.
The
Tamil
language
was
used
in
the
Sangam
Literature.
Important
works
in
the
Sanskrit
language
are
Vedas,
Panchtantra,
Rajatrangini,
and
Priyadarsika.
Sol
62.
Banabhatta
is
the
writer
of
the
book
Harshacharitra.
Harshacharitra
is
the
biography
of
King
Harsha
Vardhan.
Banabhatta
is
a
court
poet
of
King
Harsha.
He
was
one
of
the
great
patronages
of
Sanskrit
Literature.
Banabhatta
was
the
writer
of
the
world’s
earliest
novel
Kadambari.
Sol
63.
Sri
Lanka:
The
first
country
in
which
Buddhism
was
propagated
outside
India
is
Sri
Lanka.
Ashoka
after
adopting
Buddhism
after
the
Kalinga
war
propagated
Buddhism
throughout
his
kingdom.
Ashoka
Buddhist
missions
were
headed
by
his
son
Mahindra,
who travelled to
Sri
Lanka
along
with
other
monks. 
Sol
64.
Pushyamitra
Shunga
founded
the
Shunga
dynasty.
Shunga
was
the
commander-in-chief
of
the
last
Maurya
emperor, Brihadratha
Maurya.
The
capital
of
the
dynasty
was
Pataliputra
in
Bihar.
Later,
it
was
shifted
to
Vidisha
in
Madhya
Pradesh.
Sol
65.
Valmiki
is
recognised
as
the
author
of
the
Sanskrit
Ramayana.
Ramayana consists
of 24,000
shlokas
and
seven
cantos
(kaṇḍas).
The
epic
Ramayana,
dated
variously
from 5th
century
BCE to
first
century
BCE.
Valmiki
was
a
Sanskrit
poet
and
celebrated
as Adi
Kavi
Sol
66.

 he
last
king
of
the
Maurya
dynasty
was Brihadratha.
T
The
last
Mauryan
ruler,
Brihadratha,
was
assassinated
in 185
BC by
his
commander-in-chief, Pushyamitra
Sunga.
Sunga
Dynasty
was
established
by
Pushyamitra
Sunga.
Pushyamitra
was
succeeded
by
his
son Agnimitra,
the
hero
of
Kalidasa’s
drama Malavikagnimitra.
Sol
67.
Fortified
citadel
and
town
planning
were
two
common
features
in
Harappan
city because
according
to
city
planning,
the
city
was
divided
into
upper
city
and
lower
city.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
The citadel
was
built
on
a
raised
platform while
the lower
town
was
located
on
the
lower
part
of
the
town.
The lower
town
was
larger
than
the
citadel.
Sol
68.
The
Correct
Answer
is
Buddha,
Dhamma,
Sangha.
Buddhism:
Founded
by
Siddhartha
Gautam.
He
was
born
in
Lumbini
near
Nepal
in
563
BC.
After
49
days
of
meditation
under
a
pipal
tree,
Gautama
attained
Bodhi
(enlightenment)
at
Bodhgaya
in
Bihar.
Buddha
gave
his
first
sermon
at
Sarnath,
UP
and
the
event
is
known
as
Dharma-Chakra-
Pravartana.
He
followed
'Madhyam
Marg'
or
the
middle
path
He
died
at
Kushinagar,
UP
and
the
event
is
known
as
Mahaparinibban.
The
Tri
Ratnas
of
Buddhism
are:
Buddha,
Dhamma
(teachings
of
Buddha)
and
Sangha
(who
follow
Buddhism).
Additional
Information
Mahayana
Buddhism:
After
the
death
of
Buddha,
a
group
evolved
who
believed
that
compassion
for
all
humanity
was
an
important
part
of
the
path,
and
that
teaching
is
fully
available
to
all.
Those
who
followed
the
newly
expanded
ideals
called
themselves
Mahayana
meaning
the
big
raft.
In
Mahayana
Buddhism,
all
practicing
Buddhists
are
apprentice
Bodhisattvas.
In
Mahayana
countries,
images
of
the
Buddha
are
set
up
in
the
temples
and
homes
as
an
object
of
worship.
Hinayana
Buddhism:
From
about
100
years
after
the
death
of
the
Buddha,
there
had
been
a
movement
towards
embracing
the
style
of
Buddhism.
The
early
monks
concentrated
on
personal
enlightenment,
seeking
spiritual
answers
for
themselves,
and
teaching
others
the
way
of
enlightenment.
But
the
information
was
severely
limited
to
the
lay
community
as
it
was
assumed
only
minks
could
achieve
Buddhahood.
This
section
came
to
be
known
as
Hinayana
or
also
known
as
Theravada.
Theravada
means
the
way
of
elders.
Milindapanha:
The
Milindapanha,
or
"Milinda's
Questions,"
is
an
important
early
Buddhist
text
that
usually
is
not
included
in
the
Pali
Canon.
Even
so,
the
Milindapanha
is
cherished
because
it
addresses
many
of
Buddhism's
most
difficult
doctrines
with
wit
and
clarity.
The
Milindapanha
presents
a
dialogue
between
King
Menander
I
(Milinda
in
Pali)
and
an
enlightened
Buddhist
monk
named
Nagasena.
Menander-
I
was
an
Indo-Greek
king
thought
to
have
ruled
from
about
160
to
130
BCE.
He
was
a
king
of
Bactria,
an
ancient
kingdom
that
took
in
what
is
now
Turkmenistan,
Afghanistan,
Uzbekistan,
and
Tajikistan,
plus
a
small
part
of
Pakistan.
Ancient
History
Sol
69.
Mauryan
empire
lasted
from
about
321
to
185
BCE.
Pataliputra was
the
capital
of
the
Mauryan
empire. There
were
five
major
political
centres
in
the Mauryan
empire
including
the
capital
Pataliputra
and
the
provincial
centres
of Taxila,
Ujjayini,
Tosali,
and
Suvarnagiri.
Sol
70.
The
correct
answer
is Samundragupta.
Chandragupta's selection
of Samundragupta
proved
to
be
the
biggest
single
factor
in
the
interest
of
the
Gupta
dynasty.
The
Allahabad
Piller
Inscription
(Prayaga
Prasasti)
written
by
his
court
poet
Harisena
gives
a
detailed
account
of
the
conquests
of
Samundragupta.
Through
his
military
campaigns,
Samundragupta
re-
established
the
political
unity
in
India
to
a
large
extent.
Owing
to
his
military
conquests,
Dr
V.A.
Smith
has
called
Samudragupta
as the
Napoleon
of
India.
Key
Points
Samudragupta:
His
territories
extended
from
the
Himalayas
in
the
north
to
the
river
Narmada
in
the
south
and
from
the
Brahmaputra
River
in
the
east
to
the
Yamuna
River
in
the
west.

He
started
minting
seven
different
types
of
coins
-
Standard
Type,
the
Archer
Type,
the
Battle
Axe
Type,
the
Ashvamedha
Type,
the
Tiger
Slayer
Type,
the
King,
and
Queen
Type,
and
the
Lyricist
Type.
The
Gupta
king
had
the
monetary
system
fairly
sorted
in
his
kingdom.
He
was
on
friendly
terms
with
neighbouring
kings.
He
permitted
the
king
of
Ceylon
to
build
a
Buddhist
monastery
at
Bodh-Gaya
for
the
convenience
of
the
Buddhist
monks.
Sol
71.
The
correct
answer
is
Harshvardhana.
Key
Points
Chinese
traveler
Huien
Tsang
visited
India
during
the
reign
of
Harshvardhana.
Additional
Information
Chinese
Traveler
visited
India
Fa-Hien
405
A.D.
–
411
A.D.
He
was
a
Chinese
Buddhist
monk.
He
visited
India
during
the
reign
of
Vikramaditya
(Chandragupta
II).
He
is
known
for
his
visit
to
Lumbini.
His
voyage
is
described
in
his
travelogue
“Record
of
Buddhist
Kingdoms”.
Huien
Tsang
630
A.D.
–
645
A.D.
He
was
a
Chinese
traveler.
He
visited
India
during
the
supremacy
of
Harsha
Vardhana.
Si-yu-ki
or
‘The
Records
of
the
Western
World’
was
written
by
him.
Sol
72.
The
correct
option
is
2
i.e
Buddha
Gautam
Buddha
was
born
as
Siddhartha
Gautam
in
Kapilvastu,
Nepal
around
the
563
B.C.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
He
is
also
known
as
the
'Light
of
Asia'
and
the
'The
Enlightened
one'.
Buddha
attained
nirvana
at
Uruvella,
Bodh
Gaya.
He
gave
his
first
sermon
at
Sarnath.
He
gave
Ashtangika
Marg
or
the
Eight
Fold
Path.
Additional
Information
Mahayana
Buddhism:
After
the
death
of
Buddha,
a
group
evolved
who
believed
that
compassion
for
all
humanity
was
an
important
part
of
the
path,
and
that
teaching
is
fully
available
to
all.
Those
who
followed
the
newly
expanded
ideals
called
themselves
Mahayana
meaning
the
big
raft.
In
Mahayana
Buddhism,
all
practicing
Buddhists
are
apprentice
Bodhisattvas.
In
Mahayana
countries,
images
of
the
Buddha
are
set
up
in
the
temples
and
homes
as
an
object
of
worship.
Hinayana
Buddhism:
From
about
100
years
after
the
death
of
the
Buddha,
there
had
been
a
movement
towards
embracing
the
style
of
Buddhism.
The
early
monks
concentrated
on
personal
enlightenment,
seeking
spiritual
answers
for
themselves,
and
teaching
others
the
way
of
enlightenment.
But
the
information
was
severely
limited
to
the
lay
community
as
it
was
assumed
only
minks
could
achieve
Buddhahood.
This
section
came
to
be
known
as
Hinayana
or
also
known
as
Theravada.
Theravada
means
the
way
of
elders.
Milindapanha:
The
Milindapanha,
or
"Milinda's
Questions,"
is
an
important
early
Buddhist
text
that
usually
is
not
included
in
the
Pali
Canon.
Even
so,
the
Milindapanha
is
cherished
because
it
addresses
many
of
Buddhism's
most
difficult
doctrines
with
wit
and
clarity.
The
Milindapanha
presents
a
dialogue
between
King
Menander
I
(Milinda
in
Pali)
and
an
enlightened
Buddhist
monk
named
Nagasena.
Menander-
I
was
an
Indo-Greek
king
thought
to
have
ruled
from
about
160
to
130
BCE.
He
was
a
king
of
Bactria,
an
ancient
kingdom
that
took
in
what
is
now
Turkmenistan,
Afghanistan,
Uzbekistan,
and
Tajikistan,
plus
a
small
part
of
Pakistan.
Sol
73.
The
Correct
Answer
is
Panini.
Kalidas:
He
lived
in
the
court
of
Chandra
Gupta
II.
Abhigyaan
Shakuntalam
and
Meghdootam,
Raghuvamsa
are
the
few
works
written
by
him.
Panini:
He
is
also
considered
the
father
of
Indian
linguistics.
He
is
the
author
of
Ashtadhyayi
(Sanskrit
treatise
on
grammar).
Vedvyas:
He
is
the
author
of
the
great
epic
Mahabharata,
Vedas,
and
Puranas.
Chanakya:
Ancient
History
He
is
traditionally
known
as
Kauṭilya
or
Vishnugupta.
He
was
prime
minister
under
the
reign
of
Chandragupta
Maurya.
Arthasasthra
is
an
ancient
Sanskrit
book,
written
by
Chanakya.
Sol
74.
Dibrugarh
is
not
an
important
site
of
Indus
Valley
Civilisation.
Lothal
was
one
of
the
southernmost
city
of
Indus
Valley
Civilisation.
It
has
the
world's
oldest
known
ports.
Mohenjodaro
and
Harappa
was
one
of
the
largest
settlements
of
the
Indus
Valley
civilisation
and
one
of
the
world’s
earliest
major
cities.
They
were
known
for
their
impressive
and
organised
layout.
Sol
75.
The
Correct
Answer
is
Chandragupta.
With
the
help
of
Chanakya
(Vishnugupta/
Kautilya),
Chandragupta
Maurya
defeated
Dhana
Nanda
(322
BCE)
and
founded
the
Mauryan
Dynasty.
Chanakya
encouraged
Chandragupta
Maurya
and
his
army
to
take
over
the
throne
of
Magadha.
His
vast
empire
included
Bihar,
Bengal,
Deccan
(except
modern
Kerala,
Tamilnadu,
and
parts
of
Northeast
India),
Eastern
Afghanistan,
Baluchistan,
and
the
area
west
of
the
Indus
river.
bindusara
Chandragupta
was
succeeded
by
his
son
Bindusara.
Bindusara
ruled
for
approximately
25-26
years
and
his
succession
was
disputed
which
ultimately
gave
India
a
great
king
called
Asoka.
Ashoka
Asoka
was
the
third
and
the
greatest
of
the
Mauryan
rulers.
Ashoka
is
referred
to
as
Ashokavardhana.
Kunala
Kunala
was
the
son
of
Emperor
Ashoka
and
Queen
Padmavati
and
the
presumptive
heir
to
Ashoka.
Sol
76.
The
correct
answer
is
Hiuen-Tsang.
Hiuen-Tsang
wrote
the
book
‘Shi-Yu-Ki’
after
visiting
Harshavardhana
court.
Si-yu-ki
means
"Record
of
the
Western
Countries".
Hiuen
Tsang
visited
India
during
the
period
of
emperor
Harsha.
Hiuen
Tsang
remained
at
the
University
of
Nalanda
for
five
years.
Hiuen
Tsang
had
been
a
guest
to
Bhaskara
Varman,
ruler
of
Kamarupa.
Hiuen
Tsang
described
Kannauj
as
a
beautiful
city.
Pu
Songling
was
a
Qing
dynasty
Chinese
writer.
Pu
Songling
was
the
author
of
Strange
Stories.
Banabhatta:
Banabhatta
was
the
Asthana
Kavi
in
the
court
of
King
Harsha
Vardhana.
Kadambari
is
the
work
of
Banabhatta.
The
"Harshacharita"
was
also
written
by
Banabhatta.
Sol
77.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
Port
town
of
lothal
was
one
of
the
southernmost
city
of
the
harappan
civilization,
Located
in
the
modern
state
of
Gujarat.
It
was
discovered
in
1954
and
excavation
was
done
by
the
Archaeological
Survey
of
India(ASI)
from
1955
to
1960.
According
to
ASI,
lothal
had
world's
oldest
known
docks.
Sol
78.
The
first
Tirthankara
was Rishabnatha
or Rishabhadev.

He
was
considered
the
founder
of
Jainism.
Vardhamana
Mahavira,
the 24th Tirthankara,
was
born
in
540
B.C.
in
Kundagrama village
near Vaishali.
He
belonged
to the
Jnatrika
clan.
He
was
considered
the
last
Tirthankara.
Sol
79.
Kanishka
belonged
to
the
Kushan
dynasty.
The
kushan
dynasty
was
founded
by
Kujūla
Kadphises.
Kanishka
ruled
around
the
1st
century
CE
and
was
the
greatest
king
of
the
Kushan
dynasty.
At
the
time
of
Kanishka,
kushan
rule
was
spread
over
the
northern
part
of
the
Indian
subcontinent,
Afghanistan,
and
possibly
areas
of
Central
Asia
north
of
the
Kashmir
region.
He
is
also
remembered
as
a
great
patron
of
Buddhism.
He
studied
Buddhism
under
the
Buddhist
poet
Ashvaghosha.
The
Fourth
Buddhist
Council
was
also
convened
under
his
patronage
in
Kashmir.
That
council
compiled
The
Great
Commentary
on
Abhidharma.
Sol
80.
The
correct
answer
is
Kannauj.
King
Harshvardhan
established
a
large
centre
of
knowledge
which
was
called
'Bhadra-Vihar'
at
Kannauj.
King
Harshvardhan
who
ruled
from
AD
606-647
was
the
younger
son
of
Prabhakarvardhana.
Important
Points
Kannauj
was
the
capital
of
Harshavardhana's
kingdom
which
was
shifted
by
him
from
Thaneshwar.
King
Harshvardhan
was
one
of
the
greatest
kings
of
the
Indian
subcontinent.


Additional
Information
The
extensive
information
regarding
Harshavardhana's
reign
is
provided
by
the
Harsha
Charita
of
Banabhatta.
Chinese
traveller,
Hiuen
Tsang,
described
that
Harsha
conquered
the
entire
country
within
the
first
six
years
of
his
reign
but
he
did
not
occupy
even
North
India
completely
nor
his
wars
and
conquests
were
limited
to
the
first
six
years
of
his
reign.
Sol
81.
The
correct
answer
is
Ashoka
Maurya.
Ashoka
Maurya
was
known
as
'Devanampriya
Priyadarshi'.
Asoka
himself
assumed
the
title
"Devanampiya
Priyadarshi".
Important
Points
Ancient
History
"Devanampriya"
refers
to
the
'beloved
to
the
gods'
and
"Priyadarshi"
refers
to
the
one
who
regards
everyone
amiably.
Additional
Information
The
Maurya
Empire
was
founded
by
Chandragupta
Maurya.
Chandragupta
Maurya
overthrew
the
Nanda
Empire.
Bindusara
was
the
son
of
Chandragupta
Maurya.
Bindusara
was
succeeded
by
Ashoka.
Sol
82.
The
correct
answer
is
Pali.
Key
Points
The
Buddhist
scripture,
Majjhima
Nikaya,
composed
between
the
3rd
century
BCE
-
2nd
century
CE,
meaning
"Collection
of
Middle-length
Discourses",
is
the
second
of
the
five
Nikayas,
or
collections,
in
the
Sutta
Pitaka,
which
is
one
of
the
“three
baskets”
that
compose
the
Pali
Tipitaka
of
Theravada
Buddhism.
Additional
Information
Mahayana
Buddhism:
After
the
death
of
Buddha,
a
group
evolved
who
believed
that
compassion
for
all
humanity
was
an
important
part
of
the
path,
and
that
teaching
is
fully
available
to
all.
Those
who
followed
the
newly
expanded
ideals
called
themselves
Mahayana
meaning
the
big
raft.
In
Mahayana
Buddhism,
all
practicing
Buddhists
are
apprentice
Bodhisattvas.
In
Mahayana
countries,
images
of
the
Buddha
are
set
up
in
the
temples
and
homes
as
an
object
of
worship.
Hinayana
Buddhism:
From
about
100
years
after
the
death
of
the
Buddha,
there
had
been
a
movement
towards
embracing
the
style
of
Buddhism.
The
early
monks
concentrated
on
personal
enlightenment,
seeking
spiritual
answers
for
themselves,
and
teaching
others
the
way
of
enlightenment.
But
the
information
was
severely
limited
to
the
lay
community
as
it
was
assumed
only
minks
could
achieve
Buddhahood.
This
section
came
to
be
known
as
Hinayana
or
also
known
as
Theravada.
Theravada
means
the
way
of
elders.
Milindapanha:
The
Milindapanha,
or
"Milinda's
Questions,"
is
an
important
early
Buddhist
text
that
usually
is
not
included
in
the
Pali
Canon.
Even
so,
the
Milindapanha
is
cherished
because
it
addresses
many
of
Buddhism's
most
difficult
doctrines
with
wit
and
clarity.
The
Milindapanha
presents
a
dialogue
between
King
Menander
I
(Milinda
in
Pali)
and
an
enlightened
Buddhist
monk
named
Nagasena.
Menander-
I
was
an
Indo-Greek
king
thought
to
have
ruled
from
about
160
to
130
BCE.
He
was
a
king
of
Bactria,
an
ancient
kingdom
that
took
in
what
is
now
Turkmenistan,
Afghanistan,
Uzbekistan,
and
Tajikistan,
plus
a
small
part
of
Pakistan.
Sol
83.
The
correct
answer
is
Harsavardhana.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
Hiuen
Tsang,
the
Chinese
pilgrim,
visited
India
during
the
reign
of
Harshavardhana
with
an
aim
of
securing
authentic
Buddhist
scripts.
So,
option
2
is
correct.
Key
Points
The
Kannauj
assembly
(643
AD)
was
held
in
honor
of
Hiuen
Tsang
and
to
popularise
the
Mahayana
sect
of
Buddhism.
He
stayed
in
India
for
about
fifteen
years
and
recorded
his
experience
in
his
book
titled
“Si-Yu-Ki”.
The
book
throws
lights
on
the
religion,
customs,
traditions,
etc.
of
the
country.
He
has
been
described
as
the
"prince
of
pilgrims”
and
his
accounts
carry
a
lot
of
information
on
the
political,
social,
and
religious
set
up
of
India.
Hiuen
Tsang
visited
Kashmir,
Punjab,
and
proceeded
to
Kapilavastu,
Bodh-Gaya,
Sarnath,
and
Kushinagar.
He
studied
at
the
University
of
Nalanda
and
travelled
through
the
Deccan,
Orissa,
and
Bengal.
Since
he
stayed
in
India
for
14
long
years,
his
accounts
reflect
what
ancient
India
must
have
been
once.
Sol
84.
Gupta
period.
It
was
from
the
period
of AD
275
to
AD
550.
The
fall
of
the
Mauryan
empire
towards
the
middle
of
the AD
3rd
century led
to
the
establishment
of
the
Gupta
empire.
This
period
is
generally
referred
to
as the
Golden
Age
of
Hinduism.
Sri
Gupta was
the
founder
and Skandagupta was
the
last
ruler
of
this
empire.
Sol
85.
Lothal
is
a
port
city
in
Gujarat,
located
on
the
banks
of
the
Bhogava
River,
a
right
tributary
of
the
Sabarmati
River.
It
had
the
earliest
known
dock
in
the
world,
used
mainly
for
trade
purposes
in
the
Indus
Valley
Civilization.
Lothal
is
situated
in
the
Ahmedabad
District
in
modern
Gujarat.
It
is
considered
a
port
town
according
to
the
Archaeological
Survey
of
India.
Sol
86.
Chandragupta
Maurya,
supported
by
a
wise
man
named Chanakya overthrew
the Nandas and
established
the
rule
of Maurya
Dynasty
in
321
BCE.
Chanakya,
who
is
known
as
Kautilya
is
traditionally
believed
to
be
the
minister
of
Chandragupta.
Many
of
Chanakya’s
ideas
were
written
down
in
a
book
called
the Arthashastra written
in
Sankrit.
LEVEL
2 87
-
166
Questions
Sol
87.
The
correct
answer
is
Varahamihira.
Key
Points
Varahamihira
wrote
the
Brihat
samhita.
It
is
an
important encyclopedic
text
in
Sanskrit.
This
text
exists
in
many
Indian
scripts
and
is preserved
in
Hindu,
Jain
and
Buddhist
temples
and
monasteries.
Ancient
History
The
book
covers divination
and also
includes
a
wide
range
of
subjects
including
astronomy,
planetary
movements,
eclipses,
rainfall,
architecture,
growth
of
crops,
manufacture
of
perfume,
matrimony,
domestic
relations,
gems,
pearls,
and
rituals.
The
volume
expounds
on
gemstone
evaluation
criterion
found
in
the
Garuda
Purana and
elaborates
on
the
sacred
Nine
Pearls
from
the
same
text.
It
contains
106
chapters
and
is
known
as
the
"great
compilation".
Sol
88.
The
correct
answer
is
Buddhism.
Buddhism:
The
origin
of
Buddhism
is
attached
to
the
story
of
Siddhartha
who
came
to
be
known
as
Buddha.
At
the
age
of
35
on
the
same
day
of
his
birth,
he
attained
enlightenment
(Nirvana)
under
the
pipal
tree
and
became
the
Buddha,
the
Enlightened
One.
After
attaining
Nirvana
in
Bodh
Gaya,
he
gave
his
first
sermon
to
his
five
companions
at
the
Deer
Park
in
Sarnath
near
Varanasi.
Manjusri
in
Ajanta
Painting,
one
of
three
protective
deities
around
Buddha
is
also
depicted
in
Ajanta
Caves.
He
is
associated
with
the
Wisdom
of
Buddha
and
is
a
male
Bodhisattva
with
a
wielding
sword
in
his
hand.
Ajivikas:
The
school
was
founded
by
Makkhali
Gosala
in
the
5th
century
BC.
The
school
revolves
around
the
Niyati
(Fate)
doctrine
of
absolute
determinism.
It
believes
that
there
is
no
free
will
and
whatever
has
happened,
is
happening
or
will
happen
is
entirely
pre-ordained
or
pre-decided
and
is
based
on
cosmic
principles.
Hence
there
was
no
use
of
Karma.
It
is
based
on
the
theory
of
atoms.
Jainism:
Rishabhadeva
was
the
founder
of
Jainism.
He
was
the
first
Tirthankara.
He
would
achieve
the
goal
of
spirituality
and
teach
others
the
right
way
to
get
moksha
or
liberation.
Sol
89.
Mohanjodaro
was
excavated
in
1922
in
Larkana
district
on
the
banks
of
Indus.
It
was
excavated
by
a
team
led
by
R.D.
Banerjee.
Dhanushkodi
is
believed
to
be
the
place
where
Lord
Ram
ordered
to
build
a
bridge
to
connect
Sri
Lanka,
(Ram
Setu).
It
is
situated
in
Tamil
Nadu.
Harappa
was
excavated
in
1920-1921,
while
it
was
discovered
in
the
year
1826.
Kanchi
or
Kanchipuram
is
an
ancient
city
in
Tamil
Nadu.
Sol
90.
The
correct
answer
is
Kalasoka.
Key
Points
Kalasoka
convened
the
second
Buddhist
Council
in
Vaishali
(383
BC).
Results
of
Council-
Schism
into
Sthavira-Vadins
and
Mahasanghikas.
To Practice 3751 More Questions
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 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

Council Year Venue King Presided
by Vinaya
Pitaka:

First
Buddhist 483
It
is
also
known
as
the
Book
of
Discipline.
Rajagriha Ajatshatru Mhakasyapa
Upali The
subject
matter
of
Vinay
Pitaka
is
the
monastic
Council BC
rules
for
monks
and
nuns.
Second It
deals
with
the
governing
rules
of sangha
and
383
Buddhist Vaishali Kalasoka Sabakami
BC monks. 
Council
Abhidhammapitaka Pitaka:
Third
Buddhist 250 Moggaliputta It deals
with
the
philosophy
and
doctrine
of
Pataliputra Asoka
Council BC Tissa Buddhism
appearing
in
the
suttas.
Fourth
72 Sol
93.
Buddhist Kundalavana Kanishka Vasumitra
AD Ashtadhyayi
Council

Jagarbhivamsha Ashtadhyayi is
a Sanskrit
treatise
on
grammar.
Fifth
Buddhist 1871
Mandalay Mindon and
Council AD
Samangalasama Natyashastra
Sixth
Buddhist 1954 Burmese
Kaba
Aye Mahasi
Sayadaw It
is
a detailed
treatise
and
handbook
on
dramatic
art.
Council AD government
Brihat
Jataka
Sol
91.
The
correct
answer
is
Ved
Vyas. Brihat
Jataka is
considered
the standard
textbook
on
Bhagavad
Gita: Vedic
astrology.

The
Bhagavad
Gita
is
one
of
Hinduism's
holy
books.
It
was
written
as
part
of
the
Mahabharata
around
five
thousand
years
ago.
Known
as
"The
Song
of
God",
the
Bhagavad
Gita,
is
a
collection
of
700
verses
from
the
great
epic
Mahabharata.
It
has
teachings
that
are
said
to
have
been
given
by
the
Supreme
God,
Lord
Sri
Krishna.
Krishna
is
talking
to
Arjuna,
an
Archer,
in
the
book
(Bhagvat
Gita),
before
the
Kurukshetra
war
begins.
it
is
regarded
as
the
manual
on
which
a
human
being
should
follow
his
life
as
per
the
Sanatana
Dharma.
Important
Points
Sol
94.
Surkotada
is
situated
in
Kutchh
district
of
Gujarat.
It
is
the
only
Indus
Valley
site
where
the
remains
of
a
horse
have
actually
been
found.
Kalibangan
is
situated
in
Hanumangarh,
Rajasthan.
Banawali
is
situated
in
Hisar,
Haryana.
Mohenjo
Daro
is
situated
in
Larkana,
Sindh.
Sol
95.
The
correct
answer
is
Vajrapani.
The
Bodhisattva
Vajrapani
holds
a
thunderbolt
like
the
deity
Indra
of
Hinduism
and
fights
against
evil
and
sin.

The
Bhagavad
Gita
was
composed
by
an
ancient
sage
named
Vyasa.
In
most
Hindu
traditions,
Krishna
Dvaipayana
Vyasa,
also
referred
to
as
Vyasa
or
Veda-Vyasa
(the
one
who
classified
the
Vedas
into
four
parts),
is
a
central
and
revered
figure.
Traditionally,
he
is
considered
the
author
of
the
Mahabharata,
although
it
is
also
commonly
believed
that
only
the
centre
of
the
epic,
the
Bharata,
was
written.
He
is
also
known
as
the
scribe
of
Puranas,
ancient
Hindu
texts
eulogising
various
deities
through
divine
tales,
mainly
the
divine
Trimurti
God
in
Hinduism.
Photo
of
Ved
Vyas:
Sol
92.
The
correct
answer
is Vinaya
Pitaka.
Key
Points
The
rules
made
by
the
Buddhist
Sanghas
were
laid
down
in Vinaya
Pitaka.
Tripitaka
or
Three
Baskets
is
a
traditional
term
used
for
various
Buddhist
scriptures.
The
three
pitakas
are Sutta
Pitaka,
Vinaya
Pitaka
and
Abhidhamma
Pitaka.

 utta
Pitaka: 
S Dhamma(dharma):
his
teaching
It
contains
over
10
thousand
suttas
or
sutras
related
to
Buddha
and
his
close
companions.
It
also
deals
with
the
first
Buddhist
council
which
was
held
shortly
after
Buddha’s
death.
It
is
the
collection
of
buddha's
Sermons
and
Teachings.
Key
Points
Avalokitesvara
or
Padmapani
is
the
lotus
bearer.
Manjushri
holds
a
book
describing
10
paramitas
(
spiritual
perfections).
Maitreya
is
the
future
Buddha.
Ksitigarbha
is
the
bodhisattva
of
hell-beings
and
guardian
of
purgatories;
while
Amitabha
is
Buddha
of
heaven
and
the
Buddha
of
Immeasurable
Life
and
Light.
Sol
96.
Burzahom archaeological
sites
have
evidence
of
pit-
dwellings.
It
is
located
in
the
Kashmir
Valley
of
the
Indian
state
Jammu
and
Kashmir.
The
Burzahom
site
revealed
the
transition
from
the
subterranean
and
ground-level
housing
features
of
the
Neolithic
people
to
the
mudbrick
structures
of
the
Megalithic
people.
Sol
97.
Triratna
in
Sanskrit
means 'Three
Jewels'
The
Buddha
Sangha:
the
community
of
all
those
who
follow
his
teachings.
Buddhism:
It
is
faith
that
was
founded
by
Siddhartha
Gautama("the
Buddha").
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
Siddhartha
Gautam,
the
Lord
Buddha
was born
in
563 B.C
at
Lumbini
in
Nepal.
Attained
Nirvana
under
a
Pipal
tree
at Bodh
Gaya  &
henceforth
known
as Buddha(The
enlightened
one).
Delivered
his first
sermon at Sarnath (Banaras)
know
called
the Dhammacakkappavattana.
Died
at
the
age
of
80
at
Kushinagar
(U.P).
Sol
98.
The
Vedanga are
six
Hinduism
auxiliary
disciplines
that
originated
in
ancient
times
and
were
related
to
the
study
of
the
Vedas.
One
of
the
most
significant
ancient
Hindu
philosophical
texts
is the
Purva
Mimamsa
Sutras,
written
by
Rishi
Jaimini.
It
forms
the
basis
of
Mimamsa,
the
earliest
of
Indian
philosophy's
six
orthodox
schools
(darshanas).
The
sage
Jaimini
was
one
of
the
disciples
of
the
sage
Veda
Vyasa,
the
author
of
the
Mahabharata,
according
to
tradition.
The
job
is
split
into
12
adhyayas
(chapters),
which
are
further
split
into sixty
padas
(sections).
Sol
99.
The
correct
answer
is
option
4,
i.e.
Lothal.
Lothal
was
the
first
man-made
port
in
the
world
and
dockyard
made
of
burnt
bricks.
It
was
discovered
in
1953
by
S.R.
Rao.
It
is
situated
in
Gujarat
on
the
Bhogava
river
near
the
Gulf
of
Cambay.
Mohanjedaro
was
excavated
in
1922
by
R.D.
Banarjee.
It
is
situated
in
the
Larkana
district
in
Sind
on
the
right
bank
of
river
Indus
(Now
in
Pakistan).
The
Great
Granary,
the
Great
Bath
a
piece
of
woven
cotton,
a
bearded
man
in
steatite
and
a
bronze
dancing
girl
are
found
from
Mohanjedaro.
Mohanjedaro
is
also
known
as
‘the
mount
of
the
dead’.
Sol
100.
The
correct
answer
is Kautilya.
Key
Points
Kautilya
was
also
called
‘Indian
Machiavelli’.
Arthasastra
a book
on
economy
and
polity
in
Sanskrit
was
written
by
Kautilya,
a
contemporary
of
Chandragupta
Maurya.
The
manuscript
of
Arthasastra
was
first
discovered
by
R.
Shama
Sastri
in
1905.
Niccolò
di
Bernardo
dei
Machiavelli
was
an
Italian
diplomat,
philosopher,
politician,
historian,
and
writer.  the Vardhana (Pushyabhuti)
dynasty.
He
is
called
the
father
of
modern
political
philosophy
and
political
science.
The
Prince
(Il
Principe)
was
the
famous
book
of Machiavelli
written
in
1513
A.D.
Sol
101.
The
correct
answer
is
Mahavira.
Mahavira
was
the
24th
Jain
Tirthankara.
Key
Points
Rishabhdev
was
the
first
Jain
Tirthankara.
Ajitnath
was
the
second
Jain
Tirthankara.
Sambhavnath
was
the
third
Jain
Tirthankara.
Abhinandananatha
was
the
fourth
Jain
Tirthankara.
Sumatinath
was
the
fifth
Jain
Tirthankara.
Parshwanath
was
the
23rd
Jain
Tirthankara.
Ancient
History
Additional
Information
Tirthankar:
A
Tirthankar
is
referred
to
as
‘teaching
god’
or
‘Ford
Maker’
in
Jainism.
In
Jainism,
it
is
believed
that
each
cosmic
age
produces
24
Tirthankaras.
The
Tirthankaras
in
the
art
are
shown
in
the
Kayotsarga
pose
(dismissing
the
body).
The
24
Tirthankaras
are
distinguished
from
each
other
by
the
symbolic
colours
or
emblems.
Sol
102.
The
correct
answer
is
option
4,
i.e.
Kapila.
Samkhya
also
spelt
Sankhya,
one
of
the
six
systems
of
Indian
philosophy.
Sage Indian
Philosophy
Sage
Kapila Samkhya
Maharishi
Patanjali Yog
Sage
Gautum Nyaya
Sage
Kanada
Rishi Vaisheshika
Sol
103.
The
correct
answer
is
Chandragupta
Maurya.
Key
Points
In
classical
Greek
sources,
Chandragupta
Maurya
Refers
to
Sandrocottus.
Chandragupta
Maurya
(reign
c.322
to
c.298
BC)
was
the
founder
of
the
Mauryan
Dynasty
at
Patliputra.
With
the
help
of
Chanakya,
he
overthrew
the
Nanda
Dynasty.
His
vast
empire
included
Bihar,
Bengal,
Deccan,
parts
of
current
Tamil
Nadu
and
parts
of
North
East
India,
Eastern
Afghanistan,
Baluchistan
and
area
west
of
Indus
river.
Seleucus,
one
of
the
generals
of
Alexander
became
his
successor.Seleucus
sent
Megasthenes
to
Chandragupta’s
Court.
Chandragupta
Maurya
is
believed
to
have
spent
his
last
days
at
Shravanabelagola.
He
is
believed
to
have
died
by
practising
Santhara.
Sol
104.
Among
the
options,
only Kadambari
is
NOT
written
by Harshavardhana.
Kadambari is
a
famous
book
composed
by Banabhatta.
Harshavardhana was
a
ruler
of
He
ruled
north
India
from
606
CE
to
647
CE.
Sol
105.
Many
literary
works
were
composed
during
this
period.
They
were:
Kalidasa wrote
plays
such
as
Abhijnan
Shakuntalam
and
Meghdootam.
Bhairavi composed Kiratarjuniya which
describes
the
battle
between Kirat
and
Arjuna.
 
Vishnu
Sharma wrote Panchtantra.
It
is
a
compilation
of
various
stories
with
themes
or
messages.
Sol
106.
Jataka
tales
are
works
of
literature
that
are
about Gautam
Buddha's
previous
births. 
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

Buddhism: Buddhism
is
a
faith
that
was
founded Patna
by Siddhartha
Gautama ("the
Buddha")
in 5th
Century Jehanabad
B.C. Nalanda
The
Buddhism
religion
is
based
upon
the
teachings,
life Aurangabad
experience
of
its
founder
Siddhartha
Gautam,
born
in Arwal
circa
563
BCE. Nawada
Gaya.
Sol
107.
Malvika-agnimitram'
was
written
by Kalidasa. Sol
112.
Kalidasa
was
a
classical
Sanskrit
author
and
ancient
India's
greatest
playwright
and
dramatist. Matsya
Kingdom:
Notable
works
of
Kalidasa
are:
 It
was
located
in
central
India
near Kuru.
Abhijnanasakuntalam.
 It
was
founded
by
Matsya
Dwaita, son
of
Raghuvaṃsa.
 Uparachira
Vasu.
Meghaduta.
 Uparachira’s
other
sons
were
Brihadratha
Vikramorvasiyam.
 (founded
Maghada),
Mavella,
Yadu,
Manivahana,
Kumarasambhavam.
and
Rajanya.
Sol
108. The
capital
of
Matsya
was
The
correct
answer
is
option
4)
i.e.
Mongolia. at Viratanagari (present-day Bairat
in
the
Jaipur
district
of
Rajasthan).
As
per
the
evidence,
the
Harappan
people
used
to
trade
with
Afghanistan,
Persia
and
Oman. Sol
113.
But
there
are
no
evidence
that
hey
also
tread
with The
correct
answer
is
A
-
II,
B
-
I,
C
-
IV,
D
-
III.
Mongolia.
Magadha:
It
was
located
in
present-day
Bihar
Materials
Name Region(From
where
materials
were
imported)
The
capital
of
Magadha
was
Rajagriha.
Silver Afghanistan The
first
Buddhist
Council
was
held
in
Rajagriha.
Turquoise Persia Vatsa:
The
capital
of
Vatsa
was
Kausambi.
Copper Oman It
was
located
in
present-day
Allahabad.
The
Vatsa
kingdom
was
situated
on
the
banks
of
Sol
109. the
river
Yamuna.
Surasena:
Harappa
was
the
first
site
to
be
discovered. The
capital
of
Surasena
was
Mathura.
It
was
discovered
by
a
team
of
Daya
Ram
Sahni
in
the It
is
located
in
present-day
Uttar
Pradesh.
year
1921. Kamboja:
Mohenjodaro
was
discovered
in
the
year
1922
by
a
team The
Capital
of
Kamboja
was
Rajapura.
of
R.D.
Banerjee. It
was
located
around
the
Hindukush
mountains
of
Lothal,
a
finding
in
Dholavira
was
discovered
in
1990
by
a Kashmir.
team
of
R
S
Bisht.
Sol
114.
Sol
110.
The
correct
answer
is
option
1,
i.e.
A
-
4,
B
-
2,
C
-
1,
D
-
3. Atharva
Veda
is
an
Encyclopedia
for
medicine. 
Rigveda Samveda Yajurveda Atharvaveda It
was
a collection
of
spells,
prayers,
charms,
and
hymns. 
Rigveda
is
the
There
are prayers for
various
purposes
like
to protect
oldest
of
all
four crops
from
lightning,
against
poisonous
snakes,
healing
Samveda
is
a
Vedas. It
is
called It
is
called
the spells,
love
spells,
versus, etc. 
collection
of
Rigveda
is
a a
book
of book
of
magic.
It The purpose
of
charms
and
spells
is
to
ward
off
evils
and
musical
hymns.
collection
of prayers
as contains
charms disease. 
The
earliest
hymns
and it
contains and
spells
to
evidence
of
prayers.
Rigveda hymns
and ward
off
evils
and
singing
is
found Sol
115.
contains
10 rituals. diseases.
here. The
correct
answer
is
1,
2
and
4
mandals
and
1028
hymns. Key
Points

Sol
111. The
second
urbanization
started
in
the
6th
century
BC
in
the
Indian
subcontinent.
The
correct
answer
is  Magadha 
The
centre
of
economic
and
political
activity
shifted
from
The
Magadha
kingdom
first
used
elephants
in
wars. north-west
to
Eastern
UP
and
Bihar
that
is
Ganga
basin.
The
rulers
of
Magadha employed
elephants
as
a
weapon The
territorial
States
become
very
large
with
the
use
of
of
large-scale
destruction. better
tools
and
weapons
and
came
to
be
known
as
Magadha
was
an
ancient
Indian
kingdom
in
southern Mahajanapadas.
Bihar. The
small
kingdoms
submitted
to
the
stronger
ruler
or
Magadha
was
counted
as
one
of
the
sixteen gradually
got
eliminated.
Mahajanapadas.
Magadha
also played
an
important
role
in
the
development
of
Jainism
and
Buddhism.
The
kingdom
of
the
Magadha
covers the
modern
districts
of:
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

Mahajanpadas Capitals The
Pakistan
Department
of
Archaeology
excavated
at

Kot
Diji
in
1955
and
1957.
Anga Champa
Kot
Diji
is
distanced
about
24
kilometers
south
of
Khairpur
Vajji Vaishali in
the
province
of
Sindh,
Pakistan.
Malla Pava
and
Kushinagar
It
is
on
the
east
bank
of
the
Indus
opposite
Mohenjo-
Daro.
Kashi Banaras

Kaushal Shravasti
and
Ayodhya
The
terms
Early
Harappan
and
Harappan
(were
discovered
in
1921).
Vatsa Kaushambi These
are
relating
respectively
to
periods
or
cultures
that
Chedi Suktimati preceded
the
appearance
of
city
life
in
the
Indus
valley
and
to
the
Indus
civilization
itself.
Kuru Indraprastha

Panchala Ahichhatra Sol
119.

The
correct
answer
is
Mahabhinishkraman.
Surasena Mathura
Key
Points
Avanti Ujjain
and
Mahishmati
And
Mahabhinishkraman
refers
to
the
departure
of
Ashvika/
Ashmaka Pottam Siddhartha
from
his
home
at
the
age
of
29.
Gandhara Takshila
Important
Points
Kambhoja Hataka

Matsya Viratnagar
Dharmachakrapravartana
refers
to
Siddhartha’s
first
religious
sermon
at
Sarnath.
Magadha Rajgir
(later
Patliputra) Nirvana
refers
to
the
attainment
of
knowledge
by
Buddha
at
Bodh
Gaya.
Sol
116. Parinirvana
refers
to
the
death
of
Siddhartha
at
Kushinagar.
Jodhpura was
the
site
located
on
the
banks
of river
Sabi
in
Jaipur
district, where
ancient
civilization
in
Rajasthan Sol
120.
was
settled. The
correct
answer
is
option
1
i.e
Rajasthan.
The
Sahibi
river/
the
Sabi
River
is
an
ephemeral,
rain-fed Indus
Sites Features
river
flowing
through
Rajasthan,
Haryana and
Delhi
state
in
India. Evidence
of
double
burial
Remains
of
Rice
Husk
It
drains
into
the
Yamuna
in
Delhi,
where
its
channelled
Lothal,
Gujarat Evidence
of
terracotta
figurine
of
a
horse
course
is
also
called
the
Najafgarh
drain,
which
also Dockyard
serves
as
Najafgarh
drain
bird
sanctuary. Terracotta
model
of
a
ship

Sol
117. Evidence
of
furrowed
land
Evidence
of
wooden
furrow
According
to
the
Hindu
Mythology,
"Garuda"
is
not
a
part
of
ten Kalibangan, 
 Rajasthan
Evidence
of
seven
fire
altars
incarnations
of
Lord
Vishnu. Ploughed
field
surface

According
to
Hindu
Mythology,
there
are
ten
complete Bones
of
horse
incarnations
of
the
Lord
Vishnu
and,
countless
numbers Oval
grave
Surkotada,
Gujarat
Pot
burials
of
incomplete
incarnations.
Bead
making
shops

Position Incarnations Yugas Pottery

Plant
fossils
Alamgirpur,
Uttar
Pradesh
First MATAYSYA SATYUGA Animal
bones
Copper
tools
Second KURMA SATYUGA
A
unique
water
management
system
Third VARAHA SATYUGA Dholavira,
Gujarat
Only
site
to
be
divided
into
3
parts
Fourth NARSIMHA SATYUGA Madhya
Pradesh -
Fifth VAMANA SATYUGA
Sol
121.
Sixth PARSHURAMA TRETA
The
correct
answer
is
Mahabhinishkraman.
Seventh RAMA TRETA Key
Points

Eighth KRISHNA DWAPARA Mahabhinishkraman
refers
to
the
departure
of

Ninth BUDDHA KALIYUGA Siddhartha
from
his
home
at
the
age
of
29.

Tenth KALKI KALIYUGA Important
Points

Sol
118.
The
correct
answer
is
Pre
Harappan
Civilization
The
ancient
site
at
Kot
Diji
was
found
before
the
Indus
Civilization
or
Haddapan
Civilization.
Time
Period:
3300
BCE.
The
remains
consist
of
two
parts;
the
citadel
area
on
high
ground
and
the
outer
area.
Dharmachakrapravartana
refers
to
Siddhartha’s
first
religious
sermon
at
Sarnath.
Nirvana
refers
to
the
attainment
of
knowledge
by
Buddha
at
Bodh
Gaya.
Parinirvana
refers
to
the
death
of
Siddhartha
at
Kushinagar.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

Sol
122. Modern Discovered

Site Archaeological
Finding
Key
Points Location By

Aranyani
is
the
goddess
of
forest
in
the
Rig
Vedic
period. Great
Granary,
Great
Bath,
Mohenjodaro Steatite
image
of
bearded
Indra
was
considered
as
the
rain
god.
man,
Savitri
was
the
god
of
light.
Aditi
was
the
Goddess
of
Eternity. also
known
as
City
without
N
G
Chanhudaro Citadel,
Lipstick,
Inkpot,
Majumdar
Sol
123. Model
of
Bullock
cart

It
was
a
Dockyard,
Indus
Valley
Civilization
is
the
largest
ancient
civilization. Ahmedabad
Terracotta
figurine
of
a
John
Marshall
was
the
first
scholar
to
use
the
term
‘Indus Lothal district
of
horse,
Double
burial,
Rice
Valley
Civilisation’. Gujarat
Husks
The
Indus
Valley
Civilisation
belongs
to
the
Protohistoric
Period
(Chalcolithic
Age/Bronze
Age). A
unique
water
harnessing Kutch
J.P.
Dholavira system,
water
drainage district
of
Dayaram
Sahni
first
discovered
Harappa
Civilisation
in Joshi,1966
system,
a
stadium
 Gujarat
1921.
Fatehabad
R.S.
Bisht
Sol
124. Banawali district
of
(ASI)
The
correct
answer
is
Lothal. Haryana

Granaries
in
a
row,
Clay
It
has
been
nominated
as
a
World
Heritage
site
by Sahiwal
figures
of
Mother
Goddess, 1921,
Daya
UNESCO. Harappa district
of
Copper
scale,
Stone Ram
Sahni
It
located
in
the
Bhal
region
of
Gujarat
state. Pakistan
symbols
of
Lingam,
etc.
Champaner-Pavagadh
Archaeological
Park
is
located
in
Panchmahal
district
in
Gujarat. J.P.
Surkotada
Bhimbetka
rock
shelters
are
the
oldest
rock
art
site Joshi,1966
located
in
Madhya
Pradesh.
As
per
the
evidence,
the
Harappan
people
used
to
trade
Sol
125. with
Afghanistan,
Persia,
and
Oman.
The
division
of
the
Vedic
society
is
clearly
mentioned
in
the But
there
is
no
evidence
that
they
also
trade
with
Purusa
Sukta
of
rig
Veda.  Mongolia.

The
Purusha
Sukta
explains
the
origin
of the
varna
system Materials
Name Region(From
where
materials
were
imported)

and
hierarchical.
The
Purusha
Sukta mention
in 10th
Mandal
of
Rigveda,  Silver Afghanistan

Turquoise Persia
Sol
126.
Copper Oman
The
correct
answer
is
option
3
The
first
grammarian
text
of
the
Sanskrit
language
was
written
by
Panini. Sol
128.

Panini
was
an
ancient
Sanskrit
philologist,
grammarian
scholar
in
ancient
India.
Panini’s
grammar
is
the
perfect
model,
known
as
the
‘Ashtadhyayi’.
‘Ashtadhyayi’
is
closer
to
the
Vedic
language.
Panini’s
grammar
belonged
to
a
period
between
the
5th
century
and
4th
century
B.C.
Kalidasa
is
a
classical
Sanskrit
writer,
known
as
India's
Shakespeare.
 "Abhijnanasakuntalam"
is
a
well-known
Sanskrit
play
by
Kalidasa.
"Rajatarangini" was
written
by
Kalhana,
in
Sanskrit
in
the
12th
century.
Sol
127.
Jagat
Pati
Joshi(J.P.
Joshi)
is
an
Indian
archaeologist
who
discovered
the
Indus
Valley
site
of
Dholavira.
 Sol
130.
Parikshat
and
Janamejaya
were
the
famous
rulers
of
the
Kuru
kingdom.
The
tribal
kingdoms
during
the
Rig
Vedic
period
-
Bharatas,
Matsyas,
Yadus,
and
the
Purus.
There
are
three
divisions
of
India
according
to
later
Vedic
texts–
Aryavarta
(northern
India),
Madhyadesa
(central
India)
and
Dakshinapatha
(southern
India).
Sol
129.
'Raghuvansham'
is
compiled
by Kalidas.
'Raghuvansham' known
as
'Raghuvamsa'
is
a
Sanskrit
epic
poem compiled
by
Kalidas.
The
poem
speaks
in 19
sargas,
about
the Raghu
dynasty,
which
included Raghu,
Dasaratha,
Rama, etc.

The Gupta period
has
been
described
as
the
'golden
age'
of Indian
history.
The prosperity
of
the
Gupta
Empire produced
a golden
age of cultural
and
scientific
advancements.
The Gupta
Empire,
founded
by Maharaja
Sri
Gupta,
was
an
ancient
Indian
realm
that
covered
much
of
the Indian
Subcontinent
from
320-550
CE.

Sol
131.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
Sonagiri is
a
place
in
the
state
of
Madhya
Pradesh
which
is
located
in
the Datia
district.
The
place
has
a
lot
of Jain
temples dating
from
the 9th
century
onwards.
The
place
is
popular
among
devotees
and
ascetic
saints
to practice
self-discipline,
austerity,
and
to
attain
moksha.
A
famous Jain
museum is
also
located
in
Sonagiri
Sol
132.
Hiuen
 Tsang:
A
Chinese Buddhist
monk,
scholar,
traveller,
and
translator who
travelled
to India in
the seventh
century.
He
described
the interaction
between Chinese
Buddhism and Indian
Buddhism during
the
early Tang
dynasty.
He
became
famous
for
his seventeen-year
overland
journey
to
India.
He
visited India
during
the
reign
of Harshavardhan who
came to
admire
him
for
his
deep
devotion
towards
Buddhism.
Sol
133.
Harshavardhana was
an
Indian
Emperor,
who
ruled
over
the
northern
parts
of
India
from
606
A.D
to
647
A.D.
His
earliest
capital
was
Thaneswar,
present-day
Haryana.
[Mistake
point]
After
his
accession,
King
Harshavardhan
united
the
two
kingdoms
of
Thanesar
and
Kannauj.
He
also
shifted
his
capital
from Thanesar
to
Kannauj.
Thus,
in
the
7th
Century
CE,
the
capital
of
Harshavardhana's
Empire
was Kannauj.
Sol
134.
The
remains
of
Horse
bones
were
found
at
Surkotda.
It
is
an
Indus
valley
site
currently
present
in
Gujrat.
 Buddhist
texts.
Indus
Valley
Importance
Site
It
is
the
latest
site
which
is
present
in
Gujarat.
It
was
divided
into
3
parts,
unlike
other
sites
Dholavira which
had
2
parts.
There
exist
a
middle
town
apart
from
the
lower
town.
It
has
an
artificial
Brick
dockyard.
It
has
evidence
of
the
earliest
cultivation
of
Lothal
Rice.
It
served
as
a
seaport
for
Indus
Valley
People.
In
Sindhi
language,
it
means
“mound
of
the
dead”.
It
is
the
largest
of
all
Indus
cities.
Mohenjodaro
The
Great
Bath
is
also
present
here.
Bronze
dancing
girl
and
a
seal
bearing
Pashupati
are
also
found
here.
Sol
135.
Major
Rock
Edict
13 gives
details
about
his war
with
Kalinga.
There
are fourteen
Major
Rock
Edicts.
The
two
Kalinga
Edicts
are
found
in
the
newly
conquered
territory.
Ancient
History
The
major
pillar
Edicts
were
erected
in
important
cities.
There
are minor
Rock
Edicts and minor
pillar
Edicts.
Sol
136.
It is
a
work
on
the
grammar
of
the
Tamil
language
and
the
earliest
extant
work
of
Tamil
literature
and
linguistics.
It
was
written
by
Tolkappiyar
in
Tamil.
It
is
a
work
on Tamil
Grammar.
It
also
gives
an
idea
of
the
Political
and
Social
scenario
at
that
time.
The
Tamil
language
was
used
in
the
Sangam
Literature.
Sol
137.
The
correct
answer
is
Vishvamitra.
Key
Points
Vishvamitra
is
the
composer
of
Gayatri
Mantra.
Gayatri
Mantra
first
appeared
in
the
Rig
Veda.
It
is
also
known
as
Savitri
Mantra.
Vashishtha
composed
hymns
which
are
dedicated
to
Agni,
Indra,
and
other
gods.
Gayatri
Mantra
is
cited
widely
in
Vedic
and
post-Vedic
texts.
The
mantra
was
an
important
part
of
the
upanayana
ceremony.
Goswami
Tulsidas
was
the
composer
of
Hanuman
Chalisa.
Sol
138.
Fa
Hien's
visit
to
India occurred
during
the reign
of Chandragupta
II.
Fa-hien
was
a Chinese
Buddhist
monk and
translator
who travelled
by
foot from
China
to
India, visiting
sacred
Buddhist
sites
in
Central
Asia,
the
Indian
subcontinent
and
Southeast
Asia
between
399-412
CE to
acquire
He
described
his
journey
in his
travelogue, A
Record
of
Buddhist
Kingdoms.
Chandragupta
II,
also
called
Vikramaditya was
a powerful
emperor (reigned 380-415
CE) of
northern
India.
Sol
139.
The
correct
answer
is
Kanishka.
Key
Points
Kanishka
fought
against
King
Han
Ho-ti,
who
was
the
king
of
the
Han
dynasty
of
China,
and
defeated
him
in
the
second
attempt.
Kanishka:
He
was
an
emperor
of
the
Kushan
dynasty
and
reined
in
the
second
century
(c.120
–144
CE).
The
Kushan
emperors
used
gold
coins
in
place
of
silver
for
the
first
time
The
main
capital
of
his
empire
was
located
at
Puruṣapura
in
Gandhara.
He
ruled
an
Empire
extending
from
southern
Uzbekistan
and
Tajikistan
to
northern
India,
as
far
as
Mathura
in
the
south-east
He
was
the
descendant
of
Kujula
Kadphises,
founder
of
the
Kushan
empire.
He
was
a
patron
of
Buddhism
and
played
a
vital
role
in
the
transmission
of
Mahayana
Buddhism
from
Gandhara
to
China.
He
administered
the
4th
Buddhist
Council
in
Kashmir
as
the
head
of
the
council.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

It
was
presided
by
Vasumitra
and
Ashwaghosha. The
last
king
of
the
Chalukya
Dynasty,
Kirtivarman
II
was
Images
of
the
Buddha
based
on
32
physical
signs
were defeated
by
Dantidurga.
made
during
his
time.
Sol
143.
Sol
140.
Aihole
inscription
was
written
by Ravikirti who
was
a
poet
In
Jainism, Tirthankara is
a saviour
who
has
succeeded
in during
the
reign
of Pulakeshi
II.
crossing
over
life’s
stream
of
rebirths
and
has
made
a Aihole
is
situated
in
Karnataka
and
is
widely
recognized
path
for
others
to
follow. as
the Cradle
of
Indian
Architecture.
There
are 24 Tirthankaras in
Jainism. It
served
as
the
capital
of Chalukyas.
Parsvanatha
was 23rd
Tirthankara This
inscription
gives
information
about
the
conquests
of
Mahavira was
the
last
Tirthankara. Pulakesin,
especially
how
he
defeated
Harshavardhana.

Sol
141. Sol
144.
The
correct
answer
is Gautamiputra
Satakarni. The
correct
answer
is
Option
4,
i.e
Vasudeva.
Key
Points
Vasudeva
was
the
founder
of
the
Kanvas
dynasty.
Gautamiputra
Satakarni's
achievements are
recorded
in Vasudeva
was
the
minister
of
the
last
Sunga
ruler,
the
Nasik
inscriptions. Devabhuti.
He
belonged to
the
Satavahana
Dynasty. Vasudeva
assassinated
Devabhuti
and
established
the
He
ruled
in
the
1st
or
2nd
century. Kanvas
dynasty.
The
Nasik
Inscription
was
laid
out
by
his
mother
Gautami The
capital
of
the
Kanvas
dynasty
was
at
Patliputra.
Balaski. Rudradaman
I
belonged
to
the
Saka
dynasty
and
ruled
The
Inscription
talks
about
his
victory
over
Nagapana. over
Ujjain.
The
seventeenth
King
of
the
Satavahana
Dynasty,
Hala Simuka
was
the
founder
of
the
Satavahana
dynasty.
was
famous
for
his
book
Gathasaptasati.  Kharvela
belonged
to
the
Chedis
dynasty
and
ruled
over
The
founder
of
the
Satavahana
Dynasty
was
Simuka.   Kalinga.

Sol
142. Sol
145.
The
correct
answer
is
Chinese
Buddhist
monk
Hiuen
Tsang.
Key
Points Al-Biruni
authored Tārīkh
al-Hind (History
of
India)
where
he
writes
"The
city
of
Thanesar
is
highly
venerated
by
Chinese
Buddhist
monk
Hiuen
Tsang
visited
the
Chalukya Hindus.
The
idol
of
that
place
is
called
Chakrasvamin,
i.e.
kingdom
during
Pulakeshin
II's
reign
and
praised
him
in the
owner
of
the
chakra,
a
weapon
which
we
have
his
writings. already
described.
It
is
of bronze,
and
is
nearly
the
size
of
Chinese
pilgrim
Hiuen
Tsang
visited
India
in
the
seventh a
man." 
century
and
stayed
for
fifteen
years.
During
Harsha’s
reign,
it
took
almost
16
years
to
reach
India. Sol
146.
Hiuen
Tsang
described
that
India
was
divided
into
three
varnas
Brahmans,
Kshatriyas
and
Shudras(
those
who
do There
are
a
total
of
108
Upanishads
known
to
exist
out
of
agriculture)
along
with
these
three
there
was
additional which
there
are
11
main
Upanishads
varna
known
as
untouchables. These
are
known
as
Mukhya
Upanishads.
During
Harsha’s
reign
and
Hiuen
Tsang
travel,
he The
last
Upanishad
was
recorded
in
the
year
of
1656
by
recorded
that
Buddhism
was
divided
into
eighteen
sects Dara
Shikoh
who
was
the
son
of
Shah
Jahan
with
Nalanda
as
its
famous
centre
where
10000
monks
taught
Buddhist
philosophy
of
the
Mahayana
school. Sol
147.
In
670
AD
another
Chinese
pilgrim
visited
India-
I-tsing- Indus
valley
Site Discoverer Year
of
Discovery
who
also
recorded
Nalanda
in
his
travelogue.
Lothal Shikaripura
Ranganatha
Rao 1957
Additional
Information Kalibangan A.Ghosh,B.V.Lal,B.K.Thapar 1953
Literature
works Chanhudaro Gopal
Majumdar 1931
Kings Dynasty's Court
Poets
and
authors
Ropar Y.D
Sharma 1953
Chalukya
Pulakeshin
II Ravikirti Aihole
inscription
dynasty Sol
148.
Banabhatta- The
correct
answer
is
Buddhism.
Pushyabhuti Harshacharita
dynasty/ Harshavardhana- Vajrayana
School
belongs
to
Buddhism.
Harshavardhana Banabhatta
Vardhana Priyadarshika, Vajrayana
means
“The
Vehicle
of
the
Thunderbolt”.
This
dynasty Ratanavali
and
Nagananda.
Buddhist
school
developed
in
India
between
the
7th
to
8th
centuries
CE.
Chalukya
Dynasty:
Also
known
as
Tantric
Buddhism,
It
first
emerged
in
Pulakesin
I
was
the
founder
of
the
Chalukya
Dynasty. various
parts
of
India
and
Sri
Lanka.
He
established
its
capital
at
Badami
(Vatapi). It
is
based
on
the
principles
of
the
Mahayana
tradition.
Kirtivarman
I
was
the
son
of
Pulakesin
I.
Sol
149.
Vijayaditya
was
the
longest-serving
king
of
the
Chalukya
Dynasty.
Dhamekh
Stupa,
built
by
the
Mauryan
king
Ashoka,
is
Pulakesin
II
defeated
the
Mahendravarman
I
of
the
located
at
Sarnath
which
is
13
km
away
from
Varanasi.
Pallava
dynasty.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
The
Dhamekh
Stupa
is
said
to
mark
the
place
where
Buddha
gave
his
first
sermon
his
five
disciples
after
attaining
enlightenment.
The
shape
of
the
Dhamekh
Stupa
is
a
solid
cylindrical
structure
made
of
bricks
and
stone
up
to
a
height
of
43.6
meters
with
a
diameter
of
28
meters.
Sol
150.
The
correct
answer
is
option
3,
i.e Pataliputra
Important
points
to
remember:
Gupta
Empire:
Capital
of
Gupta
dynasty
was
Pataliputra.
The Gupta
coinage was
also
remarkable.
Samudragupta
issued
eight
types
of
gold
coins.
Chandragupta
II
and
his
successors
had
also
issued
gold,
silver
and
copper
coins
of
different
varieties.
The
court
of
Chandragupta
II
was
adorned
by
the
celebrated Navratnas.
Kalidasa remains
foremost
among
them.
The Panchatantra
stories were
composed
during
the
Gupta
period.
The Puranas in
their
present
form
were
composed
during
this
period.
The
Mahabharatha
and
the
Ramayana
were
written
in
the
present
form
and
given
final
touches
and
written
in
the
present
form
during
this
period.
Sol
151.
Megasthenes.
At
the
time
of
the
treaty
between
the
Greek
ruler Seleucus
I
Nicator and
the
Indian
ruler Chandragupta
Maurya,
he
appears
to
have
been
serving
as
an
officer
under
Sibyrtius.
Megasthenes was
an
ancient
Greek
historian,
diplomat
and
Indian
ethnographer,
and
explorer
in
the
Hellenistic
period.
Megasthenes wrote
the
book
“Indica”.
Sol
152.
The Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta is
the
main
work
of Brahmagupta,
written
c.
628.
This
text
of
mathematical
astronomy
contains
significant
mathematical
content.
It
provides
valuable
ideas
about
positive
number,
negative
number
and
zero.
Brahmagupta was
one
of
the
most
accomplished
of
the
ancient
Indian
astronomers.
Sol
153.
The
correct
answer
is
Samaharta.
Samaharta
was
the
Chief
Collector
general
of
revenue
that
supervises
the
collection
of
revenue
from
the
Mauryan
kingdom
as
per
the
Arthashastra
of
Chanakya,
Key
Points
Pradeshtri
was
known
as
the
Divisional
Commissioner.
They
were
the
modern
district
magistrates
and
in
charge
of
the
district.
They
were
to
make
tours
once
in
every
5
years
to
inspect
the
entire
administration
of
the
areas
under
control.
Antipapal
was
known
as
the
Governor
of
the
frontier.
Sol
154.
Ancient
History
Nalanda
Mahavihara
was
founded
in
the
5th
century
CE
by
Kumargupta
I
of
the
Gupta
Dynasty.
It
was
an
ancient
Mahavihara,
a
Buddhist
monastery.
The
Gupta
Empire
was
founded
by
Sri
Gupta.
Chandragupta
I
was
the
first
great
ruler
of
the
Gupta
Empire,
who
assumed
the
title
of
Maharajadhiraja.
Samudragupta
was
the
2nd
ruler
of
the
Gupta
Empire.
He
was
also
called
Napoleon
of
India.
Sol
155.
Narmada
river
is
not
mentioned
in
Rig
Veda.
Rivers
mentioned
in
Rig
Veda
are
Indus,
Jhelum,
Chenab,
Ravi,
Beas,
Satluj,
Gomati,
Kurram,
Ghaggar
and
Swat.
Rig
Veda
is
an
ancient
Indian
text
which
is
a
collection
1,028
Vedic
Sanskrit
hymns
and
10,600
verses
dedicated
to
deities.
Sol
156.
The
Second
Buddhist
Council
was
held
at Vaishali in
383
BC.
Vaishali
is now
part
of
the
state
of
Bihar
in
northern
India
The
second
Buddhist
council
held
under
the
patronage
of
King Kalasoka and
its presided
by Sabakami.
There
are
In
total,
6
Buddhist
councils
were
convened.
Sol
157.
The
term
'Shalabhoga'
stands
with
respect
to
revenue
administration
under
the
imperial
Cholas
is
land
donated
for
the
maintenance
of
a
school.
The
inscriptions
of
the
Cholas
who
ruled
in
Tamil
Nadu
suggest
that
their
kingdom
used
more
than
400
terms
for
different
kinds
of
taxes.
Cholas
were
the
most
civilized
race
in
the
south
Indian
subcontinent.
The
time
of
the
Gupta
Empire
is
often
called
the
"Golden
Age
of
India".
According
to
Chola
inscriptions,
there
were
five
types
of
'land
gifts'
that
Chola
kings
gave
to
their
people:Shalabhoga:
This
refers
to
the
land
of
the
maintenance
of
a
school,
Devadana
tirunamattukkani:
Land
gifted
to
temples,
Pallichchhandam:
Land
donated
to
Jaina
institutions,
brahmadeya
was
land
gifted
to
Brahmanas
Sol
158.
Ploughing
field
and
the
bronze
figure
of
a
bull
have
been
found
at
Kalibangan,
Indus
valley
civilization
sites.
The
Indus
Valley
Civilization
sites
spread
over
the
whole
of
Sind,
Baluchistan,
almost
the
whole
of
Punjab,
northern
Rajasthan,
Kathiawar,
and
Gujarat.
Sol
159.
The
Correct
Answer
is
Option
2
i.e
Jainism.
Sthanakavasi:
It
is
a
sect
of
Svetambara
Jainism.
It
is
founded
by
a
merchant
named
Lavaji
in
1653
AD.
The
Sthanakavasi
do
not
believe
in
idol
worship.
They
believe
that
idol
worship
is
not
essential
in
the
path
of
soul
purification
and
attainment
of
Nirvana/Moksha.
Sol
160.
The
correct
answer
is
Harshavardhana.
Key
Points
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
Harshavardhana
was
one
of
the
most
important
emperors
in
India.
He
ruled
North
India
from
606
to
647
CE.
He
was
one
of
the
most
successful
emperors
of
the
Pushyabhuti
dynasty.
The
Pushyabhuti
dynasty
is
also
known
as
the
Vardhana
dynasty.
It
came
into
prominence
after
the
decline
of
the
Gupta
Empire.
Prabhakara
Vardhana
was
the
first
king
of
the
Pushyabhuti
dynasty.
With
the
commencement
of
the
7th
century,
Harshavardhana
ascended
the
throne
of
Thaneshwar
and
Kannauj.
He
ascended
the
throne
of
the
Vardhana
dynasty
at
the
age
of
16.
He
extended
his
empire
from
north
India
to
the
Narmada
River
in
central
India.
His
administration
was
similar
to
that
of
the
administration
of
the
Gupta
Empire.
Famous
Chinese
traveler
Xuanzang
visited
India
during
his
period.
He
was
defeated
by
a
South
Indian
ruler
Pulakeshin
II.
His
biography
"Harshacharita"
was
written
by
famous
poet
Banabhatta.
He
was
also
renowned
for
organizing
a
grand
Buddhist
convocation
in
643
CE.
He
left
for
the
holy
abode
in
the
year
647
CE.
Additional
Information
Krishnadevaraya
was
the
emperor
of
the
Vijayanagara
Empire.
He
ruled
the
Vijayanagara
Empire
from
1509
to
1529.
He
was
the
third
and
greatest
ruler
of
the
Tuluva
Dynasty.
Rajendra
Chola
I
was
one
of
the
greatest
rulers
of
the
Chola
Empire.
He
succeeded
his
father
Rajaraja
Chola
I
in
1014
CE.
Chandragupta
II
was
one
of
the
most
powerful
emperors
of
the
Gupta
Empire.
He
was
popularly
known
as
"Vikramaditya".
Sol
161.
The Atharva
Veda is
one
of
the
four
Vedas
which
mentions
about
magical
rituals
and
charms.
The
Atharva
Veda
is
sometimes
called
the
"Veda
of
magical
formulas”,
an
epithet
declared
to
be
incorrect
by
other
scholars.
Sol
162.
Dholavira
is
situated
on
the
bank
of
Luni
river.
The
City
of
Dholavira
was
divided
into
three
parts.
Lothal
was
situated
on
the
bank
of
river
Bhogava.
Mohenjodaro
was
situated
on
he
bank
of
Indus
river.
Harappa
was
situated
on
the
bank
of
Ravi
river.
Sol
163.
The
correct
answer
is
A
kind
of
forced
labor.
Vishti
is
a
kind
of
forced
labor,
it
was
famous
during
the
ancient
time
in
Southern
India.
Vishti
was
used
as
a
form
of
tax
by
the
king
that
the
peasants
had
to
do.
Ancient
History
During
ancient
times
in
southern
India,
villagers
were
compelled
to
provide
free
services
to
the
army
and
visiting
officials.
The
burden
of
the
tax
was
imposed
on
agrarians
and
forced
labor
(known
as
Vishti)
in
the
form
of
land
tax,
donation
of
cereals,
gold,
flower,
milk.
Sol
164.
Gautamiputra
Satakarni:
He
was
the
23rd
ruler
of
the
Satavahana
dynasty.
His
achievements
have
been
mentioned
in
the
Nasik
Inscription,
by
his
mother
Gautami.
He defeated
the
Saka
King
Nahapana and
revived
the Satavahana
power.
Sol
165.
The
correct
answer
is
Ibrahim
Adil
Shah
II.
Key
Points
Ibrahim
Adil
Shah
II
was
king
of
the
Bijapur
Sultanate.
He
was
a
member
of
the
Adil
Shahi
dynasty.
He
had
the
title
of
‘Abla
Baba’
(friend
of
the
poor)
of
the
Deccan.
He
had
a
title
called
‘Jagadguru
Badshah’
Adil
Shahi
dynasty
had
its
greatest
period
Under
his
reign.
He
ruled
the
dynasty
from
1580
to
1626.
He
was
an
expert
in
Indian
music
and
author
of
a
book
on
this
subject,
Nauras-nama.
He
renovated
Dutta
temples
in
his
fort
and
encouraged
pooja
rituals.
He
worked
for
the
cultural
harmony
of
Hindu-Muslim.
He
wrote
a
book
called
‘Kitab-e-Navaras’
and
tried
to
make
music
popular
among
Muslims.
‘Ibrahim
Rauza’
which
is
famous
for
its
architecture
was
built
by
Ibrahim
Adil
Shah
II.
Additional
Information
Ali
Adil
Shah
I
was
the
fifth
Sultan
of
Bijapur
Sultanate.
He
established
diplomatic
relations
with
the
Mughal
Emperor
Akbar
and
envoys
were
exchanged.
Mir
Jumla
II
was
a
prominent
subahdar
of
Bengal
under
Aurangzeb.
He
invaded
the
Ahom
kingdom
in
January
1662.
Ibrahim
Qutb
Shah
was
the
fourth
ruler
of
the
kingdom
of
Golconda.
He
was
the
first
of
the
Qutb
Shahi
dynasty
to
use
the
title
"Sultan".
Sol
166.
The
verse
is
–
“11.
When
they
divided
Purusa
how
many
portions
did
they
make?

What
do
they
call
his
mouth,
his
arms?
What
do
they
call
his
thighs
and
feet?

12.
The
Brahman
was
his
mouth,
of
both
his
arms
was
the
Rajanya
made.

His
thighs
became
the
Vaishya,
from
his
feet
the
Shudra
was
produced.
"
The
Purusha
here
refers
to
the
ever
omniscient,
omnipotent,
Supreme
Being.
LEVEL
3 167
-
249
Questions
Sol
167.
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 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

Shatapatha
Brahmana
is
the
oldest
and
the
largest It
is
situated
in
the
Fatehabad
district
and
dated
to
757-
Brahmana
in
the
Vedic
literature. 6200
BC.
Brahmanas
explain
the
hymns
of
the
Vedas. Rakhigarhi,
situated
close
to
Bhirrama
is
the
largest
They
are
mainly
written
in
prose
and
are
ritualistic
in Harappan
site
in
the
world.
nature.
Shatapatha
Brahmana
is
attached
to
the
Yajur
Veda Sol
172.
whereas
Aitareya
and
Sankhyan
Brahmana
is
attached
to The
correct
answer
is
option
1)
i.e.
Askini.
the
Rig
Veda. Modern-day
name Rigvedic
Name
Gopatha
Brahmana
is
attached
to
the
Atharva
Veda.
Chenab Askani
Sol
168. Ravi Purushni

Jhelum Vitasta
The
Gupta
Era
(320
AD-
550
AD)
considered
to
be
the
golden
era
of
India
in
terms
of
Art,
Literature,
Astronomy, Beas Vipasha
Medical
science
etc.
Sushruta
is
known
for
his
work
on
medicine
during
the Sol
173.
Gupta
period.
About
Sushruta: The Kathasaritsagara is
also
known
as
Ocean
of
the
Sushruta
is
known
for
his
work
on
medicine
during Streams
of
Stories is
a
famous
11th-century
collection
of
the
Gupta
period. Sushruta was
the
first
Indian Indian
legends,
fairy
tales
and
folk
tales
as
retold
in
surgeon. Sanskrit
by Somadeva. 
The
Sushruta
Samhita
is
a
Sanskrit
text
on
surgery. While
the
Kathasaritsagara
itself
is
a
compilation
of
  many
stories
and
legends,
there
is
a
great
emphasis
on
the
story
of
Udayana
and
his
son.
Sol
169.
The
correct
answer
is
Samundra
Gupta. Sol
174.
The
correct
answer
is
option
3)
i.e.
Brihadaranayaka.
Samudra
Gupta
court
poet
and
minister
Harisena Upanishad
Name Important
notes
composed
the
Allahabad
pillar
Inscription
or
Prayag
Prasasti. Brihadaranayaka(The Yagnavalkya-Maitreyi
dialogue
and
the
idea
oldest
Upanishad) of
Rebirth
is
taken
from
this
Upanishad.
The
Pillar
was
an
Asokan
Pillar
erected
by
Asoka
six
centuries
before
him. Chandogya This
teaches
the
doctrine
of
cosmic
self
This
Inscription
is
a
eulogy
of
Samudra
Gupta
and
"Satyamev
Jayate",
the
national
motto
of
mentions
the
conquests
of
Samudra
Gupta
and
the Mundaka
India
taken
from
this
Upanishad.
boundaries
of
the
Gupta
Empire.
As
per
this
inscription,
Samudra
Gupta
defeated
9
kings
Sol
175.
in
the
North,
12
Kings
in
the
South,
reduced
all
the
Atavika
The
correct
answer
is
Udayin.
states
to
vassalage.
Allahabad
Prasasti,
composed
by
Harishena,
does
not
bear
any
date
and
for
this
reason,
historians
have
presumed
that
it
was
composed
probably
before
the
Ashwamedha
Yajna
performed
by
Samudragupta.
They
have
opined
this
on
the
basis
that
there
is
no
mention
of
the
Ashwamedha
Yajna
completed
by
Samudragupta.
The
Allahabad
Prasasti
was
originally
engraved
on
the
Ashokan
Pillar
in
Kausambhi
near
Allahabad.
Later
it
was
removed
to
the
Allahabad
fort.

Sol
170.
Eran:

It
is
an ancient
town
and
archaeological
site in Sagar
district
of
Madhya
Pradesh,
India.
It
was
one
of
the
ancient
mints
for
Indian
dynasties
as
evidenced
by
the
diverse
coins
excavated
here.
The
site
has
5th
and
6th-century
Gupta
era
temples
and
monuments,
particularly
the
colossal
stone
boar
with
sages
and
scholars
depicted
on
the
body
of
the
sculpture.
The inscription
stones
found
at
Eran are
important
to
reconstructing
the chronology
and
Gupta
Empire
history.

Sol
171.

Bhirrana is
considered
as
the
oldest
discovered
Indus
Valley
Civilization
site.
It
is
the
oldest
one
according
to
the
C-14
radio-dating
done
by
Archaeological
Survey
of
India.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

Name
of
the
Dynasty Important
details
Ruler
1.
He
was
the
founder
of
this
dynasty.
2.
Also
known
as
the
Shrenika.
3.
He
was
contemporary
of
Lord
Buddha.
4.
He
had
three
wives;
Kosaladevi,
daughter
of
the
king
of
Koshala
and
sister
of
Prasenjit.
Bimbisara(544 Chellana,
daughter
of
Lichahavi
Haryanka
-
492
BC
) ruler
Chetaka
and
Mother
of
Ajatashatru.
Khema,
daughter
of
Madra
of
Panjab.
5.When
the
ruler
of
Avanti,
Pradyota
suffered
from
Jaundice
he
sent
royal
physician
Jivaka.
1.
Killed
his
father
and
seized
the
throne.
2.
He
was
also
known
as
Kunika
and
Ashokachanda.
Ajatashatru 3.
He
defeated
his
maternal
uncle
Prasanjit
and
married
to
his
daughter
(492
-
460
BC Haryanka
Vajira.
) Daimabad,
Maharashtra.
4.
The
famous
weapons
Mahasilakantaka
and
Rathamusala
belonged
to
him.
5.
He
arranged
the
first
Buddhist
council
at
Rajgriha
after
the
death
of
Buddha.
1.
He
was
the
son
of
Ajatashatru.
Udayin(460
- 2.
He
made
Pataliputra
the
capital
of
Haryanka
444
BC) Magadha
and
also
built
a
fort
at
the
confluence
of
Ganges
and
son
at
Patna.
1.
Kalashoka
was
also
known
as
the
Kalashoka(394 Kakavarna.
Sishunaga
-
366
BC) 2.
The
second
Buddist
council
was
held
at
Vaishali
during
his
reign.
Sol
176.
V.A.Smith was not associated
with
the
excavations
of
Harappa
and
Mohan-jo-Daro
Mohenjo-Daro was
discovered
in
1922
by R.
D.
Banerji.
The northeastern
sector
of
Mohenjo-Daro was
excavated
by K.
N.
Dikshit.
M.S.
Vats was
an
Account
of
Archaeological
Excavations
at
Harappa
carried
out
between
the
Years
1920-1921
and
1933-34.
The
Junagadh
inscription

It
states
that
Skandagupta
became
"the
ruler
of
the
earth"
by
his
own
prowess.
This
suggests
that
Skandagupta
acquired
the
throne
using
force.
Skandagupta
issued
five
types
of
gold
coins:
Archer
type
King
and
queen
type
Chhatra
type
Lion-slayer
type
Horseman
type.
Skandagupt's
silver
coins
are
of
four
types:
Garuda
type
Bull
type
Altar
type
Madhyadesha
type
Skandagupta
revalued
his
currency,
switching
from
the
old
dinar
standard
to
a
new
Suvarna.
Sol
179.
A
sculpture
of
a
chariot
of
Harappa
times
was
found
at
Daimabad
is
an
archaeological
site
that
was
discovered
in
1958.
The
excavations
were
conducted
between
1976-79
here.
Lothal
is
an
ancient
Indus
site
situated
in
Gujarat.
Banawali
is
an
ancient
Harappan
site
situated
on
the
dry
river
bed
of
Saraswati.
Kalibangan,
which
means
black
bangles,
is
an
ancient
Indus
site
situated
in
Rajasthan.
Sol
180.
Dhamma-mahamatta was
a
group
of
officers
instituted
to
implement
and
publicize
the
various
aspects
of
Dhamma.
Ashoka
made
them
responsible
for
carrying
his
message
to
various
sections
of
society.
Later
they
became
very
powerful
and
started
interfering
with
state
politics.
Sol
181.
The
correct
answer
is Snake.
Key
Points

V.A.Smith was not associated
with
the
excavations
of Jainism
originated
in
the
7th–5th
century
BCE
in
the
Harappa
and
Mohan-jo-Daro Ganges
basin
of
eastern
India.
There
were
24
Tirthankaras
the
last
of
which
was
Sol
177. Vardhaman
Mahavira.
The
four
major
noble
truths
are The
founder
of
Jainism
was
Vardhaman
Mahavira
(539-
467
B.C.)
1.
 the
truth
of suffering
(Dukha), The
first
Tirthankar
was
Rishabhanatha
and
the
twenty-
2.
 the
truth
of
the origin
of
suffering
(Samudaya), fourth
Tirthankar
was
Mahavira.
3.
 the
truth
of
the cessation
of
suffering
(Nirodha), The
five
vows
of
Jainism
are:
4.
 the
truth
of
the path
to
the
cessation
of
suffering Ahimsa
(Non-violence)
(Magga). Satya
(truth)
Achaurya
or
Asteya
(non-stealing)
Sol
178. Brahmacharya
(Celibacy)
The
Correct
answer
is
Skandagupta. Aparigraha
(Non-attachment
to
temporal
Key
Points possessions)

Skandagupta
was
a
Gupta
Emperor
of
north
India. Sol
182.
Source The
correct
answer
is
Separate
Kalinga
Rock
Edict
I.
Bhitari
pillar
inscription
He
restored
the
Gupta
power
by
defeating
his
rebels
or Separate
Edicts:
They
were
found
at
sites
in
Kalinga.
foreign
invaders. Separate
Edict
I:
Asoka
declared
all
people
are
my
He
repulsed
an
invasion
by
the
Hunas. sons.

Additional
Information
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
Separate
Edict
II:
the
proclamation
of
edicts
even
to
a
single
person.
Key
Points
The
two
special
Rock
Edicts
were
inscribed
in
the
form
of
instructions
to
the
Mahamatras
to
be
impartial
and
conciliatory
to
the
people
and
promulgated
the
principles
on
which
Ashoka
sought
to
base
the
administration
of
Kalinga
and
its
bordering
tribes.
The
separate
Kalinga
Edicts,
in
fact,
are
meant
for
the
people
of
Kalinga
and
are
not
found
elsewhere.
In
the
separate
Kalinga
Edicts
Ashoka
also
enunciated
his
famous
doctrine
of
administration
i.e.
"All
men
are
my
children.
As
I
desire
for
my
children
that
they
all
should
enjoy
bliss
and
happiness
in
this
world
and
next,
the
same
I
desire
also
for
all
my
men".
Sol
183.
Punch-marked
coins,
mostly
made
of
silver,
were
found
abundantly
in
Bihar.
They
were
found
in
Golakpur
in
Patna
town,
on
Purnea
and
other
places.
The
Kushan
coins
have
been
unearthed
in
Buxer
which
shows
the
extent
of
the
Kushan
empire.
Sol
184.
The
correct
answer
is
the
Jain
philosophy.
Key
Points
Explanation:
Samadhi
Maran
or
sallekhana
is
embracing
death
voluntarily
when
both
householders
and
ascetics
foresee
that
the
end
of
life
is
very
near
either
due
to
old
age,
incurable
disease,
severe
famine,
etc.
It
is
a
supplementary
vow
under
the
ethical
code
of
conduct
of
Jainism.
It
is
a
practice
of
voluntarily
fasting
to
death
by
gradually
reducing
food
intake
into
the
body.
Sol
185.
The
Chandogya
Brahmana
is
related
to
Sam
Veda.
The
Brahmanas
are
a
section
in
the
Vedas
and
were
said
to
be
mostly
written
in
1400-1200
BC.
The
second
Brahmana
of
the
Sama
Veda
is
called
the
Chandogya
Brahmana.
It
is
one
of
the
oldest
Upanishads.
It
lists
as
number
9
in
the
Muktika
canon
of
108
Upanishads.
The
Upanishad
belongs
to
the
Tandya
school
of
the
Sam
veda.
The
name
of
the
Upanishad
is
derived
from
the
word
Chanda
or
chandas,
which
means
"poetic
meter,
prosody".
Sol
186.
The
correct
answer
is
option
2
i.e.,
Buddhism.
'Kalchakra'
ceremony
is
associated
with
Buddhism
religions.
'Kalchakra'
is
the
name
of
the
foundational
Buddhist
tantric
treatise
of
this
tradition,
composed
in
Sanskrit.
It
was
later
translated
into
Tibetan.
The
original
Sanskrit
texts
of
the
Kālacakra
tradition
"originated
during
the
early
decades
of
the
11th
century.
The
most
important
texts
of
this
tradition
include
the
Kalacakratantra.
The
expository
commentary
on
it
called
Vimalaprabha.
Ancient
History
Sol
187.
Chandragupta I
was
the
first
ruler
of
the
Gupta
dynasty
to
adopt
the title
of
Maharajadhiraja.
Chandragupta
I
was
a son
of
the
Gupta
king
Ghatotkacha,
and
a grandson
of
the
dynasty's
founder
Gupta,
both
of
whom
are
called
Maharaja
in
the Allahabad
Pillar
inscription.
He
was
also the father
of
Samudragupta,
his
next
successor.
Sol
188.
The
leader
of
a
Jain
gana
was
known
as
Ganadhar.
In
Jainism,
the
term
Gandhara
is
used
to
refer
to
the chief
disciple
of
a
Tirthankara.
In
samavasarana,
the
Tirthankara
sat
on
a
throne
without
touching
it.
Around
the
Tīrthankara, sits
the
Ganadharas.
Sol
189.
The Mahabodhi
Vihar located
in
the Gaya
district
of
Bihar is
the
only UNESCO
World
Heritage
Site from
the
state.
It
is
a Buddhist
temple
in
Bodh
Gaya,
marking
the
location
where
the
Buddha,
is
said
to
have
attained
enlightenment.
Sol
190.
Mesolithic
Age
Mesolithic
Age
falls
roughly
from 9000
B.C.
to
4000
B.C.
It
was
the
transitional
phase
between
the
Paleolithic
Age
and
Neolithic
Age.
Although
Mesolithic
men
were
still
dependent
largely
on
hunting, now
they
used
began taming
the
animals like
dogs,
sheep,
goats,
cow-ox,
buffalo,
wild
horse,
etc.
The
earliest
evidence
of
the
taming
of
animals
was found
from Adamgarh
of
Madhya
Pradesh and Baghore
of
Rajasthan.
They
are
Mesolithic
sites.
Sol
191.
The
correct
answer
is
option
[3]
i.e
Dholavira
The
Indus
Valley
Civilization
was
spread
from
present-day
North-East
Afghanistan
to
Pakistan
and
North-West
India.
The
civilization
flourished
in
the
river
basins
of
the
Ghaggar-Hakra
river
and
the
Indus.
Indus
valley
civilization
is
one
of
the
four
oldest
civilizations
in
the
world.
It
is
also
known
as
Harappan
Civilization
and
is
well-known
for
its
organized
planning
based
on
the
grid
system.
Important
facts
to
be
remembered
John
Marshall
was
the
first
researcher
to
use
the
term,
‘Indus
Valley
Civilization’.
According
to
radiocarbon-dating,
Indus
Valley
Civilization
spread
from
the
year
2500
–
1750
BC.
The
most
distinctive
feature
of
the
Harappan
Civilization
was
its
urbanization.
Moreover,
sheep
and
goats,
dogs,
humped
cattle
buffalo,
and
elephants
were
domesticated
in
the
Indus
Valley
Civilization.
The
capital
cities
are
Mohenjodaro
and
Harappa.
The
port
cities
are
Sutkagendor,
Balakot,
Lothal,
Allahdino,
and
Kuntasi.
The
Indus
valley
people
were
well-acquainted
with
the
use
of
both
cotton
and
wool.
Name
of
the
major
cities
are
given
below:
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
Mohenjodaro
(Sind)-It
is
located
on
the
right
bank
of
the
Indus.
Kalibangan
(Rajasthan)-It
was
on
the
banks
of
the
river
Ghaggar
river
Chanhudaro-It
lies
on
the
left
bank
of
the
Indus
in
the
south
of
Mohenjodaro.
Lothal-
It
is
located
at
the
head
of
the
Gulf
of
Cambay.
Surkotada
(Gujarat)-It
is
at
the
head
of
the
Rann
of
Kutch.
Banawali
(Haryana)-It
was
situated
on
the
banks
of
the
now-extinct
Sarasvati
Dholavira
(Gujarat)-It
excavated
is
in
the
Kutch
district
Sol
192.
Some
important features of
architecture
in
the
Indus
Valley
Civilization
:
Urban
Cities-Remarkable
town
planning,
and
an
excellent
system
of
drainage
and
sanitation.
Large
cities
were
divided
into
two
parts-The
‘Citadel’
mound
built
on
the
high
podium
of
mud-brick
to
the
west.
The
town
to
the
east
was
the
main
hub
of
the
residential
area,
which
was
also
surrounded
by
a
massive
brick
wall.
Streets-Fine
drainage
system,
Well-arranged
water
supply
system,
The
street
lights
system,
Watch
and
ward
arrangement
during
the
night
to
oust
the
lawbreakers,
Particular
places
to
throw
thrash
and
waste
material,
Public
wells
in
every
street,
Well
in
every
house,
Main
streets
varying
for
9
feet
to
as
wide
as
30-34
feet
and
were
divided
into
networks
of
narrow
lanes
with
great
skills
of
dividing
the
cities.
Building
Materials-No
stone-built
house
in
the
Indus
cities
and
the
staircases
of
big
buildings
were
solid;
the
roofs
were
flat
and
were
made
of
wood.
Material
used-Burnt
bricks
and
Sun-dried
bricks
Sol
193.
There
are
a
total
eight
forms
of
Marriages
given
in
Manusmriti.
NCERT
Class
12th
mentions
four
of
these
eight
marriage
forms.
These
are
-
First:
The
gift
of
a
daughter,
after
dressing
her
in
costly
clothes
and
honouring
her
with
presents
of
jewels,
to
a
man
learned
in
the
Veda
whom
the
father
himself
invites.
Fourth:
The
gift
of
a
daughter
by
the
father
after
he
has
addressed
the
couple
with
the
text,
“May
both
of
you
perform
your
duties
together”,
and
has
shown
honour
to
the
bridegroom.
Fifth:
When
the
bridegroom
receives
a
maiden,
after
having
given
as
much
wealth
as
he
can
afford
to
the
kinsmen
and
to
the
bride
herself,
according
to
his
own
will.
Sixth:
The
voluntary
union
of
a
maiden
and
her
lover
which
springs
from
desire.
Sol
194.
The
correct
answer
is
Nimi
Videh.
Videha
Kingdom
was
started
by
the
Nimi
Videh.
Nimi
Videh
was
Ishkvaku's
son.
It
was
mentioned
in
Yajurveda.
Goddess
Sita
was
princess
of
this
kingdom,
she
was
daughter
of
King
Janak
of
Videha.
Janakpur
was
its
capital.
Sol
195.
Ancient
History
Rig
Veda
was
composed
in
the
Early
Vedic
Age.
It
was
between
1500
BC
–
1000
BC.
There
are
four
Vedas
Rig,
Yajur,
Sama
and
Atharva.
The
other
three
were
written
in
the
Later
Vedic
Age.
Later
Vedic
Period
was
between
1000
BC
–
600
BC.
The
Pre-historic
period
refers
to
the
time
when
there
was
no
writing
and
development
or
there
is
no
evidence
of
writing.
Sol
196.
Option
1
is
NOT
correct,
i.e. Women
gained
significant
political
privileges
during
the
later
Vedic
period.
Unlike
the
Early
Vedic
Period
(Rig
Vedic
Period),
the
Later
Vedic
Period
wasn't
as
liberal
to
women's
rights.
There
was
no
improvement
in
the
status
of
women.
They
were
still
considered
inferior
and
subordinate
to
men.
Women
also
lost
their
political
rights
of
attending
assemblies.
Hence,
Option
1
is
NOT
correct.
Later
Vedic
people
were
familiar
with
the
sea
and
they
traded
with
countries
like
Babylon.
A
class
of
hereditary
merchants
(vaniya)
came
into
existence.
Vaisyas
also
carried
on
trade
and
commerce.
They
organized
themselves
into
guilds
known
as
ganas.
Besides
nishka
of
the
Rig
Vedic
period,
gold
and
silver
coins
like
satamana
and
krishnala
were
used
as
media
of
exchange.
Child
marriages
were
very
common
during
this
time.
According
to
Aitreya
Brahmana,
a
daughter
has
been
described
as
a
source
of
misery.
Sol
197.
The
correct
answer
is
the
Saraswati
river.
Key
Points
Saraswati
river
is
also
called
Naditarna
or
the
best
rivers
of
Rig
Veda,
is
identified
with
Ghaggar-Hakra
channel
in
Haryana
and
Rajasthan.
Some
rivers
of
Afghanistan
river
Kumbha
and
the
river
Indus
or
Sindhu
and
its
five
main
branches
are
mentioned
in
the
Rig
Veda.
Sindhu
river
is
river
par
excellence
of
mentioned
most
number
of
times
in
Rigveda.
The
river
Ganges
is
also
mentioned
number
of
times
in
the
Rigveda
Samhita.
Sol
198.
The
caste-system
during
the
early
Vedic
age
did
not
prohibit Inter
caste
dining
and Inter-caste
marriages.
The
period
between
1500
B.C
and
1000
B.C
can be
divided
into
the
Early
Vedic
Period.
The
period
between
1000
B.C
and
600
B.C
known
as
the Later
Vedic
Period.
Sol
199.
The
correct
answer
is
Yajurveda.
The
early
occurrence
of
iron
in
India
is
reported
from
a
number
of
sites
in
association
with
different
chronological
and
cultural
phases.
The
important
sites
in
north
India
are
Ahichchhatra
in
district
Bareilly,
Jakhera
and
Atranjikhera
in
district
Etah,
Hastinapura
in
district
Meerut
and
Kausambi
in
district
Kausambi.
The
terms
krishna-ayas,
shyama,
and
shyama-ayas
(the
black
or
dark
metal)
in
the
Yajur
Veda
and
Atharva
Veda
clearly
refer
to
this
metal.
Key
Points
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

Yajurveda:- Sites Features

“Yajus”
means
“sacrificial
formula”
and
Yajurveda
is
the
book
of
sacrificial
prayers.
Evidence
of
double
burial
It
compiles
ritual-offering
Mantras/chants. Remains
of
Rice
Husk
It
has
two
types:- Lothal Evidence
of
terracotta
figurine
of
a
horse
1.
Krishna
Yajurveda Dockyard
2.
Shukla
Yajurveda Terracotta
model
of
a
ship
The
term
Krishna-ayas,
Shyama,
and
Shyama-
ayas
as
in
the
Yajur
Veda
and
Atharva
Veda
are
believed
to
be
the
early
names
of
iron.
Hence, Evidence
of
furrowed
land
option
3
is
correct. Evidence
of
wooden
furrow
Kalibangan
Evidence
of
seven
fire
altars
Sol
200. Ploughed
field
surface
The
Correct
Answer
is
Mathura.

The
Kingdom
of
Surasena
was
an
ancient
Indian
region Bones
of
horse
corresponding
to
the
present-day
Braj
region
in
Uttar Oval
grave
Surkotada
Pradesh. Pot
burials
The
Capital
of
Surasena
was
Mathura. Bead
making
shops
Buddhist
text
Anguttara
Nikaya,
Surasena
states
that
it
was
one
of
the
sixteen
Mahajanapadas.
Great
bath
Important
Points Great
granary
The
sixteen
Mahajanapadas
are
as
follows: Mohenjodaro Assembly
hall
Steatite
image
of
bearded
man
1.
Kasi Seal
of
Pashupati
2.
Kosala
3.
Anga
4.
Magadha A
unique
water
management
system
Dholavira
5.
Vaji Only
site
to
be
divided
into
3
parts
6.
Malla
7.
Ched
8.
Kuru Sol
202.
9.
Vatsa The
correct
answer
is
option
4
10.
Panchala
11.
Matsya Gargi,
Maitreya,
and
Lopamudra
were
the
prominent
12.
Surasena female
philosophers
of
the
Vedic
Age.
13.
Assaka Gargi,
the
daughter
of
sage
Vachaknu
and
she
was
a
14.
Avanti great
scholar
of
Vedic
time.
15.
Gandhara Lopamudra,
the
wife
of
Agasti
Rishi
composed
two
verses
16.
Kamboja of
Rig
Veda.
Maitreya
the
daughter
of
the
sage
Maitri.
Sol
201. Sage
Maitri
lived
in
the
Kingdom
of
the
Videhas
in
The
Correct
Answer
is
Option
1
i.e
Lothal. Mithila.
"Mithila"
is
present
in
the
Bihar
and
its
native
language
is
Indus
valley
civilization: Maithili.
Indus
cities
were
planned
on
a
grid
pattern
where
roads
always
intersected
at
90
degrees. Sol
203.
Most
remarkable
aspect
was
central
drainage
system The
correct
answer
is
Option
1,
i.e
Cow.
which
was
fully
covered
and
connected
with
bathrooms.
Significant
feature
of
Indus
valley
people
is
they
burnt Cow,
camel,
horse,
and
lion
were
not
depicted
on
seals.
brick
buildings. Unicorn
(bull)
was
the
animal
most
commonly
Bronze
sculpture
of
dancing
girl
is
called
as
master
piece represented
on
the
seals.
of
Indus
Valley
civilization. In
fact,
horse
was
an
animal
that
was
unknown
to
the
Seals
and
Sealings
were
made
up
of
Steatite
in Harappan
Civilization.
rectangular
and
circular
shapes. Domestication
of
animals
was
an
important
phenomenon
which
can
be
seen
in
the
civilization.
Key
Points
Sol
204.
The
Purusharthas
or
the
four
aims
of
life
are
Dharma,
Artha,
Kama,
and
moksh.

Dharma
means
duty
or
ethics,
Artha
is
prosperity
and
wealth,
Kama
means
pleasure
or
sensual
gratification,
Moksha
is
the
pursuit
of
liberation.
The
pursharthas
are
the
blueprint
for
the
human
fulfillment.

Sol
205.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

The Buddhist
text
Majjhima
Nikaya
mentions
Begusarai
as The
founder
of
the Satavahana
Anguttarapa. dynasty was Simuka. Hence,
Option
1
is
correct.
He
was
succeeded
by Krishna,
who
extended
the
The Majjhima
Nikaya is
a Buddhist scripture,
the
second kingdom
up
to
Nasik
in
the
west.
of
the
five nikayas,
or
collections,
in
the Sutta
Pitaka,
which
is
one
of
the
"three
baskets"
that
compose
the Sol
213.
Theravadan. Cholas

Sol
206. Emblem:
Tiger

The
Bhagavad
Gita
is
extracted
from Bhishma
Parva of Cheras
Mahabharata.
There
is
a
total
of 18
Parvas in Mahabharat. Emblem: bow
and
arrow.
It
is
a 700
verse
Hindu
scripture in
the Sanskrit
language.
Pandyas
The
Mahabharata
was
written
by Ved
Vyasa.
Emblem: Fish.
Sol
207.
The
Vedic
deity
Indra
for
to
end
evils
was
known
as
great Sol
214.
Warriors.
The
correct
answer
is
option
3,
i.e.
Chandragupta
II.
Indra
- The
lord
of
the
heavens, the
god
of
thunder, rain Name
of
the
Gupta
Kings Name
of
the
Inscription
and a
great
warrior. Allahabad
Prasasti,
Eran
stone
Pillar,
Indra's
Vahan
is
a
white
elephant
(Airavata) and
has
a Samudragupta Nalanda
Copper
Plate,
Gaya
Copper
weapon Vajra. Plate

Chandragupta
II Mehrauli
Iron
Pillar
Sol
208.
Kumaragupta
I(Issued
Valsad,
Mankunwar,
Mathura,
Sanchi,
Nibbana
(Nirvana): The
ultimate
goal
of
the
Buddha's largest
number
of
Udaygiri
cave,
Tumain,
Bagram,
etc
teaching
was
the
attainment
of
Nibbana.
This
was
not
a Inscription)
place
but
an
experience
and
could
be
attained
in
this
life.
Junagarh
Rock,
Indore
Copper
Plate,
Nirvana
means
the
shedding
of
all
desires
and
ending
of Skandagupta
Bhitari
Pillar,
Kahaum,
Supia
sufferings,
which
finally
leads
to
freedom
from
rebirth.
Buddhagupta Paharpur
Copper
Plate
Sol
209.
 Banawali. Sol
215.
The
correct
answer
is
option
4
i.e.
Adinath.
This
site
has
evidence
of
all
the
three-phases
of
Harappan
civilization
-
early,
mature
and
late. Jain
Kirti
Stambh
and
Vijay
Stambh
both
are
situated
in
Banawali
was
divided
into
a
citadel
and
a
lower
town. Chittorgarh
(Rajasthan).
The
whole
structure
was
fortified. The
height
of
the
Jain
Kirti
Stambh
is
22m
and
it
has
7
Terracotta
model
of
the
plough
was
found
here. floors.
High-quality
barley
has
been
found
in
Banawali It
was
constructed
by
Bhagerwal
Jain
Vyapari
Jijaji
excavations. Kathod
in
12th
century.
Rishabhanatha
was
the
first
Tirthankara
of
Jainism.

Sol
210.

Key
PointsTirthankar:
The
Samhitas contain
a
collection
of mantras,
prayers,
and
hymns
to
God. A
Tirthankar
is
referred
to
as
‘teaching
god’
or
‘Ford
The
hymns
portion
of
the
Vedas
is
called
Samhitas,
it
is Maker’
in
Jainism.
also
part
of
the
Vedas. In
Jainism,
it
is
believed
that
each
cosmic
age
produces
Its
total
number
of four - (1) Rigveda 24
Tirthankaras.
Samhitas, (2) Samaveda
Samhitas (3) Yajurveda The
Tirthankaras
in
the
art
are
shown
in
the
Kayotsarga
Samhitas, (4) Atharvaveda
Samhitas pose
(dismissing
the
body).
The
24
Tirthankaras
are
distinguished
from
each
other
by
Sol
211. the
symbolic
colours
or
emblems.

Pandyas occupied
the
districts
of
Madurai
and
Tinnevelly with
portions
of
South
Travancore
after
the
decline
of
the
Maurya
Empire.
It
had
its capital
at
Madurai which
is
situated
on
the
banks
of
the Vaigai
river.
The
Flag
of
Pandya consisted
of
a single
fish
or
twin
fish.
The earliest
known
Pandyan
ruler was Mudukudumi.
The greatest
Pandya
king was Nendujelian.
Additional
Information
Rishabhanatha
was
the
first
Jain
Tirthankara.
Ajitnath
was
the
second
Jain
Tirthankara.
Sumatinath
was
the
fifth
Jain
Tirthankara.
Abhinandananatha
was
the
fourth
Jain
Tirthankara.
Parshwanath
was
the
23rd
Jain
Tirthankara.
Mahavira
was
the
24th
Jain
Tirthankara.

Sol
212. Sol
216.
The Indo-Greek
Kingdom,
or
the Graeco-Indian
Kingdom,
known
They patronized the Prakrit
language. Hence,
Option
3
is historically
as
the Yavana
Kingdom (Yavanarajya),was
NOT
correct. a Hellenistic kingdom
covering
various
parts
of Afghanistan and
the
northwest
regions
of
the Indian
subcontinent (parts
of
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
modern Pakistan and
northwestern India), which
existed
during
the
last
two
centuries
BC
and
was
ruled
by
over
30
kings, Menander,
being
the
most
illustrious
and
successful.
Sol
217.
The Kandariya
Mahadev
Temple located
at
Khajuraho
was
built
by Dhangadev. 
Kandariya
Mahadev
Temple is
basically
a Shiva
temple. Whose construction
period
is
999
AD.
The
temples
are
renowned
for
the
architectural
symbolism
of
their nagara-style
and
their
erotic
sculptures.
The
Khajuraho
Group
of
Monuments
is
a
group
of Hindu
temples
and
Jain
temples
located
in
the
Chhatarpur
district
of
Madhya
Pradesh.
Sol
218.
The
correct
answer
is
Right
Faith,
Right
Knowledge,
and
Right
Conduct.
Key
Points
Tri-Ratnas
are
also
called
Threefold
Refuge
or
Ratnatraya
which
are
originally
Samyak
Darshana(right
faith),
Samyak
Gyana(right
knowledge),
and
Samyak
Charitra(right
conduct).
According
to
the
Jain
Philosophy,
the
Threefold
Jewels
or
the
Tri-Ratnas
are
the
ways
to
achieve
the
purification
of
soul
and
liberation
because
only
the
liberated
pure
soul
(Siddha)
goes
up
to
the
summit
of
the
universe
(Siddhashila)
and
dwells
there
in
eternal
bliss.
As
per
the
religious
texts
of
Jainism,
the
right
faith,
right
knowledge,
and
right
conduct
together
constitute
the
direct
path
to
liberation
which
means
the
perfect
release
from
all
karmas.
The
Kalpa
Sutra
is
the
Jain
text
containing
the
biographies
of
the
Jain
Tirthankaras,
most
notably
Parshvanath
and
Mahavira.
Kalpa
Sutra
was
written
by
Bhadrabahu
who
was
in
the
court
of
Chandragupta
Maurya.

Important
Points
The
first
Tirthankara
of
Jainism
was
Rishabhdev
and
he
is
also
known
as
Rishabhanatha
and
Adinatha.
Lord
Mahavira
was
the
24th
Tirthankara
of
Jainism
and
regarded
as
the
true
founder
of
Jainism.
Parshvanath
was
the
23rd
Tirthankara
of
Jainism.

Additional
Information
Three
Jewels
(Triratnas)
of
Buddhism
are:
Buddha
Dhamma
Sangha
Sol
219.
During
the
Gupta
Period,
gold
coins
were
called
Dinaras.
Sol
220.
The
correct
answer
is
option
3,
i.e
There
is
no
concept
of
Bodhisattvas
in
Hinayana
sect.
Hinayana
follows
the
original
teaching
of
Buddha.
It
is
more
of
an
orthodox
school.
It
means
the
lesser
vehicle.
Hence,
option
1
is
not
correct.
They
did
not
believe
in
idol
or
image
worship
of
Buddha.
Hence,
option
2
is
not
correct.
Ancient
History
The
ultimate
aim
of
Hinayana
is
thus
nirvana(salvation).
They
believe
in
individual
salvation
and
try
to
attain
individual
salvation
through
self
discipline
and
meditation.
Mahayana
sect
worships
the
bodhisattvas
and
read
the
Mahayana
sutras
while
Hinayanists
do
not
perform
these.
Hence,
option
3
is
correct.
The
Hinayana
scholars
used
Pali
language
to
interact
with
the
masses.
Hence,
option
4
is
not
correct.
Sol
221.
The
correct
answer
is
option
2,
i.e.
Chandragupta
Maurya.
Justin,
the
Greek
writer
of
“Epitome”
had
mentioned
Chandragupta
Maurya
as
Sandrocottus.
It
was
identified
by
William
Jones.
Justin
mentioned
that
Chandragupta
Maurya
had
visited
Alexander’s
court.
Ashoka
is
mentioned
as
Piyadasi
in
many
of
his
inscriptions.
Bindusara
was
known
as
“Amitro
Chates”
to
the
Greeks.
Kunala
was
the
son
of
Ashoka.
Sol
222.
The
correct
answer
is
Ilango
Adigal.
Key
Points
Silappadikaram
is
a
literary
work
in
Tamil.
It
is
held
in
high
regard
by
the
Tamil
people.
It
is
written
by
Ilango
Adigal.
He
was
a
prince.
In
the
epic
we
get
to
know
about
Kannagi,
who
having
lost
her
husband
to
a
miscarriage
of
justice
at
the
court
of
the
Pandyan
Dynasty,
wreaks
her
revenge
on
his
kingdom.
Sol
223.
Kamandaka’s
Nitisara
is
based
on
Kautilya’s
Arthashastra.
This
book
was
written
during
the
Gupta
Period.
It
depicts
the
political
life,
diplomacy,
and
statecraft
in
ancient
times
in
India.
Sol
224.
Achaurya
or
Asteya
(non-stealing)
: Not
to
steal 
which
does
not
belong
to
oneself
is
called Achauryanuvrata.
One
is
true
to
his
belonging
and
does
not
take
anything
by
mistake
or
intentionally. 
Jainism
which
is
also
known
as
Jain
Dharma
is
an
ancient
Indian
Religion.
Sol
225.
The
correct
answer
is
option
2
i.e.
Prabhakara
Vardhana
Prabhakara
Vardhana
defeated
the
Gurjaras
and
extended
his
control
over
neighboring
states.
He
belonged
to
the
Pushyabhuti
family.
Around
606
CE
Harshvardhan
ascended
the
Throne
and
ruled
till
647
CE.
Sol
226.
Krishneshwara
Temple at Rameshwaram was
built
by Krishna
III of the
Rashtrakuta
dynasty.
Krishna
III ruled
from 936-968
AD and
was
famous
for
his
expeditions.
He
defeated
the Cholas
at
Takkolam.
Sol
227.
Nishka
was
the
Gold
coin
of
Mauryans.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

The
official
currency
of
Mauryans
was
Pan. Panyaadhyaksha Superintendent
of
Commerce

Pan
was
made
up
of
silver
and
equivalent
to
¾
tola.
Samasthadhyaksha Superintendent
of
Market
The
Arthashastra,
written
by
Kautilya,
mentions
the
minting
of
coins
during
the
Mauryan
period. Pauthavadhyaksha Superintendent
of
weight
and
measures
The
Gupta
Dynasty
is
considered
the
golden
age
in
Navadhyaksha Superintendent
of
Ships
Indian
history.
The
Silver
coins
of
the
Gupta
period
are
known
as Sulkadhyaksha Collector
of
tolls
Rupaka. Akaradhyaksha Superintendent
of
Mines
The
Kushana
Dynasty
came
up
with
a
revolution
in
the
coinage
of
the
country. Sol
233.
Silver
coins
of
Harsha
are
known
as
Drachma.
In
Hinduism,
lokapāla
refers
to
the
Guardians
of
the
Sol
228.
Directions
associated
with
the
eight,
nine
and
ten
cardinal
directions.
Angāgama-text
of
Jains
based
on
the
discourse
of
In
Buddhism,
lokapāla
refers
to
the
Four
Heavenly
Kings,
Tirthankara
and
to
other
protector
spirits,
whereas
the
Guardians
of
12
such
text :
the
Directions
are
referred
to
as
the
'dikpāla.
Guardians
of
four
directions
Acharanga
Sutra Sutrakritanga Sthananga
Sutra

Samavayanga
Sutra Vyākhyāprajñapti Jnatrdharmakathah 1.
Kubera
(North)

2.
Yama
(South)
Upasakadasah Antakrddaasah Anuttaraupapātikadaśāh 3.
Indra
(East)
Prasnavyakaranani Vipakasruta Drstivada (now
extinct) 4.
Varuṇa
(West)
Sol
229. Sol
234.
Milinda
panha:  Dhanvantari
was
one
of
the
Navratnas
of
King
Vikramaditya
(Chandragupta
II)
of
Ujjayini.
It
is
the
composition
of
dialogues
between
the
Buddhist
monk Nagasena and
King Milinda. Sol
235.
Milinda
panha
refers
to
"Questions
of
Milinda".
It
is The
correct
answer
is
Patliputra.
written
in
the
Pali
language.
The
First
Jain
assembly
was
held
in
300
BC
at
Patliputra
Abhidharmamoksha: (present
Patna).

It
is
written
in
the
Sanskrit
language
by Vasubandhu.
It
consists
of
discussions
about Abhidharma.
Mahavamsa:
It
is
a
poem
written
in
the
Pali
language.
It
consists
of
information
about
the spread
of
Buddhism.
It
was
written
during
the
reign
of
King Vijaya.
Sol
230.
Ashikani
is
the
Rigvedic
Name
of
Chenab.
Traditionally
it
is
also
known
as
the
Chandrabhaga
River.
Chenab
river
originates
from
Baralacha
La
pass
Vitasta
is
the
Rigvedic
name
of
Jhelum.
Parushni
is
the
Rigvedic
name
of
Ravi.
Vipas
is
the
Rigvedic
name
of
Beas.
Sol
231.
The
Mehrauli
Iron
Pillar
located
near
the
Qutub
Minar
belongs
to
the
period
of Chandragupta
Vikramaditya.
The
Iron
pillar
of
Delhi
(Mehrauli
Iron
Pillar)
is 7.2
m
which
is
equal
to
23
ft
and
8
inches.
It
is
also
known
as Kirti
Stambha.
Sol
232.
The
Correct
Answer
is
Option
3
i.e
Superintendent
of
tolls.
In
the
Mauryan
Municipal
administration,
the
term
Sulkadhyaksha
is
a
Collector
of
tolls.
Key
Points
This
meeting
took
place
during
the
reign
of
Chandragupta
Maurya.
This
meeting
took
place
under
the
chairmanship
of
Sthoolabhadr.
In
this
part
of
the
body
of
Jainism,
12
parts
were
edited.
In
the
first
Jain
assembly,
the
Jain
religion
was
divided
into
two
parts
Digambar
and
Shwetambar.

Tirthankar:
A
Tirthankar
is
referred
to
as
‘teaching
god’
or
‘Ford
Maker’
in
Jainism.
In
Jainism,
it
is
believed
that
each
cosmic
age
produces
24
Tirthankaras.
The
Tirthankaras
in
the
art
are
shown
in
the
Kayotsarga
pose
(dismissing
the
body).
The
24
Tirthankaras
are
distinguished
from
each
other
by
the
symbolic
colours
or
emblems.
Additional
Information
Rishabhanatha
was
the
first
Jain
Tirthankara.
Ajitnath
was
the
second
Jain
Tirthankara.
Sumatinath
was
the
fifth
Jain
Tirthankara.
Abhinandananatha
was
the
fourth
Jain
Tirthankara.
Parshwanath
was
the
23rd
Jain
Tirthankara.
Mahavira
was
the
24th
Jain
Tirthankara.
Sol
236.

After
the
death
of
Buddha,
his
teachings
were
compiled
by
his
disciples
at
a
council
of
“elders”
or
senior
monks
at
Vesali
(Pali
for
Vaishali
in
present-day
Bihar).
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq Ancient
History

These
compilations
were
known
as
Tipitaka
–
literally, He
remained
at
the
University
of
Nalanda
for
about
five
three
baskets
to
hold
different
types
of
texts.  years.
Vinaya
Pitaka included rules
and
regulations
for He
also
participated
in
one
of
the
religious
assemblies
those
who
joined
the
sangha
or
monastic
order. called
by
Harsha
at
Prayag.
Sutta
Pitaka: Buddha’s
teachings. He
became
famous
for
his
seventeen-year
overland
Abhidhamma
Pitaka dealt
with
philosophical journey
to
India.
matters. He
visited
India
during
the
reign
of
Harshavardhan
who
Thus,
it
is
clear
that Vinaya
Pitaka
is
a
book
related
to
the came
to
admire
him
for
his
deep
devotion
towards
rules
of
the
Buddhist
Sangha. Buddhism.
So,
option
3
is
correct.

Sol
237. Additional
Information
The
correct
answer
is
A
foreign
affairs
minister. Other
Foreign
Travellers
to
India:
Traveller Reign
of:
A
high
official
called
Sandivigraha
was
mentioned
in
the
Deimachos Bindusara
Gupta
inscriptions,
most
probably
minister
for
foreign
affairs. Megasthenes Chandragupta
Maurya

Fa-Hien Chandragupta
II
Additional
Information
Ibn
Batuta Muhammad-Bin-Tughlaq
The
king
was
assisted
in
his
administration
by
a
council
consisting
of
a
chief
minister,
a
Senapati
or
commander Sol
241.
in-
chief
of
the
army
and
other
important
officials. The
correct
answer
is
option
3
i.e
Kartikeya.
The
king
maintained
close
contact
with
the
provincial
administration
through
a
class
of
officials
called Kalidasa's
Kumārasaṃbhavam
themed
around
the
birth
Kumaramatyas
and
Ayuktas. of
Kumara
(Kartikeya).
Provinces
in
the
Gupta
Empire
were
known
as
Bhuktis
and Kumara
(Kartikeya)
is
the
son
of
Lord
Shiva
and
Parvati.
provincial
governors
as
Uparikas. Ganesha
or
Vinayaka
is
another
son
of
Lord
Shiva
and
They
were
mostly
chosen
from
among
the
princes. Parvati.
Kalidasa
was
a
classical
writer
and
the
greatest
poet
in
Sol
238. the
Sanskrit
language
of
India.
He
is
well
known
as
'Indian
Shakespeare'.
The
eastern Prachyapatha
was
having
its
capital
at Kalidasa
was
a
court
poet
of
king
Vikramaditya.
Toshali
near
Kalinga. Notable
works
of
Kalidasa:
Ashoka
fought
only
one
major
war
called
the Kalinga
war. Abhijnanasakuntalam.
According
to
the Thirteenth
Major
Rock
edict,
100,000 Raghuvaṃsa
(an
epic
poem
about
the
people
were
killed
in
the
course
of
it,
150,000 kings
of
the
Raghu
dynasty).
were prisoned. Meghaduta.
This
horrific
event
deeply
impacted
Ashoka
and
led
to
a Vikramorvasīyam.
change
of
his
heart. Kumarasambhavam.
He
vowed
to
never
fight
a
war Abhimanyu
is
a
character
of
the
ancient
Indian
epic
Mahabharata.
Sol
239.
Pradyumna
is
the
elder
son
of
Lord
Krishna
and
Rukmini.
The
correct
answer
is
option
2,
i.e.
Mahendravaman
-
Sanatkumara
is
a
character
of
the
ancient
Indian
epic
Mattavilasa
Prahasana.
Mahabharata.
Mattavilasa
Prahasana
-

The
versatile
Pallava
ruler
and
great
scholar Sol
242.
Mahendravarman
I
wrote
the
famous
burlesque The ultimate
goal of
education
in
Jainism is 'liberation' as their
Mattavilasa
Prahasana.
Hence
option
2
is
correct. teachings
laid
primary
emphasis
on:
Mattavilasa
Prahasana
means
the
Sport
of
Drunkards.
attainment
of
salvation
or
moksha
from
the
chain
of
birth
It
is
a
short
one-act
Sanskrit
play.
and
death.
Mattavilasa
Prahasana
is
a
satire
that
pokes
fun
at
the
teaching
that
salvation or
moksha
is
attainable
to
anyone
peculiar
aspects
of
the
heretic
Kapalika
sects
of
willing
to
learn
it.
Buddhism
and
Pasupata
Saivite
sects
of
Jainism.
different
ways
of
achieving
total
liberation
from
rebirth
and
bodily
existence.
Sol
240.
achieving
an
ideal
state
of
freedom
by
the
total
The
correct
answer
is
Harshavardhan.
renunciation
of
all
bodily
comforts.
Important
Points
Xuan
Zang
(Hsüan
Tsang): the
gradual
development of
liberation
into
perfection
to
cut
all
the
physical
bondages.
A
Chinese
Buddhist
monk,
scholar,
traveller,
and
translator
who
travelled
to
India
in
the
seventh
century. Sol
243.
He
described
the
interaction
between
Chinese
Buddhism The
correct
answer
is
Pataliputra.
and
Indian
Buddhism
during
the
early
Tang
dynasty.
The
capital
of
the
Kanva
Dynasty
was
Pataliputra.
The
primary
aim
of
the
visit
of
Hiuen
Tsang
to
India
was
Vasudeva
Kanva
was
the
founder
of
the
Kanva
dynasty.
to
gain
knowledge
of
Buddhism
and
collect
its
religious
The
Kanva
dynasty
was
a
Brahmin
dynasty.
texts.
Vasudeva
was
succeeded
by
his
son
Bhumimitra.
As
he
did
not
get
the
permission
of
the
Chinese
emperor
Susharman
was
the
last
king
of
the
Kanva
dynasty.
to
visit
India,
he
slipped
away
from
there
in
629
A.D.
The
Kanva
dynasty
was
succeeded
by
the
Satavahanas.
 https://amzn.to/2ZlZeGq
Sol
244.
The
correct
answer
is

Bhagabhadra.
Key
Points
Bhagabhadra
ruled
in
north,
central,
and
eastern
India
around
110
BCE.
He
established
his
court
in
Besanagar,
Madhya
Pradesh.
He
is
best
known
from
an
inscription
at
the
Heliodorus
pillar
in
Vidisha,
Madhya
Pradesh.
Additional
Information
The
Shunga
dynasty
ruled
the
central
and
eastern
Indian
subcontinent
from
around
185
to
75
BCE.
It
was
established
by
Pushyamitra
Shunga
after
killing
Brihadratha
Maurya,
the
last
ruler
of
the
Maurya
Empire.
Its
capital
cities
were
Pataliputra
and
Vidisha.
Sol
245.
Vedic
civilization flourished
along
the
river Saraswati.
Vedic
civilisation
–
The
Vedic
Period
is
estimated
to
be
from 1500
BC
and
500
BC.
The
period
is
divided
into Early
Vedic
Period
(1500
BC
–
1100BC) and Later
Vedic
Period
(1100
BC
-
500
BC).
The
period
is
supposed
to
flourish after
the
end
of
the
Indus-Valley
Civilisation.
Sol
246.
The
correct
answer
is
Fa
Hien.
Key
Points
Fa
Hien
(405-411
A.D.):
He
was
a
Chinese
Buddhist
monk
who
came
to
India
in
the
reign
of
Chandragupta
II
also
known.
I-Tsing
(671–695
AD):
A
Chinese
traveler,
he
visited
India
in
connection
with
Buddhism
and
he
gave
us
some
information
about
the
first
Gupta
ruler.
Harshavardhana
(606
AD
to
647
AD):
He
was
the
most
prominent
ruler
of
the
Pushyabhuti
dynasty.
He
ruled
from
his
capital
Kannauj.
Ancient
History
Under
Harsha,
the
Pushyabhuti
empire
covered
much
of
North
and
Northwestern
India.
Empire
extended
to
the
East
till
Kamarupa,
and
south
until
the
Narmada
river.
His
reign
is
well
documented
by
Banabhatta
in
Harshacharita.
Chinese
traveler
Hieun
Tsang
visited
India
during
his
period.
Sol
247.
Sambhavnath was
the
third
Jain
Tirthankara.
Tirthankar: 
A
Tirthankar
is
referred
to
as
‘teaching
god’
or
‘Ford
Maker’
in
Jainism. 
In
Jainism,
it
is
believed
that
each
cosmic
age
produces
24
Tirthankaras.
The
Tirthankaras
in
the
art
are
shown
in
the
Kayotsarga
pose
(dismissing
the
body).
The
24
Tirthankaras
are
distinguished
from
each
other
by
the
symbolic
colours
or
emblems.
Sol
248.
Megasthenes was
the
ambassador
of Seleucus
Nicator in
the
court
of Chandragupta
Maurya.
He
lived
in
India
from
304
BCE
to
299
BCE.
The
references
of
Megathenes
throw
light
on
the
social
and
political
condition
of
the
Mauryan
period.
According
to
him,
the
Indian
society
was
divided 7
castes which
were
philosopher,
farmer,
shepherd,
trader,
warrior,
overseer
and
councillor.
Slavery
was
absent.
Sol
249.
Hinayana does
not
believe
in
Idol
worship and
tries
to
attain
individual
salvation
through
self-discipline
and
meditation. 
The
ultimate
aim
of
Hinayana
is
thus Nirvana.
Mahayana
or
“great
vehicle”
believes
in
the
heavenliness
of
Buddha
and Idol
worship
of
Buddhas
and
Bodhisattvas embodying
Buddha
Nature.
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