CENTRAL THEMES

 Vocabulary: Colors

 Demonstratives; one, ones

 Saying prices

 Vocabulary: Materials

 Preferences; comparisons with adjectives

COLORS AND THEIR MEANINGS
 COLORS AND THEIR MEANINGS
WHITE BLACK BROWN

Hopeful= enthusiastic, pure Powerful= energetic Friendly= sociable

Full of hope; expressing hope Physically strong, as a person Like a friend; kind; helpful

Other meaning: sad

COLORS AND THEIR MEANINGS
BLUE GREEN YELLOW

Truthful= honest Jealous= possessive Happy= glad

Telling the truth Extremely careful in protecting Feeling; showing; or causing
someone or something pleasure or satisfaction
 COLORS AND THEIR MEANINGS
ORANGE RED PINK

Confident= sure, fun Exciting= interesting Loving= romantic

To be sure about your abilities To feel very happy or enthusiastic Feeling or showing love; warmly
and what you can do affectionate; fond
COLORS AND THEIR MEANINGS

PURPLE GRAY

Creative= ingenious Sad= unhappy, boring

Having the quality or power of Not happy or depressed
creating

Other meaning: mysterious

 DEMONSTRATIVES PRONOUNS
Demonstrative
pronouns help us
indicate an object and
describe its position
(near or far).
These books are great

Those books are great

This house is beautiful That house is beautiful

 DEMONSTRATIVES PRONOUNS
 With singular nouns:
THIS for a thing that is nearby
THAT for a thing that is not nearby

Examples:
How much is this cap here?
How much is that cap over there?

 With plural nouns:

THESE for things that are nearby
THOSE for things that are not nearby

Examples:
How much are these earrings here?
How much are those earrings over there?
 DEMONSTRATIVES PRONOUNS

1. Look at ________
this newspaper here.
2. _________
These are my grandparents, and _______
those people over there are my friend's grandparents.
3. _________
That building over there is the Chrysler Building.
4. _________
This is my mobile phone and _________
that is your mobile phone on the shelf over there.
5. _________
These photos here are much better than _________
those photos on the book.
6. _________
That was a great evening.
7. Are _________
these your pencils here?
8. _________
That bottle over there is empty.
9. _________
Those bricks over there are for your chimney.
this
10. John, take _________ folder and put it on the desk over there.
 PRONOUNS: ONE / ONES
 Use ONE to replace a singular noun.
Examples: I like the red hat.  I like the red one.

 Use ONES to replace plural nouns.

Examples: I like the green bags.  I like the green ones.

• after an adjective:
See those two girls? Helen is the tall one and Jane is the short one.
Which is your car, the red one or the blue one?
My trousers are torn. I need some new ones.

• after the:
See those two girls? Helen is the one on the left.
Let's look at the photographs – the ones you took in Paris.

• after which in questions:

You can borrow a book. Which one do you want?
Which ones are yours?
 PRONOUNS: ONE / ONES
one
1. This bag is very old. I need a new _________.
2. Small pineapples are sweeter than big _________.
ones
ones
3. The new smartphones are much faster than the old _________.
4. Which is your car, the black _________
one or the white _________?
one
5. She needs new shoes, the old _________
ones are too small.
6. If you buy two bottles of water, you get a third _________
one free.
ones
7. These dresses are expensive. Are there any cheap _________?
one
8. Jack has three pens – a red _________ and two green _________.
ones
9. I would like to have a cupcake – the red _________
one looks great.
10. I would like to have some cupcakes – the green _________
ones look great.
 SAYING PRICES
There are two ways to describe a price.

1) $2.50 = Two dollars and fifty cents

2) $2.50 = Two fifty

Example:

$7.25 seven dollars and twenty-five cents

Practice
Write the prices in the long way.
1. $4.90 four dollars and ninety cents
___________________________________
2. $5.74 five dollars and seventy-four cents
___________________________________
3. $9.02 nine dollars and two cents
___________________________________
4. $10.81 ___________________________________
ten dollars and eighty-one cents
eight dollars and thirteen cents
5. $8.13 ___________________________________
6. $80.10 ___________________________________
eighty dollars and ten cents
 MATERIALS

Cotton
(Algodón)

Gold
(Oro)
 MATERIALS

Silver
(Plata)

Leather
(Cuero)
 MATERIALS

Wool
(Lana)
Plastic
(Plástico)
 MATERIALS

Silk
(Seda)

Rubber
(Caucho)
 COMPARATIVES
We use “than” after the comparative
We use comparative adjective to say what time period we are
adjectives to compare comparing with.
two or
more things, people or
places.
We also use them to
Example: My house is compare 1
bigger than your thing, person or place
house. at different times.

Example: Peter is more

active than last year.
We use the word “than” after the comparative
adjective and before the second thing that we are
comparing with.
 COMPARATIVES
We use comparative adjectives to show change or make comparisons:

This car is certainly better, but it's much more expensive.

I'm feeling happier now.
We need a bigger garden.

Noun (subject) + verb + comparative adjective + than + noun (object)

We use than when we want When we want to describe We often use the with comparative
to compare one thing with how something or someone adjectives to show that one thing
another: changes we can use two depends on another:
comparatives with and:
- She is two years - The faster you drive, the more
older than me. - The balloon got bigger and dangerous it is.
bigger. (= When you drive faster, it is
- New York is much more dangerous.)
bigger than Boston. - Everything is getting more and
more expensive. - The higher they climbed, the
- He is a better colder it got.
player than Ronaldo. - Grandfather is looking older (= When they climbed higher, it
and older. got colder.)
 HOW TO FORM COMPARATIVE
ADJECTIVE FORM
 For one – syllable adjectives
ending in “e”.
Examples: wide, fine, late,
large.
 For only one syllable
adjectives.
Examples: tall, cheap, soft,
fast.
 For only one syllable
adjectives, with one vowel
and one consonant at the end.
Examples: hot, big, fat, thin.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES
 We add -r: Mary's car is larger than Max's car.
Examples: wider, finer, later, Max is wiser than his brother.
larger, wiser.
 We add -er: Mary is taller than Max.
Examples: taller, cheaper, A bike is cheaper than a car
softer, faster. I can run faster than you.
 Double the consonant, My dog is bigger than your dog.
and add -er: Max is thinner than John.
Examples: hotter, bigger, My mother is fatter than your mother.
fatter, thinner.
 HOW TO FORM COMPARATIVE
ADJECTIVE FORM COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES
 For two syllables
 Change y to i, then add - John is happier today than he was
adjectives, ending in Y. er: yesterday.
Examples: happy, lonely,
Examples: happier, lonelier, Max is angrier than Mary.
angry, busy. angrier, busier. Mary is busier than Max.
 For two syllables or more  Use “more” before the Mary is more beautiful than Susan.
adjectives, not ending in Y. adjective: Health is more important than
Examples: modern,Examples: more modern, money.
interesting, beautiful,
more interesting, more Women are more intelligent than
important, intelligent. beautiful, more important, men.
more intelligent.
 For two syllable adjectives  We add -er: The roads in this town are
ending in –er, –le, or –ow. Examples: narrower, narrower than the roads in the
Examples: narrow, gentle. gentler. city.
Big dogs are gentler than small
dogs.
 HOW TO FORM COMPARATIVE
ADJECTIVE FORM COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES
 The rest of the two syllable  Use “more” before the Mary is more beautiful than Susan.
adjectives (especially those adjective: His new film is more boring than
ending in -ing, -ed, -ful and Examples: more boring, the old one.
-less). more surprised, more He knows more helpless people
Examples: boring, surprised, helpless, more helpful, than she.
helpless, helpful, interesting. more interesting.

 Irregular adjectives. Good  Better Italian food is better than

These are some exceptions. Bad  Worse American food.
Far  Farther My mother's cooking is worse
Little  Less than your mother's cooking.
Many  More
 LET’S PRACTICE
Write the comparative form. 1. English / maths (important) English is more important than maths

bigger
1. big .................. A tortoise is slower than a cat
2. A tortoise / a cat (slow) ......................................................................................
happier
2. happy .................. My friend is more handsome than I
3. My friend / I (handsome) ...................................................................................
more expensive
3. expensive .................. Chocolate milkshakes are better than
4. Chocolate milkshakes / lemonade (good) ...........................................................
lemonade
4. intelligent more intelligent
.................. A tiger is more dangerous than a rabbit
5. A tiger / a rabbit (dangerous) .............................................................................
more boring
5. boring ..................
The North Pole is colder than Africa
6. The North Pole / Africa (cold) ............................................................................
better
6. good ..................
Swimming is easier than skating.
7. Swimming / skating (easy) ...................................................................................
easier
7. easy ..................
The Eiffel Tower is bigger than my house
8. The Eiffel Tower / my house (big) .......................................................................
greater
8. great .......... ........
more interesting A stone is heavier than a feather
9. A stone / a feather (heavy) ................................................................................
9. interesting ..................
worse
10. bad .................. Planes are faster than cars
10. Planes / cars (fast) ............................................................................................
 LET’S PRACTICE
Make the comparative form. If it's possible, use 'er'. If not, use 'more'.

1) Dogs are _______________________

more intelligent (intelligent) than rabbits.

older
2) Lucy is _______________________ (old) than Ellie.

3) Russia is far _______________________

larger (large) than the UK

more boring
4) My Latin class is _______________________ (boring) than my English class.

5) In the UK, the streets are generally _______________________

narrower (narrow) than in the USA.

6) London is _______________________
busier (busy) than Glasgow.

quiter
7) Julie is _______________________ (quiet) than her sister.

more ambitious
8) Amanda is _______________________ (ambitious) than her classmates.

more colorful
9) My garden is a lot _______________________ (colourful) than this park.

more confortable
10) His house is a bit _______________________ (comfortable) than a hotel.