Faculty of Digital Transformations

Department of Information Systems

Course: BDIS 2209 «Data and information management»

Major: 5B07300 «Information Systems»

Naizabayeva Lyazat Kydyrgalievna Muratova Kamilla Nurlanovna

Associate Professor, Lecturer,
Doctor of Technical Science Master in Computer Science

2021-2022

1
 Course description
The discipline involves the formation of skills in database design,
creating, modifying objects of databases, using tools, manipulating
data using the SQL language, developing database applications.

Purpose of the course:

• acquisition of skills and abilities by students in the field of design,
development and administration of databases;
• the formation of students' conceptual ideas about the basic principles
of building a database, database management systems, mathematical
models describing a database.

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

2
Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
As a result of studying the course, students will
Know:
• tasks and principles of database development;
• database models;
• types of database management systems;
• basic concepts of database theory;
• basic data models;
• normal forms of relational relations;
• structured query language SQL.
Be able to:
• use technical means of information systems in the subject area;
• create database tables;
• perform basic techniques for working with datasets: navigating through a dataset, searching for records in a
dataset, filtering records, etc.;
• create SQL queries;
Be competent: in the use of tools that support the development of software for professionally oriented
information systems; in identifying information needs of users and developing requirements for databases

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

3
Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
 Lecture_1 Introduction to database
• Data
• Database management system (DBMS).
• Data Administrator
• Database Administrator
• Database designer
• Database Design Process
• The architecture of a database management systems
• Introduction to SQL (DDL, DML, DCL).

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

4
Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
• when information is stored, it turns into data
• data can be of various format or types: video, audio,
photo and etc.

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

5
Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
Why necessary to use a database
management system? Link between the application and data files.

data subjects
planning discipline

The traditional approach to

student data
data processing has the
following drawbacks:
Admission of student data
• Duplication of data students

data teachers
• The inconsistency of data. teachers schedule

data subjects

data term
planning for the
semester
data subjects

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
 Approach using a database management system

data subjects
• Advantages of the planning
approach using a discipline
database management
system: student data
Admission of
students
• it reduces redundancy;
• eliminates the
inconsistency; teachers schedule data teachers
• sharing of data;
• comply with the
standards;
• introduce security planning for the data semester
measures; semester
• supports data integrity.

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
1. Discuss the several major function
of data administrator and database administrator.

Data Administration:
A high-level function that is responsible for
• the overall management of data resources in an organization,
including maintaining corporate-wide definitions and standards

Database Administration:
A technical function that is responsible for
• logical and physical database design and for dealing with technical
issues such as security enforcement, database performance, and
backup and recovery

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
Data Administrator is responsible for :
• Specification of organization data.
• The design and maintenance of data management application.
• Validating the data and files.
• Security of files or databases.

Database Administrator is responsible for :

• reviewing the contents in the database
• designing, implementing the database
• to backed up data regularly
• prevent from unauthorized access.

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
Data modeling responsibilities

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
2. What is the difference between database administrator
and database designer?

The designer will learn from the applications designers

• the data types,
• quantities,
• relationships,
• and desired operations (searches, sorts, updates, etc.)
• work with the developers to design a structure/schema

Database designer considering matters such as

• unique keys, primary and foreign keys,
• data types, counters, naming, table relationships, search and sort
elements,
• database normalization, search and sort efficiency, and data integrity.

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
Design and development of database
• Development and implementation of a database in the
organization must be performed in sequence.
• Preliminary design
• Analysis of feasibility
• Determine requirements
• Conceptual design
• Implementation
-select DBMS and get it,
- convert the detailed conceptual model in a real model DBMS
- create a data dictionary,
- populate the database,
- develop application programs and to train users.
• Testing and maintenance of the database.

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
 Database Design Process
Application Domain
or Universe of Discourse

using ER model or UML

Data Modelling

Conceptual Model

using Data Model of the

target DBMS

Logical Database Design

Logical Model
DBMS specific
resource-based
optimization

Physical Database Design

Physical Model

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
 Logical/Physical database design
Relational Normalization & SQL
RDBMS
database design Physical design table definitions
Mapping onto
Relations
(no operations)

Mapping onto
UML class Object-Relational Normalization & Extended-SQL
Relations and Object
Physical design ORDBMS
diagram types database design table definitions

Mapping directly
onto ODL classes

Object-Oriented
database schema Optimization OODBMS
in ODL

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
Architecture of a database management system
External
level 1
External
level 2
External
level 3
The architecture of a database management
system can be divided into three levels:
C++ C# Java, …
• The external level: This presentation
describes only part of actually existing
database.

The conceptual level

• The conceptual level: conceptual level
SQL
represents the entire database as a whole,
and is used by the database administrator.

• The internal level: at this level there is a

The internal level physical data storage, and it is the lowest
Assembler, machine language,… level in the architecture.

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
Examples of levels of database architecture
The external level:
cout << “Emp#”<< EMPLOYEE_CODE;
cout << “Dept#”<<DEPARTMENT_CODE;
cout<< “Salary”<< SALARY;

The conceptual level:

EMPLOYEE
EMPLOYEE_CODE CHARACTER 6
DEPARATMENT_CODE CHARACTER 4
SALARY NUMERIC 5

The internal level:

STORED EMPLOYEE LENGTH=18
PREFIX TYPE=BYTE(6), OFFSET=0
EMP# TYPE=BYTE(4), OFFSET=6, INDEX EMPX
DEPT# TYPE =BYTE (4), OFFSET=12
SALARY=BYTE (4), OFFSET=16

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
 SQL -Structure Query Language
DB Language Database Server Web/Desktop/
Mobile
Application
Transact-SQL, NoSQL MS SQL Server MySQL

PL/SQL, NoSQL Oracle Postrgresql

NoSQL Firebase
NoSQL MongoDB

Client Application
Program language Web/Desktop
Application Drivers
ADO.NET
C++, C# Visual Studio JDBS
Java NetBeans ODBS

Python Anaconda

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

17
Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
SQL -Structure Query Language

• SQL was one of the first commercial languages for Edgar F.

Codd's relational model
• SQL was initially developed at IBM by Donald D.
Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce in the early 1970s. This version,
initially called SEQUEL (Structured English Query Language
SQL -Structure Query Language
• Data Definition Language (DDL)
• Data Modification Language (DML)
• Data Control Language (DCL)
Structure SQL Operators Objects
Query
Language
DDL CREATE, ALTER, DROP Database, Table, View, Stored Procedures, Trigger,
Login, User
DML SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, Distinct, Where, Group by, Having, Order by, Top,
TRANCATE Top with ties and etc.
Predicates: Like, NotLike, Between, NotBetween
etc.
DCL GRANT, REVOCKE, DENY Login, User, Database, Table, View etc.

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

19
Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
The SELECT statement has the following
structure:
SELECT
[DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW | ALL]
select_expression,...
FROM table_references
[WHERE where_definition]
[GROUP BY {unsigned_integer | col_name
| formula}]
[HAVING where_definition]
[ORDER BY {unsigned_integer | col_name
| formula} [ASC | DESC], ...]

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

20
Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
SUMMARY
In this lesson, you studied:

• Database management system (DBMS).

• Data Administrator
• Database Administrator
• Database designer
• Database Design Process
• The architecture of a database management systems
• Introduction to SQL (DDL, DML, DCL).

IITU, Course «Database in Information Systems»

21
Professor Naizabayeva Lyazat, Lecturer Muratova Kamilla
Next Lecture: Data Model
Data models:
• hierarchical
• Network
• Relational
• post-relational
• multidimensional
• object-oriented

SQL operators:
• Group by etc.
• Subqueries

22