PROCEDURES

Part I Mixtures
Obtain small samples of the following mixtures: salt dissolve in water, soil in
water, air, brown and white sugar, liquid soap dissolve in water. Examine each sample
carefully. Make a table and indicate whether the mixture is homogeneous or
heterogeneous. Also, give a general description of each mixture.
Part II Substances
Examine small samples of each of the following: sugar, sodium chloride, copper
wire, water, and iron fillings (used for cleaning cauldron). For each substance examined
enter the following into a table:
a. Name of substance
b. Three physical properties for each
c. Effect of heat on the pure substance
d. Extent of solubility in water
e. Explain whether a physical, chemical change, or both changes took place
when the substances are heated.
Part III Use of Data Tables
Make useful information on the properties of substances printed in your periodic
table. A copy is available in the internet. Look up the following information for sodium
chloride and record them.
a. Formula
b. Formula weight or atomic weigh
c. Density
d. Melting point
e. Boiling point
f. Solubility in water at both 0⁰C and 100⁰C
 DATA SHEET AND ANSWER SHEET

NAME: David Jonathan S. Polo DATE PERFORMED: OCT 1, 2021

COURSE: BS PSYCHOLOGY YR&SEC: 1STCAS-103P GROUP NO. 06

EXPERIMENT No. 2
CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

DATA AND RESULTS

Table 1 Mixtures

Name of Classification Description

Mixture

Salt dissolve in water is homogeneous

because once the salt puts in the water
Salt dissolve in Homogeneous it dissolves and we cannot longer see
Water the small particles of salt.

Soil in Water Heterogeneous Soil in water is a heterogeneous mixture

since we can see the small particles
slowly separating once they put in the
water.

Air is a homogenous mixture since all

gases cannot for as a shape, the mixture
Air Homogeneous of the gasses in the air cannot be
differentiated with each other and the air
has a uniform composition of these
gasses.

Brown and The Brown and white sugar is

White sugar heterogeneous because they did not
Heterogeneous dissolve in water.

The Liquid soap dissolve in water is

homogeneous because they have two
Liquid Soap Homogeneous substances and you cannot see the
dissolve in liquid soap separate to the water, which
Water means they combined together.
 Table 1 Pure Substances

Name of Properties Effect of Extent of Explanation

Substance Heat Solubility

The solubility of When sugar is heated

sugar in water is it immediately melts
Once you approximately and breaks down into
heat a sugar 130 g/sugar in glucose and fructose.
it begins to 100 g water. If The increase in
-Odorless melt and one were to add temperature causes its
changing 0.26 lb (130 g) of colour to get darker
- White color from sugar to 0.2 lb and darker if you keep
Sugar (100 g) of water
Crystalline white to warming it. In
golden brown at 122°F (50°C), connection to that,
-powdery and the resulting heated sugar is an
solid becoming solution would example of chemical
liquid. And be saturated. change. The high
when is not Adding 0.26 lb temperature activates
heated it (131 g) would the chemical reaction
turns to solid mean that even between the substance
with continuous sugar and oxygen. The
stirring, 0.002 lb oxygen in the air reacts
(1 g) of sugar with the mentioned
would remain at substance (sugar) and
the bottom of the the chemical bonds are
container. broken.

When the crystals of

When you Maximum sodium chloride are
-White heat sodium solubility of NaCl heated in an
chloride, it in water at 25°C atmosphere of sodium
-crystalline doesn't melt, is 357 mg/ml. vapours, the sodium
solid even if you NaCl is unusual atoms get deposited
use a busen in that its onto the surface of the
Sodium solubility does
-highly burner crystal. The chloride
Chloride not increase
soluble in however, if ions then get diffused
water you try to appreciably with into the surface of the
have a taste melt it you'll temperature, crystal combined with
need at least since at 100°C, the sodium atoms to
801°C,at the solubility is form sodium chloride.
which point it 384 mg/ml Thus, heating sodium
becomes chloride is an example
liquid when it of a physical change.
melts, it also Because when it
undergoes dissolves, the Na and
 electrolysis, Cl ions break apart--
which and there are no new
involves the other chemical bonds
conduction of formed during the
electricity due process of heating the
to the substance.
movement
and
discharge of
the ions

Copper Copper was When a copper wire is

decomposes soluble at all heated the heated
into copper concentrations in copper metals of it
-Reddish oxide and pH 5.5 water. At
Metal reacts with the oxygen
carbon higher pH to form the black
-capable of dioxide when values, the copper oxide. The
being heated. It's amount of copper oxide then
shaped or an soluble copper reacts with the
Copper endothermic was a function of
Wire bent hydrogen gas to form
reaction, both pH and the the copper metal and
-easily pulled meaning it total copper water. Heated copper
or stretched takes in heat. concentration, is an example of a
into a thin They're called with a maximum physical change. And
wire conduction of 4 mg/l soluble heating it in its
electrons copper at pH 6.5 elemental form is a
because they and a maximum physical change,
help copper of 1.3 mg/l
transfer heat soluble copper at because the mass of
and electricity pH 7.4 any substance does
well not change throughout
the process.

Water solubility When water is heated

is a measure of it absorbs the heat and
-Odorless the amount of evaporates. The higher
-Tasteless When you chemical the temperature, the
heat water, it substance that more the molecules
-Water begins to boil can dissolve in move faster. And when
Water conducts water at a
and becomes the liquid starts to boil,
heat more hot. The specific bubbles of vapor form
easily than temperature temperature. The within the liquid itself
any liquid is not raised unit of solubility and rise onto the
except by adding is generally in surface. Heated water
mercury. heat. It mg/L (milligrams is also an example of
 expands or per liter) or ppm physical change.
extends in (parts per million) Because they do not
size. Water change the nature of
becomes less the substance, since
thick as its the water vapor still
volume has the same
grows. Water molecular structure as
contracts and the liquid water.
shrinks in
volume as it
cools. Water
becomes
increasingly
thick as its
volume
decreases

Iron carbonate Heated iron filings and

When you has a water sulfur powder forms a
heat iron solubility of 60 Ferrous Sulphide
fillings, their mg/L, iron (FeS). A new
properties sulphide of 6 substance that has
remain mg/L, and iron entirely different
unchanged vitriol even of properties from Fe and
however, 295 g/L. Many S. With that being said,
when you iron chelation heating iron filings is
combine two complexes are an example of both
-Dark black chemical iron water soluble. physical and chemical
Iron particles fillings and Usually there is a
Fillings change because they
sulfur difference lose their magnetic
-Powder powder, the between water power. As well as the
-No odor physical soluble Fe2+ properties of iron and
change compounds and sulphur do not change
occurs after generally water when they are
boiling of insoluble Fe3+ separated, and there
those compounds no formation of a new
elements and product happened
the chemical during this change.
change And the change is also
colors from permanent, meaning it
black to can no longer be
orange to reversed.
red. They
undergo a
chemical
reaction that
results in the
 formation of
ferrous
sulphide. It is
a novel
substance
with
properties
that are
diametrically
opposed to
those of iron
and sulfur.

Part III Use of Data Tables

Properties of Sodium chloride

Formula NaCI

Formula weight or atomic

Weigh 58.44 g/mol

Density 2.16 g/cm3 = density

Melting point 801°C = melting point

Boiling point 1,413°C = boiling point

Solubility in water at both 0⁰C and 35.7 in 0 degree Celsius and 384 mg/ml in
100⁰C 100 degree Celsius

ANALYSIS
 1. What properties of each of the general components of soil in water can be used
to separate the components?

In a mixture of sand and water, the heavier sand particles settle down at the bottom
and the water can be separated by decantation. Through the filtration the mixture of
water and soil was separated since the filtration is known for separating liquid and solid
components from each other.

2. Describe a simple experiment to show that air is a mixture.

Air is a mixture it's composed of different gases. The gasses that presents in air are
nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide. The composition of air varies from place to
place the proportion of carbon dioxide is higher in industrial areas than in rural
areas likewise at higher altitudes the proportion of oxygen decreases if air was a
compound its composition would remain constant at all places. Liquid air possesses
no definite boiling point liquid oxygen boils sharply at minus 183 degrees Celsius
while liquid nitrogen boils at about minus hundred and ninety-three degree Celsius if
air was a compound liquid air would have a fixed boiling point.

3. Explain how it is possible to have a heteregenous mixture and still have only one
pure substance present? Give examples.

It is really possible to have only a one pure substance in a heterogeneous mixture

because it is a physical change rather than chemical change and a heterogeneous
mixture distributes the components unequal. One example of this is when you add ice,
or frozen water to pure water, you have created a heterogeneous mixture of a pure
substance. The atoms of water are distributed differently in the ice from the liquid water,
and the ice can be physically separated from the water making it a mixture.

4. If a portion of the substance used does not appear to dissolve, how could
evidence be obtained to determine if any of the substance had dissolved?

We always thinks that when we add a substance into a water it dissolves, but in
reality it just make a transparent or see through liquid called solution. Solution is made
when one substance called the solute "dissolves" into another substance called the
solvent. Dissolving is when the solute breaks up from a larger crystal of molecules into
much smaller groups or individual molecules. When you don't see the substance, for
example, salt dissolves in water, it's both a solution and a mixture, salt and water. Salt
can be dissolved in water, and the solute is spread equally throughout the solvent. Each
substance is made up of unique molecules that interact with water in unique ways.
Solubility’s should be varying for different compounds

5. Does sugar undergo a physical change or chemical change when it dissolves in

water: What evidence from the experiment support your choice?
 Dissolving of sugar in water is considered a physical change even though the
appearance has changed (from white crystals to invisible in the water) and the phase
has changed, from solid to solution, it is a physical change, not a chemical change,
because the bonds between atoms haven't changed

6. Explain how it is possible to have a homogeneous mixture of two different

compounds? Give examples.

A homogeneous mixture of two different substances is a solution and known to have

same proportions of its components. For example Natural gas, Blood Wine, Vinegar and
coffee.

CONCLUSION

The group activity made us realize that all things that surrounds us is connected
to chemistry, from the air that we breath, the sugar that we puts in our milk, the soil that
we use to plant and the very important is the water that we need every day. As a group,
we meet virtually and shared our ideas and conclusion regarding in our activity and
summarizes it as one and here is our conclusion.
Through the given activity my team and I first discussed how we will do the given
tasks effectively by letting us choose the topic/s that we’re most comfortable with and
have the confidence to answer to. Then afterwards, the remaining items were divided
evenly among us members. We were also able to learn more about the different types
of changes in matter, which is the physical and chemical change. There are elements in
which both the physical and chemical change happens. In this experiment we have
worked together as a group I think the tests I/we did went smoothly and had no
problems except for difficult on understanding or doing it, but as a group we’ve all
worked together in order to finish it on time and all of us have learned a lot about this
certain activity of ours.