100+ Business Analyst Interview Questions & Answers in 2022

1/30/22, 10:43 AM 100+ Business Analyst Interview Questions & Answers in 2022
100+ Business Analyst Interview Questions &

Answers in 2022
By Matthew Martin Updated December 29, 2021
Following are frequently asked questions

for Business Analyst job interview
questions for freshers as well as for the
position of a senior business analyst.
1) What is a flowchart? Why it is

important?
A Flowchart shows the complete flow of

the system through symbols and
diagrams. It is important as it makes the
system easy to understand for developers as well as nontechnical stakeholders.
2) Define the Use Case Model
Use case model shows a sequence of events and a stream of actions regarding any
process performed by an actor.
3) What does UML stand for?
It stands for Unified Modeling Language.
4) Do you think Activity Diagram is important?
As the name implies, an activity diagram is all about system activities. The main purpose
of the activity diagram is to show various events taking place in an organization in
different departments.
5) Name two types of diagrams used in Business analyst
The two diagrams are Use Case Diagram and Collaboration Diagram
6) What is meant by an alternate flow in a use case?

https://www.guru99.com/business-analyst-interview-question.html 1/17
It is the alternative solution or activity in a use case that should be followed in case of any
failure in the system.
7) What are exceptions?
These are unexpected situations or results in an application.
8) What are extends?
Extends is a relationship that is shown by a dotted line. It is usually used to specify

optional behavior which has no independent meaning. Example: Help on “Sign on”
extends use case “Sign on”
9) Name the two documents related to a use case
The two documents are:
FRD (Functional Requirement Document)

SDD (System Design Document).
10) What is the difference between Business Analyst and Business Analysis?
Business Analysis is the process performed by the Business Analyst.
11) As a business analyst, what are the tools which are more helpful to you?
There are many tools, but mostly use the tool are: 1)MS Visio, 2)MS Word, 3)MS Excel,
4)PowerPoint, 5)MS Project.
12) In your previous experience, what kind of documents you have created?
I have worked on, Functional Specification Documents, Technical Specification

Documents, Business Requirements Documents, Use Case Diagram, etc.
13) Explain the term INVEST
INVEST means Independent, Negotiable, Valuable, Estimable, Sized Appropriately,

Testable. It can assist project managers and technical team in delivering quality
products/services.
14) D fi S S
14) Define SaaS
SaaS means Software as a Service. It is related to cloud computing. It is different from

other software bundles as you don’t need this type of software to be installed on your
machine. All you need is the Internet connection and a Web Browser to use it.
15) What steps are required to develop a product from an idea?
You have to perform, Market Analysis, Competitor Analysis, SWOT Analysis, Personas,
Strategic Vision and Feature Set, Prioritize Features, Use Cases, SDLC, Storyboards, Test
Cases, Monitoring, Scalability.
16) What do you think is better, the Waterfall Model or Spiral Model?
It all depends on the type and scope of the project. A life cycle model is selected based on
organizational culture and various other scenarios to develop the system.
17) How can you explain a user-centered design methodology?
It all depends on the end-users. In such a scenario, we develop the system with a user’s
point of view. Who are the end-users, what they require etc. Personas are helpful in this
process.
18) How do you define Personas?
Personas are used instead of real users that assist developers and technical team in
judging the user behavior in different scenarios. Personas are social roles, performed by
any actor or character. It is derived from a Latin word meaning “character.” In marketing
terminology, it represents a group of customers/end users.
19) Define the term Application Usability
Application usability is the quality of the system that makes the system useful for its end
users. System’s usability is good if it is capable of achieving users’ goals.
20) What is a database transaction?
When we perform any activity in a database, such as addition, deletion, modification,

searching, etc. is said to be a database transaction.
21) Give a full form of OLTP
OLTP stands for On-Line Transaction Processing. Such systems are capable of performing
database transactions and are meant to provide good speed for database transactions.
These systems are mainly used for data entry and retrieving data from the database.
22) What is Pugh Matrix?
Pugh Matrix is used to decide about the most optimal and alternate solutions. This
technique is now a standard part of Six Sigma technique. It is also known as a problem or
design matrix.
23) What does FMEA stand for?
It means Failure Mode and Effects Analysis. It is a failure analysis, that is used mainly in
product development, system engineering, and operations management. This analysis is
performed to figure out various failure modes and their severity in any system.
24) What is a 100-point method?
This method is used to assign priority to different steps in a process. Each group member
is supposed to assign points to different steps. In the end, all the points for each step are
calculated. The step having the highest points has the highest priority.
25) What is 8-omega?
It is a business framework that is mainly being adopted by firms and organizations for the
betterment of their business. Its key factors are Strategy, People, Process, and
Technology.
26) What is a misuse case?
It is a term derived from use-case. Unlike use case, a misuse case is something that shows
-what kind of malicious activities can be performed by an actor that may result in system
failure.
27) What is SQUARE stand for?
SQUARE stands for Security Quality Requirements Engineering. It is one of the software
engineering steps that mainly focus on documenting the security requirements of the
system.
28) What is Pareto Analysis?
Pareto Analysis is a decision-making technique, also known as the 80/20 rule. It is used
for quality control and defect resolution. It explains a few factors that can be responsible
for big problems. It is named as 80/20 rule, because as per this rule, 80 % effects in the
system, arises from 20 % causes.
29) What is Agile Manifesto?
Agile Manifesto is a guide for software developers about Agile development principles to
ensure iterative solutions.
30) What BPMN stand for?
BPMN is the Business Process Model and Notation. It is a graphical representation of

business processes.
31) Define BPMN Gateway
BPMN Gateway is a processing modeling component that is used to control the flow of
interaction, the sequence of processes.
32) Name the five basic elements’ categories in BPMN

They are Flow Objects, Data, Connecting Objects, Swimlanes, and Artifacts.
33) Have you ever used Kano Analysis in your previous jobs, and how do you define it?
Yes, I have used Kano Analysis in one of my previous jobs. Kano Analysis is used to
analyze a system in terms of its requirements to identify its impact on customers’
satisfaction.
34) What are the key areas in a Kano Analysis?
Kano Analysis has three key areas -namely: Unexpected Delighters, Performance
Attributes, and Must-Have Attributes.
35) Define Pair-Choice Technique
The pair-Choice Technique is used to give priority to various items in a process. It is

mainly used when distinctive stakeholders are involved in the project. This technique
asks the group to compare each item with others and select the one having the highest
priority.
36) Do you have suggestions to make an effective use-case model?
Yes, I would suggest making two separate diagrams. One serves as a use-case, and the
other serves as an actor diagram. So that we can highlight all possible activities in a use
case & in actor diagram and then we can merge both the diagrams to get an effective use-
case diagram.
37) How many types of an actor can be depicted in a use-case?
Two types of actors can be depicted in a use-case, viz. primary and secondary actors.
Primary actors start the process, and secondary actors assist them. Moreover, actors can
be of four types such as Human, System, Hardware, and Timer.
38) Define BCG Matrix
The Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix is developed to analyze several business
processes and new product offerings from companies. It is a useful tool that can be used
in portfolio analysis, strategic management, product management, and brand marketing.
39) How can you differentiate between pool and swimlane?
A swimlane is related to group activities on an activity diagram while a pool is a dedicated

activity to a single person.
40) Differentiate between Fish Model and V Model?
Fish Model V Model
Fish model is comparatively very costly and time- V model requires less
consuming time and cost
Fish model is used when there were no ambiguities in the Otherwise, V model is
customer’s requirements preferred.
41) How do you manage frequently changing customers’ requirements while developing
any system?
As a business analyst, I would develop a document stating clearly that no change will be
accepted after a certain period of time and get it signed by the user.
42) Define use-case points
Use-case points are used to evaluate the cost of work done to develop the system.
43) What does PEST stand for?
It means Political, Economic, Social, and Technological. It is used to analyze the business
environment, in which it has to be operated.
44) Name the four key phases of business development?
They are Forming, Storming, Norming, and Performing.
45) Define Benchmarking?
Benchmarking is about measuring the performance of an organization to compete in the

industry. In this process, a company may measure its policies, performance, rules, and
other measures.
46) What do we mean by SWEBOK?
It means Software Engineering Body of Knowledge.
47) What do you know about GAP Analysis?
It is a process of comparing and determining the difference between two things or

processes.
48) Define Agile?
Agile is a technique that uses several light-weight methodologies such as Rapid

Application Development (RAD), Extreme Programming (XP) and SCRUM. All these
methodologies focus on the development of iterative solutions.
49) Define Scrum method
It is one of the agile methods, which is used to develop iterative information systems. In
this method, a small team works on the assigned tasks for 30 days, usually.
50) What does JAD stand for?
It means Joint Application Development.
51) What is ETL?
Extraction, Transformation, and load is a data processing method mainly used in data
warehousing.
52) As a Business Analyst, which method do you prefer more- a waterfall model or a spiral
model?
The final decision will be taken depending on the culture of an organizational lifecycle,
model for a specific product like waterfall or spiral can be right ascertained.
53) What is the requirement elicitation?
Requirement elicitation helps you to collects information from users and stakeholders. It
helps to understand what they want from a system. It is also comprised of various
strategies which directly collaborate with the users or clients.
54) What is the Kano Analysis?
Kano Analysis helps you to analyze a system. It helps to identify its impact on customers’
satisfaction.
55) What is Version Control?
Version control is a subset of configuration management. It is mostly concerned with the

handling changes arising in the previous document as compared to configuration
management, which handles the individual components.
56) Explain Black Box Testing
Black box testing is a kind of testing where the entire unit is tested as a whole without
considering the contents or how the inner components and units are tested. This testing
method only focuses on the known input signal and check whether the output behavior
is according to expectation or not.
57) What is an important quality of a good requirement?
The requirement should be good when it is clear, understandable, and it should be easily
verifiable.
58) What Is OOAD?
Object-oriented analysis and designing. It is used in object-oriented coding languages like

Java, c++, etc.
59) What is UAT?
UAT is User acceptance testing. If the UAR fails, BA did not understand the requirement
properly.
60) How can you measure the quality of a product?
We can measure the quality of a product by checking bugs in the product according to the
standard set by the company.
61) What is RAD?
RAD is a development process which is used to build applications in a smaller duration.

Generally, 50-70 days i.e., with some compromises.
62) What are the important areas in a Kano Analysis?
Important areas in a Kano analysis are:
Unexpected Delighters
Performance Attributes
Must Have Attributes
63) Why do you like a career as a business analyst?
I like this career because it gives me a great opportunity to involve other people and
interacting with them.
64) What do you know about scope creep?
Scope creep is also called requirement creep is a term which means uncontrolled
changes in the project’s scope without need to increase in the other resources (schedule,
budget) of the project.
65) What are the important skills that a business analyst must have:
Problem-solving skills,
Management and Communication skills
Elicitation skills
knowledge of IT skills
66) How can you avoid scope creep?
Scope creep can be avoided in the following method:
Documenting the scope of the project.

By following proper change management.
Informing the effects of the change to the affected parties before making a change.
Documenting the new requirements in the project log.
67) Name three best practice you should follow while writing a use case
Important thing you should include are:
Use case diagrams along with use case

UI details/note in the use case.
68) What is CaaS?
CaaS stands for Communication as a Service. It is outsourced schema interfaction which

can be leased from a single Vend over the internet.
69) What is a requirement elicitation technique?
Requirement elicitation is a technique of requirements gathering from users,

stakeholders, users, clients by conducting interviews, sessions, brainstorming, etc.
70) What is the major difference between risk and issue?
A risk is a future event which negatively impacts business objective, while the issue is a
result of events currently happening.
71) How do you define a Kanban tool in Business analysis process?
It is a tool which helps agile teams to guide and manage work visually as it is progressing
through processes. It also helps you to scheduling system in agile just-in-time production
to describe the current development status.
72) Name important agile metrics which should be considered by business analysts
Important agile metric to consider should be:
The sprint burndown metric

Work category allocation
The priority of the work
Business value delivery
Defect resolution time
73) What is meant by an increment in business analysis?
Increment term is used for the sum of all product backlog item, which is completed in the
previous spring
previous spring.
74) How should BA perform risk management for your project?
A risk is an uncertain event which might cause an impact on the revenues and profits of
the business. By using various risk management techniques which allows you to manage,
identify, and control risks for a business.
75) Name out a different document that can come across to business analyst
The documents that are responsible for being completed as a Business Analyst may
include:
Scope & Prospect of Project.

Fact sheet for constraints
Functional Requirements document including UML, Activity, and dataflow diagrams.
Testing phase documents along with QA Test requirements, plan, and types of tests.
76) How many categories of business analysis techniques exist?
There are more than 100 business techniques which business analyst can select. It should
be categorized as strategic, investigative, project management, documentation, and
modeling techniques.
77) What is a misuse case?
Misuse case is an activity performed by a user which causes a system failure. It may be a
malicious activity which misguides the system function flow.
78) Which model is better Waterfall model or Spiral Model?
It is selecting the life cycle model for any project which should be based on its scope,type,
and limitations. It is dependent on the culture of the organization, their policies and
terms, and conditions and a process of developing the system.
79) What is a must for White Box Testing?
It requires programming knowledge and skill to examine the outputs.
80) What is BRD?
A Business Requirement Document is a formal contract between the client and the
1/30/22, 10:43 AM
q 100+ Business Analyst Interview Questions & Answers in 2022
organization for the development of the specific product.
81) State the important differences between BRD and SRS
The difference between BRD and SRS are as follows:
BRD SRS
It is a high-level functional It is a high level functional and technical

specification of the software. specification document of the software.
BA creates it after their direct The System Architect creates it according to their
interaction with the clients need and technical expertise.
It is derived based on client

SRS is always derived from the BRS
interaction and requirements.
82) As a business analyst, which subject is more beneficial to you?
Economics is the most important subject for a Business analyst.
83) What is ERD mean?
ERD stands for Entity Relationship Diagram.
84) What is called the movement of information or material from one activity or worksite
to another?
It is called workflow.
85) What will employees and systems use to perform important functions?
Knowledge management is a system which is used by employees and systems.
86) Which method is mostly used for assessment or evaluation of a prospective vendor?
In the business analysis process Vendor, Assessment technique is a more fruitful method.
87) What are the important elements of the use case model?
The important elements of the use-case model are use-case diagram and use-case
description.
88) What are the four most important metrics in business development?
88) What are the four most important metrics in business development?
Storming, forming, Storming, norming, and performing are important metric in business
development process.
89) Name important phases of an IT project
Important phases of any IT project are:
Initiation
Planning
Execution
Monitoring and control
90) Explain critical path analysis
A project that involved in a set of activities from Start to Finish. A critical path is a set of
activities which includes the longest path in the entire project.
91) What is RUP Methodology?
Rational Unified Process, shortly known as (RUP) is a product application improvement

method. It is an object-oriented approach used to guarantee successful project
management and top-notch software production.
92) What are Project deliverables?
The project deliverables are a set of measurable goods and services that are delivered as
an output at the end customer at the completion of the project.
93) List the important advantages of Business process modeling
It is used to picture a clear understanding of business processes.

It offers consistency, control over the processes of the project.
It helps you to identify and removes errors and bottlenecks.
94) What are the important aspects of creating analytical reporting?
An important aspect of creating analytical reporting are:
Ability to think critically

Understand of business analysis
Understand of business analysis
Show your analysis skills.
95) Why is process design important for the Business analyst?
Process design helps you to analyze all the challenges to find an effective solution. This
approach helps you to standardize the workflows is important Boosting the same helps
you to boost the quality, and businesses can make sure that they help you to get the
desired outcome in the shortest possible time.
96) How to define the feasibility study?
The feasibility study is a method of identifying the success rate of a proposed idea for a
business problem. It helps you to identify new opportunities and focus more on a project.
97) What is CATWOE in business analysis?
CATWOE stands for Customers, Actors, Transformation process, Worldview, Owners, and
Environmental Constraints. This tool helps you get useful insights from the collected data
to make the right decisions from the same.
98) Difference between software development lifecycle and project lifecycle
Software development lifecycle Project lifecycle
Helps you to develop particular software Allows you to develop a new product in
products. the business.
It involves single software across different It Involves multiple software in a single

phases. customer scenario.
SDLC phases are requirement gathering, Project lifecycle phases are Idea
coding, documentation, operations, and generation, screening, development,
maintenance. testing, and analysis.
99) What are the important elements of BPMN gateway:
The important elements of BPMN gateway are:
Flow objects
Data connection objects
Swimlanes
Artifacts
100) What are the members of the Scrum Team?
Scrum Team consists of 1) Product Owner, 2) Scrum Master, and 3) Development Team.
101) Why you should use a spring burndown chart?
A spring burndown chart is a graphic visualization of the rate of progress of current

spring. This chart is regularly updated over the course of the sprint.
102) Explain the velocity of a sprint?
Velocity of a sprint is the total work done by the development team is capable of doing
over the duration of the sprint. It is agreed upon based on the historical data available
about the previous sprint of the project.
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1/30/22, 10:43 AM 100+ Business Analyst Interview Questions & Answers in 2022

100+ Business Analyst Interview Questions &

Following are frequently asked questions

1) What is a flowchart? Why it is

A Flowchart shows the complete flow of

2) Define the Use Case Model

3) What does UML stand for?

It stands for Unified Modeling Language.

4) Do you think Activity Diagram is important?

5) Name two types of diagrams used in Business analyst

6) What is meant by an alternate flow in a use case?

7) What are exceptions?

These are unexpected situations or results in an application.

8) What are extends?

Extends is a relationship that is shown by a dotted line. It is usually used to specify

9) Name the two documents related to a use case

The two documents are:

FRD (Functional Requirement Document)

Business Analysis is the process performed by the Business Analyst.

I have worked on, Functional Specification Documents, Technical Specification

13) Explain the term INVEST

INVEST means Independent, Negotiable, Valuable, Estimable, Sized Appropriately,

SaaS means Software as a Service. It is related to cloud computing. It is different from

15) What steps are required to develop a product from an idea?

17) How can you explain a user-centered design methodology?

18) How do you define Personas?

19) Define the term Application Usability

20) What is a database transaction?

When we perform any activity in a database, such as addition, deletion, modification,

21) Give a full form of OLTP

22) What is Pugh Matrix?

23) What does FMEA stand for?

24) What is a 100-point method?

25) What is 8-omega?

26) What is a misuse case?

27) What is SQUARE stand for?

28) What is Pareto Analysis?

29) What is Agile Manifesto?

30) What BPMN stand for?

BPMN is the Business Process Model and Notation. It is a graphical representation of

31) Define BPMN Gateway

32) Name the five basic elements’ categories in BPMN

34) What are the key areas in a Kano Analysis?

35) Define Pair-Choice Technique

The pair-Choice Technique is used to give priority to various items in a process. It is

36) Do you have suggestions to make an effective use-case model?

37) How many types of an actor can be depicted in a use-case?

38) Define BCG Matrix

39) How can you differentiate between pool and swimlane?

A swimlane is related to group activities on an activity diagram while a pool is a dedicated

40) Differentiate between Fish Model and V Model?

Fish Model V Model

42) Define use-case points

43) What does PEST stand for?

44) Name the four key phases of business development?

They are Forming, Storming, Norming, and Performing.

45) Define Benchmarking?

Benchmarking is about measuring the performance of an organization to compete in the

46) What do we mean by SWEBOK?

It means Software Engineering Body of Knowledge.

47) What do you know about GAP Analysis?

It is a process of comparing and determining the difference between two things or

48) Define Agile?

Agile is a technique that uses several light-weight methodologies such as Rapid

100+ Business Analyst Interview Questions & Answers in 2022

100+ Business Analyst Interview Questions & Answers in 2022