Name: Baldonado, Lesley Joy T.

Date Submitted: December 17,2021

TEST FOR ALCOHOLS

1. Sodium Metal Test

Positive result: formation of effervescence
The chemical equation of the reaction: 2R-OH + 2Na → 2R-O-Na + H2↑
Rationale: due to the liberation of hydrogen gas
Application in the industry: to determine the presence of alcohol

2. Ester Test
Positive result: fruity smell compound(ester) is produced.
The chemical equation of the reaction: R-OH + R-COOH → R-COOR + H2O
Rationale: because of the presence of concentrated H2SO4
Application in the industry:
 test used to determine whether an organic compound contains a carboxylic acid
group

3. Ceric Ammonium Nitrate Test

Positive result: red color was produced
The chemical equation of the reaction:
 (NH4)2 [Ce(NO3)6] + 3ROH → [Ce(NO3)4(ROH)3] + 2NH4NO3
Rationale: due to the formation of alkoxy cerium (IV) compound
Application in the industry:
 a way to examine a solution for the presence of either alcohols or phenols.

4. Acetyl Chloride Test

Positive result: formation of white fumes of ammonium chloride
The chemical equation of the reaction:
 R-OH + CH3-CO-Cl → CH3-COOR + HCl + NH4OH → NH4Cl + H2O
Rationale: because of the releasing/giving out of hydrogen chloride gas
Application in the industry: used to determine the presence of alcohol

5. Iodoform Test
Positive result: formation of a yellow iodoform precipitate
The chemical equation of the reaction:
 CH3-CH(OH)-CH3 + I2 + 2NaOH → CH3-CO-CH3 + 2NaI + 2H2O
Rationale: because alcohol is warmed with NaOH and iodine
Application in the industry:
 used to check the presence of carbonyl compounds with the structure R-CO-CH3 or
alcohols with the structure R-CH(OH)-CH3 in a given unknown substance.
6. Lucas Test
Positive result: cloudiness
The chemical equation of the reaction:

TERTIARY ALCOHOLS:

SECONDARY ALCOHOLS:

PRIMARY ALCOHOLS:

Rationale: because of the insolubility of alkyl chloride

Application in the industry:
 It is performed to distinguish primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols and which
alcohol gives fastest alkyl halide.