Quaint Iesn “1% HES 006 (Anatomy & Physiology - Lecture) QB oe sorte see Sane erie v Session # 22 LESSON TITLE: BLOOD VESSELS AND CIRCULATION Materials: a Book, pen and notebook LEARNING OUTCOMES: Upon completion of this lesson, you can 1 Deserbe the blood pressure and how tis measured: 2. deny the pulse pressure the factors affecting & nd the mmaor pulse ports m the body 9. Lstthe events associated wih the capil exchange 4 Sate the prominent features in mechanisms thal contol the blood fw 5. Enumerate the shertterm and longterm mechanisms in regulation of arta pressure Reteroneo: 6 Devcrbe the mean arterial pressure and ts computation Weil e eee decstes & dearer assed win anPuite,C., Ragan, 8 Fusen A 2010 the blood vessels & circulation with its description; and, ‘Seeley’s essentials of anatomy & physiology See ee ee anaes {tom ed) New York NY McGraw Hil E@ueatin, Ln aa LESSON REVIEWIPREVIEW (5 minutes) {es have a review fom the proveus chapter before moving foward. You Wenify what specie blood vessel is renponsbie forthe Blood ow the sytem ax descrbed in each fer. You must answer in CAPITAL LETTER wih ne ‘Sterinposlonsierasces towed, Oo this rhoutioking at Your notes and check ght fr Enjoy) 1. Branch off from extemal iliac artery that supplies the thigh -Answer FEI L_ART _ 2. Carries blood to hear & upper mb — Answer Rack 10 CePHALIC” VEIN 3. Drains blood from liver ~Arswer HEPATIC VEIL 4. Returns deoxygenated blood from upper part of body “answer: PULMONARY ARIERY 5 Exchange of gases occur ~ Answer CAPILLARIES MAIN LESSON (50 minutes) You must read & study the concepts and refer to figuresftables in Chapter 13 ofthe book. Blood Pressure (BP) ~ measure of the force blood exerts against the blood vessel walls; normal BP is 120/80 mmHg 2° Systolic Pressure — maximum force in which the blood is forced into the arteries when ventricles contract 1 Diastolic Pressure — minimum value in which blood pressure falls when ventricles relax. ‘Auscultatory Method — used to determine BP with the use of sphygmomanometer (BP cuff), wrapped around the arm ‘and stethoscope, placed over brachial artery (See figure 13.21) Korotkoff Sounds — heard through stethoscope caused by turbulence from vibrations in the blood & surrounding tissues + 1 sound heard is the systolic pressure the pressure at which the sound disappear is the diastolic pressure Pulse Pressure — the difference between the systolic & diastolic pressures; affected by hwo factors: Stroke Volume - if increased, the systolic pressure increases more than diastolic pressure Vascular Compliance ~ related to elasticity of blood vessel wall Pulse — pressure wave produced from ejection of blood from left ventricle into aorta; can be felt at locations where large: arteries are close to surface of body; vital for monitoring heart rate & rhythm (See figure 13.23) This document and the information thereon isthe property of PUIKILAA Eriiratin (Renactment nf Mursinal 10f6‘2 treatable conditon in which blood vessels in fingers & toes undergo exaggerated _vasoconstiction in response to emotions of cold exposure inadequate biood flow throughout the body that causes tissue damage due to lack of ‘oxygen, classified ito five tyes based on ther cause Raynaud Syndrome + Hypovolemic Shock ~ result of reduced blood volume Hemorrhagic Shock: caused by internalfexternal bleeding ¥. Plasma Loss Shock may occut in severely bumed areas of body WInterstiial Fuid Loss Shock: may ocour as a resuk of diarrhea, vomiting, or dehydration Gireulatory Shock | * Newrogeni Shock caused by vasodilation in response to emotional upset oF anesthesia + Anaphylactic Shock — caused by an allergic response that results in release of inflammatory substances + Septic Shock ~ caused by infections that release toxio substances (blood posoning), depressing heart's activity & leading to vasodilation & increased capilary permeability + Cardiogenic Shock —resuits from decrease in cardiac output caused by events that decrease the hearts ably to functon (ex: heart attack, cardiac arrhythmias, Seexposure to electrical shocks) Effects of Aging on the Blood Vessels eT eduned elasticly & thickening of arterial wals result in hypertension & decreased abiltyto respond to changes inblood pressure +The efficiency of capilary exchange decreases with age. 1 Walls of veine thicken & dilate. Thromboses, embol, varicose veins, & hemorrhoids are age-related conditions, CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING (30 minutes) ‘Yau wil answer and rationalize this by yoursett This will be recorded as your quiz. One (1) point will be given to the ‘Correct enswer and another one (1) point forthe correct ratio. Superimpositions or erasures in your answeriratio is not allowed. You are given 30 minutes for this activity ‘Muttiple Choice +. Ablood pressure reading of 120/60: indicates a diastolic pressure of 120 mm Hg. demonstrates Korotkoff sounds at pressures above 7120 mm Hg when taking blood pressure. Indicates the diastole pressure would be sufficient to lit column of mercury 80 mm, ‘would be considered normal for a resting young adutt male. Indicates the diastolic pressure would be sufficient o lit a column of mercury 80 mm and would be considered normal for a resting young adult male are both true statements ‘ANSWER: Eas 4 RATIO: blood orgscute reading Cf [20/¥0 Indicates the diastolic i t pet gl would oul Cle ES on oe tary 80 mm 2 would duced —coima) 21a ult mark ad bath tatinnt 2. The most rapid dectne in bloodpressure occurs inthe because of their__ resistance large arteries hgh tmodium-sized arteries; low Srtenoles;figh laste arteries; fw veins nigh aN , ; ANSWER —@— The most _tapid decline In blood pressnke cecurs In Hog gr Fen of bi Fear blgle qe 1G Seg This document and the information thereon is the property of UIA Fauration (Renartmant of Nuirsina 30f6$. Ifa normal person has a blood pressure reading of 120/80 mm Hg, by comparison a person with arlerioscieros might have a reading of. 15080 mmHg 120/60 mmiig © 100/60 mig 120/100 mmig soweg, 020mm ANSWER: A Renee Veo normal persta bas a wlood pressure reading of 20/8 mm Soh D fading 4 0 goentig 4. Edema would develop it 8 the capilary Blood pressure was abays higher han he capita osmote pressure. 'b. the blood vessels were blocked. eee men a the Osmotic concentration ofthe blood was greater than the osmotic concentration of the interstitial fuid answed, 'N2cabilay beds sudden became more permeable toa, RATIO: edema would develo i€ he osmotic Concentration ot ye yiocd Was qedier thon The Osmo nication, Fe interg Hhal fai 5. Wen the by.produts of metabolam bud up in the eaue spaces, he preapllary sphincters caus blood flow to the tissue to Be ee ie contract: decrease b. contract increase © relax; decrease relax increase ©. cose; remain the same isWER:___D. ; ‘ RATIO. When the Wof-produels of metabolism build up in he fissue spaces, fe pi cag i FHIOX causl He Heat ‘- 2 6. Local control of blood flow: ‘occurs because of contraction or relaxation of precapillary sphincters causes precapillary sphincters to contract when oxygen decrease in tissue spaces causes an increase in blood flow when oxygen levels increase in tissue spaces ‘occurs because of contraction or relaxation of precapilary sphincters and causes an increase in blood flow when oxygen levels increase in tissue spaces are both true statements ©. Alle these are tue statemens RB ae Local control of blond Flow occurs because of contraction or Welaxation of —acapilary —Gphincté 77 In most vessels, epinephrine and norepinephrine cause but in skeletal and cardiac muscle, these hormones cause 2. vasoconstriction; vasodilatation . vasodiattion, vasoconstition increases to blood flow, decreases to bleed flow 4. increases in oxygen concentration: decreases in oxygen concentration ‘© both vasodiataton; vasoconstricion and increases to blood fw; decreases to blood ow BATO A tm mosh vessels epinephrine & horept "EATING couse Vaso constriction Wut jn Skeletal & Cardiac muscle , thee pormonts rouse Vagdiletation. This document and the information thereon is the property of PHINMA Friuratinn (Menartment of Nursine 4o0f6tone: (Select all that apply) &. Emaitained by the parasympathetic neraus sytem Geir won econ paunat ree sa ect i through sympathetic vas or fer 4. feeps peripheral blood veseelsinaparaly comedies pa) Natomotor tone is more suited in thé option C% 0 ‘9. An increase in which of these would produce an increase in mean arterial pressure? heart rate stroke volume peripheral resistance Any of these would increase mean arterial blood pressure, ny heart or stroke volume woul increase mean ara bloc pressure ANSWER: RATIO; any of these would increase mean arterial vlood presure. 410. Pepper is working on her quads when she notices thatthe issue in that part of the legis pinker (fush with increased blood flow). What has caused this increase in blood flow to her quads? ‘a. an increase in the oxygen concentration in the tissue. 'b._ an inerease in carbon dioxide concentration in the tissue. ‘c_ the constriction of precapilary sphincters in the eapllary beds of the muscie. 4. the overall decrease in the temperature of the muscle tissue as the muscles contract. arise in the pH of the blood and interstitial fuid of the muscle. e ANSWER: Coane, cquued this increase in bead How 4 her auads is thé qonetriCtion of proce pilary S6hi*ters In the coplllary beds of the muscle. RATIONALIZATION ACTIVITY (THIS WILL BE DONE DURING THE FACE TO FACE INTERACTION) The instructor wil now rationalize the answers. You can now ask questions and debate among yourselves. Write the correct answer and correctladditional ratio in the space provided. +. ANSWER: __ RATIO: es a ee a ANSWER, RATIO: ANSWER: RATIO! 2 ANSWER: RATIO. _ ANSWER RATIO. - This document and the information thereon isthe property of UNI Eturatinn (Renartmant of Nutsina 5 of610. ANSWER: LESSON WRAP-UP (5 minutes) ‘You will now mark (encircle) the session you have finished today inthe tracker below. This is simply a visual to help you track how much work you have accomplished and how much work there is lft to do. ‘You are done with the session! Let's track your progress. otare done tht arate ogre AL Activity: CAT: 3-2-4 This strategy provides a structure for students to record their own comprehension and summarize their learning. It also gives teachers an opportunity to identify areas that need re-teaching, and areas of student interest ree thin: I F Three things you learned: ke norvnal_plood pressure Te 120/40 mmtig % The Diseases B Misanders oF Blood vessele Circulation 3 Effeck, st Aaing Gn tht blood verse Two things that you'd ike o learn more about: ec ceemaneaae on this topic 2 Thr _forala ae WP One question you still have: lone xy 1. (For the next session, review the Chapter 14 of the book) This document and the information thereon isthe property of PHINKIA Eriuratinn (enartment of Nursina! 6 of6