Boiling Heat Transfer Unit:

Introduction:
Boiling is the process of heating a liquid to its saturation temperature and converting it to vapor.
When the pressure supplied to a hot liquid is lowered, a similar reaction occurs, which is known
as flashing. There is liquid in contact with the surface in both circumstances, and heat transfer is
good.
A heating element is horizontally mounted inside a vertical glass chamber submerged in coolant
in the Boiling Heat Transfer Unit, or "TCEB." This heating element is connected to a coolant-
contact cylindrical copper sleeve. A contact temperature sensor is attached to this conductive
cylinder and will measure the temperature of the hot surface. A second temperature sensor, on
the other hand, detects the temperature of the coolant.

Working Principle:
The more energetic molecules shift to a gas, spread out, and create bubbles when the water boils.
These make their way to the surface and into the atmosphere. The transition from a liquid to a
gas necessitates the use of energy. Furthermore, as gas molecules leave a liquid, they take away
its thermal energy. To adjust the heat flux and hence the mode of boiling, the heat input can be
modified. Cooling water passes through a coil at the top of the cylinder. The vapour created by
the heat input condenses, and the liquid formed returns to the cylinder's bottom for re-
evaporation.

Computer Linked Bench-top Cooling Tower

Introduction:
The HC891 Computer Linked Bench Top Cooling Tower was designed to help students learn the
construction, design, and operation of a contemporary evaporative cooling system. The device is
also an example of a "open system," in which two fluid streams (water and air) flow and mass is
transferred from one to the other.
With both a simulated heating load and a circulating pump, the Bench Top Cooling Tower is
self-contained. It has the same characteristics and design as a full-size forced-draught cooling
tower and stabilizes quickly.

Working principle:
Cooling in this experiment is done by some basic principles like radiation, convection or
conduction and evaporation.

Free and Forced Convection Unit:

Working principle:
When heat is transferred away from your body by moving air, it is called convection. The air will
absorb your heat and rise if the surrounding air is cooler than your skin. As the warmer air rises
around you, cooler air rushes in to take its place, absorbing even more of your heat. The major
distinction between free and forced convection is that in free convection, fluid molecules move
as a result of temperature and density differences, but in forced convection, fluid molecules
move as a result of an external source.