Physical Education lll

ATHLETICS
Introduction

Athletics is the types of sports in which athletes compete in running, walking,

jumping, and throwing events.

The Track and Field

The Tracks

1. Indoor Tracks - Have wooden or synthetics surface, and they usually have
banked turns. According to IAAF rules, the preferred measurement for an indoor
track is 20 meters.

2. Outdoor Tracks – Are divided into six or eight lanes. Runners must stay in their
lanes for all races up to 400 meters and until they pass the first curve of 800
meter races.
The Field – Most field events take place in an area enclosed by the track. But in some
meetings one or more two throwing events are held outside the stadium to protect other
athletes and spectators who crowd the field area to avoid damaging the artificial turf that
covers many athletic fields.

Track Events - Include a variety of races.

Field Events – Consists of four jumps and four throwing events.

Running Races - On outdoor track cover distances from 100 meters to 10,000
meters. Indoors, races many measurements from 50 meters to 5,000 meters.

Hurdles – Events in which the competitors run over obstacles called Hurdles.
Most of these races have 10 hurdles spaced at equal intervals. There are two types of
hurdle races, intermediate and high. Intermediate hurdles are 91 centimeters high
for men and 76 high for women. Men’s high hurdles are 107 centimeters high.
Women’s high hurdles are 84 centimeters.

Steeplechase – Is a race usually of 3,000 meters over two kinds of obstacles,

Hurdles and water jump. Runners must clear 91-centimeters hurdles 28 times. These
hurdles are studier than one used in hurdle races. Runners must cross water jumps
seven times. A water jump consists of a hurdle and a water-filled pit 3.66 meters
square.

Walking Races – Are events which athletes must follow certain rules of walking.
The Front Foot must touch the ground before the rear foot leaves the ground.

Relays - Run by teams of four runners. The first runner carries a baton about 30
cm long. After running a certain distance, called a leg, the athlete hands the baton to the
next team member.

Baton Passing/Receiving
  Downward Swift

 Visual Pass

 Upward Swift

 Non - Visual Pass

Field Events – Consists of four jumps and four throwing events.

Long Jump – Is completed in a single jump into a pit filled with sand.

Triple Jump – Consist of three continuous jumps, the first two completed in the runway.
On the first jump, the athlete takes off one foot and lands on the same foot. At the end
of the third jump, the athlete lands on both feet in a pit of sand.

High Jump - Runs toward a bar from any angle within a large, semicircular runway.

Pole Vault – Uses a long pole usually made of fiberglass. He/she begins his
vault by sprinting down a runway, carrying the pole with both hand
Throwing Events

Discus – A Saucer-shaped object usually made of wood with a metal rim.

Hammer – a sport in which a heavy metal ball joined by a wire to

a handle is thrown as far as possible. The "hammer" used in this sport is not like any of
the tools also called by that name. It consists of a metal ball attached by a steel wire to
a grip. The size of the ball varies between men's and women's competitions

Javelin – A spear made of metal or wood. The men’s javelin measures from 2.6
to 2.7 meters and weighs at least 800 grams. Women throw a javelin that is 2.2 to 2.7
meter long and weigh at least 600 grams. The thrower holds the javelin by a cord grip
near the center, runs with it, and then releases it with an overhand throw while running.

Shot Put – Is a metal ball. The men’s shot measure about 12cm. in diameter and
weighs at least 7.26kg. The Women’s shot measures about 10cm in diameter and
weighs at least 4kg. Competitors push the shot rather than throw it. The shot must be
held against the neck to prevent any throwing motion. The athlete begins with a strong
shove from one leg and finishes with a powerful push of the arm.