Unit

76 some and any

A some any
I have some I don’t have
money. any money.

Use some in positive sentences: Use any in negative sentences:

I’m going to buy some clothes. I’m not going to buy any clothes.
!ere’s some milk in the fridge. !ere isn’t any milk in the fridge.
We made some mistakes. We didn’t make any mistakes.

B any and some in questions Do you have

any money?
In most questions (but not all) we use any (not some):
Is there any milk in the fridge?
Does he have any friends?
Do you need any help?
We normally use some (not any) when we offer things
(Would you like … ?):
A: Would you like some coffee?
B: Yes, please.

or when we ask for things (Can I have … ? etc.):

A: Can I have some soup, please?
B: Yes. Help yourself.
A: Can you lend me some money?
B: Sure. How much do you need?
Would you like
some coffee?

C some and any without a noun

I didn’t take any pictures, but Jessica took some. (= some pictures)
You can have some coffee, but I don’t want any. (= any coffee)
I’ve just made some coffee. Would you like some? (= some coffee)
‘Where’s your luggage?’ ‘I don’t have any.’ (= any luggage)
‘Are there any biscuits?’ ‘Yes, there are some in the kitchen.’ (= some biscuits)

D something / somebody (or someone) anything / anybody (or anyone)

She said something. She didn’t say anything.
I saw somebody (or someone). I didn’t see anybody (or anyone).
Would you like something to eat? Are you doing anything tonight?
Somebody’s at the door. Where’s Sue? Has anybody seen her?

a and some ➜ Unit 68 somebody/anything etc. ➜ Unit 79

Exercises Unit
Write some or any.
76
1 I bought some cheese, but I didn’t buy any bread.
2 In the middle of the room there was a table and chairs.
3 !ere aren’t shops in this part of town.
4 Gary and Alice don’t have children.
5 Do you have brothers or sisters?
6 !ere are beautiful flowers in the garden.
7 Do you know good hotels in London?
8 ‘Would you like tea?’ ‘Yes, please.’
9 When we were on holiday, we visited interesting places.
10 Don’t buy rice. We don’t need .
11 I went out to buy bananas, but they didn’t have in the shop.
12 I’m thirsty. Can I have water, please?
Complete the sentences. Use some or any + the words in the box.
air cheese help milk questions
batteries friends languages pictures shampoo

1 I want to wash my hair. Is there any shampoo ?

2 !e police want to talk to you. !ey want to ask you .
3 I had my camera, but I didn’t take .
4 Do you speak foreign ?
5 Yesterday evening I went to a restaurant with of mine.
6 Can I have in my coffee, please?
7 !e radio isn’t working. !ere aren’t in it.
8 It’s hot in this office. I’m going out for fresh .
9 A: Would you like ?
B: No, thank you. I’ve had enough to eat.
10 I can do this job alone. I don’t need .
Complete the sentences. Use some or any.
1 Kate didn’t take any pictures, but I took some . (I/take)
2 ‘Where’s your luggage?’ ‘ I don’t have any . ’ (I/not/have)
3 ‘Do you need any money?’ ‘No, thank you. .’ (I/have)
4 ‘Can you lend me some money?’ ‘I’m sorry, but .’ (I/not/have)
5 !e tomatoes in the shop didn’t look very good, so . (I/not/buy)
6 !ere were some nice oranges in the shop, so . (I/buy)
7 ‘How much coffee did you drink yesterday?’ ‘ .’ (I/not/drink)

Write something/somebody or anything/anybody.

1 A woman stopped me and said something , but I didn’t understand.
2 ‘What’s wrong?’ ‘!ere’s in my eye.’
3 Do you know about politics?
4 I went to the shop, but I didn’t buy .
5 has broken the window. I don’t know who.
6 !ere isn’t in the bag. It’s empty.
7 I’m looking for my keys. Has seen them?
8 Would you like to drink?
9 I didn’t eat because I wasn’t hungry.
10 !is is a secret. Please don’t tell .
Unit
83 a lot much many
A

a lot of money not much money a lot of books not many books

We use much + uncountable noun We use many + plural noun

(much food / much money etc.):
Did you buy much food?
We don’t have much luggage.
How much money do you want?
A: Do you have any money?
B: I have some, but not much.
(many books / many people etc.):
Did you buy many books?
We don’t know many people.
How many photos did you take?
A: Did you take any photos?
B: I took some, but not many.

We use a lot of + both types of noun:

We bought a lot of food. We bought a lot of books.
Paula doesn’t have a lot of free time. Did they ask a lot of questions?
We say:
!ere is a lot of food/money/water … !ere are a lot of trees/shops/
(singular verb) people … (plural verb)
A lot of people speak English.
(not speaks)

B We use much in questions and negative sentences:

Do you drink much coffee?
I don’t drink much coffee.
But we do not often use much in positive sentences:
I drink a lot of coffee. (not I drink much coffee)
‘Do you drink much coffee?’ ‘Yes, a lot.’ (not Yes, much)
We use many and a lot of in all types of sentences (positive/negative/question):
We have many friends / a lot of friends.
We don’t have many friends / a lot of friends.
Do you have many friends / a lot of friends?

C You can use much and a lot without a noun:

Amy spoke to me, but she didn’t say much.
‘Do you watch TV much?’ ‘No, not much.’ (= not often)
We like films, so we go to the cinema a lot. (not go to the cinema much)
I don’t like him very much.

countable/uncountable ➜ Units 67–68

Exercises Unit

Write much or many.

83
1 Did you buy much food?
2 !ere aren’t hotels in this town.
3 We don’t have petrol. We need to stop and get some.
4 Were there people on the train?
5 Did students fail the exam?
6 Paula doesn’t have money.
7 I wasn’t hungry, so I didn’t eat .
8 I don’t know where Gary lives these days. I haven’t seen him for years.
Write How much or How many.
9 people are coming to the party?
10 milk do you want in your coffee?
11 bread did you buy?
12 players are there in a football team?
Complete the sentences. Use much or many with these words:
books countries luggage people time times

1 I don’t read very much. I don’t have many books .

2 Hurry up! We don’t have .
3 Do you travel a lot? Have you been to ?
4 Tina hasn’t lived here very long, so she doesn’t know .
5 ‘Do you have ?’ ‘No, only this bag.’
6 I know Tokyo well. I’ve been there .
Complete the sentences. Use a lot of + these words:
accidents books fun interesting things traffic

1 I like reading. I have a lot of books .

2 We enjoyed our visit to the museum. We saw .
3 !is road is very dangerous. !ere are .
4 We enjoyed our holiday. We had .
5 It took me a long time to drive here. !ere was .
In some of these sentences much is not natural. Change the sentences or write OK.
1 Do you drink much coffee? OK
2 I drink much tea. a lot of tea
3 It was a cold winter. We had much snow.
4 !ere wasn’t much snow last winter.
5 It costs much money to travel around the world.
6 We had a cheap holiday. It didn’t cost much.
7 Do you know much about computers?
8 ‘Do you have any luggage?’ ‘Yes, much.’
Write sentences about these people. Use much and a lot.
1 James loves films. (go to the cinema) He goes to the cinema a lot.
2 Nicola thinks TV is boring. (watch TV) She doesn’t watch TV much.
3 Tina is a good tennis player. (play tennis) She
4 Mark doesn’t like driving. (use his car) He
5 Paul spends most of the time at home. (go out)
6 Sue has been all over the world. (travel)
Unit
84 (a) little (a) few
A (a) little + uncountable noun:
(a) little water
(a) little time
(a) little money
(a) little soup
a little water
B a little = some but not much
She didn’t eat anything, but she drank
a little water.
I speak a little Spanish.
(= some Spanish but not much)
A: Can you speak Spanish?
B: A little.
C a little (without a) = nearly no or nearly
nothing
!ere was little food in the fridge.
It was nearly empty.
You can say very little:
Dan is very thin because he eats very
little. (= nearly nothing)
D Compare little and a little:
!ey have a little money, so they’re
not poor. (= they have some money)
!ey have little money. !ey are very
poor. (= nearly no money)
I have a I have li!le
li!le money. money.
countable/uncountable ➜ Units 67–68
(a) few + plural noun:
(a) few books
(a) few questions
(a) few people
(a) few days
a few books
a few = some but not many
Excuse me, I have to make a few
phone calls.
We’re going away for a few days.
I speak a few words of Spanish.
A: Are there any shops near here?
B: Yes, a few.
a few (without a) = nearly no
!ere were few people in the theatre.
It was nearly empty.
You can say very few:
Your English is very good. You make
very few mistakes.
Compare few and a few:
I have a few friends, so I’m not lonely.
(= I have some friends)
I’m sad and I’m lonely. I have few
friends. (= nearly no friends)
I have a few I have few
friends. friends.
Exercises Unit
Answer the questions with a little or a few.
84
1 ‘Do you have any money?’ ‘Yes, a li!le .’
2 ‘Do you have any envelopes?’ ‘Yes, .’
3 ‘Do you want sugar in your coffee?’ ‘Yes, , please.’
4 ‘Did you take any photos when you were on holiday?’ ‘Yes, .’
5 ‘Does your friend speak English?’ ‘Yes, .’
6 ‘Are there any good restaurants in this town?’ ‘Yes, .’
Write a little or a few + these words:
chairs days fresh air friends milk Russian times years

1 Mark speaks Italian well. He lived in Italy for a few years .

2 Can I have in my coffee, please?
3 ‘When did Amy go away?’ ‘ ago.’
4 ‘Do you speak any foreign languages?’ ‘I can speak .’
5 ‘Are you going out alone?’ ‘No, I’m going with .’
6 ‘Have you ever been to Mexico?’ ‘Yes, .’
7 "ere wasn’t much furniture in the room – just a table and .
8 I’m going out for a walk. I need .
Complete the sentences. Use very little or very few + these words:
coffee hotels mistakes people rain time work

1 Your English is very good. You make very few mistakes .

2 I drink . I prefer tea.
3 "e weather here is very dry in summer. "ere is .
4 It’s difficult to find a place to stay in this town. "ere are .
5 Hurry up. We have .
6 "e town is very quiet at night. go out.
7 Some people in the office are very lazy. "ey do .
Write little / a little or few / a few.
1 "ere was li!le food in the fridge. It was nearly empty.
2 ‘When did Sarah go out?’ ‘ minutes ago.’
3 I can’t decide now. I need time to think about it.
4 "ere was traffic, so we arrived earlier than we expected.
5 "e bus service isn’t very good at night – there are buses after 9 o’clock.
6 ‘Would you like some soup?’ ‘Yes, , please.’
7 I’d like to practise my English more, but I have opportunity.
Right or wrong? Change the sentences where necessary. Write OK if the sentence is correct.
1 We’re going away for few days next week. for a few days
2 Everybody needs little luck.
3 I can’t talk to you now – I have few things to do.
4 I eat very little meat – I don’t like it very much.
5 Excuse me, can I ask you few questions?
6 "ere were little people on the bus – it was nearly empty.
7 Mark is a very private person. Few people know him well.